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913 results on '"T, Amano"'

1. Electron Acceleration at Earth's Bow Shock Due to Stochastic Shock Drift Acceleration

Author

M. Lindberg, A. Vaivads, T. Amano, S. Raptis, and S. Joshi

Subjects
shock, electron, acceleration, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract

Abstract We use the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission (MMS) to study electron acceleration at Earth's quasi‐perpendicular bow shock to address the long‐standing electron injection problem. The observations are compared to the predictions of the stochastic shock drift acceleration (SSDA) theory. Recent studies based on SSDA predict electron distribution being a power law with a cutoff energy that scales with upstream parameters. This scaling law has been successfully tested for a single Earth's bow shock crossing by MMS. Here we extend this study and test the prediction of the scaling law for seven MMS Earth's bow shock crossings with different upstream parameters. A goodness‐of‐fit test shows good agreement between observations and SSDA theoretical predictions, thus supporting SSDA as one of the most promising candidates for solving the electron injection problem.

Published
2024
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2. Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a resource-constrained setting: outcomes after expansion of genetic evaluation

Author

Wellington F. Silva, Mariane T. Amano, Luiza L. Perruso, Maria Gabriella Cordeiro, Renata Kiyomi Kishimoto, Aline de Medeiros Leal, Luciana Nardinelli, Israel Bendit, Elvira DRP Velloso, Eduardo M. Rego, and Vanderson Rocha

Subjects
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, genetic, Philadelphia chromosome, Philadelphia-like leukemia, response, survival, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a challenging disease with a growing genetic landscape, even though there is substantial gap between developed and non-developed countries when it comes to availability of such new technologies. This manuscript reports a 5-year retrospective cohort of newly diagnosed ALL patients and their genetic findings and outcomes. An expanded genetic evaluation by using FISH and RT–PCR was implemented, aiming to identify Ph-like alterations. Patients were treated according to our local protocol, which allocated patients according to age and Philadelphia-chromosome status. A total of 104 patients was included, with median age of 37.5 years. Philadelphia chromosome was detected in 33 cases of B-lineage. Among 45 Ph-negative B-lineage, after excluding KMT2A or TCF3-PBX1 cases, we identified 9 cases with Ph-like fusion. Ph-positive and Ph-like patients had higher initial WBC (p = 0.06). Out of 104 cases, two cases did not start chemotherapy and an early death rate of 10.8% was found. Allogeneic transplantation was performed in 18 cases, being ten performed in first CR. Three-year overall survival (OS) and 3-year event-free survival were 42.8% and 30.8%, respectively. For patients treated with a pediatric regimen, 3-year OS was 52.5%. Extramedullary disease (HR 0.42) and platelet counts (HR 0.9) were independently associated with OS. We still face excessive non-relapse mortality that compromises our results. Alternative strategies implementing FISH and RT–PCR are feasible and able to identify Ph-like fusions. Delays in allogeneic transplantation, as well as the unavailability of new agents, impact long-term survival. Measures to decrease early infection are desirable.

Published
2022
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3. Direct observations of energy transfer from resonant electrons to whistler-mode waves in magnetosheath of Earth

Author

N. Kitamura, T. Amano, Y. Omura, S. A. Boardsen, D. J. Gershman, Y. Miyoshi, M. Kitahara, Y. Katoh, H. Kojima, S. Nakamura, M. Shoji, Y. Saito, S. Yokota, B. L. Giles, W. R. Paterson, C. J. Pollock, A. C. Barrie, D. G. Skeberdis, S. Kreisler, O. Le Contel, C. T. Russell, R. J. Strangeway, P.-A. Lindqvist, R. E. Ergun, R. B. Torbert, and J. L. Burch

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Excitation of whistler-mode waves by cyclotron instability is considered as the likely generation process of the waves. Here, the authors show direct observational evidence for locally ongoing secular energy transfer from the resonant electrons to the whistler-mode waves in Earth’s magnetosheath.

Published
2022
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4. Diagnostic Accuracy of Diastolic Fractional Flow Reserve for Functional Evaluation of Coronary Stenosis

Author

Yasutsugu Shiono, MD, Hitoshi Matsuo, MD, Hiroshi Fujita, MD, Nobuhiro Tanaka, MD, Yasuo Ogasawara, PhD, Itta Kawamura, MD, Yosuke Katayama, MD, Akiko Matsuo, MD, Yoshiaki Kawase, MD, Tsunekazu Kakuta, MD, Hiroaki Takashima, MD, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, MD, Hiroshi Ohira, MD, Satoru Suwa, MD, Mitsutoshi Oguri, MD, Fumi Yamamoto, MD, Takashi Kubo, MD, Takashi Akasaka, MD, Y. Shiono, Y. Katayama, K. Hironori, T. Kubo, T. Akasaka, N. Tanaka, J. Yamashita, H. Fujita, A. Matsuo, H. Matsuo, Y. Kawase, I. Kawamura, T. Kakuta, M. Hoshino, T. Sugano, H. Takashima, T. Amano, H. Yokoi, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Nozaki, M. Machida, M. Kobori, T. Kikuchi, H. Ohira, H. Yoshino, H. Ishiguro, Y. Wakabayashi, T. Kondo, H. Terai, T. Suwa, T. Kimura, T. Kawajiri, A. Hirohata, S. Uemura, Y. Neishi, T. Sakamoto, M. Yamada, K. Okeie, K. Hishikari, M. Oguri, T. Uetani, T. Saegusa, and F. Yamamoto

Subjects
fractional flow reserve, myocardial ischemia, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, stable coronary artery disease, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background: In the resting conditions, narrowing the window of coronary pressure measurements from the whole cardiac cycle to diastole improves diagnostic performance of coronary pressure–derived physiological index. However, whether this also applies to the hyperemic conditions has not yet been thoroughly evaluated. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess whether diastolic fractional flow reserve (diastolic FFR) has better diagnostic performance in identifying ischemia-causing coronary lesions than conventional FFR in a prospective, multicenter, and independent core laboratory–based environment. Methods: In this prospective multicenter registry at 29 Japanese centers, we compared the diagnostic performance of FFR, diastolic FFR, resting distal to aortic coronary pressure (Pd/Pa), and diastolic pressure ratio (dPR) using myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) as the reference standard in 378 patients with single-vessel coronary disease. Results: Inducible myocardial ischemia was found on MPS in the relevant myocardial territory of the target vessel in 85 patients (22%). In the receiver-operating curve analyses, diastolic FFR had comparable area under the curve (AUC) compared with FFR (AUCdiastolic FFR: 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58-0.73, vs AUCFFR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.58-0.74, P = 0.624). FFR and diastolic FFR showed significantly larger AUCs than resting Pd/Pa (0.62; 95% CI: 0.54-0.70; P = 0.033 and P = 0.046) but did not show significantly larger AUCs than dPR (0.62; 95% CI: 0.55-0.70; P = 0.102 and P = 0.113). Conclusions: Diastolic FFR showed a similar diagnostic performance to FFR as compared with MPS. This result reaffirms the use of FFR as the most accurate invasive physiological lesion assessment. (Diagnostic accuracy of diastolic fractional flow reserve (d-FFR) for functional evaluation of coronary stenosis; UMIN000015906)

Published
2021
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5. Light-induced magnetization driven by interorbital charge motion in the spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator α-RuCl_{3}

Author

T. Amano, Y. Kawakami, H. Itoh, K. Konno, Y. Hasegawa, T. Aoyama, Y. Imai, K. Ohgushi, Y. Takeuchi, Y. Wakabayashi, K. Goto, Y. Nakamura, H. Kishida, K. Yonemitsu, and S. Iwai

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

In a honeycomb-lattice spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator α-RuCl_{3}, ultrafast magnetization is induced by circularly polarized excitation below the Mott gap. Photocarriers play an important role, which are generated by turning down the synergy of the onsite Coulomb interaction and the spin-orbit interaction realizing the insulator state. An ultrafast 6 fs measurement of photocarrier dynamics and a quantum mechanical analysis clarify the mechanism, according to which the magnetization emerges from a coherent charge motion between different t_{2g} orbitals (d_{yz}-d_{xz}-d_{xy}) of Ru^{3+} ions. This ultrafast magnetization is weakened in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase, which is opposite to the general tendency that the inverse Faraday effect is larger in AFM compounds than in paramagnetic ones. This temperature dependence indicates that the interorbital charge motion is affected by pseudospin rotational symmetry breaking in the AFM phase.

Published
2022
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6. Intermittent pneumatic compression versus additional prophylaxis with enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal malignancies: multicentre randomized clinical trial

Author

H. Kamachi, S. Homma, H. Kawamura, T. Yoshida, Y. Ohno, N. Ichikawa, R. Yokota, T. Funakoshi, Y. Maeda, N. Takahashi, T. Amano, and A. Taketomi

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Background The role of antithrombotic chemoprophylaxis in prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal malignancies is unknown. This study compared the addition of enoxaparin following intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) with IPC alone in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal malignancy. Methods In this multicentre RCT, eligible patients were older than 40 years and had a WHO performance status of 0 or 1. Exclusion criteria were prescription of antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs and history of VTE. Patients were allocated to IPC or to ICP with enoxaparin in a 1 : 1 ratio. Stratification factors included sex, location of cancer, age 61 years and over, and institution. Enoxaparin was administered on days 1–7 after surgery. Primary outcome was VTE, evaluated by multidetector CT on day 7. Results Of 448 patients randomized, 208 in the IPC group and 182 in the IPC with enoxaparin group were evaluated. VTE occurred in ten patients (4·8 per cent) in the IPC group and six (3·3 per cent) in the IPC with enoxaparin group (P = 0·453). Proximal deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism occurred in seven patients (3·4 per cent) in the IPC group and one patient (0·5 per cent) in the IPC with enoxaparin group (P = 0·050). All VTE events were asymptomatic and non‐fatal. Bleeding occurred in 11 of 202 patients in the IPC with enoxaparin group, and one patient needed a transfusion. All bleeding events were managed by discontinuation of the drug. Conclusion IPC with enoxaparin after laparoscopic surgery for gastric and colorectal malignancies did not reduce the rate of VTE. Registration number: UMIN000011667 ( https://www.umin.ac.jp/).

Published
2020
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7. Petahertz non-linear current in a centrosymmetric organic superconductor

Author

Y. Kawakami, T. Amano, H. Ohashi, H. Itoh, Y. Nakamura, H. Kishida, T. Sasaki, G. Kawaguchi, H. M. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, S. Ishihara, K. Yonemitsu, and S. Iwai

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Here the authors show second harmonic generation (SHG) from a centrosymmetric organic superconductor κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br. They find unusual temperature dependence and CEP-sensitive nature of the SHG which are explained in terms of nonlinear current.

Published
2020
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8. The first report of molecular characterized BRD4-NUT carcinoma in Brazil: a case report

Author

Leandro J. C. Oliveira, Aline B. L. Gongora, Marcela T. Latancia, Felipe G. Barbosa, João Vitor A. M. Gregorio, Leonardo A. Testagrossa, Mariane T. Amano, and Olavo Feher

Subjects
NUT midline carcinoma, Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, Molecular pathology, Targeted therapy, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background NUT midline carcinoma is a rare and aggressive subset of squamous cell carcinoma, which is characterized by the translocation of nuclear protein in testis gene that is mostly fused with bromodomain and extraterminal family proteins. We describe here the first Brazilian case of NUT midline carcinoma with BRD4-NUT fusion detected in a next-generation sequencing panel and we present the clinical evolution of this patient. Case presentation A 42-year-old Caucasian man was diagnosed with poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the left maxillary sinus, with negative in situ hybridization for Epstein–Barr encoding region and human papillomavirus genotyping. He received induction therapy, chemoradiotherapy with weekly systemic chemotherapy, and, concurrently, weekly intra-arterial chemotherapy. New imaging evaluation, 1 month after the end of the last treatment, revealed a good partial response in the primary lesion. However, positron emission tomography-computed tomography showed multiple suspicious lesions in his bones and lungs, which were histologically confirmed. He died exactly 2 months after metastatic disease was diagnosed. Conclusions NUT midline carcinoma is usually very aggressive. Currently, there is no standard of care for treatment of NUT midline carcinoma. The definitive diagnosis must be by demonstration of NUTM1 rearrangement. Immunohistochemical staining of greater than 50% of tumor nuclei on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue using the monoclonal rabbit antibody to NUT (clone C52B1), has a specificity of 100%, and sensitivity of 87% for the diagnosis of NUT midline carcinoma. Our case is the first Brazilian case of NUT midline carcinoma with BRD4-NUT fusion.

