178 results on '"Odewale A"'
Search Results
2. Deciphering between enhanced light emission and absorption in multi-mode porphyrin cavity polariton samples
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Odewale Elizabeth O., Avramenko Aleksandr G., and Rury Aaron S.
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strong light–matter coupling ,cavity quantum electrodynamics ,cavity-enhanced light–matter interactions ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
It remains unclear how the collective strong coupling of cavity-confined photons to the electronic transitions of molecular chromophore leverages the distinct properties of the polaritonic constituents for future technologies. In this study, we design, fabricate, and characterize multiple types of Fabry-Pérot (FP) mirco-resonators containing copper(II) tetraphenyl porphyrin (CuTPP) to show how cavity polariton formation affects radiative relaxation processes in the presence of substantial non-Condon vibronic coupling between two of this molecule’s excited electronic states. Unlike the prototypical enhancement of Q state radiative relaxation of CuTPP in a FP resonator incapable of forming polaritons, we find the light emission processes in multimode cavity polariton samples become enhanced for cavity-exciton energy differences near those of vibrations known to mediate non-Condon vibronic coupling. We propose the value of this detuning is consistent with radiative relaxation of Herzberg-Teller polaritons into collective molecular states coupled to the cavity photon coherently. We contrast the feature stemming from light emission from the HT polariton state with those that occur due to polariton-enhanced light absorption. Our results demonstrate the landscape of molecular and photonic interactions enabled by cavity polariton formation using complex chromophores and how researchers can design resonators to leverage these interactions to characterize and control polaritonic properties.
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- 2024
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3. Solar and open sun drying of untreated and pretreated banana stalk chips biomass: a sustainable processing of biomass using renewable solar energy
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Oluseye Omotoso Agbede, Ifeoluwa Solomon Odewale, Oluwafunmilayo Abiola Aworanti, Solomon Oluyemi Alagbe, Oyetola Ogunkunle, and Opeyeolu Timothy Laseinde
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Banana stalk ,Solar drying ,Diffusivity ,Open sun ,Drying models ,Pretreatments ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Abstract The stalk of banana is an abundant biomass that can be sustainably converted into bioenergy, biofuels, biosorbents, animal feeds and fibers. The moisture content of freshly harvested banana stalk is high, so drying is essential before its storage and prior to some of the conversion processes. Hence, solar and open sun drying characteristics of banana stalk chips were investigated. Untreated (5, 10 and 15 mm thick) and pretreated (hot water, salt water and sulphite) banana stalk chips were dehydrated in a solar dryer and directly in sunlight. The data were fitted to twelve drying models. The moisture diffusivities were also evaluated. Banana stalk dried mainly in the falling-rate phase and the rate of drying increased with decreasing chip thickness. However, the chips dried slower in direct sunlight compared to the solar dryer. The pretreatments significantly (P
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- 2023
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4. Antibiotic resistance: Detection of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae from garden eggs
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Motunrayo Jibola-Shittu, Jacqueline Badaki, Mercy Adown, and Gbolabo Odewale
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enterobacteriaceae ,extended- spectrum beta-lactamase ,antibiotic ,resistance ,garden eggs ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Background: The emphasis on sustainable good health through the consumption of a healthy diet has necessitated the consumption of fresh vegetables, which could harbour the presence of members of the Enterobacteriaceae, antibiotic resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). As a result, this study investigated the presence of antibiotics resistance (AR) and ESBL in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from garden eggs. Methodology: One hundred (100) garden egg samples were randomly purchased from 10 different vendors into sterile bags. Samples were serially diluted and cultured on MacConkey agar for the isolation of Enterobacteriaceae, then characterised and identified. Antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out on isolates following the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Double disc synergy test (DDST) was used to detect ESBL production. Result: Forty-three isolates were identified to belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae with Klebsiella spp. being the most dominant specie (51.16%), Escherichia coli (30.23%), Salmonella (11.23%) and Enterobacter aerogenes (6.98%). Of all the isolates, (65.12%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). The isolates showed highest frequency of resistance to erythromycin (90.7%), gentamicin (34.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (32.6%), ofloxacin (30.2%), ciprofloxacin (25.6%), imipenem (14%), ceftriaxone (11.6%) and nalidixic acid (0.0%). For ESBL production, 23(53.49%) were positive. The ESBL positive isolates (n=23) were Klebsiella spp. 14(60.87%) and Escherichia coli 9 (39.13%). No ESBL production was detected in Salmonella spp. and Enterobacter aerogenes isolates. Conclusion: This study detected the presence of AR and ESBL in Enterobacteriaceae from garden eggs. Consumption of garden eggs contaminated with these bacteria pose a potential problem of infection and spread of resistance in the environment through food.
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- 2023
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5. Solar and open sun drying of untreated and pretreated banana stalk chips biomass: a sustainable processing of biomass using renewable solar energy
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Agbede, Oluseye Omotoso, Odewale, Ifeoluwa Solomon, Aworanti, Oluwafunmilayo Abiola, Alagbe, Solomon Oluyemi, Ogunkunle, Oyetola, and Laseinde, Opeyeolu Timothy
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- 2023
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6. Genotypic Determination of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases and Carbapenemase Production in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Southwest Nigeria
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Gbolabo Odewale, Motunrayo Yemisi Jibola-Shittu, Olusola Ojurongbe, Rita Ayanbolade Olowe, and Olugbenga Adekunle Olowe
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Klebsiella pneumoniae ,extended spectrum β-lactamase ,carbapenemase genes ,multi-locus sequencing typing ,polymerase chain reaction ,Other systems of medicine ,RZ201-999 - Abstract
Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major pathogen implicated in healthcare-associated infections. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates are a public health concern. This study investigated the existence of some ESBL and carbapenemase genes among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae in Southwest Nigeria and additionally determined their circulating clones. Materials and Methods: Various clinical samples from 420 patients from seven tertiary hospitals within Southwestern Nigeria were processed between February 2018 and July 2019. These samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar, and the isolated bacteria were identified by Microbact GNB 12E. All K. pneumoniae were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the 16s rRNA gene. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was done on these isolates, and the PCR was used to evaluate the common ESBL-encoding genes and carbapenem resistance genes. Genotyping was performed using multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST). Results: The overall prevalence of K. pneumoniae in Southwestern Nigeria was 30.5%. The AST revealed high resistance rates to tetracyclines (67.2%), oxacillin (61.7%), ampicillin (60.2%), ciprofloxacin (58.6%), chloramphenicol (56.3%), and lowest resistance to meropenem (43.0%). All isolates were susceptible to polymyxin B. The most prevalent ESBL gene was the TEM gene (47.7%), followed by CTX-M (43.8%), SHV (39.8%), OXA (27.3%), CTX-M-15 (19.5%), CTX-M-2 (11.1%), and CTX-M-9 (10.9%). Among the carbapenemase genes studied, the VIM gene (43.0%) was most detected, followed by OXA-48 (28.9%), IMP (22.7%), NDM (17.2%), KPC (13.3%), CMY (11.7%), and FOX (9.4%). GIM and SPM genes were not detected. MLST identified six different sequence types (STs) in this study. The most dominant ST was ST307 (50%, 5/10), while ST258, ST11, ST147, ST15, and ST321 had (10%, 1/10) each. Conclusion: High antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae is a clear and present danger for managing infections in Nigeria. Additionally, the dominance of a successful international ST307 clone highlights the importance of ensuring that genomic surveillance remains a priority in the hospital environment in Nigeria.
