302 results on '"Malhotra, D."'
Search Results
2. The first spectroscopic dust reverberation programme on active galactic nuclei: the torus in NGC 5548
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Landt, H., Ward, M. J., Kynoch, D., Packham, C., Ferland, G. J., Lawrence, A., Pott, J. -U., Esser, J., Horne, K., Starkey, D. A., Malhotra, D., Fausnaugh, M. M., Peterson, B. M., Wilman, R. J., Riffel, R. A., Storchi-Bergmann, T., Barth, A. J., Villforth, C., and Winkler, H.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We have recently initiated the first spectroscopic dust reverberation programme on active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the near-infrared. Spectroscopy enables measurement of dust properties, such as flux, temperature and covering factor, with higher precision than photometry. In particular, it enables measurement of both luminosity-based dust radii and dust response times. Here we report results from a one-year campaign on NGC 5548. The hot dust responds to changes in the irradiating flux with a lag time of ~70 light-days, similar to what was previously found in photometric reverberation campaigns. The mean and rms spectra are similar, implying that the same dust component dominates both the emission and the variations. The dust lag time is consistent with the luminosity-based dust radius only if we assume a wavelength-independent dust emissivity-law, i.e. a blackbody, which is appropriate for grains of large sizes (of a few microns). For such grains the dust temperature is ~1450 K. Therefore, silicate grains have most likely evaporated and carbon is the main chemical component. But the hot dust is not close to its sublimation temperature, contrary to popular belief. This is further supported by our observation of temperature variations largely consistent with a heating/cooling process. Therefore, the inner dust-free region is enlarged and the dusty torus rather a "dusty wall", whose inner radius is expected to be luminosity-invariant. The dust-destruction mechanism that enlarges the dust-free region seems to partly affect also the dusty region. We observe a cyclical decrease in dust mass with implied dust reformation times of ~5-6 months., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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3. The first spectroscopic dust reverberation programme on active galactic nuclei: the torus in NGC 5548
- Author
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Landt, H, Ward, MJ, Kynoch, D, Packham, C, Ferland, GJ, Lawrence, A, Pott, J-U, Esser, J, Horne, K, Starkey, DA, Malhotra, D, Fausnaugh, MM, Peterson, BM, Wilman, RJ, Riffel, RA, Storchi-Bergmann, T, Barth, AJ, Villforth, C, and Winkler, H
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galaxies: Seyfert ,quasars: emission lines ,quasars: individual: NGC 5548 ,infrared: galaxies ,astro-ph.GA ,Astronomical and Space Sciences ,Astronomy & Astrophysics - Abstract
We have recently initiated the first spectroscopic dust reverberation programme on active galactic nuclei in the near-infrared. Spectroscopy enables measurement of dust properties, such as flux, temperature, and covering factor, with higher precision than photometry. In particular, it enables measurement of both luminosity-based dust radii and dust response times. Here we report results from a 1 yr campaign on NGC 5548. The hot dust responds to changes in the irradiating flux with a lag time of ∼70 light-days, similar to what was previously found in photometric reverberation campaigns. The mean and rms spectra are similar, implying that the same dust component dominates both the emission and the variations. The dust lag time is consistent with the luminosity-based dust radius only if we assume a wavelength-independent dust emissivity law, i.e. a blackbody, which is appropriate for grains of large sizes (of a few μm). For such grains the dust temperature is ∼1450 K. Therefore, silicate grains have most likely evaporated and carbon is the main chemical component. But the hot dust is not close to its sublimation temperature, contrary to popular belief. This is further supported by our observation of temperature variations largely consistent with a heating/cooling process. Therefore, the inner dust-free region is enlarged and the dusty torus rather a 'dusty wall', whose inner radius is expected to be luminosity-invariant. The dust-destruction mechanism that enlarges the dust-free region seems to also partly affect the dusty region. We observe a cyclical decrease in dust mass with implied dust reformation times of ∼5-6 months.
- Published
- 2019
4. Resilience in adolescence during the COVID-19 crisis in Canada
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Chin, J., Di Maio, J., Weeraratne, T., Kennedy, K. M., Oliver, L. K., Bouchard, M., Malhotra, D., Habashy, J., Ding, J., Bhopa, S., Strommer, S., Hardy-Johnson, P., Barker, M., Sloboda, D. M., and McKerracher, L.