Published
2019
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9. Case Report: A Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Teenager With Angelman Syndrome

Author

Alessandra G. D. Lopes, Camila S. H. Celestino, Tiago T. A. Barros, Aline G. Fevereiro, Debora H. Gejer, Fernando M. F. Oliveira, Jamile M. Brasil, Rosely M. Bossolan, Gabriela C. C. Pinto, Ana C. E. Z. Santos, Luis A. Divan, Ingrid A. B. Alves, Danielle B. L. Oliveira, Rafael R. G. Machado, Luciano M. Thomazelli, Meire I. Hiyane, Leonília Brelaz-Abreu, Elayne Bragança-Jardim, Letícia B. S. Heinen, Anna C. M. Barrientos, Luciana B. Mau, Niels O. S. Camara, Daniela F. Bueno, and Mariane T. Amano

Subjects
COVID19, SARS-CoV-2, Angelman syndrome, neutralizing antibodies, intensive care unit, inflammation, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Teenagers generally present mild to no symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In the present report, we present the case of a 14-year-old boy with Angelman syndrome (AS) who presented with severe COVID-19 symptoms. He spent 20 days in the ICU with elevated inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein and D-dimer) and increased peaks of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, which is uncommon for teenagers diagnosed with COVID-19. Although he showed physiological instability, he was able to produce neutralizing antibodies, suggesting a functional immune response. The literature concerning the immune response to infections in patients with AS is still poor, and to our knowledge, this was the first report of a patient with AS diagnosed with COVID-19. As such, the present study may alert other patients with AS or other rare diseases that they lack a competent immune response and could suffer severe consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Published
2021
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10. Excitation of Storm Time Pc5 ULF Waves by Ring Current Ions Based on the Drift‐Kinetic Simulation

Author

T. Yamakawa, K. Seki, T. Amano, N. Takahashi, and Y. Miyoshi

Subjects
Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract

Abstract Storm time Pc5 waves are considered to be excited through the drift‐bounce resonance by ring current ions associated with the injection from the magnetotail. Using the Geospace Environment Modeling System for Integrated Studies–Ring Current simulation, a drift‐kinetic and self‐consistent model for ring current particles, we investigate the excitation mechanism of these waves in the inner magnetosphere. The power spectra of electromagnetic field fluctuations show the excitation of both poloidal and toroidal mode waves in Pc5 frequency range. It is found that these waves are fundamental mode waves with the azimuthal wave number m~ − 20 and excited through the drift resonance with the drifting ions with energies of 80–120 keV. The simulation indicates that global distribution of wave power coincides with the positive local growth rate mainly contributed by the positive phase space density gradient in energy.

Published
2019
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11. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry