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- 2023
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7. Association of TSST-1 gene with phenotypic antibiotic resistance among clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a tertiary healthcare center
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Tolulope Ade, Gbolabo Odewale, Morumda Daji, Joshua Ohirhian, and Richard Ojedele
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staphylococcus aureus ,antibiotic resistance ,tsst-1 ,association ,methicillin resistance ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Background: The toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) is important in the pathology of toxic shock syndrome. However, little data exist on its prevalence among clinical isolates of S. aureus in Nigeria. Hence, this study was carried out to detect the tsst-1 gene and associate it with phenotypic antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of S. aureus. Methods: Staphylococcus aureus isolates were presumptively identified by Gram’s staining and conventional biochemical tests while confirmatory identification was through the detection of the thermonuclease (nuc) gene. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was carried out using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method while phenotypic detection of methicillin resistance was carried out using the cefoxitin disc sensitivity assay. The tst gene was detected within the genome of the bacterial isolates using Uniplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Of the 152 S. aureus isolates identified in this study, 103 (67.76%) encoded the tst gene. Of these 103 tst-positive isolates, 63 (61.16%) were methicillin-resistant while 40 (38.84%) were methicillin-sensitive. The tst-positive isolates (n=103) were resistant to tetracycline (39.81%), erythromycin (24.27%), gentamicin (22.33%), cotrimoxazole (22.33%), ciprofloxacin (21.36%), fusidic acid (16.5%), fosfomycin (10.68%), and clindamycin (5.82%). Comparatively, tst-negative isolates (n=49) were resistant to tetracycline (69.39%), cotrimoxazole (56.06%), gentamicin (53.06%), ciprofloxacin (51.02%), erythromycin (46.94%), fusidic acid (28.57%), fosfomycin (26.53%), and clindamycin (8.16%). Phenotypic antibiotic resistance is significantly associated with the presence of the tst gene (p < /em>>0.05). Coclusion: Hence, the high prevalence of the tst gene and its association with antibiotic resistance in S. aureus is a cause for worry.
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- 2023
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8. Neuroprotective activity of Ipomoea cairica leaf extract against cadmium chloride-induced biochemical changes in the brain of male Wistar rats
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Omotayo B. Ilesanmi, Temitope Temiloluwa Odewale, Oghenetega J. Avwioroko, Mohammed Alqarni, Ahmad J. Obaidullah, Francis O. Atanu, Toyin Binang, and Gaber El-Saber Batiha
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Cadmium ,Neurotoxicity ,Natural product ,Oxidative stress ,Beta-amyloid ,Glutamate ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Background Exposure to cadmium is implicated in the etiology of some neurodegenerative diseases. Compounds isolated from Ipomoea cairica extract are neuroprotective. However, there is no reported neuroprotective activity of the crude extract of I. cairica (ICE). We investigated the neuroprotective activity of I. cairica extract against cadmium-induced biochemical changes in the brain of male Wistar rats. Thirty-six animals were divided into four groups of 9 animals per group: group I (Control); group II (3.5 mg/kg CdCl2); group III (100 mg/kg ICE + CdCl2); and group IV (250 mg/kg ICE + CdCl2). Animals were pretreated with 100 and 250 mg/kg ICE before co-administration with cadmium chloride. Results CdCl2 treatment caused a significant increase in acetylcholineesterase activity, lipid peroxidation, beta-amyloid aggregation, caspase 3 and 9, p53, and glutamate concentration. In addition, CdCl2 caused a significant decrease in catalase activity, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, Na+/K+ ATPase, and glutamate dehydrogenase. ICE was able to reduce the neuronal damaging effect of CdCl2 by acting as an antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anticholinesterase, and antiexcitotoxicity. Conclusions Our findings show that Ipomoea cairica leaf can be developed and included in the natural product in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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- 2022
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9. Neuroprotective activity of Ipomoea cairica leaf extract against cadmium chloride-induced biochemical changes in the brain of male Wistar rats
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Ilesanmi, Omotayo B., Odewale, Temitope Temiloluwa, Avwioroko, Oghenetega J., Alqarni, Mohammed, Obaidullah, Ahmad J., Atanu, Francis O., Binang, Toyin, and Batiha, Gaber El-Saber
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- 2022
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10. Gaseous Emission from the Combustion of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) from the Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company (KRPC) in Nigeria
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Osunnusi Oluwaseun Adedayo, Oke Michael Abidemi, Odekanle Ebenezer Leke, Sonibare Jacob Ademola, Ige Oluwafunmiso Ayodele, Oyewale Babatunde Oyeleke, and Odewale Stephen Ayodele
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combustion ,analyzer ,stationary source ,pollutants ,premium motor spirit ,Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 - Abstract
Objectives : This study characterizes the gaseous emission from the combustion of PMS of different volumes from Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company. Methods : The E8500 plus combustion analyzer was used for gaseous emission characterization of different volumes. Oxygen (O2), Hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), Oxides of Nitrogen NOx (NO, NO2), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), and Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) were measured using the analyzer. The values were recorded and the descriptive statistics graph was plotted. Results and Discussion : The concentrations for the gaseous emission from the combustion of PMS were 69.85 mg/m3 HC, 117.33 mg/m3 CO, 334 mg/m3 NOx for 10 ml, 58.93 mg/m3 HC, 130.33 mg/m3 CO, 784.33 mg/m3 NOx for 20 ml, 50.20 mg/m3 HC, 84.00 mg/m3 CO, 798.67 mg/m3 NOx for 30 ml, 65.48 mg/m3 HC, 160.33 mg/m3 CO, 850.33 mg/m3 NOx for 40 ml, 87.31 mg/m3 HC, 212.67 mg/m3 CO, 801.33 mg/m3 NOx, 3.67 mg/m3 SO2 for 50 ml. This study shows that CO and HC exceeded the permissible limit for stationary sources while NOx and SO2 were below the permissible limit. Conclusions : Hence, there is a need for rapid response and urgent attention from government and regulatory bodies to develop and implement appropriate policies that will help in reducing the effect. Appropriate measures to control air emissions that may be embarked upon by regulatory bodies include increase in the use of low-emission fuels and renewable fuels such as bio-fuels and introduction of the use of devices with low CO emissions.
