Author: "Petrovic, Katja E." / Search Limiters: Full Text - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Petrovic, Katja E."' showing total 13 results

Start Over Author "Petrovic, Katja E." Search Limiters Full Text

13 results on '"Petrovic, Katja E."'

1. Genetic variants associated with subjective well-being, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism identified through genome-wide analyses

Author: Okbay, Aysu, Baselmans, Bart ML, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Turley, Patrick, Nivard, Michel G, Fontana, Mark Alan, Meddens, S Fleur W, Linnér, Richard Karlsson, Rietveld, Cornelius A, Derringer, Jaime, Gratten, Jacob, Lee, James J, Liu, Jimmy Z, de Vlaming, Ronald, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S, Buchwald, Jadwiga, Cavadino, Alana, Frazier-Wood, Alexis C, Furlotte, Nicholas A, Garfield, Victoria, Geisel, Marie Henrike, Gonzalez, Juan R, Haitjema, Saskia, Karlsson, Robert, van der Laan, Sander W, Ladwig, Karl-Heinz, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J, Lind, Penelope A, Liu, Tian, Matteson, Lindsay, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B, Minica, Camelia C, Nolte, Ilja M, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis, van der Most, Peter J, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rawal, Rajesh, Realo, Anu, Rueedi, Rico, Schmidt, Börge, Smith, Albert V, Stergiakouli, Evie, Tanaka, Toshiko, Taylor, Kent, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Wedenoja, Juho, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Willems, Sara M, Zhao, Wei, Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Bergmann, Sven, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Boyle, Patricia A, Cherney, Samantha, Cox, Simon R, Davies, Gail, Davis, Oliver SP, Ding, Jun, Direk, Nese, Eibich, Peter, Emeny, Rebecca T, Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Faul, Jessica D, Ferrucci, Luigi, Forstner, Andreas J, Gieger, Christian, Gupta, Richa, Harris, Tamara B, Harris, Juliette M, Holliday, Elizabeth G, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, De Jager, Philip L, Kaakinen, Marika A, Kajantie, Eero, Karhunen, Ville, Kolcic, Ivana, Kumari, Meena, Launer, Lenore J, Franke, Lude, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Liewald, David C, Koini, Marisa, Loukola, Anu, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Montgomery, Grant W, Mosing, Miriam A, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pattie, Alison, Petrovic, Katja E, Pulkki-Råback, Laura, Quaye, Lydia, Räikkönen, Katri, Rudan, Igor, and Scott, Rodney J
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Genetics, Mental Health, Human Genome, Depression, Anxiety Disorders, Bayes Theorem, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Neuroticism, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, LifeLines Cohort Study, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract: Very few genetic variants have been associated with depression and neuroticism, likely because of limitations on sample size in previous studies. Subjective well-being, a phenotype that is genetically correlated with both of these traits, has not yet been studied with genome-wide data. We conducted genome-wide association studies of three phenotypes: subjective well-being (n = 298,420), depressive symptoms (n = 161,460), and neuroticism (n = 170,911). We identify 3 variants associated with subjective well-being, 2 variants associated with depressive symptoms, and 11 variants associated with neuroticism, including 2 inversion polymorphisms. The two loci associated with depressive symptoms replicate in an independent depression sample. Joint analyses that exploit the high genetic correlations between the phenotypes (|ρ^| ≈ 0.8) strengthen the overall credibility of the findings and allow us to identify additional variants. Across our phenotypes, loci regulating expression in central nervous system and adrenal or pancreas tissues are strongly enriched for association.
Published: 2016

2. Polygenic prediction of educational attainment within and between families from genome-wide association analyses in 3 million individuals

Author: Okbay, Aysu, Wu, Yeda, Wang, Nancy, Jayashankar, Hariharan, Bennett, Michael, Nehzati, Seyed Moeen, Sidorenko, Julia, Kweon, Hyeokmoon, Goldman, Grant, Gjorgjieva, Tamara, Jiang, Yunxuan, Hicks, Barry, Tian, Chao, Hinds, David A., Ahlskog, Rafael, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Oskarsson, Sven, Hayward, Caroline, Campbell, Archie, Porteous, David J., Freese, Jeremy, Herd, Pamela, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Auton, Adam, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Fontanillas, Pierre, Furlotte, Nicholas A., Huber, Karen E., Kleinman, Aaron, Litterman, Nadia K., McCreight, Jennifer C., McIntyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah, Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tung, Joyce Y., Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Fontana, Mark Alan, Pers, Tune H., Rietveld, Cornelius A., Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, de Vlaming, Ronald, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jonas, Baumbach, Clemens, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, Maria Pina, Derringer, Jaime, Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J., de Leeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., van der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Pervjakova, Natalia, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., Pourcain, Beate St, Teumer, Alexander, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klaus, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Panos, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eibich, Peter, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Kutalik, Zoltan, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Maël P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Mägi, Reedik, Mäki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meddens, Gerardus A., McMahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Räikkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, van Rooij, Frank J. A., Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johannes, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bertram, Lars, Bisgaard, Hans, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borecki, Ingrid B., Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Franke, Lude, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lehrer, Steven F., Martin, Nicholas G., McGue, Matt, Metspalu, Andres, Pendleton, Neil, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Markus, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Uitterlinden, André G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Smith, George Davey, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Yang, Jian, Esko, Tõnu, Watson, Chelsea, Jala, Jonathan, Conley, Dalton, Koellinger, Philipp D., Johannesson, Magnus, Laibson, David, Meyer, Michelle N., Lee, James J., Kong, Augustine, Yengo, Loic, Cesarini, David, Turley, Patrick, Visscher, Peter M., Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Benjamin, Daniel J., Young, Alexander I., Economics, Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, 23andMe Research Team [Member of the MPIB: Tian Liu], Social Science Genetic Association Consortium, Okbay, Aysu, Wu, Yeda, Wang, Nancy, Jayashankar, Hariharan, Bennett, Michael, Moeen Nehzati, Seyed, Sidorenko, Julia, Kweon, Hyeokmoon, Goldman, Grant, Gjorgjieva, Tamara, Jiang, Yunxuan, Hicks, Barry, Tian, Chao, Hinds, David A., Ahlskog, Rafael, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Oskarsson, Sven, Hayward, Caroline, Campbell, Archie, Porteous, David J., Freese, Jeremy, Herd, Pamela, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Auton, Adam, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Fontanillas, Pierre, Furlotte, Nicholas A., Huber, Karen E., Kleinman, Aaron, Litterman, Nadia K., Mccreight, Jennifer C., Mcintyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Fah Sathirapongsasuti, J., Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tung, Joyce Y., Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Alan Fontana, Mark, Pers, Tune H., Rietveld, Cornelius A., Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, de Vlaming, Ronald, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jona, Baumbach, Clemen, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, MARIA PINA, Derringer, Jaime, Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J., de Leeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., van der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Pervjakova, Natalia, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, B??rge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., St Pourcain, Beate, Teumer, Alexander, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, B??nnelykke, Klau, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Pano, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eibich, Peter, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halld??rsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., K??h??nen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-J??rvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Kutalik, Zoltan, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Ma??l P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., M??gi, Reedik, M??ki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meddens, Gerardus A., Mcmahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thoma, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., R??ikk??nen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, van Rooij, Frank J. A., Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., V??lker, Uwe, V??lzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johanne, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klau, Bertram, Lar, Bisgaard, Han, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borecki, Ingrid B., B??ltmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Franke, Lude, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-J??rgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hypp??nen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, J??rvelin, Marjo-Riitta, J??ckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehtim??ki, Terho, Lehrer, Steven F., Martin, Nicholas G., Mcgue, Matt, Metspalu, Andre, Pendleton, Neil, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Marku, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, S??rensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Roy Thurik, A., Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Uitterlinden, Andr?? G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Davey Smith, George, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Yang, Jian, Esko, T??nu, Watson, Chelsea, Jala, Jonathan, Conley, Dalton, Koellinger, Philipp D., Johannesson, Magnu, Laibson, David, Meyer, Michelle N., Lee, James J., Kong, Augustine, Yengo, Loic, Cesarini, David, Turley, Patrick, Visscher, Peter M., Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Benjamin, Daniel J., Young, Alexander I., VU University medical center, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, APH - Mental Health, APH - Digital Health, Schmidt, Börge (Beitragende*r), Eisele, Lewin (Beitragende*r), Jöckel, Karl-Heinz (Beitragende*r), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Public Health Research (PHR), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Adult Psychiatry, Applied Economics, Epidemiology, Cell biology, Econometrics, Erasmus School of Economics, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Internal Medicine, Department of Public Health, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Doctoral Programme in Human Behaviour, Doctoral Programme in Cognition, Learning, Instruction and Communication, Department of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Doctoral Programme Brain & Mind, Doctoral Programme in Population Health, HUSLAB, Research Programs Unit, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Doctoral Programme in Integrative Life Science, Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Doctoral Programme in Oral Sciences, Clinicum, and Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine
Subjects: Multifactorial Inheritance, Medizin, HUMAN COMPLEX TRAITS, COHORT PROFILE, BIOBANK, GENETICS, MODELS, HEALTH, LOCI, GWAS, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, genome-wide-significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, educational attainment, Genetics, Humans, 3111 Biomedicine, ddc:610, Medical Genetics, Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics, Medicinsk genetik, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: We conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of educational attainment (EA) in a sample of similar to 3 million individuals and identify 3,952 approximately uncorrelated genome-wide-significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A genome-wide polygenic predictor, or polygenic index (PGI), explains 12-16% of EA variance and contributes to risk prediction for ten diseases. Direct effects (i.e., controlling for parental PGIs) explain roughly half the PGI's magnitude of association with EA and other phenotypes. The correlation between mate-pair PGIs is far too large to be consistent with phenotypic assortment alone, implying additional assortment on PGI-associated factors. In an additional GWAS of dominance deviations from the additive model, we identify no genome-wide-significant SNPs, and a separate X-chromosome additive GWAS identifies 57. Karl-Oskar Lindgren ingår i gruppen Social Science Genetic Association Consortium
Published: 2022

3. Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment

Author: Okbay, Aysu, Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Fontana, Mark Alan, Lee, James J., Pers, Tune H., Rietveld, Cornelius A., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, de Vlaming, Ronald, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jonas, Baumbach, Clemens, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Pina Concas, Maria, Derringer, Jaime, Furlotte, Nicholas A., Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, Lee, Sven J. van der, deLeeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., van der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Pervjakova, Natalia, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., St Pourcain, Beate, Teumer, Alexander, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klaus, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Panos, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eibich, Peter, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Kutalik, Zoltan, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Maël P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Cohort Study, LifeLines, Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Mägi, Reedik, Mäki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meddens, Gerardus A., McMahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Räikkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, van Rooij, Frank J. A., Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johannes, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bertram, Lars, Bisgaard, Hans, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borecki, Ingrid B., Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Franke, Lude, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Hinds, David A., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., McGue, Matt, Metspalu, Andres, Pendleton, Neil, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Markus, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Tung, Joyce Y., Uitterlinden, André G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Davey Smith, George, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer, Michelle N., Yang, Jian, Johannesson, Magnus, Visscher, Peter M., Esko, Tõnu, Koellinger, Philipp D., Cesarini, David, and Benjamin, Daniel J.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences

Author: Karlsson Linnér, Richard, Biroli, Pietro, Kong, Edward, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Wedow, Robbee, Fontana, Mark Alan, Lebreton, Maël, Tino, Stephen P., Abdellaoui, Abdel, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Nivard, Michel G., Okbay, Aysu, Rietveld, Cornelius A., Timshel, Pascal N., Trzaskowski, Maciej, Vlaming, Ronald de, Zünd, Christian L., Bao, Yanchun, Buzdugan, Laura, Caplin, Ann H., Chen, Chia-Yen, Eibich, Peter, Fontanillas, Pierre, Gonzalez, Juan R., Joshi, Peter K., Karhunen, Ville, Kleinman, Aaron, Levin, Remy Z., Lill, Christina M., Meddens, Gerardus A., Muntané, Gerard, Sanchez-Roige, Sandra, Rooij, Frank J. van, Taskesen, Erdogan, Yang, Wu, Zhang, Futao, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Furlotte, Nicholas A., Huber, Karen E., Litterman, Nadia K., Mccreight, Jennifer C., Mcintyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah, Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tian, Chao, Tung, Joyce Y., Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Agbessi, Mawussé, Ahsan, Habibul, Alves, Isabel, Andiappan, Anand, Awadalla, Philip, Battle, Alexis, Beutner, Frank, Jan Bonder, Marc, Boomsma, Dorret I., Christiansen, Mark, Claringbould, Annique, Deelen, Patrick, Esko, Tõnu, Favé, Marie-Julie, Franke, Lude, Frayling, Timothy, Gharib, Sina A., Gibson, Gregory, Heijmans, Bastiaan, Hemani, Gibran, Jansen, Rick, Kähönen, Mika, Kalnapenkis, Anette, Kasela, Silva, Kettunen, Johannes, Kim, Yungil, Kirsten, Holger, Kovacs, Peter, Krohn, Knut, Kronberg-Guzman, Jaanika, Kukushkina, Viktorija, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lee, Bernett, Lehtimäki, Terho, Loeffler, Markus, Marigorta, Urko M., Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nauck, Matthias, Penninx, Brenda, Perola, Markus, Pervjakova, Natalia, Pierce, Brandon, Powell, Joseph, Prokisch, Holger, Psaty, Bruce M., Raitakari, Olli, Ring, Susan, Ripatti, Samuli, Rotzchke, Olaf, Rüeger, Sina, Saha, Ashis, Scholz, Markus, Schramm, Katharina, Seppälä, Ilkka, Stumvoll, Michael, Sullivan, Patrick, Hoen, Peter-Bram t, Teumer, Alexander, Thiery, Joachim, Tong, Lin, Tönjes, Anke, Dongen, Jenny van, Meurs, Joyce van, Verlouw, Joost, Visscher, Peter M., Völker, Uwe, Võsa, Urmo, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yang, Jian, Zeng, Biao, Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Lee, James J., Pers, Tune H., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, de Vlaming, Ronald, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jonas, Baumbach, Clemens, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, Maria Pina, Derringer, Jaime, Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, Lee, Sven J. van der, de Leeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., Most, Peter J. van der, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., Pourcain, Beate St, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klaus, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Panos, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Maël P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Mägi, Reedik, Mäki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mcmahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Räikkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johannes, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bertram, Lars, Bisgaard, Hans, Borecki, Ingrid B, Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., Duijn, Cornelia M. van, Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Harst, Pim van der, Hayward, Caroline, Hinds, David A., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., Mcgue, Matt, Pendleton, Neil, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Uitterlinden, André G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Smith, George Davey, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer, Michelle N., Johannesson, Magnus, Koellinger, Philipp D., Cesarini, David, Benjamin, Daniel J., Auton, Adam, Boardman, Jason D., Clark, David W., Conlin, Andrew, Dolan, Conor C., Fischbacher, Urs, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Hasler, Gregor, Ikram, Mohammad A., Jain, Sonia, Kessler, Ronald C., Kooyman, Maarten, Mackillop, James, Männikkö, Minna, Morcillo-Suarez, Carlos, Mcqueen, Matthew B., Schmidt, Klaus M., Smart, Melissa C., Sutter, Matthias, White, Jon, Wit, Harriet de, Fehr, Ernst, Kumari, Meena, Laibson, David, Navarro, Arcadi, Palmer, Abraham A., Schunk, Daniel, Stein, Murray B., Svento, Rauli, Timmers, Paul R. H. J., Ursano, Robert J., Wagner, Gert G., Adult Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Human genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), APH - Digital Health, 23and Me Research Team, eQTLgen Consortium, International Cannabis Consortium, Economics, Biological Psychology, Complex Trait Genetics, APH - Methodology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Personalized Medicine, Tinbergen Institute, 23andme Research Team, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Social Science Genetic Association Consortium, Linner Richard Karlsson, Biroli P, Kong Edward, Meddens Fleur W., Wedow Robbee, Fontana Mark Alan, Lebreton Mael, Tino Stephen P., Abdellaoui Abdel, Hammerschlag Anke R., Nivard Michel G., Okbay Aysu, Rietveld Cornelius A., Timshel Pascal N., Trzaskowski Maciej, de Vlaming Ronald, Zund Christian L., Bao Yanchun, Buzdugan Laura, Caplin Ann H., Chen Chia-Yen, Eibich Peter, Fontanillas Pierre, Gonzalez Juan R., Joshi Peter K., Karhunen Ville, Kleinman Aaron, Levin Remy Z., Lill Christina M., Meddens Gerardus A., Muntane Gerard, Sanchez-Roige Sandra, van Rooij Frank J., Taskesen Erdogan, Wu Yang, Zhang Futao, Agee Michelle, Alipanahi Babak, Bell Robert K., Bryc Katarzyna, Elson Sarah L., Furlotte Nicholas A., Huber Karen E., Litterman Nadia K., McCreight Jennifer C., McIntyre Matthew H., Mountain Joanna L., Northover Carrie A. M., Pitts Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti J. Fah, Sazonova Olga V., Shelton Janie F., Shringarpure Suyash, Tian Chao, Tung Joyce Y., Vacic Vladimir, Wilson Catherine H., Agbessi Mawusse, Ahsan Habibul, Alves Isabel, Andiappan Anand, Awadalla Philip, Battle Alexi, Beutner Frank, Bonder Marc Jan, Boomsma Dorret I., Christiansen Mark, Claringbould Annique, Deelen Patrick, Esko Tonu, Fave Marie-Julie, Franke Lude, Frayling Timothy, Gharib Sina A., Gibson Gregory, Heijmans Bastiaan, Hemani Gibran, Jansen Rick, Kahonen Mika, Kalnapenkis Anette, Kasela Silva, Kettunen Johanne, Kim Yungil, Kirsten Holger, Kovacs Peter, Krohn Knut, Kronberg-Guzman Jaanika, Kukushkina Viktorija, Kutalik Zoltan, Lee Bernett, Lehtimaki Terho, Loeffler Marku, Marigorta Urko M., Metspalu Andre, Milani Lili, Montgomery Grant W., Mueller-Nurasyid Martina, Nauck Matthia, Penninx Brenda, Perola Marku, Pervjakova Natalia, Pierce Brandon, Powell Joseph, Prokisch Holger, Psaty Bruce M., Raitakari Olli, Ring Susan, Ripatti Samuli, Rotzchke Olaf, Rueger Sina, Saha Ashi, Scholz Marku, Schramm Katharina, Seppala Ilkka, Stumvoll Michael, Sullivan Patrick, Hoen Peter-Bramt, Teumer Alexander, Thiery Joachim, Tong Lin, Tonjes Anke, van Dongen Jenny, van Meurs Joyce, Verlouw Joost, Visscher Peter M., Voelker Uwe, Vosa Urmo, Westra Harm-Jan, Yaghootkar Hanieh, Yang Jian, Zeng Biao, Lee James J., Pers Tune H., Turley Patrick, Chen Guo-Bo, Emilsson Valur, Oskarsson Sven, Pickrell Joseph K., Thom Kevin, Timshel Pascal, Ahluwalia Tarunveer S., Bacelis Jona, Baumbach Clemen, Bjornsdottir Gyda, Brandsma Johannes H., Concas Maria Pina, Derringer Jaime, Galesloot Tessel E., Girotto Giorgia, Gupta Richa, Hall Leanne M., Harris Sarah E., Hofer Edith, Horikoshi Momoko, Huffman Jennifer E., Kaasik Kadri, Kalafati Ioanna P., Kong Augustine, Lahti Jari, van der Lee Sven J., de Leeuw Christiaan, Lind Penelope A., Lindgren Karl-Oskar, Liu Tian, Mangino Massimo, Marten Jonathan, Mihailov Evelin, Miller Michael B., van der Most Peter J., Oldmeadow Christopher, Payton Antony, Peyrot Wouter J., Qian Yong, Rueedi Rico, Salvi Erika, Schmidt Boerge, Schraut Katharina E., Shi Jianxin, Smith Albert V., Poot Raymond A., St Pourcain Beate, Thorleifsson Gudmar, Verweij Niek, Vuckovic Dragana, Wellmann Juergen, Yang Jingyun, Zhao Wei, Zhu Zhihong, Alizadeh Behrooz Z., Amin Najaf, Bakshi Andrew, Baumeister Sebastian E., Biino Ginevra, Bonnelykke Klau, Boyle Patricia A., Campbell Harry, Cappuccio Francesco P., Davies Gail, De Neve Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas Pano, Demuth Ilja, Ding Jun, Eisele Lewin, Eklund Niina, Evans David M., Faul Jessica D., Feitosa Mary F., Forstner Andreas J., Gandin Ilaria, Gunnarsson Bjarni, Halldorsson Bjarni V., Harris Tamara B., Heath Andrew C., Hocking Lynne J., Holliday Elizabeth G., Homuth Georg, Horan Michael A., Hottenga Jouke-Jan, de Jager Philip L., Jugessur Astanand, Kaakinen Marika A., Kanoni Stavroula, Keltigangas-Jarvinen Liisa, Kiemeney Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic Ivana, Koskinen Seppo, Kraja Aldi T., Kroh Martin, Latvala Antti, Launer Lenore J., Lebreton Mael P., Levinson Douglas F., Lichtenstein Paul, Lichtner Peter, Liewald David C. M., Loukola Anu, Madden Pamela A., Magi Reedik, Maki-Opas Tomi, Marioni Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal Pedro, McMahon George, Meisinger Christa, Meitinger Thoma, Milaneschi Yusplitri, Myhre Ronny, Nelson Christopher P., Nyholt Dale R., Ollier William E. R., Palotie Aarno, Paternoster Lavinia, Pedersen Nancy L., Petrovic Katja E., Porteous David J., Raikkonen Katri, Ring Susan M., Robino Antonietta, Rostapshova Olga, Rudan Igor, Rustichini Aldo, Salomaa Veikko, Sanders Alan R., Sarin Antti-Pekka, Schmidt Helena, Scott Rodney J., Smith Blair H., Smith Jennifer A., Staessen Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth, Strauch Konstantin, Terracciano Antonio, Tobin Martin D., Ulivi Sheila, Vaccargiu Simona, Quaye Lydia, Venturini Cristina, Vinkhuyzen Anna A. E., Voelzke Henry, Vonk Judith M., Vozzi Diego, Waage Johanne, Ware Erin B., Willemsen Gonneke, Attia John R., Bennett David A., Berger Klau, Bertram Lar, Bisgaard Han, Borecki Ingrid B., Bultmann Ute, Chabris Christopher F., Cucca Francesco, Cusi Daniele, Deary J., Dedoussis George V., van Duijn Cornelia M., Eriksson Johan G., Franke Barbara, Gasparini Paolo, Gejman Pablo V., Gieger Christian, Grabe Hans-Joergen, Gratten Jacob, Gudnason Vilmundur, van der Harst Pim, Hayward Caroline, Hinds David A., Hoffmann Wolfgang, Hypponen Elina, Iacono William G., Jacobsson Bo, Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta, Jockel Karl-Heinz, Kaprio Jaakko, Kardia Sharon L. R., Lehrer Steven F., Magnusson Patrik K. E., Martin Nicholas G., McGue Matt, Pendleton Neil, Pirastu Nicola, Pirastu Mario, Polasek Ozren, Posthuma Danielle, Power Christine, Province Michael A., Samani Nilesh J., Schlessinger David, Schmidt Reinhold, Sorensen Thorkild I. A., Spector Tim D., Stefansson Kari, Thorsteinsdottir Unnur, Thurik A. Roy, Timpson Nicholas J., Tiemeier Henning, Uitterlinden Andre G., Vitart Veronique, Vollenweider Peter, Weir David R., Wilson James F., Wright Alan F., Conley Dalton C., Krueger Robert F., Smith George Davey, Laibson David I., Medland Sarah E., Johannesson Magnu, Koellinger Philipp D., Cesarini David, Benjamin Daniel J., Auton Adam, Boardman Jason D., Clark David W., Conlin Andrew, Dolan Conor C., Fischbacher Ur, Groenen Patrick J. F., Harris Kathleen Mullan, Hasler Gregor, Hofman Albert, Ikram Mohammad A., Jain Sonia, Karlsson Robert, Kessler Ronald C., Kooyman Maarten, MacKillop Jame, Mannikko Minna, Morcillo-Suarez Carlo, McQueen Matthew B., Schmidt Klaus M., Smart Melissa C., Sutter Matthia, White Jon, de Wit Harriet, Fehr Ernst, Kumari Meena, Laibson David, Meyer Michelle N., Navarro Arcadi, Palmer Abraham A., Schunk Daniel, Stein Murray B., Svento Rauli, Timmers Paul R. H. J., Ursano Robert J., Wagner Gert G., Beauchamp Jonathan P., Karlsson Linnér, Richard, Biroli, Pietro, Kong, Edward, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Wedow, Robbee, Fontana, Mark Alan, Lebreton, Maël, Tino, Stephen P., Abdellaoui, Abdel, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Nivard, Michel G., Okbay, Aysu, Rietveld, Cornelius A., Timshel, Pascal N., Trzaskowski, Maciej, Vlaming, Ronald de, Zünd, Christian L., Bao, Yanchun, Buzdugan, Laura, Caplin, Ann H., Chen, Chia-Yen, Eibich, Peter, Fontanillas, Pierre, Gonzalez, Juan R., Joshi, Peter K., Karhunen, Ville, Kleinman, Aaron, Levin, Remy Z., Lill, Christina M., Meddens, Gerardus A., Muntané, Gerard, Sanchez-Roige, Sandra, Rooij, Frank J. van, Taskesen, Erdogan, Wu, Yang, Zhang, Futao, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Furlotte, Nicholas A., Huber, Karen E., Litterman, Nadia K., Mccreight, Jennifer C., Mcintyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah, Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tian, Chao, Tung, Joyce Y., Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Agbessi, Mawussé, Ahsan, Habibul, Alves, Isabel, Andiappan, Anand, Awadalla, Philip, Battle, Alexi, Beutner, Frank, Jan Bonder, Marc, Boomsma, Dorret I., Christiansen, Mark, Claringbould, Annique, Deelen, Patrick, Esko, Tõnu, Favé, Marie-Julie, Franke, Lude, Frayling, Timothy, Gharib, Sina A., Gibson, Gregory, Heijmans, Bastiaan, Hemani, Gibran, Jansen, Rick, Kähönen, Mika, Kalnapenkis, Anette, Kasela, Silva, Kettunen, Johanne, Kim, Yungil, Kirsten, Holger, Kovacs, Peter, Krohn, Knut, Kronberg-Guzman, Jaanika, Kukushkina, Viktorija, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lee, Bernett, Lehtimäki, Terho, Loeffler, Marku, Marigorta, Urko M., Metspalu, Andre, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nauck, Matthia, Penninx, Brenda, Perola, Marku, Pervjakova, Natalia, Pierce, Brandon, Powell, Joseph, Prokisch, Holger, Psaty, Bruce M., Raitakari, Olli, Ring, Susan, Ripatti, Samuli, Rotzchke, Olaf, Rüeger, Sina, Saha, Ashi, Scholz, Marku, Schramm, Katharina, Seppälä, Ilkka, Stumvoll, Michael, Sullivan, Patrick, Hoen, Peter-Bram t, Teumer, Alexander, Thiery, Joachim, Tong, Lin, Tönjes, Anke, Dongen, Jenny van, Meurs, Joyce van, Verlouw, Joost, Visscher, Peter M., Völker, Uwe, Võsa, Urmo, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yang, Jian, Zeng, Biao, Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Lee, James J., Pers, Tune H., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, de Vlaming, Ronald, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jona, Baumbach, Clemen, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, Maria Pina, Derringer, Jaime, Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, Lee, Sven J. van der, de Leeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., Most, Peter J. van der, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., Pourcain, Beate St, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klau, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Pano, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Maël P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Mägi, Reedik, Mäki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mcmahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thoma, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Räikkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johanne, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klau, Bertram, Lar, Bisgaard, Han, Borecki, Ingrid B, Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., Duijn, Cornelia M. van, Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Harst, Pim van der, Hayward, Caroline, Hinds, David A., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., Mcgue, Matt, Pendleton, Neil, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Uitterlinden, André G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Smith, George Davey, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer, Michelle N., Johannesson, Magnu, Koellinger, Philipp D., Cesarini, David, Benjamin, Daniel J., Auton, Adam, Boardman, Jason D., Clark, David W., Conlin, Andrew, Dolan, Conor C., Fischbacher, Ur, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Hasler, Gregor, Ikram, Mohammad A., Jain, Sonia, Kessler, Ronald C., Kooyman, Maarten, Mackillop, Jame, Männikkö, Minna, Morcillo-Suarez, Carlo, Mcqueen, Matthew B., Schmidt, Klaus M., Smart, Melissa C., Sutter, Matthia, White, Jon, Wit, Harriet de, Fehr, Ernst, Kumari, Meena, Laibson, David, Navarro, Arcadi, Palmer, Abraham A., Schunk, Daniel, Stein, Murray B., Svento, Rauli, Timmers, Paul R. H. J., Ursano, Robert J., Wagner, Gert G., Applied Economics, Hematology, Epidemiology, Urology, Department of Marketing Management, Internal Medicine, Medical Informatics, Cell biology, Erasmus MC other, Molecular Genetics, Econometrics, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Epidemiologie, RS: CARIM - R3.02 - Hypertension and target organ damage, RS: Carim - V02 Hypertension and target organ damage, Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Public Health Research (PHR), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Linnér, Richard Karlsson, Biroli , Pietro, Meddens, S Fleur W, and Beauchamp, Jonathan P
Subjects: Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Male, LD, Medizin, Poison control, Genome-wide association study, DETERMINANTS, Cathie Marsh Institute, PREFERENCES, Q1, Genome-wide association studies, HV, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics, Behavioral/methods, GWAS, Genetics & Heredity, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, PERSONALITY, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, Behavior/physiology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, 3. Good health, Manchester Institute for Collaborative Research on Ageing, Meta-analysis, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Genetic Loci/genetics, Behavioural genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study/methods, Medical genetics, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Single Nucleotide/genetics, medicine.medical_specialty, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/MICRA, Genotype, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genetics, Behavioral, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, ddc:330, medicine, GENDER-DIFFERENCES, SNP, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, behavioural genetics, Behavioral/methods, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, Behavior, Science & Technology, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Data Science, Case-control study, risk tolerance, GWAS, genetic architechture, Genetic Loci, Case-Control Studies, genome-wide association studies, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/cathie_marsh_institute, Nanomedicine Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 19], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Humans vary substantially in their willingness to take risks. In a combined sample of over 1 million individuals, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of general risk tolerance, adventurousness, and risky behaviors in the driving, drinking, smoking, and sexual domains. Across all GWAS, we identified hundreds of associated loci, including 99 loci associated with general risk tolerance. We report evidence of substantial shared genetic influences across risk tolerance and the risky behaviors: 46 of the 99 general risk tolerance loci contain a lead SNP for at least one of our other GWAS, and general risk tolerance is genetically correlated ([Formula: see text] ~ 0.25 to 0.50) with a range of risky behaviors. Bioinformatics analyses imply that genes near SNPs associated with general risk tolerance are highly expressed in brain tissues and point to a role for glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. We found no evidence of enrichment for genes previously hypothesized to relate to risk tolerance. This research was carried out under the auspices of the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium. The research was also conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under application number 11425. The study was supported by funding from the Ragnar Söderberg Foundation (E9/11 and E42/15); the Swedish Research Council (421-2013-1061); the Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation; an ERC Consolidator Grant to Philipp Koellinger (647648 EdGe); the Pershing Square Fund of the Foundations of Human Behavior; the Open Philanthropy Project; the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health through grants P01-AG005842, P01-AG005842-20S2, P30-AG012810, and T32-AG000186-23 to the National Bureau of Economic Research and R01-AG042568-02 to the University of Southern California; the government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute (OGI-152); and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. We thank the International Cannabis Consortium, the eQTLgen Consortium, and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium for sharing summary statistics from the GWAS of lifetime cannabis use, eQTL summary statistics, and summary statistics from the GWAS of ADHD, respectively. A full list of acknowledgments is provided in the Supplementary Note.
Published: 2019

5. Gene discovery and polygenic prediction from a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in 1.1 million individuals

Author: Lee, James J., Wedow, Robbee, Okbay, Aysu, Kong, Edward, Maghzian, Omeed, Zacher, Meghan, Nguyen-Viet, Tuan Anh, Bowers, Peter, Sidorenko, Julia, Karlsson Linnér, Richard, Fontana, Mark Alan, Kundu, Tushar, Lee, Chanwook, Hui, Li, Ruoxi, Li, Royer, Rebecca, Timshel, Pascal N., Walters, Raymond K., Willoughby, Emily A., Yengo, Loïc, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Auton, Adam, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Fontanillas, Pierre, Hinds, David A., Mccreight, Jennifer C., Huber, Karen E., Litterman, Nadia K., Mcintyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Noblin, Elizabeth S., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah, Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tian, Chao, Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Pers, Tune H., Rietveld, Cornelius A., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, Vlaming, Ronald de, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jonas, Baumbach, Clemens, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, Maria Pina, Derringer, Jaime, Furlotte, Nicholas A., Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J., Leeuw, Christiaan de, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., van der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Pervjakova, Natalia, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., St Pourcain, Beate, Teumer, Alexander, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klaus, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Panos, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eibich, Peter, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Kutalik, Zoltan, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Maël P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, LifeLines Cohort Study, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Mägi, Reedik, Mäki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meddens, Gerardus A., Mcmahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Räikkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, van Rooij, Frank J. A., Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johannes, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bertram, Lars, Bisgaard, Hans, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borecki, Ingrid B., Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Franke, Lude, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., Mcgue, Matt, Metspalu, Andres, Pendleton, Neil, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Markus, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Tung, Joyce Y., Uitterlinden, André G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Smith, George Davey, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer, Michelle N., Yang, Jian, Johannesson, Magnus, Visscher, Peter M., Esko, Tõnu, Koellinger, Philipp D., Cesarini, David, Benjamin, Daniel J., Alver, Maris, Bao, Yanchun, Clark, David W., Day, Felix R., Kemper, Kathryn E., Kleinman, Aaron, Langenberg, Claudia, Trampush, Joey W., Verma, Shefali Setia, Yang, Wu, Lam, Max, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zheng, Zhili, Boardman, Jason D., Freese, Jeremy, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Herd, Pamela, Kumari, Meena, Lencz, Todd, Luan, Jian’An, Malhotra, Anil K., Ong, Ken K., Perry, John R. B., Ritchie, Marylyn D., Smart, Melissa C., Wareham, Nicholas J., Robinson, Matthew R., Watson, Chelsea, Lee, James J, Wedow, Robbee, Okbay, Aysu, Kong, Edward, Hyppönen, Elina, Cesarini, David, 23andMe Research Team, COGENT (Cognitive Genomics Consortium), Social Science Genetic Association Consortium, LifeLines Cohort Study, Economics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Biological Psychology, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, Complex Trait Genetics, Lee, James J., Maghzian, Omeed, Zacher, Meghan, Nguyen-Viet, Tuan Anh, Bowers, Peter, Sidorenko, Julia, Karlsson Linnér, Richard, Fontana, Mark Alan, Kundu, Tushar, Lee, Chanwook, Li, Hui, Li, Ruoxi, Royer, Rebecca, Timshel, Pascal N., Walters, Raymond K., Willoughby, Emily A., Yengo, Loïc, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Auton, Adam, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Fontanillas, Pierre, Hinds, David A., Mccreight, Jennifer C., Huber, Karen E., Litterman, Nadia K., Mcintyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Noblin, Elizabeth S., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah, Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tian, Chao, Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Pers, Tune H., Rietveld, Cornelius A., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, Vlaming, Ronald de, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jona, Baumbach, Clemen, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, Maria Pina, Derringer, Jaime, Furlotte, Nicholas A., Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J., Leeuw, Christiaan de, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., van der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Pervjakova, Natalia, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., St Pourcain, Beate, Teumer, Alexander, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klau, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Pano, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eibich, Peter, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Kutalik, Zoltan, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Maël P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, LifeLines Cohort, Study, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Mägi, Reedik, Mäki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meddens, Gerardus A., Mcmahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thoma, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Räikkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, van Rooij, Frank J. A., Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johanne, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klau, Bertram, Lar, Bisgaard, Han, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borecki, Ingrid B., Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Franke, Lude, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., Mcgue, Matt, Metspalu, Andre, Pendleton, Neil, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Marku, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Tung, Joyce Y., Uitterlinden, André G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Smith, George Davey, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer, Michelle N., Yang, Jian, Johannesson, Magnu, Visscher, Peter M., Esko, Tõnu, Koellinger, Philipp D., Benjamin, Daniel J., Alver, Mari, Bao, Yanchun, Clark, David W., Day, Felix R., Kemper, Kathryn E., Kleinman, Aaron, Langenberg, Claudia, Trampush, Joey W., Verma, Shefali Setia, Wu, Yang, Lam, Max, Zhao, Jing Hua, Zheng, Zhili, Boardman, Jason D., Freese, Jeremy, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Herd, Pamela, Kumari, Meena, Lencz, Todd, Luan, Jian’An, Malhotra, Anil K., Ong, Ken K., Perry, John R. B., Ritchie, Marylyn D., Smart, Melissa C., Wareham, Nicholas J., Robinson, Matthew R., Watson, Chelsea, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Department of Health and Life Sciences, Public Health Research (PHR), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Neurology, Psychiatry, Human genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), APH - Digital Health, Medical Oncology, Applied Economics, Day, Felix [0000-0003-3789-7651], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Zhao, Jing Hua [0000-0003-4930-3582], Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Ong, Kenneth [0000-0003-4689-7530], Perry, John [0000-0001-6483-3771], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Cappuccio, Francesco
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Multifactorial Inheritance, genetic association, LOCI, Medizin, Genome-wide association study, INTELLIGENCE, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, GWAS, Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, Genome, HERITABILITY, HUMAN TRAITS, Middle Aged, HUMAN BRAIN, STATISTICS, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Meta-analysis, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], educational attainment, POPULATIONS, Educational Status, Female, genome-wide-significant SNPs, SDG 4 - Quality Education, Adult, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, SNP, Humans, QH426, Behavioural genetics, METAANALYSIS, Aged, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Sequence Analysis, DNA, Heritability, Educational attainment, polygenic prediction, 030104 developmental biology, Genome-Wide Association Study, MAPPING CAUSAL VARIANTS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 195595.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Here we conducted a large-scale genetic association analysis of educational attainment in a sample of approximately 1.1 million individuals and identify 1,271 independent genome-wide-significant SNPs. For the SNPs taken together, we found evidence of heterogeneous effects across environments. The SNPs implicate genes involved in brain-development processes and neuron-to-neuron communication. In a separate analysis of the X chromosome, we identify 10 independent genome-wide-significant SNPs and estimate a SNP heritability of around 0.3% in both men and women, consistent with partial dosage compensation. A joint (multi-phenotype) analysis of educational attainment and three related cognitive phenotypes generates polygenic scores that explain 11-13% of the variance in educational attainment and 7-10% of the variance in cognitive performance. This prediction accuracy substantially increases the utility of polygenic scores as tools in research.
Published: 2018