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Mixed methods ,Health behaviours ,Resilience ,COVID-19 ,Mental health ,Adolescence - Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a social crisis that will have long-term health consequences for much of the global population, especially for adolescents. Adolescents are triply affected as they: 1) are experiencing its immediate, direct effects, 2) will carry forward health habits they develop now into adulthood, and 3) as future parents, will shape the early life health of the next generation. It is therefore imperative to assess how the pandemic is influencing adolescent wellbeing, identify sources of resilience, and outline strategies for attenuating its negative impacts. Methods: We report the results of longitudinal analyses of qualitative data from 28 focus group discussions (FGDs) with 39 Canadian adolescents and of cross-sectional analyses of survey data from 482 Canadian adolescents gathered between September 2020 and August 2021. FGD participants and survey respondents reported on their: socio-demographic characteristics; mental health and wellbeing before and during the pandemic; pre- and during-pandemic health behaviours; experiences living through a crisis; current perceptions of their school, work, social, media, and governmental environments; and ideas about pandemic coping and mutual aid. We plotted themes emerging from FGDs along a pandemic timeline, noting socio-demographic variations. Following assessment for internal reliability and dimension reduction, quantitative health/wellbeing indicators were analyzed as functions of composite socio-demographic, health-behavioural, and health-environmental indicators. Results: Our mixed methods analyses indicate that adolescents faced considerable mental and physical health challenges due to the pandemic, and were generally in poorer health than expected in non-crisis times. Nevertheless, some participants showed significantly better outcomes than others, specifically those who: got more exercise; slept better; were food secure; had clearer routines; spent more time in nature, deep in-person social relationships, and leisure; and spent less time on social media. Conclusions: Support for youth during times of crisis is essential to future population health because adolescence is a period in the life course which shapes the health behaviours, socio-economic capacities, and neurophysiology of these future parents/carers and leaders. Efforts to promote resilience in adolescents should leverage the factors identified above: helping them find structure and senses of purpose through strong social connections, well-supported work and leisure environments, and opportunities to engage with nature.
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- 2023
5. Erratum: Consortium biology in immunology: The perspective from the Immunological Genome Project
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Benoist, C, Lanier, L, Merad, M, Mathis, D, Ericson, J, Painter, M, Davis, S, Laplace, C, Hyatt, G, Paik, H, Rothamel, K, Cruse, R, Doran, G, Heng, T, Asinovski, N, Ortiz-Lopes, A, Ergun, A, Gray, D, Wakamatsu, E, Hill, J, Mingueneau, M, Cipolletta, D, Yoshida, H, Cohen, N, Kim, E, Brennan, P, Lynch, L, Brenner, M, Costello, J, Collins, JJ, Blair, D, Dustin, M, Knell, J, Yang, E, Best, A, Shaw, L, Doedens, A, Goldrath, A, Shinton, S, Zhou, Y, Hardy, R, Jojic, V, Mostafavi, S, Koller, D, Jianu, R, Laidlaw, D, Bezman, N, Sun, J, Zhu, Y, Hendricks, D, Kamimura, Y, Min-Oo, G, Morvan, M, Nabekura, T, Lam, V, Kim, C, Greter, M, Helft, J, Chow, A, Bogunovic, M, Mortha, A, Price, J, Hashimoto, D, Miller, J, Sathe, P, Chudnovskiy, A, Lavin, Y, Idoyaga, J, Gautier, E, Jakubzick, C, D'Angelo, J, Randolph, G, Shay, T, Regev, A, Gazit, R, Rossi, D, Kreslawsky, T, von Bohmer, H, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Elpek, K, Spelv, L, Fletcher, A, Malhotra, D, Cremasco, V, Turley, S, Kim, F, Nageswara Rao, T, and Wagers, A
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Immunology - Published
- 2014
6. Transcriptional profiling of stroma from inflamed and resting lymph nodes defines immunological hallmarks
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Lanier, Lewis, Kim, Charles, Malhotra, D, Fletcher, AL, Astarita, J, Lukacs-Kornek, V, Tayalia, P, Gonzalez, SF, Elpek, KG, Chang, SK, Knoblich, K, and Hemler, ME
- Abstract
Lymph node stromal cells (LNSCs) closely regulate immunity and self-tolerance, yet key aspects of their biology remain poorly elucidated. Here, comparative transcriptomic analyses of mouse LNSC subsets demonstrated the expression of important immune mediat
- Published
- 2012
7. Resilience in adolescence during the COVID-19 crisis in Canada
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Chin, J., primary, Di Maio, J., additional, Weeraratne, T., additional, Kennedy, K. M., additional, Oliver, L. K., additional, Bouchard, M., additional, Malhotra, D., additional, Habashy, J., additional, Ding, J., additional, Bhopa, S., additional, Strommer, S., additional, Hardy-Johnson, P., additional, Barker, M., additional, Sloboda, D. M., additional, and McKerracher, L., additional
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- 2023
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8. EPH61 Uptake of the Post COVID-19 Condition ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code By Social Factors
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Lee, A.D., primary, Prener, C., additional, Scott, A., additional, Alfred, T., additional, Oliveri, D., additional, Malhotra, D., additional, and McGrath, L.J., additional
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- 2023
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9. Evaluating the performance of energy exchange-traded funds
