Search

Your search keyword '"Qi, Shuo"' showing total 214 results
Start Over "Qi, Shuo" Search Limiters Full Text
214 results on '"Qi, Shuo"'

3. Study on the Distribution of Clinical Symptoms and Syndromes of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Complicated with Thyrotoxicosis

Author

GE Yaxue, DING Zhiguo, CHEN Xiaoheng, LI Huilong, QI Shuo, HU Rui

Subjects
hashimoto disease, hashimoto thyroiditides, hashimoto thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis, traditional chinese medicine syndrome, regularity of distribution, factor analysis, cluster analysis, Medicine
Abstract

Background Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a systematic understanding of the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis. However, at present, there are few studies on the clinical symptoms and syndrome distribution of TCM in this disease population, and there is also a lack of description of the syndrome distribution and syndrome diagnostic criteria of this disease in the national industry standards. Objective Using factor analysis combine with cluster analysis to explore the distribution of clinical symptoms and syndromes of Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis, provide a basis for clinical syndrome differentiation and promote the standardization of Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis syndrome. Methods From December 2020 to December 2021, 171 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis who met the diagnostic criteria in the outpatient department of thyroid disease of Dongcheng District, Tongzhou District of Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Sunsimiao Hospital was collected. The symptoms, signs, tongue, pulse and other four diagnostic information were collected by using the four diagnostic information collection table of Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis'. Based on factor analysis and cluster analysis, the symptoms and syndrome distribution of Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis were studied. Results Among the 171 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis, there were 17 males and 154 females, with an average age of (39.98±13.30) years. Patients aged 20-60 years accounted for 87.72%. The symptoms with high frequency in the distribution of symptoms were fatigue, palpitation, irritability or impatience. Signs were swelling of the neck, finger tremor. The tongue image with higher frequency had red, thin tongue and tooth marks on the tongue. The moss were white and thin. The pulse condition were pulse string and pulse number. Factor analysis of 82 four diagnostic items of the questionnaire was collected, and 25 common factors were extracted. The cumulative variance contribution rate was 70.562%, and 62 meaningful symptoms were screened out. The 25 common factor results obtained by factor analysis were used as variables to perform R-type system cluster analysis, and a total of 5 types of syndrome types were obtained, namely: pattern of phlegm congealing due to liver depression, pattern of yin deficiency with effulgent fire, pattern of yang deficiency in spleen and kidney, pattern of qi stagnation due to liver depression, pattern of dual deficiency of qi and nutrient phases. Conclusion The basic TCM syndromes of Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyrotoxicosis can be divided into pattern of phlegm congealing due to liver depression, pattern of yin deficiency with effulgent fire, pattern of yang deficiency in spleen and kidney, pattern of qi stagnation due to liver depression, pattern of dual deficiency of qi and nutrient phases.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Relationship between Serum Thyroid Hormone Levels and Prognosis during Hospitalization in Heart Failure Patients

Author

ZHANG Jin, DING Zhiguo, QI Shuo, LI Ying, LI Weiqiang, ZHANG Yuanyuan, ZHOU Tong

Subjects
heart failure, low t3 syndrome, reverse triiodothyronine, thyroid hormone, prognosis, root cause analysis, Medicine
Abstract

Background The serum reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) values of heart failure patients who died during hospitalization were found significantly higher than the upper limit of the biological reference interval in the clinical work of the author. The prediction of thyroid hormones, especially rT3, on death during hospitalization of heart failure patients was rare reported in the previous studies, it is of great clinical significance to explore the indicators with predictive value for death during hospitalization in patients with heart failure. Objective To investigate the relationship between serum thyroid hormones and prognosis during hospitalization in patients with heart failure. Methods A total of 197 patients with heart failure admitted to Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from April 2019 to April 2022 were included in the study. Baseline data of the study subjects were collected by the electronic medical record system. Fasting venous blood of all subjects was collected within 24 h after admission for total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), rT3 and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-pro-BNP). Subjects were divided into death group (n=18) and non-death group (n=179) according to the occurrence of death during hospitalization. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of death during hospitalization in patients with heart failure. Receiver operating curve (ROC curve) was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of related indicators on death during hospitalization in patients with heart failure, and the area under curve (AUC) of each indicator was calculated and compared by Delong test. Results The age and rT3 of death group were higher than those of non-death group, while FT3, TT3 and TSH of death group were lower than those of non-death group, with statistically significant differences (P

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Progression of an emission inventory of China integrating CO2 with air pollutants: A chance to learn the influence of development on emissions

Author

Zhi, Guorui, Du, Jinhong, Chen, Aizhong, Jin, Wenjing, Ying, Na, Huang, Zhihui, Xu, Peng, Wang, Di, Ma, Jinghua, Zhang, Yuzhe, Qu, Jiabao, Zhang, Hao, Yang, Li, Ma, Zhanyun, Ren, Yanjun, Dang, Hongyan, Cui, Jianglong, Lin, Pengchuan, He, Zhuoshi, Zhao, Jinmin, Qi, Shuo, Zhang, Weiqi, Zhao, Wenjuan, Li, Yingxin, Liu, Qian, Zhao, Chen, Tang, Yi, Wei, Peng, Wang, Jingxu, Song, Zhen, Kong, Yao, Zhu, Xiangzhe, Shen, Yi, Zhang, Tianning, Chu, Yangxi, Zhang, Xinmin, Fu, Jiafeng, Gao, Qingxian, Hu, Jingnan, and Xue, Zhigang

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell differentiation trajectory predicts immunotherapy, potential therapeutic drugs, and prognosis of patients

Author

Qiu Jun, Wang Haoyun, Lv Xin, Mao Lipeng, Huang Junyan, Hao Tao, Li Junliang, Qi Shuo, Chen Guodong, and Jiang Haiping

Subjects
cell differentiation trajectory, hepatocellular carcinoma, immune checkpoint, overall survival, molecular-targeted drugs, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The aim of this study is to explore a novel classification and investigate the clinical significance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We analyzed integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA-seq data obtained from HCC samples. Cell trajectory analysis divided HCC cells into three subgroups with different differentiation states: state 1 was closely related to phosphoric ester hydrolase activity, state 2 was involved in eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding, translation regulator activity and ribosome, and state 3 was associated with oxidoreductase activity and metabolism. Three molecular classes based on HCC differentiation-related genes (HDRGs) from HCC samples were identified, which revealed immune checkpoint gene expression and overall survival (OS) of HCC patients. Moreover, a prognostic risk scoring (RS) model was generated based on eight HDRGs, and the results showed that the OS of the high-risk group was worse than that of the low-risk group. Further, potential therapeutic drugs were screened out based on eight prognostic RS-HDRGs. This study highlights the importance of HCC cell differentiation in immunotherapy, clinical prognosis, and potential molecular-targeted drugs for HCC patients, and proposes a direction for the development of individualized treatments for HCC.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. The Physiological Mechanisms of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Enhance Motor Performance: A Narrative Review.