6. Genetic and lifestyle risk factors for MRI-defined brain infarcts in a population-based setting

Author: Chauhan, Ganesh, Adams, Hieab H H, Jian, Xueqiu, Sharma, Pankaj, Sudlow, Cathie L M, Rosand, Jonathan, Woo, Daniel, Cole, John W, Meschia, James F, Slowik, Agnieszka, Thijs, Vincent, Lindgren, Arne, Melander, Olle, Malik, Rainer, Grewal, Raji P, Rundek, Tatjana, Rexrode, Kathy, Rothwell, Peter M, Arnett, Donna K, Jern, Christina, Johnson, Julie A, Benavente, Oscar R, Wasssertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Lee, Jin-Moo, Traylor, Matthew, Wong, Quenna, Mitchell, Braxton D, Rich, Stephen S, McArdle, Patrick F, Geerlings, Mirjam I, van der Graaf, Yolanda, de Bakker, Paul I W, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Srikanth, Velandai, Thomson, Russell, Pulit, Sara L, McWhirter, Rebekah, Moran, Chris, Callisaya, Michele, Phan, Thanh, Rutten-Jacobs, Loes C A, Bevan, Steve, Tzourio, Christophe, Mather, Karen A, Sachdev, Perminder S, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Amouyel, Philippe, Worrall, Bradford B, Dichgans, Martin, Kittner, Steven J, Markus, Hugh S, Ikram, Mohammad A, Fornage, Myriam, Launer, Lenore J, Seshadri, Sudha, Longstreth, W. T., Debette, Stéphanie, Mazoyer, Bernard, Network, Stroke Genetics, Almgren, Peter, Anderson, Christopher D, Attia, John, Ay, Hakan, Brown, Robert D, Bustamante, Mariana, Zhu, Yi-Cheng, Cheng, Yu-Ching, Cotlarciuc, Ioana, Cruchaga, Carlos, de Bakker, Paul Iw, Delavaran, Hossein, Engström, Gunnar, Kaffashian, Sara, Heitsch, Laura, Holliday, Elizabeth, Ibanez, Laure, Ilinca, Andreea, Irvin, Marguerite R, Jackson, Rebecca D, Jimenez-Conde, Jordi, Jood, Katarina, Schilling, Sabrina, Kissela, Brett M, Kleindorfer, Dawn O, Labovitz, Daniel, Laurie, Cathy C, Lemmens, Robin, Levi, Christopher, Li, Linxin, Lindgren, Arne G, Beecham, Gary W, Maguire, Jane, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Norrving, Bo, Peddareddygari, Leema Reddy, Pera, Joanna, Satizabal, Claudia L, Montine, Thomas J, Rexrode, Kathryn, Ribasés, Marta, Roquer, Jaume, Rost, Natalia S, Sacco, Ralph L, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schellenberg, Gerard D, Soriano-Tárraga, Carolina, Stanne, Tara, Stauch, Konstantin, Stine, O. C., Sudlow, Cathie Lm, Thijs, Vincent N S, Weir, David, Williams, Stephen R, Kjartansson, Olafur, Xu, Huichun, Hyacinth, Hyacinth I, Marini, Sandro, Nyquist, Paul, Lewis, Cathryn, Hansen, Bjorn, Guðnason, Vilmundur, Biffi, Alessandro, Kourkoulis, Christina, Anderson, Chris, Giese, Anne-Katrin, Sacco, Ralph, Chung, Jong-Won, Kim, Gyeong-Moon, Knopman, David S, Lubitz, Steven, Bourcier, Romain, Howson, Joanna, Granata, Alessandra, Drazyk, Anna, Markus, Hugh, Wardlaw, Joanna, Mitchell, Braxton, Cole, John, Hopewell, Jemma, Griswold, Michael E, Walters, Robin, Turnbull, Iain, Worrall, Bradford, Bis, Josh, Reiner, Alex, Dhar, Raj, Prasad, Kameshwar, Sarnowski, Chloé, Windham, B Gwen, Aparicio, Hugo Javier, Yang, Qiong, Chasman, Daniel, Phuah, Chia-Ling, Liu, Guiyou, Elkind, Mitchell, Lange, Leslie, Rost, Natalia, James, Michael, Gottesman, Rebecca F, Stewart, Jill, Vojinovic, Dina, Parati, Eugenio, Boncoraglio, Giorgio, Zand, Ramin, Bijlenga, Philippe, Selim, Magdy, Grond-Ginsbach, Caspar, Strbian, Daniel, Mosley, Thomas H, Tomppo, Liisa, Sallinen, Hanne, Pfeiffer, Dorothea, Torres, Nuria, Barboza, Miguel, Laarman, Melanie, Carriero, Roberta, Soriano, Carolina, Gill, Dipender, Debette, Stephanie, Mishra, Aniket, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Ko, Tai-Ming, Bione, Silvia, Tatlisumak, Turgut, Holmegaard, Lukas, Yue, Suo, Bis, Joshua C, Saba, Yasaman, Bersano, Anna, Schlicht, Kristina, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Oberstein, Saskia Lesnik, Lee, Tsong-Hai, Schmidt, Helena, Wasselius, Johan, Drake, Mattias, Stenman, Martin, Crawford, Katherine, Lena, Umme, Mateen, Farrah, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Wu, Ona, Schirmer, Markus, Cramer, Steve, Golland, Polina, Brown, Robert, Meschia, James, Ross, Owen A, Pare, Guillaume, Chong, Mike, Yamaguchi, Shuhei, Gwinn, Katrina, Chen, Christopher, Koenig, Jim, Giralt, Eva, Saleheen, Danish, de Leeuw, Frank-Erik, Klijn, Karin, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kubo, Michiaki, Nabika, Toru, Okada, Yukinori, Pedersen, Annie, Olsson, Maja, Martín, Juan José, Tan, Eng King, Frid, Petrea, Lee, Chaeyoung, Tregouet, David, Leung, Thomas, Kato, Norihiro, Choy, Richard, Loo, Keat Wei, Rinkel, Gabriel, Franca, Paulo, Cendes, Iscia, Carrera, Caty, Fernandez-Cadenas, Israel, Montaner, Joan, Kim, Helen, Rajan, Kumar B, Owolabi, Mayowa, Sofat, Reecha, Bakker, Mark, Ruigrok, Ynte, Hauer, Allard, van der Laan, Sander W, Irvin, Ryan, Sargurupremraj, Murali, Pezzini, Alessandro, Aggarwal, Neelum T, Abd-Allah, Foad, Liebeskind, David, Tan, Rhea, Danesh, John, Donatti, Amanda, Avelar, Wagner, Broderick, Joseph, Sudlow, Cathie, De Jager, Philip L, Rannikmae, Kristiina, McDonough, Caitrin Wheeler, van Agtmael, Tom, Walters, Matthew, Söderholm, Martin, Lorentzen, Erik, Olsson, Sandra, Olsson, Martina, Akinyemi, Rufus, Evans, Denis A, Cotlatciuc, Ioana, McArdle, Patrick, Dave, Tushar, Kittner, Steven, Faber, James E, Millwood, Iona, Márquez, Elsa Valdés, Mancuso, Michelangelo, Vibo, Riina, Teumer, Alexander, Psaty, Bruce M, Korv, Janika, Majersik, Jennifer, DeHavenon, Adam, Alexander, Matthew, Sale, Michele, Southerland, Andrew, Owens, Debra, Psaty, Bruce, Rotter, Jerome I, Wolfe, Stacey Quintero, Langefeld, Carl, Konrad, Jan, Sheth, Kevin, Falcone, Guido, Donahue, Kathleen, Simpkins, Alexis N, Liang Byorn, Tan Wei, Rice, Kenneth, Chan, Bernard, Clatworthy, Phil, Florez, Jose, Harshfield, Eric, Hozawa, Atsushi, Hsu, Chung, Hu, Chaur-Jong, Ihara, Masafumi, Lange, Marcos, Lopez, Oscar L, Lee, Soo Ji, Lee, I-Hui, Musolino, Patricia, Nakatomi, Hirofumi, Park, Kwang-Yeol, Riley, Chris, Sung, Joohon, Suzuki, Hideaki, Vo, Katie, Liao, Jiemin, Washida, Kazuo, Ibenez, Laura Garcia, Hofman, Albert, Algra, Ale, Reiner, Alex P, Doney, Alexander S F, Gschwendtner, Andreas, Vicente, Astrid M, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Carty, Cara L, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Palmer, Colin N A, Gamble, Dale M, Ringelstein, E Bernd, Valdimarsson, Einar, Davies, Gail, Wong, Tien Y, Pasterkamp, Gerard, Kuhlenbäumer, Gregor, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Falcone, Guido J, Pare, Guillame, Ikram, Mohammad K, Aparicio, Hugo J, Deary, Ian, Hopewell, Jemma C, Liu, Jingmin, van der Lee, Sven J, Attia, John R, Ferro, Jose M, Bis, Joshua, Furie, Karen, Stefansson, Kari, Berger, Klaus, Kostulas, Konstantinos, Rannikmae, Kristina, Ikram, M Arfan, Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, Amin, Najaf, Benn, Marianne, Farrall, Martin, Pandolfo, Massimo, Nalls, Mike, van Zuydam, Natalie R, Chouraki, Vincent, Abrantes, Patricia, Higgins, Peter, Lichtner, Peter, DeStefano, Anita L, Clarke, Robert, Abboud, Sherine, Oliveira, Sofia A, Gretarsdottir, Solveig, Mosley, Thomas, Battey, Thomas Wk, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thijs, Vincent Ns, Zhao, Wei, Chen, Wei-Min, Romero, Jose R, Albert, Marilyn S, Albin, Roger L, Apostolova, Liana G, Arnold, Steven E, Asthana, Sanjay, Atwood, Craig S, Baldwin, Clinton T, Barmada, M Michael, Barnes, Lisa L, Maillard, Pauline, Barral, Sandra, Beach, Thomas G, Becker, James T, Beekly, Duane, Bennett, David A, Bigio, Eileen H, Bird, Thomas D, Blacker, Deborah, Boeve, Bradley F, DeCarli, Charles, Boxer, Adam, Burke, James R, Burns, Jeffrey M, Buxbaum, Joseph D, Byrd, Goldie S, Cai, Guiqing, Cairns, Nigel J, Cantwell, Laura B, Cao, Chuanhai, Carlsson, Cynthia M, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Carney, Regina M, Carrasquillo, Minerva M, Carroll, Steven L, Chui, Helena C, Clark, David G, Cribbs, David H, Crocco, Elizabeth A, Hernández, Maria Del C Valdés, Demirci, F Yesim, Dick, Malcolm, Dickson, Dennis W, Duara, Ranjan, Ertekin-Taner, Nilufer, Faber, Kelley M, Fallin, M Daniele, Fallon, Kenneth B, Fardo, David W, Luciano, Michelle, Farlow, Martin R, Farrer, Lindsay A, Ferris, Steven, Foroud, Tatiana M, Frosch, Matthew P, Galasko, Douglas R, Gearing, Marla, Geschwind, Daniel H, Ghetti, Bernardino, Gilbert, John R, Hofer, Edith, Liewald, David, Go, Rodney C P, Goate, Alison M, Graff-Radford, Neill R, Green, Robert C, Griffith, Patrick, Growdon, John H, Haines, Jonathan L, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hamilton, Ronald L, Hamilton-Nelson, Kara L, Deary, Ian J, Haroutunian, Vahram, Harrell, Lindy E, Honig, Lawrence S, Huebinger, Ryan M, Hulette, Christine M, Hyman, Bradley T, Jicha, Gregory A, Jin, Lee-Way, Jun, Gyungah, Kamboh, M Ilyas, Starr, John M, Karydas, Anna, Kauwe, John S K, Kaye, Jeffrey A, Kim, Ronald, Kowall, Neil W, Kramer, Joel H, Kukull, Walter A, Kunkle, Brian W, LaFerla, Frank M, Lah, James J, Bastin, Mark E, Lang-Walker, Rosalyn, Larson, Eric B, Leverenz, James B, Levey, Allan I, Li, Ge, Lieberman, Andrew P, Logue, Mark W, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Lyketsos, Constantine G, Muñoz Maniega, Susana, Mack, Wendy J, Manly, Jennifer J, Marson, Daniel C, Martin, Eden R, Martiniuk, Frank, Mash, Deborah C, Masliah, Eliezer, Mayeux, Richard, McKee, Ann C, Mesulam, Marsel, Slagboom, P Eline, Miller, Bruce L, Miller, Carol A, Miller, Joshua W, Morris, John C, Murrell, Jill R, Naj, Adam C, Obisesan, Thomas O, Olichney, John M, Pankratz, Vernon S, Beekman, Marian, Parisi, Joseph E, Partch, Amanda, Paulson, Henry L, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A, Perry, William, Peskind, Elaine, Petersen, Ronald C, Pierce, Aimee, Poon, Wayne W, Potter, Huntington, Deelen, Joris, Quinn, Joseph F, Raj, Ashok, Raj, Towfique, Raskind, Murray, Reiman, Eric M, Reisberg, Barry, Reitz, Christiane, Ringman, John M, Roberson, Erik D, Rosen, Howard J, Uh, Hae-Won, Rosenberg, Roger N, Sager, Mark A, Sano, Mary, Saykin, Andrew J, Schneider, Julie A, Schneider, Lon S, Seeley, William W, Smith, Amanda G, Sonnen, Joshua A, Spina, Salvatore, Stern, Robert A, Swerdlow, Russell H, Tanzi, Rudolph E, Thornton-Wells, Tricia A, Trojanowski, John Q, Troncoso, Juan C, Tsuang, Debby W, Valladares, Otto, Van Deerlin, Vivianna M, Trompet, Stella, Brodaty, Henry, Van Eldik, Linda J, Vardarajan, Badri N, Vinters, Harry V, Vonsattel, Jean Paul, Wang, Li-San, Weintraub, Sandra, Welsh-Bohmer, Kathleen A, Williamson, Jennifer, Wingo, Thomas S, Wishnek, Sarah, Wright, Margaret J, Woltjer, Randall L, Wright, Clinton B, Younkin, Steven G, Yu, Chang-En, Yu, Lei, Chu, Audrey Y, Havulinna, Aki S, Ames, David, Smith, Albert Vernon, Choi, Seung Hoan, Garcia, Melissa E, Manichaikul, Ani, Gustafsson, Stefan, Bartz, Traci M, Boncoraglio, Giorgio B, Bellenguez, Céline, Vidal, Jean Sebastien, Wiggins, Kerri L, Xue, Flora, Ripatti, Samuli, Liu, Yongmei, Hoed, Marcel den, Heckbert, Susan R, Smith, Nicholas L, Buring, Julie E, Ridker, Paul M, Berr, Claudine, Dartigues, Jean-François, Beecham, Ashley H, Hamsten, Anders, Magnusson, Patrik K, Pedersen, Nancy L, Lannfelt, Lars, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Morris, Andrew P, Koudstaal, Peter J, Portegies, Marileen Lp, Blanton, Susan H, Uitterlinden, André G, de Craen, Anton Jm, Ford, Ian, Jukema, J Wouter, Stott, David J, Allen, Norrina B, Sale, Michele M, Johnson, Andrew D, White, Charles C, Paulista Markus, Marcello Ricardo, Nalls, Michael A, Beiser, Alexa, Vartiainen, Erkki, French, Curtis R, Kurth, Tobias, Harris, Tamara B, deStefano, Anita L, Schmidt, Carsten Oliver, Salomaa, Veikko, Wen, Wei, Ingelsson, Erik, Chasman, Daniel I, Verhaaren, Benjamin F J, Hilal, Saima, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Smith, Jennifer A, Ikram, M Kamran, Adams, Hieab H, Lopez, Lorna M, van Buchem, Mark A, Armstrong, Nicola J, van der Grond, Jeroen, Smith, Albert V, Hegenscheid, Katrin, de Andrade, Mariza, Atkinson, Elizabeth J, Beiser, Alexa S, Boerwinkle, Eric, Chong, Elizabeth, Brickman, Adam M, Bryan, R Nick, Chen, Christopher P L H, de Craen, Anton J M, Crivello, Fabrice, Schofield, Peter R, Dufouil, Carole, Elkind, Mitchell S V, Freudenberger, Paul, Habes, Mohamad, Heiss, Gerardo, Kwok, John B, Ibrahim-Verbaas, Carla A, Lewis, Cora E, Liewald, David C M, van der Lugt, Aad, Martinez, Oliver O, Nauck, Matthias, Niessen, Wiro J, Oostra, Ben A, Rice, Kenneth M, von Sarnowski, Bettina, Schreiner, Pamela J, Schuur, Maaike, Sidney, Stephen S, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Stott, David J M, van Swieten, John C, Töglhofer, Anna Maria, Turner, Stephen T, Vernooij, Meike W, Wang, Jing J, Wolf, Christiane, Zijdenbos, Alex, Kardia, Sharon L R, DeCarli, Charles C, Seshadri, Sudha S, Kavousi, Maryam, Franceschini, Nora, Isaacs, Aaron, Abecasis, Gonçalo R, Schminke, Ulf, Post, Wendy, Cupples, L Adrienne, Huffman, Jennifer E, Lehtimäki, Terho, Baumert, Jens, Münzel, Thomas, Dehghan, Abbas, North, Kari, Oostra, Ben, Stoegerer, Eva-Maria, Hayward, Caroline, Raitakari, Olli, Meisinger, Christa, Schillert, Arne, Sanna, Serena, Völzke, Henry, Thorsson, Bolli, Fox, Caroline S, Wittfeld, Katharina, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Nambi, Vijay, Halperin, Eran, Petrovic, Katja E, Peltonen, Leena, Wichmann, H Erich, Schnabel, Renate B, Dörr, Marcus, Parsa, Afshin, Aspelund, Thor, Grabe, Hans J, Demissie, Serkalem, Kathiresan, Sekar, Reilly, Muredach P, Taylor, Kent, Uitterlinden, Andre, Couper, David J, Sitzer, Matthias, Kähönen, Mika, Illig, Thomas, Wild, Philipp S, Hosten, Norbert, Orru, Marco, Lüdemann, Jan, Shuldiner, Alan R, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Seissler, Jochen, Zeller, Tanja, Usala, Gianluca, Ernst, Florian, D'Agostino, Ralph B, O'Leary, Daniel H, Ballantyne, Christie, Thiery, Joachim, Ziegler, Andreas, Lakatta, Edward G, Chilukoti, Ravi Kumar, Völker, Uwe, Wolf, Philip A, Polak, Joseph F, Li, Xia, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Uda, Manuela, Klopp, Norman, Wilson, James F, Viikari, Jorma, Koenig, Wolfgang, Blankenberg, Stefan, Newman, Anne B, Witteman, Jacqueline, van Duijn, Cornelia, Scuteri, Angelo, Homuth, Georg, Gudnason, Vilmundur, O'Donnell, Christopher J, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lund University [Lund], Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN), METASTROKE, Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC), Neurology Working Group of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium, Peter Almgren, MSC, Christopher D. Anderson, MD, Donna K. Arnett, PhD, MSPH, John Attia, MD, PhD, FRACP, FRCPC, Hakan Ay, MD, Oscar R. Benavente, MD, Steve Bevan, PhD, Robert D. Brown, MD, Mariana Bustamante, PhD, Yu-Ching Cheng, PhD, John W. Cole, MD, MS, Ioana Cotlarciuc, PhD, Carlos Cruchaga, PhD, Paul IW. de Bakker, PhD, Hossein Delavaran, MD, PhD, Martin Dichgans, MD, Gunnar Engström, MD, PHD, PROF, Myriam Fornage, PhD, Raji P. Grewal, MD, Laura Heitsch, MD, Elizabeth Holliday, MSc, PhD, Laure Ibanez, PhD, Andreea Ilinca, MD, Marguerite R. Irvin, PhD, Rebecca D. Jackson, MD, Christina Jern, MD, PhD, Jordi Jimenez-Conde, MD, PhD, Julie A. Johnson, PharmD, Katarina Jood, MD, PhD, Brett M. Kissela, MD, MS, Steven J. Kittner, MD, Dawn O. Kleindorfer, MD, MS, Daniel Labovitz, MD, Cathy C. Laurie, PhD, Jin-Moo Lee, MD, PhD, Robin Lemmens, MD PhD, Christopher Levi, MBBS B Med Sci FRACP, Linxin Li, DPhil, Arne G. Lindgren, MD, PhD, Jane Maguire, PhD, Hugh S. Markus, FRCP, Patrick F. McArdle, PhD, Olle Melander, MD, PHD, PROF, James F. Meschia, MD, Braxton D. Mitchell, PhD, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, PhD, Bo Norrving, MD, PhD, Leema Reddy Peddareddygari, MD, Joanna Pera, MD, PhD, Sara L. Pulit, PhD, Kathryn Rexrode, MD, MPH, Marta Ribasés, PhD, BSc, Jaume Roquer, MD, PhD, Natalia S. Rost, MD, Peter M. Rothwell, FMedSci, Tatjana Rundek, MD PhD, Ralph L. Sacco, MD MS, Reinhold Schmidt, MD, Pankaj Sharma, MD PhD, Agnieszka Slowik, MD, PhD, Carolina Soriano-Tárraga, BSc, PhD, Tara Stanne, PhD, Konstantin Stauch, PhD, O C. Stine, PhD, Cathie LM. Sudlow, BMBCh, MSc, DPhil, FRCP (Ed), Vincent N.S. Thijs, MD, PhD, Sylvia Wasssertheil-Smoller, PhD, David Weir, PhD, Stephen R. Williams, PhD, Quenna Wong, PhD, Daniel Woo, MD, MS, Bradford B. Worrall, MD, MSc, Huichun Xu, MD, PhD, Sudha Seshadri, MD, Hyacinth I Hyacinth, MD, Sandro Marini, MD, Paul Nyquist, MD, PhD, Cathryn Lewis, PhD, Bjorn Hansen, MD, Bo Norrving, MD, PhD, Jonathan Rosand, MD, Alessandro Biffi, MD, Christina Kourkoulis, Bachelor, Chris Anderson, MD, MMSc, Anne-Katrin Giese, MD, Ralph Sacco, MD, MS, Pankaj Sharma, MD, PhD, Jong-Won Chung, MD, MSc, Gyeong-Moon Kim, MD, Steven Lubitz, MD, MPH, Romain Bourcier, MD, Joanna Howson, PhD, Alessandra Granata, PhD, Anna Drazyk, MRCPI, Hugh Markus, MD, Joanna Wardlaw, MD, Braxton Mitchell, MPH, PHD, John Cole, MD, MS, Jemma Hopewell, PhD, FESC, Robin Walters, MA, PhD, PgDip, Iain Turnbull, BA(Hons) MB BChir MRCP(UK) MRCGP, Bradford Worrall, MD, MSc, Josh Bis, PhD, Alex Reiner, MD, MSc, Raj Dhar, MD, Laura Heitsch, MD, Jin-Moo Lee, MD, PhD, Kameshwar Prasad, MD, DM, MMSc, FRCP(Edin), FAMS, Chloé Sarnowski, PhD, Hugo Javier Aparicio, MD, Qiong Yang, PhD, Daniel Chasman, PhD, Kathryn Rexrode, MD, MPH, Chia-Ling Phuah, MD, Guiyou Liu, PhD, Mitchell Elkind, MD, MSc, Leslie Lange, PhD, Natalia Rost, MD, Michael James, MD, Jill Stewart, PhD, Dina Vojinovic, MD, MS, Vincent Thijs, MD, PhD, Eugenio Parati, MD, Giorgio Boncoraglio, MD, Ramin Zand, MD, Philippe Bijlenga, MD, PhD, Magdy Selim, MD, PhD, Caspar Grond-Ginsbach, PhD, Daniel Strbian, MD, PhD, Liisa Tomppo, MD, Hanne Sallinen, MD, Dorothea Pfeiffer, MD, Nuria Torres, MSc, Miguel Barboza, MD, Melanie Laarman, PhD candidate, Roberta Carriero, PhD, Elizabeth Holliday, PhD, Jordi Jimenez-Conde, MD, PhD, Carolina Soriano, BSc, PhD, Dipender Gill, PhD, Stephanie Debette, MD, PhD, Aniket Mishra, PhD, Jer-Yuarn Wu, PhD, Tai-Ming Ko, PhD, Silvia Bione, PhD, Katarina Jood, MD, PhD, Turgut Tatlisumak, MD, PhD, Lukas Holmegaard, PhD, Suo Yue, system engineer, Anna bersano, MD, PhD, Joanna Pera, MD, PhD, Agnieszka Slowik, MD, PhD, Christopher Levi, MBBS B Med Sci FRACP, Kristina Schlicht, Dipl. Biol., Robin Lemmens, MD, PhD, Toshiharu Ninomiya, MD, PhD, Saskia Lesnik Oberstein, PhD, Tsong-Hai Lee, MD, PhD, Rainer Malik, PhD, Martin Dichgans, MD, Arne Lindgren, MD, PhD, Johan Wasselius, MD, PhD, Mattias Drake, student, Olle Melander, MD, PHD, Martin Stenman, MD, Andreea Ilinca, MD, Katherine Crawford, BS, Umme Lena, Bachelors of Arts, Farrah Mateen, MD, PhD, Hakan Ay, MD, Ona Wu, PhD, Markus Schirmer, PhD, Steve Cramer, MD, Polina Golland, PhD, Robert Brown, MD, MPH, James Meschia, MD, Owen A. Ross, PhD, Guillaume Pare, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Mike Chong, MSc, Tatjana Rundek, MD PhD, Katrina Gwinn, MD, Christopher Chen, BMBCh (Oxon), MRCP, FRCP, Jim Koenig, PhD, Eva Giralt, PhD, Danish Saleheen, MBBS, PhD, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, MD, PhD, Karin Klijn, MD, PhD, Yoichiro Kamatani, MD, PhD, Michiaki Kubo, MD, PhD, Yukinori Okada, MD, PhD, Annie Pedersen, MD, Maja Olsson, PhD, Juan José Martín, MD, Huichun Xu, MD, PhD, Eng King Tan, MD, Petrea Frid, MD, Chaeyoung Lee, PhD, David Tregouet, PhD, Thomas Leung, MB, ChB, MRCP, FHKCP, FHKAM, Richard Choy, BSc (Brad.), MSc(Med) (Birm.), PhD (CUHK), Christina Jern, MD, PhD, Keat Wei Loo, BSc, PhD, Gabriel Rinkel, MD, Paulo Franca, PhD, Iscia Cendes, MD, PhD, Caty Carrera, MD, Israel Fernandez-Cadenas, PhD, Joan Montaner, MD, PhD, Helen Kim, PhD, Mayowa Owolabi, MBBS, MSc, DrM, MWACP, FMCP, FAAN, FAS, Reecha Sofat, MD, Mark Bakker, PhD, Ynte Ruigrok, MD, PhD, Allard Hauer, PhD candidate, Sara L. Pulit, PhD, Sander W. van der Laan, PhD, Ryan Irvin, PhD, Murali Sargurupremraj, PhD, Alessandro Pezzini, MD, Foad Abd-Allah, MD, David Liebeskind, MD, Matthew Traylor, PhD, Rhea Tan, BSc (Hons), John Danesh, MD, DPhil, Loes Rutten-Jacobs, PhD, Amanda Donatti, PhD, student, Wagner Avelar, PhD, Joseph Broderick, MD, Daniel Woo, MD, MS, Cathie Sudlow, BMBCh, MSc, DPhil, FRCP, Kristiina Rannikmae, MD, Caitrin Wheeler McDonough, PhD, Tom van