Author

Jitendra PS. Sawhney, Veerappa A. Kothiwale, Vikas Bisne, Rajashekhar Durgaprasad, Praveen Jadhav, Manoj Chopda, Velam Vanajakshamma, Ramdhan Meena, Govindan Vijayaraghavan, Kamaldeep Chawla, Jagan Allu, Karen S. Pieper, A. John Camm, Ajay K. Kakkar, Jean-Pierre Bassand, David A. Fitzmaurice, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Shinya Goto, Sylvia Haas, Werner Hacke, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Frank Misselwitz, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Martin van Eickels, Freek W.A. Verheugt, Gloria Kayani, Keith A.A. Fox, Bernard J. Gersh, Hector Lucas Luciardi, Harry Gibbs, Marianne Brodmann, Frank Cools, Antonio Carlos Pereira Barretto, Stuart J. Connolly, Alex Spyropoulos, John Eikelboom, Ramon Corbalan, Dayi Hu, Petr Jansky, Jørn Dalsgaard Nielsen, Hany Ragy, Pekka Raatikainen, Jean-Yves Le Heuzey, Harald Darius, Matyas Keltai, Sanjay Kakkar, Jitendra Pal Singh Sawhney, Giancarlo Agnelli, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Yukihiro Koretsune, Carlos Jerjes Sánchez Díaz, Hugo Ten Cate, Dan Atar, Janina Stepinska, Elizaveta Panchenko, Toon Wei Lim, Barry Jacobson, Seil Oh, Xavier Viñolas, Marten Rosenqvist, Jan Steffel, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Ali Oto, Alex Parkhomenko, Wael Al Mahmeed, David Fitzmaurice, D.Y. Hu, K.N. Chen, Y.S. Zhao, H.Q. Zhang, J.Z. Chen, S.P. Cao, D.W. Wang, Y.J. Yang, W.H. Li, Y.H. Yin, G.Z. Tao, P. Yang, Y.M. Chen, S.H. He, Ying Wang, Yong Wang, G.S. Fu, X. Li, T.G. Wu, X.S. Cheng, X.W. Yan, R.P. Zhao, M.S. Chen, L.G. Xiong, P. Chen, Y. Jiao, Y. Guo, L. Xue, F.Z. Wang, H. Li, Z.M. Yang, C.L. Bai, J. Chen, J.Y. Chen, X. Chen, S. Feng, Q.H. Fu, X.J. Gao, W.N. Guo, R.H. He, X.A. He, X.S. Hu, X.F. Huang, B. Li, J. Li, L. Li, Y.H. Li, T.T. Liu, W.L. Liu, Y.Y. Liu, Z.C. Lu, X.L. Luo, T.Y. Ma, J.Q. Peng, X. Sheng, X.J. Shi, Y.H. Sun, G. Tian, K. Wang, L. Wang, R.N. Wu, Q. Xie, R.Y. Xu, J.S. Yang, L.L. Yang, Q. Yang, Y. Ye, H.Y. Yu, J.H. Yu, T. Yu, H. Zhai, Q. Zhan, G.S. Zhang, Q. Zhang, R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, W.Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, Z.H. Zhou, X.Y. Zhu, S. Kakkar, J.P.S. Sawhney, P. Jadhav, R. Durgaprasad, A.G. Ravi Shankar, R.K. Rajput, K. Bhargava, R. Sarma, A. Srinivas, D. Roy, U.M. Nagamalesh, M. Chopda, R. Kishore, G. Kulkarni, P. Chandwani, R.A. Pothiwala, M. Padinhare Purayil, S. Shah, K. Chawla, V.A. Kothiwale, B. Raghuraman, G. Vijayaraghavan, V.M. Vijan, G. Bantwal, V. Bisne, A. Khan, J.B. Gupta, S. Kumar, D. Jain, S. Abraham, D. Adak, A. Barai, H. Begum, P. Bhattacharjee, M. Dargude, D. Davies, B. Deshpande, P. Dhakrao, V. Dhyani, S. Duhan, M. Earath, A. Ganatra, S. Giradkar, V. Jain, R. Karthikeyan, L. Kasala, S. Kaur, S. Krishnappa, A. Lawande, B. Lokesh, N. Madarkar, R. Meena, P. More, D. Naik, K. Prashanth, M. Rao, N.M. Rao, N. Sadhu, D. Shah, M. Sharma, P. Shiva, S. Singhal, S. Suresh, V. Vanajakshamma, S.G. Panse, Y. Koretsune, S. Kanamori, K. Yamamoto, K. Kumagai, Y. Katsuda, K. Sadamatsu, F. Toyota, Y. Mizuno, I. Misumi, H. Noguchi, S. Ando, T. Suetsugu, M. Minamoto, Hiroshi Oda, K. Shiraishi, S. Adachi, K. Chiba, H. Norita, M. Tsuruta, T. Koyanagi, H. Ando, T. Higashi, K. Okada, S. Azakami, S. Komaki, K. Kumeda, T. Murayama, J. Matsumura, Y. Oba, R. Sonoda, K. Goto, K. Minoda, Y. Haraguchi, H. Suefuji, H. Miyagi, H. Kato, Tadashi Nakamura, Tsugihiro Nakamura, H. Nandate, R. Zaitsu, Yoshihisa Fujiura, A. Yoshimura, H. Numata, J. Ogawa, H. Tatematsu, Y. Kamogawa, K. Murakami, Y. Wakasa, M. Yamasawa, H. Maekawa, S. Abe, H. Kihara, S. Tsunoda, Katsumi Saito, Kazuyuki Saito, T. Fudo, K. Obunai, H. Tachibana, I. Oba, T. Kuwahata, S. Higa, M. Gushiken, T. Eto, H. Yoshida, D. Ikeda, Yoshitake Fujiura, M. Ishizawa, M. Nakatsuka, K. Murata, C. Ogurusu, M. Shimoyama, M. Akutsu, I. Takamura, F. Hoshino, N. Yokota, T. Iwao, K. Tsuchida, M. Takeuchi, Y. Hatori, Y. Kitami, Yoichi Nakamura, R. Oyama, M. Ageta, Hiroyuki Oda, Y. Go, K. Mishima, T. Unoki, S. Morii, Yuhei Shiga, H. Sumi, T. Nagatomo, K. Sanno, K. Fujisawa, Y. Atsuchi, T. Nagoshi, T. Seto, T. Tabuchi, M. Kameko, K. Nii, K. Oshiro, H. Takezawa, S. Nagano, N. Miyamoto, M. Iwaki, Yuichiro Nakamura, M. Fujii, M. Okawa, Masahiko Abe, Masatake Abe, Mitsunori Abe, T. Saito, T. Mito, K. Nagao, J. Minami, T. Mita, I. Sakuma, T. Taguchi, S. Marusaki, H. Doi, M. Tanaka, T. Fujito, M. Matsuta, T. Kusumoto, S. Kakinoki, K. Ashida, N. Yoshizawa, J. Agata, O. Arasaki, M. Manita, M. Ikemura, S. Fukuoka, H. Murakami, S. Matsukawa, Y. Hata, T. Taniguchi, T. Ko, H. Kubo, M. Imamaki, M. Akiyama, M. Inagaki, H. Odakura, T. Ueda, Y. Katsube, A. Nakata, H. Watanabe, M. Techigawara, M. Igarashi, K. Taga, T. Kimura, S. Tomimoto, M. Shibuya, M. Nakano, K. Ito, T. Seo, S. Hiramitsu, H. Hosokawa, M. Hoshiai, M. Hibino, K. Miyagawa, Hajime Horie, N. Sugishita, Yukio Shiga, A. Soma, K. Neya, Tetsuro Yoshida, Tomoki Yoshida, M. Mizuguchi, M. Ishiguro, T. Minagawa, M. Wada, H. Mukawa, F. Okuda, S. Nagasaka, Y. Abe, Sen Adachi, Susumu Adachi, T. Adachi, K. Akahane, T. Amano, K. Aoki, T. Aoyama, H. Arai, S. Arima, T. Arino, H. Asano, T. Asano, J. Azuma, T. Baba, T. Betsuyaku, H. Chibana, H. Date, J. Doiuchi, Y. Emura, M. Endo, Y. Fujii, R. Fujiki, A. Fujisawa, Y. Fujisawa, T. Fukuda, T. Fukui, N. Furukawa, T. Furukawa, W. Furumoto, T. Goto, M. Hamaoka, N. Hanazono, K. Hasegawa, T. Hatsuno, Y. Hayashi, K. Higuchi, K. Hirasawa, H. Hirayama, M. Hirose, S. Hirota, M. Honda, Hideki Horie, T. Ido, O. Iiji, H. Ikeda, K. Ikeda, K. Ikeoka, M. Imaizumi, H. Inaba, T. Inoue, F. Iseki, A. Ishihara, N. Ishioka, N. Ito, T. Iwase, H. Kakuda, J. Kamata, H. Kanai, H. Kanda, M. Kaneko, H. Kano, T. Kasai, T. Kato, Y. Kato, Y. Kawada, K. Kawai, K. Kawakami, S. Kawakami, T. Kawamoto, S. Kawano, J. Kim, T. Kira, H. Kitazawa, H. Kitazumi, T. Kito, T. Kobayashi, T. Koeda, J. Kojima, H. Komatsu, I. Komatsu, Y. Koshibu, T. Kotani, T. Kozuka, Y. Kumai, T. Kumazaki, I. Maeda, K. Maeda, Y. Maruyama, S. Matsui, K. Matsushita, Y. Matsuura, K. Mineoi, H. Mitsuhashi, N. Miura, S. Miyaguchi, S. Miyajima, H. Miyamoto, A. Miyashita, S. Miyata, I. Mizuguchi, A. Mizuno, T. Mori, O. Moriai, K. Morishita, O. Murai, Sho Nagai, Shunichi Nagai, E. Nagata, H. Nagata, A. Nakagomi, S. Nakahara, M. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, N. Nakanishi, T. Nakayama, R. Nakazato, T. Nanke, J. Nariyama, Y. Niijima, H. Niinuma, Y. Nishida, Y. Nishihata, K. Nishino, H. Nishioka, K. Nishizawa, I. Niwa, K. Nomura, S. Nomura, M. Nozoe, T. Ogawa, N. Ohara, M. Okada, K. Okamoto, H. Okita, M. Okuyama, H. Ono, T. Ono, Y. Onuki Pearce, S. Oriso, A. Ota, E. Otaki, Y. Saito, H. Sakai, N. Sakamoto, Y. Sakamoto, Y. Samejima, Y. Sasagawa, H. Sasaguri, A. Sasaki, T. Sasaki, Kazuki Sato, Kiyoharu Sato, M. Sawano, S. Seki, Y. Sekine, Y. Seta, K. Sezaki, N. Shibata, Y. Shiina, H. Shimono, Y. Shimoyama, T. Shindo, H. Shinohara, R. Shinohe, T. Shinozuka, T. Shirai, T. Shiraiwa, Y. Shozawa, T. Suga, C. Sugimoto, Kazuo Suzuki, Keita Suzuki, Shu Suzuki, Shunji Suzuki, Susumu Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, M. Tada, A. Taguchi, T. Takagi, Y. Takagi, K. Takahashi, S. Takahashi, H. Takai, C. Takanaka, S. Take, H. Takeda, K. Takei, K. Takenaka, T. Tana, G. Tanabe, K. Taya, H. Teragawa, S. Tohyo, S. Toru, Y. Tsuchiya, T. Tsuji, K. Tsuzaki, H. Uchiyama, O. Ueda, Y. Ueyama, N. Wakaki, T. Wakiyama, T. Washizuka, M. Watanabe, T. Yamada, T. Yamagishi, H. Yamaguchi, Kenichi Yamamoto, Kentaro Yamamoto, Kunihiko Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, M. Yamaura, M. Yamazoe, K. Yasui, Y. Yokoyama, K. Yoshida, T.W. Lim, C.K. Ching, C.G. Foo, J.H. Chow, D.D. Chen, F.R. Jaufeerally, Y.M. Lee, G. Lim, W.T. Lim, S. Thng, S.Y. Yap, C. Yeo, S. Oh, H.N. Pak, J.-B. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.-W. Jang, D.H. Kim, D.R. Ryu, S.W. Park, D.-K. Kim, D.J. Choi, Y.S. Oh, M.-C. Cho, S.-H. Kim, H.-K. Jeon, D.-G. 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Vorster, A. Waldman, L. Wallis, E. Wilford, K. Wong, S.J. Connolly, A. Spyropoulos, J. Eikelboom, R. Luton, M. Gupta, A.S. Pandey, S. Cheung, R. Leader, P. Beaudry, F. Ayala-Paredes, J. Berlingieri, J. Heath, G. Poirier, M. Du Preez, R. Nadeau, G. Dresser, R. Dhillon, T. Hruczkowski, B. Schweitzer, B. Coutu, P. Angaran, P. MacDonald, S. Vizel, S. Fikry, R. Parkash, A. Lavoie, J. Cha, B. Ramjattan, J. Bonet, K. Ahmad, L. Aro, T. Aves, K. Beaudry, C. Bergeron, J. Bigcanoe, N. Bignell, L. Breakwell, E. Burke, L. Carroll, B. Clarke, T. Cleveland, S. Daheb, P. Dehghani, I. Denis, Z. Djaidani, P. Dorian, S. Douglass, J. Dunnigan, A. Ewert, D. Farquhar, A. Fearon, L. Ferleyko, D. Fournier, B. Fox, M.-C. Grenier, W. Gulliver, K. Haveman, C. Hines, K. Hines, A.M. Jackson, C. Jean, G. Jethoo, R. Kahlon, S. Kelly, R. Kim, V. Korley, J. Kornder, L. Kwan, J. Largy, C. Lewis, S. Lewis, I. Mangat, R. Moor, J. Navratil, I. Neas, J. Otis, R. Otis, M. Pandey, F. Petrie, A. Pinter, M. Raines, P. Roberts, M. Robinson, G. Sas, S. Schulman, L. Snell, S. Spearson, J. Stevenson, T. Trahey, S. Wong, D. Wright, H. Ragy, A. Abd El-Aziz, S.K. Abou Seif, M.G. El Din, S. El Etriby, A. Elbahry, A. El-Etreby, M. Elkhadem, A. Katta, T. Khairy, A. Mowafy, M. Nawar, A. Ohanissian, A. Reda, M. Reda, H. Salem, N. Sami, S. Samir, M. Setiha, M. Sobhy, A. Soliman, N. Taha, M. Tawfik, E. Zaatout, D. Kettles, J. Bayat, H. Siebert, A. Horak, Y. Kelfkens, R. Garda, T. Pillay, M. Guerra, L. van Zyl, H. Theron, A. Murray, R. Louw, D. Greyling, P. Mntla, V. Ueckermann, R. Loghdey, S. Ismail, F. Ahmed, J. Engelbrecht, A. Ramdass, S. Maharajh, W. Oosthuysen, G. Angel, C. Bester, M. Booysen, C. Boshoff, C. Cannon, S. Cassimjee, C. Chami, G. Conway, A. Davids, L. de Meyer, G. Du Plessis, T. Ellis, L. Henley, M. Karsten, E. Loyd, J. Marks, L. Mavhusa, M. Mostert, A. Page, L. Rikhotso, M. Salie, J. Sasto, F. Shaik, A. Skein, L. Smith, G. Tarr, T. Tau, F. van Zyl, W. Al Mahmeed, G. Yousef, A. Agrawal, M. Nathani, M. Ibrahim, E.M. Esheiba, R. Singh, A. Naguib, M. Abu-Mahfouz, M. Al Omairi, A. Al Naeemi, R. Maruthanayagam, N. Bazargani, A. Wassef, R. Gupta, M. Khan, B. Subbaraman, A. Abdul, A. Al Mulla, S. El Bardisy, P. Haridas, S. Jadhav, K. Magdaluyo, M. Makdad, I. Maqsood, R. Mohamed, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, M. Thanzeel, S.Z. Goldhaber, R. Canosa, P. Rama, E. Blumberg, J. Garcia, P. Mullen, V. Wilson, A. Quick, K. Ferrick, W.M. Kutayli, M. Cox, M. Franco, S. Falkowski, R. Mendelson, M. Williams, S. Miller, S. Beach, A. Alfieri, T. Gutowski, I. Haque, R. Reddy, W. Ahmed, P. Delafontaine, D. Diercks, D. Theodoro, K. Remmel, M. Alberts, R. Ison, H. Noveck, P. Duffy, S. Pitta, D. Nishijima, C. Treasure, N. Asafu-Adjaye, K. Ball, M. Bartlett, M. Bentley, S. Bowers, A. Brown, A. Browne, J. Cameron-Watts, M. Canova, D. Cassidy, K. Cervellione, S. Congal, J. DePauw, A. Dickerson, M. Eley, L. Evans, S. Felpel, K. Ferdinand, D. Fielder, P. Gentry, A. Haideri, F. Hakimi, T. Harbour, E. Hartranft, B. Hawkins, M. Headlee, L. Henson, C. Herrick, T. Hicks, S. Jasinski, A. Jones, L. Jones, P. Jones, S. Karl, M. Keeling, J. Kerr, P. Knowles, J. Langdon, M. Lay, J.A. Lee, T. Lincoln, E. Malone, A. Merliss, D. Merritt, J. Minardo, B. Mooso, C. Orosco, V. Palumbo, M. Parker, T. Parrott, S. Paserchia, G. Pearl, J. Peterson, N. Pickelsimer, T. Purcell, J. Raynor, S. Raziano, C. Richard, T. Richardson, C. Robertson, A. Sage, T. Sanghera, P. Shaw, J. Shoemaker, K. Smith, B. Stephanie, A. Thatcher, H. Theobald, N. Thompson, L. Treasure, T. Tripti, C. Verdi, and V. Worthy

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. Methods and results: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012–2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P

Published
2018
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12. Suspected Germline TP53 Variants and Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential: Lessons Learned From a Molecular Tumor Board

Author

Camila B Xavier, Rudinei Link, Leonília Abreu, Fabiana Bettoni, Fabiane Marson, Pedro A F Galante, Cibele Masotti, Mariane T Amano, Vinicius de Molla, Anamaria A Camargo, Paula F Asprino, and Jorge Sabbaga

Subjects
Cancer Research, Oncology
Abstract

Objective Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a pan-cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline pathogenic variants in the gene TP53. The interpretation of TP53 variants in clinical scenarios outside the classic LFS criteria may be challenging. Here, we report a patient affected by 2 primary cancers at later ages, who harbored a likely pathogenic TP53 at low allele frequency detected in a blood sample. Methods The Molecular Tumor Board committee at our institution revisited the case of a patient who was enrolled in a research protocol for the investigation of genetic conditions associated with neuroendocrine tumors. Clinical, familial, and molecular data were reviewed. The patient received germline testing using a next generation sequencing multi-gene panel and was incidentally found to harbor a TP53 likely pathogenic variant, with 22% of variant allele fraction. Additional samples, including a second blood sample, oral swab, and saliva, were collected for DNA analysis. A new TP53 sequencing round was performed with the attempt to distinguish between a true constitutional germline variant and a somatically acquired variant due to aberrant clonal expansion of bone marrow precursors. Results Patient’s personal and familial history of cancer did not meet classic nor Chompret LFS criteria. Environmental risk factors for cancer were identified, such as alcohol abuse and tobacco exposure. The TP53 variant initially found in the next-generation sequencing was confirmed by Sanger sequencing in the previous DNA sample extracted from blood for the first analysis and in a second blood sample collected 6 years later. The TP53 variant was not detected in the DNA extracted from the oral swab and saliva samples. Conclusion Considering the low TP53 variant allele fraction in blood, absence of variant detection in oral swab and saliva samples, the lack of LFS clinical criteria, and history of exposure to environmental risk factors for cancer, the main hypothesis for this case was aberrant clonal expansion due to clonal hematopoiesis. Oncologists should interpret TP53 findings during germline testing with caution.

