Search

Eudes archevêque de Besançon, notifie qu'Etienne d’Oiselet, chevalier, et Alix sa femme, ont vendu à Morimond pour cent livres tournois la moitié de leur moulin banal de Pompierre, avec la chaussée, le droit de prendre des matériaux pour les réparations du moulin sur le finage de Pompierre, le droit d'y faire un foulon, le droit de transporter le moulin en un autre emplacement du finage de Pompierre, le droit de pêcher au moulin, les usages en bois, prés, terres et eaux comme les habitants de Pompierre, l'obligation banale de moudre au moulin pour les habitants de Pompierre, et la liberté d'y moudre pour ceux de Sartes. Les vendeurs s'engagent en outre à ne pas détourner le cours de la rivière et à ne pas construire un autre moulin à Pompierre ou à Sartes. A. Original sur parchemin jadis scellé, 353 x 218, Arch. dép. Haute-Marne 8 H 25, Pompierre n°1. B. Copie partielle, 'cartulaire' de Morimond, (1476-1480), Bibl. mun. Bourbonne-les-Bains, ms. 1, p. 204-205, n°IIIIc XXVIII. ANAL. Arch. dép. Haute-Marne 8 H 75, fol 139 v°. a. Rouzeau (Benoit), Le patrimoine hydraulique et industriel de l'abbaye cistercienne de Morimond, 2008, …n° LIII, p. 405. d'après A.

Détecté succinctement, en 1997, sur le tracé du gazoduc « Artère des Hauts de France I », le gisement gallo-romain de Pitgam a été appréhendé plus largement, lors des fouilles de 1998, 2012 et 2013, à l’emplacement des stations de compression et d’interconnexion (Gaudefroy, 1997 ; Bouche et al., 1999 ; Elleboode, 2011 et 2013 ; Elleboode et al., 2013). La continuité de ce gisement a été observée au sud-est de ces fouilles, lors des opérations d’archéologie préventive de 2014 et de 2015, menée...