Author

Qi, Shuo, Cao, Lei, Wang, Qingchun, Sheng, Yin, Yu, Jinglun, and Liang, Zhiqiang

Subjects
*PHYSIOLOGY, *FATIGUE (Physiology), *LONG-term potentiation, *TRANSCRANIAL direct current stimulation, *NEUROPLASTICITY, *COGNITIVE neuroscience
Abstract

Simple Summary: After outlining the role of tDCS in enhancing physical performance, this study explores its mechanisms of action. The primary focus is on how tDCS improves motor abilities and motor skill by modulating the resting membrane potential of neurons, enhancing synaptic plasticity, and strengthening the functional connectivity of neural networks. tDCS has demonstrated significant potential in improving motor function and facilitating rehabilitation, which is particularly valuable for athletes, the elderly, and patients with neurological injuries. Its broader social impact lies in its accessibility as an economical, convenient, and effective tool that can be widely applied in sports science, rehabilitation medicine, and cognitive neuroscience to enhance individual performance and quality of life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that applies a stable, low-intensity (1–2 mA) direct current to modulate neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex. This technique is effective, simple to operate, affordable, and widely employed across various fields. tDCS has been extensively used in clinical and translational research, with growing applications in military and competitive sports domains. In recent years, the use of tDCS in sports science has garnered significant attention from researchers. Numerous studies have demonstrated that tDCS can enhance muscle strength, explosive power, and aerobic metabolism, reduce fatigue, and improve cognition, thereby serving as a valuable tool for enhancing athletic performance. Additionally, recent research has shed light on the physiological mechanisms underlying tDCS, including its modulation of neuronal resting membrane potential to alter cortical excitability, enhancement of synaptic plasticity to regulate long-term potentiation, modulation of neurovascular coupling to improve regional cerebral blood flow, and improvement of cerebral network functional connectivity, which activates and reinforces specific brain regions. tDCS also enhances the release of excitatory neurotransmitters, further regulating brain function. This article, after outlining the role of tDCS in improving physical performance, delves into its mechanisms of action to provide a deeper understanding of how tDCS enhances athletic performance and offers novel approaches and perspectives for physical performance enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Study on the Polymorphic Loci of Explosive Strength-Related Genes in Elite Wrestlers.

Author

Qi, Shuo, Yu, Jinglun, Meng, Fanbo, Wei, Zhen, and Liang, Zhiqiang

Subjects
*ELITE athletes, *BIOMARKERS, *GENOTYPES, *ALLELES, *GENE frequency, *SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms
Abstract

This investigation aimed to explore the relationship between Chinese elite wrestlers and the polymorphic loci of explosive strength genes, and to further explore the feasibility of its application to athlete selection. The snapshot technique was used to resolve the polymorphic loci of explosive power genes in the wrestler group (59 elite wrestlers) and the control group (180 ordinary college students), and to analyze the genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of each group. A chi-square test was performed on the genotype and allele distribution data of each group to analyze the loci of explosive power genes that were associated with elite wrestlers. The loci that had an association with elite wrestlers were combined with the genotyping data, and the dominance ratios of the genotypes were calculated using the chi-square test to determine the dominant genotypes associated with elite wrestlers. The VDR gene rs2228570 locus exhibited statistically significant differences in genotype and allele distributions between elite wrestlers and the general population (p < 0.01). At the rs2228570 locus of the VDR gene, the difference between the CC genotype and other genotypes was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The rs2228570 locus of the VDR gene was identified as the locus associated with Chinese elite wrestlers. The polymorphism of the VDR gene can be used as a biomarker for Chinese wrestlers, and the CC genotype can be used as a molecular marker for the selection of Chinese elite athletes in this sport. However, expanding the sample size of elite athletes is necessary to further validate the scientific validity and feasibility of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Genetically Predicted Association of 91 Circulating Inflammatory Proteins with Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Author

Li, Xin'ai, Ding, Zhiguo, Qi, Shuo, Wang, Peng, Wang, Junhui, and Zhou, Jingwei

Subjects
GENOME-wide association studies, FALSE discovery rate, MULTIPLE sclerosis, CHEMOKINES, DRUG target
Abstract

Previous studies have validated a close association between inflammatory factors and multiple sclerosis (MS), but their causal relationship is not fully profiled yet. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effect of circulating inflammatory proteins on MS. Data from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) were analyzed using a two-sample MR method to explore the relationship between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and MS. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) analysis was employed as the main method for evaluating exposures and outcomes. Furthermore, series of the methods of MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode were used to fortify the final results. The results of the IVW method were corrected with Bonferroni (bon) and false discovery rate (fdr) for validating the robustness of results and ensuring the absence of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. The sensitivity analysis was also performed. The results of the forward MR analysis showed that higher levels of CCL25 were found to be associated with an increased risk of MS according to IVW results, OR: 1.085, 95% CI (1.011, 1.165), p = 2.42 × 10−2, adjusted p_adj_bon = 1, p_adj_fdr = 0.307. Similarly, higher levels of CXCL10 were found to be associated with an increased risk of MS, OR: 1.231, 95% CI (1.057, 1.433), p = 7.49 × 10−3, adjusted p_adj_bon = 0.682, p_adj_fdr = 0.227. In contrast, elevated levels of neurturin (NRTN) were associated with a decreased risk of MS, OR: 0.815, 95% CI (0.689, 0.964), p = 1.68 × 10−2, adjusted p_adj_bon = 1, p_adj_fdr = 0.307. Reverse MR analysis showed no causal relationship between MS and the identified circulating inflammatory cytokines. The effects of heterogeneity and level pleiotropy were further excluded by sensitivity analysis. This study provides new insights into the relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and MS and brings up a new possibility of using these cytokines as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The data in this study show that there are only weak associations between inflammatory molecules and MS risk, which did not survive bon and fdr correction, and the obtained p-values are quite low. Therefore, further studies on larger samples are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Dietary Supplementation with Omega‐3 PUFAs Modulates Gut Microbiota and Protects the Intestinal Barrier in Senescence‐Accelerated Mice.