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- 2021
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11. Clinical characteristics, treatment modalities and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 patients treated at thisday dome isolation and treatment centre, federal capital territory Abuja, Nigeria
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Sylvanus Akhalufo Okogbenin, Cyril Oshomah Erameh, Ola Chikerendu Egbuta, Kelly Ohis Iraoyah, Joy Thelma Onyebujoh, Christian Ehigbor Erohubie, Akolo Yohanna Jaggu, Raymond Onovo, Mercy Avbuluimen, Modupeola Ajibike Odewale, Elizabeth Ebosebhanlen Enigbe, Ehinomen Cordilia Ifada, and Esther Osemudiamen Okogbenin
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clinical characteristics ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,nigeria ,outcome ,treatment modalities ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly transmissible viral infection has spread worldwide causing exponential increase in morbidity and mortality. But so far, there is limited information available to describe the presenting characteristics, outcomes and treatment modalities of COVID-19 patients in Nigeria. This study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics, underlying comorbidities, treatment modalities and outcomes of patients isolated and treated in a repurposed COVID-19 isolation and treatment centre in Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study which reviewed the medical records of 300 confirmed COVID-19 patients isolated and treated according to the World Health Organisation and Nigeria Centre for Disease Control guidelines between 22nd July and 26th October, 2020 in ThisDay Dome Isolation and Treatment Centre. Data collected from the medical records include demographics, clinical features, treatment measures and outcomes. Results: Out of 300 patients studied, 61.0% were male. The mean age of the participants was 38.2 ± 14.7. Less than half of the patients (40.3%) had one or more underlying comorbidities with hypertension the most common co-morbidity. Majority (62%) of patients were mildly symptomatic, 33% were asymptomatic while only 2% were severely symptomatic. The most common presenting symptoms include cough 34.0%, fever 30.3%, anosmia 28.7% and dysgeusia 22.7%. Older age (P < 0.001), tertiary education and the presence of underlying comorbidity (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with symptomatic presentation of COVID-19. The median duration of time between positive laboratory testing and presentation for treatment was 5 days (0–29). All patients were treated with a combination of Ivermectin, Azithromycin, Zinc and Vitamin C with no recorded death. The median length of stay at facility was 9 days. Conclusion: Close attention should be given to patients with co-morbidities as an inefficient management of such co-morbidities could lead to mortalities which may not be directly attributable to COVID-19.
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- 2021
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12. Reversal effect of Solanum dasyphyllum against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity
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Ilesanmi Omotayo B., Efe Obade, Odewale Temitope T., Atanu Francis O., Adeogun Esther F., Akinmoladun Afolabi C., and Olaleye Tolulope M.
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rotenone ,mitochondria respiratory enzymes ,oxidative stress ,solanum dasyphyllum ,brain ,Medicine - Abstract
We earlier reported the protective effect of Solanum dasyphyllum against cyanide neurotoxicity. In furtherance to this, we investigated the protective effect of S. dasyphyllum against rotenone, a chemical toxin that causes brain-related diseases. Mitochondria fraction obtained from the brain of male Wistar rats was incubated with various solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and methanol) extracts of S. dasyphyllum before rotenone exposure. Mitochondria respiratory enzymes (MRE) were evaluated along with markers of oxidative stress. The inhibition of MRE by rotenone was reversed by treatment with various fractions of S. dasyphyllum. The oxidative stress induced by rotenone was also reversed by fractions of S. dasyphyllum. In addition, the ethylacetate fraction of S. dasyphyllum was most potent against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. In conclusion, S. dasyphyllum is rich in active phytochemicals that can prevent some neurotoxic effects of rotenone exposure. Further study can be done in an in vivo model to substantiate our results.
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- 2020
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13. Covid-19 preparedness and response: experiences of the Nigerian Institute for Medical Research
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Rosemary R. Audu, Chika K. Onwuamah, Azuka P. Okwuraiwe, Olufemi S. Amoo, Ayorinde B. James, Joseph O. Shaibu, Fehintola I. Ige, Aigbe G. Ohihoin, Agatha N. David, Gideon O. Liboro, Ebenezer O. Odewale, Judith Sokei, Chika L. Okoli, Dominic A. Achanya, Adesegun A. Adesesan, Bosede O. Amuda, Ponmak D. Jamda, Rahaman Ahmed, Muinah A. Fowora, Olugbenga O. Aina, Oliver C. Ezechi, Richard A. Adegbola, and Babatunde L. Salako
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pandemics ,preparedness ,covid-19 ,response ,Science - Abstract
The global community is facing a health crisis caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The coronavirus pandemic is severely disrupting the global economy. Countries are battling to slow the spread of the virus by testing, employing contact tracing, restricting travel, quarantining citizens, and encouraging use of face mask, hand hygiene and social distancing measures. The lockdown imposed in many countries including Nigeria has resulted in increased cost and shortages of reagents and supplies worldwide. Due to the highly contagious nature of the disease, rapid rate of spread, and lack of an effective therapy, it became necessary for nations of the world to mount an efficient response mechanism to curb the spread of the pandemic. The Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR) has responded actively to the current pandemic with some innovations with respect to sample collection systems, molecular diagnostics, kit development and validation. Due to the highly infectious nature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) the causative agent of COVID-19, the institute also invested in the production of infection control tools. The extent of response by the institute would not have been possible but for collaboration and partnership with well-meaning organizations and stakeholders. National, State and public cooperation are very essential for effective response to any pandemic. The response of NIMR to the pandemic is herein discussed. Lessons learned and recommendations made are also shared to help institutions interested in combating this and future pandemics of similar nature.
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- 2020
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14. Occurrences of Metalo-β-lactamase Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa among Clinical Samples in Kwara state, Nigeria
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O.C. Adekunle, A. Mustapha, G. Odewale, and R.O. Ojedele
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Science - Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a frequent nosocomial pathogen that causes severe disease in many clinical and community settings. The objective of this paper was to isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa from clinical samples and to investigate the occurrence of metallo β- lactamase enzyme production by collecting 145 males and 90 females’ human clinical specimens from five selected health institutions within Kwara state, Nigeria. The samples were cultured immediately using standard microbiological procedures. Multiple drug resistance patterns of the bacteria to different antibiotics were determined using the Bauer Kirby disc diffusion technique. Metallo – β lactamase production was determined using E – test strip. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. A total of 145 isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the clinical samples.Thirty were positive for metallo β lactamase production; 11 (8 %) males and 19 (13 %) females. Absolute resistance to ceftazidime (100 %), gentamicin (100 %), ceftriaxone (100 %) were observed while low resistance to ciprofloxacin (12.4 %), piperacillin (6.9 %) and imipenem (6.9 %). All isolates were sensitive to colistin. This study had demonstrated that there is a high occurrence of metallo β lactamase enzyme producing and antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa in clinical specimens from the studied area. Necessary measures must be implemented to stop the problems of this antibiotic resistance.