L’Île Barbe est située sur la Saône, à une dizaine de kilomètres au nord de Lyon et a fait l’objet de plusieurs campagnes de diagnostics archéologiques au cours de l’année 2011. La propriété de Sainte-Anne est implantée sur la pointe orientale de l’île. Sa restauration a entraîné la réfection de tous les enduits extérieurs, ainsi que divers aménagements extérieurs comme intérieurs, ce qui a nécessité une fouille préventive associant l’étude du bâti et la surveillance des travaux. C’est dans ce contexte que l’une des tranchées a livré un niveau d’occupation de l’âge du Bronze final. Ce dernier, déjà suspecté lors de la phase de diagnostic (Vicard et alii, 2011 ; Gaillard et alii, 2012) était cette fois caractérisé par la présence d’aménagements divers (fours, soles rubéfiées, trous de poteau, lambeaux de sols…) associés à du mobilier métallique et céramique, particulièrement bien conservé. Deux micro-sondages réalisés manuellement montrent que la couche protohistorique se développe sur plus d’un mètre d’épaisseur (le substrat rocheux n’ayant pas été atteint) et que le niveau daté de l’âge du Bronze final repose sur une couche équivalente qui a livré du mobilier attribué au Néolithique final. À la base de cette dernière, une nouvelle unité sédimentaire a livré quant à elle du mobilier céramique caractéristique du Néolithique moyen. Si l’interprétation de ces découvertes inattendues demeure encore lacunaire, ces dernières font de ce lieu un site exceptionnel de par sa configuration, mais aussi par ses conditions de conservation, jusqu’alors rarement rencontrées dans la région lyonnaise. Île Barbe is located on the Saône, around ten kilometers to the north of Lyon. It was the object of several archaeological test operations in 2011. The Sainte-Anne property is located on the eastern point of the Île. Its restoration included the repair of all the exterior coatings, as well as diverse exterior and interior modifications, thus requiring a preventive excavation associating a study of the built structures and supervision of the construction work. In this context, one of the trenches yielded a Final Bronze Age occupation level. The latter, already suspected during the test phase (Vicard et alii, 2011; Gaillard et alii, 2012), was this time characterized by the presence of diverse features (ovens, rubified sediments, postholes, thin sediment layers, etc.) associated with well-preserved metal and ceramic artifacts. Two small manually dug test-pits show that the Protohistoric level is more than one meter deep (the bedrock has not been reached), and that the level dated to the Final Bronze Age overlies an equivalent level that yielded artifacts attributed to the Final Neolithic. At the bottom of the latter, a new sedimentary unit yielded ceramic artifacts typical of the Middle Neolithic. Though the interpretation of these unexpected discoveries is still incomplete, the latter make this site exceptional in terms of its configuration and preservation conditions, until now rarely encountered in the Lyon region. Die Île Barbe liegt in der Saône, ca. 10 Kilometer nördlich von Lyon und war 2011 Gegenstand mehrerer archäologischer Maßnahmen. Die ehemalige Kirche Sainte-Anne liegt auf der östlichen Spitze der Insel. Ihre Restaurierung hat die Ausbesserung des Putzes und verschiedener Innen- und Außenanlagen erfordert. Zudem erwies sich eine Rettungsgrabung mit Baustellenüberwachung und Untersuchung der Bausubstanz als notwendig. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde in einem der Gräben eine bronzezeitliche Siedlungsschicht freigelegt. Sie wurde bereits anlässlich der archäologischen Gutachten (Vicard et alii, 2011 ; Gaillard et alii, 2012) vermutet, doch nun wurde sie anhand verschiedener Befunde (Ofen, brandgerötete Ofensohlen, Pfostenlöcher, fragmentarisch erhaltene Laufhorizonte…) und hervorragend erhaltener Metall- und Keramikfunde nachgewiesen. Zwei kleine, manuell durchgeführte Sondagen zeigen, dass die frühgeschichtliche Schicht eine Dicke von über einen Meter aufweist (der felsige Untergrund wurde nicht erreicht) und dass das spätbronzezeitliche Niveau auf eine Schicht mit endneolithischen Artefakten folgt. Unter dieser Schicht lieferte eine weitere Schicht typisch mittelneolithische Keramik. Die Interpretation dieser unerwarteten Entdeckungen weist zwar noch Lücken auf, doch die um Lyon bisher nur selten angetroffenen Erhaltungsbedingungen und Konfiguration der Befunde machen aus dem Ort eine außergewöhnliche Fundstätte.

Following the food price crisis in 2008, African governments implemented policies aiming at crowding in investment in rice value chain upgrading to help domestic rice compete with imports. We assess the state of rice value chain upgrading in West Africa by reviewing evidence on rice millers’ investment in semi-industrial and industrial milling technologies, contract farming and vertical integration during the post-crisis period 2009–2019. We find that upgrading is more dynamic in countries with high rice production and import bills and limited comparative advantage in demand. However, scaling of upgrading faces several challenges in terms of vertical coordination, technology, finance and policies. Our assessment can help value chain actors and policy makers refine upgrading strategies and policies to increase food security in West Africa., Highlights • Rice value chain upgrading in West Africa is heterogeneous among countries. • Upgrading involves milling technologies, contract farming and vertical integration. • In 2019, 57 industrial and semi-industrial rice mills were operating in West Africa. • Import bill, rice production and cultural heritage jointly explain 89% of heterogeneity. • Challenges include vertical coordination, technology, finance and policies.