Published
2023
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13. Role of Murine Complement Component C5 in Acute in Vivo Infection by Pathogenic Leptospira interrogans

Author

Íris A. de Castro, Lorena Bavia, Tatiana R. Fraga, Mariane T. Amano, Leandro C. D. Breda, Adriana P. Granados-Martinez, Ana M. G. da Silva, Silvio A. Vasconcellos, and Lourdes Isaac

Subjects
Complement System, C5, Leptospira, leptospirosis, murine model, inflammation, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Leptospirosis is considered one of the most important zoonosis worldwide. The activation of the Complement System is important to control dissemination of several pathogens in the host. Only a few studies have employed murine models to investigate leptospiral infection and our aim in this work was to investigate the role of murine C5 during in vivo infection, comparing wild type C57BL/6 (B6 C5+/+) and congenic C57BL/6 (B6 C5−/−, C5 deficient) mice during the first days of infection. All animals from both groups survived for at least 8 days post-infection with pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Fromm (LPF). At the third day of infection, we observed greater numbers of LPF in the liver of B6 C5−/− mice when compared to B6 C5+/+ mice. Later, on the sixth day of infection, the LPF population fell to undetectable levels in the livers of both groups of mice. On the third day, the inflammatory score was higher in the liver of B6 C5+/+ mice than in B6 C5−/− mice, and returned to normal on the sixth day of infection in both groups. No significant histopathological differences were observed in the lung, kidney and spleen from both infected B6 C5+/+ than B6 C5−/− mice. Likewise, the total number of circulating leukocytes was not affected by the absence of C5. The liver levels of IL-10 on the sixth day of infection was lower in the absence of C5 when compared to wild type mice. No significant differences were observed in the levels of several inflammatory cytokines when B6 C5+/+ and B6 C5−/− were compared. In conclusion, C5 may contribute to the direct killing of LPF in the first days of infection in C57BL/6 mice. On the other hand, other effector immune mechanisms probably compensate Complement impairment since the mice survival was not affected by the absence of C5 and its activated fragments, at least in the early stage of this infection.

Published
2018
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14. Language Barriers in Organismal Biology: What Can Journals Do Better?

Author

B Nolde-Lopez, J Bundus, H Arenas-Castro, D Román, S Chowdhury, T Amano, V Berdejo-Espinola, and S M Wadgymar

Subjects
Animal Science and Zoology, Plant Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

SynopsisIn the field of organismal biology, as in much of academia, there is a strong incentive to publish in internationally recognized, highly regarded, English-language journals to promote career advancement. This expectation has created a linguistic hegemony in scientific publishing, whereby scholars for whom English is an additional language face additional barriers to achieving the same scientific recognition as scholars who speak English as a first language. Here, we surveyed the author guidelines of 230 journals in organismal biology with impact factors of 1.5 or greater for linguistically inclusive and equitable practices and policies. We looked for efforts that reflect first steps toward reducing barriers to publication for authors globally, including the presence of statements that encouraged submissions from authors of diverse nationalities and backgrounds, policies regarding manuscript rejection based on perceived inadequacies of the English language, the existence of bias-conscious reviewer practices, whether translation and editing resources or services are available, allowance for non-English abstracts, summaries, or translations, and whether journals offer license options that would permit authors (or other scholars) to translate their work and publish it elsewhere. We also directly contacted a subset of journals to verify whether the information on their author guidelines page accurately reflects their policies and the accommodations they would make. We reveal that journals and publishers have made little progress toward beginning to recognize or reduce language barriers. Counter to our predictions, journals associated with scientific societies did not appear to have more inclusive policies compared to non-society journals. Many policies lacked transparency and clarity, which can generate uncertainty, result in avoidable manuscript rejections, and necessitate additional time and effort from both prospective authors and journal editors. We highlight examples of equitable policies and summarize actions that journals can take to begin to alleviate barriers to scientific publishing.

Published
2023
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15. Rivaroxaban Monotherapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Stenting

Author

Tetsuya Matoba, Satoshi Yasuda, Koichi Kaikita, Masaharu Akao, Junya Ako, Masato Nakamura, Katsumi Miyauchi, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Kazuo Kimura, Atsushi Hirayama, Kunihiko Matsui, Hisao Ogawa, Yukihiro Koretsune, Takafumi Hiro, Tetsuya Sumiyoshi, Kazumi Kimura, Yoichiro Hashimoto, Teruyuki Hirano, Hiroyuki Daida, Yasushi Okada, Tsutomu Yamazaki, A. Nakamura, E. Tamiya, T. Yamamoto, S. Suetake, T. Noguchi, S. Nakamura, A. Matsumura, J. Kojima, S. Suwa, H. Yamaguchi, K. Kaikita, T. Yasu, A. Nakajima, T. Yamada, H. Arai, Y. Hata, T. Sakanashi, H. Tateishi, T. Nakayama, Y. Nozaki, M. Akao, Y. Okumura, M. Tokue, N. Kuroki, Y. Maruyama, T. Matoba, N. Hagiwara, H. Suzuki, Y. Nishida, M. Ajioka, K. Yumoto, S. Shimizu, T. Aoyama, H. Shimomura, T. Takeda, K. Oshiro, N. Sugishita, Y. Shibata, T. Otonari, H. Kihara, H. Ogawa, A. Ohno, M. Hazama, M. Shimizu, K. Tsukahara, S. Haruta, T. Wakeyama, T. Haruna, M. Ito, K. Fujii, N. Atsuchi, M. Sata, K. Kimura, N. Hasebe, Y. Kobayasi, K. Ohsato, K. Hironaga, Y. Naganuma, K. Anzaki, K. Oiwa, S. Okazaki, Y. Nakagawa, K. Tokuhiro, K. Tanaka, T. Momose, Y. Fukushima, R. Kametani, K. Kawamitsu, Y. Saito, S. Akashi, K. Kumagai, K. Eshima, T. Tobaru, T. Seo, K. Okuhara, K. Kozuma, Y. Ikari, T. Takahashi, I. Michishita, H. Fujikura, S. Momomura, Y. Yamamoto, K. Otomo, T. Matsubara, H. Tashiro, T. Inoue, M. Ishihara, I. Shiojima, E. Tachibana, J. Ako, K. Sumii, N. Yamamoto, N. Ohmura, T. Nakamura, Y. Morita, N. Takahashi, K. Watanabe, H. Fujinaga, M. Maruyama, T. Oka, T. Shirayama, T. Amano, K. Fukui, K. Ando, S. Oshima, S. Kagiyama, H. Teragawa, M. Yuge, S. Ono, T. Koga, K. Fujiu, M. Kuwabara, Y. Ohya, Y. Yumoto, N. Kuji, M. Ikemura, K. Kario, K. Chatani, K. Sato, H. Miyagi, M. Murakami, K. Saito, M. Hoshiga, S. Sato, N. Kubo, Y. Sakamoto, K. Ashida, H. Sakamoto, S. Murasaki, H. Uehara, T. Akasaka, Y. Ooba, S. Nakahara, Y. Hanaoka, T. Nishimiya, R. Tsunoda, Y. Onuma, S. Higuchi, A. Tani, A. Wada, M. Kato, H. Obata, Y. Higuchi, T. Endo, R. Katou, T. Matsunaga, T. Matsuoka, H. Noguchi, M. Usui, T. Hayashi, Y. Otsuji, T. Osaki, H. Zaizen, H. Yoshihara, K. Kadota, T. Hirose, T. Miyazawa, A. Mori, M. Takano, W. Shimizu, M. Wake, S. Oriso, M. Yoshiyama, S. Kakinoki, T. Nishioka, T. Ozaki, K. Nomoto, K. Seki, K. Kawai, Y. Ozaki, S. Miura, M. Kawasaki, R. Funada, K. Dote, T. Nagano, S. Okamoto, T. Kubo, Y. Murozono, T. Owada, T. Doke, T. Matsumura, M. Horiuchi, A. Takaishi, M. Yamamoto, H. Nakashima, M. Munemasa, Y. Sakata, N. Inoue, T. Ota, Y. Hamano, N. Abe, T. Tsubokura, M. Goto, I. Kubota, M. Yano, K. Umetani, T. Date, H. Morimoto, T. Noda, S. Goto, K. Hibi, A. Nakano, S. Hiramitsu, Y. Kihara, M. Sugi, N. Shiba, D. Izumi, T. Sato, S. Tayama, T. Matsui, A. Suzuki, K. Ajiki, M. Oishi, M. Kiryu, T. Ko, H. Ando, S. Miyazaki, T. Kinugawa, H. Otake, H. Kitaoka, Y. Hirata, S. Honda, M. Manita, Y. Ishii, H. Oka, Y. Nanba, M. Nishino, T. Sakamoto, T. Saito, H. Sakai, M. Ichikawa, S. Namiuchi, K. Inoue, N. Komiyama, Y. Akashi, Y. Nakamura, T. Komaru, T. Hosokawa, T. Chikamori, H. Tanaka, O. Arasaki, K. Aonuma, Y. Wakasa, T. Yoshizawa, T. Sugano, N. Yokota, A. Kakutani, T. Suzuki, Y. Abe, T. Kataoka, H. Okayama, H. Yokoi, K. Chin, K. Hasegawa, H. Tomita, H. Honzyo, H. Kawai, K. Yamamoto, Y. Morino, S. Tsujiyama, S. Hamasaki, Y. Niijima, Y. Mizuno, A. Maki, K. Tanabe, T. Murohara, S. Naomi, M. Arikawa, T. Kato, N. Matsumoto, T. Minamino, H. Sairenji, N. Miyamoto, H. Ito, Y. Matsuura, S. Hata, Y. Nakatsu, T. Onodera, M. Yoshimura, H. Amano, E. Tokutake, M. Kasao, M. Moriguchi, M. Tsuji, H. Yamamoto, Y. Yanbe, T. Iwasawa, M. Suzuki, and H. Mori

Subjects
Rivaroxaban, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Unstable angina, medicine.medical_treatment, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Atrial fibrillation, medicine.disease, Thrombosis, Coronary artery disease, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial infarction, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objectives The aim of this AFIRE (Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Events With Rivaroxaban in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease) trial subgroup analysis was to examine rivaroxaban monotherapy benefits and their relation to the time between stenting and enrollment among patients after coronary stenting. Background Of 2,215 patients with atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease in the AFIRE trial, rivaroxaban monotherapy was noninferior to rivaroxaban plus antiplatelet therapy (combination therapy) in terms of efficacy and superior for safety endpoints. However, thrombotic risk after antiplatelet therapy cessation remained a concern among 1,444 patients who had undergone coronary stenting >1 year before enrollment. Methods The benefits of rivaroxaban monotherapy in coronary stenting subgroups were assessed for efficacy (a composite of stroke, systemic embolism, myocardial infarction, unstable angina requiring revascularization, or death of any cause), safety (major bleeding defined according to International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis criteria), ischemic endpoints, net adverse clinical event, and time between stenting and enrollment. Results Efficacy and safety endpoints for monotherapy were superior to combination therapy, with HRs of 0.70 for efficacy (95% CI: 0.50-0.98; P = 0.036) and 0.55 for safety (95% CI: 0.33-0.92; P = 0.019). For ischemic endpoints, the HR was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.58-1.15; P = 0.240). The HR became smaller with longer time between stenting and enrollment (efficacy, P for interaction = 0.158; safety, P = 0.097). Conclusions In patients with atrial fibrillation after coronary stenting, the benefits of rivaroxaban monotherapy for efficacy and safety endpoints were consistent with those in the whole AFIRE trial population. The benefits became apparent with longer time between stenting and enrollment. (Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Events With Rivaroxaban in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease Study [AFIRE]; UMIN000016612 , NCT02642419 )

Published
2021
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16. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Microvesicles Regulate an Internal Pro-Inflammatory Program in Activated Macrophages

Author

Juan S. Henao Agudelo, Tarcio T. Braga, Mariane T. Amano, Marcos A. Cenedeze, Regiane A. Cavinato, Amandda R. Peixoto-Santos, Marcelo N. Muscará, Simone A. Teixeira, Mario C. Cruz, Angela Castoldi, Rita Sinigaglia-Coimbra, Alvaro Pacheco-Silva, Danilo C. de Almeida, and Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara

Subjects
mesenchymal stromal cells, microvesicles, macrophages, immunomodulation, acute peritonitis, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with abilities to exert immunosuppressive response promoting tissue repair. Studies have shown that MSCs can secrete extracellular vesicles (MVs-MSCs) with similar regulatory functions to the parental cells. Furthermore, strong evidence suggesting that MVs-MSCs can modulate several immune cells (i.e., Th1, Th17, and Foxp3+ T cells). However, their precise effect on macrophages (Mϕs) remains unexplored. We investigated the immunoregulatory effect of MVs-MSCs on activated M1-Mϕs in vitro and in vivo using differentiated bone marrow Mϕs and an acute experimental model of thioglycollate-induced peritonitis, respectively. We observed that MVs-MSCs shared surface molecules with MSCs (CD44, CD105, CD90, CD73) and expressed classical microvesicle markers (Annexin V and CD9). The in vitro treatment with MVs-MSCs exerted a regulatory-like phenotype in M1-Mϕs, which showed higher CD206 level and reduced CCR7 expression. This was associated with decreased levels of inflammatory molecules (IL-1β, IL-6, nitric oxide) and increased immunoregulatory markers (IL-10 and Arginase) in M1-Mϕs. In addition, we detected that MVs-MSCs promoted the downregulation of inflammatory miRNAs (miR-155 and miR-21), as well as, upregulated its predicted target gene SOCS3 in activated M1-Mϕs. In vivo MVs-MSCs treatment reduced the Mϕs infiltrate in the peritoneal cavity inducing a M2-like regulatory phenotype in peritoneal Mϕs (higher arginase activity and reduced expression of CD86, iNOS, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-6 molecules). This in vivo immunomodulatory effect of MVs-MSCs on M1-Mϕs was partially associated with the upregulation of CX3CR1 in F4/80+/Ly6C+/CCR2+ Mϕs subsets. In summary, our findings indicate that MVs-MSCs can modulate an internal program in activated Mϕs establishing an alternative regulatory-like phenotype.

Published
2017
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17. Cardiopulmonary arrest and in-hospital outcomes in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: insights from the Japanese nationwide registry

Author

H Ando, K Yamaji, S Kohsaka, H Ishii, K Sakakura, R Goto, Y Nakano, H Takashima, Y Ikari, and T Amano

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Background Cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is the most serious presentation of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the frequency and prognostic impact of CPA in young patients with AMI have been still unclear. Objectives This study aimed to characterize AMI in young patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention using large-scale nationwide all-comer registry data in Japan (J-PCI registry). Methods Data on risk factor profiles, clinical features, post-procedural complications, and in-hospital outcomes were reviewed within the J-PCI registry between 2014 and 2018. Results Among 213,297 patients with AMI, 23,985 (11.2%) were young (age, 20–49 years). Compared with the older group (age, 50–79 years; n=189,312), the young group included a higher number of men, smokers, patients with dyslipidemia, and patients with single-vessel disease, and a lower number of patients with hypertension and diabetes. Despite favorable clinical profiles, younger age was associated with a higher rate of presentation with CPA (Figure 1). Further, concomitant CPA was strongly associated with in-hospital mortality in the young group (Table 1). Conclusions Young patients with AMI presented a higher risk of CPA than older patients, which was strongly associated with in-hospital mortality. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): JSPS KAKENHI

Published
2022
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18. Petahertz non-linear current in a centrosymmetric organic superconductor

Author

Kaoru Yamamoto, T. Amano, Haruhiko Ohashi, H. Itoh, Hideo Kishida, Kenji Yonemitsu, G. Kawaguchi, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Takahiko Sasaki, Yuto Nakamura, Shinichiro Iwai, Y. Kawakami, and Sumio Ishihara

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Nonlinear optics, Attosecond, Science, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Organic superconductor, High harmonic generation, lcsh:Science, Physics, Superconductivity, Multidisciplinary, Condensed matter physics, Oscillation, Second-harmonic generation, General Chemistry, Organic molecules in materials science, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 030104 developmental biology, Femtosecond, High-harmonic generation, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Charge acceleration during an intense light field application to solids attracts much attention as elementary processes in high-harmonic generation and photoelectron emission. For manipulating such attosecond dynamics of charge, carrier-envelope-phase (CEP: relative phase between carrier oscillation of light field and its envelope function) control has been employed in insulators, nanometal and graphene. In superconducting materials, collective control of charge motion is expected because of its strongly coherent nature of quasi-particles. Here we report that, in a layered organic superconductor, a non-linear petahertz current driven by a single-cycle 6 femtosecond near infrared field shows up as second harmonic generation (SHG), which is in contrast to the common belief that even harmonics are forbidden in the centrosymmetric system. The SHG represents a CEP sensitive nature and an enhancement near the superconducting temperature. The result and its quantum many-body analysis indicate that a polarized current is induced by non-linear acceleration of charge, which is amplified by superconducting fluctuations. This will lead to petahertz functions of superconductors and of strongly correlated systems., Here the authors show second harmonic generation (SHG) from a centrosymmetric organic superconductor κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br. They find unusual temperature dependence and CEP-sensitive nature of the SHG which are explained in terms of nonlinear current.

Published
2020

20. Variation in in-hospital mortality and its association with procedure-related bleeding complications: a report from nationwide percutaneous coronary intervention registry in japan

Author

Y Sawayama, K Yamaji, S Kohsaka, T Yamamoto, Y Higo, Y Numasawa, T Inohara, H Ishii, T Amano, Y Ikari, and Y Nakagawa

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Background Large-scale registries have demonstrated that in-hospital mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) varies widely across institutions; however, the underlying reasons are not fully understood. Bleeding has been regarded as one of the most serious PCI-related complications associated with increase in mortality. To date, reducing bleeding complications have tended to be addressed, though appropriate care for patients who developed bleeding complications may be also important. Therefore, we sought to investigate which was more involved in the inter-institutional variations in in-hospital mortality. Methods We analyzed 388,866 procedures at 718 hospitals performed from 2017 to 2018, using data from a representative nationwide PCI registry in Japan. A bleeding complication was defined as post-procedural bleeding that required a blood transfusion. We first divided the hospitals into quintiles according to their risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality (very low, low, medium, high, and very high). Then, the bleeding complication rate and in-hospital mortality rate among patients who developed bleeding complications were calculated for each quintile. Results In total, 4,048 (1.04%) in-hospital deaths and 1,535 (0.39%) bleeding complications occurred. In-hospital mortality varied widely from 0.22% to 2.46% in very-low- to very-high-mortality hospitals. The bleeding complication rate also increased modestly from 0.27% to 0.57% (odds ratio, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.58–2.39). However, the mortality rate among patients who developed bleeding complications markedly increased by quintile; the mortality rate of very-high-morality hospitals was 6-fold higher than that of very-low-mortality hospitals (29.0% vs. 4.8%, respectively; odds ratio, 12.2; 95% confidence interval, 6.9–21.7). Conclusions Wide variation in in-hospital mortality was observed within the Japanese nationwide PCI registry, and this variation was largely driven by differences in mortality among patients with bleeding complications, rather than crude incidence of bleeding complications. These results underscore the importance of efforts toward reducing not only bleeding complications but also, even more importantly, mortality once bleeding has occurred. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Published
2021
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21. Differential impact of renal function on the diagnostic performance of resting full-cycle ratio as non-hyperemic physiological assessment

Author

H Ohashi, H Takashima, T Nawano, H Ando, Y Nakano, S Sakurai, A Suzuki, W Suzuki, and T Amano

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Background Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a gold standard method to evaluate functional lesion severity in daily clinical practice. Recently, the resting full-cycle ratio (RFR) was Previous studies showed the better diagnostic performance of RFR comparing with FFR. It is well known that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have poor prognosis. Therefore, we should carefully assess the functional lesion severity in CKD patients. However, it is unclear whether the diagnostic performance of RFR for detecting functional ischemia is similar regardless of the degree of renal function. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic performance of RFR based on renal function. Method This study was a prospectively enrolled observational study. A total of 265 consecutive patients with 373 intermediate lesions were enrolled in this study. There were classified into three groups according to renal function (Group 1: eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73m2; Group 2: 30 mL/min/1.73m2 ≤eGFR Results Of 373 lesions, the median age was 70.1±11.0 years. Functional significance was observed in 153 lesions (41.0%) of all lesions. RFR showed a significant correlation with FFR in each group (Group 1; r2=0.63 [p Conclusion The diagnostic performance of RFR was different based on renal function. During RFR acquisition, the degree of renal function could influence concordance with FFR, and should be taken into account when interpreting RFR. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Published
2021
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22. Comment on 'Linear and bent triatomic molecules are not qualitatively different!'

Author

T. Amano

Subjects
Physics, Basis (linear algebra), Quantum mechanics, Triatomic molecule, Bent molecular geometry, General Physics and Astronomy, Linear molecular geometry, Expectation value
Abstract

Jensen (Can. J. Phys. 98, 506 (2020). doi: 10.1139/cjp-2019-0395 ) presents theoretical justification for the claim that linear triatomic molecules are necessarily observed to be bent. The basis of the assertion is that the expectation value of the supplement of the bending angle, [Formula: see text] used in Jensen’s paper, is calculated to be positive. In this comment, we examine the interpretation of the expectation values of [Formula: see text] in stationary states, and indicate that Jensen’s claim contradicts a basic principle of quantum mechanics that the energy and geometrical variables cannot have definite values at the same time.

Published
2021
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23. COVID-19 convalescent plasma cohort study: Evaluation of the association between both donor and recipient neutralizing antibody titers and patient outcomes

Author

Roberto Kalil Filho, Ana Paula H. Yokoyama, Edison Luiz Durigon, Rafael Rahal Guaragna Machado, Luiz Vicente Rizzo, Araci M. Sakashita, Luiz F. L. Reis, Danielle Bastos Araujo, Laerte Pastore, Roberta Fachini, Carolina Bonet-Bub, Fernando Blumm, M. Assuncao, Victor Nudelman, Mariane T. Amano, Alexandre R Marra, Rita Fontão-Wendel, Valeria F. Dutra, Jose Mauro Kutner, Anamaria A. Camargo, Ana Paula F. Dametto, Alfredo Salim Helito, João Renato Rebello Pinho, Esper G. Kallas, Patricia Scuracchio, Nelson Hamerschlak, Ruth Achkar, Silvano Wendel, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho, Gabriela Candelaria, and Mirian Dal Ben

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Immunology, convalescent plasma transfusion, Blood Donors, Antibodies, Viral, SARS‐CoV‐2, law.invention, Cohort Studies, law, COVID‐19, Internal medicine, ABO blood group system, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, neutralizing antibodies, Prospective cohort study, Neutralizing antibody, skin and connective tissue diseases, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, biology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Transfusion Medicine, Immunization, Passive, COVID-19, Hematology, Middle Aged, Intensive care unit, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Titer, biology.protein, Female, Antibody, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Background Current evidence regarding COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) transfusion practices is limited and heterogeneous. We aimed to determine the impact of the use of CCP transfusion in patients with previous circulating neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in COVID‐19. Methods Prospective cohort including 102 patients with COVID‐19 transfused with ABO compatible CCP on days 0–2 after enrollment. Clinical status of patients was assessed using the adapted World Health Organization (WHO) ordinal scale on days 0, 5, and 14. The nAbs titration was performed using the cytopathic effect‐based virus neutralization test with SARS‐CoV‐2 (GenBank MT126808.1). The primary outcome was clinical improvement on day 14, defined as a reduction of at least two points on the adapted WHO ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were the number of intensive care unit (ICU)‐free days and the number of invasive mechanical ventilation‐free days. Results Both nAbs of CCP units transfused (p

Published
2021

24. Impact of Convalescent Plasma Transfusion (CCP) In Patients With Previous Circulating Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to COVID-19

Author

Ana Paula F. Dametto, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho, Ruth Achkar, Rita Fontão-Wendel, Alexandre R Marra, Edison Luiz Durigon, Gabriela Candelaria, Valeria F. Dutra, Mirian Dal Ben, Alfredo Salim Helito, Mariane T. Amano, Victor Nudelman, Luiz F. L. Reis, Danielle Bastos Araujo, Silvano Wendel, Araci M. Sakashita, Fernando Blumm, Rafael Rahal Guaragna Machado, Anamaria A. Camargo, Patricia Scuracchio, Roberta Fachini, M. Assuncao, Carolina Bonet-Bub, João Renato Rebello Pinho, Jose Mauro Kutner, Ana Paula Hitomi Yokoyama, Esper G. Kallas, Laerte Pastore, Luiz Vicente Rizzo, Roberto Kalil Filho, and Nelson Hamerschlak

Subjects
Mechanical ventilation, medicine.medical_specialty, Convalescent plasma, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), biology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Logistic regression, Pneumonia, Titer, Internal medicine, ABO blood group system, medicine, biology.protein, Antibody, business
Abstract

INTRODUCTIONCOVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) transfusion has emerged in the past months as an alternative approach to treat pneumonia cases of SARS-CoV-2. Current evidence regarding characteristics of the plasma product, the titer of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in the transfused units, time to onset of intervention, and impact of nAbs produced by the patient are limited and heterogeneous.MATERIAL AND METHODSWe describe the preliminary results of 104 patients with severe pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2 transfused with CCP at three medical centers in Brazil. All enrolled patients were transfused with doses between 200 mL through 600mL of ABO compatible CCP on days 0-2 after enrolment. Clinical parameters were monitored and nAbs titration was performed using the cytopathic effect-based virus neutralization test with SARS-CoV-2 (GenBankMT126808.1).RESULTSForty-one patients achieved clinical improvement on day 14, and multivariable logistic regression showed that nAbs T (from CCP units transfused) (p= 0.001), nAbs P0 (on day of enrolment) (p=0.009) and use of other supportive therapies (pDISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONDespite the study limitations, our data have shown an association between patients’ previously acquired nAbs and clinical outcomes. The potential value of timely administration of CCP transfusion before day 10 of disease onset was demonstrated and nAbsP0, but not nAbsT, were associated with ICU LOS, and duration of mechanical ventilation on the improvement of clinical outcomes was also demonstrated. In conclusion, we consider these data are useful parameters to guide future CPP transfusion strategies to COVID-19.

Published
2020
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25. 095 The Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity is a Predictive Factor for Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Author

T Amano, T Takasawa, Y Shizukuda, and T Imao

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine, Urology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Abstract

Introduction Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5 inhibitors induce relaxation of endothelial cells. Tadalafil, one of PDE 5 inhibitors, has been applied for the treatments of erectile dysfunction (ED) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Under continuous treatments with PDE 5 inhibitor for BPH, it is significant to investigate the relationship between endothelial and sexual functions by comparing the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).and the sexual health inventory for men (SHIM) score. Objectives Total 89 BPH patients who consulted our clinic with a complaint of urinary symptoms were enrolled in this prospective study. They were treated with a daily dose of 5mg tadalafil. Methods The Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved this clinical study and informed consents had been obtained from 89 BPH patients. Their vessels endothelial function was assessed by baPWV and erectile function was evaluated by SHIM score. International prostate symptom score (IPSS) was obtained as male lower urinary symptoms (LUTS) parameters. However, we focused on the relationship between vessels endothelial and erectile function in this sub-analysis report. Therefore, the SHIM scores were compared with baPWV and IPSS at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 months after PDE5 inhibitor treatment. Results The mean age of 89 patients was 66.7 +/- 11.1 years old. Their prostate size was 29.8 +/- 21.2 ml. Initial SHIM, baPWV and IPSS score were 7.4 +/- 5.6, 1742.5 +/- 393.0 cm/sec and 17.5+/- 7.5, respectively. Before tadalafil treatment, baPWV and SHIM were significantly correlated (p=0.0025) which indicated patients with low vessels endothelial function vessels endothelial function suffered from erectile dysfunction. F4rthere06re, all the data of baPWV and SHIM including after tadalafil treatment from 3 to 84 months (n=472) were significantly co-related each other (p Conclusions Our previous paper (Aging Male 21, 2018) reported that PDE5 inhibitors improved ED, male LUTS and baPWV from 3 to 12 months. The present data also suggested that endothelial function and male LUTS strongly related to ED in BPH patients. However, baPWV and SHM score levels returned to the baseline levels after 24 and 36 months, respectively. Thus, tadalafil can delay vessels endothelial and erectile dysfunction in BPH patients. In addition, erectile dysfunction seems to be occurred after vessels endothelial dysfunction. Hence, baPWV might be a predictive factor for ED in BPH patients with tadalafil treatments. Disclosure Work supported by industry: no.

Published
2022
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26. Nonlinear charge oscillation driven by a single-cycle light field in an organic superconductor

Author

Y. Yoneyama, Y. Kawakami, Sumio Ishihara, Yasuhiro Tanaka, H. Itoh, Shinichiro Iwai, Y. Akamine, T. Amano, Kenji Yonemitsu, G. Kawaguchi, Hiroshi Yamamoto, K. Itoh, Hideo Kishida, and Takahiko Sasaki

Subjects
Physics, Superconductivity, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed matter physics, business.industry, Oscillation, Attosecond, FOS: Physical sciences, Charge (physics), 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Semiconductor, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Organic superconductor, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Light field
Abstract

Intense light-field application to solids produces enormous/ultrafast non-linear phenomena such as high-harmonic generations 1, 2 and attosecond charge dynamics 3, 4. They are distinct from conventional photonics. However, main targets have been limited to insulators and semiconductors, although theoretical approaches have been made also for correlated metals and superconductors 5. Here, in a layered organic superconductor, a non-linear charge oscillation driven by a nearly single-cycle strong electric field of >10 megavolts /cm is observed as a stimulated emission. The charge oscillation is different from a linear response and ascribed to a polar charge oscillation with a period of 6 fs. This non-linear polar charge oscillation is enhanced by critical fluctuations near a superconducting transition temperature and a critical end point of first order Mott transitions. Its observation on an ultrafast timescale of 10 fs clarifies that the Coulomb repulsion plays an essential role in superconductivity of organic superconductors., 5 Figs. for main text, 3 Figs for supplementary information

Published
2018
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27. P314 Elderly onset is associated with low efficacy of anti-TNF treatment in Bio-naïve IBD patients: A multicenter cohort study by the Osaka Gut Forum

Author

T Amano, S Shinzaki, A Asakura, T Tashiro, Y Otake, M Tani, T Yoshihara, T Inoue, and T Takehara

Subjects
Gastroenterology, social sciences, General Medicine, humanities
Abstract

Background The number of elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing, but the outcomes of patients with elderly onset (EO) IBD treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) remains uncertain. The present study evaluated the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF treatment for bio-naïve EO-IBD. Methods This was a multicenter retrospective observational study including bio-naïve patients with IBD who started anti-TNF treatment from, 2010 to, 2019 at, 18 hospitals of the Osaka Gut Forum. Elderly patients were defined as those, 60 years and older, and elderly patients with IBD were further divided into those with EO (Elderly-EO) and those with non-elderly onset (Elderly-NEO). The clinical symptoms were evaluated by partial Mayo score (pMayo) for UC and Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI) for CD, and the clinical remission rate at, 52 weeks after the start of treatment was analyzed retrospectively. Clinical remission was defined as pMayo ≤, 2 and each subscore ≤, 1 for UC and HBI ≤, 4 for CD. Results A total of, 432 patients were enrolled, comprising, 55 with Elderly-EO (12.7%), 25 with Elderly-NEO (5.8%), and, 352 under age, 60 (Non-elderly, 81.5%). After, 52 weeks of anti-TNF treatment, clinical and steroid-free remission rates were significantly lower in Elderly-EO than in Non-elderly (37.7% and, 60.8%; P = 0.001, and, 35.9% and, 57.8%; P = 0.003, respectively), and comparable between Elderly-NEO and Non-elderly. Multivariate analysis revealed that elderly onset was a significant factor for both clinical remission [Odds ratio (OR), 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.25–0.96] and steroid-free remission [OR, 0.51, 95%CI, 0.26–0.99] after, 52 weeks of anti-TNF treatment. The rate of cumulative severe adverse events was significantly lower in Elderly-EO than in Non-elderly (P = 0.007), but comparable between Elderly-NEO and Non-elderly. Conclusion Anti-TNF treatment is less effective for bio-naïve EO-IBD than for elderly patients with younger onset and non-elderly, and may raise safety concerns in this group of patients.

Published
2022
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28. SAT0083 PREVALENCE OF DYSPHAGIA AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Author

S. Tsuboi, T. Amano, and T. Matsumoto

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, business.industry, Immunology, Lipid-lowering agent, Disease, medicine.disease, Dysphagia, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Blood pressure, Rheumatology, Rheumatoid arthritis, Internal medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Observational study, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index
Abstract

Background:Dysphagia (swallowing disorder) is an important health concern among the elderly that is associated with a poor prognosis [1]. Rheumatic diseases such as dermatomyositis are thought to represent an important risk factor for dysphagia, but few studies have described the association between dysphagia and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and details on the prevalence of dysphagia in RA patients is not known [2] [3].Objectives:The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of dysphagia and associated risk factors among elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study including 93 patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA) over 65 years of age. OA patients were included in the study as healthy controls. Patients with a history of stroke, neuromuscular disease, or head and neck tumors were excluded from the study. From July to November 2019, the water swallowing test (WST) and repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST) were performed to evaluate the presence or absence of dysphagia in the patients. We also checked oral conditions, hoarseness, temporomandibular joint symptoms, cervical range of motion limitations, and grip strength. In addition, interviews were conducted to investigate swallowing ability and aspiration history. We compared the prevalence of dysphagia between RA and OA patients and explored potential risk factors for dysphagia in RA patients using logistic regression models.Results:Our study subjects comprised 63 RA patients (mean age, 73.8 years; 86.5% female) and 30 OA patients (mean age, 75.8 years; 82.3% female). The WST and RSST revealed that RA patients had a significantly higher prevalence of dysphagia than OA patients (23.8% vs 6.7%, pConclusion:Dysphagia was more prevalent among RA patients than in OA patients, suggesting an association with temporomandibular involvement, cervical disorder, and muscle weakness. Subclinical dysphagia should be assessed and monitored carefully in the clinical course of elderly patients with RA.References:[1] KW Altman et al. Consequence of dysphagia in the hospitalized patient: impact on prognosis and hospital resources. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Aug; 136 (8):784-9.[2] Gilheaney Ó et al. The Prevalence of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Adults Presenting with Temporomandibular Disorders Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Dysphagia. 2017 Oct; 32 (5):587-600.[3] Mugii N et al. Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Dermatomyositis: Associations with Clinical and Laboratory Features Including Autoantibodies. PLoS One. 2016 May 11;11 (5):e0154746.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Published
2020
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29. Present status of gayal (Bos frontalis) in the home tract of Bangladesh

Author

MO Faruque, Md. Anamul Hoque, AI Omar, T Dorji, MF Rahaman, T Amano, JL Han, and Kazunobu Ikeya

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Coat, Animal breeding, media_common.quotation_subject, Endangered species, Ice calving, General Medicine, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Stocking, Gayal, Animal nutrition, Reproduction, media_common
Abstract

Gayal (Bos frontalis) is a semi domesticated and endangered bovine species in Bangladesh. This study was conducted to know the present distribution, performances and utility of gayal in the home tract. Bandarban Hill district was found the home tract of gayal in Bangladesh. Gayals were reared under extensive management system in the forest of Bandarban Hill district. They browsed forest herbs and grass freely in the forest and came to human dwelling for salt licking. Total number of gayal was counted between 800- 900. The average number of gayal per farmer was 5.01. The coat color of adult gayal was black. White stocking was very prominent in adult gayal. The height at wither and weight for adult males ranged from 126 to 136 cm and 490 to 577 kg, respectively. Reproductive efficiency was high and calving interval was 402 days. They exhibited high disease resistant. The PVC (Pack Cell Volume) and hemoglobin value was 33.5±5.71% and 13.43±2.9 g/dl, respectively. Gayal was used only as meat animal. The high growth rate and reproductive efficiency of gayal in the home tract indicates that this species can be utilized economically if proper breeding plan and sound extension service can be adopted.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23147Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 44 (1): 75-84

Published
2015
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30. Fabrication of doped Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 capacitors on Pt substrates with different orientations

Author

T. Amano, Yoko Takada, Koji Higuchi, Takeyasu Saito, Takeshi Yoshimura, Akira Kitajima, Norifumi Fujimura, Rika Tamano, and Naoki Okamoto

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Fabrication, Doping, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Ferroelectricity, Ferroelectric capacitor, law.invention, Capacitor, Crystallinity, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrode, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Thin film, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The effects of crystallographic orientation on the ferroelectric properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films grown on (111) and (100)-oriented Pt substrates are investigated. The effects of doping PZT with species X (forming PXZT) thin films (Pb:X:Zr:Ti, 113:3:30:70; X = La, Nb, or Y) using chemical solution deposition were studied. The crystallinity of all PXZT films was almost identical. The remnant polarisation of the un-doped, La-, Nb-, and Y-doped PZT capacitors with Pt(111) bottom electrodes were 133.4, 64.7, 60.2, and 98.4 µC/cm2, respectively. In ferroelectric capacitors with Pt(100) bottom electrodes, the remnant polarisations were 185.6, 148.1, 103.1, and 135.7 µC/cm2, respectively. The remnant polarisation was larger with Pt(100) than with Pt(111). The initial remnant polarisation of the un-doped PZT capacitors was larger than that of PXZT.

Published
2016
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31. Role of Murine Complement Component C5 in Acute

Author

Íris A, de Castro, Lorena, Bavia, Tatiana R, Fraga, Mariane T, Amano, Leandro C D, Breda, Adriana P, Granados-Martinez, Ana M G, da Silva, Silvio A, Vasconcellos, and Lourdes, Isaac

Subjects
Inflammation, Leptospira, Complement System, Complement C5, Kidney, Survival Analysis, Microbiology, Mice, Mutant Strains, Interleukin-10, murine model, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Liver, Leukocytes, Animals, Cytokines, leptospirosis, Leptospira interrogans, Spleen, C5, Original Research
Abstract

Leptospirosis is considered one of the most important zoonosis worldwide. The activation of the Complement System is important to control dissemination of several pathogens in the host. Only a few studies have employed murine models to investigate leptospiral infection and our aim in this work was to investigate the role of murine C5 during in vivo infection, comparing wild type C57BL/6 (B6 C5+/+) and congenic C57BL/6 (B6 C5−/−, C5 deficient) mice during the first days of infection. All animals from both groups survived for at least 8 days post-infection with pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Fromm (LPF). At the third day of infection, we observed greater numbers of LPF in the liver of B6 C5−/− mice when compared to B6 C5+/+ mice. Later, on the sixth day of infection, the LPF population fell to undetectable levels in the livers of both groups of mice. On the third day, the inflammatory score was higher in the liver of B6 C5+/+ mice than in B6 C5−/− mice, and returned to normal on the sixth day of infection in both groups. No significant histopathological differences were observed in the lung, kidney and spleen from both infected B6 C5+/+ than B6 C5−/− mice. Likewise, the total number of circulating leukocytes was not affected by the absence of C5. The liver levels of IL-10 on the sixth day of infection was lower in the absence of C5 when compared to wild type mice. No significant differences were observed in the levels of several inflammatory cytokines when B6 C5+/+ and B6 C5−/− were compared. In conclusion, C5 may contribute to the direct killing of LPF in the first days of infection in C57BL/6 mice. On the other hand, other effector immune mechanisms probably compensate Complement impairment since the mice survival was not affected by the absence of C5 and its activated fragments, at least in the early stage of this infection.

Published
2017

32. HGCSG1301: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized control phase II trial comparing Hange-shashin-to versus placebo to prevent diarrhea in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer under IRIS/Bev second-line treatment

Author

M. Dazai, S. Yuki, K. Sawada, T. Muranaka, Y. Kawamoto, H. Nakatsumi, S. Nakano, A. Ishiguro, M. Tateyama, A. Sato, Y. Kobayashi, M. Nakamura, H. Okuda, Y. Takahashi, K. Eto, S. Muto, K. Hatanaka, T. Amano, Y. Sakata, and Y. Komatsu

Subjects
Oncology, Hematology
Published
2018
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34. Thermal pre-treatment of wet microalgae harvest for efficient hydrocarbon recovery

Author

Shigeru Okada, K. Kita, H. Sekino, Kenji Imou, T. Amano, and Shinya Yokoyama

Subjects
Pre treatment, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Waste management, Chemistry, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Extraction (chemistry), Building and Construction, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, biology.organism_classification, Pulp and paper industry, Renewable energy, General Energy, Hydrocarbon, Botryococcus braunii, Solvent extraction, business
Abstract

Botryococcus braunii, a green colonial microalga, is an unusually rich renewable source of hydrocarbons. In this study, wet microalgae harvest was thermally pretreated to enhance hydrocarbon recovery using a solvent extraction process. Samples containing a mixture of B. braunii and water were kept below 100 °C for 10 min. The observed hydrocarbon recovery was 97.8% at 90 °C. The extraction results suggest that the energy-intensive concentration and drying processes of the harvest could be eliminated. The proposed thermal pretreatment would revolutionize the conventional downstream processes.

Published
2010
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35. HGCSG1401: A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of regorafenib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Analysis of risk factors for liver dysfunction

Author

T. Honda, S. Yuki, T. Muranaka, H. Nakatsumi, Y. Tsuji, T. Miyagishima, S. Yoshida, K. Hatanaka, T. Sasaki, A. Ishiguro, O. Muto, H. Ohnuma, S. Kato, A. Sato, M. Abe, K. Kato, K. Onodera, K. Eto, M. Tateyama, T. Amano, Y. Sakata, and Y. Komatsu

Subjects
Oncology, Hematology
Published
2018
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36. Influence of pH of TSI medium on the detection of hydrogen sulfide production by Campylobacter hyointestinalis

Author

M. Ma, Takahisa Yano, Kyaw Kyaw Moe, Naoaki Misawa, M. Enokimoto, and T. Amano

Subjects
Chromatography, biology, Chemistry, Campylobacter, Hydrogen sulfide, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Bacterial growth, equipment and supplies, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Culture Media, Agar plate, chemistry.chemical_compound, Campylobacter hyointestinalis, Biochemistry, medicine, Hydrogen Sulfide, Sugar, Incubation, Bacteria
Abstract

Aims: To examine the influence of pH of triple sugar iron (TSI) agar medium on the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in Campylobacter hyointestinalis ssp. hyointestinalis (CHH). Methods and Results: TSI medium was adjusted by the addition in HCl or NaOH to cover a pH 6·0–9·0. One loopful of bacterial growth of CHH strain ATCC 35217 was inoculated into each different pH medium, and incubated at 37°C under micro-aerobic conditions. The H2S production was not detectable even after incubation for 72 h in acidic medium pH; however, TSI with alkaline pH (8·0–9·0) allowed detection as early as 3 h of incubation. A total of 20 CHH strains from various animal sources were examined for the detection of H2S production in TSI medium with pH 9·0. The H2S was detected in all the strains examined within 12 h, and the judgment was unambiguous. Conclusion: The results showed that the detection of H2S production by CHH was influenced by medium pH, and TSI with alkaline condition is highly sensitive. Significance and Impact of the Study: The findings of the present study suggest that TSI medium with alkaline pH contributes to fast detection and led to unambiguous judgment of H2S production by CHH.

Published
2007
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37. Submillimeter-wave spectroscopy of HN2+ and DN2+ in the excited vibrational states

Author

T. Amano, J. Takano, and T. Hirao

Subjects
Physics, Infrared, Polyatomic ion, Infrared spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Bond length, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Excited state, Molecular vibration, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Submillimeter wave
Abstract

The pure rotational transitions of HN 2 + and DN 2 + in the first excited vibrational states for all the fundamental vibrational modes have been observed in the range of 300–750 GHz. The molecular constants determined are much more accurate compared with those obtained from the infrared spectroscopy. The equilibrium rotational constants, B e = 46832.45 (71) MHz for HN 2 + and B e = 38708.38 (58) MHz for DN 2 + , have been determined by correcting for the higher-order vibration–rotation interaction effects, γ ij , obtained by an infrared investigation. The equilibrium bond lengths are derived from these equilibrium rotational constants: r e (H–N) = 1.03460 (14) A and r e (N–N) = 1.092698 (26) A.

Published
2005
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38. Accurate rest frequencies of submillimeter-wave lines of H2D+ and D2H+

Author

T. Amano and T. Hirao

Subjects
Physics, Glow discharge, Rotational transition, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Magnetic field, symbols.namesake, Nuclear magnetic resonance, symbols, Molecule, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics), Ground state, Frequency modulation, Spectroscopy, Submillimeter wave
Abstract

We re-examined the submillimeter-wave transition frequencies of H 2 D + ( J = 1 10 − 1 11 at 372.4 GHz) and D 2 H + ( J = 1 10 − 1 01 at 691.7 GHz) to resolve suggested slight difference in velocity ( v LSR ) of these species detected in the cold pre-stellar core 16293E recently. Both H 2 D + and D 2 H + were generated in a magnetically confined extended-negative glow discharge of a gaseous mixture of H 2 /D 2 /Ar. A combination of small improvements in various aspects of the measurements such as double modulation technique combined with a conventional frequency modulation and magnetic field modulation and more efficient signal accumulation method allowed us to improve signal-to-noise ratio, and thus to determine the transition frequencies more accurately. Both transition frequencies for the H 2 D + and D 2 H + lines have been thus determined to be 372421.385(10) and 691660.483(20) MHz, respectively. These precise rest frequencies suggest that the v LSR of H 2 D + and D 2 H + in the pre-stellar core 16293E are indeed different as indicated in a recent astronomical observation. In addition, in this investigation, another transition of H 2 D + which falls in this frequency region, J = 3 21 − 3 22 transition, has been observed at 646430.293(50) MHz. As H 2 D + is a lightest asymmetric-top molecule and it is difficult to predict the rotational transition frequencies by using the effective asymmetric rotor Hamiltonian, any new observation of the rotational lines will be useful to improve the molecular parameters. The molecular constants for the ground state have been obtained for H 2 D + and D 2 H + by fitting these new measured frequencies together with the combination differences.