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Malhotra, D. K., primary and Marino, Michael, additional
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- 2023
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10. Orofacial Manifestations of Sturge-Weber Syndrome
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Bansal S, Malhotra D, Goel A, Bansal R, Sharma P, and Bawa Sks
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Sturge–Weber syndrome ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology - Published
- 2020
11. An Empirical Examination of the Interest Rate Swap Market
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Malhotra, D. K.
- Published
- 1997
12. Medullary Sponge Kidney with Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Coombs Rj, Jamshidian M, Ratnam S, and Malhotra D
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Nephrology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Palliative care ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Medullary sponge kidney ,Hypokalemia ,Renal tubular acidosis ,Distal renal tubular acidosis ,Transplantation medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Nephrocalcinosis ,medicine.symptom ,business - Published
- 2018
13. PMS86 QUALITY OF LIFE AND WORK PRODUCTIVITY BY PAIN SEVERITY AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS IN THE UNITED STATES: ANALYSIS OF A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
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Schepman, P., primary, Robinson, R.L., additional, Thakkar, S., additional, Beck, C.G., additional, Malhotra, D., additional, and Emir, B., additional
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- 2020
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14. Does Size Matter in the Airline Industry?
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Malhotra, D K, primary and Russel, Philip, additional
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- 2020
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15. Promoter and intron-1 region polymorphisms in the IFNG gene in patients with hepatitis E
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Arora, R., Saha, A., Malhotra, D., Rath, P., Kar, P., and Bamezai, R.
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- 2005
16. Rheumatoid Arthritis and IgA nephropathy: An Association or Coincidence?
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Avasthi D, Alfonso-Jaume M, Sheth R, Avasthi S, and Malhotra D
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Rheumatoid arthritis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Gastroenterology ,Nephropathy - Published
- 2018
17. Evaluating Loans Using a Combination of Data Envelopment and Neuro-Fuzzy Systems
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Malhotra, R. and Malhotra, D. K.
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Benchmarking ,lcsh:T58.5-58.64 ,Data Envelopment Analysis ,lcsh:Information technology ,Decision Support System ,Neuro-Fuzzy Systems ,lcsh:P87-96 ,lcsh:Communication. Mass media - Abstract
A business organization's objective is to make better decisions at all levels of the firm to improve performance. Typically organizations are multi-faceted and complex systems that use uncertain information. Therefore, making quality decisions to improve organizational performance is a daunting task. Organizations use decision support systems that apply different business intelligence techniques such as statistical models, scoring models, neural networks, expert systems, neuro-fuzzy systems, case-based systems, or simply rules that have been developed through experience. Managers need a decision-making approach that is robust, competent, effective, efficient, and integrative to handle the multi-dimensional organizational entities. The decision maker deals with multiple players in an organization such as products, customers, competitors, location, geographic structure, scope, internal organization, and cultural dimension [46]. Sound decisions include two important concepts: efficiency (return on invested resources) and effectiveness (reaching predetermined goals). However, quite frequently, the decision maker cannot simultaneously handle data from different sources. Hence, we recommend that managers analyze different aspects of data from multiple sources separately and integrate the results of the analysis. This study proposes the design of a multi-attribute-decision-support-system that combines the analytical power of two different tools: data envelopment analysis (DEA) and fuzzy logic. DEA evaluates and measures the relative efficiency of decision making units that use multiple inputs and outputs to provide non-objective measures without making any specific assumptions about data. On the other hand fuzzy logic's main strength lies in handling imprecise data. This study proposes a modeling technique that jointly uses the two techniques to benefit from the two methodologies. A major advantage of the DEA approach is that it clearly identifies the important factors contributing to the success of a decision. In addition, I also propose the use of a neuro-fuzzy model to create a rule-based system that can aid the decision-maker in making decisions regarding the implications of a decision. One of the important characteristics of neuro-fuzzy systems is their ability to deal with imprecise and uncertain information. The neuro-fuzzy model integrates the performance values of a set of production units derived by ranking using DEA to create IF-THEN rules to handle fluctuating and uncertain scenarios. Thus, a decision maker can easily analyze and understand any decision made by the neuro-fuzzy model in the form of the easily interpretable IF-THEN rules. [46] M. PorterCompetitive Strategy: techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, The Free Press, New York, 1980.