Agtmael, PhD, Matthew Walters, MD, MBChB, FRCP, Martin Söderholm, MD, PhD, Erik Lorentzen, Ph.Lic., Sandra Olsson, PhD, MSc, Tara Stanne, PhD, Martina Olsson, MSc, Rufus Akinyemi, PhD, MSc, MWACP, FMCP, Ioana Cotlatciuc, PhD, Patrick McArdle, PhD, Tushar Dave, MSc, Steven Kittner, MD, MPH, John Attia, MD, PhD, James E Faber, PhD, Iona Millwood, DPhil, Elsa Valdés Márquez, PhD, Michelangelo Mancuso, MD, PhD, Riina Vibo, MD, PhD, Janika Korv, MD, PhD, FESO, Jane Maguire, PhD, BN (Hons), BA, RN, Myriam Fornage, PhD, Jennifer Majersik, MD, Adam DeHavenon, MD, Matthew Alexander, MD, Michele Sale, PhD, Andrew Southerland, MD, MSc, Debra Owens, NNP, Bruce Psaty, MD, PhD, W. T. Longstreth, Jr, MD, MPH, Stacey Quintero Wolfe, MD, FAANS, Carl Langefeld, PhD, Carlos Cruchaga, PhD, Jan Konrad, administrative coordinator, Kevin Sheth, MD, Guido Falcone, MD, ScD, MPH, Kathleen Donahue, BS, Alexis N Simpkins, MD, PhD, Tan Wei Liang Byorn, MMBS, student, Bernard Chan, MD, Phil Clatworthy, MD, PhD, Jose Florez, MD, Eric Harshfield, PhD, Atsushi Hozawa, MD, Chung Hsu, MD, PhD, Chaur-Jong Hu, MD, PhD, Laure Ibanez, PhD, Masafumi Ihara, MD, PhD, FACP, Marcos Lange, PhD, Soo Ji Lee, PhD, MPH, I-Hui Lee, MD, PhD, Patricia Musolino, MD, PhD, Hirofumi Nakatomi, MD, PhD, Kwang-Yeol Park, MD, Stephen S Rich, PhD, Chris Riley, MBA, Joohon Sung, MD, PhD, Hideaki Suzuki, MD, PhD, Katie Vo, MD, Kazuo Washida, MD, PhD, Laura Garcia Ibenez, PhD, Agnieszka Slowik, MD, PhD, Albert Hofman, MD, PhD, Ale Algra, MD, MSc, Alex P Reiner, MD, MSc, Alexander S F Doney, PhD, Andreas Gschwendtner, MD, Andreea Ilinca, MD, Anne-Katrin Giese, MD, Arne Lindgren, MD, PhD, Astrid M Vicente, PhD, Bo Norrving, MD, PhD, Børge G Nordestgaard, MD, PhD, DMSc, Braxton D Mitchell, PhD, Bradford B Worrall, MD, MSc, Bruce M Psaty, MD, PhD, Cara L Carty, PhD, Cathie Sudlow, BMBCh, MSc, DPhil, FRCP, Christopher D Anderson, MD, Christopher Levi, MBBS B Med Sci FRACP, Claudia L Satizabal, PhD, Colin N A Palmer, PhD, Dale M Gamble, CCRP, Daniel Woo, MD, MS, Danish Saleheen, MBBS, PhD, E Bernd Ringelstein, MD, FAHA, Einar Valdimarsson, MD, Elizabeth Holliday, PhD, Gail Davies, PhD, Ganesh Chauhan, PhD, Gerard Pasterkamp, MD, PhD, Giorgio Boncoraglio, MD, Gregor Kuhlenbäumer, MD, PhD, Gudmar Thorleifsson, PhD, Guido J Falcone, MD, ScD, MPH, Guillame Pare, MD, MSc, FRCPC, Helena Schmidt, MD, PhD, Hossein Delavaran, MD, PhD, Hugh S Markus, MD, Hugo J Aparicio, MD, Ian Deary, PhD, Ioana Cotlarciuc, PhD, Israel Fernandez-Cadenas, PhD, James Meschia, MD, Jemma C Hopewell, PhD, FESC, Jingmin Liu, MSc, Joan Montaner, MD, PhD, Joanna Pera, MD, PhD, John Cole, MD, MS, John R Attia, MD, PhD, FRACP, FRCPC, Jonathan Rosand, MD, MSc, Jose M Ferro, MD, PhD, Joshua Bis, PhD, Karen Furie, MD, Kari Stefansson, MD, Klaus Berger, MD, PhD, Konstantinos Kostulas, MD, PhD, Kristina Rannikmae, MD, M Arfan Ikram, MD, PhD, Marianne Benn, MD, PhD, Martin Dichgans, MD, Martin Farrall, FRCPath, Massimo Pandolfo, MD, Matthew Traylor, PhD, Matthew Walters, MD, MBChB, FRCP, Michele Sale, PhD, Mike Nalls, PhD, Myriam Fornage, PhD, Natalie R van Zuydam, PhD, Pankaj Sharma, MD, PhD, Patricia Abrantes, PhD, Paul IW de Bakker, PhD, Peter Higgins, FRCP, Peter Lichtner, PhD, Peter M Rothwell, FMedSci, Philippe Amouyel, MD, PhD, Qiong Yang, PhD, Rainer Malik, PhD, Reinhold Schmidt, MD, Robert Clarke, MD, MRCP, FRCP, FFPH, Robin Lemmens, MD, PhD, Sander W van der Laan, PhD, Sara L Pulit, PhD, Sherine Abboud, MD, PhD, Sofia A Oliveira, PhD, Solveig Gretarsdottir, PhD, Stephanie Debette, MD, PhD, Stephen R Williams, PhD, Steve Bevan, BSc, PhD, Steven J Kittner, MD, Sudha Seshadri, MD, Thomas Mosley, PhD, Thomas WK Battey, BS, Turgut Tatlisumak, MD, PhD, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, PhD, Vincent NS Thijs, MD, PhD, W T Longstreth, MD, Wei Zhao, MD, PhD, Wei-Min Chen, PhD, Yu-Ching Cheng, PhD, Marilyn S. Albert, PhD, Roger L. Albin, MD, Liana G. Apostolova, MD, Steven E. Arnold, MD, Sanjay Asthana, MD, Craig S. Atwood, PhD, Clinton T. Baldwin, PhD, M. Michael Barmada, PhD, Lisa L. Barnes, PhD, Sandra Barral, PhD, Thomas G. Beach, MD, PhD, James T. Becker, PhD, Gary W. Beecham, PhD, Duane Beekly, BS, David A. Bennett, MD, Eileen H. Bigio, MD, Thomas D. Bird, MD, Deborah Blacker, MD, ScD, Bradley F. Boeve, MD, Adam Boxer, MD, PhD, James R. Burke, MD, PhD, Jeffrey M. Burns, MD, MS, Joseph D. Buxbaum, PhD, Goldie S. Byrd, PhD, Guiqing Cai, MD, PhD, Nigel J. Cairns, PhD FRCPath, Laura B. Cantwell, MPH, Chuanhai Cao, PhD, Cynthia M. Carlsson, MD, MS, Regina M. Carney, MD, Minerva M. Carrasquillo, PhD, Steven L. Carroll, MD, PhD, Helena C. Chui, PhD, David G. Clark, MD, David H. Cribbs, PhD, Elizabeth A. Crocco, MD, Carlos Cruchaga, PhD, Philip L. De Jager, MD, PhD, Charles DeCarli, MD, F. Yesim Demirci, MD, Malcolm Dick, Dennis W. Dickson, MD, Ranjan Duara, Md, Nilufer Ertekin-Taner, MD, PhD, Denis A. Evans, MD, Kelley M. Faber, MS, M. Daniele Fallin, PhD, Kenneth B. Fallon, MD, David W. Fardo, PhD, Martin R. Farlow, MD, Lindsay A. Farrer, PhD, Steven Ferris, PhD, Tatiana M. Foroud, PhD, Matthew P. Frosch, MD, PhD, Douglas R. Galasko, MD, Marla Gearing, PhD, Daniel H. Geschwind, MD, PhD, Bernardino Ghetti, MD, John R. Gilbert, PhD, Rodney C.P. Go, PhD, Alison M. Goate, DPhil, Neill R. Graff-Radford, MD, Robert C. Green, MD, MPH, Patrick Griffith, MD, John H. Growdon, MD, Jonathan L. Haines, PhD, Hakon Hakonarson, MD, PhD, Ronald L. Hamilton, MD, Kara L. Hamilton-Nelson, MPH, Vahram Haroutunian, PhD, Lindy E. Harrell, MD, PhD, Lawrence S. Honig, MD, PhD, Ryan M. Huebinger, PhD, Christine M. Hulette, MD, Bradley T. Hyman, MD, PhD, Gregory A. Jicha, MD, PhD, Lee-Way Jin, MD, PhD, Gyungah Jun, PhD, M. Ilyas Kamboh, PhD, Anna Karydas, BA, John S.K. Kauwe, PhD, Jeffrey A. Kaye, MD, Ronald Kim, MD, Neil W. Kowall, MD, Joel H. Kramer, PsyD, Walter A. Kukull, PhD, Brian W. Kunkle, PhD, Frank M. LaFerla, PhD, James J. Lah, MD, PhD, Rosalyn Lang-Walker, PhD, Eric B. Larson, MD, MPH, James B. Leverenz, MD, Allan I. Levey, MD, PhD, Ge Li, MD, PhD, Andrew P. Lieberman, MD, PhD, Mark W. Logue, PhD, Oscar L. Lopez, MD, Kathryn L. Lunetta, PhD, Constantine G. Lyketsos, MD, Wendy J. Mack, PhD, Jennifer J. Manly, PhD, Daniel C. Marson, JD, PhD, Eden R. Martin, PhD, Frank Martiniuk, PhD, Deborah C. Mash, PhD, Eliezer Masliah, MD, Richard Mayeux, MD, Ann C. McKee, MD, Marsel Mesulam, MD, Bruce L. Miller, MD, Carol A. Miller, MD, Joshua W. Miller, PhD, Thomas J. Montine, MD, PhD, John C. Morris, MD, Jill R. Murrell, PhD, Adam C. Naj, PhD, Thomas O. Obisesan, MD, John M. Olichney, MD, Vernon S. Pankratz, PhD, Joseph E. Parisi, MD, Amanda Partch, MS, Henry L. Paulson, MD, PhD, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, PhD, William Perry, BS, Elaine Peskind, MD, Ronald C. Petersen, MD, PhD, Aimee Pierce, MD, Wayne W. Poon, PhD, Huntington Potter, PhD, Joseph F. Quinn, MD, Ashok Raj, MD, Towfique Raj, PhD, Murray Raskind, MD, Eric M. Reiman, MD, Barry Reisberg, MD, Christiane Reitz, MD, PhD, John M. Ringman, MD, MS, Erik D. Roberson, MD, PhD, Howard J. Rosen, MD, Roger N. Rosenberg, MD, Mark A. Sager, MD, Mary Sano, PhD, Andrew J. Saykin, PsyD, Gerard D. Schellenberg, PhD, Julie A. Schneider, MD, MS, Lon S. Schneider, MD, MS, William W. Seeley, MD, Amanda G. Smith, MD, Joshua A. Sonnen, MD, Salvatore Spina, MD, Robert A. Stern, PhD, Russell H. Swerdlow, MD, Rudolph E. Tanzi, PhD, Tricia A. Thornton-Wells, PhD, John Q. Trojanowski, MD, PhD, Juan C. Troncoso, MD, Debby W. Tsuang, MD, Otto Valladares, MS, Vivianna M. Van Deerlin, MD, PhD, Linda J. Van Eldik, PhD, Badri N. Vardarajan, PhD, MS, Harry V. Vinters, MD, Jean Paul Vonsattel, MD, Li-San Wang, PhD, Sandra Weintraub, PhD, Kathleen A. Welsh-Bohmer, PhD, Jennifer Williamson, MS, MPH, Thomas S. Wingo, MD, Sarah Wishnek, MPH, Randall L. Woltjer, MD, PhD, Clinton B. Wright, MD, MS, Steven G. Younkin, MD, PhD, Chang-En Yu, PhD, Lei Yu, PhD, Ganesh Chauhan, PhD, Audrey Y. Chu, PhD, Myriam Fornage, PhD, Joshua C. Bis, PhD, Aki S. Havulinna, DSc, Muralidharan Sargurupremraj, PhD, Albert Vernon Smith, PhD, Hieab H.H. Adams, MSc, Seung Hoan Choi, MA, Stella Trompet, PhD, Melissa E. Garcia, MPH, Ani Manichaikul, PhD, Alexander Teumer, PhD, Stefan Gustafsson, PhD, Traci M. Bartz, MS, Céline Bellenguez, PhD, Jean Sebastien Vidal, MD, Xueqiu Jian, PhD, Olafur Kjartansson, MD, Kerri L. Wiggins, MS, Claudia L. Satizabal, PhD, Flora Xue, MS, Samuli Ripatti, PhD, Yongmei Liu, PhD, Joris Deelen, PhD, Marcel den Hoed, PhD, Susan R. Heckbert, MD, Kenneth Rice, PhD, Nicholas L. Smith, PhD, Quenna Wong, MS, Hugo J. Aparicio, MD, Julie E. Buring, ScD, Paul M Ridker, MD, Claudine Berr, MD, Jean-François Dartigues, MD, Anders Hamsten, MD, Patrik K. Magnusson, PhD, Nancy L. Pedersen, PhD, Lars Lannfelt, MD, Lars Lind, MD, Cecilia M. Lindgren, PhD, Andrew P. Morris, PhD, Albert Hofman, MD, Peter J. Koudstaal, MD, Marileen LP. Portegies, MD, André G. Uitterlinden, PhD, Anton JM de Craen, PhD, Ian Ford, MD, J. Wouter Jukema, MD, David J Stott, MD, Norrina B. Allen, PhD, Michele M. Sale, PhD, Andrew D Johnson, PhD, David A. Bennett, MD, Philip L. De Jager, MD, PhD, Charles C. White, PhD, Hans Jörgen Grabe, MD, Marcello Ricardo Paulista Markus, MD, Oscar L Lopez, MD, Jerome I. Rotter, MD, Michael A. Nalls, PhD, Rebecca F. Gottesman, MD, Michael E. Griswold, PhD, David S. Knopman, MD, B. Gwen Windham, MD, Alexa Beiser, PhD, Erkki Vartiainen, MD, Curtis R. French, PhD, Tobias Kurth, MD, Bruce M. Psaty, MD, Tamara B. Harris, MD, Stephen S Rich, PhD, Anita L. deStefano, PhD, Carsten Oliver Schmidt, PhD, Veikko Salomaa, MD, Thomas H. Mosley, PhD, Erik Ingelsson, MD, PhD, Cornelia M. van Duijn, PhD, Christophe Tzourio, MD, Lenore J Launer, PhD, M. Arfan Ikram, MD, Daniel I. Chasman, PhD, W. T. Longstreth, Jr, MD, MPH, Sudha Seshadri, MD, Stéphanie Debette, MD, Benjamin F.J. Verhaaren, MD, PhD, Stéphanie Debette, MD, PhD, Joshua C. Bis, PhD, Jennifer A. Smith, PhD, MPH, MA, M. Kamran Ikram, MD, PhD, Hieab H. Adams, MSc, Ashley H. Beecham, MSc, Kumar B. Rajan, PhD, Lorna M. Lopez, PhD, Sandra Barral, PhD, Mark A. van Buchem, MD, PhD, Jeroen van der Grond, PhD, Albert V. Smith, PhD, Katrin Hegenscheid, MD, Neelum T. Aggarwal, MD, Mariza de Andrade, PhD, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, PhD, Marian Beekman, PhD, Alexa S. Beiser, PhD, Susan H. Blanton, PhD, Eric Boerwinkle, PhD, Adam M. Brickman, PhD, R. Nick Bryan, MD, PhD, Ganesh Chauhan, PhD, Christopher P.L.H. Chen, FRCP, Vincent Chouraki, MD, PhD, Anton J.M. de Craen, PhD, Fabrice Crivello, PhD, Ian J. Deary, PhD, Joris Deelen, MSc, Philip L. De Jager, MD, PhD, Carole Dufouil, PhD, Mitchell S.V. Elkind, MD, MSc, Denis A. Evans, MD, Paul Freudenberger, MSc, Rebecca F. Gottesman, MD, PhD, Vilmundur Guðnason, MD, PhD, Mohamad Habes, PhD, Susan R. Heckbert, MD, PhD, Gerardo Heiss, MD, Saima Hilal, MBBS, Edith Hofer, PhD, Albert Hofman, MD, PhD, Carla A. Ibrahim-Verbaas, MD, David S. Knopman, MD, Cora E. Lewis, MD, MSPH, Jiemin Liao, MSc, David C.M. Liewald, BSc, Michelle Luciano, PhD, Aad van der Lugt, MD, PhD, Oliver O. Martinez, PhD, Richard Mayeux, MD, MSc, Bernard Mazoyer, MD, PhD, Mike Nalls, PhD, Matthias Nauck, MD, Wiro J. Niessen, PhD, Ben A. Oostra, PhD, Bruce M. Psaty, MD, PhD, Kenneth M. Rice, PhD, Jerome I. Rotter, MD, Bettina von Sarnowski, MD, Helena Schmidt, MD, PhD, Pamela J. Schreiner, PhD, Maaike Schuur, MD, PhD, Stephen S. Sidney, MD, MPH, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, MSc, P. Eline Slagboom, PhD, David J.M. Stott, MD, John C. van Swieten, MD, PhD, Alexander Teumer, PhD, Anna Maria Töglhofer, MSc, Matthew Traylor, PhD, Stella Trompet, PhD, Stephen T. Turner, MD, Christophe Tzourio, MD, PhD, Hae-Won Uh, PhD, André G. Uitterlinden, PhD, Meike W. Vernooij, MD, PhD, Jing J. Wang, PhD, Tien Y. Wong, MD, PhD, Joanna M. Wardlaw, MD, B. Gwen Windham, MD, Katharina Wittfeld, MS, Christiane Wolf, PhD, Clinton B. Wright, MD, Qiong Yang, PhD, Wei Zhao, MD, PhD, Alex Zijdenbos, PhD, J. Wouter Jukema, MD, PhD, Ralph L. Sacco, MD, Sharon L.R. Kardia, PhD, Philippe Amouyel, MD, PhD, Thomas H. Mosley, PhD, W. T. Longstreth, Jr, MD, MPH, Charles C. DeCarli, MD, Cornelia M. van Duijn, PhD, Reinhold Schmidt, MD, Lenore J. Launer, PhD, Hans J. Grabe, MD, Sudha S. Seshadri, MD, M. Arfan Ikram, MD, PhD, Myriam Fornage, PhD, Joshua C. Bis, PhD, Maryam Kavousi, MD, MSc, Nora Franceschini, MD, MPH, Aaron Isaacs, PhD, Gonçalo R Abecasis, PhD, Ulf Schminke, MD, Wendy Post, MD, Albert V. Smith, PhD, L. Adrienne Cupples, PhD, Hugh S Markus, MD, Reinhold Schmidt, MD, Jennifer E. Huffman, MSc, Terho Lehtimäki, MD, PhD, Jens Baumert, PhD, Thomas Münzel, MD, Susan R. Heckbert, MD, PhD, Abbas Dehghan, MD, PhD, Kari North, PhD, Ben Oostra, PhD, Steve Bevan, PhD, Eva-Maria Stoegerer, MD, Caroline Hayward, PhD, Olli Raitakari, MD, PhD, Christa Meisinger, MD, MPH, Arne Schillert, PhD, Serena Sanna, PhD, Henry Völzke, MD, Yu-Ching Cheng, PhD, Bolli Thorsson, MD, Caroline S. Fox, MD, MS, Kenneth Rice, PhD, Fernando Rivadeneira, MD, PhD, Vijay Nambi, MD, Eran Halperin, PhD, Katja E. Petrovic, MSc, Leena Peltonen, MD, PhD, H. Erich Wichmann, MD, PhD, Renate B. Schnabel, MD, MSc, Marcus Dörr, MD, Afshin Parsa, MD, MPH, Thor Aspelund, PhD, Serkalem Demissie, PhD, Sekar Kathiresan, MD, Muredach P. Reilly, MBBCH, MSCE, Kent Taylor, PhD, Andre Uitterlinden, PhD, David J. Couper, PhD, Matthias Sitzer, MD, Mika Kähönen, MD, PhD, Thomas Illig, PhD, Philipp S. Wild, MD, Marco Orru, MD, Jan Lüdemann, PhD, Alan R. Shuldiner, MD, Gudny Eiriksdottir, MSc, Charles C. White, MPH, Jerome I. Rotter, MD, Albert Hofman, MD, PhD, Jochen Seissler, MD, Tanja Zeller, PhD, Gianluca Usala, PhD, Florian Ernst, PhD, Lenore J. Launer, PhD, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Sr, PhD, Daniel H. O'Leary, MD, Christie Ballantyne, MD, Joachim Thiery, MD, MBA, Andreas Ziegler, Dr. rer. nat. habil., Edward G. Lakatta, MD, Ravi Kumar Chilukoti, MSc, Tamara B. Harris, MD, PhD, Philip A. Wolf, MD, Bruce M. Psaty, MD, PhD, Joseph F Polak, MD, MPH, Xia Li, MD, MPH, Wolfgang Rathmann, MD, MSPH, Manuela Uda, PhD, Eric Boerwinkle, PhD, Norman Klopp, PhD, Helena Schmidt, MD PhD, James F Wilson, DPhil, Jorma Viikari, MD, PhD, Wolfgang Koenig, MD, Stefan Blankenberg, Prof Dr med, Anne B. Newman, MD, MPH, Jacqueline Witteman, PhD, Gerardo Heiss, MD, PhD, Cornelia van Duijn, PhD, Angelo Scuteri, MD, PhD, Georg Homuth, PhD, Braxton D. Mitchell, PhD, Vilmundur Gudnason, MD, PhD, and Christopher J. O’Donnell, MD, MPH, Læknadeild (HÍ), Faculty of Medicine (UI), Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ), School of Health Sciences (UI), Háskóli Íslands, University of Iceland, and Berr, Claudine
Subjects: Neurology & Neurosurgery, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Heilaskaði, Clinical Neurology, Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN), the International Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC), METASTROKE, Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC), and the Neurology Working Group of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium, R1, Article, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Taugasjúkdómar, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Meta-analyses, Brain infarcts, GWAS, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, ddc:610, Erfðarannsóknir, MRI
Abstract: Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Objective: To explore genetic and lifestyle risk factors of MRI-defined brain infarcts (BI) in large population-based cohorts. Methods We performed meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and examined associations of vascular risk factors and their genetic risk scores (GRS) with MRI-defined BI and a subset of BI, namely, small subcortical BI (SSBI), in 18 population-based cohorts (n=20,949) from 5 ethnicities (3,726 with BI, 2,021 with SSBI). Top loci were followed up in 7 population-based cohorts (n = 6,862; 1,483 with BI, 630 with SBBI), and we tested associations with related phenotypes including ischemic stroke and pathologically defined BI. Results: The mean prevalence was 17.7% for BI and 10.5% for SSBI, steeply rising after age 65. Two loci showed genome-wide significant association with BI: FBN2, p = 1.77 × 10-8; and LINC00539/ZDHHC20, p = 5.82 × 10-9. Both have been associated with blood pressure (BP)-related phenotypes, but did not replicate in the smaller follow-up sample or show associations with related phenotypes. Age- and sex-adjusted associations with BI and SSBI were observed for BP traits (p value for BI, p[BI] = 9.38 × 10-25; p [SSBI] = 5.23 × 10-14 for hypertension), smoking (p[BI]= 4.4 × 10-10; p [SSBI] = 1.2 × 10 -4), diabetes (p[BI] = 1.7 × 10 -8; p [SSBI] = 2.8 × 10 -3), previous cardiovascular disease (p [BI] = 1.0 × 10-18; p [SSBI] = 2.3 × 10-7), stroke (p [BI] = 3.9 × 10-69; p [SSBI] = 3.2 × 10 -24), and MRI-defined white matter hyperintensity burden (p [BI]=1.43 × 10-157; p [SSBI] = 3.16 × 10-106), but not with body mass index or cholesterol. GRS of BP traits were associated with BI and SSBI (p ≤ 0.0022), without indication of directional pleiotropy. Conclusion: In this multiethnic GWAS meta-analysis, including over 20,000 population-based participants, we identified genetic risk loci for BI requiring validation once additional large datasets become available. High BP, including genetically determined, was the most significant modifiable, causal risk factor for BI., CHAP: R01-AG-11101, R01-AG-030146, NIRP-14-302587. SMART: This study was supported by a grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research–Medical Sciences (project no. 904-65–095). LBC: The authors thank the LBC1936 participants and the members of the LBC1936 research team who collected and collated the phenotypic and genotypic data. The LBC1936 is supported by Age UK (Disconnected Mind Programme grant). The work was undertaken by The University of Edinburgh Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, part of the cross-council Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Initiative (MR/K026992/1). The brain imaging was performed in the Brain Research Imaging Centre (https://www.ed.ac.uk/clinical-sciences/edinburgh-imaging), a center in the SINAPSE Collaboration (sinapse.ac.uk) supported by the Scottish Funding Council and Chief Scientist Office. Funding from the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and the UK Medical Research Council is acknowledged. Genotyping was supported by a grant from the BBSRC (ref. BB/F019394/1). PROSPER: The PROSPER study was supported by an investigator-initiated grant obtained from Bristol-Myers Squibb. Prof. Dr. J.W. Jukema is an Established Clinical Investigator of the Netherlands Heart Foundation (grant 2001 D 032). Support for genotyping was provided by the seventh framework program of the European commission (grant 223004) and by the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging grant 050-060-810). SCES and SiMES: National Medical Research Council Singapore Centre Grant NMRC/CG/013/2013. C.