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- 2022
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15. Heterotopic pregnancy: A clinical case report from rural Nigeria
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Odewale, M A and Afolabi, M O
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- 2008
16. Full length genomic sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Nigeria.
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Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu, Chika K Onwuamah, Ayorinde Babatunde James, Azuka Patrick Okwuraiwe, Olufemi Samuel Amoo, Olumuyiwa B Salu, Fehintola A Ige, Gideon Liboro, Ebenezer Odewale, Leona Chika Okoli, Rahaman A Ahmed, Dominic Achanya, Adesegun Adesesan, Oyewunmi Abosede Amuda, Judith Sokei, Bola A O Oyefolu, Babatunde Lawal Salako, Sunday Aremu Omilabu, and Rosemary Ajuma Audu
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
In an outbreak, effective detection of the aetiological agent(s) involved using molecular techniques is key to efficient diagnosis, early prevention and management of the spread. However, sequencing is necessary for mutation monitoring and tracking of clusters of transmission, development of diagnostics and for vaccines and drug development. Many sequencing methods are fast evolving to reduce test turn-around-time and to increase through-put compared to Sanger sequencing method; however, Sanger sequencing remains the gold standard for clinical research sequencing with its 99.99% accuracy This study sought to generate sequence data of SARS-CoV-2 using Sanger sequencing method and to characterize them for possible site(s) of mutations. About 30 pairs of primers were designed, synthesized, and optimized using endpoint PCR to generate amplicons for the full length of the virus. Cycle sequencing using BigDye Terminator v.3.1 and capillary gel electrophoresis on ABI 3130xl genetic analyser were performed according to the manufacturers' instructions. The sequence data generated were assembled and analysed for variations using DNASTAR Lasergene 17 SeqMan Ultra. Total length of 29,760bp of SARS-CoV-2 was assembled from the sample analysed and deposited in GenBank with accession number: MT576584. Blast result of the sequence assembly shows a 99.97% identity with the reference sequence. Variations were noticed at positions: nt201, nt2997, nt14368, nt16535, nt20334, and nt28841-28843, which caused amino acid alterations at the S (aa614) and N (aa203-204) regions. The mutations observed at S and N-gene in this study may be indicative of a gradual changes in the genetic coding of the virus hence, the need for active surveillance of the viral genome.
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- 2021
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17. The use of DIY (Do it yourself) sampling and telemonitoring model for COVID-19 qPCR testing scale up
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Olufemi Samuel Amoo, Funmi Adewara, Bosun Tijani, Tochukwu Ifeanyi Onuigbo, Amaka Stephanie Ikemefuna, Joy Isioma Oraegbu, Tazeen Rizvi, Azuka Okwuraiwe, Chika Onwuamah, Joseph Shaibu, Ayorinde James, Greg Ohihoin, Fehintola Ige, Dorcas Kareithi, Agatha David, Steven Karera, Hammed Agboola, Anthony Adeniyi, Josephine Obi, Dominic Achanya, Ebenezer Odewale, Osaga Oforomeh, Gideon Liboro, Olayemi Nwogbe, Oliver Ezechi, Richard Adegbola, Rosemary Audu, and Babatunde Salako
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The first case of COVID-19 in Nigeria was recorded on February 27, 2020, being an imported case by an Italian expatriate, to the country. Since then, there has been steady increase in the number of cases. However, the number of cases in Nigeria is low in comparison to cases reported by other countries with similar large populations, despite the poor health system prevailing in the country. This has been mainly attributed to the low testing capacity in Nigeria among other factors. Therefore, there is a need for innovative ways to increase the number of persons testing for COVID-19. The aim of the study was to pilot a nasopharyngeal swab self-sample collection model that would help increase COVID-19 testing while ensuring minimal person-to-person contact being experienced at the testing center. 216 participants took part in this study which was carried out at the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research between June and July 2020. Amongst the 216 participants, 174 tested negatives for both self-collected samples and samples collected by Professionals, 30 tested positive for both arms, with discrepancies occurring in 6 samples where the self-collected samples were positive while the ones collected by the professionals were negative. The same occurred in another set of 6 samples with the self-collected samples being negative and the professional—collected sample coming out positive, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 96.7%. The results of the interrater analysis are Kappa = 0.800 (95% CI, 0.690 to 0.910) which implies an outstanding agreement between the two COVID-19 sampling methods. Furthermore, since p< 0.001 Kappa (k) coefficient is statistically different from zero, our findings have shown that self-collected samples can be reliable in the diagnosis of COVID-19.
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- 2021
18. Cooperative Learning Strategy Influence on Enhancement of Clienteless’ Academic Achievement in Adul Literacy Programme, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Mrs. Agun Agun, Olusola Paulinah, Mrs. Odewale Odewale, Temitayo Racheal, and Mrs. Famewo Oluwayemisi Adenike
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- 2023
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19. The role of the family physician in the fight against Coronavirus disease 2019 in Nigeria
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Tijani I.A. Oseni, Ramatu O. Agbede, Bolatito B. Fatusin, and Michael A. Odewale
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covid-19 ,pandemic ,nigeria ,family physicians ,frontline ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been ravaging Nigeria and the world with increasing morbidity and mortality. Despite efforts by the Nigerian government implemented through the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) to reduce the scourge of the disease through public enlightenment and regular updates, the number of new cases and mortalities from COVID-19 are still increasing. Family physicians (FPs) who are the first contact of care for most patients accessing private and public health facilities in Nigeria have been working tirelessly to reduce the scourge of the pandemic in Nigeria. They continuously update themselves through regular webinars and online resources and guidelines provided by the Society of Family Physicians of Nigeria (SOFPON). Measures adopted by FPs across the country in the fight against the scourge include triaging patients as they present to the family medicine clinics; health education and enlightenment of the populace; and ensuring social distancing, regular handwashing and compulsory use of face mask by both physicians and patients during clinical consultations. Other measures include incorporating family-focused behavioural interventions in their practice, home-based care to reduce the number of persons visiting the hospital, telemedicine and Hospice and palliative care services to the elderly and terminally ill. In conclusion, FPs in Nigeria are helping to reduce the scourge of COVID-19 through patient education and innovative healthcare delivery that does not put patients at increased risk of the disease whilst promptly recognising potential COVID-19 patients and referring them for early diagnosis and treatment.