The compositional breakage equation is derived, in which the distributions of botanical components following milling of wheat are defined in terms of compositional breakage functions and concentration functions. The forms of the underlying functions are determined using experimental data for Outer Pericarp, Intermediate Layer, Aleurone and Starchy Endosperm generated from spectroscopic analysis of milled fractions of a hard and a soft wheat milled under Sharp-to-Sharp (S–S) and Dull-to-Dull (D–D) dispositions. For the hard Mallacca wheat, the Outer Pericarp, Intermediate Layer and Aleurone compositions mostly varied with particle size in similar ways, consistent with these layers fusing together as “bran” and breaking together, although with possibly a subtle difference around the production of very fine particles under D–D milling. By contrast, for the soft Consort wheat, Outer Pericarp, Intermediate Layer and Aleurone were distributed in broken particles very differently, particularly under D–D milling, suggesting a different breakage mechanism associated with differences in the mechanical properties and adhesion of the bran layers. These new insights into the nature of wheat breakage and the contributions of the component tissues could have implications for wheat breeding and flour mill operation.

Suite à l’extension d’une carrière à Val-de-Reuil, une fouille a été menée durant l’été 2010. Dans un contexte archéologique riche, cette opération a mis au jour les vestiges de plusieurs périodes. Les indices du Néolithique et du Bronze final sont rares et certaines structures montrent une occupation de la fin du premier âge du fer. La période la mieux représentée correspond à la transition entre La Tène moyenne et finale. Pour cette phase d’occupation, un enclos à vocation domestique a été trouvé. Il est complété par plusieurs batteries de greniers en bordure d’un paléochenal de l’Eure. Following the extension of a quarry in Val-de-Reuil, an excavation was conducted during the summer of 2010. In a rich archaeological context, this operation brought to light the remains from several periods. Relics from the Neolithic and the Final Bronze periods are rare and some structures point to a settlement dating back to the end of the first Iron Age. The most representative period corresponds to the transition between the Middle and Late European Iron Ages (La Tène culture). An enclosure used for domestic purposes was discovered that corresponds to this settlement phase. The findings are completed by a cluster of granaries bordering a paleochannel of the Eure river.

L’établissement rural de l’âge du fer de Louviers s’inscrit dans un secteur de la vallée de l’Eure où les gisements de cette nature commencent à être bien connus. Trois enclos emboîtés composent son plan et les différents phasages, ainsi que le mobilier, indiquent une fréquentation du site centrée sur La Tène D1. Par ailleurs, une petite occupation de l’âge du bronze, sous forme de structures funéraires et domestiques a précédé l’implantation de cet établissement. The Iron Age rural settlement of Louviers lies in a part of the Eure valley where sites of this type are becoming well known. It is made up of three enclosures that are clustered together, and the different phases and elements that have been discovered indicate that frequentation of the site was concentrated in the La Tène D1 period. In addition, a small Bronze Age site, in the form of funerary and domestic structures, preceded the establishment of this settlement.

Lignocellulosic feedstocks present a growing interest in many industrial processes as they are an ecological alternative to petroleum-based products. Generally, the size of plant raw materials needs to be reduced by milling step(s), to increase density, facilitate transport and storage, and to increase reactivity. However, this unit operation can prove to be important in term of investments, functioning costs, and energy consumption if the process is not fully adapted to the histological structure of the plant material, possibly challenging the profitability of the whole chain of the biomass conversion. In this paper, the different technologies that can be used for the milling of lignocellulosic biomass were reviewed and different avenues are suggested to improve the milling performances thanks to thermal pretreatments. Based on examples on wheat straw milling, the main points to take into consideration in the choice of a milling technologies have been highlighted in regards to the specifications of ground powder. A specific focus on the hazards associated to the milling and the manipulation of fine biomass particles is also realized at the end of the paper from the perspective of industrial applications.

The comminution of lignocellulosic biomass is a key operation for many applications as bio-based materials, bio-energy or green chemistry. The grinder used can have a significant impact on the properties of the ground powders, of those of the end-products and on the energy consumption. Since several years, the milling of lignocellulosic biomass has been the subject of numerous studies most often focused on specific materials and/or applications but there is still a lack of generic knowledge about the relation between the histological structure of the raw materials, the milling technologies and the physical and chemical properties of the powders. This review aims to point out the main process parameters and plant raw material properties that influence the milling operation and their consequences on the properties of ground powders and on the energy consumption during the comminution.

Kernel texture is a major determinant of end-use quality of wheat. Durum wheat is known for its very hard texture, which influences how it is milled and for what products it is well suited. We developed soft kernel durum wheat lines via Ph1b-mediated homoeologous recombination with Dr. Leonard Joppa. The Hardness locus from Chinese Spring was successfully transferred to cv. Svevo durum wheat; Svevo was back-crossed 3 times to produce ‘Soft Svevo’ (Morris et al. 2011). Soft Svevo had SKCS kernel hardness, break flour yield, flour starch damage, and flour particle size similar to soft hexaploid wheat (Murray et al. 2016). Compared to Svevo, Soft Svevo had much reduced Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) -water, -carbonate, and -sucrose; whereas SRC-lactic acid was similar to Svevo. Similarly, Mixograph, Farinograph and Alveograph results indicated much reduced water absorption, but similar gluten strength. Cookie diameter of Soft Svevo was markedly larger and similar to soft wheat (Murray et al. 2017). The energy required to produce flour was dramatically reduced: 624±200 kJ/kg flour for Svevo vs. 146±20 kJ/kg flour for Soft Svevo. When Soft Svevo was crossed to 10 CIMMYT durum parents, half-sib families and full-sib lines within families showed significant differences in SKCS hardness, break flour and total flour yields, starch damage, SRCwater, -carbonate, -sucrose, and -lactic acid, and flour SDS sedimentation volume. Cookie diameters ranged from 8.68 to 9.57 cm. Mean bread loaf volumes for families ranged from 680 to 838 cm3. Results illustrate the significant effect of the Puroindoline genes and the Hardness locus on kernel texture and end-use quality, and demonstrate that soft kernel durum wheat has properties similar to soft hexaploid wheat. Further, the hard durum parent has a significant effect on end-use quality traits by contributing superior alleles for soft wheat milling, flour properties, dough and bread quality.

The evolution of grading-curves during powder milling or agglomeration processes includes a wealth of information about the mechanisms involved at the scale of particles. However, such information can hardly be retrieved from the particle size distribution (PSD). Based on a minimization technique we developed a methodology for the decomposition of grading curves as sub-PSDs. In this paper we follow their evolution with time in the specific case of the comminution of wheat straw.

Lors des procédés de mouture, le grain de blé est fractionné à l’échelle histologique avec séparation de l’albumen amylacé, principalement récupéré dans les farines ou semoule, des tissus les plus périphériques, récupérés dans les sons. Les proportions de chaque tissu dans ces ingrédients impacte leur qualité nutritionnelle ainsi que leurs propriétés d’usages. L’évaluation de leur dissociation à l’échelle de la particule est par ailleurs nécessaire à la compréhension, au contrôle et à l’optimisation de ces procédés. Si l’identification d’un tissu végétal est assez aisée dans une coupe d’organe, elle est beaucoup plus difficile dans une particule où seules les propriétés liées aux différences de composition peuvent encore être utilisées comme critère d’identification. De nombreux tissus végétaux peuvent être observés grâce à l’autofluorescence de leurs composés pariétaux. L’imagerie multispectrale à l’échelle macroscopique permet d’observer rapidement des objets avec un large champ de vue (>1cm2) et une bonne résolution spatiale (

[EN] Although cereals are among the most important staple foods worldwide, we know little about how they were prepared for consumption in prehistoric times. That is wh international experts on macrobotanical remains (seeds, fruits etc.), microfossils (starch granules and phytoliths), and on use-wear analysis morphotechnology of grinding devices were invited to attend a workshop at the IPAS. The article published here summarises the lectures held at the workshop and provides an overview on the state of research and on the great variety of cereal-based foods known from ethnographical sources. It aims to show how such remains should be recovered and what the biggest gaps in the research are. Standard criteria must be established for the study of cereal products and a database must be created which records the contents and structural characteristics of such remains., [FR] Partout dans le monde, les cereales sont essentielles parmi les aliments de base. Malgre cette suprematie, an ne sait pratiquement rien de la forme saus laquelle elles etaient consommees aux epoques pre- et protohistoriques. La reunion de travail organisee a l'IPNA a rassemble des experts internationaux specialises dans le domaine des macrarestes botaniques (graines, fruits, etc.}, des microrestes (particules d'amidon et phytolithes), de meme que dans celui de la traceologie et de la morphotechnologie des outils utilises pour Ia mouture. Le present article propose un resume des communications et fournit une vue d'ensemble de l'etat de la recherche, de meme que de La grande diversite des aliments a base de cereales connus de Sources ethnographiques. Les auteurs ont pour objectifs d'informer sur le maniement correct de ces vestiges et de deceler les principales lacunes dont souffre Ia recherche. Il est prevu de mettre sur pied des criteres homogenes applicables a l'etude des produits a base de cereale, et de creer une banque de donnees rassemblant !es contenus et les proprietes structurales de tels vestiges., [DE] Getreide gehören weltweit zu den wichtigsten Grundnahrungsmitteln. Trotzdem ist wenig darüber bekannt, in welcher Form sie in vorgeschichtlicher Zeit konsumiert wurden. Das am IPNA durchgeführte Arbeitstreffen brachte deshalb internationale Experten und Expertinnen von botanischen Makroresten (Samen, Früchte usw.), Mikroresten ( Stärkekörner und Phytolithen) sowie Gebrauchsspuren und Morphotechnologie von Mahlwerkzeugen zusammen. Der vorliegende Artikel präsentiert eine Zusammen-fassung der gehaltenen Vorträge und gibt einen Überblick über den Forschungsstand sowie über die grosse Vielfalt an Getreidespeisen, welche aus ethnografischen Quellen bekannt ist. Er will vermitteln, wie solche Reste sachgerecht geborgen werden und wo die Forschungslücken am grössten sind. In Zukunft sollten einheitliche Kriterien für die Untersuchung von Getreideprodukten erarbeitet und eine Datenbank der Inhalte und der strukturellen Eigenschaften solcher Reste aufgebaut werden., [IT] A livello mondiale i cereali sono tra gli alimenti di base di maggiore importanza. Ciononostante poco e risaputo sui modi di consumazione nella preistoria. L'incontro di lavoro tenutosi all'IPNA ha riunito esperti ed esperte internazionali di macroresti botanici (semi, frutti, ecc.), di microresti (granuli di amidi, fitoliti), dell'analisi di tracce d'uso e di tecno-morfologia degli attrezzi per La macinatura. L'articolo riassume le presentazioni tenute, fornisce un quadro dello stato della ricerca e sintetizza Ia grande varieta di alimenti a base di ereali conosciuti da fonti etnografiche. lnoltre, vuole informare su come recuperare questi resti in modo appropriato e sulle attuali lacune della ricerca. Per il futuro si auspica l'elaborazione di criteri unanimi per l'analisi dei resti cereali e La creazione di una banca dati per i contenuti e le caratteristiche strulturali di questi resti., Dem Schweizerischen Nationalfonds (IZ32Z0_161668) und der AVUBA (Assistierendenvereinigung der Universität Basel) danken wir für die finanzielle Unterstützung.

Wheat grain contains about 12-14% of fibres mainly located in the outer layers. Moreover, the composition and the structure of fibres, as well as the nature and amount of co-passengers, varie according to the tissue where they are originated from. The aleurone layer is rich in low substituted arabinoxylans esterified to ferulic acid whereas outer pericarp contains highly substituted arabinoxylans but also cellulose and lignin. Therefore wheat fibres properties (such as enzymatic hydrolysis susceptibility, fermentescibility) showed a high variability according to their origin within the grain. Conventional milling technology allows fibres separation from the starchy endosperm (recovered in flour/semolina) to the outer layers (recovered in the bran fraction). However, this process is unable to sort out the various fibres encountered in the whole grain and its peripheral layers with a view to enhance positive nutritional effect. Accordingly, other processes have to be developed with the aim to produce fractions enriched with selected fibres within the outer layers. Debranning technology was studied in order to recover enriched dietary fibre fractions with contrasted composition and properties. At first, common and durum wheat were both processed at the pilot scale (300 kg/h) in order to identify any differences in tissue composition for similar debranning yield and to determine how tissues segregate during debranning. The influence of tempering and dehulling process on the debranning kinetics were analysed through a parametric study. Wheat grain tissue proportions were determined in each dehulled fraction by the marker methodology (Hemery et al., 2009) in order to assess the histological origin of fibres and their co-passengers. This quantitative analysis was related to a qualitative microscopic observation of debranned grains. It was then possible to follow the separation of each outer layer according to the debranning rate. Considering the wheat grain geometry no pure fraction of each tissue was obtained. However combination between markers methodology and debranning unit operations (friction and/or abrasion) allows obtaining enriched fractions either from pericarp or from aleurone layer. An optimised debranning diagram is proposed to produce contrasted fractions, in term of composition (pericarp amount vs aleurone layer amount), that could not be obtained in conventional mill streams. The potential interest of such fractions will be further evaluated on a nutritional point of view.

Le fractionnement par voie sèche tire profit des hétérogénéités structurales et de distribution des constituants du grain de blé afin de produire des ingrédients qui seront la base des produits céréaliers de grande consommation. Le procédé classique de mouture a été historiquement optimisé pour accéder aux constituants énergétiques du grain (amidon, protéine) par la production de farine/semoule qui sont généralement dépourvues de la majorité des fibres et des micronutriments du grain. Il est possible de revisiter ce procédé afin de produire des farines enrichies en ces composés d’intérêt nutritionnel. Par ailleurs des procédés innovants, tels que le broyage cryogénique ou le tri électrostatique, sont explorés afin d’extraire ces constituants pour la production de nouveaux ingrédients alimentaires, que ce soit à partir des grains ou en développant une raffinerie des sons de meunerie., order to produce food ingredients that will be the base of a large number of cereal-based food products.Dry milling was optimized in the past to extract energetic compounds of grains (starch, protein)recovered in refined flour/semolina from which almost all fibres and micronutrients are discarded.Conventional milling processes can be revisited to produce flours enriched in these components ofinterest. Moreover, innovative technologies, such as cryogeny or electrostatic separation, are underinvestigations to produce new food ingredients either from wheat grains or brans (coming fromconventional milling).

International audience; The milling behavior of two naturally infected samples from durum wheat grains displaying contrasting levels of mycotoxins were analyzed. Although the two samples showed a similar milling behavior, an increase of about twenty percent in deoxynivalenol level was found in semolina from the sample containing the higher amount of mycotoxins. However, even if the highest concentration of deoxynivalenol was found in fractions originating from the grain outer layers, the mycotoxin contamination in semolina and flours were not related to the amount of two biochemical compounds (ash or phytic acid) that could be used as markers to monitor these external tissues. Presence of the trichothecene-producing fungi in the most internal semolina fraction was also shown using specific DNA primers and PCR amplification. Comparison between deoxynivalenol concentration in the feedings and corresponding output at each milling step or grinding of semolina fractions followed by sizing showed that mycotoxin concentration occurs in the finest particles at the first processing steps. Therefore, deoxynivalenol contamination of the milling fractions is not simply due to the presence of peripheral grain tissues.

This paper summarizes a série of informations about Neolithic crushing equipment from Touraine, which was long unknown. This material is placed within the regional Neolithic context and some general considerations are presented., Présentation d'une série de documents relatifs à la mouture néolithique restée longtemps méconnue en Touraine, considérations générales sur le sujet, place de ce matériel dans le contexte néolithique régional., Cordier Gérard. Matériel néolithique tourangeau de mouture et de broyage. / Neolithic crushing and grinding equipment from Touraine . In: Revue archéologique du Centre de la France, tome 30, 1991. pp. 47-70.

International audience; The purpose of the current experiment was to investigate the impacts of grinding and pelleting procedures applied to wheat in a wheat-rapeseed meal diet on the coefficients of standardized ileal digestibility, i.e., apparent digestibility corrected for basal endogenous losses (CSID), and true ileal digestibility, i.e., apparent digestibility corrected for total endogenous losses (CTID), of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AA) in pigs. Heal digestibility was measured by collecting digesta from pigs fitted with ileorectal anastomoses. Four diets, involving four technological treatments applied to wheat, were compared in vivo according to a 4 x 4 Latin square design (four pigs each fed four diets during four successive periods of I week). The technological treatments of wheat were two grinding procedures and two pelleting processes. Wheat was ground to obtain mean flour particle sizes of 1000 and 500 mu m, leading after mixing with rapeseed meal and minerals-vitamins premix to the first and second diets named "coarse" and "fine", respectively. Part of the 500 mu m wheat flour was pelleted through dies of same screen diameter (4 mm) but different thicknesses, 16 and 20 mm, inducing a low and high compression ratio, leading after mixing with rapeseed meal and premix to the third and fourth diets named "LCR" and "HCR", respectively. Basal endogenous losses were determined by feeding a protein-free diet during the 5th week of the experiment. Total endogenous losses were measured by way of the isotopic dilution method using N-15-labeled wheat and rapeseed meal. Decreasing wheat particle size from 1000 to 500 mu m improved (P0.10) energy or organic matter digestibility but improved (P

Des outils domestiques, perdus pendant 35 ans, trouvés par André Leroi-Gourhan lors de ses fouilles de la grotte du Renne à Arcy-sur-Cure, apportent un éclairage nouveau sur les comportements des derniers Néandertaliens et sur leurs relations avec les premiers hommes modernes parvenus en Europe.

The objective of this work was to characterise the particle size of milling products by image analysis. Four classes of milling products were obtained by varying the roll gap of the second break roll of the mill. Images were acquired by using an in-flow imaging system implemented in the mill, and 1300 images were recorded for each class. Three methods of image analysis were investigated: morphological opening, constant grey level run lengths and grey level spatial interdependences. Discriminant anlyses were applied to the data extracted from the images by the three methods in order to identify each class of milling product. More than 77% of the samples were correctly assigned to their group both for the calibration and validation sets. The best results were obtained by applyng morphological openings or by computing parameters from the co-occurrence matrices. The number of correct classifications rose to 81% of samples with only three variables selected for the opening curves and to 83% with three co-occurrence parameters., L'objectif de ce travail était de caractériser la granulométrie de blé en cours de broyage par analyse d'image. Quatre classes de produits ont été obtenues en faisant varier l'écartement des rouleaux du deuxième broyeur du moulin. Le dispositif d'analyse d'image a été installé en ligne et 1300 images ont été enregistrées pour chaque classe. Trois méthodes globales d'analyse d'image ont été testées : l'ouverture morphologique, les longueurs de lignes à niveaux de gris constant, l'interdépendance spatiale des niveaux de gris. Une analyse discriminante a été appliquée sur les données extraites par ces trois méthodes. Plus de 77% des échantillons, de l'ensemble d'apprentissage ou de l'ensemble de validation, ont été correctement classés. Les meilleurs résultats ont été obtenus par le traitement des données issues de par la distribution par ouverture d'une part, et des matrices de co-occurrences d'autre part. Les performances en classification atteignent 81% avec seulement 3 paramètres pour la distribution par ouvertures et, 83% avec 3 paramètres des matrices de co-occurrences.

National audience; Vingt six échantillons de maïs hybrides, ROSSO de type corné, VOLGA de type denté, DEA et MONARQUE de type corné-denté, cultivés dans des conditions agronomiques variables, sont broyés et séparés en fractions par voie sèche.

National audience