-Y.C. is supported by the National Medical Research Council, Singapore (CSA/033/2012), Singapore Translational Research Award (STaR) 2013. Dr. Kamran Ikram received additional funding from the Singapore Ministry of Health's National Medical Research Council (NMRC/CSA/038/2013). SHIP: SHIP is part of the Community Medicine Research net of the University of Greifswald, Germany, which is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grants no. 01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, and 01ZZ0403), the Ministry of Cultural Affairs, as well as the Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg–West Pomerania, and the network “Greifswald Approach to Individualized Medicine (GANI_MED)” funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant 03IS2061A). Genome-wide data have been supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant no. 03ZIK012) and a joint grant from Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany, and the Federal State of Mecklenburg–West Pomerania. Whole-body MRI was supported by a joint grant from Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany, and the Federal State of Mecklenburg–West Pomerania. The University of Greifswald is a member of the Caché Campus program of the InterSystems GmbH. OATS (Older Australian Twins Study): OATS was supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHRMC)/Australian Research Council (ARC) Strategic Award (ID401162) and by a NHMRC grant (ID1045325). OATS was facilitated via access to the Australian Twin Registry, which is supported by the NHMRC Enabling Grant 310667. The OATS genotyping was partly supported by a Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Flagship Collaboration Fund Grant. NOMAS: The Northern Manhattan Study is funded by the NIH grant “Stroke Incidence and Risk Factors in a Tri-Ethnic Region” (NINDS R01NS 29993). TASCOG: NHMRC and Heart Foundation. AGES: The study was funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) (N01-AG-12100), Hjartavernd (the Icelandic Heart Association), and the Althingi (the Icelandic Parliament), with contributions from the Intramural Research Programs at the NIA, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (Z01 HL004607-08 CE). ERF: The ERF study as a part of European Special Populations Research Network (EUROSPAN) was supported by European Commission FP6 STRP grant no. 018947 (LSHG-CT-2006-01947) and also received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013)/grant agreement HEALTH-F4-2007-201413 by the European Commission under the programme “Quality of Life and Management of the Living Resources” of 5th Framework Programme (no. QLG2-CT-2002-01254). High-throughput analysis of the ERF data was supported by a joint grant from Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (NWO-RFBR 047.017.043). Exome sequencing analysis in ERF was supported by the ZonMw grant (project 91111025). Najaf Amin is supported by the Netherlands Brain Foundation (project no. F2013[1]-28). ARIC: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study was performed as a collaborative study supported by NHLBI contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HSN268201100006C, HSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C), R01HL70825, R01HL087641, R01HL59367, and R01HL086694; National Human Genome Research Institute contract U01HG004402; and NIH contract HHSN268200625226C. Infrastructure was partly supported by grant no. UL1RR025005, a component of the NIH and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. This project was also supported by NIH R01 grant NS087541 to M.F. FHS: This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (contracts no. N01-HC-25195 and no. HHSN268201500001I), and its contract with Affymetrix, Inc. for genotyping services (contract no. N02-HL-6-4278). A portion of this research utilized the Linux Cluster for Genetic Analysis (LinGA-II) funded by the Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center. This study was also supported by grants from the NIA (R01s AG033040, AG033193, AG054076, AG049607, AG008122, and U01-AG049505) and the NINDS (R01-NS017950, UH2 NS100605). Dr. DeCarli is supported by the Alzheimer's Disease Center (P30 AG 010129). ASPS: The research reported in this article was funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant nos. P20545-P05, P13180, and P20545-B05, by the Austrian National Bank Anniversary Fund, P15435, and the Austrian Ministry of Science under the aegis of the EU Joint Programme–Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) (jpnd.eu). LLS: The Leiden Longevity Study has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2011) under grant agreement no. 259679. This study was supported by a grant from the Innovation-Oriented Research Program on Genomics (SenterNovem IGE05007), the Centre for Medical Systems Biology, and the Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing (grant 050-060-810), all in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), UnileverColworth, and by BBMRI-NL, a Research Infrastructure financed by the Dutch government (NWO 184.021.007). CHS: This CHS research was supported by contracts HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, N01HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086, N01HC15103, and HHSN268200960009C and grants U01HL080295, R01HL087652, R01HL105756, R01HL103612, R01HL120393, R01HL085251, and R01HL130114 from the NHLBI with additional contribution from NINDS. Additional support was provided through R01AG023629 from the NIA. A full list of principal CHS investigators and institutions can be found at CHS-NHLBI.org. The provision of genotyping data was supported in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, CTSI grant UL1TR001881, and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease Diabetes Research Center grant DK063491 to the Southern California Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Rotterdam Study: The generation and management of GWAS genotype data for the Rotterdam Study is supported by the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research (NWO) Investments (no. 175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012). This study is funded by the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (014-93-015; RIDE2), the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/NWO project no. 050-060-810. The Rotterdam Study is funded by Erasmus MC Medical Center and Erasmus MC University, Rotterdam, Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE), the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports, the European Commission (DG XII), and the Municipality of Rotterdam. M.A.I. is supported by an NWO Veni grant (916.13.054). The 3-City Study: The 3-City Study is conducted under a partnership agreement among the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), the University of Bordeaux, and Sanofi-Aventis. The Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale funded the preparation and initiation of the study. The 3C Study is also supported by the Caisse Nationale Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés, Direction Générale de la Santé, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), Institut de la Longévité, Conseils Régionaux of Aquitaine and Bourgogne, Fondation de France, and Ministry of Research–INSERM Programme “Cohortes et collections de données biologiques.” C.T. and S.D. have received investigator-initiated research funding from the French National Research Agency (ANR) and from the Fondation Leducq. S.D. is supported by a starting grant from the European Research Council (SEGWAY), a grant from the Joint Programme of Neurodegenerative Disease research (BRIDGET), from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 643417 & No 640643, and by the Initiative of Excellence of Bordeaux University. Part of the computations were performed at the Bordeaux Bioinformatics Center (CBiB), University of Bordeaux. This work was supported by the National Foundation for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, the Institut Pasteur de Lille, the Labex DISTALZ, and the Centre National de Génotypage. ADGC: The Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium is supported by NIH. NIH-NIA supported this work through the following grants: ADGC, U01 AG032984, RC2 AG036528; NACC, U01 AG016976; NCRAD, U24 AG021886; NIA LOAD, U24 AG026395, U24 AG026390; Banner Sun Health Research Institute, P30 AG019610; Boston University, P30 AG013846, U01 AG10483, R01 CA129769, R01 MH080295, R01 AG017173, R01 AG025259, R01AG33193; Columbia University, P50 AG008702, R37 AG015473; Duke University, P30 AG028377, AG05128; Emory University, AG025688; Group Health Research Institute, UO1 AG06781, UO1 HG004610; Indiana University, P30 AG10133; Johns Hopkins University, P50 AG005146, R01 AG020688; Massachusetts General Hospital, P50 AG005134; Mayo Clinic, P50 AG016574; Mount Sinai School of Medicine, P50 AG005138, P01 AG002219; New York University, P30 AG08051, MO1RR00096, UL1 RR029893, 5R01AG012101, 5R01AG022374, 5R01AG013616, 1RC2AG036502, 1R01AG035137; Northwestern University, P30 AG013854; Oregon Health & Science University, P30 AG008017, R01 AG026916; Rush University, P30 AG010161, R01 AG019085, R01 AG15819, R01 AG17917, R01 AG30146; TGen, R01 NS059873; University of Alabama at Birmingham, P50 AG016582, UL1RR02777; University of Arizona, R01 AG031581; University of California, Davis, P30 AG010129; University of California, Irvine, P50 AG016573, P50, P50 AG016575, P50 AG016576, P50 AG016577; University of California, Los Angeles, P50 AG016570; University of California, San Diego, P50 AG005131; University of California, San Francisco, P50 AG023501, P01 AG019724; University of Kentucky, P30 AG028383, AG05144; University of Michigan, P50 AG008671; University of Pennsylvania, P30 AG010124; University of Pittsburgh, P50 AG005133, AG030653; University of Southern California, P50 AG005142; University of Texas Southwestern, P30 AG012300; University of Miami, R01 AG027944, AG010491, AG027944, AG021547, AG019757; University of Washington, P50 AG005136; Vanderbilt University, R01 AG019085; and Washington University, P50 AG005681, P01 AG03991. The Kathleen Price Bryan Brain Bank at Duke University Medical Center is funded by NINDS grant NS39764, NIMH MH60451, and by GlaxoSmithKline. Genotyping of the TGEN2 cohort was supported by Kronos Science. The TGen series was also funded by NIA grant AG041232, the Banner Alzheimer's Foundation, The Johnnie B. Byrd Sr. Alzheimer's Institute, the Medical Research Council, and the state of Arizona and also includes samples from the following sites: Newcastle Brain Tissue Resource (funding via the Medical Research Council [MRC], local NHS trusts, and Newcastle University), MRC London Brain Bank for Neurodegenerative Diseases (funding via the Medical Research Council), South West Dementia Brain Bank (funding via numerous sources including the Higher Education Funding Council for England [HEFCE], Alzheimer's Research Trust [ART], BRACE, as well as North Bristol NHS Trust Research and Innovation Department and DeNDRoN), The Netherlands Brain Bank (funding via numerous sources including Stichting MS Research, Brain Net Europe, Hersenstichting Nederland Breinbrekend Werk, International Parkinson Fonds, Internationale Stiching Alzheimer Onderzoek), Institut de Neuropatologia, Servei Anatomia Patologica, and Universitat de Barcelona). ADNI: Funding for ADNI is through the Northern California Institute for Research and Education by grants from Abbott, AstraZeneca AB, Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eisai Global Clinical Development, Elan Corporation, Genentech, GE Healthcare, GlaxoSmithKline, Innogenetics, Johnson & Johnson, Eli Lilly and Co., Medpace, Inc., Merck and Co., Inc., Novartis AG, Pfizer Inc, F. Hoffman-La Roche, Schering-Plough, Synarc, Inc., Alzheimer's Association, Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation, the Dana Foundation, and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering and NIA grants U01 AG024904, RC2 AG036535, and K01 AG030514. Support was also provided by the Alzheimer's Association (LAF, IIRG-08-89720; MAP-V, IIRG-05-14147) and the US Department of Veterans Affairs Administration, Office of Research and Development, Biomedical Laboratory Research Program. SiGN: Stroke Genetic Network (SiGN) was supported in part by award nos. U01NS069208 and R01NS100178 from NINDS. Genetics of Early-Onset Stroke (GEOS) Study was supported by the NIH Genes, Environment and Health Initiative (GEI) grant U01 HG004436, as part of the GENEVA consortium under GEI, with additional support provided by the Mid-Atlantic Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (P30 DK072488); and the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, and the Baltimore Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Genotyping services were provided by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), which is fully funded through a federal contract from the NIH to Johns Hopkins University (contract no. HHSN268200782096C). Assistance with data cleaning was provided by the GENEVA Coordinating Center (U01 HG 004446; PI Bruce S. Weir). Study recruitment and assembly of datasets were supported by a Cooperative Agreement with the Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and by grants from NINDS and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (R01 NS45012, U01 NS069208-01). METASTROKE: ASGC: Australian population control data were derived from the Hunter Community Study. This research was funded by grants from the Australian National and Medical Health Research Council (NHMRC Project Grant ID: 569257), the Australian National Heart Foundation (NHF Project Grant ID: G 04S 1623), the University of Newcastle, the Gladys M Brawn Fellowship scheme, and the Vincent Fairfax Family Foundation in Australia. E.G.H. was supported by a Fellowship from the NHF and National Stroke Foundation of Australia (ID: 100071). J.M. was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award. BRAINS: Bio-Repository of DNA in Stroke (BRAINS) is partly funded by a Senior Fellowship from the Department of Health (UK) to P.S., the Henry Smith Charity, and the UK-India Education Research Institutive (UKIERI) from the British Council. GEOS: Genetics of Early Onset Stroke (GEOS) Study, Baltimore, was supported by GEI Grant U01 HG004436, as part of the GENEVA consortium under GEI, with additional support provided by the Mid-Atlantic Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (P30 DK072488), and the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, and the Baltimore Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Genotyping services were provided by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), which is fully funded through a federal contract from the NIH to the Johns Hopkins University (contract no. HHSN268200782096C). Assistance with data cleaning was provided by the GENEVA Coordinating Center (U01 HG 004446; PI Bruce S. Weir). Study recruitment and assembly of datasets were supported by a Cooperative Agreement with the Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and by grants from NINDS and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (R01 NS45012, U01 NS069208-01). HPS: Heart Protection Study (HPS) (ISRCTN48489393) was supported by the UK MRC, British Heart Foundation, Merck and Co. (manufacturers of simvastatin), and Roche Vitamins Ltd. (manufacturers of vitamins). Genotyping was supported by a grant to Oxford University and CNG from Merck and Co. J.C.H. acknowledges support from the British Heart Foundation (FS/14/55/30806). ISGS: Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study (ISGS)/Siblings With Ischemic Stroke Study (SWISS) was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIA, NIH project Z01 AG-000954-06. ISGS/SWISS used samples and clinical data from the NIH-NINDS Human Genetics Resource Center DNA and Cell Line Repository (ccr.coriell.org/ninds), human subjects protocol nos. 2003-081 and 2004-147. ISGS/SWISS used stroke-free participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) as controls. The inclusion of BLSA samples was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIA, NIH project Z01 AG-000015-50, human subjects protocol no. 2003-078. The ISGS study was funded by NIH-NINDS Grant R01 NS-42733 (J.F.M.). The SWISS study was funded by NIH-NINDS Grant R01 NS-39987 (J.F.M.). This study used the high-performance computational capabilities of the Biowulf Linux cluster at the NIH (biowulf.nih.gov). MGH-GASROS: MGH Genes Affecting Stroke Risk and Outcome Study (MGH-GASROS) was supported by NINDS (U01 NS069208), the American Heart Association/Bugher Foundation Centers for Stroke Prevention Research 0775010N, the NIH and NHLBI's STAMPEED genomics research program (R01 HL087676), and a grant from the National Center for Research Resources. The Broad Institute Center for Genotyping and Analysis is supported by grant U54 RR020278 from the National Center for Research resources. Milan: Milano–Besta Stroke Register Collection and genotyping of the Milan cases within CEDIR were supported by the Italian Ministry of Health (grant nos.: RC 2007/LR6, RC 2008/LR6; RC 2009/LR8; RC 2010/LR8; GR-2011-02347041), FP6 LSHM-CT-2007-037273 for the PROCARDIS control samples. WTCCC2: Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2) was principally funded by the Wellcome Trust, as part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 project (085475/B/08/Z and 085475/Z/08/Z and WT084724MA). The Stroke Association provided additional support for collection of some of the St George's, London cases. The Oxford cases were collected as part of the Oxford Vascular Study, which is funded by the MRC, Stroke Association, Dunhill Medical Trust, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford. The Edinburgh Stroke Study was supported by the Wellcome Trust (clinician scientist award to C.L.M.S.) and the Binks Trust. Sample processing occurred in the Genetics Core Laboratory of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh. Much of the neuroimaging occurred in the Scottish Funding Council Brain Imaging Research Centre (https://www.ed.ac.uk/clinical-sciences/edinburgh-imaging), Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, a core area of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, and part of the SINAPSE (Scottish Imaging Network: A Platform for Scientific Excellence) collaboration (sinapse.ac.uk), funded by the Scottish Funding Council and the Chief Scientist Office. Collection of the Munich cases and data analysis was supported by the Vascular Dementia Research Foundation. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements no. 666881, SVDs@target (to M.D.) and no. 667375, CoSTREAM (to M.D.); the DFG as part of the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (EXC 1010 SyNergy) and the CRC 1123 (B3) (to M.D.); the Corona Foundation (to M.D.); the Fondation Leducq (Transatlantic Network of Excellence on the Pathogenesis of Small Vessel Disease of the Brain) (to M.D.); the e:Med program (e:AtheroSysMed) (to M.D.) and the FP7/2007-2103 European Union project CVgenes@target (grant agreement no. Health-F2-2013-601456) (to M.D.). M.F. and A.H. acknowledge support from the BHF Centre of Research Excellence in Oxford and the Wellcome Trust core award (090532/Z/09/Z). VISP: The GWAS component of the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) study was supported by the US National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), grant U01 HG005160 (PI Michèle Sale and Bradford Worrall), as part of the Genomics and Randomized Trials Network (GARNET). Genotyping services were provided by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), which is fully funded through a federal contract from the NIH to Johns Hopkins University. Assistance with data cleaning was provided by the GARNET Coordinating Center (U01 HG005157; PI Bruce S. Weir). Study recruitment and collection of datasets for the VISP clinical trial were supported by an investigator-initiated research grant (R01 NS34447; PI James Toole) from the US Public Health Service, NINDS, Bethesda, MD. Control data obtained through the database of genotypes and phenotypes (dbGAP) maintained and supported by the United States National Center for Biotechnology Information, US National Library of Medicine. WHI: Funding support for WHI-GARNET was provided through the NHGRI GARNET (grant no. U01 HG005152). Assistance with phenotype harmonization and genotype cleaning, as well as with general study coordination, was provided by the GARNET Coordinating Center (U01 HG005157). Funding support for genotyping, which was performed at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, was provided by the GEI (U01 HG004424). R.L. is a senior clinical investigator of FWO Flanders. F.W.A. is supported by a Dekker scholarship-Junior Staff Member 2014T001–Netherlands Heart Foundation and UCL Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre.
Published: 2019

7. Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences

Author: Linner, Richard Karlsson, Biroli, Pietro, Kong, Edward, Meddens, Fleur W., Wedow, Robbee, Fontana, Mark Alan, Lebreton, Mael, Tino, Stephen P., Abdellaoui, Abdel, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Nivard, Michel G., Okbay, Aysu, Rietveld, Cornelius A., Timshel, Pascal N., Trzaskowski, Maciej, de Vlaming, Ronald, Zund, Christian L., Bao, Yanchun, Buzdugan, Laura, Caplin, Ann H., Chen, Chia-Yen, Eibich, Peter, Fontanillas, Pierre, Gonzalez, Juan R., Joshi, Peter K., Karhunen, Ville, Kleinman, Aaron, Levin, Remy Z., Lill, Christina M., Meddens, Gerardus A., Muntane, Gerard, Sanchez-Roige, Sandra, van Rooij, Frank J., Taskesen, Erdogan, Wu, Yang, Zhang, Futao, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Furlotte, Nicholas A., Huber, Karen E., Litterman, Nadia K., McCreight, Jennifer C., McIntyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah, Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tian, Chao, Tung, Joyce Y., Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Agbessi, Mawusse, Ahsan, Habibul, Alves, Isabel, Andiappan, Anand, Awadalla, Philip, Battle, Alexis, Beutner, Frank, Bonder, Marc Jan, Boomsma, Dorret I., Christiansen, Mark, Claringbould, Annique, Deelen, Patrick, Esko, Tonu, Fave, Marie-Julie, Franke, Lude, Frayling, Timothy, Gharib, Sina A., Gibson, Gregory, Heijmans, Bastiaan, Hemani, Gibran, Jansen, Rick, Kahonen, Mika, Kalnapenkis, Anette, Kasela, Silva, Kettunen, Johannes, Kim, Yungil, Kirsten, Holger, Kovacs, Peter, Krohn, Knut, Kronberg-Guzman, Jaanika, Kukushkina, Viktorija, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lee, Bernett, Lehtimaki, Terho, Loeffler, Markus, Marigorta, Urko M., Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nauck, Matthias, Penninx, Brenda, Perola, Markus, Pervjakova, Natalia, Pierce, Brandon, Powell, Joseph, Prokisch, Holger, Psaty, Bruce M., Raitakari, Olli, Ring, Susan, Ripatti, Samuli, Rotzchke, Olaf, Rueger, Sina, Saha, Ashis, Scholz, Markus, Schramm, Katharina, Seppala, Ilkka, Stumvoll, Michael, Sullivan, Patrick, Hoen, Peter-Bramt, Teumer, Alexander, Thiery, Joachim, Tong, Lin, Tonjes, Anke, van Dongen, Jenny, van Meurs, Joyce, Verlouw, Joost, Visscher, Peter M., Voelker, Uwe, Vosa, Urmo, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yang, Jian, Zeng, Biao, Lee, James J., Pers, Tune H., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jonas, Baumbach, Clemens, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, Maria Pina, Derringer, Jaime, Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J., de Leeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., van der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Boerge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., St Pourcain, Beate, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bonnelykke, Klaus, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Panos, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldorsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Jarvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Mael P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Magi, Reedik, Maki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, McMahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Raikkonen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Voelzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johannes, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bertram, Lars, Bisgaard, Hans, Borecki, Ingrid B., Bultmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, J., Dedoussis, George V., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Joergen, Gratten, Jacob, Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Hinds, David A., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hypponen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jockel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., McGue, Matt, Pendleton, Neil, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sorensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Uitterlinden, Andre G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Smith, George Davey, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Johannesson, Magnus, Koellinger, Philipp D., Cesarini, David, Benjamin, Daniel J., Auton, Adam, Boardman, Jason D., Clark, David W., Conlin, Andrew, Dolan, Conor C., Fischbacher, Urs, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Hasler, Gregor, Hofman, Albert, Ikram, Mohammad A., Jain, Sonia, Karlsson, Robert, Kessler, Ronald C., Kooyman, Maarten, MacKillop, James, Mannikko, Minna, Morcillo-Suarez, Carlos, McQueen, Matthew B., Schmidt, Klaus M., Smart, Melissa C., Sutter, Matthias, White, Jon, de Wit, Harriet, Fehr, Ernst, Kumari, Meena, Laibson, David, Meyer, Michelle N., Navarro, Arcadi, Palmer, Abraham A., Schunk, Daniel, Stein, Murray B., Svento, Rauli, Timmers, Paul R. H. J., Ursano, Robert J., Wagner, Gert G., Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Linner, Richard Karlsson, Biroli, Pietro, Kong, Edward, Meddens, Fleur W., Wedow, Robbee, Fontana, Mark Alan, Lebreton, Mael, Tino, Stephen P., Abdellaoui, Abdel, Hammerschlag, Anke R., Nivard, Michel G., Okbay, Aysu, Rietveld, Cornelius A., Timshel, Pascal N., Trzaskowski, Maciej, de Vlaming, Ronald, Zund, Christian L., Bao, Yanchun, Buzdugan, Laura, Caplin, Ann H., Chen, Chia-Yen, Eibich, Peter, Fontanillas, Pierre, Gonzalez, Juan R., Joshi, Peter K., Karhunen, Ville, Kleinman, Aaron, Levin, Remy Z., Lill, Christina M., Meddens, Gerardus A., Muntane, Gerard, Sanchez-Roige, Sandra, van Rooij, Frank J., Taskesen, Erdogan, Wu, Yang, Zhang, Futao, Agee, Michelle, Alipanahi, Babak, Bell, Robert K., Bryc, Katarzyna, Elson, Sarah L., Furlotte, Nicholas A., Huber, Karen E., Litterman, Nadia K., McCreight, Jennifer C., McIntyre, Matthew H., Mountain, Joanna L., Northover, Carrie A. M., Pitts, Steven J., Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah, Sazonova, Olga V., Shelton, Janie F., Shringarpure, Suyash, Tian, Chao, Tung, Joyce Y., Vacic, Vladimir, Wilson, Catherine H., Agbessi, Mawusse, Ahsan, Habibul, Alves, Isabel, Andiappan, Anand, Awadalla, Philip, Battle, Alexis, Beutner, Frank, Bonder, Marc Jan, Boomsma, Dorret I., Christiansen, Mark, Claringbould, Annique, Deelen, Patrick, Esko, Tonu, Fave, Marie-Julie, Franke, Lude, Frayling, Timothy, Gharib, Sina A., Gibson, Gregory, Heijmans, Bastiaan, Hemani, Gibran, Jansen, Rick, Kahonen, Mika, Kalnapenkis, Anette, Kasela, Silva, Kettunen, Johannes, Kim, Yungil, Kirsten, Holger, Kovacs, Peter, Krohn, Knut, Kronberg-Guzman, Jaanika, Kukushkina, Viktorija, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lee, Bernett, Lehtimaki, Terho, Loeffler, Markus, Marigorta, Urko M., Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nauck, Matthias, Penninx, Brenda, Perola, Markus, Pervjakova, Natalia, Pierce, Brandon, Powell, Joseph, Prokisch, Holger, Psaty, Bruce M., Raitakari, Olli, Ring, Susan, Ripatti, Samuli, Rotzchke, Olaf, Rueger, Sina, Saha, Ashis, Scholz, Markus, Schramm, Katharina, Seppala, Ilkka, Stumvoll, Michael, Sullivan, Patrick, Hoen, Peter-Bramt, Teumer, Alexander, Thiery, Joachim, Tong, Lin, Tonjes, Anke, van Dongen, Jenny, van Meurs, Joyce, Verlouw, Joost, Visscher, Peter M., Voelker, Uwe, Vosa, Urmo, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yaghootkar, Hanieh, Yang, Jian, Zeng, Biao, Lee, James J., Pers, Tune H., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jonas, Baumbach, Clemens, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, Maria Pina, Derringer, Jaime, Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J., de Leeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., van der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Boerge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., St Pourcain, Beate, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bonnelykke, Klaus, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Panos, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldorsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Jarvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Mael P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Magi, Reedik, Maki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques-Vidal, Pedro, McMahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Raikkonen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Voelzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johannes, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bertram, Lars, Bisgaard, Hans, Borecki, Ingrid B., Bultmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, J., Dedoussis, George V., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Joergen, Gratten, Jacob, Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Hinds, David A., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hypponen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jockel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., McGue, Matt, Pendleton, Neil, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sorensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Uitterlinden, Andre G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Smith, George Davey, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Johannesson, Magnus, Koellinger, Philipp D., Cesarini, David, Benjamin, Daniel J., Auton, Adam, Boardman, Jason D., Clark, David W., Conlin, Andrew, Dolan, Conor C., Fischbacher, Urs, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Hasler, Gregor, Hofman, Albert, Ikram, Mohammad A., Jain, Sonia, Karlsson, Robert, Kessler, Ronald C., Kooyman, Maarten, MacKillop, James, Mannikko, Minna, Morcillo-Suarez, Carlos, McQueen, Matthew B., Schmidt, Klaus M., Smart, Melissa C., Sutter, Matthias, White, Jon, de Wit, Harriet, Fehr, Ernst, Kumari, Meena, Laibson, David, Meyer, Michelle N., Navarro, Arcadi, Palmer, Abraham A., Schunk, Daniel, Stein, Murray B., Svento, Rauli, Timmers, Paul R. H. J., Ursano, Robert J., Wagner, Gert G., and Beauchamp, Jonathan P.
Abstract: Humans vary substantially in their willingness to take risks. In a combined sample of over 1 million individuals, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of general risk tolerance, adventurousness, and risky behaviors in the driving, drinking, smoking, and sexual domains. Across all GWAS, we identified hundreds of associated loci, including 99 loci associated with general risk tolerance. We report evidence of substantial shared genetic influences across risk tolerance and the risky behaviors: 46 of the 99 general risk tolerance loci contain a lead SNP for at least one of our other GWAS, and general risk tolerance is genetically correlated (vertical bar(r) over cap (g)vertical bar similar to 0.25 to 0.50) with a range of risky behaviors. Bioinformatics analyses imply that genes near SNPs associated with general risk tolerance are highly expressed in brain tissues and point to a role for glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. We found no evidence of enrichment for genes previously hypothesized to relate to risk tolerance.
Published: 2019