- Published
- 2015
18. Understanding cross-currency swaps
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Evans, John S. and Malhotra, D. K.
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Currency swaps -- Evaluation ,Banking, finance and accounting industries ,Business - Abstract
Cross-currency swap involves the exchange of principals in different currencies at the current spot rate and reverse of the exchange at a later date at the same exchange rate. The initial exchange of currencies can be actual or notional. Each counterparty pays the interest rates in the currency it received after the initial exchange of principals. Cross-currency swaps are usually used for cost savings through arbitrage and hedging and to create synthetic securities for investors.
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- 1994
19. Supplementary Material for: Neural Network Analysis to Predict Mortality in End-Stage Renal Disease: Application to United States Renal Data System
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Jacob, A.N., Khuder, S., Malhotra, N., Sodeman, T., Gold, J.P., Malhotra, D., and Shapiro, J.I.
- Abstract
We examined whether we could develop models based on data provided to the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) to accurately predict survival. Records were obtained from patients beginning dialysis in 1990 through 2007. We developed linear and neural network models and optimized the fit of these models to the actual time to death. Next, we examined whether we could accurately predict survival in a dataset containing censored and uncensored patients. The results with these models were contrasted with those obtained with a Cox proportional hazards model fit to the entire dataset. The average C statistic over a 6-month to 10-year time range achieved with these models was approximately 0.7891 (linear model), 0.7804 (transformed dataset linear model), 0.7769 (neural network model), 0.7774 (transformed dataset neural network model), 0.8019 (Cox model), and 0.7970 (transformed dataset Cox model). When we used the Cox proportional hazards model, superior C statistic results were found at time points between 2 and 10 years but at earlier time points, the Cox model was slightly inferior. These results suggest that data provided to the USRDS can allow for predictive models which have a high degree of accuracy years following the initiation of dialysis.
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- 2017
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20. EVALUATING ECONOMIES OF SCALE IN THE TEXTILE, APPAREL, AND ACCESSORIES INDUSTRY.
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Bennur, Shubha and Malhotra, D. K.
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ECONOMIES of scale ,OPERATING costs ,ADMINISTRATIVE fees ,COST functions ,CLOTHING & dress - Abstract
This study investigates economies of scale in the textile, apparel, and accessories industry from 2015 to 2019, using a translog cost function model to evaluate the cost efficiencies of 35 textile, apparel, and accessories companies. Company size was measured by total assets managed. We also analyzed the source of cost efficiencies with cost measured by cost of goods sold, other operating costs, and selling, as well as general and administrative expenses concerning the company's total assets. On average, larger companies had lower cost of goods sold and operating expenses. Also, cost efficiencies were not equally distributed; some companies showed substantial cost efficiencies while others exhibited none or even diseconomies of scale as size increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