Author

Qiu, Jun, Qi, Shuo, Ding, Chengming, Jiang, Haiping, Chen, Guodong, Lv, Xin, and Manna, Prasenjit

Subjects
*INTESTINAL barrier function, *UNSATURATED fatty acids, *GUT microbiome, *OLDER people, *DIETARY supplements, *DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid
Abstract

Intestinal mucosal barrier aging is a major cause of the occurrence and development of many chronic diseases in older adults and is closely associated with gut microbiota. However, it remains unclear whether exogenous supplementation with omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω‐3 PUFAs) can ameliorate aging‐induced intestinal mucosal barrier damage by regulating the gut microbiota. This study was conducted to explore the roles of ω‐3 PUFAs and gut microbiota in the process of maintaining the intestinal mucosal barrier. Senescence‐accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice were used to establish a geriatric animal model and given reasonable doses of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplemented diets for six months to validate the effect of ω‐3 PUFAs. Differences in the composition and function of gut microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This study revealed that aging SAMP8 mice showed increased intestinal permeability and gut microbiota disorder. Long‐term supplementation with ω‐3 PUFAs reduced intestinal mucosal permeability (P < 0.05), regulated gut microbiota, strengthened the microecological interactions, and enhanced enrichment of metabolic pathways producing short‐chain fatty acids (P < 0.05), ultimately ameliorating intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ω‐3 PUFAs could maintain the aging intestinal mucosal barrier by regulating the relative abundance of eight key characteristic microbial strains to increase the concentration of DHA and EPA in the plasma and colon tissue and reduced intestinal permeability of SAMP8 mice. ω‐3 PUFAs can significantly ameliorate intestinal mucosal barrier function in senescence‐accelerated mice, and this effect is mediated by the gut microbiota. The findings of our study provide a scientific basis for the rational intake of ω‐3 PUFAs in older adults to maintain intestinal mucosal barrier function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Populus euphratica CPK21 interacts with heavy metal stress-associated proteins to mediate Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis

Author

Yin, Kexin, primary, Zhao, Rui, additional, Liu, Zhe, additional, Qi, Shuo, additional, Zhang, Ying, additional, Liu, Yi, additional, Yan, Caixia, additional, Zhao, Ziyan, additional, Zhang, Xiaomeng, additional, Yao, Jun, additional, Zhang, Yanli, additional, Liu, Jian, additional, Li, Jing, additional, Zhao, Nan, additional, Zhou, Xiaoyang, additional, and Chen, Shaoliang, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. A new species of stream-living toad (Anura: Bufonidae: Bufo) from Guangdong, China

Author

Qi, Shuo, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Song, Han-Ming, Wei, Shi-Chao, Zhong, Qi-Feng, and Wang, Ying-Yong

Subjects
true toad, Insecta, Arthropoda, Sarcopterygii, Batrachideinae, Asteraceae, Amphibia, Magnoliopsida, Bufo cryptotympanicus, taxonomy, Gnathostomata, Acrididea, Animalia, Tetrigidae, Bufo exiguus sp. nov, Chordata, Plantae, Vertebrata, Tetrapoda, Asterales, Bufonidini, Biota, Bufonidae, Arctium, Caelifera, niche differentiation, Tracheophyta, Tetrigoidea, Osteichthyes, Bufo, Carduoideae, Orthoptera, Anura
Abstract

Abstract In this work, we describe a new species of genus Bufo, Bufo exiguus sp. nov. from Mt. Nankun, Guangdong Province, China. This new species can be distinguished from all congeners by significant divergences in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and CO1 genes and by a combination of morphological characters: small body size, tympanum absent, parotoid glands small and olive-shaped, tarsal fold absent, dorsal body with a fine vertebral line and white nuptial spinules present on dorsal and inner surfaces of fingers I and II in males. At present, Bufo exiguus sp. nov. is only known from the slow-flowing montane streams from its type locality and its conservation status should be carefully addressed.

Published
2023

41. Erratum: SHUO QI, ZHI-TONG LYU, JIAN WANG, YUN-MING MO, ZHAO-CHI ZENG, YANG-JIN ZENG, KE-YUAN DAI, YUAN-QIU LI, L. LEE GRISMER & YING-YONG WANG (2022) Three new species of the genus Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from southern China. Zootaxa, 5072: 401–438

Author

QI, SHUO, LYU, ZHI-TONG, WANG, JIAN, MO, YUN-MING, ZENG, ZHAO-CHI, ZENG, YANG-JIN, DAI, KE-YUAN, LI, YUAN-QIU, GRISMER, L. LEE, and WANG, YING-YONG

Subjects
Biodiversity, Taxonomy
Abstract

QI, SHUO, LYU, ZHI-TONG, WANG, JIAN, MO, YUN-MING, ZENG, ZHAO-CHI, ZENG, YANG-JIN, DAI, KE-YUAN, LI, YUAN-QIU, GRISMER, L. LEE, WANG, YING-YONG (2022): Erratum: SHUO QI, ZHI-TONG LYU, JIAN WANG, YUN-MING MO, ZHAO-CHI ZENG, YANG-JIN ZENG, KE-YUAN DAI, YUAN-QIU LI, L. LEE GRISMER & YING-YONG WANG (2022) Three new species of the genus Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from southern China. Zootaxa, 5072: 401–438. Zootaxa 5115 (4): 600-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.10

Published
2022

44. Boulenophrys hungtai Wang & Zeng & Lyu & Qi & Liu & Chen & Lu & Xiao & Lin & Chen & Wang 2022, sp. nov

Author

Wang, Jian, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Qi, Shuo, Liu, Zu-Yao, Chen, Hong-Hui, Lu, Yu-Hong, Xiao, Hui-Wen, Lin, Can-Rong, Chen, Kai, and Wang, Ying-Yong

Subjects
Amphibia, Megophryidae, Boulenophrys hungtai, Animalia, Biodiversity, Boulenophrys, Anura, Chordata, Taxonomy
Abstract

Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. Wang, Zeng, Lyu, Xiao & Wang Hung-Ta Chang���s Horned Toad (in English) / Ji&emacr; Y��ng Ji��o Ch��n (DZffiDzdz in Chinese) Figures 5���6 Holotype. SYS a007578, adult male, collected by Jian Wang, Hong-Hui Chen and Hui-Wen Xiao on 5 January 2019 from Mt. Liwangzhang (23��38'6.42"N, 115��48'51.78"E; ca. 990 m a.s.l.), Jiexi, Jieyang, Guangdong, China. Paratypes (N=12). SYS a007575/ CIB118527, SYS a007576���7577, 7579���7582, 7594���7597, adult males, collected on 5���6 January 2019 from the same stream as the holotype at elevations between 950���1000 m. SYS a008576, adult male, collected by Jian Wang, Hong-Hui Chen, and Shuo Qi on 28 February 2021 from Shuangkeng Forestry Station (23��43'56.25"N, 116��21'26.4"E; ca. 550 m a.s.l.), Jiedong, Jieyang, Guangdong, China. Etymology. The specific epithet ��� hungtai ��� is a patronym in honor of Professor Hung-Ta Chang (=Hong-Da Zhang, �����ffl, 1914���2016), an outstanding botanist who was born in Jiexi. Diagnosis. (1) Small body size, SVL 25.8���33.3 mm (28.2 �� 2.3, N = 12) in adult males; (2) snout pointed in dorsal view; (3) tympanum moderate, TD/ED 0.52���0.61; (4) tympanic region smooth without granules or tubercles; (4) vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth absent; (5) margin of tongue rounded, not notched distally; (6) hindlimbs short, heels not meeting and tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to the region between tympanum and posterior corner of eye; (7) a subarticular tubercle present at the base of each fingers; (8) toes without lateral fringes and webbing; (9) distinct enlarged tubercles on the surface of limbs, flanks, chest, belly and around the cloaca; (10) tips of the tubercles on posterior abdomen, ventral thighs and around the cloaca bearing tiny spines; (11) single subgular vocal sac in males; (12) nuptial pads with villiform black nuptial spines on the dorsal surface of the first and second fingers in breeding males. Comparisons. Comparative data of Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. and the other recognized members of Boulenophrys are listed in Table 3. Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. by having a moderately sized tympanum, TD/ED 0.52���0.61 (vs. tympanum large, TD/ED 0.68���0.71); lacking both a vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth (vs. vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth present); lacking webbing on toes (vs. having rudimentary webbing on toes). Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. is strongly supported as the sister taxon to B. insularis, which is stated by Wang et al. (2017a) to be an endemic species of an offshore island in Shantou, China. Though the mean p -distance in the 16S gene is only 2.2 %, B. hungtai differs by having a snout pointed in dorsal view (vs. snout obtusely rounded in dorsal view); by the absence of vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth (vs. presence of strong vomerine ridge bearing vomerine teeth); margin of tongue not notched distally (vs. tongue notched distally); absence of webbing on toes (vs. having rudiment of webbing on toes); distinct enlarged tubercles on the surface of limbs, flanks, chest, belly and around the cloaca (vs. ventral surface smooth). Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. forms a clade with B. ombrophila (mean p -distance 4.9 % in the 16S gene), B. obesa (mean p -distance 3.9 % in the 16S gene), and B. cheni (mean p -distance 2.5 % in the 16S gene) though there is weak support for these relationships. However, the new species differs from the latter two congeners by having no webbing on toes (vs. having rudiment of webbing on toes in B. obesa); no vomerine ridge (vs. presence of vomerine ridges in B. obesa); a pointed snout in dorsal view (vs. snout rounded in dorsal view in B. ombrophila and B. obesa); distinct enlarged tubercles on the surface of limbs, flanks, chest, belly and around the cloaca (vs. ventral surface smooth in B. ombrophila and B. obesa); margin of tongue not notched distally, the shorter shanks with heels not meeting, absence of lateral fringes on toes (vs. tongue notched, heels meeting, presence of wide lateral fringes on toes in B. cheni). With a smaller body size, SVL 25.8���33.3 mm in adult males, Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. differs from the seven congeners whose SVL ��� 50 mm in males, including B. caudoprocta (81.3 mm in a single male), B. jingdongensis (53.0��� 56.5 mm in males), B. liboensis (60.5���67.7 mm in males), B. mirabilis (55.8���61.4 mm in males), B. omeimontis (56.0��� 59.5 mm in males), B. sangzhiensis (54.7 mm in a single male), and B. shuichengensis (102.0��� 118.3 mm in males). In having relatively shorter shanks with heels that do not meet when the flexed hind limbs are held at right angles to the body axis, Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from the following 31 congeners, i.e. B. angka, B. anlongensis, B. baishanzuensis, B. baolongensis, B. binchuanensis, B. binlingensis, B. boettgeri, B. congjiangensis, B. chishuiensis, B. jiangi, B. jinggangensis, B. jiulianensis, B. leishanensis, B. lini, B. minor, B. mufumontana, B. nanlingensis, B. palpebralespinosa, B. qianbeiensis, B. sanmingensis, B. shimentaina, B. shunhuangensis, B. spinata, B. tongboensis, B. wuliangshanensis, B. wushanensis, B. xiangnanensis, B. xianjuensis, B. yaoshanensis, B. yangmingensis, B. yingdeensis and B. yunkaiensis, all of which have relatively longer shanks with the heels meeting or overlapping. By the absence of vomerine teeth, Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. differs from B. daiyunensis, B. daweimontis, B. dongguanensis, B. fansipanensis, B. frigida, B. hoanglienensis, B. nankunensis, and B. rubrimera, all of which have vomerine teeth. By having a rounded margin of the tongue that is not notched distally, Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. differs from B. huangshanensis, B. kuatunensis, and B. lushuiensis, all of which have notched tongues. By the absence of lateral fringes on toes, Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. differs from B. acuta, and B. daoji, all of which have lateral fringes on toes. By the absence of webbing on toes, Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. differs from B. brachykolos, B. caobangensis, B. tuberogranulatus, and B. wugongensis, all of which have rudimentary webbing on toes. Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. further differs from the remaining B. lishuiensis by having raised tubercles bearing spines on their tips on surface of posterior abdomen (vs. surface of belly smooth in B. lishuiensis). Description of holotype. Adult male. Body size small, SVL 28.7 mm. Head width slightly larger than head length, HDW/HDL 1.11; snout pointed in dorsal view, projecting, sloping backward to mouth in profile, protruding well beyond margin of lower jaw; top of head flat; eyes moderate in size, ED 0.34 of HDL, pupil vertical, near diamond-shaped; nostril oblique-ovoid; canthus rostralis well developed; loreal region slightly oblique; internasal distance slightly larger than interorbital distance; tympanum moderate in size with an obvious margin, TD/ED 0.58; large ovoid choanae at base of maxilla; vomerine ridges and vomerine teeth absent, maxillary teeth present; margin of tongue rounded, not notched distally; presence of a single subgular vocal sac, and pair of slit-like openings at posterior of jaw. Forearm (i.e., radioulna) length 0.22 of SVL and hand 0.23 of SVL; hand lacking webbing, fingers lacking lateral fringes, relative finger length I Coloration of holotype in life. Dorsal surface of body maroon, with an incomplete dark brown triangular marking between eyes. Flanks yellowish brown. Two wide oblique black bands present on forearm. Dorsal surface of fingers and hindlimbs with dark grey transverse bands. Presence of vertical dark brown band below eye. Tip of tubercle on the edge of upper eyelid white. Supratympanic fold greyish white with orange mottling. Ventral surface of throat, chest, and sides of belly dark brown with white and orange mottling, black longitudinal band on surface of throat; central and posterior part of belly white, with dark brown patches and orange mottling. Tubercles on ventral surface of chest, belly, and thighs greyish white; spines on tips of tubercles on surface of posterior abdomen, ventral surface of thighs and around cloaca dark grey. Digits, inner and outer metacarpal tubercles, and inner metatarsal tubercle greyish white. Pectoral glands and femoral glands beige. Iris reddish brown. Coloration of holotype in preservative. Maroon fades to dark brown dorsally. Coloration of flanks fades to greyish brown. Triangular marking between eyes and transverse bands on dorsal forearms and hind limbs become indistinct. Orange mottling on the supratympanic fold absent. Color of ventral surface fades; patterns of become indistinct; orange mottling on ventral skin absent. Pectoral glands and femoral glands greyish white. Variation. Mensural data of the type series are listed in Table 5. Most of the paratypes are similar to the holotype in morphology and color pattern, except for the following: coloration of dorsum is light brown and iris is reddish brown in the holotype (vs. dorsum beige and iris greyish white with irregular dark brown and light orange patterns in the paratype SYS a008576 (Fig. 6A���B); central and posterior part of belly white, with dark brown patches and orange mottling in the holotype (vs. ventral skin dark brown, without regular patches in the paratype SYS a008576 (Fig. 6C���D); larger body size in the paratypes SYS a007582 (SVL 32.7 mm) and SYS 008576 (SVL 33.3 mm); tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to middle of tympanum when hind limb stretched along body (vs. tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to posterior corner of eye in the paratypes SYS a007576, 7582, 7596, 7597, 8576). Distribution and natural history. Currently, Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. is known from Mt. Liwangzhang of Jiexi (800���1000 m a.s.l.) and Shuangkeng Forestry Station (500���800 m a.s.l.) of Jiedong, which are ca. 55 km from each other. This toad inhabits flowing montane streams and the nearby forest floor and leaf litter, and is sympatric with Pachytriton brevipes (Sauvage, 1876). Cynops orphicus Risch, 1983 can also be observed in the surrounding area. Advertisement calls of males from Mt. Liwangzhang were heard from November to the following January. A single male (SYS a008576) from Shuangkeng Forestry Station was noticed discontinuously calling on March after the heavy rain. Males were found calling under the leaf litter or in rock crevices in flowing streams., Published as part of Wang, Jian, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Qi, Shuo, Liu, Zu-Yao, Chen, Hong-Hui, Lu, Yu-Hong, Xiao, Hui-Wen, Lin, Can-Rong, Chen, Kai & Wang, Ying-Yong, 2022, Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae), pp. 91-119 in Zootaxa 5099 (1) on pages 106-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5099.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6036964, {"references":["Wang, J., Liu, Z. Y., Lyu, Z. T., Zeng, Z. C. & Wang, Y. Y. (2017 a) A new species of the genus Xenophrys (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae) from an offshore island in Guangdong Province, southeastern China. Zootaxa, 4324 (3), 541 - 556. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4324.3.8","Sauvage, H. E. (1876) L'Institut. Journal des Academies et Societes Scientifiques de la France et de l'Etrangers, Paris, 4, 274 - 275.","Risch, J. P. (1983) Cynops orphicus, a new salamander from Guangdong Province, South China (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae). Alytes, Paris, 2, 45 - 52."]}

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Boulenophrys fengshunensis Wang & Zeng & Lyu & Qi & Liu & Chen & Lu & Xiao & Lin & Chen & Wang 2022, sp. nov

Author

Wang, Jian, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Qi, Shuo, Liu, Zu-Yao, Chen, Hong-Hui, Lu, Yu-Hong, Xiao, Hui-Wen, Lin, Can-Rong, Chen, Kai, and Wang, Ying-Yong

Subjects
Amphibia, Boulenophrys fengshunensis, Megophryidae, Animalia, Biodiversity, Boulenophrys, Anura, Chordata, Taxonomy
Abstract

Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. Wang, Zeng, Lyu & Wang Fengshun Horned Toad (in English) / F&emacr;ng Sh��n Ji��o Ch��n (���NJDzdz in Chinese) Chresonymy: Megophrys sp 14 ��� Liu et al. 2018 Figures 7���8 Holotype. SYS a004744, adult male, collected by Jian Wang and Zhi-Tong Lyu on 13 May 2016 from Mt. Tongguzhang (24��10'31.12"N, 116��21'2.63"E; ca. 1500 m a.s.l.), Fengshun, Meizhou, Guangdong, China. Paratypes (N=7). Adult males, SYS a004724/ CIB118528, SYS a004725���4728, collected by Jian Wang and Zhi-Tong Lyu on 11 May 2016 from the same locality of the holotype. Adult females, SYS a005220���5221, collected by Jian Wang on 9 August 2016 from the same locality of the holotype. Etymology. The specific epithet ��� fengshunensis ��� refers to the type locality of the new species, the Fengshun County. Diagnosis. (1) Small body size, SVL 34.3���39.4 mm (36.9 �� 1.7, N = 6) in adult males and SVL 42.5���44.9 mm (N = 2) in adult females; (2) snout pointed in dorsal view; (3) tympanum moderate in size TD/ED 0.56���0.67, tubercles bearing spines on tips present on skin of temporal region including the tympanum; (4) vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth present; (5) margin of tongue rounded, not notched distally; (6) hindlimbs short, heels not meeting and tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to the region between tympanum and posterior corner of eye, TIB/SVL 0.37���0.43; (7) a subarticular tubercle present at the base of each fingers; (8) toes without lateral fringes and with rudiment of webbing; (9) distinct sparse enlarged tubercles on the surface of limbs, flanks, posterior part of belly and around the cloaca; (10) tips of the tubercles on ventral surface of thighs and around the cloaca bearing tiny spines; (11) single subgular vocal sac in males; (12) nuptial pads with well-developed villiform black nuptial spines on the dorsal surface of the first and second fingers in breeding males. Comparisons. Comparative data of Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. and the other recognized members of Boulenophrys are listed in Table 3. Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. and Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov. having a tympanum with tubercles bearing spines on their tips (vs. tympanic region smooth without granules, tubercles or spines in Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. and Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov.); the presence of both a vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth (vs. absence of vomerine ridge but with vomerine teeth present in Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov.); tubercles on skin of the posterior part of belly without spines (vs. tubercles on skin of the posterior part of belly bearing spines on their tips in both Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. and Boulenophrys hungtai sp. nov.). With a smaller body size, SVL 34.3���39.4 mm in adult males and SVL 42.5���44.9 mm in adult females, Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. differs from the seven congeners whose SVL ��� 50 mm in males or SVL ��� 60 mm in females, including B. caudoprocta (81.3 mm in a single male), B. jingdongensis (53.0��� 56.5 mm in males and 63.5 mm in a single female), B. liboensis (60.5���67.7 mm in males and 60.8���70.6 in females), B. mirabilis (55.8���61.4 mm in males and 68.5���74.8 mm in females), B. omeimontis (56.0��� 59.5 mm in males and 68.0��� 72.5 mm in females), B. sangzhiensis (54.7 mm in a single male), and B. shuichengensis (102.0��� 118.3 mm in males and 99.8���115.6 mm in females). In having relatively shorter shanks with heels that do not meet when the flexed hind limbs are held at right angles to the body axis, Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from the following 35 congeners, i.e. B. angka, B. anlongensis, B. baishanzuensis, B. baolongensis, B. binchuanensis, B. binlingensis, B. boettgeri, B. congjiangensis, B. cheni, B. chishuiensis, B. daiyunensis, B. jiangi, B. jinggangensis, B. jiulianensis, B. leishanensis, B. lini, B. minor, B. mufumontana, B. nanlingensis, B. palpebralespinosa, B. qianbeiensis, B. sanmingensis, B. shimentaina, B. shunhuangensis, B. spinata, B. tongboensis, B. tuberogranulatus, B. wuliangshanensis, B. wushanensis, B. xiangnanensis, B. xianjuensis, B. yaoshanensis, B.yangmingensis, B. yingdeensis and B. yunkaiensis, all of which have relatively longer shanks with the heels meeting or overlapping. By the presence of vomerine teeth, Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. differs from B. acuta, B. brachykolos, B. caobangensis, B. daoji, B. huangshanensis, B. kuatunensis, B. lishuiensis, B. lushuiensis, B. obesa, B. ombrophila, and B. wugongensis, all of which lack vomerine teeth. By having a rounded margin of the tongue that is not notched distally, Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. differs from B. hoanglienensis, B. insularis, which have a notched tongue. By the absence of lateral fringes on toes, Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. differs from B. rubrimera, which has narrow lateral fringes on toes. By the presence of rudimentary webbing on toes, Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. differs from B. daweimontis, B. fansipanensis, B. frigida, and B. rubrimera, all of which lack webbing on toes. Boulenophrys fengshunensi sp. nov. further differs from the remaining B. dongguanensis and B. nankunensis by having raised tubercles on the surface of posterior abdomen (vs. absence of such tubercles in both B. dongguanensis B. nankunensis); the presence of tubercles bearing spines on their tips on the temporal region including the tympanum (vs. temporal region lacking tubercles or spines in both B. dongguanensis and B. nankunensis). Description of holotype. Adult male. Small body size, SVL 37.4 mm; head width slightly larger than head length, HWD/HDL 1.17; snout pointed in dorsal view, projecting, sloping backward to mouth in profile, protruding well beyond margin of lower jaw; top of head flat; eyes moderate in size, ED 0.37 of HDL, pupil vertical, near diamond-shaped; nostril oblique-ovoid; canthus rostralis well developed; loreal region slightly oblique; internasal distance slightly larger than interorbital distance; tympanum moderate in size with an obvious margin, TD/ED 0.65; large ovoid choanae at base of maxilla; vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth present, maxillary teeth present; margin of tongue rounded, not notched distally; presence of single subgular vocal sac, and pair of slit-like openings at posterior of jaw. Forearm (i.e., radioulna) length 0.21 of SVL and hand 0.25 of SVL; hand without webbing, fingers without lateral fringes, relative finger length I = II Coloration of holotype in life. Dorsal surface of body dark brown, with incomplete dark brown triangular marking between eyes. Two wide oblique black bands present on forearm. Dorsal surface of fingers and hindlimbs with dark grey transverse bands. Presence of vertical dark brown band below eye. Tip of tubercles on edge of upper eyelid greyish white. Supratympanic fold orangey brown. Ventral surface dark brown, black longitudinal band on surface of throat, posterior part of belly with irregular greyish white patches. Tubercles on ventral surface of posterior part of belly and thighs greyish white; spines on tips of tubercles on temporal region, ventral surface of thighs and around cloaca dark grey. Digits, inner and outer metacarpal tubercles, and inner metatarsal tubercle dark grey. Pectoral glands beige and femoral glands greyish white. Iris orangish brown. Coloration of holotype in preservative. Dorsal surface of body dark brown. Triangular marking between eyes, vertical dark brown band below eye and transverse bands on dorsal forearms and hind limbs become indistinct. Supratympanic fold greyish white. All bands and patterns on ventral surface no longer apparent. Irregular greyish white patches on posterior part of belly become dark grey. Variation. Mensural data of the type series are listed in Table 6. Most of the paratypes are similar to the holotype in morphology and color pattern, except for the following: dorsal surface and ventral surface dark brown, posterior part of belly with irregular greyish white patches, ventral surface of thighs dark grey, triangular marking between eyes is incomplete in the holotype (vs. dorsal surface beige and ventral surface light orange, posterior part of belly and ventral surface of thighs greyish white, triangular marking between eyes is complete in the female paratype SYS a005221 (Fig. 8); tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to middle of tympanum when hind limb stretched along body in the holotype (vs. tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to posterior margin of tympanum in the paratype SYS a004725; reaching forward to the region between tympanum and eye in the paratype SYS a004726). Females are distinctly larger than the males. Distribution and natural history. Currently, Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. is only known from its type locality, Mt. Tongguzhang of Fengshun. It inhabits flowing montane streams and the nearby forest floor and leaf litter at elevations between 800���1500 m. Boulenophrys fengshunensis sp. nov. is found to be sympatric with Pachytriton granulosus Chang, 1933 and Cynops glaucus Yuan, Jiang, Ding, Zhang & Che, 2013. Advertisement calls of males were heard during April and June. Males were found calling under the leaf litters around the flowing seeps. Tadpoles could be found in this period. Female specimens collected during August had immature eggs; males were not heard calling during this period, but sub-adults were observed., Published as part of Wang, Jian, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Qi, Shuo, Liu, Zu-Yao, Chen, Hong-Hui, Lu, Yu-Hong, Xiao, Hui-Wen, Lin, Can-Rong, Chen, Kai & Wang, Ying-Yong, 2022, Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae), pp. 91-119 in Zootaxa 5099 (1) on pages 110-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5099.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6036964, {"references":["Liu, Z. Y., Chen, G. L., Zhu, T. Q., Zeng, Z. C., Lyu, Z. T., Wang, J., Messenger, K., Greenberg, A. J., Guo, Z. X., Yang, Z. H., Shi, S. H. & Wang, Y. Y. (2018) Prevalence of cryptic species in morphologically uniform taxa - Fast speciation and evolutionary radiation in Asian frogs. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 127, 723 - 731. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2018.06.020","Chang, M. L. Y. (1933) On the salamanders of Chekiang. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China. Zoological Series, 9, 305 - 328.","Yuan, Z. Y., Jiang, K., Ding, L., Zhang, L. & Che, J. (2013) A new newt of the genus Cynops (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Guangdong, China. Asian Herpetological Research, 4 (2), 116 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.3724 / SP. J. 1245.2013.00116"]}

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Boulenophrys puningensis Wang & Zeng & Lyu & Qi & Liu & Chen & Lu & Xiao & Lin & Chen & Wang 2022, sp. nov

Author

Wang, Jian, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Qi, Shuo, Liu, Zu-Yao, Chen, Hong-Hui, Lu, Yu-Hong, Xiao, Hui-Wen, Lin, Can-Rong, Chen, Kai, and Wang, Ying-Yong

Subjects
Amphibia, Boulenophrys puningensis, Megophryidae, Animalia, Biodiversity, Boulenophrys, Anura, Chordata, Taxonomy
Abstract

Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. Wang, Zeng, Lyu, Xiao & Wang Puning Horned Toad (in English) / P�� N��ng Ji��o Ch��n (D���Dzdz in Chinese) Figures 3���4 Holotype. SYS a005770, adult male, collected by Jian Wang on 24April 2017 from Longkeng Village (23��7'54.07"N, 115��51'5.28"E; ca. 120 m a.s.l.), Daping Town, Puning, Jieyang, Guangdong, China. Paratypes (N=5). Adult male, SYS a006755/ CIB118526, collected by Jian Wang, Can-Rong Lin and Hui-Wen Xiao on 14 February 2018; adult males SYS a007649, 7650 and adult females SYS a007647, 7648, collected by Jian Wang, Can-Rong Lin and Hui-Wen Xiao on 18 March 2019, all from the same stream as the holotype at elevations between 250���300 m. Etymology. The specific epithet ��� puningensis ��� refers to the type locality of the new species in Puning. Three of the authors of this work (Jian Wang, Hui-Wen Xiao and Can-Rong Lin) chose this nomen in honor of their hometown. Diagnosis. (1) Small body size, SVL 31.7���34.6 mm (33.0 �� 1.3, N = 4) in adult males and SVL 37.8���38.3 mm (N = 2) in adult females; (2) snout rounded in dorsal view; (3) tympanum large, TD/ED 0.68���0.71; (4) tympanic region smooth without granules or tubercles; (5) vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth present; (6) margin of tongue rounded, not notched distally; (7) hindlimbs short, heels not meeting and tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to the region between tympanum and eye; (8) a subarticular tubercle present at the base of each fingers; (9) toes without lateral fringes and with rudiment of webbing; (10) distinct enlarged tubercles on the surface of limbs, flanks, chest, belly and around the cloaca; (11) tips of the enlarged tubercles on posterior abdomen, ventral thighs and around the cloaca bearing tiny spines; (12) single subgular vocal sac in males; (13) nuptial pads with villiform black nuptial spines on the dorsal surface of the first and second fingers in breeding males. Comparisons. Comparative data of Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. and the other recognized members of Boulenophrys are listed in Table 3. With a smaller body size, SVL 31.7���34.6 mm in adult males and SVL 37.8���38.3 mm in adult females, Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. differs from the eight congeners whose SVL ��� 50 mm in adult males or females, including B. caudoprocta (81.3 mm in a single male), B. jingdongensis (53.0��� 56.5 mm in males and 63.5 mm in a single female), B. liboensis (60.5���67.7 mm in males and 60.8���70.6 in females), B. mirabilis (55.8���61.4 mm in males and 68.5���74.8 mm in females), B. omeimontis (56.0��� 59.5 mm in males and 68.0��� 72.5 mm in females), B. sangzhiensis (54.7 mm in a single male), B. shuichengensis (102.0��� 118.3 mm in males and 99.8���115.6 mm in females), and B. spinata (54.0���55.0 mm in females). Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. shows the least genetic divergence from B. kuatunensis (mean p -distances 5.3 % in the 16S gene) and B. daiyunensis (mean p -distances 6.2 % in the 16S gene). However, the new species distinctively differs from these species by having relatively shorter shanks with the heels not meeting when the flexed hindlimbs are held at right angles to the body axis (vs. heels meeting or overlapping in B. daiyunensis); having rudiment of webbing and no lateral fringes on toes (vs. lateral fringes narrow in B. daiyunensis; webbing absent in B. kuatunensis); having raised and enlarged tubercles with spines on their tips on surface of posterior abdomen, ventral thighs and around the cloaca (vs. such tubercles not enlarged and without spines in B. daiyunensis; ventral surface smooth in B. kuatunensis). Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. is morphologically most similar to B. brachykolos, which is restricted to Hong Kong and Shenzhen, China (Liu et al. 2018). The new species differs from B. brachykolos by having vomerine teeth (vs. absent in B. brachykolos); lacking spines on the surface of the tympanic region (vs. having dense tiny spines on the surface of the tympanic region in B. brachykolos); and having different relative finger length formula (I = II Banophrys puningensis sp. nov. vs. II B. brachykolos). In having relatively shorter shanks with heels that do not meet when the flexed hind limbs are held at right angles to the body axis, Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from the following 32 congeners, i.e. B. angka, B. anlongensis, B. baishanzuensis, B. baolongensis, B. binchuanensis, B. binlingensis, B. boettgeri, B. congjiangensis, B. cheni, B. chishuiensis, B. jiangi, B. jinggangensis, B. jiulianensis, B. leishanensis, B. lini, B. minor, B. mufumontana, B. nanlingensis, B. palpebralespinosa, B. qianbeiensis, B. sanmingensis, B. shimentaina, B. shunhuangensis, B. tongboensis, B. wuliangshanensis, B. wushanensis, B. xiangnanensis, B. xianjuensis, B. yaoshanensis, B. yangmingensis, B. yingdeensis and B. yunkaiensis, all of which have relatively longer shanks with the heels meeting or overlapping. By the presence of vomerine teeth, Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. differs from B. acuta, B. caobangensis, B. daoji, B. huangshanensis, B. lishuiensis, B. lushuiensis, B. obesa, B. ombrophila, B. tuberogranulatus, and B. wugongensis, all of which lack vomerine teeth. By having a rounded tongue margin that is not notched distally, Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. differs from B. hoanglienensis, and B. insularis, all of which have notched tongues. By the absence of lateral fringes on toes, Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. differs from B. rubrimera, which has narrow lateral fringes on toes. By the presence of rudimentary webbing on the toes, Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. differs from B. daweimontis, B. fansipanensis, and B. frigida, all of which lack webbing on the toes. Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. further differs from the remaining B. dongguanensis and B. nankunensis by having raised tubercles bearing spines on the surface of the posterior abdomen, ventral thighs, and around the cloaca (vs. absence of such tubercles and spines in B. dongguanensis and B. nankunensis). Description of holotype. Adult male. Body size small, SVL 34.6 mm. Head width slightly larger than head length, HWD/HDL 1.03; snout rounded in dorsal view, projecting, sloping backward to mouth in profile, protruding well beyond margin of lower jaw; top of head flat; eyes moderate in size, ED 0.36 of HDL, pupil vertical, near diamond-shaped; nostril oblique-ovoid; canthus rostralis well developed; loreal region slightly oblique; internasal distance slightly larger than interorbital distance; tympanum large with an obvious margin, TD/ED 0.70; large ovoid choanae at base of maxilla; vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth present, maxillary teeth present; margin of tongue rounded, not notched distally; presence of single subgular vocal sac, and pair of slit-like openings at posterior of jaw. Forearm (i.e., radioulna) length 0.21 of SVL and hand 0.23 of SVL; hand without webbing, fingers without lateral fringes, relative finger length I = II Coloration of holotype in life. Dorsal surface of body yellowish brown, with incomplete dark brown triangular marking between eyes. Two wide oblique black bands present on forearm. Dorsal surface of fingers and hindlimbs with dark grey transverse bands. Presence of vertical dark brown band below eye. Tubercles on edge of upper eyelid beige. Supratympanic fold light brown. Ventral surface dark grey, with black longitudinal band on surface of throat; surface of throat and chest mottled with orange patches. Tubercles on ventral surface of chest, belly, and thighs greyish white; spines on tips of tubercles on surface of posterior abdomen; ventral surface of thighs and around cloaca dark grey. Digits, inner and outer metacarpal tubercles and inner metatarsal tubercle greyish white. Pectoral glands and femoral glands beige, mottled with orange patches. Iris yellowish brown, with greyish white patches on upper and lower margin. Coloration of holotype in preservative. Yellowish brown fades to greyish brown dorsally. Color of the triangular marking between eyes, oblique bands on forearms, patterns on ventral surface faded. Orange patches on surface of throat, chest; color of pectoral glands and femoral glands faded. Variation. Mensural data of the type series are listed in Table 4. Most of the paratypes are similar to the holotype in morphology and color pattern, except for the following: dorsal surface of body yellowish brown in the holotype (vs. dorsal surface of body light brown in the paratypes SYS a007647 (Fig. 4C) and SYS a007648 (Fig. 4E); ventral surface dark grey with orange patches (vs. ventral surface lacking bright patches in the paratypes SYS a007649 (Fig. 4B), SYS a007647 (Fig. 4D) and SYS a007648 (Fig. 4F); iris yellowish brown, with greyish white patches on its upper and lower margin in the holotype (vs. iris grey with beige and dark mottling in the paratype SYS a007649 (Fig. 4A); tubercles on posterior part of abdomen of the paratype SYS a007648 (Fig. 4F) are weakly developed. Females are distinctly larger than the males. Distribution and natural history. Currently, Boulenophrys puningensis sp. nov. is only known from its type locality, Longkeng Village of Puning. It inhabits flowing montane streams and the nearby forest floor and leaf litter at elevations between 120��� 300 m. Advertisement calls of males were heard from February until April. Males were found calling in rock crevices in the flowing streams. Tadpoles could be found in this period., Published as part of Wang, Jian, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Qi, Shuo, Liu, Zu-Yao, Chen, Hong-Hui, Lu, Yu-Hong, Xiao, Hui-Wen, Lin, Can-Rong, Chen, Kai & Wang, Ying-Yong, 2022, Description of three new Boulenophrys species from eastern Guangdong, China, emphasizing the urgency of ecological conservation in this region (Anura, Megophryidae), pp. 91-119 in Zootaxa 5099 (1) on pages 102-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5099.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6036964, {"references":["Liu, Z. Y., Chen, G. L., Zhu, T. Q., Zeng, Z. C., Lyu, Z. T., Wang, J., Messenger, K., Greenberg, A. J., Guo, Z. X., Yang, Z. H., Shi, S. H. & Wang, Y. Y. (2018) Prevalence of cryptic species in morphologically uniform taxa - Fast speciation and evolutionary radiation in Asian frogs. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 127, 723 - 731. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2018.06.020"]}

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Atympanophrys Tian & Hu 1983

Author

Qi, Shuo, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Wang, Jian, Mo, Yun-Ming, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Zeng, Yang-Jin, Dai, Ke-Yuan, Li, Yuan-Qiu, Grismer, L. Lee, and Wang, Ying-Yong

Subjects
Amphibia, Megophryidae, Atympanophrys, Animalia, Biodiversity, Anura, Chordata, Taxonomy
Abstract

III. Genus Atympanophrys Tian & Hu, 1983 Suggested common name: Hidden-tympanum horned toads (in English) / &Lmidot;HDzfl (in Chinese) Four species: Atympanophrys shapingensis (Liu, 1950) (type species); Atympanophrys gigantica (Liu, Hu & Yang, 1960); Atympanophrys nankiangensis (Liu & Hu, 1966); Atympanophrys wawuensis (Fei, Jiang & Zheng, 2001)., Published as part of Qi, Shuo, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Wang, Jian, Mo, Yun-Ming, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Zeng, Yang-Jin, Dai, Ke-Yuan, Li, Yuan-Qiu, Grismer, L. Lee & Wang, Ying-Yong, 2021, Three new species of the genus Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from southern China, pp. 401-438 in Zootaxa 5072 (5) on page 430, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5072.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5748979

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Boulenophrys minor

Author

Qi, Shuo, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Wang, Jian, Mo, Yun-Ming, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Zeng, Yang-Jin, Dai, Ke-Yuan, Li, Yuan-Qiu, Grismer, L. Lee, and Wang, Ying-Yong

Subjects
Amphibia, Boulenophrys minor, Megophryidae, Animalia, Biodiversity, Boulenophrys, Anura, Chordata, Taxonomy
Abstract

2) Boulenophrys minor group Three species: Boulenophrys minor (Stejneger, 1926); Boulenophrys chishuiensis (Xu, Li, Liu, Wei & Wang, 2020) comb. nov.; Boulenophrys jiangi (Liu, Li, Wei, Xu, Cheng, Wang & Wu, 2020) comb. nov.., Published as part of Qi, Shuo, Lyu, Zhi-Tong, Wang, Jian, Mo, Yun-Ming, Zeng, Zhao-Chi, Zeng, Yang-Jin, Dai, Ke-Yuan, Li, Yuan-Qiu, Grismer, L. Lee & Wang, Ying-Yong, 2021, Three new species of the genus Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from southern China, pp. 401-438 in Zootaxa 5072 (5) on page 431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5072.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5748979

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results