8. Vitamin D and cognitive function:a Mendelian randomisation study

Author: Maddock, Jane, Zhou, Ang, Cavadino, Alana, Kuźma, Elżbieta, Bao, Yanchun, Smart, Melissa C., Saum, Kai-Uwe, Schöttker, Ben, Engmann, Jorgen, Kjærgaard, Marie, Karhunen, Ville, Zhan, Yiqiang, Lehtimäki, Terho, Rovio, Suvi P., Byberg, Liisa, Lahti, Jari, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Sen, Abhijit, Perna, Laura, Schirmer, Henrik, Singh-Manoux, Archana, Auvinen, Juha, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Kähönen, Mika, Kilander, Lena, Räikkönen, Katri, Melhus, Håkan, Ingelsson, Erik, Guessous, Idris, Petrovic, Katja E, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Vollenweider, Peter, Lind, Lars, Eriksson, Johan G., Michaëlsson, Karl, Raitakari, Olli T., Hägg, Sara, Pedersen, Nancy L., Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Veijola, Juha, Kivimaki, Mika, Jorde, Rolf, Brenner, Hermann, Kumari, Meena, Power, Chris, Llewellyn, David J., Hyppönen, Elina, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Medicum, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Department of Public Health, and Developmental Psychology Research Group
Subjects: Male, D SUPPLEMENTATION, Medicin och hälsovetenskap, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, DETERMINANTS, Medical and Health Sciences, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, RECOMMENDATIONS, Article, Cohort Studies, D DEFICIENCY, Cognition, Humans, risk factors, Aged, Cognition/physiology, Female, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives, Vitamin D/blood, Vitamin D/physiology, Vitamins/physiology, Vitamin D, lcsh:Science, METAANALYSIS, Science & Technology, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750, DEMENTIA, lcsh:R, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750, ASSOCIATION, Vitamins, PERFORMANCE, IMPAIRMENT, Multidisciplinary Sciences, MICE, Risk factors, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Science & Technology - Other Topics, lcsh:Q, epidemiology
Abstract: The causal nature of the association between hypovitaminosis D and poor cognitive function in mid- to later-life is uncertain. Using a Mendelian randomisation(MR) approach, we examined the causal relationship between 25(OH)D and cognitive function. Data came from 172,349 participants from 17 cohorts. DHCR7(rs12785878), CYP2R1 rs12794714) and their combined synthesis score were chosen to proxy 25(OH)D. Cognitive tests were standardised into global and memory scores. Analyses were stratified by 25(OH)D tertiles, sex and age. Random effects meta-analyses assessed associations between 25(OH)D and cognitive function. Associations of serum 25(OH)D with global and memory-related cognitive function were non-linear (lower cognitive scores for both low and high 25(OH)D, pcurvature ≤ 0.006), with much of the curvature attributed to a single study. DHCR7, CYP2R1, and the synthesis score were associated with small reductions in 25(OH)D per vitamin D-decreasing allele. However, coefficients for associations with global or memory-related cognitive function were non-significant and in opposing directions for DHCR7 and CYP2R1, with no overall association observed for the synthesis score. Coefficients for the synthesis score and global and memory cognition were similar when stratified by 25(OH)D tertiles, sex and age. We found no evidence for serum 25(OH)D concentration as a causal factor for cognitive performance in mid- to later life. © The Author(s) 2017. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Published: 2017

9. Vitamin D and cognitive function : A Mendelian randomisation study.

Author: Maddock, Jane, Zhou, Ang, Cavadino, Alana, Kuźma, Elżbieta, Bao, Yanchun, Smart, Melissa C, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Schöttker, Ben, Engmann, Jorgen, Kjærgaard, Marie, Karhunen, Ville, Zhan, Yiqiang, Lehtimäki, Terho, Rovio, Suvi P, Byberg, Liisa, Lahti, Jari, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Sen, Abhijit, Perna, Laura, Schirmer, Henrik, Singh-Manoux, Archana, Auvinen, Juha, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Kähönen, Mika, Kilander, Lena, Räikkönen, Katri, Melhus, Håkan, Ingelsson, Erik, Guessous, Idris, Petrovic, Katja E, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Vollenweider, Peter, Lind, Lars, Eriksson, Johan G, Michaëlsson, Karl, Raitakari, Olli T, Hägg, Sara, Pedersen, Nancy L, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Veijola, Juha, Kivimaki, Mika, Jorde, Rolf, Brenner, Hermann, Kumari, Meena, Power, Chris, Llewellyn, David J, Hyppönen, Elina, Maddock, Jane, Zhou, Ang, Cavadino, Alana, Kuźma, Elżbieta, Bao, Yanchun, Smart, Melissa C, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Schöttker, Ben, Engmann, Jorgen, Kjærgaard, Marie, Karhunen, Ville, Zhan, Yiqiang, Lehtimäki, Terho, Rovio, Suvi P, Byberg, Liisa, Lahti, Jari, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Sen, Abhijit, Perna, Laura, Schirmer, Henrik, Singh-Manoux, Archana, Auvinen, Juha, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, Kähönen, Mika, Kilander, Lena, Räikkönen, Katri, Melhus, Håkan, Ingelsson, Erik, Guessous, Idris, Petrovic, Katja E, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Vollenweider, Peter, Lind, Lars, Eriksson, Johan G, Michaëlsson, Karl, Raitakari, Olli T, Hägg, Sara, Pedersen, Nancy L, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Veijola, Juha, Kivimaki, Mika, Jorde, Rolf, Brenner, Hermann, Kumari, Meena, Power, Chris, Llewellyn, David J, and Hyppönen, Elina
Abstract: The causal nature of the association between hypovitaminosis D and poor cognitive function in mid- to later-life is uncertain. Using a Mendelian randomisation(MR) approach, we examined the causal relationship between 25(OH)D and cognitive function. Data came from 172,349 participants from 17 cohorts. DHCR7(rs12785878), CYP2R1 rs12794714) and their combined synthesis score were chosen to proxy 25(OH)D. Cognitive tests were standardised into global and memory scores. Analyses were stratified by 25(OH)D tertiles, sex and age. Random effects meta-analyses assessed associations between 25(OH)D and cognitive function. Associations of serum 25(OH)D with global and memory-related cognitive function were non-linear (lower cognitive scores for both low and high 25(OH)D, p curvature ≤ 0.006), with much of the curvature attributed to a single study. DHCR7, CYP2R1, and the synthesis score were associated with small reductions in 25(OH)D per vitamin D-decreasing allele. However, coefficients for associations with global or memory-related cognitive function were non-significant and in opposing directions for DHCR7 and CYP2R1, with no overall association observed for the synthesis score. Coefficients for the synthesis score and global and memory cognition were similar when stratified by 25(OH)D tertiles, sex and age. We found no evidence for serum 25(OH)D concentration as a causal factor for cognitive performance in mid- to later life.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Vitamin D and cognitive function: A Mendelian randomisation study

Author: Maddock, Jane, primary, Zhou, Ang, additional, Cavadino, Alana, additional, Kuźma, Elżbieta, additional, Bao, Yanchun, additional, Smart, Melissa C., additional, Saum, Kai-Uwe, additional, Schöttker, Ben, additional, Engmann, Jorgen, additional, Kjærgaard, Marie, additional, Karhunen, Ville, additional, Zhan, Yiqiang, additional, Lehtimäki, Terho, additional, Rovio, Suvi P., additional, Byberg, Liisa, additional, Lahti, Jari, additional, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, additional, Sen, Abhijit, additional, Perna, Laura, additional, Schirmer, Henrik, additional, Singh-Manoux, Archana, additional, Auvinen, Juha, additional, Hutri-Kähönen, Nina, additional, Kähönen, Mika, additional, Kilander, Lena, additional, Räikkönen, Katri, additional, Melhus, Håkan, additional, Ingelsson, Erik, additional, Guessous, Idris, additional, Petrovic, Katja E, additional, Schmidt, Helena, additional, Schmidt, Reinhold, additional, Vollenweider, Peter, additional, Lind, Lars, additional, Eriksson, Johan G., additional, Michaëlsson, Karl, additional, Raitakari, Olli T., additional, Hägg, Sara, additional, Pedersen, Nancy L., additional, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, additional, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, additional, Veijola, Juha, additional, Kivimaki, Mika, additional, Jorde, Rolf, additional, Brenner, Hermann, additional, Kumari, Meena, additional, Power, Chris, additional, Llewellyn, David J., additional, and Hyppönen, Elina, additional
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. The association between lower educational attainment and depression owing to shared genetic effects? Results in ∼25 000 subjects: Results in ~25,000 subjects

Author: Peyrot, W. J., Lee, S. H., Milaneschi, Y., Abdellaoui, A., Byrne, E. M., Esko, T., de Geus, E. J. C., Hemani, G., Hottenga, J. J., Kloiber, S., Levinson, D. F., Lucae, S., Martin, N. G., Medland, S. E., Metspalu, A., Milani, L., Noethen, M. M., Potash, J. B., Rietschel, M., Rietveld, C. A., Ripke, S., Shi, J., Willemsen, G., Zhu, Z., Boomsma, D. I., Wray, N. R., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Lewis, C. M., Hamilton, S. P., Weissman, M. M., Breen, G., Blackwood, D. H., Cichon, S., Heath, A. C., Holsboer, F., Madden, Pamela A., McGuffin, P., Muglia, P., Pergadia, M. L., Lin, D., Müller-Myhsok, B., Steinberg, S., Grabe, H. J., Lichtenstein, P., Magnusson, P., Perlis, R. H., Preisig, M., Smoller, J. W., Stefansson, K., Uher, R., Kutalik, Z., Tansey, K. E., Teumer, A., Viktorin, A., Barnes, M. R., Bettecken, T., Binder, E. B., Breuer, R., Castro, V. M., Churchill, S. E., Coryell, W. H., Craddock, N., Craig, I. W., Czamara, D., Degenhardt, F., Farmer, A. E., Fava, M., Frank, J., Gainer, V. S., Gallagher, P. J., Gordon, S. D., Goryachev, S., Gross, M., Guipponi, M., Henders, A. K., Herms, S., Hickie, I. B., Hoefels, S., Hoogendijk, W., Iosifescu, D. V., Ising, M., Jones, I., Jones, L., Jung-Ying, T., Knowles, J. A., Kohane, I. S., Kohli, M. A., Korszun, A., Landen, M., Lawson, W. B., Lewis, G., Macintyre, D., Maier, W., Mattheisen, M., McGrath, P. J., McIntosh, A., McLean, A., Middeldorp, C. M., Middleton, L., Montgomery, G. M., Murphy, S. N., Nauck, M., Nolen, W. A., Nyholt, Dale R., O'Donovan, M., Oskarsson, H., Pedersen, N., Scheftner, W. A., Schulz, A., Schulze, T. G., Shyn, S. I., Sigurdsson, E., Slager, S. L., Smit, J. H., Stefansson, H., Steffens, M., Thorgeirsson, T., Tozzi, F., Treutlein, J., Uhr, M., van den Oord, E. J., van Grootheest, G., Völzke, H., Weilburg, J. B., Zitman, F. G., Neale, B., Daly, M., Sullivan, P. F., Agrawal, Arpana, Albrecht, Eva, Z Alizadeh, Behrooz, Allik, J. ri, Amin, Najaf, Attia, John R., Bandinelli, Stefania, Barnard, John, Bastardot, Franois, e Baumeister, Sebastian, Beauchamp, Jonathan, Benjamin, Daniel J., Benke, Kelly S., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bielak, Lawrence F., Bierut, Laura J., Boatman, Jeffrey A., Boyle, Patricia A., Bültmann, Ute, Campbell, Harry, Cesarini, David, Chabris, Christopher F., Cherkas, Lynn, Chung, Mina K., Conley, Dalton, Cucca, Francesco, Davey-Smith, George, Davies, Gail, de Andrade, Mariza, de Jager, Philip L., de Leeuw, Christiaan, de Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., Deloukas, Panos, Derringer, Jaime, Dimitriou, Maria, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Eklund, Niina, Elderson, Martin F., Eriksson, Johan G., Evans, Daniel S., Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Fehrmann, Rudolf, Ferrucci, Luigi, Fischer, Krista, Franke, Lude, Garcia, Melissa E., Gieger, Christian, Gjessing, Hkon K., Groenen, Patrick J. F., Grönberg, Henrik, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hägg, Sara, Hall, Per, Harris, Jennifer R., Harris, Juliette M., Harris, Tamara B., Hastie, Nicholas D., Hayward, Caroline, Hernandez, Dena G., Hoffmann, Wolgang, Hofman, Adriaan, Hofman, Albert, Holle, Rolf, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Holzapfel, Christina, Iacono, William G., Ibrahim-Verbaas, Carla A., Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jhun, Min A., Johannesson, Magnus, Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika, Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kaprio, Jaakkko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Karjalainen, Juha, Kirkpatrick, Robert M., Koellinger, Philipp D., Kolcic, Ivana, Kowgier, Matthew, Kristiansson, Kati, Krueger, Robert F., Kutalik, Z. ltan, Lahti, Jari, Laibson, David, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lawlor, Debbie A., Lethimäki, Terho, Li, Jingmei, Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter K., Liewald, David C., Lin, Peng, Lind, Penelope A., Liu, Yongmei, Lohman, Kurt, Loitfelder, Marisa, Magnusson, Patrick K. E., Mäkinen, Tomi E., Vidal, Pedro Marques, Martin, Nicolas W., Masala, Marco, McGue, Matt, McMahon, George, Meirelles, Osorio, Meyer, Michelle N., Mielck, Andreas, Miller, Michael B., Montgomery, Grant W., Mukherjee, Sutapa, Myhre, Ronny, Nuotio, Marja-Liisa, J Oldmeadow, Christopher, Oostra, Ben A., Palmer, Lyle J., Palotie, Aarno, Perola, Markus, Petrovic, Katja E., Peyser, Patricia A., Polašek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Preisig, Martin, Quaye, Lydia, Räikkönen, Katri, Raitakari, Olli T., Realo, Anu, Reinmaa, Eva, Rice, John P., Ring, Susan M., Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rizzi, Thais S., Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Scott, Rodney J., Shakhbazov, Konstantin, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Jennifer A., Snieder, Harold, St Pourcain, Beate, Starr, John M., Sul, Jae Hoon, Surakka, Ida, Svento, Rauli, Tanaka, Toshiko, Terracciano, Antonio, Teumer, Alexander, Thurik, A. Roy, Tiemeier, Henning, Timpson, Nicholas J., Uitterlinden, André G., van der Loos, Matthijs J. H. M., van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Rooij, Frank J. A., van Wagoner, David R., Vartiainen, Erkki, Viikari, Jorma, Visscher, Peter M., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter K., Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Waeber, G. rard, Weir, David R., Wellmann, J. rgen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Wichmann, H. Erich, Widen, Elisabeth, Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Yang, Jian, Yu, Lei, Zhao, Wei, and Academic Medical Center
Subjects: Adult, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Likelihood Functions, Genotype, Estonia/epidemiology, Netherlands/epidemiology, Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Cohort Studies, Odds Ratio, Educational Status, Humans, Regression Analysis, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Association Studies, Aged
Abstract: An association between lower educational attainment (EA) and an increased risk for depression has been confirmed in various western countries. This study examines whether pleiotropic genetic effects contribute to this association. Therefore, data were analyzed from a total of 9662 major depressive disorder (MDD) cases and 14 949 controls (with no lifetime MDD diagnosis) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium with additional Dutch and Estonian data. The association of EA and MDD was assessed with logistic regression in 15 138 individuals indicating a significantly negative association in our sample with an odds ratio for MDD 0.78 (0.75-0.82) per standard deviation increase in EA. With data of 884 105 autosomal common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), three methods were applied to test for pleiotropy between MDD and EA: (i) genetic profile risk scores (GPRS) derived from training data for EA (independent meta-analysis on ∼120 000 subjects) and MDD (using a 10-fold leave-one-out procedure in the current sample), (ii) bivariate genomic-relationship-matrix restricted maximum likelihood (GREML) and (iii) SNP effect concordance analysis (SECA). With these methods, we found (i) that the EA-GPRS did not predict MDD status, and MDD-GPRS did not predict EA, (ii) a weak negative genetic correlation with bivariate GREML analyses, but this correlation was not consistently significant, (iii) no evidence for concordance of MDD and EA SNP effects with SECA analysis. To conclude, our study confirms an association of lower EA and MDD risk, but this association was not because of measurable pleiotropic genetic effects, which suggests that environmental factors could be involved, for example, socioeconomic status.
Published: 2015

