41 results on '"Simone Peruzzo"'
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2. On the road to ITER NBIs: SPIDER improvement after first operation and MITICA construction progress
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M. Tardocchi, G. Mico, Hitesh Patel, V. Antoni, A. Garbuglia, A. Masiello, Emanuele Sartori, L. Giacomelli, M. Brombin, F. Geli, A. De Lorenzi, Pierluigi Veltri, Piero Agostinetti, Gabriele Manduchi, S. Cristofaro, T. Maejima, D. Bruno, F. Paolucci, Marica Rebai, L. Cordaro, M. Zaupa, B. Pouradier-Duteil, S. Denizeau, M. Vignando, R. Lorenzini, Y. Yamashita, M. Dan, R. Casagrande, D. Lopez-Bruna, Federica Bonomo, R. Zagorski, M. Siragusa, M. Zuin, A. Rigoni-Garola, V. Candeloro, Daniel Gutierrez, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, Loris Zanotto, F. Fellin, C. Rotti, M. Fadone, R. Delogu, M. Valente, M. Bigi, A. Canton, Gabriele Croci, R. Agnello, A. Pimazzoni, Bernd Heinemann, Emilio Martines, O. McCormack, M. Dalla Palma, Kazuhiro Watanabe, J. Graceffa, Nicola Pilan, Simone Peruzzo, Vanni Toigo, E. Oshita, A. Rizzolo, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, M. Dremel, M. De Muri, B. Zaniol, R. Milazzo, C. Cavallini, Silvia Spagnolo, Gianluigi Serianni, N. Cruz, A. Sottocornola, Claudia Gasparrini, Hiroyuki Tobari, L. Trevisan, Namita Singh, P. Tomsic, T. Patton, F. Gasparini, F. Taccogna, Diego Marcuzzi, Atsushi Kojima, E. Spada, A. Muraro, Ursel Fantz, M. Pavei, A.K. Chakraborty, Francesco Gnesotto, A. Ferro, S. Konno, Tullio Bonicelli, Roberto Cavazzana, Giuseppe Chitarin, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, A. Zamengo, C. Poggi, Marco D’Arienzo, N. Pomaro, F. Panin, A. Rousseau, Monica Spolaore, G. Berton, J.F. Moreno, W. Kraus, S. Dal Bello, M. Battistella, P. Tinti, G. Kouzmenko, D. Boilson, Piergiorgio Sonato, Marco Cavenago, C. Wimmer, M. J. Singh, M. Rutigliano, P. Jain, Pierluigi Zaccaria, M. Ugoletti, Marco Boldrin, D. Rigamonti, Katsuyoshi Tsumori, S. Manfrin, D. Wünderlich, Gwenael Fubiani, Muriel Simon, G. Martini, G. Agarici, Mieko Kashiwagi, D. Terranova, Marco Barbisan, S. Martini, M. Urbani, Luca Grando, Roberto Pasqualotto, J. Zacks, A. Tonti, M. Recchia, C. Labate, Matteo Agostini, P.B. Krastev, V. Pilard, G. Gomez, A. Shepherd, Toigo, V, Marcuzzi, D, Serianni, G, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Bello, S, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Zanotto, L, Agnello, R, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Berton, G, Bigi, M, Brombin, M, Candeloro, V, Canton, A, Casagrande, R, Cavallini, C, Cavazzana, R, Cordaro, L, Cruz, N, Palma, M, Dan, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Denizeau, S, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gaio, E, Gasparini, F, Gasparrini, C, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, Krastev, P, Lopez-Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marconato, N, Martines, E, Martini, G, Martini, S, Milazzo, R, Patton, T, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Poggi, C, Pomaro, N, Pouradier-Duteil, B, Recchia, M, Rigoni-Garola, A, Rizzolo, A, Sartori, E, Shepherd, A, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Tinti, P, Tomsic, P, Trevisan, L, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Vignando, M, Zagorski, R, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Zuin, M, Cavenago, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Veltri, P, Decamps, H, Dremel, M, Graceffa, J, Geli, F, Urbani, M, Zacks, J, Bonicelli, T, Paolucci, F, Garbuglia, A, Agarici, G, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Kouzmenko, G, Labate, C, Masiello, A, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Rousseau, A, Simon, M, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Oshita, E, Yamashita, Y, Konno, S, Singh, M, Chakraborty, A, Patel, H, Singh, N, Fantz, U, Bonomo, F, Cristofaro, S, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Wimmer, C, Wunderlich, D, Fubiani, G, Tsumori, K, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Mccormack, O, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, Giacomelli, L, Rigamonti, D, Taccogna, F, Bruno, D, Rutigliano, M, D'Arienzo, M, Tonti, A, and Panin, F
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Tokamak ,Nuclear engineering ,design ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,negative ion source ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,ITER neutral beam injector ,ITER neutral beam injectors ,Negative ion beam ,Negative ion source ,law ,iter neutral beam injectors ,0103 physical sciences ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Dummy load ,Magnetic filter ,negative ion beam ,Mechanical Engineering ,Injector ,Beam optics ,Power (physics) ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Environmental science ,Beam (structure) ,Voltage - Abstract
To reach fusion conditions and control the plasma configuration in ITER, the next step in tokamak fusion research, two neutral beam injectors (NBIs) will supply 16.5 MW each, by neutralizing accelerated negative hydrogen or deuterium ions. The requirements of ITER NBIs (40A/1 MeV D- ions for ≤1 h, 46A/870 keV H- ions for ≤1000 s) have never been simultaneously attained. So in the Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF, Consorzio RFX, Italy) the operation of the full-scale ITER NBI prototype (MITICA) will be tested and optimised up to full performances, focussing on accelerator (including voltage holding), beam optics, neutralisation, residual ion removal. The NBTF includes also the full-scale prototype of the ITER NBI source with 100 keV particle energy (SPIDER), for early investigation of: negative ion production and extraction, source uniformity, negative ion current density and beam optics. This paper will describe the main results of the first two years of SPIDER operation, devoted to characterizing plasma and beam parameters, including investigation of RF-plasma coupling efficiency and magnetic filter field effectiveness in reducing co-extracted electrons. SPIDER is progressing towards the first caesium injection, which aims at increasing the negative ion density. A major shutdown, planned for 2021, to solve the issues identified during the operation and to carry out programmed modifications, will be outlined. The installation of each MITICA power supply and auxiliary system is completed; in-vessel mechanical components are under procurement by Fusion for Energy (F4E). Integration, commissioning and test of the power supplies, procured by F4E and QST, as the Japanese Domestic Agency (JADA), will be presented. In particular, 1.0MV insulating tests were carried out step-by-step and successfully completed. In 2020 integrated tests of the power supplies on the accelerator dummy load started, including the assessment of their resilience to accelerator grid breakdowns using a short-circuit device located in vacuum. The aggressive programme, to validate the NBI design at NBTF and to meet ITER schedule (requiring NBIs in operation in 2032), will be outlined. Unfortunately, in 2020 the coronavirus disease infection affected the NBTF activities. A solution to proceed with integrated power tests despite the coronavirus is presented.
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- 2021
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3. Demandas de décadas da Enfermagem se sobressaem no enfrentamento à Pandemia COVID-19
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Simone Peruzzo
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Marketing ,Economics and Econometrics ,Disappointment ,Coping (psychology) ,General Chemical Engineering ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ignorance ,Social practice ,Nursing ,Feeling ,medicine ,General Materials Science ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Personal protection equipment ,media_common - Abstract
O enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID 19 está expondo de forma excepcional as demandas históricas da Enfermagem em relação às más condições de trabalho, a falta qualiquantitativa dos Equipamentos de Proteção Individual e o subdimensionamento da equipe de enfermagem Entre outras lutas defendidas pelas organizações da profissão, que aguardam há mais de duas décadas, a devida aprovação de Projetos de Lei pelo congresso nacional O que pensar quando determinada autoridade afirma que nossas reivindicações não podem ser atendidas porque somos muitos, se comparados ao quantitativo de outras profissões? Sentimentos como decepção, desvalorização, insensatez, incoerência, discriminação e o desconhecimento da natureza da nossa profissão, colaboram para a incredulidade É hora de a sociedade apoiar a categoria perante esses desafios, reconhecendo a especificidade da profissão e o protagonismo que a Enfermagem exerce, oferecendo a ela condições de consolidar a prática social com qualidade e segurança
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- 2020
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4. Detailed design of the RFX-mod2 machine load assembly
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Piergiorgio Sonato, Andrea Rizzolo, Roberto Cavazzana, Samuele Dal Bello, M. Siragusa, Simone Peruzzo, F. Rossetto, Eleonora Perin, Marco Bernardi, L. Trevisan, Diego Ruaro, R. Piovan, Luca Grando, and Mauro Dalla Palma
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Plasma-facing high heat flux components ,Tokamak ,Toroid ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Magnetic confinement fusion ,Mechanical engineering ,Torus ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,Upgrade ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,First wall technology ,Vacuum vessel ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Materials Science (all) ,0103 physical sciences ,Compatibility (mechanics) ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,Electrical conductor ,Implementation - Abstract
An upgrade of the RFX-mod experiment is presently in the final design phase, aimed at widening the explored operational scenarios both in RFP and Tokamak configuration. The main design driver for this machine upgrade is the enhancement of the ‘shell-plasma proximity’, which is expected to provide a significant improvement in the plasma magnetic confinement. The achievement of this aim implies a major change of the internal components of the machine such as the removal of the present vacuum vessel, transferring the function of vacuum barrier to the duly modified toroidal support structure, and the integration of a new in-vessel support system to sustain the conductive stabilizing shell and the whole first wall. The paper presents an overview of the design choices and the proposed implementations, assessed on the base of engineering analyses and results of experimental tests performed on mock-ups of the new components. The solutions conceived to fulfill vacuum and electrical requirements of the in-vessel components, to guarantee their reliability during normal and abnormal operating conditions events, and interface compatibility with existing components and torus assembly sequence are finally highlighted.
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- 2018
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5. Design of the new supporting structure for the passive stabilizing shell assembly of RFX-mod2
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Martina Bernardi, Simone Peruzzo, Diego Marcuzzi, M. Dalla Palma, M. Pavei, and G. Berton
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Toroid ,Tokamak ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Structure (category theory) ,Shell (structure) ,Magnetic confinement fusion ,Control reconfiguration ,Mechanical engineering ,01 natural sciences ,Finite element method ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,High-performance polymer ,Upgrade ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,Thermo-mechanical design ,0103 physical sciences ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,RFX-mod2 ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
An upgrade of RFX-mod toroidal machine assembly is under development, aimed at widening the explored operational scenarios both in RFP and Tokamak configuration. The main design driver for this machine upgrade, named RFX-mod2, is the enhancement of the ‘shell-plasma proximity’, which is expected to provide a significant improvement in the plasma magnetic confinement. In order to achieve this goal, the existing Passive Stabilizing Shell will be adapted in order to be enclosed in the new vacuum vessel. This reconfiguration of the internal components of the experiment requires the design of a new structure aimed at supporting both the shell and the plasma facing components. The paper describes the design aspects of the shell assembly, with particular focus on the thermo-mechanical FEM analyses performed to verify the design of the components at the expected operating conditions.
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- 2021
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6. Vacuum boundary modifications of the RFX-mod machine
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Nisarg Patel, Piergiorgio Sonato, Samuele Dal Bello, Luca Grando, Mauro Dalla Palma, and Simone Peruzzo
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Materials science ,Ceramic-metal brazing ,Stabilising shell ,Thermo-mechanical design ,Vacuum seal ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Materials Science (all) ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Shell (structure) ,Mechanical engineering ,Welding ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,Cross section (physics) ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Torque ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,Toroid ,Torus ,Plasma - Abstract
The results produced by experimental campaigns of RFX-mod shows the need to improve passive MHD control and minimise braking torque on plasma. These improvements require major mechanical changes on the present components of the machine including first wall, vacuum vessel, and toroidal support structure (TSS). The vacuum vessel will be removed and the first wall tiles will be directly supported by the passive stabilising shell, so increasing the poloidal cross section by 28 mm radially and bringing the passive stabilising shell as close as possible to the plasma boundary. This paper presents the mechanical design modifications of the torus assembly. Composite rings are designed to support the passive stabilising shell on the TSS. The vacuum boundary is shifted at the TSS by developing different joint solutions compatible with the stringent requirements of the present components: ceramic-metal brazed rings at the two poloidal joints, fully welded solution at the external equatorial joint, and resistive weld plate at the internal equatorial joint. The vacuum vessel portholes for pumping, fuelling, diagnostics, and sensor cable routing are redesigned to be integrated onto the TSS. The design is supported by thermo-mechanical analyses and verifications carried out applying load combinations corresponding to the expected load cases.
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- 2016
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7. Progress in the Design and Testing of In-Vessel Magnetic Pickup Coils for ITER
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M. Brombin, I. Duran, Z. Lahodova, Andrea Rizzolo, Y. Ma, Simone Peruzzo, W. Gonzalez, Nicolò Marconato, S. Arshad, George Vayakis, A. Suarez, M. Furno Palumbo, and Ladislav Viererbl
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Materials science ,Nuclear engineering ,Low frequency ,010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Temperature measurement ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,mineral insulated cable (MIC) ,Reliability (semiconductor) ,Low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) ,0103 physical sciences ,Pickup ,Ceramic ,business.industry ,magnetic diagnostics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electrical engineering ,0104 chemical sciences ,Magnetic field ,Transducer ,Electromagnetic coil ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,business - Abstract
This paper presents the results of the R&D activities recently performed to achieve the preliminary design of electromagnetic transducers for in-vessel local magnetic field measurements at low frequency (
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- 2016
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8. Design of the RFX-mod2 first wall
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Roberto Cavazzana, M. Siragusa, G. Berton, Alessandra Canton, Monica Spolaore, G. Gambetta, Paolo Innocente, Mauro Dalla Palma, Simone Peruzzo, and Silvia Spagnolo
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Materials science ,Thermal diffusivity ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Stress (mechanics) ,remote handling compatibility ,Thermal conductivity ,Drucker-Prager criterion ,Remote maintenance compatibility ,0103 physical sciences ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Polycrystalline graphite ,General Materials Science ,Graphite ,high heat flux ,Composite material ,010306 general physics ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Extruded graphite ,Reversed field pinch ,Mechanical Engineering ,Plasma-Wall interaction ,Grain size ,Compressive strength ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering - Abstract
RFX-mod2 is the last upgrade of the reversed field pinch machine operated at Consorzio RFX. A significant modification consists of the replacement of the first wall tiles, proposed as a key factor for the improvement of the gas density with the reduction of the hydrogen retention, and designed in coherence with the magnetic front-end modification that foresees the tiles supported by the existing MHD passive stabilising shell. The main choices in the design of the new first wall tiles are the polycrystalline graphite as bulk material, the use of the existing fixing keys with fastening bayonets, and the tile width that shall be less than the diameter of the larger port holes to allow remote handling operations for the maintenance of the first wall; the latter fix the number of tiles to 2016 as in the original configuration. The expected decrease of the plasma-wall interaction determined the first wall design with expected power densities up to 50 MW/m2 considering the deformation of the last magnetic surface in both reversed field pinch and tokamak configurations. At the other side, the need of sensor integration and shielding of the passive stabilising shell from the plasma addressed the tile thickness and surface extension. Local prominences have been modelled on tiles, based on visual inspections of actual surfaces after previous operations, in order to limit the plasma in regions far from openings and supporting structures. The tile resistant section has been increased coherently with all the interfaces and constraints, so decreasing the maximum stress at 3.5 MPa calculated from finite element analysis that simulates the operating condition. This low stress level together with a measurement of the experimental loads during next RFX-mod2 operations could qualify the use of extruded graphite for a further first wall change in the future. Indeed, extruded graphite is considered attractive given its high directional thermal diffusivity (about 50% better then polycrystalline graphite) to enhance the heat transmission and so improving the gas density control, and the low stress induced may allow this mechanically less performing grade of graphite.
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- 2020
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9. Comparison of approaches to the electromagnetic analysis of COMPASS-U vacuum vessel during fast transients
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J. Hromadka, M. Teschke, Shiyong Chen, A. Herrmann, Simone Peruzzo, Radomir Panek, V. Yanovskiy, Martin Imrisek, Domenico Abate, D. Sestak, V.D. Pustovitov, Martin Hron, G. Pautasso, Roberto Paccagnella, Fabio Villone, Paolo Bettini, Josef Havlicek, N. Isernia, I. Zammuto, Matthias Komm, and COMPASS Team
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Physics ,CarMa0NL ,Tokamak ,Distribution (number theory) ,Mechanical Engineering ,COMPASS-U ,Mechanics ,Poloidal current ,01 natural sciences ,Disruption ,Electromagnetic loads ,Vacuum vessel ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,law ,Compass ,0103 physical sciences ,Eddy current ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
The poloidal distribution of electromagnetic loads during fast transients in the vacuum vessel of COMPASS-U tokamak is calculated analytically. The estimates are then compared with CarMa0NL numerical simulations. The results show that the poloidal eddy currents in the vacuum vessel must be taken into account for the proper evaluation of disruption forces in the COMPASS-U tokamak.
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- 2019
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10. Progress in the ITER neutral beam test facility
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Piergiorgio Sonato, Hitesh Patel, A. Sottocornola, Veena Gupta, B. Raval, G. Rostagni, M. Spolaore, M. Fadone, A. Patel, Andrea Rizzolo, G. Gambetta, M. Recchia, Francesco Gnesotto, M. Brombin, Roberto Pasqualotto, M. Zaupa, J.F. Moreno, Giuseppe Marchiori, W. Kraus, P. Tinti, G. Serianni, G. Kouzmenko, Gabriele Manduchi, V. Antoni, A. Zamengo, F. Paolucci, Giuseppe Chitarin, M. Battistella, Tullio Bonicelli, C. Labate, V. Pilard, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, G. Agarici, Mieko Kashiwagi, E. Ocello, Roberto Cavazzana, D. Boilson, Vanni Toigo, Barbara Zaniol, Marco Cavenago, F. Geli, A. De Lorenzi, M. Dremel, M. De Muri, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Nicola Pilan, Marco D’Arienzo, B. Schunke, M. Urbani, P. Jain, Namita Singh, T. Patton, A. Tonti, R. Delogu, N. Pomaro, A. Rousseau, F. Gasparini, T. Maejima, Naotaka Umeda, Ursel Fantz, H. Dhola, Marco Barbisan, C. Rotti, Lennart Svensson, M. Valente, Simone Peruzzo, G. Gomez, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, Bernd Heinemann, Hiroyuki Tobari, Pierluigi Veltri, S. Manfrin, M. Siragusa, Muriel Simon, Luca Grando, Ujjwal Baruah, Silvia Spagnolo, F. Panin, A. Muraro, A.K. Chakraborty, A. Fiorentin, Adriano Luchetta, P. Zaccaria, G. Mico, A. Maistrello, C. Poggi, A. Masiello, M. Bigi, Diego Marcuzzi, Atsushi Kojima, S. Ochoa, P. Blatchford, Gabriele Croci, Y. Xue, A. Pimazzoni, Piero Agostinetti, E. Spada, Daniel Gutierrez, Marica Rebai, B. Chuilon, M. Dan, M. Moresco, L. Zanotto, A. Garbuglia, S. Denizeau, J. Chareyre, S. Hanke, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, L. Bailly-Maitre, M. Ugoletti, Emanuele Sartori, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, M. Dalla Palma, J. Graceffa, M. Boldrin, S. Sasaki, Alberto Ferro, F. Fellin, S. Dal Bello, M. Tardocchi, E. Bragulat, Toigo, V, Dal Bello, S, Bigi, M, Boldrin, M, Chitarin, G, Grando, L, Luchetta, A, Marcuzzi, D, Pasqualotto, R, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Zaccaria, P, Zanotto, L, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Brombin, M, Cavazzana, R, Dalla Palma, M, Dan, M, Denizeau, S, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fadone, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Gaio, E, Gambetta, G, Gasparini, F, Gnesotto, F, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Manfrin, S, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Patton, T, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Piovan, R, Poggi, C, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tinti, P, Ugoletti, M, Valente, M, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Rotti, C, Veltri, P, Chareyre, J, Decamps, H, Dremel, M, Graceffa, J, Geli, F, Schunke, B, Svensson, L, Urbani, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly-Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Labate, C, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kouzmenko, G, Rousseau, A, Kashiwagi, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Sasaki, S, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Patel, H, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Gupta, V, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Cavenago, M, Hanke, S, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Muraro, A, Rebai, M, Tardocchi, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, Tonti, A, Panin, F, Toigo, V., Dal Bello, S., Bigi, M., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Marcuzzi, D., Pasqualotto, R., Pomaro, N., Serianni, G., Zaccaria, P., Zanotto, L., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Antoni, V., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Brombin, M., Cavazzana, R., Dalla Palma, M., Dan, M., Denizeau, S., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Fiorentin, A., Gaio, E., Gambetta, G., Gasparini, F., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marchiori, G., Marconato, N., Moresco, M., Ocello, E., Patton, T., Pavei, M., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Piovan, R., Poggi, C., Recchia, M., Rizzolo, A., Rostagni, G., Sartori, E., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Sottocornola, A., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Tinti, P., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Zamengo, A., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Veltri, P., Chareyre, J., Decamps, H., Dremel, M., Graceffa, J., Geli, F., Schunke, B., Svensson, L., Urbani, M., Bonicelli, T., Agarici, G., Garbuglia, A., Masiello, A., Paolucci, F., Simon, M., Bailly-Maitre, L., Bragulat, E., Gomez, G., Gutierrez, D., Labate, C., Mico, G., Moreno, J. F., Pilard, V., Kouzmenko, G., Rousseau, A., Kashiwagi, M., Tobari, H., Watanabe, K., Maejima, T., Kojima, A., Umeda, N., Sasaki, S., Chakraborty, A., Baruah, U., Patel, H., Singh, N. P., Patel, A., Dhola, H., Raval, B., Gupta, V., Fantz, U., Heinemann, B., Kraus, W., Cavenago, M., Hanke, S., Ochoa, S., Blatchford, P., Chuilon, B., Xue, Y., Croci, G., Gorini, G., Muraro, A., Rebai, M., Tardocchi, M., D'Arienzo, M., Sandri, S., Tonti, A., and Panin, F.
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Materials science ,Test facility ,ITER ,neutral beam injector ,PRIMA: the ITER neutral beam test facility (NBTF) ,SPIDER ,Nuclear engineering ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Neutral beam injector ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
Heating neutral beam (HNB) injectors, necessary to achieve burning conditions and to control plasma instabilities in ITER, are characterized by such demanding parameters that a neutral beam test facility (NBTF) dedicated to their development and optimization is being realized in Padua (Italy) with direct contributions from the Italian government (through Consorzio RFX as the host entity) and the ITER international organization (with kind contributions from the ITER domestic agencies of Europe, Japan and India) and technical and scientific support from various European laboratories and universities. The NBTF hosts two experiments: SPIDER, devoted to ion source optimization for the required source performance, and MITICA, the full-size prototype of the ITER HNB, with an ion source identical to SPIDER. This paper gives an overview of the progress towards NBTF realization, with particular emphasis on issues discovered during this phase of activity and on solutions adopted to minimize the impact on the schedule and maintain the goals of the facilities. The realization of MITICA is well advanced; operation is expected to start in 2023 due to the long procurement time of the in-vessel mechanical components. The beam source power supplies, operating at 1 MV, are in an advanced phase of realization; all high-voltage components have been installed and the complex insulation test phase began in 2018. At the same time, construction and installation of SPIDER plant systems was successfully completed with their integration into the facility. The mechanical components of the SPIDER ion source were installed inside the vessel and connected to the plants. Integrated commissioning with the control, protection and safety systems ended positively and the first experimental phase has begun. The first results of the SPIDER experiment, with data from operational diagnostics, and the plans for the 1 MV insulation tests on the MITICA high-voltage components are presented.
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- 2019
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11. Design of the new electromagnetic measurement system for RFX-mod upgrade
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N. Pomaro, Paolo Bettini, Luca Grando, Simone Peruzzo, L. Marrelli, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Marchiori, and Roberto Cavazzana
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Materials science ,Tokamak ,RFX-mod ,MHD ,RFP ,MHD mode analysis ,Magnetic sensors ,Shell (structure) ,Mechanical engineering ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,Cross section (physics) ,law ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,0103 physical sciences ,Torque ,General Materials Science ,Pickup ,010306 general physics ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Toroid ,Mechanical Engineering ,System of measurement ,Upgrade ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,electromagnetic measurement system - Abstract
A major modification of the RFX-mod toroidal load assembly has been decided in order to improve passive MHD control and to minimise the braking torque on the plasma, thus extending the operational space in both RFP and Tokamak configurations. With the removal of the vacuum vessel, the support structure will be modified in order to obtain a new vacuum-tight chamber and the first wall tiles will be directly in front of the passive stabilising shell inside of it, so increasing both the poloidal cross section (by 28 mm radially) and the plasma-shell proximity. This implies the design of a new vacuum fit electromagnetic measurement system. The spatial resolution is constrained by the number of graphite tiles, 28 (poloidal) x 72 (toroidal), which cover the inner surface of the copper shell. The new local probes (of size 42 x 37 x 7 mm) will be installed in vacuum onto the copper shell, behind the graphite tiles, and shall operate up to a maximum temperature of 180°C to allow for baking cycles for first wall conditioning. Because of the reduced room available, triaxial pickup probes have been designed, with the additional advantage of allowing the minimization of alignment errors. The paper describes the detailed design of the new probe set, in particular highlighting the technological issues complying with different functional requirements: the thermo-mechanical interface with the copper shell, their protection, the electrical connection for the transmission of the signal with a minimum level of noise and the choice of materials suitable to the vacuum environment at relatively high temperature. The extensive tests carried out on probe prototypes to characterise their electromagnetic, thermal and vacuum behaviour are also reported.
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- 2019
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12. Start of SPIDER operation towards ITER neutral beams
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S. Dal Bello, M. Siragusa, A. Zamengo, Alberto Ferro, V. Antoni, Gianluigi Serianni, Adriano Luchetta, S. Denizeau, Simone Peruzzo, Vanni Toigo, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, A. Maistrello, M. De Muri, C. Poggi, D. Boilson, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Nicolò Marconato, P. Zaccaria, Piergiorgio Sonato, M. Valente, C. Taliercio, Silvia Spagnolo, M. Bigi, A. Pimazzoni, D. Marcuzzi, Piero Agostinetti, M. Pavei, M. Cavenago, M. Dan, M. Moresco, Emanuele Sartori, Giuseppe Marchiori, M. Battistella, Hitesh Patel, M. Ugoletti, L. Ferbel, W. Kraus, A. Chakraborty, F. Fellin, Andrea Rizzolo, A. De Lorenzi, P. Jain, L. Zanotto, P. Tinti, M. Dalla Palma, M. Spolaore, N. Pomaro, Francesco Gnesotto, Tullio Bonicelli, G. Gambetta, Namita Singh, T. Patton, F. Gasparini, Ursel Fantz, Bernd Heinemann, Giuseppe Chitarin, G. Rostagni, M. Boldrin, Roberto Cavazzana, C. Rotti, Nicola Pilan, S. Manfrin, M. Brombin, M. Zaupa, Gabriele Manduchi, M. Fadone, M. Recchia, Pierluigi Veltri, Marco Barbisan, C. Baltador, Luca Grando, Barbara Zaniol, R. Delogu, and Roberto Pasqualotto
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010302 applied physics ,Spider ,Materials science ,Test facility ,Nuclear engineering ,Phase (waves) ,Plasma ,01 natural sciences ,SPIDER ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Ion ,Extractor ,ITER ,0103 physical sciences ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
In June 2018 the SPIDER device, which is the full-size prototype of the negative ion source and extractor for the ITER Heating Neutral Beam has entered the first operation phase at the Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) in Padova, Italy. This paper describes the present status of the device, the experimental plans and the results obtained during the first experimental campaign of the radio-frequency driven plasma source.
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- 2018
13. Prototyping and testing of the Continuous External Rogowski ITER magnetic sensor
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J.B. Lister, F. Saint-Laurent, Ph. Moreau, P. Marmillod, P. Spuig, Juan Knaster, Duccio Testa, S. Hughes, P. Pastor, Simone Peruzzo, P. Malard, George Vayakis, M. Toussaint, A. Le-Luyer, and K.M. Patel
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Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Computer science ,ITER ,Mechanical Engineering ,Toroidal field ,Nuclear engineering ,General Materials Science ,Inductive sensor ,Magnetic diagnostics ,Rogowski coil ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Plasma current - Abstract
The measurement of the plasma current in ITER plays an outstanding role as it is part of the machine protection and is a safety-relevant measurement: it will be used in relation with regulatory limits to show that the operation remains within the safe envelope defined in the ITER license. The Continuous External Rogowski (CER) is an inductive sensor designed for current measurements and located in the casing of 3 Toroidal Field Coils (TFCs). After the completion of the design of the CER, 4 prototypes of the sensor were manufactured and R&D activities were performed under a Grant with the European Domestic Agency (F4E-GRT-012). The work was carried out between 2010 and 2011 by the ITERMAG consortium comprising 3 laboratories: CRPP (Switzerland) as leader, CEA (France) and RFX (Italy). The R&D campaign on CER prototypes consisted in the measurement of about 100 parameters to characterize the CER in terms of electrical, thermal, mechanical and also of vacuum compatibility. From these results, electromagnetic modeling of the CER response was performed. It is demonstrated that the CER fulfills ITER requirements. However, the vacuum compatibility of the prototype has to be improved and solutions to cope with this issue are proposed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- 2013
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14. A substantial step forward in the realization of the ITER HNB system: The ITER NBI Test Facility
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A. Fiorentin, Silvia Spagnolo, E. Spada, Daniel Gutierrez, B. Chuilon, Pierluigi Veltri, M. Recchia, J. Chareyre, Lennart Svensson, M. De Muri, F. Fellin, C. Rotti, R. S. Hemsworth, A. Muraro, J.F. Moreno, Gianluigi Serianni, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, Muriel Simon, G. Gambetta, Alberto Ferro, Giuseppe Chitarin, W. Kraus, Gabriele Manduchi, F. Paolucci, M. Battistella, H. Decamps, L. Zanotto, Y. Xue, C. Taliercio, E. Ocello, V. Pilard, H.P.L. de Esch, J. Graceffa, Bernd Heinemann, Marco Cavenago, M.V. Nagaraju, P. Zaccaria, S. Hanke, M. Boldrin, M. Spolaore, Diego Marcuzzi, Atsushi Kojima, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, P. Jain, M. Siragusa, Marco D’Arienzo, Francesco Gnesotto, M. Bigi, S. Ochoa, A.K. Chakraborty, M. Urbani, N. Pomaro, Gabriele Croci, A. Pimazzoni, Tullio Bonicelli, S. Dal Bello, C. Baltador, G. Gomez, Volker Hauer, A. Sottocornola, A. Zamengo, M. Valente, Hiroyuki Tobari, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Hitesh Patel, Vanni Toigo, Andrea Rizzolo, G. Mico, B. Raval, H. Yamanaka, A. Masiello, B. Schunke, Simone Peruzzo, A. De Lorenzi, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, E. Bragulat, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, M. Kushwah, P. Blatchford, Piero Agostinetti, Marica Rebai, T. Maeshima, M. Dalla Palma, M. Moresco, Masaya Hanada, Kazuhiro Watanabe, L. Bailly-Maitre, Nicola Pilan, Emanuele Sartori, Naotaka Umeda, M. Brombin, M. Zaupa, Piergiorgio Sonato, C. Finotti, A. Patel, V. Antoni, D. Boilson, H. Dhola, M. J. Singh, Roberto Pasqualotto, Marco Barbisan, Luca Grando, G. Agarici, Mieko Kashiwagi, Barbara Zaniol, Namita Singh, Ursel Fantz, R. Delogu, G. Rostagni, Ujjwal Baruah, Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly Maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maeshima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, and Sandri, S
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Computer science ,Nuclear engineering ,NBI ,PRIMA ,PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) ,neutral beam injector ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,ITER, Heating Neutral Beam Injector (HNB), PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) ,SPIDER, MITICA ,law ,ITER ,0103 physical sciences ,NBTF ,General Materials Science ,Spider ,010306 general physics ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Test facility ,Mitica ,Mechanical Engineering ,neutral beam test facility ,Injector ,Heating Neutral Beam Injector (HNB) ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Materials Science (all) ,Realization (systems) ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
The realization of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) and the start the experimental phase are important tasks of the fusion roadmap, since the target requirements of injecting to the plasma a beam of Deuterium atoms with a power up to 16.5 MW, at 1MeV of energy and with a pulse length up to 3600s have never been reached together before. The ITER NBTF, called PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), is hosted in Padova, Italy; it includes two experiments: MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER injector and SPIDER, the full-size negative ion source. The realization promoted by the ITER organization is carried out with the contribution of the European Union, channeled through the Joint Undertaking for ITER (F4E), of the Consorzio RFX which hosts the Test Facility, the Japanese and the Indian ITER Domestic Agencies (JADA and INDA) and several European laboratories, such as IPP-Garching, KIT-Karlsruhe, CCFECulham, CEA-Cadarache. The early start of operation of PRIMA experiments is urgent because sufficient experimental time is necessary to face and solve the issues related to the achievement of the desired performance in time for the ITER operation, requiring NBI since the beginning. Substantial progresses have been recently achieved: the buildings construction, begun in October 2012, has been completed by the end of 2015 and the installation of some components has been started since the end of 2014. The SPIDER realization is well advanced: the installation phase is proceeding in good agreement with the general plan; it is expected to be almost completed by the end of 2016. In parallel, the commissioning of the SPIDER power supply (PS) and auxiliary plant systems is being proceeding. Tests at full power and remote control are planned, including also those addressed to reproduce the grid breakdowns and to test the relevant protections. The design of the MITICA injector components was completed in 2015their procurement is being made through a number of tenders, some of them already launched. The HV Power Supply system of the MITICA 1MV accelerator, provided by JADA, was delivered on site in December 2015. The challenging installation of these components, including the step-up transformers and the SF6 gas insulated transmission line, started soon after and will go on throughout 2016. The present phase, with the PRIMA buildings continuously filled with new components, with the installation activities progressing and with also the commissioning and testing phase starting represents a substantial step forward toward the main target. The paper will describe the main challenges the Project Team has dealt during this phase and the important feedback derived for the ITER HNB systems both from the technical and the organizational standpoints.
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- 2017
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15. Progress on development of SPIDER diagnostics
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A. Muraro, Giuseppe Gorini, M. Dalla Palma, M. Brombin, M. Spolaore, M. Zaupa, Simone Peruzzo, L. Lotto, M. Tardocchi, Martina Bernardi, G. Serianni, Gabriele Croci, A. Pimazzoni, Andrea Rizzolo, Matteo Agostini, Barbara Zaniol, R. Delogu, Roberto Pasqualotto, Marco Barbisan, Roberto Cavazzana, N. Pomaro, Pasqualotto, R, Agostini, M, Barbisan, M, Bernardi, M, Brombin, M, Cavazzana, R, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, Gorini, G, Lotto, L, Muraro, A, Peruzzo, S, Pimazzoni, A, Pomaro, N, Rizzolo, A, Serianni, G, Spolaore, M, Tardocchi, M, Zaniol, B, and Zaupa, M
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Engineering ,Spectrometer ,Calorimeter (particle physics) ,Testing for education ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,Detector ,Geometrical optics ,Collimated light ,law.invention ,Amplifiers ,Physics and Astronomy (all) ,Optics ,law ,Electrostatics ,Electronic engineering ,Beam dump ,Electronics ,business ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
SPIDER experiment, the full size prototype of the beam source for the ITER heating neutral beam injector, has to demonstrate extraction and acceleration to 100 kV of a large negative ion hydrogen or deuterium beam with coextracted electron fraction e-/D
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- 2017
16. The ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility toward SPIDER operation
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J.F. Moreno, A. Zamengo, M. Urbani, P. Zaccaria, C. Baltador, W. Kraus, Alberto Ferro, V. Pilard, M. Spolaore, M. Bigi, H. Dhola, Ujjwal Baruah, Pierluigi Veltri, Gabriele Croci, M. J. Singh, A. Pimazzoni, G. Mico, C. Rotti, E. Spada, Piero Agostinetti, A. Muraro, Gabriele Manduchi, D. Gutierrez, L. Bailly-Maitre, M. Battistella, F. Fellin, Marica Rebai, M. Fröschle, Marco Barbisan, Emanuele Sartori, Marco Cavenago, G. Agarici, S. Dal Bello, M. Simon, V. Antoni, J. Chareyre, Luca Grando, R. Riedl, P. Jain, M. Valente, M.V. Nagaraju, Roberto Pasqualotto, Diego Marcuzzi, Gianluigi Serianni, M. Kushwah, M. Dalla Palma, M. Tardocchi, C. Wimmer, E. Bragulat, Barbara Zaniol, D. Boilson, J. Graceffa, D. Wünderlich, M. De Muri, R. S. Hemsworth, R. Delogu, L. Zanotto, M. Boldrin, Namita Singh, Ursel Fantz, M. Brombin, Matteo Agostini, M. Siragusa, R. Piovan, A. Patel, B. Raval, Riccardo Nocentini, G. Gambetta, N. Pomaro, Giuseppe Chitarin, F. Paolucci, M. Pavei, Silvia Spagnolo, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, Hitesh Patel, M. Recchia, A.K. Chakraborty, Bernd Heinemann, Loic Schiesko, A. De Lorenzi, A. Masiello, A. Garbuglia, M. Zaupa, Vanni Toigo, B. Schunke, G. Gomez, Andrea Rizzolo, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, Nicola Pilan, Tullio Bonicelli, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, Lennart Svensson, Toigo, V, Dal Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Dalla Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Gambetta, G, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Piovan, R, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Frã¶schle, M, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Nocentini, R, Riedl, R, Schiesko, L, Wimmer, C, Wã¼nderlich, D, Cavenago, M, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, and Hemsworth, R
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Spider ,Test facility ,Nuclear engineering ,PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,ITER, heating neutral beam injector (HNB), PRIMA: the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), SPIDER ,01 natural sciences ,SPIDER ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,heating neutral beam injector (HNB) ,ITER ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,Beam (structure) ,Nuclear and High Energy Physic - Abstract
SPIDER is one of two projects of the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility under construction in Padova, Italy, at the Consorzio RFX premises. It will have a 100 keV beam source with a full-size prototype of the radiofrequency ion source for the ITER neutral beam injector (NBI) and also, similar to the ITER diagnostic neutral beam, it is designed to operate with a pulse length of up to 3600 s, featuring an ITER-like magnetic filter field configuration (for high extraction of negative ions) and caesium oven (for high production of negative ions) layout as well as a wide set of diagnostics. These features will allow a reproduction of the ion source operation in ITER, which cannot be done in any other existing test facility. SPIDER realization is well advanced and the first operation is expected at the beginning of 2018, with the mission of achieving the ITER heating and diagnostic NBI ion source requirements and of improving its performance in terms of reliability and availability. This paper mainly focuses on the preparation of the first SPIDER operations - integration and testing of SPIDER components, completion and implementation of diagnostics and control and formulation of operation and research plan, based on a staged strategy
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- 2017
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17. The PRIMA test facility: SPIDER and MITICA test-beds for ITER neutral beam injectors
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S. Hanke, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, L. Bailly-Maitre, G. Gomez, Emanuele Sartori, Diego Marcuzzi, Atsushi Kojima, A.K. Chakraborty, Vanni Toigo, T. Maejima, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Nicola Pilan, G. Mico, C. Rotti, A. Sottocornola, A. Zamengo, A. Masiello, Nicolò Marconato, Giuseppe Gorini, V. Antoni, B. Schunke, J. Chareyre, Gabriele Manduchi, G. Rostagni, P. Zaccaria, Gianluigi Serianni, Y. Xue, Alberto Ferro, M. Valente, M. De Muri, M. Bigi, R. S. Hemsworth, A. Muraro, S. Ochoa, Gabriele Croci, M. Brombin, Hiroyuki Tobari, A. Pimazzoni, M. Kushwah, Simone Peruzzo, Andrea Rizzolo, D. Boilson, Piergiorgio Sonato, M.V. Nagaraju, M. Recchia, M. Zaupa, H. Yamanaka, M. Dalla Palma, F. Fellin, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, J.F. Moreno, L. Zanotto, M. Spolaore, Ujjwal Baruah, M. Siragusa, Bernd Heinemann, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, A. Garbuglia, A. Fiorentin, W. Kraus, M. Battistella, Muriel Simon, Francesco Gnesotto, E. Bragulat, Matteo Agostini, E. Ocello, Silvia Spagnolo, S. Dal Bello, Marco Cavenago, E. Spada, Daniel Gutierrez, Tullio Bonicelli, P. Blatchford, B. Chuilon, A. De Lorenzi, Piero Agostinetti, J. Graceffa, P. Jain, Marica Rebai, G. Gambetta, H.P.L. de Esch, A. Tonti, M. Moresco, Namita Singh, Lennart Svensson, Ursel Fantz, M. Urbani, M. Boldrin, C. Baltador, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, Giuseppe Chitarin, R. Piovan, H. Dhola, M. J. Singh, M. Tardocchi, Roberto Pasqualotto, V. Pilard, Pierluigi Veltri, G. Agarici, Mieko Kashiwagi, Barbara Zaniol, R. Delogu, Marco Barbisan, Luca Grando, F. Paolucci, Hitesh Patel, N. Pomaro, Naotaka Umeda, Marco D’Arienzo, B. Raval, Volker Hauer, A. Patel, Masaya Hanada, Toigo, V, Piovan, R, Bello, S, Gaio, E, Luchetta, A, Pasqualotto, R, Zaccaria, P, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Marcuzzi, D, Pomaro, N, Serianni, G, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Aprile, D, Baltador, C, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Boldrin, M, Brombin, M, Palma, M, De Lorenzi, A, Delogu, R, De Muri, M, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Gambetta, G, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Jain, P, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Moresco, M, Ocello, E, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pimazzoni, A, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Sartori, E, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zaupa, M, Boilson, D, Graceffa, J, Svensson, L, Schunke, B, Decamps, H, Urbani, M, Kushwah, M, Chareyre, J, Singh, M, Bonicelli, T, Agarici, G, Garbuglia, A, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Simon, M, Bailly maitre, L, Bragulat, E, Gomez, G, Gutierrez, D, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Pilard, V, Kashiwagi, M, Hanada, M, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Maejima, T, Kojima, A, Umeda, N, Yamanaka, H, Chakraborty, A, Baruah, U, Rotti, C, Patel, H, Nagaraju, M, Singh, N, Patel, A, Dhola, H, Raval, B, Fantz, U, Heinemann, B, Kraus, W, Hanke, S, Hauer, V, Ochoa, S, Blatchford, P, Chuilon, B, Xue, Y, De Esch, H, Hemsworth, R, Croci, G, Gorini, G, Rebai, M, Muraro, A, Tardocchi, M, Cavenago, M, D'Arienzo, M, Sandri, S, and Tonti, A
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Nuclear engineering ,General Physics and Astronomy ,PRIMA ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,MITICA ,Physics and Astronomy (all) ,Neutral beam injector ,law ,ITER ,0103 physical sciences ,ddc:530 ,ITER, heating neutral beam injector, ITER neutral beam test facility, PRIMA, SPIDER, MITICA ,010306 general physics ,heating neutral beam injector ,Physics ,Spider ,Test facility ,ITER neutral beam test facility ,Advanced stage ,Injector ,SPIDER ,Atomic physics ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
The ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), called PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), is hosted in Padova, Italy and includes two experiments: MITICA, the full-scale prototype of the ITER heating neutral beam injector, and SPIDER, the full-size radio frequency negative-ions source. The NBTF realization and the exploitation of SPIDER and MITICA have been recognized as necessary to make the future operation of the ITER heating neutral beam injectors efficient and reliable, fundamental to the achievement of thermonuclear-relevant plasma parameters in ITER. This paper reports on design and R&D carried out to construct PRIMA, SPIDER and MITICA, and highlights the huge progress made in just a few years, from the signature of the agreement for the NBTF realization in 2011, up to now - when the buildings and relevant infrastructures have been completed, SPIDER is entering the integrated commissioning phase and the procurements of several MITICA components are at a well advanced stage
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- 2017
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18. Design of a High Resolution Probe Head for Electromagnetic Turbulence Investigations in W7-X
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M. Brombin, Carsten Killer, Piero Agostinetti, Simone Peruzzo, M. Moresco, Michele Visentin, Monica Spolaore, Nicola Vianello, Olaf Grulke, L. Franchin, V. Cervaro, Emilio Martines, Agostinetti, P, Spolaore, M, Brombin, M, Cervaro, V, Franchin, L, Grulke, O, Killer, C, Martines, E, Moresco, M, Peruzzo, S, Vianello, N, and Visentin, M
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Turbulence ,Resolution (electron density) ,Edge region ,High resolution ,Mechanical engineering ,Electromagnetic Turbulence ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Electromagnetic fluctuations ,W7-X ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) ,stellarator ,0103 physical sciences ,Head (vessel) ,Electromagnetic fluctuation ,Work program ,Manipulator ,insertable probe ,010306 general physics ,Engineering design process ,High Resolution Probe - Abstract
A multi-purpose manipulator (MPM) system has been developed and installed on the W7-X vessel, aimed at investigating the edge plasmas of the stellarator. It is a flexible tool for integration of a variety of different diagnostics as e. g. electrical probes, probing magnetic coils, material collection, or material exposition probes, and gas injection. In the framework of the EUROfusion S1 work program for the preparation and exploitation of W7-X campaigns, a diagnostic insertable probe head called HRP (High Resolution Probe) has been developed by Consorzio RFX in collaboration with IPP Greifswald, to study the electrostatic and electromagnetic features of turbulence in the edge region of W7-X using the MPM.
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- 2017
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19. Overview of the JET results in support to ITER
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Alfredo Pironti, J. Simpson-Hutchinson, Sean Conroy, J. Uljanovs, D. Middleton-Gear, G. Possnert, C. Angioni, R. McAdams, Nicholas Watkins, E. Fortuna-Zalesna, A. Garcia-Carrasco, K. Gałązka, D. Nodwell, Pasquale Gaudio, R.A. Pitts, Svetlana V. Ratynskaia, Seppo Koivuranta, O. J. Kwon, C. Boyd, A. Boboc, M. Reinhart, Igor Lengar, Jarrod Leddy, Hiroyasu Utoh, J. H. Ahn, A. Stevens, J. Lönnroth, U. Kruezi, C. Guillemaut, N. Fonnesu, W. Studholme, Marek Rubel, P. Cahyna, O. McCormack, A. S. Jacobsen, D. Mazon, Gunta Kizane, N. Ashikawa, William Tang, J. Goff, F. Nespoli, Thomas Giegerich, G. Petravich, Angela Busse, Corneliu Porosnicu, M. Bigi, M. Wheatley, Christopher N. Bowman, J. Zacks, Ivan Calvo, U. Losada, H. Weisen, B. Bauvir, Stanislas Pamela, Sylvain Brémond, M.F. Stamp, Scott W. McIntosh, A. Rakha, S. Glöggler, V. Braic, C. Bottereau, S. Murphy, S. Knott, Luigi Fortuna, P. Bunting, N. Vora, S. D. Scott, A. Lazaros, R. Dejarnac, P. Buratti, H.R. Strauss, Gabriele Croci, M. Nocente, A. Hollingsworth, S. Reynolds, D. J. Wilson, D. D. Brown, T.C. Luce, S. Zoletnik, E. Nilsson, L. Laguardia, O. Marchuk, F.P. Orsitto, E. Cecil, V. Huber, J. B. Girardo, Stylianos Varoutis, M. D. Axton, Hyun-Tae Kim, E. Safi, Ch. Day, S. Arshad, J. Rzadkiewicz, P. Prior, A. Meigs, S. Esquembri, P. Gohil, K. Purahoo, Torbjörn Hellsten, N. Tipton, R. Guirlet, E. Joffrin, V. Aldred, Calin Besliu, M. Valentinuzzi, G. T. Jones, J. Edwards, Giuseppe Ambrosino, Laurent Marot, N. Lam, F. Crisanti, G. Verona Rinati, R. Marshal, Michael L. Brown, D. Frigione, D. Chandra, Michaele Freisinger, R. Olney, Jari Varje, S. Whetham, F. Parra Diaz, M. R. Hough, P. Dinca, F. Salzedas, A. Goodyear, R. Gowland, J. A. Wilson, J. Horacek, D. King, K. Flinders, I. R. Merrigan, M. Ghate, R. Michling, F. Saint-Laurent, G. Kocsis, D. Van Eester, C. Young, R. O. Dendy, A. Meakins, N. Pace, C. L. Hunter, D. Alegre, S. Foster, V. Riccardo, M. Bulman, C. Jeong, Marek Szawlowski, B. D. Whitehead, Vasily Kiptily, James Harrison, Hiroshi Tojo, G. T. A. Huijsmans, J. W. Coenen, X. Litaudon, Justin Williams, C. Hidalgo, S. Lesnoj, I.E. Day, A. W. Morris, R. Mooney, Yann Corre, S. Brezinsek, B. Gonçalves, M. Kresina, D. Coombs, F. Köchl, J. L. Gardarein, W. Davis, Aqsa Shabbir, Kanti M. Aggarwal, L. Colas, A. B. Kukushkin, Seppo Sipilä, Elisabeth Rachlew, Leena Aho-Mantila, O. G. Pompilian, E. Viezzer, Shane Cooper, Fabio Villone, P. Blanchard, Patrick Tamain, P. Camp, T. Szabolics, C. Luna, Kalle Heinola, H. G. Esser, V. Bobkov, James Buchanan, Andrew West, Hajime Urano, Roberta Lima Gomes, J.P. Coad, Th. Pütterich, A. Sinha, S. Hollis, R. D. Wood, G. D. Ewart, F. S. Griph, T. Kobuchi, X. Lefebvre, S. Warder, A.J. Thornton, S. Peschanyi, B. Graham, Giuseppe Telesca, M. Kempenaars, J. Bernardo, M. Hughes, Eva Belonohy, S. Schmuck, Kai Nordlund, T. J. Smith, P. Hertout, K. D. Lawson, M. Brix, Matthew Sibbald, Grégoire Hornung, C. Tame, Matthew Carr, S. Wray, P. T. Doyle, A. Somers, Giuseppe Chitarin, D. C. Campling, Mitul Abhangi, I. Jepu, David A. Wood, J. Miettunen, A. Sopplesa, Raffaele Fresa, S. Saarelma, M. Bacharis, J. Pozzi, P. Vallejos Olivares, Teddy Craciunescu, Raffaele Albanese, S. Knipe, Jason P. Byrne, A. C. C. Sips, S. Hazel, V. Kazantzidis, G. Stankūnas, A. Kundu, J. Mailloux, C. Guerard, Pramit Dutta, J. E. Boom, Eduardo Alves, P. Grazier, Saskia Mordijck, V.S. Neverov, Kazuo Hoshino, A. P. Vadgama, P. D. Brennan, P. Innocente, Piergiorgio Sonato, M. Irishkin, M. Berry, D. W. Robson, Dieter Leichtle, Fabio Pisano, P. McCullen, T. M. Huddleston, Kensaku Kamiya, D. Pacella, Tommy Ahlgren, A. Kirschner, B. Magesh, A. Ash, J. Mlynář, C. Castaldo, C. Marchetto, D. L. Hillis, M. Incelli, B. Viola, R. J. Robins, E. Andersson Sundén, G. Ramogida, Matthew Reinke, Gerd Meisl, Yannis Kominis, R. Proudfoot, C. Noble, N. J. Conway, V. P. Lo Schiavo, Jorge Luis Rodriguez, Hugo Bufferand, C. H. A. Hogben, B. Evans, R. Sartori, H. Greuner, M. G. Dunne, K. Schöpf, M. I. K. Santala, E. Giovannozzi, A. E. Shevelev, C. Gil, P. Boulting, P. Sagar, A.E. Shumack, P. A. Coates, C. Ayres, R. Prakash, C. Giroud, M. Parsons, J. C. Giacalone, S. Meshchaninov, A. Peackoc, G. De Temmerman, A.C.A. Figueiredo, D. Gallart, P. Santa, Sergey Popovichev, Ivan Lupelli, M. Valovic, Thomas Johnson, Y. Martynova, M. Rack, Olivier Sauter, J. Garcia, P. Siren, I. Balboa, S. Lee, Hans Nordman, R. Roccella, M. Faitsch, Julien Hillairet, Patrick J. McCarthy, C. Reux, Irena Ivanova-Stanik, V. Coccorese, Ye. O. Kazakov, R. El-Jorf, C. Hamlyn-Harris, Matthias Weiszflog, C. F. Maggi, Panagiotis Tolias, N. C. Hawkes, E. Clark, Bruno Santos, B. Sieglin, R. Rodionov, Roch Kwiatkowski, P. Denner, C. Woodley, Hugh Summers, Francesco Pizzo, G. Pucella, D. Croft, F. Di Maio, M. Tomes, D. Molina, A. Fernades, L. Amicucci, Marco Cecconello, A. Bisoffi, Z. Ul-Abidin, J. Wilkinson, H. Maier, S. Rowe, M. Beckers, P.J. Knight, E. Pajuste, Choong-Seock Chang, K. Deakin, M. Enachescu, A. Cobalt, D. Tskhakaya Jun, Michela Gelfusa, Rémy Nouailletas, R. Ragona, N. Bonanomi, D. A. Homfray, K. Riddle, Yann Camenen, J. D. Thomas, R.P. Doerner, Timothy P. Robinson, Y. Miyoshi, Ph. Jacquet, H. T. Lambertz, D. Pulley, A. Bécoulet, E. Tholerus, O. Bogar, M. Peterka, R. Crowe, C. Sommariva, A. R. Talbot, N. K. Butler, N. Reid, R. Zagórski, Gerald Pintsuk, Juri Romazanov, Andre Neto, G. L. Ravera, Paolo Arena, A. Manning, F. Durodié, Maryna Chernyshova, D. Karkinsky, Štefan Matejčík, J. P. Thomas, A. Wilson, L. Joita, R. Naish, P. Strand, M. Balden, M. Kaufman, T. Powell, V. Schmidt, D. Barnes, José Vicente, S. Doswon, Daniel F. Valcarcel, Claudia Corradino, R. Warren, Annette M. Hynes, J. D. Strachan, A. M. Messiaen, M. Kovari, O. Omolayo, D. M. Witts, R. C. Felton, C. Fleming, C. A. Marren, Patrick Maget, J. Galdon-Quiroga, H. R. Koslowski, Bruce Lipschultz, Ana Elisa Bauer de Camargo Silva, J. Waterhouse, R. J. Dumont, M. Schneider, Sara Moradi, K. J. Nicholls, M. Beldishevski, Benedikt Geiger, A. Jardin, A. Ekedahl, A. Lyssoivan, C. Waldon, Davide Galassi, F. Jaulmes, A. Kirk, Yannick Marandet, F. Hasenbeck, Gabor Szepesi, R. C. Pereira, J. Juul Rasmussen, Nobuyuki Aiba, Michelle E. Walker, Gábor Cseh, Scott W. Mosher, R. Bastow, A. Di Siena, E. Lazzaro, M. Curuia, C. D. Challis, Z. Ghani, J. Deane, João M. C. Sousa, Henrik Sjöstrand, T. O'Gorman, H. R. Wilson, P. Devynck, M. Price, C. A. Thompson, Daniele Marocco, A. Cullen, M. Clark, M. Lennholm, D. Carralero, N. Balshaw, Roland Sabot, I. Stepanov, N. Petrella, Filippo Sartori, L. W. Packer, P. Thomas, M. Lungu, A. V. Krasilnikov, R. Young, Jonathan Graves, J. C. Hillesheim, Mǎdǎlina Vlad, Duccio Testa, Pierre Dumortier, Paulo Carvalho, M. Gosk, Yong-Su Na, M. Buckley, Carlos A. Silva, V. Fuchs, K. Vasava, P. A. Tigwell, B. Wakeling, M. Medland, M. Bellinger, K. Gal, Petter Ström, E. Veshchev, F. Nabais, A. Wynn, L. Lauro Taroni, B. Beckett, L. Gil, M. Towndrow, Brian Grierson, Harry M. Meyer, V. Philipps, A. de Castro, D. Kinna, D. Conka, Göran Ericsson, L. Piron, J. Hawkins, D. Cooper, Kenneth Hammond, V.V. Parail, Cristian Ruset, G.J. van Rooij, M. N. A. Beurskens, N. Fawlk, G. Evison, M. Van De Mortel, N. Marcenko, B. Slade, Th. Franke, Simone Peruzzo, N. den Harder, D. Baião, A. Martin de Aguilera, Frederic Imbeaux, Carlo Sozzi, J.L. de Pablos, J. Svensson, A. Withycombe, Ane Lasa, H. Sheikh, V.A. Yavorskij, Nick Walkden, E. Lerche, C. S. Gibson, Roberto Zanino, Y. Peysson, David Hatch, B. Bazylev, E. de la Cal, S. Hacquin, T. D. V. Haupt, S. A. Silburn, T.T.C. Jones, Maria Teresa Porfiri, Walid Helou, S. E. Sharapov, M. Zerbini, Ken W Bell, Marco Marinelli, Kyriakos Hizanidis, J. M. Fontdecaba, N. Teplova, K. K. Kirov, S. Vartanian, W. W. Pires de Sa, T. C. Hender, J. K. Blackburn, I. Monakhov, H. Patten, P. A. Simmons, Y. Austin, J. Regana, Stefano Coda, Amanda J. Page, D. Fuller, António J.N. Batista, A. Horton, P. Heesterman, S. Cramp, J. Hobirk, F. Clairet, A. Burckhart, M. Allinson, Larry R. Baylor, W. Leysen, D. B. Gin, P. Nielsen, A. Kantor, Yueqiang Liu, A.V. Stephen, Jose Ramon Martin-Solis, P. Mantica, B. C. Regan, Aleksander Drenik, A. Lukin, L. Thorne, G. Nemtsev, J. Denis, M. E. Graham, D. Rigamonti, W. Van Renterghem, M. Tardocchi, M. Koubiti, A. Malaquias, M. Tsalas, A. Cufar, Giuseppe Prestopino, D. Kogut, N. Pomaro, J. Keep, Jochen Linke, Shimpei Futatani, Boris Breizman, A. Sirinelli, M. Chandler, M. Fortune, F. Degli Agostini, I. Jenkins, T. Spelzini, G. Calabrò, O. N. Kent, A. Lunniss, Etienne Hodille, Z. Vizvary, Volker Naulin, T. Eich, F. Mink, A. Alkseev, P. W. Haydon, Massimo Angelone, Norberto Catarino, J. Lapins, Roberto Pasqualotto, R. Lawless, T. Schlummer, F. Bonelli, M. Wischmeier, Stéphane Devaux, G. Saibene, Dirk Reiser, Y. R. Martin, H. Bergsåker, Jon Godwin, Alessia Santucci, C. Lane, Justyna Grzonka, Ph. Mertens, Claudio Verona, David Moulton, E. Delabie, Anna Salmi, P. G. Smith, T. Bolzonella, Silvio Ceccuzzi, Ulrich Fischer, G. Liu, M. A. Henderson, M. Marinucci, T. Suzuki, Jakub Bielecki, João Figueiredo, M. Afzal, J. Cane, Robert Hager, Luciano Bertalot, M. Firdaouss, G. Tvalashvili, D. Hepple, D. Esteve, M. De Bock, Y. Baranov, R. D'Inca, G. De Tommasi, Ch. Linsmeier, T. Nicolas, I. J. Pearson, P. Finburg, Ireneusz Książek, S. Talebzadeh, A. Czarnecka, A. Botrugno, M. Gethins, Bohdan Bieg, R. Baughan, I. Borodkina, B. Kos, A. Muraro, T. Vasilopoulou, G. Hermon, S.J. Wukitch, Jari Likonen, D. P. Coster, Guglielmo Rubinacci, I. H. Coffey, Justine M. Kent, S. E. Dorling, J. Dankowski, Geert Verdoolaege, Daisuke Nishijima, R. Clarkson, E. R. Solano, M. Stephen, A. Lescinskis, P. Staniec, Karl Schmid, M. Mayer, Peter Lang, T. Franklin, M.I. Williams, C. G. Elsmore, F. Maviglia, C. Di Troia, C. Penot, A. Zarins, Pierre Manas, D. F. Gear, Yu Gao, Philipp Drews, E. Letellier, A. S. Thompson, L. Forsythe, I. Zychor, E. Khilkevich, A. Manzanares, T. Nakano, Paulo Rodrigues, J. Edmond, Sebastián Dormido-Canto, R. Dux, C. Appelbee, L. Moser, Angelo Cenedese, D. Fagan, N. Richardson, Giuseppe Gorini, V. Rohde, R. Paprok, João P. S. Bizarro, P. Aleynikov, M. Sertoli, Ł. Świderski, Simone Palazzo, O. W. Davies, D. Douai, N. Macdonald, M. Baruzzo, J. López-Razola, M. Lungaroni, D. Clatworthy, R. Bravanec, J. Lovell, Ambrogio Fasoli, S.-P. Pehkonen, M. E. Puiatti, P. Papp, G. Bodnar, V. Aslanyan, A. Weckmann, K. A. Taylor, R. Henriques, I. T. Chapman, Ewa Pawelec, Miles M. Turner, Steven J. Meitner, M. Bernert, Ph. Maquet, R. C. Meadows, A. Shaw, N. Vianello, L. Barrera Orte, Tomas Markovic, A. Fil, A. S. Couchman, Inessa Bolshakova, J. Fyvie, Konstantina Mergia, J. Gallagher, R.V. Budny, Frank Leipold, C. J. Rapson, R. C. Lobel, Gennady V. Miloshevsky, K.-D. Zastrow, Ph. Duckworth, Gianluca Rubino, G. Withenshaw, S. Maruyama, S. P. Hallworth Cook, M. Newman, Jérôme Bucalossi, P. Drewelow, Nuno Cruz, D. Iglesias, I. Nedzelski, T. Donne, P. Leichuer, R. Cesario, M. D. J. Bright, T. Boyce, N. Imazawa, Per Petersson, R. King, A. Loving, L. Garzotti, Jorge Ferreira, G. Corrigan, D. Sandiford, B. Tal, P. Puglia, Daniel Tegnered, J. Karhunen, James S. Wright, Tom Wauters, J. McKehon, K. Rathod, Olivier Février, Alessandro Formisano, Petra Bilkova, M. Groth, Ricardo Magnus Osorio Galvao, F. Medina, S. Collins, H. J. Boyer, Elena Bruno, Horacio Fernandes, M. J. Stead, R. Paccagnella, J. Kaniewski, Ion E. Stamatelatos, F. Causa, M. F. F. Nave, A. Patel, D. C. McDonald, L. Moreira, Mariano Ruiz, K. Dylst, Raymond A. Shaw, A. Brett, Jane Johnston, P. P. Pereira Puglia, J. Ongena, N. A. Benterman, V. N. Amosov, Christian Grisolia, J. Simpson, C. Perez von Thun, Jan Weiland, P. Tonner, F. Belli, T. Odupitan, T. Dittmar, Edmund Highcock, Taina Kurki-Suonio, I. Uytdenhouwen, Estelle Gauthier, M. Oberkofler, B. Alper, Iris D. Young, S. Soare, Yuji Hatano, D. Reece, D. Borodin, M. Moneti, W. Yanling, S. Mianowski, K. Fenton, Stephen J. Bailey, R. Coelho, Sandra C. Chapman, E. Łaszyńska, A. R. Field, F.J. Martínez, Anders Nielsen, M. Smithies, M. J. Mantsinen, A. J. Capel, N. D. Smith, A. Pires dos Reis, M.-L. Mayoral, T. Loarer, P. Carman, N. Grazier, S. Breton, J. M. A. Bradshaw, Alexandre C. Pereira, Fulvio Auriemma, Fulvio Militello, Barbara Cannas, D. Ulyatt, A. Kappatou, P. Blatchford, R. Scannell, B. I. Oswuigwe, Darren Price, Robert E. Grove, D. Guard, M. Leyland, G. Stubbs, J. W. Banks, V.V. Plyusnin, M. S. J. Rainford, Andrea Murari, Sanjeev Ranjan, A. Huber, V. Krasilnikov, C. Bower, H. Leggate, S. Abduallev, P. Tsavalas, G. Giruzzi, K. Maczewa, Colin Roach, P. Beaumont, R. P. Johnson, Anna Widdowson, L. A. Kogan, A. Baron Wiechec, Markus Airila, J. Morris, Robert Skilton, Katarzyna Słabkowska, M. A. Barnard, Jean-Paul Booth, Alessandro Pau, R. Price, R. Bament, M. Tokitani, I. Turner, T. Vu, P. Huynh, S.N. Gerasimov, D. I. Refy, Yunfeng Liang, Anders Hjalmarsson, S. Dalley, Roberto Ambrosino, O. Hemming, T. R. Blackman, Y. Zhou, Vasile Zoita, P. Vincenzi, A. Loarte, C. Rayner, Martin Imrisek, M. Tripsky, C. Mazzotta, A. Uccello, V. Basiuk, Lide Yao, V. Goloborod'ko, S. Villari, B. P. Duval, N. Bulmer, W. Zhang, L. Hackett, D. N. Borba, M. Halitovs, Mario Pillon, H. Arnichand, Alberto Alfier, A. Lawson, A. Masiello, T. Makkonen, A. Vitins, D. Rendell, D. Paton, L. Avotina, A. Krivska, M. Maslov, Richard Verhoeven, Marc Goniche, A. Broslawski, Marica Rebai, E. de la Luna, E. Militello-Asp, V. Cocilovo, L. Carraro, Michael Fitzgerald, Bernardo B. Carvalho, D. Young, C.G. Lowry, F. J. Casson, L.-G. Eriksson, T. M. Biewer, B. Esposito, F.G. Rimini, J. Fessey, G. Kaveney, S. Hall, Robin Barnsley, Michael Lehnen, N. Bekris, L. F. Ruchko, P. Batistoni, E. Alessi, M. G. O'Mullane, D. S. Darrow, C. N. Grundy, N. Hayter, Ivo S. Carvalho, M. Brombin, Enrico Zilli, M. Valisa, M. Reich, S. Panja, C. Gurl, Charles Harrington, Emmanuele Peluso, M. Porton, Michael Walsh, D. Falie, A. Reed, Jacob Eriksson, P. Macheta, J. M. Faustin, S. Cortes, S. Fietz, P. Piovesan, D. Ciric, Eric Nardon, R. Neu, Bojiang Ding, G.A. Rattá, F. Reimold, R. Craven, M. Cox, J. Orszagh, Aaro Järvinen, A. S. Thrysøe, A. Shepherd, I. Ďuran, Andrew M. Edwards, A. Kinch, J. Beal, M. Gherendi, Martin Köppen, D. Samaddar, P. Dalgliesh, I. Vinyar, J. Jansons, Nengchao Wang, J. Wu, John Wright, S. Wiesen, C. King, Alessandra Fanni, L. D. Horton, N. Krawczyk, J. Buch, K. Krieger, Václav Petržílka, D. Schworer, C. Watts, T. Keenan, Andrea Malizia, B. D. Stevens, P. Trimble, C. P. Lungu, V. Prajapati, Marco Ariola, C. Wellstood, S. Gilligan, Mirko Salewski, Michael Barnes, Florin Spineanu, H. Doerk, C. Kennedy, S. Jachmich, J. Caumont, Isabel L. Nunes, A. Petre, A. Kallenbach, M. Anghel, B. Lomanowski, Marco Riva, M. Romanelli, G. De Masi, T. May-Smith, T. Xu, A. Goussarov, S. Romanelli, M. Okabayashi, A. Baker, R. Salmon, T. Tala, Nicolas Fedorczak, S. Lanthaler, Giuliana Sias, J. Risner, Clarisse Bourdelle, M. E. Manso, Fabio Moro, R. Lucock, M. Bassan, M. T. Ogawa, V. Thompson, A. M. Whitehead, S. D. A. Reyes Cortes, Igor Bykov, Gennady Sergienko, E. Stefanikova, Mattia Frasca, H. Dabirikhah, Lorenzo Frassinetti, N. Dzysiuk, D. L. Keeling, Juan Manuel López, M. Turnyanskiy, Daniel Dunai, David Taylor, Arturo Buscarino, Carolina Björkas, A. Baciero, S. Meigh, M. Garcia-Munoz, Massimiliano Mattei, M. Hill, Gwyndaf Evans, S. Minucci, Xiang Gao, A. V. Chankin, Francesco Romanelli, A. Lahtinen, L. Giacomelli, A. Owen, Jesús Vega, Jonathan Citrin, Antti Hakola, Petr Vondracek, Sehyun Kwak, P. Abreu, L. Meneses, S. S. Medley, G. Gervasini, Surya K. Pathak, Kristel Crombé, M. Cleverly, H.S. Kim, C. Stan-Sion, Nobuyuki Asakura, E. Wang, A. Cardinali, L. Fazendeiro, R. Cavazzana, P. J. Lomas, J. Hawes, G. Stables, Silvia Spagnolo, S. P. Hotchin, N. R. Green, Slawomir Jednorog, Ewa Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, A. Martin, Linwei Li, Rajnikant Makwana, Richard Goulding, I. Voitsekhovitch, M. Bowden, I. Kodeli, Peter Hawkins, S. S. Henderson, Ondrej Ficker, Carl Hellesen, D. Yadikin, Fabio Subba, Luka Snoj, Anthony Laing, N. Ben Ayed, Mario Cavinato, M. Goodliffe, C. Clements, D. Kenny, Axel Klix, S. Gee, R. J. E. Smith, P. de Vries, L. Fittill, Min-Gu Yoo, S. Menmuir, K. Cave-Ayland, S. Potzel, D. Grist, K. Blackman, S. A. Robinson, Rodney Walker, David Pfefferlé, W. Broeckx, D. Harting, S. G. J. Tyrrell, F. Binda, L. Horvath, Davide Flammini, P. V. Edappala, Raul Moreno, G. M. D. Hogeweij, P. Card, A. Hagar, Ion Tiseanu, Rita Lorenzini, L. Appel, Jet Contributors, J. Flanagan, C. Paz Soldan, U. Samm, Otto Asunta, F. Eriksson, C. Taliercio, F. S. Zaitsev, G. F. Matthews, Tuomas Koskela, P. J. Howarth, D. Terranova, M. Skiba, Amanda Hubbard, R. Otin, K. G. McClements, M. Park, R. McKean, C. Christopher Klepper, I. Karnowska, Peter J. Pool, G. Ciraolo, Jennifer M. Lehmann, Institut de Mécanique des Fluides et des Solides (IMFS), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT), Association EURATOM-TEKES, Association EURATOM-TEKES, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland, Assoc. Euratom-ENEA-CREATE, Universita Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria [Reggio Calabria], EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre [Abingdon], Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear (ITN), ITN, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ITER organization (ITER), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), European Fusion Development Agreement [Garching bei München] ( EFDA-CSU), Institut d'ophtalmologie Hédi-Rais de Tunis, Service Cardiologie [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Cardiovasculaire et Métabolique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Assoc., Magnetic Sensor laboratory [Lviv] (MSL), National Polytechnic University of Lviv (LPNU), The National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) [Moscow, Russia], Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Plasma Physics (IEK-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Institute for Problems of Material Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Institute of Plasma Physics [Praha], Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Méthodes et Modèles Mathématiques pour l'Industrie (3MI-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre G2I, Department of Hydraulics, Transportations and Roads, Laboratoire de microbiologie et génétique moléculaires - UMR5100 (LMGM), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department (MS 388), University of Nevada [Reno], AUTRES, Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion [Warsaw] (IPPLM), Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE), Astrophysics Research Centre [Belfast] (ARC), Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), School of Mathematics [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Associazone EURATOM ENEA sulla Fusione, EURATOM, Laboratoire de physique des plasmas de l'ERM, Laboratorium voor plasmafysica van de KMS (LPP ERM KMS), Ecole Royale Militaire / Koninklijke Militaire School (ERM KMS), Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik (PDI), Institut für Physik, University of Basel (Unibas), Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research [Nieuwegein] (DIFFER), Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research [Eindhoven] (DIFFER), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEA Cadarache, Dipartimento di Energia [Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille économie management - UMR 9221 (LEM), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Euratom research and training programme 633053, Institut de Mécanique des Fluides et des Solides ( IMFS ), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland ( VTT ), Univ. Mediterranea RC, Culham Science Centre, Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear ( ITN ), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] ( IPP ), Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, ITER Organization, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ( KIT ), Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique ( LNIO ), Institut Charles Delaunay ( ICD ), Université de Technologie de Troyes ( UTT ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Technologie de Troyes ( UTT ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ( ICSN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique ( IRFM ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), European Fusion Development Agreement [Garching bei München] ( EFDA-CSU ), Service de cardiologie [Toulouse], Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital de Rangueil, ITER [St. Paul-lez-Durance], ITER, Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique ( LHEEA ), École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), MSL, Lviv Polytechnic National University ( MSL ), Lviv Polytechnic National University, Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion ( CERAG ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Plasma Physics ( IEK-4 ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine ( NASU ), Lille - Economie et Management ( LEM ), Université catholique de Lille ( UCL ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] ( ASCR ), Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires ( PIIM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Méthodes et Modèles Mathématiques pour l'Industrie ( 3MI-ENSMSE ), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne ( Mines Saint-Étienne MSE ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre G2I, Laboratoire de microbiologie et génétique moléculaires ( LMGM ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Nevada, Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion [Warsaw] ( IPPLM ), UCL Department of Space and Climate Physics, University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Astrophysics Research Centre [Belfast] ( ARC ), Queen's University [Belfast] ( QUB ), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information ( CEA-LETI ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Grenoble Alpes [Saint Martin d'Hères], Cardiff School of Mathematics, Laboratoire de physique des plasmas de l'ERM, Laboratorium voor plasmafysica van de KMS ( LPP ERM KMS ), Ecole Royale Militaire / Koninklijke Militaire School ( ERM KMS ), Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, University of Basel ( Unibas ), Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research [Nieuwegein] ( DIFFER ), Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research [Eindhoven] ( DIFFER ), Institut Jean Lamour ( IJL ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano [Milan], Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres ( M2P2 ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANT - Advanced Nuclear Technologies Research Group, JET Contributors, Litaudon, X, Abduallev, S, Abhangi, M, Abreu, P, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, K, Ahlgren, T, Ahn, J, Aho Mantila, L, Aiba, N, Airila, M, Albanese, R, Aldred, V, Alegre, D, Alessi, E, Aleynikov, P, Alfier, A, Alkseev, A, Allinson, M, Alper, B, Alves, E, Ambrosino, G, Ambrosino, R, Amicucci, L, Amosov, V, Andersson Sundén, E, Angelone, M, Anghel, M, Angioni, C, Appel, L, Appelbee, C, Arena, P, Ariola, M, Arnichand, H, Arshad, S, Ash, A, Ashikawa, N, Aslanyan, V, Asunta, O, Auriemma, F, Austin, Y, Avotina, L, Axton, M, Ayres, C, Bacharis, M, Baciero, A, Baiã¡o, D, Bailey, S, Baker, A, Balboa, I, Balden, M, Balshaw, N, Bament, R, Banks, J, Baranov, Y, Barnard, M, Barnes, D, Barnes, M, Barnsley, R, Baron Wiechec, A, Barrera Orte, L, Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V, Bassan, M, Bastow, R, Batista, A, Batistoni, P, Baughan, R, Bauvir, B, Baylor, L, Bazylev, B, Beal, J, Beaumont, P, Beckers, M, Beckett, B, Becoulet, A, Bekris, N, Beldishevski, M, Bell, K, Belli, F, Bellinger, M, Belonohy, Ã, Ben Ayed, N, Benterman, N, Bergsã¥ker, H, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Berry, M, Bertalot, L, Besliu, C, Beurskens, M, Bieg, B, Bielecki, J, Biewer, T, Bigi, M, Bãlkovã¡, P, Binda, F, Bisoffi, A, Bizarro, J, Bjã¶rkas, C, Blackburn, J, Blackman, K, Blackman, T, Blanchard, P, Blatchford, P, Bobkov, V, Boboc, A, Bodnã¡r, G, Bogar, O, Bolshakova, I, Bolzonella, T, Bonanomi, N, Bonelli, F, Boom, J, Booth, J, Borba, D, Borodin, D, Borodkina, I, Botrugno, A, Bottereau, C, Boulting, P, Bourdelle, C, Bowden, M, Bower, C, Bowman, C, Boyce, T, Boyd, C, Boyer, H, Bradshaw, J, Braic, V, Bravanec, R, Breizman, B, Bremond, S, Brennan, P, Breton, S, Brett, A, Brezinsek, S, Bright, M, Brix, M, Broeckx, W, Brombin, M, Broså‚awski, A, Brown, D, Brown, M, Bruno, E, Bucalossi, J, Buch, J, Buchanan, J, Buckley, M, Budny, R, Bufferand, H, Bulman, M, Bulmer, N, Bunting, P, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Buscarino, A, Busse, A, Butler, N, Bykov, I, Byrne, J, Cahyna, P, Calabrã², G, Calvo, I, Camenen, Y, Camp, P, Campling, D, Cane, J, Cannas, B, Capel, A, Card, P, Cardinali, A, Carman, P, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Carvalho, B, Carvalho, I, Carvalho, P, Casson, F, Castaldo, C, Catarino, N, Caumont, J, Causa, F, Cavazzana, R, Cave Ayland, K, Cavinato, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cecil, E, Cenedese, A, Cesario, R, Challis, C, Chandler, M, Chandra, D, Chang, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Chapman, S, Chernyshova, M, Chitarin, G, Ciraolo, G, Ciric, D, Citrin, J, Clairet, F, Clark, E, Clark, M, Clarkson, R, Clatworthy, D, Clements, C, Cleverly, M, Coad, J, Coates, P, Cobalt, A, Coccorese, V, Cocilovo, V, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Coffey, I, Colas, L, Collins, S, Conka, D, Conroy, S, Conway, N, Coombs, D, Cooper, D, Cooper, S, Corradino, C, Corre, Y, Corrigan, G, Cortes, S, Coster, D, Couchman, A, Cox, M, Craciunescu, T, Cramp, S, Craven, R, Crisanti, F, Croci, G, Croft, D, Crombã©, K, Crowe, R, Cruz, N, Cseh, G, Cufar, A, Cullen, A, Curuia, M, Czarnecka, A, Dabirikhah, H, Dalgliesh, P, Dalley, S, Dankowski, J, Darrow, D, Davies, O, Davis, W, Day, C, Day, I, De Bock, M, De Castro, A, De La Cal, E, De La Luna, E, De Masi, G, De Pablos, J, De Temmerman, G, De Tommasi, G, De Vries, P, Deakin, K, Deane, J, Degli Agostini, F, Dejarnac, R, Delabie, E, Den Harder, N, Dendy, R, Denis, J, Denner, P, Devaux, S, Devynck, P, Di Maio, F, Di Siena, A, Di Troia, C, Dinca, P, D'Inca, R, Ding, B, Dittmar, T, Doerk, H, Doerner, R, Donnã©, T, Dorling, S, Dormido Canto, S, Doswon, S, Douai, D, Doyle, P, Drenik, A, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Duckworth, P, Dumont, R, Dumortier, P, Dunai, D, Dunne, M, Äžuran, I, Durodiã©, F, Dutta, P, Duval, B, Dux, R, Dylst, K, Dzysiuk, N, Edappala, P, Edmond, J, Edwards, A, Edwards, J, Eich, T, Ekedahl, A, El Jorf, R, Elsmore, C, Enachescu, M, Ericsson, G, Eriksson, F, Eriksson, J, Eriksson, L, Esposito, B, Esquembri, S, Esser, H, Esteve, D, Evans, B, Evans, G, Evison, G, Ewart, G, Fagan, D, Faitsch, M, Falie, D, Fanni, A, Fasoli, A, Faustin, J, Fawlk, N, Fazendeiro, L, Fedorczak, N, Felton, R, Fenton, K, Fernades, A, Fernandes, H, Ferreira, J, Fessey, J, Fã©vrier, O, Ficker, O, Field, A, Fietz, S, Figueiredo, A, Figueiredo, J, Fil, A, Finburg, P, Firdaouss, M, Fischer, U, Fittill, L, Fitzgerald, M, Flammini, D, Flanagan, J, Fleming, C, Flinders, K, Fonnesu, N, Fontdecaba, J, Formisano, A, Forsythe, L, Fortuna, L, Fortuna Zalesna, E, Fortune, M, Foster, S, Franke, T, Franklin, T, Frasca, M, Frassinetti, L, Freisinger, M, Fresa, R, Frigione, D, Fuchs, V, Fuller, D, Futatani, S, Fyvie, J, Gã¡l, K, Galassi, D, Gaå‚azka, K, Galdon Quiroga, J, Gallagher, J, Gallart, D, Galvã¡o, R, Gao, X, Gao, Y, Garcia, J, Garcia Carrasco, A, GarcÃa Muñoz, M, Gardarein, J, Garzotti, L, Gaudio, P, Gauthier, E, Gear, D, Gee, S, Geiger, B, Gelfusa, M, Gerasimov, S, Gervasini, G, Gethins, M, Ghani, Z, Ghate, M, Gherendi, M, Giacalone, J, Giacomelli, L, Gibson, C, Giegerich, T, Gil, C, Gil, L, Gilligan, S, Gin, D, Giovannozzi, E, Girardo, J, Giroud, C, Giruzzi, G, Glã¶ggler, S, Godwin, J, Goff, J, Gohil, P, Goloborod'Ko, V, Gomes, R, Goncalves, B, Goniche, M, Goodliffe, M, Goodyear, A, Gorini, G, Gosk, M, Goulding, R, Goussarov, A, Gowland, R, Graham, B, Graham, M, Graves, J, Grazier, N, Grazier, P, Green, N, Greuner, H, Grierson, B, Griph, F, Grisolia, C, Grist, D, Groth, M, Grove, R, Grundy, C, Grzonka, J, Guard, D, Guã©rard, C, Guillemaut, C, Guirlet, R, Gurl, C, Utoh, H, Hackett, L, Hacquin, S, Hagar, A, Hager, R, Hakola, A, Halitovs, M, Hall, S, Hallworth Cook, S, Hamlyn Harris, C, Hammond, K, Harrington, C, Harrison, J, Harting, D, Hasenbeck, F, Hatano, Y, Hatch, D, Haupt, T, Hawes, J, Hawkes, N, Hawkins, J, Hawkins, P, Haydon, P, Hayter, N, Hazel, S, Heesterman, P, Heinola, K, Hellesen, C, Hellsten, T, Helou, W, Hemming, O, Hender, T, Henderson, M, Henderson, S, Henriques, R, Hepple, D, Hermon, G, Hertout, P, Hidalgo, C, Highcock, E, Hill, M, Hillairet, J, Hillesheim, J, Hillis, D, Hizanidis, K, Hjalmarsson, A, Hobirk, J, Hodille, E, Hogben, C, Hogeweij, G, Hollingsworth, A, Hollis, S, Homfray, D, Horã¡ä ek, J, Hornung, G, Horton, A, Horton, L, Horvath, L, Hotchin, S, Hough, M, Howarth, P, Hubbard, A, Huber, A, Huber, V, Huddleston, T, Hughes, M, Huijsmans, G, Hunter, C, Huynh, P, Hynes, A, Iglesias, D, Imazawa, N, Imbeaux, F, Imrãå¡ek, M, Incelli, M, Innocente, P, Irishkin, M, Ivanova Stanik, I, Jachmich, S, Jacobsen, A, Jacquet, P, Jansons, J, Jardin, A, Jã¤rvinen, A, Jaulmes, F, Jednorã³g, S, Jenkins, I, Jeong, C, Jepu, I, Joffrin, E, Johnson, R, Johnson, T, Johnston, J, Joita, L, Jones, G, Jones, T, Hoshino, K, Kallenbach, A, Kamiya, K, Kaniewski, J, Kantor, A, Kappatou, A, Karhunen, J, Karkinsky, D, Karnowska, I, Kaufman, M, Kaveney, G, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, V, Keeling, D, Keenan, T, Keep, J, Kempenaars, M, Kennedy, C, Kenny, D, Kent, J, Kent, O, Khilkevich, E, Kim, H, Kinch, A, King, C, King, D, King, R, Kinna, D, Kiptily, V, Kirk, A, Kirov, K, Kirschner, A, Kizane, G, Klepper, C, Klix, A, Knight, P, Knipe, S, Knott, S, Kobuchi, T, Kã¶chl, F, Kocsis, G, Kodeli, I, Kogan, L, Kogut, D, Koivuranta, S, Kominis, Y, Kã¶ppen, M, Kos, B, Koskela, T, Koslowski, H, Koubiti, M, Kovari, M, Kowalska StrzÈ©ciwilk, E, Krasilnikov, A, Krasilnikov, V, Krawczyk, N, Kresina, M, Krieger, K, Krivska, A, Kruezi, U, Ksiaå¼ek, I, Kukushkin, A, Kundu, A, Kurki Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Kwiatkowski, R, Kwon, O, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Laing, A, Lam, N, Lambertz, H, Lane, C, Lang, P, Lanthaler, S, Lapins, J, Lasa, A, Last, J, Å aszyå„ska, E, Lawless, R, Lawson, A, Lawson, K, Lazaros, A, Lazzaro, E, Leddy, J, Lee, S, Lefebvre, X, Leggate, H, Lehmann, J, Lehnen, M, Leichtle, D, Leichuer, P, Leipold, F, Lengar, I, Lennholm, M, Lerche, E, Lescinskis, A, Lesnoj, S, Letellier, E, Leyland, M, Leysen, W, Li, L, Liang, Y, Likonen, J, Linke, J, Linsmeier, C, Lipschultz, B, Liu, G, Liu, Y, Lo Schiavo, V, Loarer, T, Loarte, A, Lobel, R, Lomanowski, B, Lomas, P, Lã¶nnroth, J, Lã³pez, J, López Razola, J, Lorenzini, R, Losada, U, Lovell, J, Loving, A, Lowry, C, Luce, T, Lucock, R, Lukin, A, Luna, C, Lungaroni, M, Lungu, C, Lungu, M, Lunniss, A, Lupelli, I, Lyssoivan, A, Macdonald, N, Macheta, P, Maczewa, K, Magesh, B, Maget, P, Maggi, C, Maier, H, Mailloux, J, Makkonen, T, Makwana, R, Malaquias, A, Malizia, A, Manas, P, Manning, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manzanares, A, Maquet, P, Marandet, Y, Marcenko, N, Marchetto, C, Marchuk, O, Marinelli, M, Marinucci, M, Markoviä , T, Marocco, D, Marot, L, Marren, C, Marshal, R, Martin, A, Martin, Y, MartÃn De Aguilera, A, Martãnez, F, MartÃn SolÃs, J, Martynova, Y, Maruyama, S, Masiello, A, Maslov, M, Matejcik, S, Mattei, M, Matthews, G, Maviglia, F, Mayer, M, Mayoral, M, May Smith, T, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mcadams, R, Mccarthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mccormack, O, Mccullen, P, Mcdonald, D, Mcintosh, S, Mckean, R, Mckehon, J, Meadows, R, Meakins, A, Medina, F, Medland, M, Medley, S, Meigh, S, Meigs, A, Meisl, G, Meitner, S, Meneses, L, Menmuir, S, Mergia, K, Merrigan, I, Mertens, P, Meshchaninov, S, Messiaen, A, Meyer, H, Mianowski, S, Michling, R, Middleton Gear, D, Miettunen, J, Militello, F, Militello Asp, E, Miloshevsky, G, Mink, F, Minucci, S, Miyoshi, Y, Mlynã¡å™, J, Molina, D, Monakhov, I, Moneti, M, Mooney, R, Moradi, S, Mordijck, S, Moreira, L, Moreno, R, Moro, F, Morris, A, Morris, J, Moser, L, Mosher, S, Moulton, D, Murari, A, Muraro, A, Murphy, S, Asakura, N, Na, Y, Nabais, F, Naish, R, Nakano, T, Nardon, E, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nedzelski, I, Nemtsev, G, Nespoli, F, Neto, A, Neu, R, Neverov, V, Newman, M, Nicholls, K, Nicolas, T, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, P, Nilsson, E, Nishijima, D, Noble, C, Nocente, M, Nodwell, D, Nordlund, K, Nordman, H, Nouailletas, R, Nunes, I, Oberkofler, M, Odupitan, T, Ogawa, M, O'Gorman, T, Okabayashi, M, Olney, R, Omolayo, O, O'Mullane, M, Ongena, J, Orsitto, F, Orszagh, J, Oswuigwe, B, Otin, R, Owen, A, Paccagnella, R, Pace, N, Pacella, D, Packer, L, Page, A, Pajuste, E, Palazzo, S, Pamela, S, Panja, S, Papp, P, Paprok, R, Parail, V, Park, M, Parra Diaz, F, Parsons, M, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, A, Pathak, S, Paton, D, Patten, H, Pau, A, Pawelec, E, Paz Soldan, C, Peackoc, A, Pearson, I, Pehkonen, S, Peluso, E, Penot, C, Pereira, A, Pereira, R, Pereira Puglia, P, Perez Von Thun, C, Peruzzo, S, Peschanyi, S, Peterka, M, Petersson, P, Petravich, G, Petre, A, Petrella, N, Petrå¾ilka, V, Peysson, Y, Pfefferlã©, D, Philipps, V, Pillon, M, Pintsuk, G, Piovesan, P, Pires Dos Reis, A, Piron, L, Pironti, A, Pisano, F, Pitts, R, Pizzo, F, Plyusnin, V, Pomaro, N, Pompilian, O, Pool, P, Popovichev, S, Porfiri, M, Porosnicu, C, Porton, M, Possnert, G, Potzel, S, Powell, T, Pozzi, J, Prajapati, V, Prakash, R, Prestopino, G, Price, D, Price, M, Price, R, Prior, P, Proudfoot, R, Pucella, G, Puglia, P, Puiatti, M, Pulley, D, Purahoo, K, Pã¼tterich, T, Rachlew, E, Rack, M, Ragona, R, Rainford, M, Rakha, A, Ramogida, G, Ranjan, S, Rapson, C, 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K., Santos, B., Santucci, A., Sartori, F., Sartori, R., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Schlummer, T., Schmid, K., Schmidt, V., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schöpf, K., Schwörer, D., Scott, S. D., Sergienko, G., Sertoli, M., Shabbir, A., Sharapov, S. E., Shaw, A., Shaw, R., Sheikh, H., Shepherd, A., Shevelev, A., Shumack, A., Sias, G., Sibbald, M., Sieglin, B., Silburn, S., Silva, A., Silva, C., Simmons, P. A., Simpson, J., Simpson-Hutchinson, J., Sinha, A., Sipilä, S. K., Sips, A. C. C., Sirén, P., Sirinelli, A., Sjöstrand, H., Skiba, M., Skilton, R., Slabkowska, K., Slade, B., Smith, N., Smith, P. G., Smith, R., Smith, T. J., Smithies, M., Snoj, L., Soare, S., Solano, E. R., Somers, A., Sommariva, C., Sonato, P., Sopplesa, A., Sousa, J., Sozzi, C., Spagnolo, S., Spelzini, T., Spineanu, F., Stables, G., Stamatelatos, I., Stamp, M. F., Staniec, P., Stankūnas, G., Stan-Sion, C., Stead, M. J., Stefanikova, E., Stepanov, I., Stephen, A. V., Stephen, M., Stevens, A., Stevens, B. D., Strachan, J., Strand, P., Strauss, H. R., Ström, P., Stubbs, G., Studholme, W., Subba, F., Summers, H. P., Svensson, J., Świderski, Ł., Szabolics, T., Szawlowski, M., Szepesi, G., Suzuki, T. T., Tál, B., Tala, T., Talbot, A. R., Talebzadeh, S., Taliercio, C., Tamain, P., Tame, C., Tang, W., Tardocchi, M., Taroni, L., Taylor, D., Taylor, K. A., Tegnered, D., Telesca, G., Teplova, N., Terranova, D., Testa, D., Tholerus, E., Thomas, J., Thomas, J. D., Thomas, P., Thompson, A., Thompson, C. -A., Thompson, V. K., Thorne, L., Thornton, A., Thrysøe, A. S., Tigwell, P. A., Tipton, N., Tiseanu, I., Tojo, H., Tokitani, M., Tolias, P., Tomeš, M., Tonner, P., Towndrow, M., Trimble, P., Tripsky, M., Tsalas, M., Tsavalas, P., Tskhakaya jun, D., Turner, I., Turner, M. M., Turnyanskiy, M., Tvalashvili, G., Tyrrell, S. G. J., Uccello, A., Ul-Abidin, Z., Uljanovs, J., Ulyatt, D., Urano, H., Uytdenhouwen, I., Vadgama, A. P., Valcarcel, D., Valentinuzzi, M., Valisa, M., Vallejos Olivares, P., Valovic, M., Van De Mortel, M., Van Eester, D., Van Renterghem, W., van Rooij, G. J., Varje, J., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vasava, K., Vasilopoulou, T., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhoeven, R., Verona, C., Verona Rinati, G., Veshchev, E., Vianello, N., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Villari, S., Villone, F., Vincenzi, P., Vinyar, I., Viola, B., Vitins, A., Vizvary, Z., Vlad, M., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondráček, P., Vora, N., Vu, T., Pires de Sa, W. W., Wakeling, B., Waldon, C. W. F., Walkden, N., Walker, M., Walker, R., Walsh, M., Wang, E., Wang, N., Warder, S., Warren, R. J., Waterhouse, J., Watkins, N. W., Watts, C., Wauters, T., Weckmann, A., Weiland, J., Weisen, H., Weiszflog, M., Wellstood, C., West, A. T., Wheatley, M. R., Whetham, S., Whitehead, A. M., Whitehead, B. D., Widdowson, A. M., Wiesen, S., Wilkinson, J., Williams, J., Williams, M., Wilson, A. R., Wilson, D. J., Wilson, H. 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W., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Hôpital de Rangueil, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Laboratoire de microbiologie et génétique moléculaires (LMGM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Energia [Milano] (DENG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Research Centre Julich (FZJ), Institute for Plasma Research, Instituto Superior Tecnico Lisboa, Queen's University Belfast, University of Helsinki, CEA, Department of Applied Physics, School services, SCI, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, VTT, University of Naples Federico II, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, CNR, Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Ente Per Le Nuove Tecnologie L'energia e l'ambiente, Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Fusion Research, Uppsala University, National Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technology, Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik, University of Catania, Fusion for Energy Joint Undertaking, National Institutes of Natural Sciences - National Institute for Fusion Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Latvia, Imperial College London, CIEMAT, University of Oxford, EUROfusion Programme Management Unit, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, University of York, Royal Institute of Technology, Maritime University of Szczecin, H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Czech Academy of Sciences, University of Trento, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Comenius University, University of Milan - Bicocca, National Institute for Optoelectronics, Fourth State Research, University of Texas at Austin, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Princeton University, CNRS, University of Cagliari, University of Warwick, Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, FOM Institute DIFFER, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Ghent University, J. Stefan Institute, Universite de Lorraine, CAS - Institute of Plasma Physics, University of California at San Diego, Koninklijke Militaire School - Ecole Royale Militaire, Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, School services, ELEC, Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics, Automaatio- ja systeemitekniik, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Second University of Naples, Warsaw University of Technology, Universita della Basilicata, Barcelona Supercomp. Center, Universidad de Sevilla, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Sähkötekniikan laitos, University of Rome Tor Vergata, RAS - Ioffe Physico Technical Institute, General Atomics, University of Innsbruck, Fusion and Plasma Physics, University of Toyama, University of Strathclyde, National Technical University of Athens, Universita della Tuscia, Technical University of Denmark, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul National University, University College Cork, Vienna University of Technology, University of Opole, Daegu University, National Fusion Research Institute, Dublin City University, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, PELIN LLC, Arizona State University, Universidad Complutense, University of Basel, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Consorzio CREATE, Demokritos National Centre for Scientific Research, Purdue University, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, School Services, ARTS, Department of Design, University of California Office of the President, Universidade de Sao Paulo, School Services, BIZ, Department of Information and Service Management, Lithuanian Energy Institute, HRS Fusion, Politecnico di Torino, University of Cassino, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Faculdade de Engenharia
- Subjects
Technology ,fusion ,Física [Ciências exactas e naturais] ,Tokamak ,Nuclear engineering ,DIAGNOSTICS ,01 natural sciences ,ILW ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,Ilw ,[SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,Plasma ,H-Mode Plasmas ,law ,ITER ,Disruption Prediction ,COLLISIONALITY ,EDGE LOCALIZED MODES ,Diagnostics ,Operation ,JET ,plasma ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Physics ,Jet (fluid) ,JET, plasma, fusion, ITER ,Divertor ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics ,DENSITY PEAKING ,Carbon Wall ,H-MODE PLASMAS ,[ SPI.MECA.MEFL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph] ,Density Peaking ,Neutron transport ,Facing Components ,Collisionality ,114 Physical sciences ,Física, Física ,Nuclear physics ,Physical sciences [Natural sciences] ,Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik ,Pedestal ,0103 physical sciences ,Nuclear fusion ,ddc:530 ,Neutron ,010306 general physics ,Fusion ,Physics, Physical sciences ,Nuclear and High Energy Physic ,Edge Localized Modes ,QC717 ,Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Reactors de fusió ,Física ,FACING COMPONENTS ,Fusion reactors ,Jet ,CARBON WALL ,DISRUPTION PREDICTION ,OPERATION ,ddc:600 - Abstract
The 2014–2016 JET results are reviewed in the light of their significance for optimising the ITER research plan for the active and non-active operation. More than 60 h of plasma operation with ITER first wall materials successfully took place since its installation in 2011. New multi-machine scaling of the type I-ELM divertor energy flux density to ITER is supported by first principle modelling. ITER relevant disruption experiments and first principle modelling are reported with a set of three disruption mitigation valves mimicking the ITER setup. Insights of the L–H power threshold in Deuterium and Hydrogen are given, stressing the importance of the magnetic configurations and the recent measurements of fine-scale structures in the edge radial electric. Dimensionless scans of the core and pedestal confinement provide new information to elucidate the importance of the first wall material on the fusion performance. H-mode plasmas at ITER triangularity (H = 1 at ßN ~ 1.8 and n/nGW ~ 0.6) have been sustained at 2 MA during 5 s. The ITER neutronics codes have been validated on high performance experiments. Prospects for the coming D–T campaign and 14 MeV neutron calibration strategy are reviewed. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under grant agreement No 633053. Peer Reviewed Article signat per 1.173 autors/es: X. Litaudon35, S. Abduallev39, M. Abhangi46, P. Abreu53, M. Afzal7, K.M. Aggarwal29, T. Ahlgren101, J.H. Ahn8, L. Aho-Mantila112, N. Aiba69, M. Airila112, R. Albanese105, V. Aldred7, D. Alegre93, E. Alessi45, P. Aleynikov55, A. Alfier12, A. Alkseev72, M. Allinson7, B. Alper7, E. Alves53, G. Ambrosino105, R. Ambrosino106, L. Amicucci90, V. Amosov88, E. Andersson Sundén22, M. Angelone90, M. Anghel85, C. Angioni62, L. Appel7, C. Appelbee7, P. Arena30, M. Ariola106, H. Arnichand8, S. Arshad41, A. Ash7, N. Ashikawa68, V. Aslanyan64, O. Asunta1, F. Auriemma12, Y. Austin7, L. Avotina103, M.D. Axton7, C. Ayres7, M. Bacharis24, A. Baciero57, D. Baião53, S. Bailey7, A. Baker7, I. Balboa7, M. Balden62, N. Balshaw7, R. Bament7, J.W. Banks7, Y.F. Baranov7, M.A. Barnard7, D. Barnes7, M. Barnes27, R. Barnsley55, A. Baron Wiechec7, L. Barrera Orte34, M. Baruzzo12, V. Basiuk8, M. Bassan55, R. Bastow7, A. Batista53, P. Batistoni90, R. Baughan7, B. Bauvir55, L. Baylor73, B. Bazylev56, J. Beal110, P.S. Beaumont7, M. Beckers39, B. Beckett7, A. Becoulet8, N. Bekris35, M. Beldishevski7, K. Bell7, F. Belli90, M. Bellinger7, É. Belonohy62, N. Ben Ayed7, N.A. Benterman7, H. Bergsåker42, J. Bernardo53, M. Bernert62, M. Berry7, L. Bertalot55, C. Besliu7, M. Beurskens63, B. Bieg61, J. Bielecki47, T. Biewer73, M. Bigi12, P. Bílková50, F. Binda22, A. Bisoffi31, J.P.S. Bizarro53, C. Björkas101, J. Blackburn7, K. Blackman7, T.R. Blackman7, P. Blanchard33, P. Blatchford7, V. Bobkov62, A. Boboc7, G. Bodnár113, O. Bogar18, I. Bolshakova60, T. Bolzonella12, N. Bonanomi97, F. Bonelli56, J. Boom62, J. Booth7, D. Borba35,53, D. Borodin39, I. Borodkina39, A. Botrugno90, C. Bottereau8, P. Boulting7, C. Bourdelle8, M. Bowden7, C. Bower7, C. Bowman110, T. Boyce7, C. Boyd7, H.J. Boyer7, J.M.A. Bradshaw7, V. Braic87, R. Bravanec40, B. Breizman107, S. Bremond8, P.D. Brennan7, S. Breton8, A. Brett7, S. Brezinsek39, M.D.J. Bright7, M. Brix7, W. Broeckx78, M. Brombin12, A. Brosławski65, D.P.D. Brown7, M. Brown7, E. Bruno55, J. Bucalossi8, J. Buch46, J. Buchanan7, M.A. Buckley7, R. Budny76, H. Bufferand8, M. Bulman7, N. Bulmer7, P. Bunting7, P. Buratti90, A. Burckhart62, A. Buscarino30, A. Busse7, N.K. Butler7, I. Bykov42, J. Byrne7, P. Cahyna50, G. Calabrò90, I. Calvo57, Y. Camenen4, P. Camp7, D.C. Campling7, J. Cane7, B. Cannas17, A.J. Capel7, P.J. Card7, A. Cardinali90, P. Carman7, M. Carr7, D. Carralero62, L. Carraro12, B.B. Carvalho53, I. Carvalho53, P. Carvalho53, F.J. Casson7, C. Castaldo90, N. Catarino53, J. Caumont7, F. Causa90, R. Cavazzana12, K. Cave-Ayland7, M. Cavinato12, M. Cecconello22, S. Ceccuzzi90, E. Cecil76, A. Cenedese12, R. Cesario90, C.D. Challis7, M. Chandler7, D. Chandra46, C.S. Chang76, A. Chankin62, I.T. Chapman7, S.C. Chapman28, M. Chernyshova49, G. Chitarin12, G. Ciraolo8, D. Ciric7, J. Citrin38, F. Clairet8, E. Clark7, M. Clark7, R. Clarkson7, D. Clatworthy7, C. Clements7, M. Cleverly7, J.P. Coad7, P.A. Coates7, A. Cobalt7, V. Coccorese105, V. Cocilovo90, S. Coda33, R. Coelho53, J.W. Coenen39, I. Coffey29, L. Colas8, S. Collins7, D. Conka103, S. Conroy22, N. Conway7, D. Coombs7, D. Cooper7, S.R. Cooper7, C. Corradino30, Y. Corre8, G. Corrigan7, S. Cortes53, D. Coster62, A.S. Couchman7, M.P. Cox7, T. Craciunescu86, S. Cramp7, R. Craven7, F. Crisanti90, G. Croci97, D. Croft7, K. Crombé15, R. Crowe7, N. Cruz53, G. Cseh113, A. Cufar81, A. Cullen7, M. Curuia85, A. Czarnecka49, H. Dabirikhah7, P. Dalgliesh7, S. Dalley7, J. Dankowski47, D. Darrow76, O. Davies7, W. Davis55,76, C. Day56, I.E. Day7, M. De Bock55, A. de Castro57, E. de la Cal57, E. de la Luna57, G. De Masi12, J. L. de Pablos57, G. De Temmerman55, G. De Tommasi105, P. de Vries55, K. Deakin7, J. Deane7, F. Degli Agostini12, R. Dejarnac50, E. Delabie73, N. den Harder38, R.O. Dendy7, J. Denis8, P. Denner39, S. Devaux62,104, P. Devynck8, F. Di Maio55, A. Di Siena62, C. Di Troia90, P. Dinca86, R. D’Inca62, B. Ding51, T. Dittmar39, H. Doerk62, R.P. Doerner9, T. Donné34, S.E. Dorling7, S. Dormido-Canto93, S. Doswon7, D. Douai8, P.T. Doyle7, A. Drenik62,81, P. Drewelow63, P. Drews39, Ph. Duckworth55, R. Dumont8, P. Dumortier58, D. Dunai113, M. Dunne62, I. Ďuran50, F. Durodié58, P. Dutta46, B. P. Duval33, R. Dux62, K. Dylst78, N. Dzysiuk22, P.V. Edappala46, J. Edmond7, A.M. Edwards7, J. Edwards7, Th. Eich62, A. Ekedahl8, R. El-Jorf7, C.G. Elsmore7, M. Enachescu84, G. Ericsson22, F. Eriksson16, J. Eriksson22, L.G. Eriksson36, B. Esposito90, S. Esquembri94, H.G. Esser39, D. Esteve8, B. Evans7, G.E. Evans7, G. Evison7, G.D. Ewart7, D. Fagan7, M. Faitsch62, D. Falie86, A. Fanni17, A. Fasoli33, J. M. Faustin33, N. Fawlk7, L. Fazendeiro53, N. Fedorczak8, R.C. Felton7, K. Fenton7, A. Fernades53, H. Fernandes53, J. Ferreira53, J.A. Fessey7, O. Février8, O. Ficker50, A. Field7, S. Fietz62, A. Figueiredo53, J. Figueiredo53,35, A. Fil8, P. Finburg7, M. Firdaouss8, U. Fischer56, L. Fittill7, M. Fitzgerald7, D. Flammini90, J. Flanagan7, C. Fleming7, K. Flinders7, N. Fonnesu90, J. M. Fontdecaba57, A. Formisano79, L. Forsythe7, L. Fortuna30, E. Fortuna-Zalesna19, M. Fortune7, S. Foster7, T. Franke34, T. Franklin7, M. Frasca30, L. Frassinetti42, M. Freisinger39, R. Fresa98, D. Frigione90, V. Fuchs50, D. Fuller35, S. Futatani6, J. Fyvie7, K. Gál34,62, D. Galassi2, K. Gałązka49, J. Galdon-Quiroga92, J. Gallagher7, D. Gallart6, R. Galvão10, X. Gao51, Y. Gao39, J. Garcia8, A. Garcia-Carrasco42, M. García-Muñoz92, J.-L. Gardarein3, L. Garzotti7, P. Gaudio95, E. Gauthier8, D.F. Gear7, S.J. Gee7, B. Geiger62, M. Gelfusa95, S. Gerasimov7, G. Gervasini45, M. Gethins7, Z. Ghani7, M. Ghate46, M. Gherendi86, J.C. Giacalone8, L. Giacomelli45, C.S. Gibson7, T. Giegerich56, C. Gil8, L. Gil53, S. Gilligan7, D. Gin54, E. Giovannozzi90, J.B. Girardo8, C. Giroud7, G. Giruzzi8, S. Glöggler62, J. Godwin7, J. Goff7, P. Gohil43, V. Goloborod’ko102, R. Gomes53, B. Gonçalves53, M. Goniche8, M. Goodliffe7, A. Goodyear7, G. Gorini97, M. Gosk65, R. Goulding76, A. Goussarov78, R. Gowland7, B. Graham7, M.E. Graham7, J. P. Graves33, N. Grazier7, P. Grazier7, N.R. Green7, H. Greuner62, B. Grierson76, F.S. Griph7, C. Grisolia8, D. Grist7, M. Groth1, R. Grove73, C.N. Grundy7, J. Grzonka19, D. Guard7, C. Guérard34, C. Guillemaut8,53, R. Guirlet8, C. Gurl7, H.H. Utoh69, L.J. Hackett7, S. Hacquin8,35, A. Hagar7, R. Hager76, A. Hakola112, M. Halitovs103, S.J. Hall7, S.P. Hallworth Cook7, C. Hamlyn-Harris7, K. Hammond7, C. Harrington7, J. Harrison7, D. Harting7, F. Hasenbeck39, Y. Hatano108, D.R. Hatch107, T.D.V. Haupt7, J. Hawes7, N.C. Hawkes7, J. Hawkins7, P. Hawkins7, P.W. Haydon7, N. Hayter7, S. Hazel7, P.J.L. Heesterman7, K. Heinola101, C. Hellesen22, T. Hellsten42, W. Helou8, O.N. Hemming7, T.C. Hender7, M. Henderson55, S.S. Henderson21, R. Henriques53, D. Hepple7, G. Hermon7, P. Hertout8, C. Hidalgo57, E.G. Highcock27, M. Hill7, J. Hillairet8, J. Hillesheim7, D. Hillis73, K. Hizanidis70, A. Hjalmarsson22, J. Hobirk62, E. Hodille8, C.H.A. Hogben7, G.M.D. Hogeweij38, A. Hollingsworth7, S. Hollis7, D.A. Homfray7, J. Horáček50, G. Hornung15, A.R. Horton7, L.D. Horton36, L. Horvath110, S.P. Hotchin7, M.R. Hough7, P.J. Howarth7, A. Hubbard64, A. Huber39, V. Huber39, T.M. Huddleston7, M. Hughes7, G.T.A. Huijsmans55, C.L. Hunter7, P. Huynh8, A.M. Hynes7, D. Iglesias7, N. Imazawa69, F. Imbeaux8, M. Imríšek50, M. Incelli109, P. Innocente12, M. Irishkin8, I. Ivanova-Stanik49, S. Jachmich58,35, A.S. Jacobsen83, P. Jacquet7, J. Jansons103, A. Jardin8, A. Järvinen1, F. Jaulmes38, S. Jednoróg49, I. Jenkins7, C. Jeong20, I. Jepu86, E. Joffrin8, R. Johnson7, T. Johnson42, Jane Johnston7, L. Joita7, G. Jones7, T.T.C. Jones7, K.K. Hoshino69, A. Kallenbach62, K. Kamiya69, J. Kaniewski7, A. Kantor7, A. Kappatou62, J. Karhunen1, D. Karkinsky7, I. Karnowska7, M. Kaufman73, G. Kaveney7, Y. Kazakov58, V. Kazantzidis70, D.L. Keeling7, T. Keenan7, J. Keep7, M. Kempenaars7, C. Kennedy7, D. Kenny7, J. Kent7, O.N. Kent7, E. Khilkevich54, H.T. Kim35, H.S. Kim80, A. Kinch7, C. king7, D. King7, R.F. King7, D.J. Kinna7, V. Kiptily7, A. Kirk7, K. Kirov7, A. Kirschner39, G. Kizane103, C. Klepper73, A. Klix56, P. Knight7, S.J. Knipe7, S. Knott96, T. Kobuchi69, F. Köchl111, G. Kocsis113, I. Kodeli81, L. Kogan7, D. Kogut8, S. Koivuranta112, Y. Kominis70, M. Köppen39, B. Kos81, T. Koskela1, H.R. Koslowski39, M. Koubiti4, M. Kovari7, E. Kowalska-Strzęciwilk49, A. Krasilnikov88, V. Krasilnikov88, N. Krawczyk49, M. Kresina8, K. Krieger62, A. Krivska58, U. Kruezi7, I. Książek48, A. Kukushkin72, A. Kundu46, T. Kurki-Suonio1, S. Kwak20, R. Kwiatkowski65, O.J. Kwon13, L. Laguardia45, A. Lahtinen101, A. Laing7, N. Lam7, H.T. Lambertz39, C. Lane7, P.T. Lang62, S. Lanthaler33, J. Lapins103, A. Lasa101, J.R. Last7, E. Łaszyńska49, R. Lawless7, A. Lawson7, K.D. Lawson7, A. Lazaros70, E. Lazzaro45, J. Leddy110, S. Lee66, X. Lefebvre7, H.J. Leggate32, J. Lehmann7, M. Lehnen55, D. Leichtle41, P. Leichuer7, F. Leipold55,83, I. Lengar81, M. Lennholm36, E. Lerche58, A. Lescinskis103, S. Lesnoj7, E. Letellier7, M. Leyland110, W. Leysen78, L. Li39, Y. Liang39, J. Likonen112, J. Linke39, Ch. Linsmeier39, B. Lipschultz110, G. Liu55, Y. Liu51, V.P. Lo Schiavo105, T. Loarer8, A. Loarte55, R.C. Lobel7, B. Lomanowski1, P.J. Lomas7, J. Lönnroth1,35, J. M. López94, J. López-Razola57, R. Lorenzini12, U. Losada57, J.J. Lovell7, A.B. Loving7, C. Lowry36, T. Luce43, R.M.A. Lucock7, A. Lukin74, C. Luna5, M. Lungaroni95, C.P. Lungu86, M. Lungu86, A. Lunniss110, I. Lupelli7, A. Lyssoivan58, N. Macdonald7, P. Macheta7, K. Maczewa7, B. Magesh46, P. Maget8, C. Maggi7, H. Maier62, J. Mailloux7, T. Makkonen1, R. Makwana46, A. Malaquias53, A. Malizia95, P. Manas4, A. Manning7, M.E. Manso53, P. Mantica45, M. Mantsinen6, A. Manzanares91, Ph. Maquet55, Y. Marandet4, N. Marcenko88, C. Marchetto45, O. Marchuk39, M. Marinelli95, M. Marinucci90, T. Markovič50, D. Marocco90, L. Marot26, C.A. Marren7, R. Marshal7, A. Martin7, Y. Martin33, A. Martín de Aguilera57, F.J. Martínez93, J. R. Martín-Solís14, Y. Martynova39, S. Maruyama55, A. Masiello12, M. Maslov7, S. Matejcik18, M. Mattei79, G.F. Matthews7, F. Maviglia11, M. Mayer62, M.L. Mayoral34, T. May-Smith7, D. Mazon8, C. Mazzotta90, R. McAdams7, P.J. McCarthy96, K.G. McClements7, O. McCormack12, P.A. McCullen7, D. McDonald34, S. McIntosh7, R. McKean7, J. McKehon7, R.C. Meadows7, A. Meakins7, F. Medina57, M. Medland7, S. Medley7, S. Meigh7, A.G. Meigs7, G. Meisl62, S. Meitner73, L. Meneses53, S. Menmuir7,42, K. Mergia71, I.R. Merrigan7, Ph. Mertens39, S. Meshchaninov88, A. Messiaen58, H. Meyer7, S. Mianowski65, R. Michling55, D. Middleton-Gear7, J. Miettunen1, F. Militello7, E. Militello-Asp7, G. Miloshevsky77, F. Mink62, S. Minucci105, Y. Miyoshi69, J. Mlynář50, D. Molina8, I. Monakhov7, M. Moneti109, R. Mooney7, S. Moradi37, S. Mordijck43, L. Moreira7, R. Moreno57, F. Moro90, A.W. Morris7, J. Morris7, L. Moser26, S. Mosher73, D. Moulton7,1, A. Murari12,35, A. Muraro45, S. Murphy7, N.N. Asakura69, Y.S. Na80, F. Nabais53, R. Naish7, T. Nakano69, E. Nardon8, V. Naulin83, M.F.F. Nave53, I. Nedzelski53, G. Nemtsev88, F. Nespoli33, A. Neto41, R. Neu62, V.S. Neverov72, M. Newman7, K.J. Nicholls7, T. Nicolas33, A.H. Nielsen83, P. Nielsen12, E. Nilsson8, D. Nishijima99, C. Noble7, M. Nocente97, D. Nodwell7, K. Nordlund101, H. Nordman16, R. Nouailletas8, I. Nunes53, M. Oberkofler62, T. Odupitan7, M.T. Ogawa69, T. O’Gorman7, M. Okabayashi76, R. Olney7, O. Omolayo7, M. O’Mullane21, J. Ongena58, F. Orsitto11, J. Orszagh18, B.I. Oswuigwe7, R. Otin7, A. Owen7, R. Paccagnella12, N. Pace7, D. Pacella90, L.W. Packer7, A. Page7, E. Pajuste103, S. Palazzo30, S. Pamela7, S. Panja46, P. Papp18, R. Paprok50, V. Parail7, M. Park66, F. Parra Diaz27, M. Parsons73, R. Pasqualotto12, A. Patel7, S. Pathak46, D. Paton7, H. Patten33, A. Pau17, E. Pawelec48, C. Paz Soldan43, A. Peackoc36, I.J. Pearson7, S.-P. Pehkonen112, E. Peluso95, C. Penot55, A. Pereira57, R. Pereira53, P.P. Pereira Puglia7, C. Perez von Thun35,39, S. Peruzzo12, S. Peschanyi56, M. Peterka50, P. Petersson42, G. Petravich113, A. Petre84, N. Petrella7, V. Petržilka50, Y. Peysson8, D. Pfefferlé33, V. Philipps39, M. Pillon90, G. Pintsuk39, P. Piovesan12, A. Pires dos Reis52, L. Piron7, A. Pironti105, F. Pisano17, R. Pitts55, F. Pizzo79, V. Plyusnin53, N. Pomaro12, O.G. Pompilian86, P.J. Pool7, S. Popovichev7, M.T. Porfiri90, C. Porosnicu86, M. Porton7, G. Possnert22, S. Potzel62, T. Powell7, J. Pozzi7, V. Prajapati46, R. Prakash46, G. Prestopino95, D. Price7, M. Price7, R. Price7, P. Prior7, R. Proudfoot7, G. Pucella90, P. Puglia52, M.E. Puiatti12, D. Pulley7, K. Purahoo7, Th. Pütterich62, E. Rachlew25, M. Rack39, R. Ragona58, M.S.J. Rainford7, A. Rakha6, G. Ramogida90, S. Ranjan46, C.J. Rapson62, J.J. Rasmussen83, K. Rathod46, G. Rattá57, S. Ratynskaia82, G. Ravera90, C. Rayner7, M. Rebai97, D. Reece7, A. Reed7, D. Réfy113, B. Regan7, J. Regaña34, M. Reich62, N. Reid7, F. Reimold39, M. Reinhart34, M. Reinke110,73, D. Reiser39, D. Rendell7, C. Reux8, S.D.A. Reyes Cortes53, S. Reynolds7, V. Riccardo7, N. Richardson7, K. Riddle7, D. Rigamonti97, F.G. Rimini7, J. Risner73, M. Riva90, C. Roach7, R.J. Robins7, S.A. Robinson7, T. Robinson7, D.W. Robson7, R. Roccella55, R. Rodionov88, P. Rodrigues53, J. Rodriguez7, V. Rohde62, F. Romanelli90, M. Romanelli7, S. Romanelli7, J. Romazanov39, S. Rowe7, M. Rubel42, G. Rubinacci105, G. 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Sommariva8, P. Sonato12, A. Sopplesa12, J. Sousa53, C. Sozzi45, S. Spagnolo12, T. Spelzini7, F. Spineanu86, G. Stables7, I. Stamatelatos71, M.F. Stamp7, P. Staniec7, G. Stankūnas59, C. Stan-Sion84, M.J. Stead7, E. Stefanikova42, I. Stepanov58, A.V. Stephen7, M. Stephen46, A. Stevens7, B.D. Stevens7, J. Strachan76, P. Strand16, H.R. Strauss44, P. Ström42, G. Stubbs7, W. Studholme7, F. Subba75, H.P. Summers21, J. Svensson63, Ł. Świderski65, T. Szabolics113, M. Szawlowski49, G. Szepesi7, T.T. Suzuki69, B. Tál113, T. Tala112, A.R. Talbot7, S. Talebzadeh95, C. Taliercio12, P. Tamain8, C. Tame7, W. Tang76, M. Tardocchi45, L. Taroni12, D. Taylor7, K.A. Taylor7, D. Tegnered16, G. Telesca15, N. Teplova54, D. Terranova12, D. Testa33, E. Tholerus42, J. Thomas7, J.D. Thomas7, P. Thomas55, A. Thompson7, C.-A. Thompson7, V.K. Thompson7, L. Thorne7, A. Thornton7, A.S. Thrysøe83, P.A. Tigwell7, N. Tipton7, I. Tiseanu86, H. Tojo69, M. Tokitani67, P. Tolias82, M. Tomeš50, P. Tonner7, M. Towndrow7, P. Trimble7, M. Tripsky58, M. Tsalas38, P. Tsavalas71, D. Tskhakaya jun102, I. Turner7, M.M. Turner32, M. Turnyanskiy34, G. Tvalashvili7, S.G.J. Tyrrell7, A. Uccello45, Z. Ul-Abidin7, J. Uljanovs1, D. Ulyatt7, H. Urano69, I. Uytdenhouwen78, A.P. Vadgama7, D. Valcarcel7, M. Valentinuzzi8, M. Valisa12, P. Vallejos Olivares42, M. Valovic7, M. Van De Mortel7, D. Van Eester58, W. Van Renterghem78, G.J. van Rooij38, J. Varje1, S. Varoutis56, S. Vartanian8, K. Vasava46, T. Vasilopoulou71, J. Vega57, G. Verdoolaege58, R. Verhoeven7, C. Verona95, G. Verona Rinati95, E. Veshchev55, N. Vianello45, J. Vicente53, E. Viezzer62,92, S. Villari90, F. Villone100, P. Vincenzi12, I. Vinyar74, B. Viola90, A. Vitins103, Z. Vizvary7, M. Vlad86, I. Voitsekhovitch34, P. Vondráček50, N. Vora7, T. Vu8, W.W. Pires de Sa52, B. Wakeling7, C.W.F. Waldon7, N. Walkden7, M. Walker7, R. Walker7, M. Walsh55, E. Wang39, N. Wang39, S. Warder7, R.J. Warren7, J. Waterhouse7, N.W. Watkins28, C. Watts55, T. Wauters58, A. Weckmann42, J. Weiland23, H. Weisen33, M. Weiszflog22, C. Wellstood7, A.T. West7, M.R. Wheatley7, S. Whetham7, A.M. Whitehead7, B.D. Whitehead7, A.M. Widdowson7, S. Wiesen39, J. Wilkinson7, J. Williams7, M. Williams7, A.R. Wilson7, D.J. Wilson7, H.R. Wilson110, J. Wilson7, M. Wischmeier62, G. Withenshaw7, A. Withycombe7, D.M. Witts7, D. Wood7, R. Wood7, C. Woodley7, S. Wray7, J. Wright7, J.C. Wright64, J. Wu89, S. Wukitch64, A. Wynn110, T. Xu7, D. Yadikin16, W. Yanling39, L. Yao89, V. Yavorskij102, M.G. Yoo80, C. Young7, D. Young7, I.D. Young7, R. Young7, J. Zacks7, R. Zagorski49, F.S. Zaitsev18, R. Zanino75, A. Zarins103, K.D. Zastrow7, M. Zerbini90, W. Zhang62, Y. Zhou42, E. Zilli12, V. Zoita86, S. Zoletnik113, I. Zychor65 and JET Contributorsa // EUROfusion Consortium JET, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom / 1 Aalto University, PO Box 14100, FIN-00076 Aalto, Finland / 2 Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, 13451, Marseille, France / 3 Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IUSTI UMR 7343, 13013 Marseille, France / 4 Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, PIIM, UMR 7345, 13013 Marseille, France / 5 Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America / 6 Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain / 7 CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom / 8 CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France / 9 Center for Energy Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America / 10 Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rua Xavier Sigaud, 160, Rio de Janeiro CEP 22290-180, Brazil / 11 Consorzio CREATE, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy / 12 Consorzio RFX, corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy / 13 Daegu University, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-174, Republic of Korea / 14 Departamento de Física, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain / 15 Department of Applied Physics UG (Ghent University) St-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B-9000 Ghent, Belgium / 16 Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden / 17 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Piazza d’Armi 09123, Cagliari, Italy / 18 Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics Comenius University Mlynska dolina F2, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia / 19 Department of Materials Science, Warsaw University of Technology, PL-01-152 Warsaw, Poland / 20 Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea / 21 Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 ONG, United Kingdom / 22 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden / 23 Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden / 24 Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom / 25 Department of Physics, SCI, KTH, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden / 26 Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland / 27 Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 2JD, United Kingdom / 28 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom / 29 Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Queens University, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom / 30 Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy / 31 Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Trento, Trento, Italy / 32 Dublin City University (DCU), Dublin, Ireland / 33 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Plasma Center (SPC), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland / 34 EUROfusion Programme Management Unit, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany / 35 EUROfusion Programme Management Unit, Culham Science Centre, Culham, OX14 3DB, United Kingdom / 36 European Commission, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium / 37 Fluid and Plasma Dynamics, ULB—Campus Plaine—CP 231 Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium / 38 FOM Institute DIFFER, Eindhoven, Netherlands / 39 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung—Plasmaphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany / 40 Fourth State Research, 503 Lockhart Dr, Austin, TX, United States of America / 41 Fusion for Energy Joint Undertaking, Josep Pl. 2, Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, 08019, Barcelona, Spain / 42 Fusion Plasma Physics, EES, KTH, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden / 43 General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608, United States of America / 44 HRS Fusion, West Orange, NJ, United States of America / 45 IFP-CNR, via R. Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy / 46 Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar-382 428, Gujarat State, India / 47 Institute of Nuclear Physics, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland / 48 Institute of Physics, Opole University, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland / 49 Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland / 50 Institute of Plasma Physics AS CR, Za Slovankou 1782/3, 182 00 Praha 8, Czechia / 51 Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China / 52 Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão Travessa R Nr.187 CEP 05508-090 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brasil / 53 Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal / 54 Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, St Petersburg 194021, Russian Federation / 55 ITER Organization, Route de Vinon, CS 90 046, 13067 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France / 56 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany / 57 Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain / 58 Laboratory for Plasma Physics Koninklijke Militaire School—Ecole Royale Militaire, Renaissancelaan 30 Avenue de la Renaissance B-1000, Brussels, Belgium / 59 Lithuanian energy institute, Breslaujos g. 3, LT-44403, Kaunas, Lithuania / 60 Magnetic Sensor Laboratory, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine / 61 Maritime University of Szczecin, Waly Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, Poland / 62 Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, D-85748 Garching, Germany / 63 Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinsitut Greifswald, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany / 64 MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Centre, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America / 65 National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), 05-400 Otwock-Świerk, Poland / 66 National Fusion Research Institute (NFRI), 169-148 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea / 67 National Institute for Fusion Science, Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan / 68 National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509-5292, Japan / 69 National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan / 70 National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 9, 157 73 Zografou, Athens, Greece / 71 NCSR ‘Demokritos’, 153 10, Agia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece / 72 NRC Kurchatov Institute, 1 Kurchatov Square, Moscow 123182, Russian Federation / 73 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6169, United States of America / 74 PELIN LLC, 27a, Gzhatskaya Ulitsa, Saint Petersburg, 195220, Russian Federation / 75 Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy / 76 Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, James Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08543, United States of America / 77 Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America / 78 SCK-CEN, Nuclear Research Centre, 2400 Mol, Belgium / 79 Second University of Napoli, Consorzio CREATE, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy / 80 Seoul National University, Shilim-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Republic of Korea / 81 Slovenian Fusion Association (SFA), Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia / 82 Space and Plasma Physics, EES, KTH SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden / 83 Technical University of Denmark, Department of Physics, Bldg 309, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark / 84 The ‘Horia Hulubei’ National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele-Bucharest, Romania / 85 The National Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technology, Ramnicu Valcea, Romania / 86 The National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Magurele-Bucharest, Romania / 87 The National Institute for Optoelectronics, Magurele-Bucharest, Romania / 88 Troitsk Insitute of Innovating and Thermonuclear Research (TRINITI), Troitsk 142190, Moscow Region, Russian Federation / 89 University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China / 90 Unità Tecnica Fusione, ENEA C. R. Frascati, via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy / 91 Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain / 92 Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain / 93 Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain / 94 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Grupo I2A2, Madrid, Spain / 95 Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, Roma, Italy / 96 University College Cork (UCC), Ireland / 97 University Milano-Bicocca, piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milano, Italy / 98 University of Basilicata, Consorzio CREATE, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy / 99 University of California, 1111 Franklin St., Oakland, CA 94607, United States of America / 100 University of Cassino, Consorzio CREATE, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy / 101 University of Helsinki, PO Box 43, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland / 102 University of Innsbruck, Fusion@Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), Innsbruck, Austria / 103 University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV 1586, Latvia / 104 University of Lorraine, CNRS, UMR7198, YIJL, Nancy, France / 105 University of Napoli ‘Federico II’, Consorzio CREATE, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy / 106 University of Napoli Parthenope, Consorzio CREATE, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy / 107 University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Fusion Studies, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America / 108 University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan / 109 University of Tuscia, DEIM, Via del Paradiso 47, 01100 Viterbo, Italy / 110 University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom / 111 Vienna University of Technology, Fusion@Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), Austria / 112 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland / 113 Wigner Research Centre for Physics, PO Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
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- 2017
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20. PROMISE retreat report prospects and opportunities for information access evaluation
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Elaine G. Toms, Maarten de Rijke, Allan Hanbury, Paul Buitelaar, Mihai Lupu, Pamela Forner, Henning Müller, Florina Piroi, Anni Järvelin, Gianmaria Silvello, Ivano Masiero, Martin Braschler, Nicola Ferro, Karin Friberg Heppin, Toine Bogers, Preben Hansen, Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio, Vivien Petras, Richard Berendsen, Maristella Agosti, Giuseppe Santucci, Birger Larsen, Simone Peruzzo, and Khalid Choukri
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Hardware and Architecture ,Management science ,Computer science ,Brainstorming ,Event (computing) ,Component (UML) ,Information access ,Information system ,Information and Computer Science ,020: Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft ,Data science ,Management Information Systems - Abstract
The PROMISE network of excellence organized a two-days brainstorming workshop on 30th and 31st May 2012 in Padua, Italy, to discuss and envisage future directions and perspectives for the evaluation of information access and retrieval systems in multiple languages and multiple media. This document reports on the outcomes of this event and provides details about the six envisaged research lines: search applications; contextual evaluation; challenges in test collection design and exploitation; component-based evaluation; ongoing evaluation; and signal-aware evaluation. The ultimate goal of the PROMISE retreat is to stimulate and involve the research community along these research lines and to provide funding agencies with effective and scientifically sound ideas for coordinating and supporting information access research.
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- 2012
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21. Ionizing radiation compatibility in the MITICA neutral beam prototype
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A. De Lorenzi, A. Coniglio, Roberto Pasqualotto, B. Zaniol, Marta Bagatin, Marco D’Arienzo, Alessandro Paccagnella, Simone Peruzzo, Simone Gerardin, and Sandro Sandri
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Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nuclear engineering ,Iter tokamak ,Preventive maintenance ,Plasma diagnostics ,Ionizing radiation ,Radiation compatibility ,Fusion reactors ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,visual_art ,Electromagnetic shielding ,Electronic component ,Compatibility (mechanics) ,radiation effects ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,General Materials Science ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
This paper deals with an R&D activity in progress in support of the design of the ITER NBI prototype (MITICA), aimed at the identification of the most appropriate design solutions and installation guidelines to keep under control and minimize the effects of ionizing radiation on the electronic and passive components related to control, diagnostics, and electrical insulation located inside the MITICA vessel and its concrete biological shield. The method followed to approach the problem is based on three steps: estimation of expected radiation levels map, identification of electronic and passive components database for MITICA diagnostics and finally the assessment of the ionizing radiation compatibility for the identified components. The ultimate aim of this activity is the definition, on the basis of this assessment, of a list of preventive or mitigating actions (such as relocation, shielding or preventive maintenance) for the most high-risk components.
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- 2011
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22. Nuclear technology aspects of ITER vessel-mounted diagnostics
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M. Toussaint, Vladimir Vershkov, Chris Walker, Germán Pérez-Pichel, MunSeong Cheon, B. Brichard, George Vayakis, Roger Reichle, H. Meister, Simone Peruzzo, D. Testa, S. Pak, E.R. Hodgson, Masao Ishikawa, Philippe Moreau, Anna Encheva, Takashi Kondoh, Giuseppe Chitarin, Ludo Vermeeren, Christian Ingesson, and Luciano Bertalot
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Radiation ,magnetic equilibrium ,Bolometer ,Nuclear engineering ,Maintainability ,Reactor ,ITER ,magnetic sensor ,Plasma ,Electromagnetic radiation ,Cables ,law.invention ,Nuclear technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,Measuring instrument ,General Materials Science ,Plasma density - Abstract
ITER has diagnostics with machine protection, basic and advanced control, and physics roles. Several are distributed on the inner and outer periphery of the vacuum vessel. They have reduced maintainability compared to diagnostics in ports. They also endure some of the highest nuclear and EM loads of any diagnostic for the longest time. They include
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- 2011
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23. Design proposal of a connection system for ITER in-vessel magnetic sensors
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Simone Peruzzo, R. Delogu, Giuseppe Chitarin, Antonio Gallo, and George Vayakis
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Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Reference design ,Electrical connector ,CAD ,Design proposal ,magnetic sensor ,Electrical connection ,ITER ,plasma equilibrium ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Work (electrical) ,Systems engineering ,General Materials Science ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
This paper presents the results of a feasibility study aimed at the design of a mechanical support and electrical connector for in-vessel magnetic sensors compatible with remote handling maintenance. The work starts with the review of the reference design proposed in the ITER Design Description Documents and highlights the issues still open. A new design proposal is then developed taking into account the experience of similar applications developed for JET. The design proposal is supported by CAD modelling and thermal and electromagnetic analyses. In conclusion the developments necessary to qualify the proposal before considering it mature for production are outlined.
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- 2010
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24. The Magnetic Diagnostic Set for ITER
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J. B. Lister, R. Delogu, A. Perez, M. Toussaint, Nicolò Marconato, E. Alessi, B. Brichard, T. Maeder, L. Vermeeren, A. Gallo, René Chavan, F. Sanchez, Ph. Moreau, Y. Fournier, D. Testa, J-M Moret, Benoît Schaller, Rafael Vila, Matthias Preindl, A. Encheva, Jerome Guterl, Simone Peruzzo, A. Le-Luyer, J. Romero, G. Vayakis, Giuseppe Chitarin, E.R. Hodgson, Chris Walker, G. Tonetti, and Hervé Carfantan
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high vacuum ,Physics ,couches épaisses ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,haut vide ,LTCC ,système de diagnostic magnétique ,céramiques ,Iter tokamak ,Magnetic confinement fusion ,ceramics ,magnetic sensor ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Diagnostic system ,Magnetic flux ,Set (abstract data type) ,Nuclear physics ,plasma equiibrium ,ITER ,Systems engineering ,capteurs magnétiques ,magnetic sensors ,magnetic diagnostic system ,thick-film technology - Abstract
This paper presents the multiple set of requirements for the ITER magnetic diagnostic systems and the current status of the various R&D activities performed by the EU partners.
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- 2010
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25. The ITER full size plasma source device design
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M. Bigi, Adriano Luchetta, L. Novello, Roberto Pasqualotto, V. Antoni, A. Pesce, E. Gazza, A. Daniele, Luca Grando, P. Zaccaria, G. Anaclerio, Simone Peruzzo, F. Fellin, Elena Gaio, Alberto Ferro, F. Milani, Piero Agostinetti, F. Fantini, Piergiorgio Sonato, Sandro Sandri, Nicola Pilan, A. Zamengo, Marco Cavenago, Gabriele Manduchi, W. Rigato, M. Valisa, R. Piovan, Gianluigi Serianni, M. Recchia, A. De Lorenzi, A. Fiorentin, P. Spolaore, Andrea Rizzolo, R. Pengo, S. Dal Bello, M. Pavei, Pierluigi Veltri, Cesare Taliercio, D. Marcuzzi, N. Pomaro, M. Spolaore, Oliviero Barana, L. Zanotto, Marco D’Arienzo, Vanni Toigo, M. Boldrin, and M. Dalla Palma
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Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nuclear engineering ,Electron ,Plasma ,Injector ,Neutral beam ,law.invention ,Ion ,Nuclear physics ,Reliability (semiconductor) ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,RF source ,General Materials Science ,Low voltage ,Current density ,Beam (structure) ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
In the framework of the strategy for the development and the procurement of the NB systems for ITER, it has been decided to build in Padova a test facility, including two experimental devices: a full size plasma source with low voltage extraction and a full size NB injector at full beam power (1 MV). These two different devices will separately address the main scientific and technological issues of the 17 MW NB injector for ITER. In particular the full size plasma source of negative ions will address the ITER performance requirements in terms of current density and uniformity, limitation of the electron/ion ratio and stationary operation at full current with high reliability and constant performances for the whole operating time up to 1 h. The required negative ion current density to be extracted from the plasma source ranges from 290 A/m2 in D2 (D−) and 350 A/m2 in H2 (H−) and these values should be obtained at the lowest admissible neutral pressure in the plasma source volume, nominally at 0.3 Pa. The electron to ion ratio should be limited to less than 1 and the admissible ion inhomogeneity extracted from the grids should be better than 10% on the whole plasma cross-section having a surface exposed to the extraction grid of the order of 1 m2. The main design choices will be presented in the paper as well as an overview of the design of the main components and systems.
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- 2009
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26. Potential failure mode and effects analysis for the ITER NB injector
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W. Rigato, Simone Peruzzo, M. Boldrin, Gianluigi Serianni, D. Marcuzzi, N. Pomaro, A. Fiorentin, Luca Grando, and A. De Lorenzi
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Failure analysis ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Analytical technique ,NBI ,Injector ,Neutral beam ,Reliability engineering ,law.invention ,Design phase ,Reliability (semiconductor) ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,law ,ITER ,Component (UML) ,General Materials Science ,Engineering design process ,Failure mode and effects analysis ,FMEA ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
The failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a widely used analytical technique that helps in identifying and reducing the risks of failure in a system, component or process. The application of a systematic method like the FMEA was deemed necessary and adequate to support the design process of the ITER NBI (neutral beam injector). The approach adopted was to develop a FMEA at a general “system level”, focusing the study on the main functions of the system and ensuring that all the interfaces and interactions are covered among the various subsystems. The FMEA was extended to the whole NBI system taking into account the present design status. The FMEA procedure will be then applied to the detailed design phase at the component level, in particular to identify (or define) the ITER Class of Risk. Several important failure modes were evidenced, and estimates of subsystems and components reliability are now available. FMEA procedure resulted essential to identify and confirm the diagnostic systems required for protection and control, and the outcome of this analysis will represent the baseline document for the design of the NBI and NBTF integrated protection system. In the paper, rationale and background of the FMEA for ITER NBI are presented, methods employed are described and most interesting results are reported and discussed.
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- 2009
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27. Manufacturing and commissioning of the new Ex-Vessel magnetic diagnostics system for JET
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C. Sowden, A. Quercia, Giuseppe Chitarin, T. Edlington, S.N. Gerasimov, Simone Peruzzo, G. Artaserse, V. Coccorese, Coccorese, V., Artaserse, G., Chitarin, G., Edlington, T., Gerasimov, S., Peruzzo, S., Quercia, A., and Sowden, C.
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Jet (fluid) ,Tokamak ,Computer science ,Magnetic diagnostic ,Mechanical Engineering ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Mechanical engineering ,Fusion power ,law.invention ,Nuclear physics ,Pick-up coil ,Data acquisition ,Reliability (semiconductor) ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,JET ,Acceptance testing ,law ,Integrator ,Hall sensor ,General Materials Science ,Hall effect sensor ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
A new system of magnetic probes was installed during the 2005 shutdown and was commissioned during the 2005/2006 restart phase of JET. The system is made of traditional pick-up coils and Hall sensors, all located outside the vessel. Direct field measurements from Hall sensors are used to correct the drift of the integrators of the pick-up coils signals. This feature will be crucial for future ITER-like devices, where long-lasting flat top phases are expected, in a high neutron yield and a high temperature environment. After a general overview of the system, the paper describes the major manufacturing and installation issues, including the construction of the supports and probes as well as the acceptance tests before and after installation. The functional commissioning of the system includes the integration of the new signals in the JET Data Acquisition System and the analysis of several discharges with and without plasma. The critical aspects of the assessment of the reliability of the signals are shown and commented on.
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- 2007
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28. Progress in the realization of the PRIMA neutral beam test facility
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D. Gutierrez, S. Dal Bello, A. De Lorenzi, M. Bandyopadhyay, J. Graceffa, Emanuele Sartori, V. Antoni, R. Andreani, V. N. Muvvala, P. Zaccaria, G. Gambetta, M. Boldrin, Riccardo Nocentini, Ujjwal Baruah, M. Bigi, A. Fiorentin, L. Fellin, S. Ochoa, Gabriele Croci, Giuseppe Chitarin, A. Muraro, Mieko Kashiwagi, Piero Agostinetti, Lennart Svensson, Federica Bonomo, Nicolò Marconato, G. Mico, Giuseppe Gorini, A. Sottocornola, A. Zamengo, M. Moresco, M. De Muri, D. Boilson, Alberto Ferro, M. Spolaore, Ashish Yadav, Francesco Gnesotto, Barbara Zaniol, H. Dhola, M. J. Singh, M. Battistella, V. Pilard, Marco D’Arienzo, T. Maeshima, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Silvia Spagnolo, Tullio Bonicelli, A.K. Chakraborty, Veena Gupta, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Nicola Pilan, E. Ocello, M. Dalla Palma, F. Fellin, P. Sonato, M. Fröschle, N. Fonnesu, N. Pomaro, Vanni Toigo, R. Delogu, F. Paolucci, Adriano Luchetta, S. Hanke, Marco Cavenago, G. Agarici, A. Maistrello, M. Brombin, Marco Barbisan, A. Coniglio, M. Simon, M. Tardocchi, A. Patel, H.P.L. de Esch, G. Gomez, R. Dave, Andrea Rizzolo, Diego Marcuzzi, H. Yamanaka, E. Bragulat, Pierluigi Veltri, Namita Singh, Atsushi Kojima, A. Thakkar, M. Zaupa, Ursel Fantz, M. Valente, Luca Grando, H. Decamps, C. Taliercio, Hiroyuki Tobari, D. Parmar, Paolo Bettini, Roberto Pasqualotto, M. Recchia, R. Riedl, Bernd Heinemann, P. Franzen, C. Rotti, G. Rostagni, G. Roopesh, J.F. Moreno, P. Blatchford, W. Kraus, R.S. Hemsworth, M. Pavei, Sandro Sandri, L. Zanotto, Naotaka Umeda, Masaya Hanada, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, Christopher D. Hardie, Gabriele Manduchi, Gianluigi Serianni, A. Masiello, B. Chuilon, Hitesh Patel, Toigo, V, Boilson, D, Bonicelli, T, Piovan, R, Hanada, M, Chakraborty, A, Agarici, G, Antoni, V, Baruah, U, Bigi, M, Chitarin, G, Dal Bello, S, Decamps, H, Graceffa, J, Kashiwagi, M, Hemsworth, R, Luchetta, A, Marcuzzi, D, Masiello, A, Paolucci, F, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, H, Pomaro, N, Rotti, C, Serianni, G, Simon, M, Singh, M, Singh, N, Svensson, L, Tobari, H, Watanabe, K, Zaccaria, P, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Andreani, R, Aprile, D, Bandyopadhyay, M, Barbisan, M, Battistella, M, Bettini, P, Blatchford, P, Boldrin, M, Bonomo, F, Bragulat, E, Brombin, M, Cavenago, M, Chuilon, B, Coniglio, A, Croci, G, Dalla Palma, M, D'Arienzo, M, Dave, R, De Esch, H, De Lorenzi, A, De Muri, M, Delogu, R, Dhola, H, Fantz, U, Fellin, F, Fellin, L, Ferro, A, Fiorentin, A, Fonnesu, N, Franzen, P, Fröschle, M, Gaio, E, Gambetta, G, Gomez, G, Gnesotto, F, Gorini, G, Grando, L, Gupta, V, Gutierrez, D, Hanke, S, Hardie, C, Heinemann, B, Kojima, A, Kraus, W, Maeshima, T, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Marconato, N, Mico, G, Moreno, J, Moresco, M, Muraro, A, Muvvala, V, Nocentini, R, Ocello, E, Ochoa, S, Parmar, D, Patel, A, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pilard, V, Recchia, M, Riedl, R, Rizzolo, A, Roopesh, G, Rostagni, G, Sandri, S, Sartori, E, Sonato, P, Sottocornola, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Tardocchi, M, Thakkar, A, Umeda, N, Valente, M, Veltri, P, Yadav, A, Yamanaka, H, Zamengo, A, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, and Zaupa, M
- Subjects
ITER, negative neutral beam, PRIMA test facility, RF ion source, 1 MV acceleration voltage ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Test facility ,Nuclear engineering ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,1 MV acceleration voltage ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Deuterium ions ,RF ion source ,ITER ,negative neutral beam ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European union ,Realization (systems) ,Beam (structure) ,PRIMA test facility ,media_common - Abstract
The ITER project requires additional heating by two neutral beam injectors, each accelerating to 1 MV a 40 A beam of negative deuterium ions, to deliver to the plasma a power of about 17 MW for one hour. As these requirements have never been experimentally met, it was recognized as necessary to setup a test facility, PRIMA (Padova Research on ITER Megavolt Accelerator), in Italy, including a full-size negative ion source, SPIDER, and a prototype of the whole ITER injector, MITICA, aiming to develop the heating injectors to be installed in ITER. This realization is made with the main contribution of the European Union, through the Joint Undertaking for ITER (F4E), the ITER Organization and Consorzio RFX which hosts the Test Facility. The Japanese and the Indian ITER Domestic Agencies (JADA and INDA) participate in the PRIMA enterprise; European laboratories, such as IPP-Garching, KIT-Karlsruhe, CCFE-Culham, CEA-Cadarache and others are also cooperating. Presently, the assembly of SPIDER is on-going and the MITICA design is being completed. The paper gives a general overview of the test facility and of the status of development of the MITICA and SPIDER main components at this important stage of the overall development; then it focuses on the latest and most critical issues, regarding both physics and technology, describing the identified solutions.
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- 2015
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29. Overview of the RFX-mod fusion science activity
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A. De Lorenzi, Rita Lorenzini, F. Belli, Andrea Rizzolo, Luca Stevanato, O. McCormack, Paolo Scarin, D. F. Escande, J. S. Sarff, M. Bigi, Y. Zhang, Alessandro Fassina, L. Piron, N. Vianello, M. E. Puiatti, Roberto Paccagnella, Fabio Villone, Piergiorgio Sonato, Nicola Pilan, Emilio Martines, James D. Hanson, C. Taliercio, A. Zamengo, M. Recchia, L. Giudicotti, M. Vallar, J.Q. Dong, M. Dalla Palma, Daniele Bonfiglio, Paolo Franz, Matthias Komm, Luis Chacon, Satoru Kiyama, N. Visona, M. Siragusa, L. Zanotto, Paolo Bettini, D. Terranova, Raul Sanchez, Roscoe White, S. Dal Bello, M. Brombin, Enrico Zilli, Francesco Gnesotto, Yueqiang Liu, S.P. Hirshman, L. Pigatto, S. Martini, Piero Martin, M. Pavei, Nisarg Patel, Alessandra Canton, Lorenzo Frassinetti, Matteo Zuin, T. Bolzonella, G. Urso, Chenguang Li, Oliver Schmitz, C. Finotti, Paolo Zanca, Chiara Bustreo, Silvia Spagnolo, M. Veranda, M. Baruzzo, V. Antoni, T. Barbui, Hajime Sakakita, Pavlos Xanthopoulos, Wolf-Dieter Schneider, Nicolò Marconato, Yoshiro Narushima, W. A. Cooper, G. Pucella, Piero Agostinetti, Lionello Marrelli, B. Liu, B. Momo, Simone Peruzzo, X. Y. Xu, Elena Gaio, M. Moresco, Francesco Ghezzi, Y. Suzuki, C. Piron, O. Tudisco, Susanna Cappello, P. Piovesan, Adriano Luchetta, A. Maistrello, F. Sattin, M. Boldrin, Donald A. Spong, A. Buffa, L. Cordaro, V. Yanovskiy, R. Cavazzana, Cristina Rea, W. Gonzalez, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Songfen Liu, Giuseppe Chitarin, G. Rostagni, S. M. Deambrosis, Alberto Ferro, O. Kudlacek, M. Spolaore, Gianluca Spizzo, Paolo Innocente, Italo Predebon, G. Mazzitelli, Marco Gobbin, D. Cester, J. L. Jackson, Laszlo Sajo-Bohus, M. Valente, T.C. Luce, L. Laguardia, Diego Marcuzzi, Fulvio Auriemma, Giuseppe Marchiori, P. Vincenzi, D.K. Mansfield, E. Spada, M. Valisa, G. De Masi, Gabriele Manduchi, Lorella Carraro, E. Miorin, M. Okabayashi, S. C. Guo, Barbara Zaniol, R. Delogu, D. Lopez-Bruna, Marco Barbisan, Faa Federico Felici, Cristian Ruset, Luca Grando, R. Bilel, Mazzitelli, G., Tudisco, O., Pucella, G., Zuin, M, DAL BELLO, S, Marrelli, L, Puiatti, M, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Auriemma, F, Barbisan, M, Barbui, T, Baruzzo, M, Belli, F, Bettini, P, Bigi, M, Bilel, R, Boldrin, M, Bolzonella, T, Bonfiglio, D, Brombin, M, Buffa, A, Bustreo, C, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Cester, D, Chacon, L, Chitarin, G, Cooper, W, Cordaro, L, DALLA PALMA, M, Deambrosis, S, Delogu, R, De Lorenzi, A, DE MASI, G, Dong, J, Escande, D, Fassina, A, Felici, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Franz, P, Frassinetti, L, Gaio, E, Ghezzi, F, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Gobbin, M, Gonzalez, W, Grando, L, Guo, S, Hanson, J, Hirshman, S, Innocente, P, Jackson, J, Kiyama, S, Komm, M, Kudlacek, O, Laguardia, A, Li, C, Liu, B, Liu, S, Liu, Y, López Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Luce, T, Luchetta, A, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Mansfield, D, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Martin, P, Martines, E, Martini, S, Mazzitelli, G, Mccormack, O, Miorin, E, Momo, B, Moresco, M, Narushima, Y, Okabayashi, M, Paccagnella, R, Patel, N, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pigatto, L, Piovan, R, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Predebon, I, Pucella, G, Rea, C, Recchia, M, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Ruset, C, Sajò Bohus, L, Sakakita, H, Sanchez, R, Sarff, J, Sattin, F, Scarin, P, Schmitz, O, Schneider, W, Siragusa, M, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Spong, D, Spizzo, G, Stevanato, L, Suzuki, Y, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Tudisco, O, Urso, G, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Veranda, M, Vianello, N, Villone, F, Vincenzi, P, Visonà, N, White, R, Xanthopoulos, P, Xu, X, Yanovskiy, V, Zamengo, A, Zanca, P, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zhang, Y, and Zilli, E
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Guiding center ,Tokamak ,MHD ,single helicity ,reversed field pinch ,runaway electron ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,3D boundary ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,law ,Electric field ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,PWI ,tokamak ,reversed field pinch, tokamak, single helicity, 3D boundary, runaway electrons, MHD, PWI ,Physics ,Reversed field pinch ,runaway electrons ,Plasma ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Computational physics ,Magnet ,ingle helicity ,Pinch ,Atomic physics ,Magnetohydrodynamics - Abstract
This paper reports the main recent results of the RFX-mod fusion science activity. The RFX-mod device is characterized by a unique flexibility in terms of accessible magnetic configurations. Axisymmetric and helically shaped reversed-field pinch equilibria have been studied, along with tokamak plasmas in a wide range of q(a) regimes (spanning from 4 down to 1.2 values). The full range of magnetic configurations in between the two, the so-called ultra-low q ones, has been explored, with the aim of studying specific physical issues common to all equilibria, such as, for example, the density limit phenomenon. The powerful RFX-mod feedback control system has been exploited for MHD control, which allowed us to extend the range of experimental parameters, as well as to induce specific magnetic perturbations for the study of 3D effects. In particular, transport, edge and isotope effects in 3D equilibria have been investigated, along with runaway mitigations through induced magnetic perturbations. The first transitions to an improved confinement scenario in circular and D-shaped tokamak plasmas have been obtained thanks to an active modification of the edge electric field through a polarized electrode. The experiments are supported by intense modeling with 3D MHD, gyrokinetic, guiding center and transport codes. Proposed modifications to the RFX-mod device, which will enable further contributions to the solution of key issues in the roadmap to ITER and DEMO, are also briefly presented. © 2017 IAEA, Vienna.
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- 2017
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30. RFX machine and power supply improvements for RFP advanced studies
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P. Zaccaria, Giuseppe Zollino, Luca Grando, Piergiorgio Sonato, S. Ortolani, Vanni Toigo, Gabriele Manduchi, C. Taliercio, F. Milani, Giuseppe Marchiori, Giuseppe Chitarin, R. Piovan, Paolo Bettini, Diego Marcuzzi, N. Pomaro, Roberto Cavazzana, A. De Lorenzi, W. Baker, L. Zanotto, S. Dal Bello, A. Masiello, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, Oliviero Barana, Francesco Gnesotto, Pietro Fiorentin, and Adriano Luchetta
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Tokamak ,Reversed field pinch ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nuclear engineering ,Toroidal field ,Fusion power ,Active control ,law.invention ,Power (physics) ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,law ,General Materials Science ,Magnetohydrodynamics ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Dynamo - Abstract
Experimental results and theoretical studies call for Reversed Field Experiment (RFX) machine and power supply improvements to allow studies that go beyond those of a conventional Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) with passively stabilized turbulent MHD dynamo. The new paths opened by recent results in RFX and other RFP machines are introduced; then the goals and the design lines of the technical modifications of RFX, mainly addressed to improve the first wall, the plasma magnetic boundaries and to increase the operational flexibility of the toroidal field circuit power supply, are reported.
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- 2001
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31. Electromagnetic analyses for the design of a new active shell for RFX
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Giuseppe Zollino, A. Masiello, and Simone Peruzzo
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Physics ,Field (physics) ,Mechanical Engineering ,Shell (structure) ,Mechanical engineering ,Plasma ,Finite element method ,Magnetic field ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Reduction (mathematics) ,Electrical conductor ,Saddle ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
This paper deals with the electromagnetic analyses carried out for the design of a new system developed to actively control the magnetic configuration of RFX. The system, which consists of a new conductive shell and a new set of saddle coils closely fitting the plasma region, is intended for replacing the present shell, keeping the existing vacuum vessel and principal coils of the machine unchanged. In the first part of the paper, the basic concepts representing the aims and the constraints of the system are described. Following this, the results of the electromagnetic analyses over the operating frequency range, performed by means of both analytical and finite element codes, are reported and discussed. The efficacy of the system is pointed out with the evaluation of the magnetic field generated by the new saddle coils and the reduction of field errors provided by the new shell with an overlapped gap. Finally, the calculation of the electrical parameters of the coils, taking into account the eddy current effect, is reported.
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- 2001
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32. DIRECTions: Design and Specification of an IR Evaluation Infrastructure
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Nicola Ferro, Emanuele Di Buccio, Gianmaria Silvello, Maristella Agosti, Simone Peruzzo, and Ivano Masiero
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business.industry ,Computer science ,Information access ,computer.software_genre ,Field (computer science) ,Conceptual schema ,Data cube ,Software ,Key (cryptography) ,Systems engineering ,Data mining ,Architecture ,business ,computer ,IR evaluation - Abstract
Information Retrieval (IR) experimental evaluation is an essential part of the research on and development of information access methods and tools. Shared data sets and evaluation scenarios allow for comparing methods and systems, understanding their behaviour, and tracking performances and progress over the time. On the other hand, experimental evaluation is an expensive activity in terms of human effort, time, and costs required to carry it out. Software and hardware infrastructures that support experimental evaluation operation as well as management, enrichment, and exploitation of the produced scientific data provide a key contribution in reducing such effort and costs and carrying out systematic and throughout analysis and comparison of systems and methods, overall acting as enablers of scientific and technical advancement in the field. This paper describes the specification for an Information Retrieval (IR) evaluation infrastructure by conceptually modeling the entities involved in Information Retrieval (IR) experimental evaluation and their relationships and by defining the architecture of the proposed evaluation infrastructure and the APIs for accessing it.
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- 2012
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33. Overview of the RFX fusion science program
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M. Gobbin, Roberto Pasqualotto, D. Bonfiglio, Enrico Zilli, Giuseppe Marchiori, Piero Martin, S. Martini, Fulvio Auriemma, E. Gazza, D.K. Mansfield, P. Zaccaria, Piergiorgio Sonato, S. Ortolani, Wolf-Dieter Schneider, D. Yadikin, Stefano Munaretto, L. Piron, M. Valisa, Fabio Sattin, Susanna Cappello, G. V. Perverezev, F. Milani, Roberto Paccagnella, Paolo Bettini, S. Fiameni, Roscoe White, A. Ruzzon, V. Antoni, Leonardo Giudicotti, Yueqiang Liu, Lionello Marrelli, Nicola Vianello, S. Dal Bello, A. Scaggion, V. Rigato, Fabio Villone, A. Zamengo, Federica Bonomo, R. Cavazzana, M. Baruzzo, L. Carraro, F. Fantini, Giuseppe Zollino, Barbara Zaniol, Rita Lorenzini, Luis Chacon, X. Garbet, C. Angioni, Andrea Rizzolo, G. De Masi, G. Rostagni, W. A. Cooper, Manabu Takechi, Piero Agostinetti, Paolo Scarin, A. Pizzimenti, Yongkyoon In, Sheena Menmuir, Silvia Spagnolo, M. Moresco, Satoru Kiyama, S. P. Hirshman, M. Okabayashi, Giuseppe Chitarin, S. C. Guo, Gabriele Manduchi, Dominique Escande, Gianluigi Serianni, Alessandro Fassina, Luca Grando, Simona Barison, Allen H. Boozer, Michael Drevlak, Diego Marcuzzi, M. Pavei, J.Q. Dong, Anton Soppelsa, B. Momo, Gianluca Spizzo, Hajime Sakakita, Neil Pomphrey, Shunsuke Ide, Donald A. Spong, J. S. Sarff, Alessandra Canton, D. Lopez Bruna, M. Brombin, Matteo Zuin, T. Bolzonella, R. Piovan, Songfen Liu, Alberto Ferro, Italo Predebon, V. Igochine, L. Zanotto, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, P. Piovesan, Cesare Taliercio, J. Adamek, Go Matsunaga, P. Zanca, A. Buffa, M. Veranda, N. Pomaro, M. Spolaore, Oliviero Barana, Francesco Gnesotto, Emilio Martines, M. Dalla Palma, Paolo Franz, David Terranova, Yoichi Hirano, Matteo Agostini, G. Mazzitelli, Alberto Alfier, L. Novello, Vanni Toigo, M. Boldrin, R. Delogu, Guglielmo Rubinacci, Maria Ester Puiatti, A. Fiorentin, Karsten McCollam, E. Spada, M. Cavinato, A. De Lorenzi, L. Apolloni, J. Brotankova, F. Fellin, P. Innocente, Raul Sanchez, Zhirui Wang, Adriano Luchetta, Martin, P, Adamek, J, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Alfier, A, Angioni, C, Antoni, V, Apolloni, L, Auriemma, F, Barana, O, Barison, S, Baruzzo, M, Bettini, P, Boldrin, M, Bolzonella, T, Bonfiglio, D, Bonomo, F, Boozer, A, Brombin, M, Brotankova, J, Buffa, A, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Cavinato, M, Chacon, L, Chitarin, G, Cooper, W, Dal Bello, S, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Lorenzi, A, De Masi, G, Dong, J, Drevlak, M, Escande, D, Fantini, F, Fassina, A, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiameni, S, Fiorentin, A, Franz, P, Gaio, E, Garbet, X, Gazza, E, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Gobbin, M, Grando, L, Guo, S, Hirano, Y, Hirshman, S, Ide, S, Igochine, V, In, Y, Innocente, P, Kiyama, S, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Luchetta, A, Manduchi, G, Mansfield, D, Marchiori, G, Marcuzzi, D, Marrelli, L, Martini, S, Matsunaga, G, Martines, E, Mazzitelli, G, Mccollam, K, Menmuir, S, Milani, F, Momo, B, Moresco, M, Munaretto, S, Novello, L, Okabayashi, M, Ortolani, S, Paccagnella, R, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Perverezev, G, Peruzzo, S, Piovan, R, Piovesan, P, Piron, L, Pizzimenti, A, Pomaro, N, Pomphrey, N, Predebon, I, Puiatti, M, Rigato, V, Rizzolo, A, Rostagni, G, Rubinacci, G, Ruzzon, A, Sakakita, H, Sanchez, R, Sarff, J, Sattin, F, Scaggion, A, Scarin, P, Schneider, W, Serianni, G, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Soppelsa, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Spong, D, Spizzo, G, Takechi, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Toigo, V, Valisa, M, Veranda, M, Vianello, N, Villone, F, Wang, Z, White, R, Yadikin, D, Zaccaria, P, Zamengo, A, Zanca, P, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zilli, E, Zollino, G, Zuin, M, Martin, P., Adamek, J., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Alfier, A., Angioni, C., Antoni, V., Apolloni, L., Auriemma, F., Barana, O., Barison, S., Baruzzo, M., Bettini, P., Boldrin, M., Bolzonella, T., Bonfiglio, D., Bonomo, F., Boozer, A. H., Brombin, M., Brotankova, J., Buffa, A., Canton, A., Cappello, S., Carraro, L., Cavazzana, R., Cavinato, M., Chacon, L., Chitarin, G., Cooper, W. A., Bello, S. D., Palma, M. D., Delogu, R., Lorenzi, A. D., Masi, G. D., Dong, J. Q., Drevlak, M., Escande, D. F., Fantini, F., Fassina, A., Fellin, F., Ferro, A., Fiameni, S., Fiorentin, A., Franz, P., Gaio, E., Garbet, X., Gazza, E., Giudicotti, L., Gnesotto, F., Gobbin, M., Grando, L., Guo, S. C., Hirano, Y., Hirshman, S. P., Ide, S., Igochine, V., In, Y., Innocente, P., Kiyama, S., Liu, S. F., Liu, Y. Q., Bruna, D. L., Lorenzini, R., Luchetta, A., Manduchi, G., Mansfield, D. K., Marchiori, G., Marcuzzi, D., Marrelli, L., Martini, S., Matsunaga, G., Martines, E., Mazzitelli, G., Mccollam, K., Menmuir, S., Milani, F., Momo, B., Moresco, M., Munaretto, S., Novello, L., Okabayashi, M., Ortolani, S., Paccagnella, R., Pasqualotto, R., Pavei, M., Perverezev, G. V., Peruzzo, S., Piovan, R., Piovesan, P., Piron, L., Pizzimenti, A., Pomaro, N., Pomphrey, N., Predebon, I., Puiatti, M. E., Rigato, V., Rizzolo, A., Rostagni, G., Rubinacci, Guglielmo, Ruzzon, A., Sakakita, H., Sanchez, R., Sarff, J. S., Sattin, F., Scaggion, A., Scarin, P., Schneider, W., Serianni, G., Sonato, P., Spada, E., Soppelsa, A., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Spong, D. A., Spizzo, G., Takechi, M., Taliercio, C., Terranova, D., Toigo, V., Valisa, M., Veranda, M., Vianello, N., Villone, F., Wang, Z., White, R. B., Yadikin, D., Zaccaria, P., Zamengo, A., Zanca, P., Zaniol, B., Zanotto, L., Zilli, E., Zollino, G., and Zuin, M.
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,RFX-mod ,Tokamak ,Nuclear engineering ,PLASMAS ,CONFINEMENT ,reversed field pinch ,magnetic confinement ,law.invention ,law ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,RFP ,Scaling ,Mod ,Physics ,Reversed field pinch ,STABILITY ,Magnetic confinement fusion ,INTERNAL TRANSPORT BARRIER ,Plasma ,Fusion power ,Condensed Matter Physics ,REVERSED-FIELD-PINCH ,Atomic physics ,Magnetohydrodynamics ,Stellarator - Abstract
This paper summarizes the main achievements of the RFX fusion science program in the period between the 2008 and 2010 IAEA Fusion Energy Conferences. RFX-mod is the largest reversed field pinch in the world, equipped with a system of 192 coils for active control of MHD stability. The discovery and understanding of helical states with electron internal transport barriers and core electron temperature >1.5 keV significantly advances the perspectives of the configuration. Optimized experiments with plasma current up to 1.8 MA have been realized, confirming positive scaling. The first evidence of edge transport barriers is presented. Progress has been made also in the control of first-wall properties and of density profiles, with initial first-wall lithization experiments. Micro-turbulence mechanisms such as ion temperature gradient and micro-tearing are discussed in the framework of understanding gradient-driven transport in low magnetic chaos helical regimes. Both tearing mode and resistive wall mode active control have been optimized and experimental data have been used to benchmark numerical codes. The RFX programme also provides important results for the fusion community and in particular for tokamaks and stellarators on feedback control of MHD stability and on three-dimensional physics. On the latter topic, the result of the application of stellarator codes to describe three-dimensional reversed field pinch physics will be presented. © 2011 IAEA, Vienna.
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- 2011
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34. Progress in Understanding Halo Current at JET
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N. Pomaro, G. Sergienko, Jet-Efda Contributors, S. Hacquin, Piergiorgio Sonato, N. Lam, T. N. Todd, Diego Marcuzzi, R. Delogu, D. F. Howell, G. Arnoux, E. Joffrin, V. Riccardo, H. Leggate, A. Huber, J. Hobirk, A.V. Stephen, Elisabeth Rachlew, P. Beaumont, M. Zerbini, Luca Grando, Simone Peruzzo, and R. Koslowski
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Jet (fluid) ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Iter tokamak ,Magnetic confinement fusion ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Nuclear physics ,Computer Science::Programming Languages ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Halo ,Current (fluid) ,Current density ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
The poloidal distribution of the halo current density on the top dump plate in JET can now be measured thanks to a new set of Rogowskii coils. These are the first measurements in JET able to offer an insight in the width of the halo current interaction with the wall. Therefore they offer both validation of the assumption made for JET disruption design criteria and one additional point in the extrapolation of the expected halo current width, and hence halo current density (and related local electro-mechanical loads on in-vessel components) for ITER. During upward events, the measured current density is consistent with the measured total poloidal halo current. The halo footprint extends over most of the upper dump plate, converting to a halo current flux tube width of ∼100 mm. A set of four toridal field pick-up coils installed 90° apart now allows a more accurate measurement of the poloidal halo current, in particular its toroidal peaking factor, and direct comparison between halo and plasma asymmetries.
- Published
- 2009
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35. High current regimes in RFX-mod
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Cesare Taliercio, V. Antoni, Gabriele Manduchi, Fulvio Auriemma, Alberto Alfier, S. Dal Bello, L. Apolloni, L. Carraro, Gianluigi Serianni, S. Ortolani, Fabio Sattin, D. Marcuzzi, M. Baruzzo, Alessandro Fassina, Giuseppe Chitarin, Paolo Bettini, P. Innocente, M. Spolaore, Oliviero Barana, Alessandra Canton, N. Pomaro, Matteo Zuin, Francesco Gnesotto, D. Bonfiglio, Enrico Zilli, G. Rostagni, S. Martini, Piergiorgio Sonato, V. Toigo, David Terranova, Gianluca Spizzo, F. Milani, Anton Soppelsa, A. De Lorenzi, M. Gobbin, M. Moresco, Roberto Paccagnella, Italo Predebon, D. Yadikin, Piero Martin, L. Guazzotto, E. Gazza, Matteo Agostini, Federica Bonomo, Lionello Marrelli, Tommaso Bolzonella, Nicola Vianello, P. Zanca, R. Cavazzana, A. Buffa, Emilio Martines, Rita Lorenzini, Leonardo Giudicotti, M. Brombin, Silvia Spagnolo, Paolo Franz, Paolo Scarin, P. Buratti, Giuseppe Marchiori, R. Piovan, L. Zanotto, P. Piovesan, M. Valisa, Maria Ester Puiatti, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, V. Igochine, Karsten McCollam, E. Spada, M. Cavinato, Susanna Cappello, G. De Masi, Andrea Pizzimenti, S. C. Guo, Dominique Escande, Luca Grando, Barbara Zaniol, P. Zaccaria, Adriano Luchetta, Roberto Pasqualotto, L. Novello, J. S. Sarff, L. Piron, Valisa, M, Bolzonella, T, Buratti, P, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Dal Bello, S, Martin, P, Pasqualotto, R, Sarff, J, Spolaore, M, Zanca, P, Zanotto, L, Agostini, M, Alfier, A, Antoni, V, Apolloni, L, Auriemma, F, Barana, O, Baruzzo, M, Bettini, P, Bonfiglio, D, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Buffa, A, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Cavinato, M, Chitarin, G, De Lorenzi, A, De Masi, G, Escande, D, Fassina, A, Franz, P, Gaio, E, Gazza, E, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Gobbin, M, Grando, L, Guazzotto, L, Guo, S, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Lorenzini, R, Luchetta, A, Manduchi, G, Marchiori, G, Marcuzzi, D, Marrelli, L, Martini, S, Martines, E, Mccollam, K, Milani, F, Moresco, M, Novello, L, Ortolani, S, Paccagnella, R, Peruzzo, S, Piovan, R, Piron, L, Pizzimenti, A, Piovesan, P, Pomaro, N, Predebon, I, Puiatti, M, Rostagni, G, Sattin, F, Scarin, P, Serianni, G, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Soppelsa, A, Spagnolo, S, Spizzo, G, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Toigo, V, Vianello, N, Yadikin, D, Zaccaria, P, Zaniol, B, Zilli, E, and Zuin, M
- Subjects
Physics ,plasma confinement ,RFX-mod ,Reversed field pinch ,Condensed matter physics ,reversed field pinch ,Torus ,Plasma ,Electron ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Symmetry (physics) ,quasi-single helicity ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,RFP ,Electron temperature ,QSH ,Magnetohydrodynamic drive ,Current (fluid) - Abstract
Optimization of machine operation, including plasma position control, density control and especially feedback control on multiple magnetohydrodynamic modes, has led RFX-mod to operate reliably at 1.5 MA, the highest current ever achieved on a reversed field pinch (RFP). At high current and low density the magnetic topology spontaneously self-organizes in an Ohmical helical symmetry, with the new magnetic axis helically twisting around the geometrical axis of the torus. The separatrix of the island disappears leaving a wide and symmetric thermal structure with large gradients in the electron temperature profile. The new topology still displays an intermittent nature but its overall presence has reached 85% of the current flat-top period. The large gradients in the electron temperature profile appear to be marginal for the destabilization of ion temperature gradient modes on the assumption that ions and electrons have the same gradients. There are indications that higher currents could provide the conditions under which to prove the existence of a true helical equilibrium as the standard RFP configuration. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd.
- Published
- 2008
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36. EDITORIAL
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Simone Peruzzo
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lcsh:RT1-120 ,lcsh:R5-920 ,lcsh:Nursing ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,lcsh:Medicine (General) - Abstract
Editorial
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- 2000
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37. New insights into MHD dynamics of magnetically confined plasmas from experiments in RFX
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Paolo Zanca, L. Fattorini, R. Piovan, R. Bartiromo, A. Boboc, Piero Martin, S. Costa, P. Zaccaria, L. Apolloni, Vanni Toigo, G. Malesani, Enrico Zilli, S. Martini, B. Pégourié, G. Rostagni, F. D'Angelo, Emilio Martines, Pietro Fiorentin, Barbara Zaniol, R. Paccagnella, Paolo Franz, Maria Ester Puiatti, P. Innoccente, C. Taliercio, Lorella Carraro, Giuseppe Telesca, Giuseppe Zollino, Roberto Pasqualotto, L. Garzotti, Antonio Ponno, Mario Bagatin, Giuseppe Marchiori, S. Cappello, Luca Zabeo, M. Moresco, Alvise Maschio, Giuseppe Chitarin, Leonardo Giudicotti, D. Terranova, Rita Lorenzini, N. Vianello, Fabio Sattin, Gabriele Manduchi, P. Nielsen, A. Intravaia, Paolo Bettini, A. Murari, M. Valisa, S. C. Guo, Lionello Marrelli, Dominique Escande, Tommaso Bolzonella, L. Tramontin, Luca Grando, M. Ogorman, Gianluca Spizzo, L. Zanotto, E. Spada, W. Baker, Alessandra Canton, G. Serianni, V. Antoni, F. Milani, Piergiorgio Sonato, Giovanni Preti, S. Ortolani, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, Roberto Cavazzana, Daniele Desideri, N. Pomaro, S. Dal Bello, Adriano Luchetta, P. Scarin, A. Buffa, M. Spolaore, Oliviero Barana, Francesco Gnesotto, A. De Lorenzi, A. Masiello, M. Viterbo, Martin, P, Martini, S, Antoni, V, Apolloni, L, Bagatin, M, Baker, W, Barana, O, Bartiromo, R, Bettini, P, Boboc, A, Bolzonella, T, Buffa, A, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Chitarin, G, Costa, S, D'Angelo, F, Dal Bello, S, De Lorenzi, A, Desideri, D, Escande, D, Fattorini, L, Fiorentin, P, Franz, P, Gaio, E, Garzotti, L, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Grando, L, Guo, S, Innoccente, P, Intravaia, A, Lorenzini, R, Luchetta, A, Malesani, G, Manduchi, G, Marchiori, G, Marrelli, L, Martines, E, Maschio, A, Masiello, A, Milani, F, Moresco, M, Murari, A, Nielsen, P, O'Gorman, M, Ortolani, S, Paccagnella, R, Pasqualotto, R, Pegourie, B, Peruzzo, S, Piovan, R, Pomaro, N, Ponno, A, Preti, G, Puiatti, M, Rostagni, G, Sattin, F, Scarin, P, Serianni, G, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Spizzo, G, Spolaore, M, Taliercio, C, Telesca, G, Terranova, D, Toigo, V, Tramontin, L, Valisa, M, Vianello, N, Viterbo, M, Zabeo, L, Zaccaria, P, Zanca, P, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zilli, E, and Zollino, G
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Physics ,plasma confinement ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Resistive touchscreen ,Condensed matter physics ,Reversed field pinch ,mode locking ,Magnetic confinement fusion ,Laminar flow ,reversed field pinch ,Plasma ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Amplitude ,magnetic configuration ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,Quantum electrodynamics ,RFP ,tearing mode ,Magnetohydrodynamics ,RFX ,Dynamo - Abstract
The experimental and theoretical activity performed in the RFX device has allowed a deeper insight into the MHD properties of the reversed field pinch (RFP) configuration. A set of successful experiments has demonstrated the possibility of influencing both the amplitude and the spectrum of the magnetic fluctuations which characterize the RFP configuration. A new regime (quasi-single-helicity states) where the dynamo mechanism works in a nearly laminar way and a helical core plasma is produced has been investigated. With these studies a reduction of magnetic chaos has been obtained. The continuous rotation of wall locked resistive tearing modes has been obtained by an m = 0 rotating perturbation. This perturbation induces rotation of m = 1 non-linearly coupled modes.
