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Entrepreneurship in the hospitality industry is a challenging field in the current socio-economic context. Putting customers at the center of business is the priority for global hospitality and tourism companies. This paper aims to define the concept of entrepreneurship in the hospitality industry and to present the case of Marriott International, one of the famous and largest hotel chains. The research methodology was based on a quantitative research method and a case study. The paper contributes to the deepening of the theoretical framework to better understand the concept of entrepreneurship in the hospitality industry. It also shows how Marriott International has succeeded in becoming one of the most important hotel chains worldwide. The presentation of the concepts of entrepreneurship in the hospitality industry by reference to Marriott International represents an original approach. The outcome of this paper provides a guidance tool for professionals from the hospitality industry and for persons that are interested in the field of entrepreneurship, in general, and regarding the hospitality industry, particularly.

Purpose: This case study examines Marriott Corporation’s large and successful spinoff between 1993 and 1995 and the concomitant adoption of a corporate ALFO strategy enabled by the transfer of assets and debt between the two entities. As an example of corporate restructuring, it involves changing ownership, operational structure, or business activities within a corporation in order to improve shareholder performance. Methods: Key directional changes in Marriott’s history that have changed the structure of the business is used to examine the spinoff and ALFO strategy adaptation. Results: Marriot have been characterised by a small number of significant and foresightful innovations. There was a great deal of importance attached to the company’s move away from food service and towards accommodation in the future. During the early stages of the company’s existence, the company was located near Marriott’s Bethesda headquarters and was headed by the founder’s oldest son. There is no doubt that these investments have been probing in nature in the recent past, but they are significant in terms of scale and commitment in the future. Implications: Marriott’s success can be attributed to the fact that the company has a flexible corporate strategy that focuses on high growth and high yield business opportunities, as well as the willingness to dispose of assets that don’t provide this outcome. As a result of this focus, the company was able to grow globally from the 1990s onwards. Ultimately, it can be said that the company’s success can be attributed to the fact that it has adapted appropriately and successfully to changing operational and industry realities over the course of many decades, especially as exigencies in the asset and debt markets rendered the portfolio structure it had developed over so many decades unsustainable.

Küyerelleşme kavramı; küresel olan ürün, değer veya işletmenin değerlerinin yerel kültürlere uyarlanmasıdır. Örneğin zincir oteller dünya üzerinde farklı birçok noktada, her kültürden insanın konaklama yaptığı küresel işletmelerdir. Bu kapsamda iç mekân tasarımlarında, kullanıcıların çoğunluğuna hitap edebilmek ve kurumsal kimliğini yansıtabilmek amacıyla genel geçer tasarım ögeleri kullanmaktayken; bulundukları coğrafyanın kültürünü misafirlere yansıtmak veya yerel müşterilere de hitap edebilmek adına küyerelleşme etkileri görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; zincir otellerde müşterilerinin zihninde ilk izlenimlerini oluşturduğu bölüm olan lobilerde, küyerelleşme bağlamında yapılan tasarımları belirlemektir. Bu amaca yönelik yöntem olarak alınyazın taraması yapılmış ve Forbes’a göre dünyadaki en büyük otel grubu olan Marriott Otel deneysel alan olarak belirlenmiştir. Grubun kendi adını taşıyan markasının, Dünya kültür bölgeleri haritasına göre 8 farklı kültür bölgesinden birer oteli seçilerek; resmî web sitelerindeki görseller üzerinden, oluşturulan tasarımda kültürel kimlik unsurları kapsamında incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak seçilen otellerin lobilerinde, bulundukları coğrafyanın kültürünü yansıtan unsurlar tespit edilerek; küyerelleşme kavramının iç mekân tasarımına etkileri ortaya konmuştur.

Human resources are the first elements of an organization. This study aims to find out and analyze the efforts made by the human resource (HR) department in improving the employee performance of JW Marriott Surabaya. This research was conducted to Human Resources, they are Assistant HR and Training Manager and Human Resources Coordinator took using Purposive Sampling technique, which is considered to know the efforts to improve employees’ performance. Data collection techniques by using observation, interviews, documentation, and studies literature. Data analysis in this study uses a qualitative method with technical triangulation analysis. The results showed that performance improvement efforts began with, employee placement, training and development, discipline in employee attendance, and the provision of salaries and compensation to employees but the need for supervision, multiplying variants of methods in training, and acting decisively to employees who are less disciplined to existing regulations.

The article presents the discussion on surveillance capitalism including company's tracking system, the librarian giving the children stickers and registering for the online summer reading program.

In this article, I read selected texts by D. S. Marriott, E. A. Markham, John La Rose, Maud Sulter, and Bhanu Kapil, reading the racial formation, poetic form, and performance of identity in these texts in terms of ‘curve’, ‘warp’, and ‘corpse’. I define and redefine these terms as movements, directions, and forms of reading, structuring my discussions accordingly, with regards to the subjects of migration, social relations, racialisation, and representation. I offer my selection and my readings of the writers and texts according to the following areas of research: representations of social relations and racial formation in poetry; dissimulation and obscurity as methods and forms that enable the resistance and refusal of visibility; performance of identity as representational strategy that also reveals the possibilities and impossibilities of representing subjectivity, existence, and life. My methodology combines historical and biographical contextualisation of the writers and texts, theorisation of race and representation, and close reading. My objectives are to promote the selected writers and texts, to offer a contribution to existing literary criticism and the ongoing study of race and poetry, to share my readings and to invite further reading and sharing. The texts include poetry, fiction, personal narrative, and visual art, as well as literary and art criticism and critical theory, primarily: Marriott’s essay ‘Corpsing; or, The Matter of Black Life’ (2016) and the poem ‘Pot Kettle Black’ (2011); Markham’s lecture ‘West Indian Writing in Britain: Is It True to Type?’ (1998) and the poem ‘Lambchops Has a Problem’ (1976); La Rose’s poems ‘Not From Here’ and ‘Me As Well – The Blackman’ (1966); Sulter’s poem ‘Historical Objects’ (1989), the text and visual artwork Zabat (1989), and the anthology Passion: Discourses on Blackwomen’s Creativity (1990); Kapil’s book Ban en Banlieue (2015).

This article presents a conversation between the authors, James Marriott and Suzi Gablik. Marriott is a founding member and co-director of PLATFORM, a London-based, award-winning organization focused on social and ecological justice. Gablik is the author of "The Reenchantment of Art," "Conversations Before the End of Time," and "Living the Magical Life." In this conversation, which took place in Blacksburg, Virginia, on April 16, 2006, Marriott and Gablik talk about tipping points and sinking ships.

As federal strategic plans prioritize increasing diversity within the biomedical workforce, and STEM training and outreach programs seek to recruit and retain students from historically underrepresented populations, there is a need for interrogation of traditional demographic descriptors and careful consideration of best practices for obtaining demographic data. To accelerate this work, equity-focused researchers and leaders from STEM programs convened to examine approaches for measuring demographic variables. Gender, race/ethnicity, disability, and disadvantaged background were prioritized given their focus by federal funding agencies. Categories of sex minority, sexual (orientation) minority, and gender minority (SSGM) should be included in demographic measures collected by STEM programs, consistent with recommendations from White House Executive Orders and federal reports. Our manuscript offers operationalized phrasing for demographic questions and recommendations for use across student-serving programs. Inclusive demographics permit the identification of individuals who are being excluded, marginalized, or improperly aggregated, increasing capacity to address inequities in biomedical research training. As trainees do not enter training programs with equal access, accommodations, or preparation, inclusive demographic measures can welcome trainees and inform a nuanced set of program outcomes that facilitate research on intersectionality to support the recruitment and retention of underrepresented students in biomedical research.

Human capital should be seen as one of the most valuable assets to hotel businesses that aim for offering excellence, hospitality, efficiency and helpfulness to their business segment. In this sense, this paper has as main objective the exposure of principles and values that support the logic of workers’ capacity and training process in hotel ambience, seen here as a fundamental precept to structure a service and a treatment based on excellence values. Exposed it, this academic research has its methodological foundation on quantitative and qualitative analysis presented by a case study - JW Marriott Rio de Janeiro - seeking to exhibit an evaluation of training policies and their effects on excellence in service, in order to demonstrate how their guidelines reflect on hotel business operational and managerial results. Thus, the sample universe, guided by the perception of 26 workers on organizational training activities, allowed the following considerations: (1) there is, through different departments of this organization, the recognition of the importance of this process and its inferences on organizational results, conditioning to ensuring excellence of services; (2) the logic, the frequency and the commitment to the values presented by this guidelines allow a greater security and reliability on human resource, encouraging its proactivity. Finally, it will be discussed how such issues need to be seen as competitive advantages, able of offering its employees a "know how" essential for satisfaction, enchantment and loyalty of a hotel demand.

This study was conducted to determine the company's strategy in raising hotel revenue during the low season. The purpose of this research is to find out the prioritized marketing strategies during the low season. The research method of this study is a combined qualitative and quantitative method. The key respondents of 6 staffs including managers in the Sales and Marketing Department. The data analysis techniques used are Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS), Internal-External (IE) Matrix, SWOT Analysis, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) Analysis. The results showed that the hotel's internal and external factors were influential in increasing revenues. Based on the IFAS matrix, the main strength of the hotel is the service by prioritizing the quality of the restaurant and Spa at the hotel, the downside is not having direct access to the beach. In the EFAS matrix, it is known that one of its chances is very good internet speed and can be reached until the basement; the threat is many competitors offer cheaper room rates. The result of the IE Matrix Assessment puts the company in the position of Growth cell I (Concentration through Vertical Integration). SWOT analysis has resulted in 8 alternative marketing strategies. The main strategy with a value of TAS (Total Attractive Score) of 158.80 resulted from QSPM analysis is expanding restaurant and spa promotion through social media.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) merupakan salah satu strategi untuk mempertahankan pelanggan. Dengan terjalinnya hubungan yang erat diharapkan pelanggan menjadi loyal pada perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh CRM terhadap loyalitas pelanggan di Hotel JW Marriott Surabaya dengan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CRM yang meliputi financial benefits, social benefits dan structural ties berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan Hotel JW Marriott Surabaya. Faktor yang berpengaruh dominan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan Hotel JW Marriott Surabaya adalah structural ties.

Environmental management and sustainability have been recent important issues in the hospitality industry. The hotel industry, as a main sector of the hospitality industry, has benefited from environmental initiatives through improving corporate image and increasing resource and energy efficiency. Among various environmental issues that have been addressed in the hotel industry, managerial influence on environmental management is rarely investigated. The purpose of this paper was to examine the current state of environmental management in the Marriott Hotel in Warsaw. Further, this paper also determined a relationship between TQEM managers’ personal environmental attitudes and organizational involvement in environmental management practices from the Marriott Hotel Warsaw. To achieve the purpose, the work examined currently adopted green practices, environmental attitudes,

BACKGROUND: Cancer health research relies on large-scale cohorts to derive generalizable results for different populations. While traditional epidemiological cohorts often use costly random sampling or self-motivated, preselected groups, a shift toward health system-based cohorts has emerged. However, such cohorts depend on participants remaining within a single system. Recent consumer engagement models using smartphone-based communication, driving projects, and social media have begun to upend these paradigms. METHODS: We initiated the Healthy Oregon Project (HOP) to support basic and clinical cancer research. HOP study employs a novel, cost-effective remote recruitment approach to effectively establish a large-scale cohort for population-based studies. The recruitment leverages the unique email account, the HOP website, and social media platforms to direct smartphone users to the study app, which facilitates saliva sample collection and survey administration. Monthly newsletters further facilitate engagement and outreach to broader communities. RESULTS: By the end of 2022, the HOP has enrolled approximately 35,000 participants aged 18-100 years (median = 44.2 years), comprising more than 1% of the Oregon adult population. Among those who have app access, ∼87% provided consent to genetic screening. The HOP monthly email newsletters have an average open rate of 38%. Efforts continue to be made to improve survey response rates. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the efficacy of remote recruitment approaches in establishing large-scale cohorts for population-based cancer studies. The implementation of the study facilitates the collection of extensive survey and biological data into a repository that can be broadly shared and supports collaborative clinical and translational research.

Abstract Background Huntington’s disease (HD) is a genetic neurological disorder predominantly characterised by the progressive loss of GABAergic medium spiny neurons in the striatum resulting in motor dysfunction. One potential strategy for the treatment of HD is the development of cell replacement therapies to restore neuronal circuitry and function by the replacement of lost neurons. We propose the generation of lineage-specific human lateral ganglionic eminence precursors (hiLGEP) using direct reprogramming technology provides a novel and clinically viable cell source for cell replacement therapy for HD. Methods hiLGEPs were derived by direct reprogramming of adult human dermal fibroblasts (aHDFs) using chemically modified mRNA (cmRNA) and a defined reprogramming medium. hiLGEPs were differentiated in vitro using an optimised striatal differentiation medium. Acquisition of a striatal precursor and neural cell fate was assessed through gene expression and immunocytochemical analysis of key markers. hiLGEP-derived striatal neuron functionality in vitro was demonstrated by calcium imaging using Cal-520. To investigate the ability for hiLGEP to survive, differentiate and functionally integrate in vivo, we transplanted hiLGEPs into the striatum of quinolinic acid (QA)-lesioned rats and performed behavioural assessment using the cylinder test over the course of 14 weeks. Survival and differentiation of hiLGEPs was assessed at 8 and 14-weeks post-transplant by immunohistochemical analysis. Results We demonstrate the capability to generate hiLGEPs from aHDFs using cmRNA encoding the pro-neural genes SOX2 and PAX6, combined with a reprogramming medium containing Gö6983, Y-27,632, N-2 and Activin A. hiLGEPs generated functional DARPP32 + neurons following 14 days of culture in BrainPhys™ media supplemented with dorsomorphin and Activin A. We investigated the ability for hiLGEPs to survive transplantation, differentiate to medium spiny-like striatal neurons and improve motor function in the QA lesion rat model of HD. Fourteen weeks after transplantation, we observed STEM121 + neurons co-expressing MAP2, DARPP32, GAD65/67, or GABA. Rats transplanted with hiLGEPs also demonstrated reduction in motor function impairment as determined by spontaneous exploratory forelimb use when compared to saline transplanted animals. Conclusion This study provides proof-of-concept and demonstrates for the first time that aHDFs can be directly reprogrammed to hiLGEPs which survive transplantation, undergo neuronal differentiation to generate medium spiny-like striatal neurons, and reduce functional impairment in the QA lesion rat model of HD.

Abstract RNA sequencing and microarray analysis revealed transcriptional markers expressed in whole blood can differentiate active pulmonary TB (ATB) from other respiratory diseases (ORDs), and latent TB infection (LTBI) from healthy controls (HC). Here we describe a streamlined reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay that could be applied at near point-of-care for diagnosing and distinguishing ATB from ORDs and LTBI from HC. A literature review was undertaken to identify the most plausible host-gene markers (HGM) of TB infection. Primers, and dual labelled hydrolysis probes were designed and analytically evaluated for accuracy in an in-vitro model of infection using a lung fibroblast cell-line. Best performing genes were multiplexed into panels of 2–4 targets and taken forward for clinical evaluation. Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus were used as reference tests for ATB and LTBI respectively. A total of 16 HGM were selected and incorporated into five multiplex RT-qPCR panels. PCR assay efficiency of all evaluated targets was ≥ 90% with a median analytical sensitivity of 292 copies/µl [IQR: 215.0-358.3 copies/µl], and a median limit of quantification of 61.7 copies/µl [IQR: 29.4-176.3 copies/µl]. Clinically, ATB was characterised by higher gene expression than ORDs, while LTBI was associated with lower gene expression than HC, Kruskal-Wallis p

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder for women of reproductive age, is associated with increased risk for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Current PCOS treatments insufficiently address the spectrum and severity of the disorder, and there is little evidence-based guidance available for lifestyle management of PCOS, especially through nutritional approaches. Some evidence shows that a very low-carbohydrate diet can improve glucose control compared to low-fat or moderate-carbohydrate diets, leading to improved glucose control and insulin levels that may help to treat symptoms of PCOS. This research investigates whether a very low-carbohydrate diet is more effective in improving glucose control and decreasing symptoms of PCOS in comparison to a DASH diet. Methods The SUPER study aims to address the gap in knowledge about nutritional advice for people with PCOS through a randomized, comparative effectiveness trial comparing two approaches to glucose control: the dietary approaches to stopping hypertension (DASH) diet, and a very low-carbohydrate (VLC) diet. We will randomize 184 women with PCOS with body mass indexes (BMIs) between 25 and 50 kg/m2 to a VLC or DASH diet. All participants will follow a 24-session, 12-month, online diet, and lifestyle intervention that teaches their assigned diet. Participants will receive nutritional education, support from diet coaches, and education about behavioral strategies to improve dietary adherence. The primary outcome measure is HbA1c, and secondary outcomes include glucose variance, lipid and hormone levels (including total and free testosterone), PCOS symptoms, inflammation (measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), body composition and weight, psychological well-being, and intervention feasibility and acceptability. Discussion The SUPER study is a randomized comparative effectiveness trial that compares two promising approaches to glucose control in people with PCOS. The study also aims to assess the effects of each diet on PCOS symptoms. The research addresses an important gap in knowledge regarding nutritional advice for people with PCOS. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05452642. Registered 6 July 2022.

Abstract In the United Kingdom, the management of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) challenges the coexistence of people and wildlife. Control of this cattle disease is hindered by transmission of its causative agent, Mycobacterium bovis, between cattle and badgers Meles meles. Badger culling has formed an element of bTB control policy for decades, but current government policy envisions expanding badger vaccination. Farming leaders are sceptical, citing concerns that badger vaccination would be impractical and potentially ineffective. We report on a 4‐year badger vaccination initiative in an 11 km2 area which, atypically, was initiated by local farmers, delivered by scientists and conservationists, and co‐funded by all three. Participating landholders cited controversies around culling and a desire to support neighbours as their primary reasons for adopting vaccination. The number of badgers vaccinated per km2 (5.6 km−2 in 2019) exceeded the number culled on nearby land (2.9 km−2 in 2019), and the estimated proportion vaccinated (74%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 40%–137%) exceeded the 30% threshold predicted by models to be necessary to control M. bovis. Farmers were content with how vaccination was delivered, and felt that it built trust with wildlife professionals. The percentage of badgers testing positive for M. bovis declined from 16.0% (95% CI 4.5%–36.1%) at the start of vaccination to 0% (95% CI 0%–9.7%) in the final year. With neither replication nor unvaccinated controls, this small‐scale case study does not demonstrate a causal link between badger vaccination and bTB epidemiology, but it does suggest that larger‐scale evaluation of badger vaccination would be warranted. Farmers reported that their enthusiasm for badger vaccination had increased after participating for 4 years. They considered vaccination to have been effective, and good value for money, and wished to continue with it. Synthesis and applications: Although small‐scale, this case study suggests that badger vaccination can be a technically effective and socially acceptable component of bTB control. A wider rollout of badger vaccination is more likely if it is led by the farming community, rather than by conservationists or government, and is combined with scientific monitoring. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