12. GWAS of 126,559 Individuals Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Educational Attainment

Author: Rietveld, Cornelius A., Medland, Sarah E., Derringer, Jaime, Yang, Jian, Esko, Tonu, Martin, Nicolas W., Westra, Harm-Jan, Shakhbazov, Konstantin, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Agrawal, Arpana, Albrecht, Eva, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bamard, John, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Benke, Kelly S., Bielak, Lawrence F., Boatman, Jeffrey A., Boyle, Patricia A., Davies, Gail, De Leeuw, Christiaan, Eklund, Niina, Evans, Daniel S., Ferhmann, Rudolf, Fischer, Krista, Gieger, Christian, Gjessing, Hakon K., Hägg, Sara, Harris, Jennifer R., Hayward, Caroline, Holzapfel, Christina, Ibrahim-Verbaas, Carla A., Ingelsson, Erik, Jacobsson, Bo, Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Karjalainen, Juha, Kolcic, Ivana, Kristiansson, Kati, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lahti, Jari, Lee, Sang H., Lin, Peng, Lind, Penelope A., Liu, Yongmei, Lohman, Kurt, Loitfelder, Marisa, McMahon, George, Vidal, Pedro Marques, Meirelles, Osorio, Milani, Lili, Myhre, Ronny, Nuotio, Marja-Liisa, Oldmeadow, Christopher J., Petrovic, Katja E., Peyrot, Wouter J., Polasek, Ozren, Quaye, Lydia, Reinmaa, Eva, Rice, John P., Rizzi, Thais S., Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Jennifer A., Tanaka, Toshiko, Terracciano, Antonio, van der Loos, Matthijs J. H. M., Vitart, Veronique, Voelzke, Henry, Wellmann, Juergen, Yu, Lei, Zhao, Wei, Allik, Jueri, Attia, John R., Bandinelli, Stefania, Bastardot, Franois, Beauchamp, Jonathan, Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bierut, Laura J., Boomsma, Dorret I., Bueltmann, Ute, Campbell, Harry, Chabris, Christopher F., Cherkas, Lynn, Chung, Mina K., Cucca, Francesco, de Andrade, Mariza, De Jager, Philip L., De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., Deloukas, Panos, Dimitriou, Maria, Eiriksdottir, Guony, Elderson, Martin F., Eriksson, Johan G., Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Ferrucci, Luigi, Garcia, Melissa E., Groenberg, Henrik, Guonason, Vilmundur, Hall, Per, Harris, Juliette M., Harris, Tamara B., Hastie, Nicholas D., Heath, Andrew C., Hernandez, Dena G., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hofman, Adriaan, Holle, Rolf, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Iacono, William G., Illig, Thomas, Jaervelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kaehoenen, Mika, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kirkpatrick, Robert M., Kowgier, Matthew, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lawlor, Debbie A., Lehtimaeki, Terho, Li, Jingmei, Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C., Madden, Pamela A., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Maekinen, Tomi E., Masala, Marco, McGue, Matt, Metspalu, Andres, Mielck, Andreas, Miller, Michael B., Montgomery, Grant W., Mukherjee, Sutapa, Nyholt, Dale R., Oostra, Ben A., Palmer, Lyle J., Palotie, Aarno, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Markus, Peyser, Patricia A., Preisig, Martin, Raeikkoenen, Katri, Raitakari, Olli T., Realo, Anu, Ring, Susan M., Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schlessinger, David, Scott, Rodney J., Snieder, Harold, St Pourcain, Beate, Starr, John M., Sul, Jae Hoon, Surakka, Ida, Svento, Rauli, Teumer, Alexander, Tiemeier, Henning, van Rooij, Frank J. A., Van Wagoner, David R., Vartiainen, Erkki, Viikari, Jorma, Vollenweider, Peter, Vonk, Judith M., Waeber, Gerard, Weir, David R., Wichmann, H. -Erich, Widen, Elisabeth, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton, Davey-Smith, George, Franke, Lude, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Hofman, Albert, Johannesson, Magnus, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Krueger, Robert F., Laibson, David, Martin, Nicholas G., Meyer, Michelle N., Posthuma, Danielle, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Uitterlinden, Andre G., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Visscher, Peter M., Benjamin, Daniel J., Cesarini, David, Koellinger, Philipp D., Rietveld, Cornelius A., Medland, Sarah E., Derringer, Jaime, Yang, Jian, Esko, Tonu, Martin, Nicolas W., Westra, Harm-Jan, Shakhbazov, Konstantin, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Agrawal, Arpana, Albrecht, Eva, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bamard, John, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Benke, Kelly S., Bielak, Lawrence F., Boatman, Jeffrey A., Boyle, Patricia A., Davies, Gail, De Leeuw, Christiaan, Eklund, Niina, Evans, Daniel S., Ferhmann, Rudolf, Fischer, Krista, Gieger, Christian, Gjessing, Hakon K., Hägg, Sara, Harris, Jennifer R., Hayward, Caroline, Holzapfel, Christina, Ibrahim-Verbaas, Carla A., Ingelsson, Erik, Jacobsson, Bo, Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Karjalainen, Juha, Kolcic, Ivana, Kristiansson, Kati, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lahti, Jari, Lee, Sang H., Lin, Peng, Lind, Penelope A., Liu, Yongmei, Lohman, Kurt, Loitfelder, Marisa, McMahon, George, Vidal, Pedro Marques, Meirelles, Osorio, Milani, Lili, Myhre, Ronny, Nuotio, Marja-Liisa, Oldmeadow, Christopher J., Petrovic, Katja E., Peyrot, Wouter J., Polasek, Ozren, Quaye, Lydia, Reinmaa, Eva, Rice, John P., Rizzi, Thais S., Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Jennifer A., Tanaka, Toshiko, Terracciano, Antonio, van der Loos, Matthijs J. H. M., Vitart, Veronique, Voelzke, Henry, Wellmann, Juergen, Yu, Lei, Zhao, Wei, Allik, Jueri, Attia, John R., Bandinelli, Stefania, Bastardot, Franois, Beauchamp, Jonathan, Bennett, David A., Berger, Klaus, Bierut, Laura J., Boomsma, Dorret I., Bueltmann, Ute, Campbell, Harry, Chabris, Christopher F., Cherkas, Lynn, Chung, Mina K., Cucca, Francesco, de Andrade, Mariza, De Jager, Philip L., De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., Deloukas, Panos, Dimitriou, Maria, Eiriksdottir, Guony, Elderson, Martin F., Eriksson, Johan G., Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Ferrucci, Luigi, Garcia, Melissa E., Groenberg, Henrik, Guonason, Vilmundur, Hall, Per, Harris, Juliette M., Harris, Tamara B., Hastie, Nicholas D., Heath, Andrew C., Hernandez, Dena G., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hofman, Adriaan, Holle, Rolf, Holliday, Elizabeth G., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Iacono, William G., Illig, Thomas, Jaervelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kaehoenen, Mika, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kirkpatrick, Robert M., Kowgier, Matthew, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lawlor, Debbie A., Lehtimaeki, Terho, Li, Jingmei, Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C., Madden, Pamela A., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Maekinen, Tomi E., Masala, Marco, McGue, Matt, Metspalu, Andres, Mielck, Andreas, Miller, Michael B., Montgomery, Grant W., Mukherjee, Sutapa, Nyholt, Dale R., Oostra, Ben A., Palmer, Lyle J., Palotie, Aarno, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Markus, Peyser, Patricia A., Preisig, Martin, Raeikkoenen, Katri, Raitakari, Olli T., Realo, Anu, Ring, Susan M., Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schlessinger, David, Scott, Rodney J., Snieder, Harold, St Pourcain, Beate, Starr, John M., Sul, Jae Hoon, Surakka, Ida, Svento, Rauli, Teumer, Alexander, Tiemeier, Henning, van Rooij, Frank J. A., Van Wagoner, David R., Vartiainen, Erkki, Viikari, Jorma, Vollenweider, Peter, Vonk, Judith M., Waeber, Gerard, Weir, David R., Wichmann, H. -Erich, Widen, Elisabeth, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton, Davey-Smith, George, Franke, Lude, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Hofman, Albert, Johannesson, Magnus, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Krueger, Robert F., Laibson, David, Martin, Nicholas G., Meyer, Michelle N., Posthuma, Danielle, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Uitterlinden, Andre G., van Duijn, Cornelia M., Visscher, Peter M., Benjamin, Daniel J., Cesarini, David, and Koellinger, Philipp D.
Abstract: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of educational attainment was conducted in a discovery sample of 101,069 individuals and a replication sample of 25,490. Three independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are genome-wide significant (rs9320913, rs11584700, rs4851266), and all three replicate. Estimated effects sizes are small (coefficient of determination R-2 approximate to 0.02%), approximately 1 month of schooling per allele. A linear polygenic score from all measured SNPs accounts for approximate to 2% of the variance in both educational attainment and cognitive function. Genes in the region of the loci have previously been associated with health, cognitive, and central nervous system phenotypes, and bioinformatics analyses suggest the involvement of the anterior caudate nucleus. These findings provide promising candidate SNPs for follow-up work, and our effect size estimates can anchor power analyses in social-science genetics.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment

Author: K. Petrovic, Massimo Mangino, Daniele Cusi, Ozren Polasek, Rodney J. Scott, Yong Qian, Aysu Okbay, Jari Lahti, Bjarni Gunnarsson, George McMahon, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Thomas Meitinger, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Mika Kähönen, Martin Kroh, Ian J. Deary, Neil Pendleton, Pamela A. F. Madden, David J. Porteous, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Sven Oskarsson, Edith Hofer, Robert F. Krueger, Olga Rostapshova, Georg Homuth, Paolo Gasparini, Aldo Rustichini, Sarah E. Medland, Christian Gieger, Veronique Vitart, Nicholas J. Timpson, George Dedoussis, Joseph K. Pickrell, Christopher Oldmeadow, Aldi T. Kraja, Johan G. Eriksson, Lydia Quaye, William G. Iacono, Danielle Posthuma, George Davey Smith, Karl-Oskar Lindgren, David C. Liewald, Pim van der Harst, Börge Schmidt, Christine Power, Francesco P. Cappuccio, Francesco Cucca, Simona Vaccargiu, Joyce Y. Tung, Aarno Palotie, Natalia Pervjakova, Jonas Bacelis, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Helena Schmidt, Kari Stefansson, Tamara B. Harris, Momoko Horikoshi, Lude Franke, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Ingrid B. Borecki, William E R Ollier, Johannes Waage, Andreas J. Forstner, Caroline Hayward, Penelope A. Lind, Patricia A. Boyle, Kadri Kaasik, Jian Yang, Gerardus A. Meddens, Antti Latvala, John Attia, Pascal Timshel, Vilmundur Gudnason, Maël Lebreton, Valur Emilsson, James F. Wilson, Jonathan Marten, Ute Bültmann, Erika Salvi, Olli T. Raitakari, Peter M. Visscher, Niek Verweij, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Cristina Venturini, Lili Milani, Tessel E. Galesloot, Kevin Thom, Klaus Berger, Paul Lichtenstein, Tian Liu, Philipp Koellinger, Riccardo E. Marioni, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Clemens Baumbach, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Magnus Johannesson, Susan M. Ring, David A. Bennett, Anu Loukola, Hans-Jörgen Grabe, Jan A. Staessen, Igor Rudan, Ginevra Biino, Nicholas G. Martin, Jingyun Yang, Anna A. E. Vinkhuyzen, Katri Räikkönen, Zhihong Zhu, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Mary F. Feitosa, Ivana Kolcic, Alexander Teumer, Jaakko Kaprio, David Schlessinger, Katharina E. Schraut, Konstantin Strauch, Ilja Demuth, Albert V. Smith, Juergen Wellmann, Jennifer E. Huffman, Panos Deloukas, Mario Pirastu, Reedik Mägi, Maria Pina Concas, Jaime Derringer, Patrick J. F. Groenen, Henry Völzke, Wei Zhao, Abdel Abdellaoui, Andres Metspalu, Nicholas A. Furlotte, Christopher P. Nelson, Barbara Franke, Steven F. Lehrer, Patrick Turley, Tõnu Esko, Jun Ding, Pedro Marques-Vidal, S. Fleur W. Meddens, Zoltán Kutalik, Gonneke Willemsen, Andrew C. Heath, Michelle N. Meyer, James J. Lee, Roy Thurik, Antonietta Robino, Henning Tiemeier, Grant W. Montgomery, C. deLeeuw, Astanand Jugessur, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Veikko Salomaa, Dalton Conley, Tim D. Spector, Sebastian E. Baumeister, Gyda Bjornsdottir, Lavinia Paternoster, Tune H. Pers, Jacob Gratten, Martin D. Tobin, Daniel J. Benjamin, Douglas F. Levinson, Stavroula Kanoni, Elina Hyppönen, David R. Weir, Peter J. van der Most, Terho Lehtimäki, David A. Hinds, Pablo V. Gejman, Uwe Völker, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Bjarni V. Halldorsson, Markus Perola, Nicola Pirastu, Klaus Bønnelykke, Robert Karlsson, David Cesarini, Michael A. Province, Jianxin Shi, Najaf Amin, Dale R. Nyholt, Lenore J. Launer, Nilesh J. Samani, Sven J. van der Lee, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harry Campbell, Peter Vollenweider, Liisa Keltigangas-Jarvinen, David Laibson, Ronald de Vlaming, Lynne J. Hocking, Christopher F. Chabris, Blair H. Smith, Gail Davies, Niina Eklund, Ioanna P. Kalafati, Bo Jacobsson, Sheila Ulivi, Alan F. Wright, Sarah E. Harris, Mark Alan Fontana, Diego Vozzi, Tomi Mäki-Opas, Albert Hofman, Hans Bisgaard, Andrew Bakshi, Marika Kaakinen, Johannes H. Brandsma, Christa Meisinger, Ilaria Gandin, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Jennifer A. Smith, Beate St Pourcain, Rico Rueedi, Lewin Eisele, Michael B. Miller, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Alan R. Sanders, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, André G. Uitterlinden, Cornelius A. Rietveld, Peter Lichtner, Dragana Vuckovic, Giorgia Girotto, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Reinhold Schmidt, Raymond A. Poot, Judith M. Vonk, Antony Payton, Wouter J. Peyrot, Augustine Kong, Y. Milaneschi, Jessica D. Faul, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Antonio Terracciano, David M. Evans, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Peter K. Joshi, Michael A. Horan, Matt McGue, Richa Gupta, Jonathan P. Beauchamp, Peter Eibich, Erin B. Ware, Lars Bertram, Philip L. De Jager, Nancy L. Pedersen, Ronny Myhre, Guo-Bo Chen, Harm-Jan Westra, Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Evelin Mihailov, Leanne M. Hall, Seppo Koskinen, Rush University Medical Center [Chicago], Department of Epidemiology [Rotterdam], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), University of Queensland [Brisbane], Erasmus University Rotterdam, Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Montpellier Research in Management (MRM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Groupe Sup de Co Montpellier (GSCM) - Montpellier Business School-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of Bristol [Bristol], Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Medical University Graz, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), King‘s College London, Tampere University Hospital, University of Turku, AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Edinburgh, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Imperial College London, Reykjavík University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university [Nijmegen], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Health Sciences [Leicester], University of Leicester, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Dpt of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine [Maastricht], Maastricht University [Maastricht], Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), IT University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Groupe Sup de Co Montpellier (GSCM) - Montpellier Business School-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde, Microeconomics (ASE, FEB), LifeLines Cohort Study, Alizadeh, BZ., de Boer, RA., Boezen, HM., Bruinenberg, M., Franke, L., van der Harst, P., Hillege, HL., van der Klauw, MM., Navis, G., Ormel, J., Postma, DS., Rosmalen, JG., Slaets, JP., Snieder, H., Stolk, RP., Wolffenbuttel, BH., Wijmenga, C., Applied Economics, Cell biology, Epidemiology, Erasmus MC other, Econometrics, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Psychiatry, Internal Medicine, EMGO+ - Mental Health, Complex Trait Genetics, Biological Psychology, Functional Genomics, Economics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Public Health Research (PHR), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Okbay, Aysu, Beauchamp, Jonathan P., Fontana, Mark Alan, Lee, James J., Pers, Tune H., Rietveld, Cornelius A., Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S. Fleur W., Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K., Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, De Vlaming, Ronald, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Bacelis, Jona, Baumbach, Clemen, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H., Concas, MARIA PINA, Derringer, Jaime, Furlotte, Nicholas A., Galesloot, Tessel E., Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M., Harris, Sarah E., Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E., Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P., Karlsson, Robert, Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, Van Der Lee, Sven J., Deleeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A., Lindgren, Karl Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B., Van Der Most, Peter J., Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Pervjakova, Natalia, Peyrot, Wouter J., Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E., Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V., Poot, Raymond A., St Pourcain, Beate, Teumer, Alexander, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm Jan, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z., Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E., Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klau, Boyle, Patricia A., Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P., Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan Emmanuel, Deloukas, Pano, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eibich, Peter, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M., Faul, Jessica D., Feitosa, Mary F., Forstner, Andreas J., Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V., Harris, Tamara B., Holliday, Elizabeth G., Heath, Andrew C., Hocking, Lynne J., Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A., Hottenga, Jouke Jan, De Jager, Philip L., Joshi, Peter K., Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A., Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M., Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T., Kroh, Martin, Kutalik, Zoltan, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J., Lebreton, Maël P., Levinson, Douglas F., Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C. M., Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A., Mägi, Reedik, Mäki Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E., Marques Vidal, Pedro, Meddens, Gerardus A., Mcmahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thoma, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W., Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P., Nyholt, Dale R., Ollier, William E. R., Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L., Petrovic, Katja E., Porteous, David J., Raïkkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M., Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R., Sarin, Antti Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J., Smith, Blair H., Smith, Jennifer A., Staessen, Jan A., Steinhagen Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D., Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, Van Rooij, Frank J. A., Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M., Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johanne, Ware, Erin B., Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R., Bennett, David A., Berger, Klau, Bertram, Lar, Bisgaard, Han, Boomsma, Dorret I., Borecki, Ingrid B., Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F., Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George V., Van Duijn, Cornelia M., Eriksson, Johan G., Franke, Barbara, Franke, Lude, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V., Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J. F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Van Der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Hinds, David A., Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo Riitta, Jöckel, Karl Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Lehtimäki, Terho, Lehrer, Steven F., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Martin, Nicholas G., Mcgue, Matt, Metspalu, Andre, Pendleton, Neil, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Perola, Marku, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A., Samani, Nilesh J., Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Spector, Tim D., Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A. Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tiemeier, Henning, Tung, Joyce Y., Uitterlinden, André G., Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R., Wilson, James F., Wright, Alan F., Conley, Dalton C., Krueger, Robert F., Davey Smith, George, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I., Medland, Sarah E., Meyer, Michelle N., Yang, Jian, Johannesson, Magnu, Visscher, Peter M., Esko, Toñu, Koellinger, Philipp D., Cesarini, David, Benjamin, Daniel J., EMGO - Mental health, IOO, Human genetics, Beauchamp, Jonathan P, Lee, James JJ, Hypponen, Elina, and Benjamin, Daniel J
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Candidate gene, Bipolar Disorder, Medizin, Genome-wide association study, Genome-wide association studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Computational Biology, Fetus, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene-Environment Interaction, Great Britain, Humans, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Schizophrenia, Educational Status, Genome-Wide Association Study, Medicine (all), Multidisciplinary, Fetu, tau, Gene–environment interaction, Soziales und Gesundheit, Genetics, [QFIN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin], HERITABILITY, General Commentary, Alzheimer's disease, Biobank, Phenotype, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], educational attainment, Behavioural genetics, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Bildungsniveau, TRAITS, Human, General Science & Technology, Kultursektor, SNP, ta3111, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Learning and memory, Alzheimer Disease/genetics, Bipolar Disorder/genetics, Brain/metabolism, Fetus/metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation/genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Schizophrenia/genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, ACHIEVEMENT, MD Multidisciplinary, Non-Profit-Sektor, QH426, Science & Technology, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], tauopathies, Data Science, gene, education, school, Heritability, Educational Statu, Educational attainment, United Kingdom, 030104 developmental biology, IQ, Genetische Forschung, Psychiatric disorders, Bildung, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, LifeLines Cohort Study, Neuroscience
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 167137.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources

Refine your results

13 results on '"Petrovic, Katja E."'

1. Genetic variants associated with subjective well-being, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism identified through genome-wide analyses

2. Polygenic prediction of educational attainment within and between families from genome-wide association analyses in 3 million individuals

3. Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment

4. Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences

5. Gene discovery and polygenic prediction from a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in 1.1 million individuals

6. Genetic and lifestyle risk factors for MRI-defined brain infarcts in a population-based setting

7. Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences

8. Vitamin D and cognitive function:a Mendelian randomisation study

9. Vitamin D and cognitive function : A Mendelian randomisation study.

10. Vitamin D and cognitive function: A Mendelian randomisation study

11. The association between lower educational attainment and depression owing to shared genetic effects? Results in ∼25 000 subjects: Results in ~25,000 subjects

12. GWAS of 126,559 Individuals Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Educational Attainment

13. Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment

Catalog

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

13 results on '"Petrovic, Katja E."'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources