Search

In this study, a novel cobalt-doped cerium oxide (CeO2)on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) substrate was successfully prepared through a hydrothermal method. The comprehensive characterization of the synthesized nanocomposite involved X-ray diffraction studies (XRD), Raman spectrum analysis, High Resolution Transmission Electron microscopy (HRTEM), and Field Emission Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The effective surface area of CeO2/rGO and Co-CeO2/rGO was determined using the Randles-Sevecik equation, revealing values of 4.02X10-5 cm2 and 6.35X10-5 cm 2, respectively. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) was employed to investigate the electrochemical reversibility behavior, demonstrating promising results for Co-CeO2/rGO nanocomposite. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) further highlighted low charge transfer resistance (Rct) and enhanced double-layer capacitance (Cdl). Notably, the synthesized nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity for methanol and formic acid oxidation in an acidic medium. Overall, this work provides valuable insights into the synthesis characterization, and electrochemical performance of Co-CeO2/rGO nanocomposite, showcasing their potential applications in energy-related processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on enhancing the durability of rubberwood, derived from Hevea brasiliensis trees, by utilizing a novel approach involving metal oxide nanoemulsions combined with linseed oil and paraffin wax to combat fungal attacks, offering a potential solution.

The article focuses on exploring the potential of using papaya peel extract as a dietary supplement to boost immunity in Labeo rohita fingerlings, a species cultivated in aquaculture in India, aiming to reduce the use of antibiotics and synthetic antioxidants.

The article focuses on investigating the potential of lauric acid as a therapeutic compound for oral cancer through an in-silico approach, utilizing computational tools to evaluate its pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, and potential targets.

The article focuses on a study conducted by researcher Pranidhipurnima Rachh and colleagues to analyze the benefits of the all-on-4 dental implant technique for toothless or severely damaged teeth. It found that many lacked accuracy, credibility, and reliability, emphasizing the need for more reliable sources, particularly from expert dental institutions.

The article focuses on a study that explores the potential of symbiosis to enhance the production of lactic acid and cellulose, both of which require glucose as a starting metabolite but follow different biosynthesis pathways.

The article focuses on a study conducted by researcher Aatifa Rasool and colleagues to explore crossbreeding the scab-resistant rosalie variety with the popular but vulnerable Fuji variety to produce columnar growing apple trees with scab resistance.

The article focuses on enhancing the sensitivity of graphene-based biosensors for cancer detection by combining graphene with metasurfaces, utilizing gold nano octagons to excite surface plasmons and amplify the electromagnetic field near the metal surface.

The article focuses on the dispersal behavior of snow leopards, elusive apex predators in the high mountains of Asia, whose movements are influenced by safety, food availability, and the complexity of the landscape, with limited knowledge about their dispersal behavior due to their elusive nature.

The article focuses on investigating the potential of yoghurt-derived bacteria and their metabolites, particularly from Streptococcus genus, to reduce foam cells associated with atherosclerosis, offering insights into a potential alternative approach for combating heart disease.

The article focuses on studying the parasites infesting the commercially harvested black pomfret, Parastromateus niger, which reduces its proteinaceous production, through collaborative research conducted by multiple institutions across different regions.

The article focuses on the implementation of the Wadi concept by the BAIF Development Research Foundation, which aims to empower smallholder farmers by transforming degraded or underused lands into profitable assets through an agroforestry-based integrated farming system.

The article focuses on a study conducted to develop a Tamil version of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) to assess mindfulness, which includes observing, describing, non-reacting, and acting with awareness in a non-judgmental manner.

The article focuses on a study conducted to analyze the effectiveness of dermal application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for musculoskeletal diseases and injuries. A liposomal formulation of aceclofenac was developed, incorporating chitosan for enhanced topical delivery and achieved an effective particle size and demonstrated superior therapeutic activity and skin tolerance in in-vivo studies, suggesting potential for further development and clinical trials.

The article discusses the development of a questionnaire to diagnose No Mobile Phone Phobia (Nomophobia) by psychologists from India and suggests a need for mental health professionals to refine assessment tools and develop interventions to promote healthier smartphone use among college students.