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- 2020
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20. Effect of classic soft drink Coca-Cola as a solvent in the administration of tramadol and diazepam on biochemical and histological changes in liver and kidney
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Omotayo B. Ilesanmi and Temitope T. Odewale
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hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, histology, tramadol, diazepam, Coke. ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the biochemical and morphological changes in the liver and kidney as a result of the acute administration of tramadol and diazepam with classic soft drink Coca-Cola (Coke ). Method: Thirty-six (36) adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: Group A-control (distilled water), Group B (Coke ), Group C (tramadol, 50 mg/kg), Group D (tramadol dissolved in Coke, 50 mg/kg), Group E (diazepam, 10 mg/kg) and Group F (diazepam dissolved in Coke 10 mg/kg). All administrations were done intraperitoneal. Twenty-four hours after administration, blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture for evaluation of the liver (Aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and Alanine aminotransferase [ALT]), kidney (urea and creatinine [CREA]) function and the organs were excised and processed for histopathological examination. Result: A significantly increased in AST, creatinine and urea concentrations was observed in Tramadol and Coke Groups compared to control (P0.05), though it caused a significant increase in urea and CREA (P
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- 2020
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21. Socioeconomic status of parents and the occurrence of pelvic inflammatory disease among undergraduates attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria
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Tijani Idris Ahmad Oseni and Michael Adeoye Odewale
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females ,parents ,pelvic inflammatory disease ,socioeconomic status ,undergraduates ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a major cause of gynaecological morbidity globally. Complications from PID include infertility, ectopic pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain. Low socioeconomic status (SES) is a risk factor for the occurrence of PID. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between SES of parents and the occurrence of PID among undergraduates attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua. Methodology: The study was a hospital-based, descriptive cross-sectional study. Three hundred and sixty female undergraduates attending the hospital were consecutively recruited and clinically assessed for the presence of PID using the WHO and CDC MMWR 2010 criteria for the clinical assessment of PID. Their SES was determined by Oyedeji social class categorisation. Data were analysed using Epi Info 3.5.4. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data, and Chi-square was used to test for association. Results: There was a significant association between SES of parents and multiple sex partners (P < 0.02), previous sexually transmitted infection (STI) (P = 0.05), unprotected sex (P < 0.001), history of induced abortion (P < 0.001) and surgical termination of pregnancy (P < 0.01). There was also association between occurrence of PID among respondents and multiple sexual partners (P < 0.001), previous history of STI (P = 0.02), non-persistent use of condom (P < 0.001), history of induced abortion (P < 0.01) and surgical termination of pregnancy (P < 0.01). There was however no significant association between SES of parents and occurrence of PID (P = 0.14) though PID was highest among respondents from low SES. Conclusion: Occurrence of PID among undergraduates was not associated with their SES. However, identified risk factors for PID among study population such as multiple sex partners, previous STI, unprotected sex and history of induced abortion were associated with the SES.
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- 2017
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22. Genotypic Determination of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases and Carbapenemase Production in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Southwest Nigeria
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Odewale, Gbolabo, primary, Jibola-Shittu, Motunrayo Yemisi, additional, Ojurongbe, Olusola, additional, Olowe, Rita Ayanbolade, additional, and Olowe, Olugbenga Adekunle, additional
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- 2023
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23. Multidrug resistant bacteria associated with a fresh fruit and vegetables sold in Lokoja market, Kogi State, Nigeria
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Odewale, Gbolabo, primary, Jibola-Shittu, Motunrayo, additional, Omosule, Nosakhare, additional, and Esan, Titilope, additional
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- 2023
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24. Genotypic Determination of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases and Carbapenemase Production in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Southwest Nigeria
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Olowe, Gbolabo Odewale, Motunrayo Yemisi Jibola-Shittu, Olusola Ojurongbe, Rita Ayanbolade Olowe, and Olugbenga Adekunle
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Klebsiella pneumoniae ,extended spectrum β-lactamase ,carbapenemase genes ,multi-locus sequencing typing ,polymerase chain reaction - Abstract
Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major pathogen implicated in healthcare-associated infections. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates are a public health concern. This study investigated the existence of some ESBL and carbapenemase genes among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae in Southwest Nigeria and additionally determined their circulating clones. Materials and Methods: Various clinical samples from 420 patients from seven tertiary hospitals within Southwestern Nigeria were processed between February 2018 and July 2019. These samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar, and the isolated bacteria were identified by Microbact GNB 12E. All K. pneumoniae were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the 16s rRNA gene. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was done on these isolates, and the PCR was used to evaluate the common ESBL-encoding genes and carbapenem resistance genes. Genotyping was performed using multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST). Results: The overall prevalence of K. pneumoniae in Southwestern Nigeria was 30.5%. The AST revealed high resistance rates to tetracyclines (67.2%), oxacillin (61.7%), ampicillin (60.2%), ciprofloxacin (58.6%), chloramphenicol (56.3%), and lowest resistance to meropenem (43.0%). All isolates were susceptible to polymyxin B. The most prevalent ESBL gene was the TEM gene (47.7%), followed by CTX-M (43.8%), SHV (39.8%), OXA (27.3%), CTX-M-15 (19.5%), CTX-M-2 (11.1%), and CTX-M-9 (10.9%). Among the carbapenemase genes studied, the VIM gene (43.0%) was most detected, followed by OXA-48 (28.9%), IMP (22.7%), NDM (17.2%), KPC (13.3%), CMY (11.7%), and FOX (9.4%). GIM and SPM genes were not detected. MLST identified six different sequence types (STs) in this study. The most dominant ST was ST307 (50%, 5/10), while ST258, ST11, ST147, ST15, and ST321 had (10%, 1/10) each. Conclusion: High antimicrobial resistance in K. pneumoniae is a clear and present danger for managing infections in Nigeria. Additionally, the dominance of a successful international ST307 clone highlights the importance of ensuring that genomic surveillance remains a priority in the hospital environment in Nigeria.
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- 2023
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25. Multidrug resistant bacteria associated with a fresh fruit and vegetables sold in Lokoja market, Kogi State, Nigeria
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Gbolabo Odewale, Motunrayo Jibola-Shittu, Nosakhare Omosule, and Titilope Esan
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Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2023
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26. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Educational Activities in Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria
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Ayotunde David Odewale Odewale, Banji Marcellinus Adepoju, and Johnson Oladimeji Edema
- Abstract
This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on educational activities in the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) community during and after the lockdown era. The pandemic affected almost all the facets of life including the educational sector. Though, the school closure during the lockdown is intended to control the spread of the virus but had widespread socio-economic impacts. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. The study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic is a major factor of disruption in academic calendar this was as a result of the world being faced with the COVID-19 pandemic, which has held the economy at ransom not exempting the educational sector. Hence, the study conclude that the during COVID-19, educational activities in OAU was faced with many challenges as in other higher institution in Nigeria, such as school closure, loss of academic session, poor learning and limited social ties. The study recommended among others; government and the institution`s management should be proactive in ameliorating the negative impact identified in this study and develop measure to improve educational activities.
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- 2022
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27. Insights into purification of contaminated water with activated charcoal derived from hamburger seed coat
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J. O. Igidi, J. Singh, I. O. Odewale, E. E. Ali, Lawrence Olusegun Ajala, Temitope Omolayo Fasuan, and Nwogo Ajuka Obasi
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Biochemical oxygen demand ,Original Paper ,Pollutants ,Environmental Engineering ,Physicochemical properties ,Chemistry ,Chemical oxygen demand ,Adsorbent ,Biosorption ,Environmental pollution ,Adsorption ,Activated charcoal ,Wastewater ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,Water treatment ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Agricultural waste - Abstract
Hamburger seed coat is a readily available agricultural waste product generated in large quantities annually. In this study, activated charcoal was produced using hamburger seed coat activated with zinc chloride and its physicochemical properties such as fixed carbon, specific surface area, volatile matter, ash and moisture content were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry techniques were used to study the surface morphology and variations in the absorption bands of functional groups, respectively. The adsorbent biosorption of pollutants abilities from contaminated water was investigated using standard methods with a view to ascertaining the adsorbent purification potential. The results showed that the adsorbent was of high porous structure with adsorption capacity significantly correlated with iodine value. The physicochemical properties of the contaminated water treated with the adsorbent were comparable with commercial activated charcoal (control)-treated water but indicated a significant decrease (p
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- 2021
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28. Antibiotic resistance: Detection of extended-spectrum betalactamase in Enterobacteriaceae from garden eggs.
