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3. A prospective study of the association of serum neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin, and hepatitis B surface antigenemia with death in infants and children with HIV-1 disease

Author

M J, Di Franco, D, Zaknun, J, Zaknun, E, Vuja, H P, Oswald, P, Mayersbach, D, Hunter, T D, Tosteson, D, Trichopoulos, and R, Schmitzberger

Subjects
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Romania, Infant, HIV Infections, Blood Proteins, Hepatitis B, Biopterin, Neopterin, Survival Analysis, Death Certificates, Cohort Studies, Child, Preschool, Multivariate Analysis, HIV-1, Humans, Prospective Studies, beta 2-Microglobulin, Follow-Up Studies, Proportional Hazards Models
Abstract

A high percentage of HIV-1-infected infants and children in Romania are coinfected with hepatitis B virus. Little information is available on the impact of concurrent hepatitis B infection on the course of HIV-1 infection. We conducted a prospective cohort study over 1 year in a group of 68 HIV-1-infected infants and children to determine whether hepatitis B surface antigenemia, neopterin, and beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) predicted death. Among the 44 hepatitis B surface antigen-positive (HBsAg+) subjects at enrollment, 13 (30%) died during 1 year of follow-up. In comparison, two of 24 (8%) HBsAg-negative subjects died (RR = 7.7; p = 0.05). Higher initial serum concentrations of neopterin and B2M were negatively associated with survival. After stratifying by baseline clinical evidence of HIV-related disease, survival was negatively associated with HBsAg+ status (p = 0.04) in 33 children in stage P-2, adjusting for age, serum neopterin, and serum B2M levels. The results of this study suggest that serum neopterin is a marker for severity of clinical illness and that HBsAg+ status increases the mortality rate among children with clinical evidence of HIV infection.

Published
1994

4. Freeze substituted tissue in 5'-nucleotidase histochemistry. Comparative histochemical and biochemical investigations.

Author

Klaushofer, K and von Mayersbach, H

Abstract

The suitability of freeze-substitution in n-butanol and paraffin embedding of tissues for the histochemical demonstration of 5'-nucleotidase was investigated and compared with commonly used preparation techniques, such as fresh frozen sections and cryostate sections of cold formalin and glutaraldehyde-fixed rat liver. The influences of each step of the preparation techniques on the enzyme activity were controlled by a quantitative radiochemical assay. Freeze substitution was revealed to be superior to the commonly used preparation techniques with respect to: 1) high sensitivity and specificity of the histochemical 5'-nucleotidase reaction (this is based on the fact that incubation media with very low lead concentrations (0,6 mM/1) can be used); 2) excellent morphological appearance of the tissues showing cytological details of enzyme localization; 3) unlimited storage of the tissue materials and ease of sectioning.

Published
1979
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5. Human parvovirus Bb19 detection in asymptomatic blood donors: association with increased neopterin concentrations.

Author

Schennach H, Lanthaler AJ, Mayersbach P, Ulmer H, Muell K, Schoenitzer D, Fuchs D, and Larcher C

Subjects
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, Parvoviridae Infections immunology, Parvoviridae Infections virology, Parvovirus B19, Human genetics, Parvovirus B19, Human immunology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Blood Donors, Neopterin metabolism, Parvoviridae Infections metabolism, Parvovirus B19, Human isolation & purification
Abstract

Serum neopterin concentrations were determined in 20,000 blood donations. For the 400 donations with neopterin concentrations above the 98 th percentile and another 1200 donations with neopterin concentrations in the lower range, results of human parvovirus (HPV) B19 tests were compared. Infectious specimens were identified by dot blot hybridization assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that used the outer primers and detected 1 pg of HPV B19 DNA, corresponding to approximately 10(5) copies of the genome, in the specimens and by a nested PCR that detected 1-10 fg of DNA, corresponding to 10(2)-10(3) copies of the genome. Of 400 specimens with neopterin concentrations > or =12 nmol/L (98th percentile, current cutoff), 10 tested positive by dot blot hybridization assay (9 of these were confirmed by nested PCR). Among 1200 specimens with low neopterin concentrations (<12 nmol/L), no specimen containing HPV B19 DNA was detected. These findings suggest an association between elevated neopterin concentrations and HPV B19 infectivity.

Published
2002
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7. A prospective study of the association of serum neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin, and hepatitis B surface antigenemia with death in infants and children with HIV-1 disease.

Author

Di Franco MJ, Zaknun D, Zaknun J, Vuja E, Oswald HP, Mayersbach P, Hunter D, Tosteson TD, Trichopoulos D, and Schmitzberger R

Subjects
Biopterins blood, Blood Proteins analysis, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Death Certificates, Follow-Up Studies, HIV Infections blood, HIV Infections complications, Hepatitis B complications, Humans, Infant, Multivariate Analysis, Neopterin, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Romania epidemiology, Survival Analysis, Biopterins analogs & derivatives, HIV Infections mortality, HIV-1, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens blood, beta 2-Microglobulin analysis
Abstract

A high percentage of HIV-1-infected infants and children in Romania are coinfected with hepatitis B virus. Little information is available on the impact of concurrent hepatitis B infection on the course of HIV-1 infection. We conducted a prospective cohort study over 1 year in a group of 68 HIV-1-infected infants and children to determine whether hepatitis B surface antigenemia, neopterin, and beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) predicted death. Among the 44 hepatitis B surface antigen-positive (HBsAg+) subjects at enrollment, 13 (30%) died during 1 year of follow-up. In comparison, two of 24 (8%) HBsAg-negative subjects died (RR = 7.7; p = 0.05). Higher initial serum concentrations of neopterin and B2M were negatively associated with survival. After stratifying by baseline clinical evidence of HIV-related disease, survival was negatively associated with HBsAg+ status (p = 0.04) in 33 children in stage P-2, adjusting for age, serum neopterin, and serum B2M levels. The results of this study suggest that serum neopterin is a marker for severity of clinical illness and that HBsAg+ status increases the mortality rate among children with clinical evidence of HIV infection.

Published
1994

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