The article focuses on a study conducted by researchers from Chandigarh, India, who simulated aspirin's interactions with oestrogen receptor alpha and found that it inhibits its function, leading to decreased expression in breast cancer cells, suggesting aspirin's potential in breast cancer treatment.

The article focuses on a study conducted by researchers from India to explore the possibility of enhancing stress tolerance in crops by increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model system, they successfully inserted genes from pearl millet associated with stress tolerance into the algae, demonstrating increased resilience to multiple stresses, suggesting a potential method for breeding stress-resistant crops in agriculture.

The article discusses a study conducted by researchers K. Prathyusha and A. J. Solomon Raju to map malaria risk zones to tackle the prevalence of malaria in Paderu, Andhra Pradesh. By layering various data sources including topography, vegetation index, water bodies, and climate data, they identified key factors influencing malaria transmission. Their spatial analysis identified eight out of twelve mandals as malaria-prone areas with a new method showing higher accuracy.

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), belonging to the Piperaceae family, is the oldest known spice. Genetic variability and correlation for yield and yield attributes were estimated in nine black pepper genotypes. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all the characters studied. Maximum Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) and Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) were recorded for rachis weight vine-1 followed by dry berry yield vine-1 and fresh berry yield vine-1. These characters exhibited high heritability coupled with high genetic advance over mean indicating the considerable contribution of additive genetic variance in the expression of these characters. Dry berry yield vine-1 had a highly significant and positive correlation with rachis weight vine-1, fresh berry yield vine-1, spike length and lateral branch length both at the genotypic and phenotypic level. Genotypes HP 2173 (HP1117 x Thommannkodi), OPKM, HP 780, Hp 1411 and HP 820 were found promising for the economically important characters and have the potentiality to release as new commercial varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Origin of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) has long been a controversy, and the issue of it being a neoplasm or hamartoma was a subject of debate for a long time. Earlier it was grouped under a mixed group of odontogenic tumors considering the varying degrees of inductive changes. Recently, the WHO classification states that the presence of hard tissue within AOT was not due to induction but was rather a metaplastically produced mineralization and hence the tumor was reclassified under a group of tumors arising from odontogenic epithelium. This study is an attempt to identify if both epithelial (cytokeratin 14 [CK14]) and mesenchymal (vimentin) markers are expressed in the follicular and extrafollicular variants of AOT and to compare the expression with dentigerous cyst (DC) as this cyst is known to arise from reduced enamel epithelium which expressed CK14. This is done to possibly relate the origin of AOT with reduced enamel epithelium. Aims and Objectives: To study, analyze and correlate the expression of CK14 and vimentin in AOT and DC. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study on paraffin embedded tissues. Sixteen cases of AOT and 15 cases of DC were retrieved from the departmental archives and subjected to CK14 and vimentin immunostaining. Statistical Methods: Measures of central tendency was used to analyze the results. Results and Observations: Ninety percent of cases of follicular AOT (FAOT) and 100% cases of extra-follicular AOTs (EAOTs) showed positivity for CK14 and all cases of DC showed positivity for CK14. Vimentin was positive in 44% and negative in 56% cases of both FAOT and EAOT taken together. Conclusion: The CK14 expression profile in AOT and DC supports its odontogenic epithelial specific nature. The possible role of reduced enamel epithelium and dental lamina in histogenesis of AOT and DC is strongly evident by their CK14 expression pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beneficial effects of F2 bi-parental (BIP) mating have been amply demonstrated in several self-pollinated crops. To explore such beneficial effects in Dolichos bean, a highly popular grain legume vegetable and self-pollinated crop in southern Karnataka, an investigation was carried out to assess the impact of inter se mating in F2 population derived from HA 4 (a high yielding photoperiod in-sensitive determinate type released variety) × GL 37 (a photoperiod sensitive in-determinate type germplasm accession) on nine quantitative traits inter-relationship and frequency of transgressive segregants. Significant shift in correlation coefficient of fresh pod yield plant-1 with racemes plant-1 from -0.33 (in F3 progenies) to 0.19 (in BIP F3 progenies) suggested the possibility of increasing the number of racemes plant-1 without penalty in fresh pod yield plant-1 through selection. The frequency of individuals that surpassed higher scoring parent for days toflowering, racemes plant-1, fresh pods node-1, fresh pod yield plant-1 and 100-fresh seed weight was higher from BIP F3 than those from F3 progenies. The results suggested better prospects of deriving superior pure-lines with desired traits/combination of traits from inter-mated population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phyllanthus wightianus belongs to Euphorbiaceae family having ethnobotanical importance. The present study deals with validating the antimicrobial potential of solvent leaf extracts of P. wightianus. 11 human bacterial pathogens (Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Proteus vulgaris, and Serratiamarcescens) and 4 fungal pathogens (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Mucor racemosus, and Aspergillus niger) were also challenged with solvent leaf extracts usingagar well and disc diffusionmethods. Further, identification of the active component present in the bioactive extract was done using GC-MS analysis. Results showthat all extracts exhibited broad spectrum(6-29mm) of antibacterial activity onmost of the tested organisms. The results highlight the fact that the well in agar method was more effective than disc diffusion method. Significant antimicrobial activity was detected in methanol extract against S. pneumoniae (29 mm) with MIC and MBC values of 15.62 μg/mL. GC-MS analysis revealed that 29 bioactive constituents were present in methanolic extract of P. wightianus, of which 9,12-octadecaenioic acid (peak area 22.82%; RT-23.97) and N-hexadecanoic acid (peak area 21.55% RT-21.796) are the major compounds. The findings of this study show that P. wightianus extracts may be used as an anti-infective agent in folklore medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the barriers hindering the adoption of digital direct-to-consumer strategies by regional food producers in Uttarakhand. Topics include the high potential of Uttarakhand for regional food products, the benefits of direct-to-consumer strategies, and the barriers identified through literature review and surveys.