As fundamentações, os valores, os princípios e as condutas do desenvolvimento de uma prática turística mais sustentável se mostram como o objeto central da análise desse trabalho. Em específico, aqui os autores buscarão enfatizar de que forma propostas de sustentabilidade atreladas ao segmento turístico/hoteleiro devem assumir uma conotação estratégica, participativa e descentralizada que permita atender as necessidades atuais e futuras do trade turístico, de seus stakeholders, comunidades autóctones e turistas, sem deixar de lado as particularidades e as fragilidades a serem apreciadas e monitoradas nas relações de uso que serão constituídas junto às dimensões ambientais, sociais, econômicas, políticas, culturais e espaciais que sustentarão sua cadeia produtiva. Assim, reconhecendo a capacidade de intervenção temporal e territorial, positiva e/ou negativa, que os empreendimentos hoteleiros perpetram e difundem entre tais personagens e dimensões, o presente trabalho apresentará um estudo de caso pautado por pressupostos qualitativos, realizado no Hotel JW Marriott Rio de Janeiro, expondo uma mensuração, por meio da planilha SWOT, de suas práticas, condutas, valores e programas atrelados à sustentabilidade. Desse modo, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e análises in loco, os autores identificaram ações que vão além dos preceitos do Triple Bottom Line e que acabam por legitimar o hotel como uma empresa sustentável. Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Hotel JW Marriott Rio de Janeiro. Gestão Hoteleira.

In this article, I read D.S. Marriott’s readings of Frantz Fanon’s statement ‘I secreted a race’, in an attempt to perceive the secreting blackness of Marriott’s poetry. Secreting is understood in the senses of separation and secrecy, concealment and removal, particularly with regards to physiological processes involving bodily substances. Secreting blackness is understood as the historical, social, and psychological conditions of Marriott’s poetry: the lived experiences of race and racism; the increase of pressure that leads to rupture; the visible and invisible effects of violence and wounding in terms of bursting, bleeding, and staining. The article is structured around a close reading of Marriott’s poem ‘The “Secret” of this Form Itself’, by means of which I read Marriott’s critical and creative writings more generally. As suggested by the poem, with its expressions of blood, excrement, dying, and death, the secreting blackness of Marriott’s poetry reveals the substance and subsistence of black life and black death. I reference a selection of Marriott’s writings, including On Black Men (2000), Incognegro (2006), Haunted Life: Visual Culture and Black Modernity (2007), Hoodoo Voodoo (2008), The Bloods (2011), and In Neuter (2013).

Cancer research training programs build our future biomedical workforce. Training is often centered for students residing close to research institutions, making access more challenging for rural students. A cancer research training program was developed for high school students residing in five geographical regions across Oregon. Training was tiered in duration and intensity across the three years, including a one-week Introduction program and subsequent 10-week summer research training programs (Immersion and Intensive). A total of 60 students participated in in-person and/or virtual training, with Immersion students receiving mentored shadowing experiences in clinical care, public health, and outreach in their home communities. Laboratory rotations at a research-intensive institution enabled students to sample research environments before selecting an area of interest for Intensive training the following summer. Aligning with Self-Determination Theory, the Knight Scholars Program aims to build competence, relatedness, and autonomy of its trainees in biomedical sciences. The program exposed students to a wide range of interprofessional careers and collaborative teams, enabling scholars to envision themselves in various paths. Results show strong gains in interest and research self-efficacy for both Introduction and Immersion scholars, with findings highlighting the importance of representation within mentoring and training efforts.

Summary: Despite extensive global research into genetic predisposition for severe COVID-19, knowledge on the role of rare host genetic variants and their relation to other risk factors remains limited. Here, 52 genes with prior etiological evidence were sequenced in 1,772 severe COVID-19 cases and 5,347 population-based controls from Spain/Italy. Rare deleterious TLR7 variants were present in 2.4% of young (

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