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Jibola-Shittu, Motunrayo Yemisi, Badaki, Jacqueline, Adown, Mercy Ibe, and Odewale, Gbolabo
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DRUG resistance in bacteria ,ENTEROBACTERIACEAE ,EGGPLANT ,KLEBSIELLA infections ,GENTAMICIN - Abstract
Background: The emphasis on sustainable good health through the consumption of a healthy diet has necessitated the consumption of fresh vegetables, which could harbour the presence of members of the Enterobacteriaceae, antibiotic resistance and extendedspectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). As a result, this study investigated the presence of antibiotics resistance (AR) and ESBL in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from garden eggs. Methodology: One hundred (100) garden egg samples were randomly purchased from 10 different vendors into sterile bags. Samples were serially diluted and cultured on MacConkey agar for the isolation of Enterobacteriaceae, then characterised and identified. Antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out on isolates following the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Double disc synergy test (DDST) was used to detect ESBL production. Result: Forty-three isolates were identified to belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae with Klebsiella spp. being the most dominant specie (51.16%), Escherichia coli (30.23%), Salmonella (11.23%) and Enterobacter aerogenes (6.98%). Of all the isolates, (65.12%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). The isolates showed highest frequency of resistance to erythromycin (90.7%), gentamicin (34.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (32.6%), ofloxacin (30.2%), ciprofloxacin (25.6%), imipenem (14%), ceftriaxone (11.6%) and nalidixic acid (0.0%). For ESBL production, 23(53.49%) were positive. The ESBL positive isolates (n=23) were Klebsiella spp. 14(60.87%) and Escherichia coli 9 (39.13%). No ESBL production was detected in Salmonella spp. and Enterobacter aerogenes isolates. Conclusion: This study detected the presence of AR and ESBL in Enterobacteriaceae from garden eggs. Consumption of garden eggs contaminated with these bacteria pose a potential problem of infection and spread of resistance in the environment through food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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29. Antibiotic resistance: Detection of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae from garden eggs
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Motunrayo Jibola-Shittu, Jacqueline Badaki, Mercy Adown, and Gbolabo Odewale
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Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
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30. Association of TSST-1 gene with phenotypic antibiotic resistance among clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a tertiary healthcare centre
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Tolulope Ade, Gbolabo Odewale, Morumda Daji, Joshua Ohirhian, and Richard Ojedele
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Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
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31. Gaseous Emission from the Combustion of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) from the Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company (KRPC) in Nigeria
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Oke Michael Abidemi, Sonibare Jacob Ademola, Osunnusi Oluwaseun Adedayo, Ige Oluwafunmiso Ayodele, Oyewale Babatunde Oyeleke, Odekanle Ebenezer Leke, and Odewale Stephen Ayodele
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Pollutant ,Waste management ,020209 energy ,Major stationary source ,Environmental engineering ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,stationary source ,TA170-171 ,Combustion ,analyzer ,Refinery ,Petrochemical ,pollutants ,premium motor spirit ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Environmental science ,combustion - Abstract
Objectives : This study characterizes the gaseous emission from the combustion of PMS of different volumes from Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company.Methods : The E8500 plus combustion analyzer was used for gaseous emission characterization of different volumes. Oxygen (O2), Hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), Oxides of Nitrogen NOx (NO, NO2), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), and Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) were measured using the analyzer. The values were recorded and the descriptive statistics graph was plotted.Results and Discussion : The concentrations for the gaseous emission from the combustion of PMS were 69.85 mg/m3 HC, 117.33 mg/m3 CO, 334 mg/m3 NOx for 10 ml, 58.93 mg/m3 HC, 130.33 mg/m3 CO, 784.33 mg/m3 NOx for 20 ml, 50.20 mg/m3 HC, 84.00 mg/m3 CO, 798.67 mg/m3 NOx for 30 ml, 65.48 mg/m3 HC, 160.33 mg/m3 CO, 850.33 mg/m3 NOx for 40 ml, 87.31 mg/m3 HC, 212.67 mg/m3 CO, 801.33 mg/m3 NOx, 3.67 mg/m3 SO2 for 50 ml. This study shows that CO and HC exceeded the permissible limit for stationary sources while NOx and SO2 were below the permissible limit.Conclusions : Hence, there is a need for rapid response and urgent attention from government and regulatory bodies to develop and implement appropriate policies that will help in reducing the effect. Appropriate measures to control air emissions that may be embarked upon by regulatory bodies include increase in the use of low-emission fuels and renewable fuels such as bio-fuels and introduction of the use of devices with low CO emissions.
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- 2021
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32. 'The Future of Archaeology Is Antiracist': Archaeology in the Time of Black Lives Matter
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Ayana Omilade Flewellen, Alicia Odewale, Alexandra Jones, Maria Franklin, Justin Dunnavant, Tsione Wolde-Michael, and Zoë Crossland
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Archeology ,History ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,060101 anthropology ,060102 archaeology ,Social unrest ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Museology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Racial politics ,Social justice ,Archaeology ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,0601 history and archaeology ,Conversation ,Road map ,Salon ,Black feminism ,media_common - Abstract
This forum builds on the discussion stimulated during an online salon in which the authors participated on June 25, 2020, entitled “Archaeology in the Time of Black Lives Matter,” and which was cosponsored by the Society of Black Archaeologists (SBA), the North American Theoretical Archaeology Group (TAG), and the Columbia Center for Archaeology. The online salon reflected on the social unrest that gripped the United States in the spring of 2020, gauged the history and conditions leading up to it, and considered its rippling throughout the disciplines of archaeology and heritage preservation. Within the forum, the authors go beyond reporting the generative conversation that took place in June by presenting a road map for an antiracist archaeology in which antiblackness is dismantled.
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- 2021
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33. Antibiotic resistance: Detection of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae from garden eggs
- Author
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Jibola-Shittu, Motunrayo, primary, Badaki, Jacqueline, additional, Adown, Mercy, additional, and Odewale, Gbolabo, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Association of TSST-1 gene with phenotypic antibiotic resistance among clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a tertiary healthcare centre
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Ade, Tolulope, primary, Odewale, Gbolabo, additional, Daji, Morumda, additional, Ohirhian, Joshua, additional, and Ojedele, Richard, additional
- Published
- 2022
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35. Comparative effect of organic and Inorganic Copper Supplemented Diets on Performance and Blood Characteristics of Growing Rabbits
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D. O. Sodeinde, T. O. Odewale, Abimbola Oladele Oso, A. V. Jegede, A. O. Fafiolu, and O. O. Oduguwa
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chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Food science ,Copper - Abstract
The effects of organic and inorganic copper sources on the performance and blood characteristics of growing rabbits over a 10 week period were investigated. Six dietary treatments were formulated such that diets 1, 2 and 3 contained 10, 50, and 100ppm of organic copper (Copper proteinate (Cu Pro)) while diets 4, 5 and 6 contained 10, 50 and 100ppm of inorganic copper (copper sulphate (CuSO4). The final weight and daily weight gain were significantly (P
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- 2021
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36. The Effectiveness of Infection Control Practices among Health Care Workers Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria
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Adefunke Adeshina, Ebenezer O. Odewale, Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu, Adeleke Kayode, O. S. Amoo, Bosede O. Amuda, Ayorinde Babatunde James, AP Okwuraiwe, A. G. Ohihoin, Rosemary A. Audu, Fehintola A. Ige, and Chika K. Onwuamah
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business.industry ,Transmission (medicine) ,education ,Outbreak ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Work experience ,General Energy ,Health care ,Pandemic ,Medicine ,Infection control ,Medical emergency ,business ,Personal protective equipment - Abstract
Background: The world is currently experiencing a healthcare crisis caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at the forefront of controlling the spread of the disease; this response has resulted in a huge number of infections amongst HCWs and unfortunately some casualties. Infection prevention and control practices (IPC) are practical, proven methods that prevent avoidable harm to patients and protect health workers from contagious infection. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of IPC practices utilized in COVID-19 testing drive through facility in Lagos Nigeria. Method: The facility recruited 42 HCWs who were trained on IPC and use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs). Training on donning and doffing of PPEs, preparation of decontaminants and sample handling were done for relevant personnel. A daily log for monitoring COVID-19 symptoms was deployed to all HCWs; to help early detection of COVID-19 infection and prevent transmission amongst staff. Results: Of 42 personnel, 92.8% had a tertiary level of education while 71.4% had at least 5 years work experience. A total of 5 (11.9%) out of 42 HCWs were positive by week six of the study. All infected persons worked at the drive through centre. Most common symptom filled in the daily log tool was headache and fatigue. Conclusion: Despite all the measures introduced, 11.9% of HCWs became positive within 6 weeks, showing the highly infectious nature of the virus and the need to research into more effective measures in preventing the transmission of highly infectious pathogens to HCWs during outbreaks.
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- 2021
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37. Corruptions effect on Economic Growth : A study of cross-sectional group of nations: 2012-2020
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Krokstedt Odewale, Victor, Tell Ntanda, Bryan, Krokstedt Odewale, Victor, and Tell Ntanda, Bryan
- Published
- 2022
38. Association of tsst-1 gene and phenotypic antibiotic resistance among clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a tertiary healthcare center.
- Author
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Ade, Tolulope Iorwuese, Odewale, Gbolabo, Daji, Morumda, Ohirhian, Joshua, and Ojedele, Richard Olulowo
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TOXIC shock syndrome toxin-1 ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus ,PHENOTYPES ,METHICILLIN resistance ,POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
Background: The toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) is important in the pathology of toxic shock syndrome. However, little data exist on its prevalence among clinical isolates of S. aureus in Nigeria. Hence, this study was carried out to detect the tsst-1 gene and associate it with phenotypic antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of S. aureus. Methods: Staphylococcus aureus isolates were presumptively identified by Gram's staining and conventional biochemical tests while confirmatory identification was through the detection of the thermonuclease (nuc) gene. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was carried out using the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method while phenotypic detection of methicillin resistance was carried out using the cefoxitin disc sensitivity assay. The tst gene was detected within the genome of the bacterial isolates using Uniplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Of the 152 S. aureus isolates identified in this study, 103 (67.76%) encoded the tst gene. Of these 103 tst-positive isolates, 63 (61.16%) were methicillin-resistant while 40 (38.84%) were methicillin-sensitive. The tst-positive isolates (n=103) were resistant to tetracycline (39.81%), erythromycin (24.27%), gentamicin (22.33%), cotrimoxazole (22.33%), ciprofloxacin (21.36%), fusidic acid (16.5%), fosfomycin (10.68%), and clindamycin (5.82%). Comparatively, tst-negative isolates (n=49) were resistant to tetracycline (69.39%), cotrimoxazole (56.06%), gentamicin (53.06%), ciprofloxacin (51.02%), erythromycin (46.94%), fusidic acid (28.57%), fosfomycin (26.53%), and clindamycin (8.16%). Phenotypic antibiotic resistance is significantly associated with the presence of the tst gene (p<0.05) except for clindamycin and fusidic acid (p>0.05). Coclusion: Hence, the high prevalence of the tst gene and its association with antibiotic resistance in S. aureus is a cause for worry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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39. Lead exposure-induced changes in hematology and biomarkers of hepatic injury: protective role of TrévoTM supplement
- Author
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Ilesanmi, Omotayo B., primary, Adeogun, Esther F., additional, Odewale, Temitope T., additional, and Chikere, Bruno, additional
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- 2022
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40. Chemical Characterization of Nine Locally Made Cement Products for Quality Assurance in Nigeria Cement Industry
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Babatunde O. Oyewale, Stephen A. Odewale, and Atilade A. Oladunni
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Cement ,Engineering ,Waste management ,business.industry ,business ,Quality assurance ,Characterization (materials science) - Abstract
Chemical characterization of Portland limestone cement products collected across the nine existing cement manufacturing plants in Nigeria was conducted using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (EDXRF) with the aim of determining conformity with global and local standards and investigating likely variation in quality resulting from differences in the sources of major raw materials, especially limestone used in production. The cement samples are composed essentially of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, Na2O, K2O and SO3 while P2O5, MnO and TiO2 were present in trace amount. In addition to oxide compositions, the mineralogical components: Alite (C3S), Belite (C2S), Celite (C3A), and Ferrite (C4AF), and other cement quality control variables such as Lime Saturation Factor, Silica Modulus and Alumina Modulus of all the nine cement samples analyzed in this study are in agreement with the specifications for Portland limestone cement published by the Standard Organisation of Nigeria (SON), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), and the British Standards Institution (BSI). The nine cement products also have their compositions in close proportion indicating none of the products is superior in quality irrespective of manufacturer or production site, a common misconception in the Nigerian cement market.
- Published
- 2020
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41. Local Government and Road Infrastructure Delivery: Nigeria Experience
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Ayotunde David Odewale
- Abstract
The provision of essential and basic infrastructure, especially at the Local Government level in Nigeria constitutes a major role in socio-economic and political development, and in improving the standard of living at the grassroots. Sadly, the road infrastructures are in a state of dilemma particularly the Local government roads due to so many constraints. The paper intends to look at these constraints and proffer possible solutions. Both primary and secondary methods were employed. The paper discovered that local government roads constitute the highest trunks of roads, and which got increasing day-by-day due to its proximity to the populace, and yet, the most negligible trunk of road in Nigeria. Finally, some recommendations were articulated.
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- 2020
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42. Reversal effect of Solanum dasyphyllum against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity
- Author
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Esther F. Adeogun, Afolabi C. Akinmoladun, Obade Efe, Temitope T. Odewale, Frances O. Atanu, Tolulope M. Olaleye, and Omotayo B. Ilesanmi
- Subjects
solanum dasyphyllum ,brain ,Pharmacology toxicology ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,rotenone ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,oxidative stress ,Medicine ,Reversal effect ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Neurotoxicity ,General Medicine ,Rotenone ,medicine.disease ,mitochondria respiratory enzymes ,chemistry ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Solanum dasyphyllum - Abstract
We earlier reported the protective effect of Solanum dasyphyllum against cyanide neurotoxicity. In furtherance to this, we investigated the protective effect of S. dasyphyllum against rotenone, a chemical toxin that causes brain-related diseases. Mitochondria fraction obtained from the brain of male Wistar rats was incubated with various solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and methanol) extracts of S. dasyphyllum before rotenone exposure. Mitochondria respiratory enzymes (MRE) were evaluated along with markers of oxidative stress. The inhibition of MRE by rotenone was reversed by treatment with various fractions of S. dasyphyllum. The oxidative stress induced by rotenone was also reversed by fractions of S. dasyphyllum. In addition, the ethylacetate fraction of S. dasyphyllum was most potent against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. In conclusion, S. dasyphyllum is rich in active phytochemicals that can prevent some neurotoxic effects of rotenone exposure. Further study can be done in an in vivo model to substantiate our results.
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- 2020
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43. Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Some Multiple Antibiotic Resistant E. coli from Apparently Healthy Pregnant Women
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G. Odewale, A. J. Falade Fatila, R. Ojedele, and O. C. Adekunle
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Antibiotic resistance ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Development ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Antibiotic resistance genes - Abstract
The emerging drug resistance, especially among the Escherichia coli (E.coli) isolates from pregnant women, spread rapidly within the community. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a well-known bacterial infection posing serious health problem in pregnant women. Also, multi-drug resistance is becoming rampant, and it is of serious public health concern. Treatment of E. coli is now a challenge due to continuous increase in resistance towards commonly prescribed antibiotics, thus posing a threat to treatment. Hence, the aim of the study is to determine antibiotic resistance genes in some multiple antibiotic resistant E.coli from apparently healthy pregnant women in Osun State. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect 150 mid-stream urine samples from apparently healthy pregnant women from March, 2018 to September, 2018. A well structured questionnaire and informed consent were used for data collection. Standard loop technique was used to place 0.001 ml of urine on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) medium, Blood agar, MacConkey agar and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. A standard agar disc diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates. The molecular detection of the resistant genes was done using PCR techniques. The ages of women enrolled in this study ranges from 22 to 42 years (mean ± standard deviation = 31 ± 4.7 years). Escherichia coli showed high percentage of resistance to ampicillin and low resistance to ciprofloxacin and penicillin. All the E. coli isolates were sensitive to levofloxacin, and most were resistant to Meropenem. Multiple drug resistance was observed in all the isolates. Resistance genes in VIM 390bp, bla ctx-M 585bp and TEM 517bp were detected in some of the representative E. coli isolates profiled. This study identified the presence of Multi-drug resistance genes in E. coli associated UTI among pregnant women in Osogbo.
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- 2020
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44. Benefits derived from use of social media by researchers for agricultural information in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State
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Kareem A.T., Olayemi O.O., Babatunde R.O., Ajanaku O.A., Alarape A.B., and Odewale M.O
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- 2020
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45. Genetic Algorithm Based Optimal Trajectories Planning for Robot Manipulators on Assigned Paths
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E. A. Ajayi, O. O. Obe, and O. O. Odewale
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Computer science ,Work (physics) ,General Engineering ,Robot manipulator ,Workspace ,Collision ,Toolbox ,Computer Science::Robotics ,Control theory ,Obstacle ,Genetic algorithm ,MATLAB ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
This research work focuses on finding an optimal trajectory for a robot manipulator taking into consideration the dynamics constraints of the manipulator. A 3–DOF planar robot was modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK toolbox. The simulation of the robot manipulator was carried out using the Genetic Algorithm to find the optimal trajectory both in the workspace with and without obstacles. In both cases, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) generated optimal trajectories. The results of both environments were also compared. The increase in the simulation result in an obstacle existence environment made it possible for optimal trajectory devoid of collision with any obstacle in the working area. Thereafter, result comparison was done with a similar work and the GA method produced a more desired result in terms of execution time.
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- 2020
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46. Experimental Investigation of the Electrical Resistivity of Cement Dust
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Michael Abidemi Oke, Jacob Ademola Sonibare, Oluwatobiloba Alade Ayofe, and Stephen Ayodele Odewale
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Cement ,Materials science ,Electrical resistivity and conductivity ,Metallurgy ,Electrostatic precipitator ,Particulates - Abstract
Electrical resistivity is one of the important particle–based factors influencing the performance of an Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP), a particulate control device commonly employed in most cement industries in Nigeria. Therefore, this study investigated the electrical resistivity of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) across nine locally-operated cement manufacturing plants in Nigeria with the aim of tracing causes of performance problems associated with the ESP used for dust control in the plants. Samples of CKD were collected from the ESPs of these plants and tested for their resistance using the two probe method. The measured electrical resistivities were in the range of 108 – 1011 Ω·cm and showed strong dependence on temperature and slight variation with particle size. The CKD’s resistivity increases as temperature rises from ambient to about 250℃ and declines as temperature rises above 300℃; Nevertheless, the resistivities are adaptable for efficient ESP performance in the collection of cement dust.
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- 2020
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47. Effect of a Phytonutrient-Rich Product and Administration Time on Cyanide-Induced Cardiotoxicity
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Joy Ogbonna, Frances O. Atanu, Bruno Chikere, Omotayo B. Ilesanmi, Temitope T. Odewale, Chinenyenwa Alaneme, David Ogonye, and Esther F. Adeogun
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Cardiotoxicity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Administration time ,Chemistry ,Product (mathematics) ,Cyanide ,Food science - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Seedlings Performance of Triplochiton scleroxylon (K. Schum.) under Different Light Intensities and Soil Textural Classes
- Author
-
Wahab W.T, Odewale M.A, Iroko O. A, and Asinwa I.O
- Subjects
Triplochiton scleroxylon ,Horticulture ,Chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Effect of Various Combustible Materials on Insulating Properties of Refractory Bricks
- Author
-
Dele Kehinde Ogunkunle, Babatunde Joseph David, Victor Tyonenge Dhave Amaakaven, Isiaka Olajide Odewale, Ebere Monica Ameh, Oluwakayode. Boluwaji. Abe, Felix Uga Idu, and Collins Chinecherem Aluma
- Subjects
Combustibility ,Materials science ,Metallurgy - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Trévo abrogates Lead Acetate Neurotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats viz Antiamyloidogenesis, Antiglutaminergic, and Anticholinesterase Activities
- Author
-
Ilesanmi, Omotayo B., primary, Odewale, Temitope Temiloluwa, additional, Avwioroko, Oghenetega J., additional, Ahmed, Eman Ibrahim, additional, Alaneme, Chinenyenwa, additional, Atanu, Francis O., additional, Chikere, Bruno, additional, James, Millicent, additional, Chinagor, Innocent, additional, Albezrah, Nisreen Khalid Aref, additional, Youssef, Amal, additional, Binang, Toyin, additional, and Batiha, Gaber El-Saber, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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