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- 2000
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38. Overview of the RFX-mod fusion science programme
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Piergiorgio Sonato, S. Dal Bello, Maria Ester Puiatti, Piero Martin, A. Fiorentin, Stefano Munaretto, F. Fellin, G. De Masi, M. Gobbin, Silvia Spagnolo, M. Furno Palumbo, P. Zaccaria, E. Gazza, M. Recchia, Raul Sanchez, Karsten McCollam, G. L. Trevisan, E. Spada, Alessandra Canton, Matteo Zuin, Ivo Furno, Christian Theiler, A. Zamengo, J.Q. Dong, Emilio Martines, B. E. Chapman, M. Dalla Palma, Paolo Franz, M. Brombin, V. Rigato, J. Framarin, Antonio Barbalace, P. Piovesan, Nicola Pilan, Donald A. Spong, Roberto Paccagnella, Wolf-Dieter Schneider, Barbara Zaniol, Fabio Villone, Leonardo Giudicotti, M. De Muri, T.C. Luce, R. Piovan, A. Ruzzon, V. Antoni, Giuseppe Zollino, Emanuele Sartori, Yueqiang Liu, G. Rostagni, M. Baruzzo, Manabu Takechi, Yongkyoon In, R. Delogu, Fulvio Auriemma, J. A. Alonso, M. Barp, C. Piron, D. Bonfiglio, Go Matsunaga, Enrico Zilli, G. Ciaccio, S. Martini, L. Piron, Marco Barbisan, Songfen Liu, M. Veranda, A. Scaggion, Giuseppe Chitarin, N. Pomaro, Luis Chacon, James D. Hanson, L. Apolloni, Yoichi Hirano, M. Spolaore, Francesco Gnesotto, F. Avino, Nicolò Marconato, M. Valente, Alberto Ferro, Fabio Sattin, Pierluigi Veltri, Gabriele Manduchi, L. Zanotto, C. Hidalgo, Paolo Innocente, Simona Barison, L. Novello, Italo Predebon, Rita Lorenzini, David Terranova, Luca Grando, Zhirui Wang, Vanni Toigo, M. Boldrin, M. Bigi, Adriano Luchetta, Paolo Bettini, Erik Olofsson, Andrea Rizzolo, Gianluigi Serianni, Anton Soppelsa, Cesare Taliercio, Roscoe White, C. Finotti, Susanna Cappello, N. Fonnesu, Roberto Pasqualotto, Paolo Scarin, R. Bilel, Shunsuke Ide, Alessandro Fassina, A. Maistrello, D. Carralero, Matteo Agostini, W. A. Cooper, P. Zanca, A. Buffa, Piero Agostinetti, G. Mazzitelli, X. Y. Xu, S. Fiameni, M. Moresco, John M. Finn, Lionello Marrelli, B. Momo, Tommaso Bolzonella, Nicola Vianello, Giuseppe Marchiori, D.K. Mansfield, M. Valisa, M. Okabayashi, S. C. Guo, Dominique Escande, Lorella Carraro, A. Pesce, M. Pavei, F. Ghezzi, Roberto Cavazzana, Satoru Kiyama, W. A. Gonzales, Simone Peruzzo, S.P. Hirshman, Elena Gaio, T. Barbui, Hajime Sakakita, G.L. Jackson, J. S. Sarff, Ambrogio Fasoli, D. Lopez Bruna, A. L. Roquemore, Federica Bonomo, F. Fantini, Lorenzo Frassinetti, C. Bustreo, Diego Marcuzzi, G. L. Delzanno, Gianluca Spizzo, A. De Lorenzi, Martin, P, Puiatti, M, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Alonso, J, Antoni, V, Apolloni, L, Auriemma, F, Avino, F, Barbalace, A, Barbisan, M, Barbui, T, Barison, S, Barp, M, Baruzzo, M, Bettini, P, Bigi, M, Bilel, R, Boldrin, M, Bolzonella, T, Bonfiglio, D, Bonomo, F, Brombin, M, Buffa, A, Bustreo, C, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Chacon, L, Chapman, B, Chitarin, G, Ciaccio, G, Cooper, W, Dal Bello, S, Dalla Palma, M, Delogu, R, De Lorenzi, A, Delzanno, G, De Masi, G, De Muri, M, Dong, J, Escande, D, Fantini, F, Fasoli, A, Fassina, A, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Fiameni, S, Finn, J, Finotti, C, Fiorentin, A, Fonnesu, N, Framarin, J, Franz, P, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Palumbo, M, Gaio, E, Gazza, E, Ghezzi, F, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Gobbin, M, Gonzales, W, Grando, L, Guo, S, Hanson, J, Hidalgo, C, Hirano, Y, Hirshman, S, Ide, S, In, Y, Innocente, P, Jackson, G, Kiyama, S, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Lopez Bruna, D, Lorenzini, R, Luce, T, Luchetta, A, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Mansfield, D, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Marcuzzi, D, Marrelli, L, Martini, S, Matsunaga, G, Martines, E, Mazzitelli, G, Mccollam, K, Momo, B, Moresco, M, Munaretto, S, Novello, L, Okabayashi, M, Olofsson, E, Paccagnella, R, Pasqualotto, R, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pesce, A, Pilan, N, Piovan, R, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Pomaro, N, Predebon, I, Recchia, M, Rigato, V, Rizzolo, A, Roquemore, A, Rostagni, G, Ruzzon, A, Sakakita, H, Sanchez, R, Sarff, J, Sartori, E, Sattin, F, Scaggion, A, Scarin, P, Schneider, W, Serianni, G, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Soppelsa, A, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Spong, D, Spizzo, G, Takechi, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Theiler, C, Toigo, V, Trevisan, G, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Veltri, P, Veranda, M, Vianello, N, Villone, F, Wang, Z, White, R, Xu, X, Zaccaria, P, Zamengo, A, Zanca, P, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zilli, E, Zollino, G, Zuin, M, and Mazzitelli, G.
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,RFX-mod ,Tokamak ,Strong interaction ,reversed field pinch ,law.invention ,Magnetohydrodynamics ,law ,RFP ,Fusion ,Safety factor ,Reversed field pinch ,Flow transport ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,Iter tokamak ,Fusion power ,IAEA Fusion Energy Conference ,Science and Technology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Active control ,Plasma parameter ,Plasma devices ,Systems engineering ,Fusion devices ,Magnetic configuration ,Stellarator - Abstract
This paper reports the highlights of the RFX-mod fusion science programme since the last 2010 IAEA Fusion Energy Conference. The RFX-mod fusion science programme focused on two main goals: exploring the fusion potential of the reversed field pinch (RFP) magnetic configuration and contributing to the solution of key science and technology problems in the roadmap to ITER. Active control of several plasma parameters has been a key tool in this endeavour. New upgrades on the system for active control of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability are underway and will be presented in this paper. Unique among the existing fusion devices, RFX-mod has been operated both as an RFP and as a tokamak. The latter operation has allowed the exploration of edge safety factor q edge < 2 with active control of MHD stability and studies concerning basic energy and flow transport mechanisms. Strong interaction has continued with the stellarator community in particular on the physics of helical states and on three-dimensional codes. © 2013 IAEA, Vienna.
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- 2013
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39. SPIDER in the roadmap of the ITER neutral beams
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M. Valente, Roberto Pasqualotto, M. Pavei, A. Ferro, M. Recchia, S. Dal Bello, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Silvia Spagnolo, D. Boilson, Piergiorgio Sonato, M. Ugoletti, Marco Boldrin, Roberto Cavazzana, M. Battistella, L. Ferbel, S. Denizeau, Gianluigi Serianni, Marco Barbisan, Giuseppe Marchiori, Marco Cavenago, Vanni Toigo, Pierluigi Zaccaria, V. Antoni, C. Rotti, P. Jain, Luca Grando, W. Kraus, Mieko Kashiwagi, Bernd Heinemann, G. Rostagni, P. Tinti, Katsuyoshi Tsumori, M. Fadone, C. Baltador, S. Manfrin, Nicolò Marconato, G. Gambetta, N. Pomaro, Piero Agostinetti, Nicola Pilan, Gabriele Manduchi, F. Paolucci, A. Masiello, Loris Zanotto, Giuseppe Chitarin, A. De Lorenzi, B. Zaniol, C. Taliercio, M. Dan, M. Brombin, Namita Singh, T. Patton, F. Gasparini, Ursel Fantz, M. Moresco, M. Zaupa, M. Siragusa, A.K. Chakraborty, M. De Muri, A. Zamengo, S. Muriel, Simone Peruzzo, Elena Gaio, D. Aprile, E. Spada, M. Bigi, A. Pimazzoni, Pierluigi Veltri, M. Spolaore, Francesco Gnesotto, Emanuele Sartori, Diego Marcuzzi, Tullio Bonicelli, F. Fellin, Adriano Luchetta, R. Delogu, A. Maistrello, C. Poggi, M. Dalla Palma, A. Rizzolo, Hitesh Patel, Serianni, G., Toigo, V., Bigi, M., Boldrin, M., Chitarin, G., Dal Bello, S., Grando, L., Luchetta, A., Marcuzzi, D., Pasqualotto, R., Pomaro, N., Zaccaria, P., Zanotto, L., Agostinetti, P., Agostini, M., Antoni, V., Aprile, D., Barbisan, M., Battistella, M., Brombin, M., Cavazzana, R., Dalla Palma, M., Dan, M., De Lorenzi, A., Delogu, R., De Muri, M., Denizeau, S., Fadone, M., Fellin, F., Ferbel, L., Ferro, A., Gaio, E., Gambetta, G., Gasparini, F., Gnesotto, F., Jain, P., Maistrello, A., Manduchi, G., Manfrin, S., Marchiori, G., Marconato, N., Moresco, M., Patton, T., Pavei, M., Peruzzo, S., Pilan, N., Pimazzoni, A., Piovan, R., Poggi, C., Recchia, M., Rizzolo, A., Rostagni, G., Sartori, E., Siragusa, M., Sonato, P., Spada, E., Spagnolo, S., Spolaore, M., Taliercio, C., Tinti, P., Ugoletti, M., Valente, M., Zamengo, A., Zaniol, B., Zaupa, M., Baltador, C., Cavenago, M., Boilson, D., Rotti, C., Veltri, P., Bonicelli, T., Paolucci, F., Muriel, S., Masiello, A., Chakraborty, A., Patel, H., Singh, N. P., Fantz, U., Heinemann, B., Kraus, W., Kashiwagi, M., and Tsumori, K.
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Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nuclear engineering ,Plasma ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Ion source ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Ion ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Deuterium ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,Neutral beam injectors ,0103 physical sciences ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Particle ,Negative ion beam ,General Materials Science ,Negative ion source ,010306 general physics ,Current density ,Beam (structure) ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Beam divergence - Abstract
To reach fusion conditions and control plasma configuration in ITER, a suitable combination of additional heating and current drive systems is necessary. Among them, two Neutral Beam Injectors (NBI) will provide 33 MW hydrogen/deuterium particles electrostatically accelerated to 1 MeV; efficient gas-cell neutralisation at such beam energy requires negative ions, obtained by caesium-catalysed surface conversion of atoms inside the ion source. As ITER NBI requirements have never been simultaneously attained, a Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF) was set up at Consorzio RFX (Italy), including two experiments. MITICA is the full-scale NBI prototype with 1 MeV particle energy. SPIDER, with 100 keV particle energy, aims at testing and optimising the full-scale ion source: extracted beam uniformity, negative ion current density (for one hour) and beam optics (beam divergence
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40. Overview of the RFX-mod contribution to the international Fusion Science Program
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M. Pavei, Alessandra Canton, Matteo Agostini, R. Piovan, Matteo Zuin, G. Mazzitelli, L. Piron, N. Vianello, J.Q. Dong, B. E. Chapman, A. Zamengo, Gianluca Spizzo, Paolo Zanca, T. Barbui, Hajime Sakakita, Piergiorgio Sonato, Nicola Pilan, Yueqiang Liu, Daniele Bonfiglio, P. Piovesan, Lorella Carraro, T.C. Luce, J. L. Jackson, C. Finotti, E. Miorin, M. Recchia, S.P. Hirshman, Rita Lorenzini, Andrea Rizzolo, Roberto Paccagnella, G. Ciaccio, A. Scaggion, Enrico Zilli, Nicolò Marconato, Paolo Scarin, S. Martini, M. Baruzzo, James D. Hanson, M. Veranda, L. Marrelli, M. Bigi, Marco Barbisan, W. A. Cooper, L. Zanotto, Piero Agostinetti, L. Laguardia, Chenguang Li, C. Taliercio, F. Fellin, Oliver Schmitz, Cristian Ruset, Luca Grando, Zhirui Wang, Lorenzo Frassinetti, Silvia Spagnolo, X. Y. Xu, Simone Peruzzo, B. Esposito, Erik Olofsson, Elena Gaio, M. Furno Palumbo, M. Okabayashi, Nisarg Patel, G. L. Trevisan, Matthias Komm, M. Spolaore, Francesco Gnesotto, S. C. Guo, Raul Sanchez, D. Terranova, Susanna Cappello, R. Bilel, G. Urso, Marco Gobbin, Fabio Villone, E. Spada, M. Moresco, D. Cester, Emanuele Sartori, L. Pigatto, Leonardo Giudicotti, B. Momo, Tommaso Bolzonella, Piero Martin, Luis Chacon, A. L. Roquemore, F. Belli, Barbara Zaniol, C. Piron, F. Sattin, N. Visona, F. Ghezzi, R. Delogu, Emilio Martines, Diego Marcuzzi, D. F. Escande, A. De Lorenzi, M. Dalla Palma, Paolo Franz, Cristina Rea, Adriano Luchetta, Paolo Bettini, Roscoe White, A. Maistrello, Alessandro Fassina, G. Rostagni, Manabu Takechi, Roberto Cavazzana, G. Viesti, M. Boldrin, V. Yanovskiy, Giuseppe Marchiori, D.K. Mansfield, Satoru Kiyama, W. A. Gonzales, M. Valisa, A. Buffa, Pavlos Xanthopoulos, J. S. Sarff, M. E. Puiatti, Go Matsunaga, M. Valente, S. M. Deambrosis, Alberto Ferro, Paolo Innocente, Italo Predebon, V. Rigato, S. Dal Bello, Gabriele Manduchi, Fulvio Auriemma, G. De Masi, P. Vincenzi, Donald A. Spong, M. Battistella, Songfen Liu, D. Marocco, M. Brombin, Laszlo Sajo-Bohus, Giuseppe Chitarin, A. Ruzzon, V. Antoni, L. Stevanato, Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom/ENEA sulla Fusione (RFX), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), STMicroelectronics [Crolles] (ST-CROLLES), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Département Méthodes et Modèles Mathématiques pour l'Industrie (3MI-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre G2I, Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Stockholm], Stockholm University, Inst Subtrop Agr, Res Ctr Healthy Breeding Livestock & Poultry, Hunan Engn, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), Inst Subtrop Agr, Res Ctr Anim & Poultry Sci, Inst Subtrop Agr, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Puiatti, M, Dal Bello, S, Marrelli, L, Martin, P, Agostinetti, P, Agostini, M, Antoni, V, Auriemma, F, Barbisan, M, Barbui, T, Baruzzo, M, Battistella, M, Belli, F, Bettini, P, Bigi, M, Bilel, R, Boldrin, M, Bolzonella, T, Bonfiglio, D, Brombin, M, Buffa, A, Canton, A, Cappello, S, Carraro, L, Cavazzana, R, Cester, D, Chacon, L, Chapman, B, Chitarin, G, Ciaccio, G, Cooper, W, Dalla Palma, M, Deambrosis, S, Delogu, R, De Lorenzi, A, De Masi, G, Dong, J, Escande, D, Esposito, B, Fassina, A, Fellin, F, Ferro, A, Finotti, C, Franz, P, Frassinetti, L, Palumbo, M, Gaio, E, Ghezzi, F, Giudicotti, L, Gnesotto, F, Gobbin, M, Gonzales, W, Grando, L, Guo, S, Hanson, J, Hirshman, S, Innocente, P, Jackson, J, Kiyama, S, Komm, M, Laguardia, L, Li, C, Liu, S, Liu, Y, Lorenzini, R, Luce, T, Luchetta, A, Maistrello, A, Manduchi, G, Mansfield, D, Marchiori, G, Marconato, N, Marocco, D, Marcuzzi, D, Martines, E, Martini, S, Matsunaga, G, Mazzitelli, G, Miorin, E, Momo, B, Moresco, M, Okabayashi, M, Olofsson, E, Paccagnella, R, Patel, N, Pavei, M, Peruzzo, S, Pilan, N, Pigatto, L, Piovan, R, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Predebon, I, Rea, C, Recchia, M, Rigato, V, Rizzolo, A, Roquemore, A, Rostagni, G, Ruset, C, Ruzzon, A, Sajo-Bohus, L, Sakakita, H, Sanchez, R, Sarff, J, Sartori, E, Sattin, F, Scaggion, A, Scarin, P, Schmitz, O, Sonato, P, Spada, E, Spagnolo, S, Spolaore, M, Spong, D, Spizzo, G, Stevanato, L, Takechi, M, Taliercio, C, Terranova, D, Trevisan, G, Urso, G, Valente, M, Valisa, M, Veranda, M, Vianello, N, Viesti, G, Villone, F, Vincenzi, P, Visona', N, Wang, Z, White, R, Xanthopoulos, P, Xu, X, Yanovskiy, V, Zamengo, A, Zanca, P, Zaniol, B, Zanotto, L, Zilli, E, Zuin, M, and Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA)
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Convection ,Physics ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Toroid ,Tokamak ,Reversed field pinch ,Turbulence ,single helicity ,Electron ,Mechanics ,Sawtooth wave ,reversed field pinch ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,law.invention ,3D boundary ,law ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,0103 physical sciences ,Magnetohydrodynamics ,Atomic physics ,010306 general physics ,tokamak - Abstract
25th Fusion Energy Conference (FEC), Govt Russian Federat, St ă Petersburg, RUSSIA, OCT 13-18, 2014; International audience; The RFX-mod device is operated both as a reversed field pinch (RFP), ă where advanced regimes featuring helical shape develop, and as a ă tokamak. Due to its flexibility, RFX-mod is contributing to the solution ă of key issues in the roadmap to ITER and DEMO, including MHD instability ă control, internal transport barriers, edge transport and turbulence, ă isotopic effect, high density limit and three-dimensional (3D) ă non-linear MHD modelling. This paper reports recent advancements in the ă understanding of the self-organized helical states, featuring a strong ă electron transport barrier, in the RFP configuration; the physical ă mechanism driving the residual transport at the barrier has been ă investigated. Following the first experiments with deuterium as the ă filling gas, new results concerning the isotope effect in the RFP are ă discussed. Studies on the high density limit show that in the RFP it is ă related to a toroidal particle accumulation due to the onset of a ă convective cell. In the tokamak configuration, q(a) regimes down to q(a) ă = 1.2 have been pioneered, with (2,1) tearing mode (TM) mitigated and ă (2,1) resistive wall mode (RWM) stabilized: the control of such modes ă can be obtained both by poloidal and radial sensors. Progress has been ă made in the avoidance of disruptions due to the (2,1) TM by applying ă q(a) control, and on the general issue of error field control. The ă effect of externally applied 3D fields on plasma flow and edge ă turbulence, sawtooth control and runaway electron decorrelation has been ă analysed. The experimental program is supported by substantial ă theoretical activity: 3D non-linear visco-resistive MHD and non-local ă transport modelling have been advanced; RWMs have been studied by a ă toroidal MHD kinetic hybrid stability code.
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41. Deep neural networks for plasma tomography with applications to JET and COMPASS
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J. Denis, M. Tardocchi, Kiptily, M. Koubiti, M. Ghate, R. Michling, G. De Masi, T. Tala, M. Bassan, R. McAdams, S. Dowson, Antoine Merle, Seppo Koivuranta, O. J. Kwon, S. Mahesan, P. Sparapani, A. Malaquias, M. Tsalas, Gennady V. Miloshevsky, M. Vecsei, Michal Stano, E. Lerche, Štefan Matejčík, Piergiorgio Sonato, S. D. Pinches, A. Dal Molin, O. McCormack, B. Colling, F. Mink, Ph. Mertens, P. Drewelow, Nuno Cruz, D. Iglesias, Alessandro Zocco, K. Rathod, S. Collins, F. Koechl, James Buchanan, Andrew West, Francesco Maviglia, E. Stefanikova, David Taylor, B. Graham, T. Lunt, S. Meshchaninov, Arturo Buscarino, G. L. Ravera, Maide Bucolo, J. P. Thomas, S. Foley, B. Wakeling, N. Ashikawa, D. W. Robson, N. J. Conway, V. P. Lo Schiavo, Stefan Buller, Sergey Popovichev, M. Saleem, Jorge Luis Rodriguez, M. Wheatley, Gabriele Croci, Hugo Bufferand, J.F. Artaud, R. C. Felton, O. Kovanda, D. Hepple, K. Dylst, Gabor Szepesi, M. Oberkofler, G.J. van Rooij, N. Teplova, Istvan Cziegler, K. K. 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Finburg, Henrik Sjöstrand, Slawomir Jednorog, Ewa Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, A. Martin, R. O. Dendy, B. Lepiavko, D. Croft, Goloborod'ko, A. V. Krasilnikov, M. Wischmeier, K. Gal, R. Ragona, Petter Ström, N. Parsons, G. Calabrò, Jean-Stéphane Joly, A. Capat, Linwei Li, T. Nakano, Paulo Rodrigues, L. Moser, João P. S. Bizarro, L. Piron, K. Pepperell, P. Aleynikov, Ambrogio Fasoli, S.-P. Pehkonen, Giuseppe Gorini, C. Taliercio, M. E. Puiatti, J. Svensson, H. R. Wilson, John Wright, S. Wiesen, O. Asztalos, R.V. Budny, A. Withycombe, P. Piovesan, Jonathan Gaspar, B. D. Stevens, P. Trimble, Vinodh Bandaru, F. S. Zaitsev, H. Sheikh, G. F. Matthews, Daniele Carnevale, K. Schoepf, L. McNamee, A. Czarnecka, P. Blanchard, Erik Fransson, J.P. Coad, Daniel Dunai, Carolina Björkas, A. Manzanares, M. Reich, A. Lahtinen, L. Giacomelli, Mirko Salewski, E. de la Cal, T. D. V. Haupt, T.T.C. Jones, M. Anghel, Kyriakos Hizanidis, J. M. Fontdecaba, Huber, A. Shaw, A. Cufar, A. Muraro, M. Clark, A. 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Barrera Orte, Tomas Markovic, Yu Gao, A. Lunniss, Z. Vizvary, E. Khilkevich, Th. Puetterich, Dmitry Matveev, E. Perelli Cippo, T. Owen, N. Imazawa, A. Silva, H. P. Summers, Norberto Catarino, Roberto Pasqualotto, P. Muscat, K. Keogh, Ricardo Magnus Osorio Galvao, P. Carman, M. Leyland, E. Veshchev, A. de Castro, M. Gruca, D. C. McDonald, L. Moreira, J. W. Banks, Sanjeev Ranjan, N. Sutton, Iris D. Young, Martin Imrisek, W. Zhang, J. K. Blackburn, Moiseenko, A. Parsloe, T. Loarer, D. N. Borba, S.J. Wukitch, D. P. Coster, J. Penzo, Jose Ramon Martin-Solis, P. Mantica, N. Bekris, M. G. O'Mullane, S. E. Dorling, Yunfeng Liang, S. Gulati, Roberto Ambrosino, J. Schweinzer, Cocilovo, D. Douai, M. A. Henderson, T. Suzuki, Gianluca Rubino, A. Peackoc, Yann Camenen, Y. Miyoshi, Ph. Jacquet, H. T. Lambertz, E. Tholerus, C. Sommariva, Prajapati, Yannick Marandet, F. Hasenbeck, Faa Federico Felici, M. Buckley, Kenneth Hammond, Daniele Milanesio, Cristian Ruset, Katsumichi Hoshino, D. Frigione, D. Chandra, I. Borodkina, P. Dinca, S. Brezinsek, J. Stallard, H. G. Esser, Matthew Sibbald, S. Knipe, Jorge Estrela da Silva, Kensaku Kamiya, P. A. Coates, J. C. Giacalone, Alfredo Pironti, Carvalho, D. D., Ferreira, D. R., Carvalho, P. J., Imrisek, M., Mlynar, J., Fernandes, H., and Formisano, A.
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Computer science ,Feature extraction ,Image processing ,Computerized Tomography (CT) and Computed Radiography (CR) ,Plasma diagnostics - interferometry ,spectroscopy and imaging ,01 natural sciences ,Convolutional neural network ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Compass ,Plasma diagnostics-interferometry, spectroscopy and imaging ,0103 physical sciences ,Computer vision ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,Jet (fluid) ,Contextual image classification ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition ,Plasma diagnostics - interferometry spectroscopy and imaging ,Tomography ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,plasma diagnostics - interferometry, spectroscopy and imaging - Abstract
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have found applications in many image processing tasks, such as feature extraction, image classification, and object recognition. It has also been shown that the inverse of CNNs, so- called deconvolutional neural networks, can be used for inverse problems such as plasma tomography. In essence, plasma tomography consists in reconstructing the 2D plasma profile on a poloidal cross-section of a fusion device, based on line-integrated measurements from multiple radiation detectors. Since the reconstruction process is computationally intensive, a deconvolutional neural network trained to produce the same results will yield a significant computational speedup, at the expense of a small error which can be assessed using different metrics. In this work, we discuss the design principles behind such networks, including the use of multiple layers, how they can be stacked, and how their dimensions can be tuned according to the number of detectors and the desired tomographic resolution for a given fusion device. We describe the application of such networks at JET and COMPASS, where at JET we use the bolometer system, and at COMPASS we use the soft X-ray diagnostic based on photodiode arrays.
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