The article offers information on the potential of Garcinia gummi-gutta, also known as Malabar tamarind, to reduce obesity and its high demand in the culinary industry. Topics include the confusion surrounding the plant's reproductive system, with variations in floral morphologies between different trees, some having both male and female parts while others only have male parts, leading to uncertainty about the role of male flowers in fruit production.

The article offers information on disparities in access to clean cooking fuels in India and solutions to address them. Topics include the importance of clean cooking for energy efficiency, ecological benefits, and health, the investigation by researchers from IIT Madras, and the creation of the Clean Fuel Empowerment Index.

The article offers information on bismuth sulphide nanocomposites for supercapacitor applications.

The article offers information on nerve gas sensing using indium-doped tin oxide nanoparticles.

The article offers information on repurposing antiviral drugs against the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), which causes leukemia and neural disorders.

The article offers information on a new method for bone age estimation in children, using measurements of the radius, hamate, and terminal phalanx bones from hand and wrist X-rays.

The article offers information on the use of strain imaging, a sophisticated ultrasound technology, to predict heart attacks by measuring the strains on the heart wall.

The article offers information on estimating glacier thickness and volume in the Jhelum and Drass sub-basins of the Upper Indus Basin using computer modeling techniques.

The article offers information on the risk posed by Himalayan glaciers to hydropower infrastructure due to gravity-driven catastrophic mass flows. Topics include the challenges in assessing this risk, the proposed physics-based probabilistic method to assess the risk, and the use of data from ASTER GDEM and Randolph Glacier Inventory 6.0 in the study.