Published
2005
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39. Fourier Transform Emission Spectra of the (000)–(000) Band of the λ4051.6 Band of C3

Author

T. Hirao, T. Amano, Peter F. Bernath, and A. Tanabashi

Subjects
Physics, Astrochemistry, Spectrometer, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Spectral line, symbols.namesake, Fourier transform, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Excited state, symbols, Emission spectrum, Atomic physics, Microwave, Helium
Abstract

The (000)–(000) band of the 4051.6 8 group ( ˜ A 1 � u ˜ X 1 � þ )o f C3 was recorded in emission with a Bruker IFS 120HR Fourier transform (FT) spectrometer at the University of Waterloo. The band was excited by a microwave discharge in isopropanol (less than a few mtorr) diluted in helium (2 torr). Our new FT data provide more reliable and accurately calibrated transition wavenumbers than those from the grating spectra given by Gausset and coworkers. Analysis of our new spectrum combined with the data by McCall and coworkers confirmed that the lower J levels in the ˜ A state were strongly perturbed, as reported by Gausset and coworkers. The unidentified lines observed by McCall and coworkers could be attributed to extra transitions to an unknown perturbing state. Subject heading gs: astrochemistry — ISM: clouds — ISM: molecules — methods: laboratory — molecular data

Published
2005
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40. Double heterozygosity for a novel missense mutation of Ile304 to Asn in addition to the missense mutation His280 to Pro in the integrin β3gene as a cause of the absence of platelet αIIbβ3in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia

Author

Tomoya Hayashi, T. Amano, M. Nakayama, S. Tanaka, K. Yoshimura, T. Fujita, and Yoshihiko Tani

Subjects
Adult, Male, Heterozygote, DNA, Complementary, Proline, Sequence analysis, Blotting, Western, Genetic Vectors, Mutation, Missense, Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex, Biology, Transfection, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Exon, Thrombasthenia, Complementary DNA, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, Missense mutation, Histidine, Isoleucine, Gene, DNA Primers, Genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, Integrin beta3, Exons, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Hematology, Flow Cytometry, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, Pedigree, COS Cells, Female, Asparagine, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Abstract

Summary. Background: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is a hereditary bleeding disorder characterized by a defect in the expression or the function of αIIbβ3. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to identify genetic defects in a GT patient. Methods: The exp ression of αIIbβ3 was determined by flow cytometric analysis and Western blotting. We analyzed the cDNA sequences of both αIIb and β3, and performed transfection experiments using COS7 cells to confirm that a specific mutation was responsible for the GT case. Results: Flow cytometric analysis and Western blotting showed remarkably reduced expression of αIIbβ3. Sequence analysis of the patient's cDNA indicated a new missense mutation that led to the amino acid substitution of Ile304 (ATC) with Asn (AAC) in exon 6 of the β3 gene. This was in addition to the missense mutation of His280 (CAT) to Pro (CCT) in exon 5, which had been previously reported. The missense mutation of Ile304 (ATC) to Asn (AAC) in β3 was found to be responsible for this GT case. This was because transfection experiments using COS7 cells indicated that αIIbβ3 possessing Asn304 in β3 was not expressed on the surface of the transfected cells. In addition, immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that αIIbβ3 was absent inside the transfected COS7 cells possessing Asn304 in β3. Conclusion: In this study, we describe a new missense mutation (ATC to AAC) at position 1009 in exon 6 that leads to an amino acid substitution (Ile304 to Asn) in β3, which is responsible for this GT case.

Published
2005
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42. 049 Administration of Daily 5mg Tadalafil Improves not Only Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms but Also Erectile and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Author

T. Amano, Tetsuya Imao, and T. Kishikage

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Urology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hyperplasia, medicine.disease, Tadalafil, Psychiatry and Mental health, Endocrinology, Reproductive Medicine, Lower urinary tract symptoms, medicine, In patient, Endothelial dysfunction, business, medicine.drug
Published
2017
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43. Submillimeter-wave spectrum of the FCO radical

Author

T. Amano, H. Habara, and A. Maeda

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Spectrum (functional analysis), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Submillimeter wave
Abstract

$^{a}$K. Nagai, C. Yamada, Y. Endo, and E. Hirota, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 90, 249 (1981). $^{b}$H. Habara and S. Yamamoto, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 207, 238 (2001)

Published
2003
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44. Submillimeter-wave spectroscopy of HCN in excited vibrational states

Author

Gisbert Winnewisser, Zdeněk Zelinger, T. Amano, Frank Lewen, V. Ahrens, Sandra Brünken, and Holger S. P. Müller

Subjects
Materials science, Excited state, Vibrational energy relaxation, Overtone band, Rotational spectroscopy, Rotational–vibrational spectroscopy, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Vibrational temperature, Hot band
Abstract

Measurements of the rotational spectrum of HCN in excited vibrational states have been extended to higher-J values. The transitions reach J =8←7 around 710 GHz for most vibrational states studied in this investigation and J =22←21 near 2 THz for the (020) and (030) vibrational states. Using a pure sample of gaseous HCN at ∼350 K, selected states up to one quantum in the C–H stretching vibration at 3311.5 cm −1 have been investigated. Even transitions having two quanta in the C–H stretch could be studied employing a glow discharge in a gas mixture of CH 4 and N 2 . Molecular constants in 13 vibrational states have been obtained, several of which have been studied for the first time by rotational spectroscopy. The vibrational temperature in the discharge system is found to be about 1500 K for the stretching vibrational modes and about 600 K for the bending states.

Published
2003
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45. Submillimeter-Wave Spectroscopy of HNC Produced in an Extended Negative Glow Discharge

Author

T. Amano and Zdeněk Zelinger

Subjects
Physics, Field (physics), Excited state, Negative glow, Electron, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Ground state, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Dissociative recombination, Submillimeter wave
Abstract

Submillimeter-wave transitions of HNC are observed in an extended negative glow discharge. The measurements of the rotational lines in the ground state, as well as in the vibrational fundamentals, are extended to higher J values (up to J=9←8 in the 830-GHz region). The lines in the higher vibrational excited states ν2+ν3, 2ν2, and 2ν2+ν3 are also observed and assigned, using the frequency–magnetic field double modulation technique. Dramatic enhancement of the signal intensity strongly suggests that HNC is predominantly produced in the extended negative glow discharge through the dissociative recombination of HCNH+ with electrons.

Published
2002
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46. Submillimeter-Wave Spectroscopy of TiCl in the Ground Electronic State

Author

T. Amano, Peter F. Bernath, T. Hirao, and A. Maeda

Subjects
Materials science, Buffer gas, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, symbols.namesake, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform, Torr, Laser data, symbols, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Ground state, Spectroscopy, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics), Submillimeter wave
Abstract

The submillimeter-wave rotational transitions of TiCl in the ground state were observed using a double-modulation technique. TiCl was generated in a DC-discharge of a mixture of TiCl4 vapor (less than 1 mTorr) and Ar buffer gas (80 mTorr) at a current of 200 mA. The 4Φ3/2, 4Φ5/2, 4Φ7/2, and 4Φ9/2 spin components of Ti35Cl (v=0, 1, 2) and Ti37Cl (v=0) were detected. The data were analyzed using effective rotational constants for each spin component as well as with the usual N2 reduced Hamiltonian. Recent Fourier transform and laser data were included in our fits and we confirm that the ground state of TiCl is a 4Φr electronic state.

Published
2001
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47. Alkylating agent (MNU)-induced mutation in space environment

Author

Akihisa Takahashi, Takeo Ohnishi, S. Takahashi, M. Masukawa, Ken Ohnishi, K. Sekikawa, T. Amano, Tamotsu Nakano, and Shunji Nagaoka

Subjects
DNA Replication, DNA, Bacterial, Ribosomal Proteins, Alkylating Agents, Atmospheric Science, DNA polymerase II, Aerospace Engineering, medicine.disease_cause, chemistry.chemical_compound, Escherichia coli, medicine, Taq Polymerase, Mutation frequency, Polymerase, Mutation, DNA synthesis, biology, Weightlessness, Chemistry, DNA replication, Methylnitrosourea, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Equipment Design, Templates, Genetic, Space Flight, Molecular biology, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, biology.protein, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Taq polymerase, DNA, Plasmids
Abstract

In recent years, some contradictory data about the effects of microgravity on radiation-induced biological responses in space experiments have been reported. We prepared a damaged template DNA produced with an alkylating agent (N-methyl-N-nitroso urea; MNU) to measure incorrect base-incorporation during DNA replication in microgravity. We examined whether mutation frequency is affected by microgravity during DNA replication for a DNA template damaged by an alkylating agent. Using an in vitro enzymatic reaction system, DNA synthesis by Taq polymerase or polymerase III was done during a US space shuttle mission (Discovery, STS-91). After the flight, DNA replication and mutation frequencies were measured. We found that there was almost no effect of microgravity on DNA replication and mutation frequency. It is suggested that microgravity might not affect at the stage of substrate incorporation in induced-mutation frequency.

Published
2001
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49. GRTUNCL-3D: An Extension of the GRTUNCL Code to Compute R-θ-Z First Collision Source Moments

Author

S Ishikawa, T. Amano, H Kadotani, Michele R. Sutton, F Masukawa, Y Hoshiai, and Nolan E. Hertel

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Neutron transport, Source code, media_common.quotation_subject, Mathematical analysis, Collision, Symmetry (physics), Radiation flux, Classical mechanics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Orientation (geometry), Code (cryptography), Anomaly (physics), media_common
Abstract

The finite number of angles used in a discrete ordinates solutions to a transport problem may lead to an anomaly known as the “ray effect”. A successful method which has been used widely to mitigate ray effects is to analytically compute the first collision source in a medium and use it as a distributed source in the discrete ordinates code. In the present paper the two-dimensional GRTUNCL code which has been widely used for the geometry having the symmetry around Z-axis has been converted to compute the uncollided fluence at each spatial mesh in an R-θ-Z grid and to generate the associated distributed first-collision source moments for use as a distributed source in the TORT three-dimensional discrete ordinates computer code. This coupled GRTUNCL-3D and TORT code system has been shown that it can mitigate the ray effect for a three dimensional geometry which has no symmetry around Z-axis.

Published
2000
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50. Design of a steady-state tokamak device with superconducting coils for a volumetric neutron source

Author

T. Yamamoto, Yuichi Ogawa, T. Amano, K. Takemura, Nobuyuki Inoue, Y. Asaoka, K. Tokimatsu, Kunihiko Okano, Y. Murakami, K. Tomabechi, Tomoaki Yoshida, and Ryoji Hiwatari

Subjects
Tokamak, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Blanket, Neutral beam injection, law.invention, Bootstrap current, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Electromagnetic coil, Neutron flux, Electromagnetic shielding, Neutron source, General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

We designed a volumetric neutron source for testing large-scale blanket components, based on a steady-state tokamak device with superconducting coils. It is found that a neutron flux of approximately 1.0 MW m −2 is available in the medium-size device ( R =4.5 m, a =1.0 m, κ =1.8, I p =5.6 MA) under the conditions of H ∼2 and β N ∼3 with a neutral beam injection (NBI) power of about 60 MW. We demonstrate the controllability of the current profiles required for high-beta plasma up to β N =3–3.8 with the combination of bootstrap current and NB-driven current ( E b =1.0 MeV). If an advanced performance scenario such as a reversed shear configuration is available, a neutron flux of 1.4 MW m −2 is achievable. We install the breeding blanket of Li–Pb only at outboard and upper regions, and find that a local tritium breeding ratio (TBR) of 1.5 is achievable and a net TBR of 0.8 could be available. The analysis of shielding materials at the inboard region shows that the proper combination of tungsten, steel and boric water yields a reduction of the nuclear irradiation of TF coil by a factor of approximately 10.

Published
1998
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