Background: Nutritional deficiencies primarily of iron and vitamins are implicated in etiology of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). The clinical manifestations of OSMF in due course of disease compel patients to manipulate dietary habits or decrease the intake of conventional diet, thus paving way for nutritional deficiency status to set in. Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a hematological parameter which measures variation in the size of red blood cells (RBC's). It appears that changes in RBC's occur much before the appearance of severe clinical features corresponding to deficiency status which may be assessed using alterations in mean cell volume (MCV) and RDW. Aims: To assess RDW and other hematological parameters in patients with OSMF and to correlate with various stages of OSMF. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were taken from clinically confirmed 41 cases of OSMF and 30 cases of control group and were subjected for automated complete blood estimation. Statistical Analysis: T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and Turkeys multiple posts hoc procedures. Results: RDW values were increased in almost all OSMF cases with statistically significant difference between cases and controls while other hematological parameters like haemoglobin (HB), MCV, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed no statistically significant differences. These hematological values were independent of the stages of the disease and did not show any difference in various stages except the eosinophil count. Conclusion: The study reveals increased RDW values in all OSMF patients inspite of normal hemoglobin levels in most of them, indicating a pre-anemic state. Eosinophils also progressively increased with each stage of OSMF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the challenges faced by researchers at NIT Agartala, led by Mitali Saha, in synthesizing graphene nanoribbons from organic compounds. Despite initial difficulties, they successfully produced nanoribbons by heating para-aminobenzoic acid and ortho-aminophenol, showcasing the potential of these nanoribbons for applications in electronics and sensor technology.

The article explores the role of zinc and phosphorus in hypothyroidism, revealing that reduced thyroid hormones lead to increased thyroid-stimulating hormones using zinc as a cofactor, and triiodothyronine controls phosphate ion movement.

The article focuses on enhancing the shelf life of Ziziphus mauritiana (ber), a fruit with high nutritional value but a short shelf life.

The article explores the use of copper oxide nanoparticles to enhance the efficiency of hydrogen production through water electrolysis using solar panels, addressing overheating issues and increasing energy efficiency by 20 percent.

The article explores neuroendocrine neoplasms, rare tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells, and proposes insulinoma-associated protein 1 as a potential diagnostic marker, with preliminary findings indicating a significant association.

The article explores the linguistic structures of Tamil songs using natural language processing, revealing that the grammatical structure is more diverse than previously thought; researchers developed a regression model to analyze the differences in linguistic choices among lyricists.

The article explores the use of gelatin nanoparticles in wound healing, highlighting their positive impact on stromal cell proliferation and migration, ultimately accelerating tissue regeneration.

The article explores the potential of thioglycosides, sugar compounds with a sulfur substitution for oxygen, in disrupting bacterial glycan synthesis, specifically targeting pathogenic bacteria like Helicobacter pylori while sparing beneficial gut bacteria and human cell lines.

The article focuses on predicting the impact of climate change on the distribution of four ungulate species in the Changthang region of eastern Ladakh. Topics discussed include the use of an ensemble model correlating environmental data to predict the current distribution and the projection that these ungulates may lose up to sixty-one percent of their current range by 2070, with a northward shift, emphasizing the need for conservation planning in the region.

Nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Nitro-PAH) are highly toxic PHA derivatives. Nitro-PHAs are emitted by carbonaceous materials and PHA post-emission transformation, which causes water and environmental pollution and also exists as carcinogenic and immunotoxic agents. UV light has been shown to cause DNA damage and improves the covalent binding of PAH to DNA significantly. Mosquito breeding grounds are pools of water that can be large open zones or encased ponds with varying levels of sunlight exposure. This research was performed to assess the combined effects of UV-B exposure and Nitro-PAH on the physiological function of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. To assess the impact of UV-B irradiation and Nitro-PAH exposure on mosquito vectors, parameters were examined: (1) Nitro-PAH availability and its impact on cell fatalities; (2) the detoxifying abilities of cytochrome P450, glutathione-S-transferase, and esterase; (3) the reactions to Reactive Oxygen Species; and (4) The resistance of mosquito larvae to three synthetic pesticides (temephos, imidacloprid, and permethrin). UV-B and Nitro-PAH treatment caused cellular damage and increased major detoxification enzymes such as α & β-esterase, cytoP450, CAT, GST, and POX. The levels of oxidative stress, ROS and protein carbonyl content, nitrite, ascorbic acid and thiobarbituric acid were decreased significantly. Toxicology bioassays revealed that UV-B + Nitro-PAH exposure significantly increased larval susceptibility. The current study concludes that prior exposure to Nitro-PAHs and UV-B may make mosquito larvae more vulnerable to chemical insecticides., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Authors.)