21. DO PRICE-EARNING RATIOS DRIVE STOCK PRICES IN INDIAN STOCK MARKET?
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Kanuri, Srinidhi, Malhotra, D. K., and Russel, Philip
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PRICE-earnings ratio ,STOCK exchanges ,PRICE increases ,LEAST squares - Abstract
This study empirically analyzes the relationship between price earnings ratios and stock prices in the Indian stock market. Evidence from ordinary least square regression shows that there is a positive relationship between price earnings ratios and stock prices in the Indian stock market because stock prices increase with higher price earnings ratios. However the subsequent yields decline and the relationship between P/E ratios and subsequent yields is negative and weakly statistically significant. When adjustments were made for autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, unit roots, and non-stationarity, we found that higher P/E ratios drove subsequent stock prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
22. Identification of transcriptional regulators in the mouse immune system
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Jojic, V, Shay, T, Sylvia, K, Zuk, O, Sun, X, Kang, J, Regev, A, Koller, D, Best, AJ, Knell, J, Goldrath, A, Joic, V, Cohen, N, Brennan, P, Brenner, M, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Heng, T, Ericson, J, Rothamel, K, Ortiz-Lopez, A, Mathis, D, Benoist, C, Bezman, NA, Sun, JC, Min-Oo, G, Kim, CC, Lanier, LL, Miller, J, Brown, B, Merad, M, Gautier, EL, Jakubzick, C, Randolph, GJ, Monach, P, Blair, DA, Dustin, ML, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Laidlaw, D, Collins, J, Gazit, R, Rossi, DJ, Malhotra, N, Kreslavsky, T, Fletcher, A, Elpek, K, Bellemarte-Pelletier, A, Malhotra, D, and Turley, S
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Cell type ,Transcription, Genetic ,T-Lymphocytes ,Immunology ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Gene expression ,Immunology and Allergy ,Animals ,Humans ,Cell Lineage ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Cell Differentiation ,Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta ,Genome project ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Repressor Proteins ,Haematopoiesis ,Gene Expression Regulation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Immune System ,Trans-Activators ,Identification (biology) ,Stem cell ,Transcriptome ,Algorithms ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into cells of the immune system has been studied extensively in mammals, but the transcriptional circuitry that controls it is still only partially understood. Here, the Immunological Genome Project gene-expression profiles across mouse immune lineages allowed us to systematically analyze these circuits. To analyze this data set we developed Ontogenet, an algorithm for reconstructing lineage-specific regulation from gene-expression profiles across lineages. Using Ontogenet, we found differentiation stage-specific regulators of mouse hematopoiesis and identified many known hematopoietic regulators and 175 previously unknown candidate regulators, as well as their target genes and the cell types in which they act. Among the previously unknown regulators, we emphasize the role of ETV5 in the differentiation of γδ T cells. As the transcriptional programs of human and mouse cells are highly conserved, it is likely that many lessons learned from the mouse model apply to humans.
- Published
- 2013
23. Aggregation of Capital and Its Substitution with Energy
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Garofalo, G. A. and Malhotra, D. M.
- Published
- 1988
24. Contribution of copy number variants to schizophrenia from a genome-wide study of 41,321 subjects
- Author
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Marshall, C.R. (Christian), Howrigan, D.P. (Daniel P.), Merico, D. (Daniele), Thiruvahindrapuram, B. (Bhooma), Wu, W. (Wenting), Greer, D.S. (Douglas S.), Antaki, D. (Danny), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Pinto, D. (Duane), Gujral, M. (Madhusudan), Brandler, W.M. (William M.), Malhotra, D. (Dheeraj), Wang, Z. (Zhouzhi), Fuentes Fajarado, K.V. (Karin V.), Maile, M.S. (Michelle S.), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Atkins, J. (Joshua), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bertalan, M. (Marcelo), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Delisi, L.E. (Lynn), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Forstner, A.J. (Andreas), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Gershon, E.S. (Elliot S.), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Kähler, J. (Jan), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kelly, B.J. (Brian J.), Kennedy, J.L., Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Laurent, C. (Camille), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Lee, S.U. (Seung), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Levy, D.L. (Deborah L.), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), O'Neill, F.A. (Francis), Os, J. (Jim) van, Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Savitz, A. (Adam), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Smoller, J.W., Söderman, E. (Erik), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J., Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Veijola, J. (Juha), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Waddington, J. (Joanne), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Wu, J.Q. (Jing Qin), Zai, C.C. (Clement), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole A.), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D), Cichon, S. (Sven), Collier, D.A. (David), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel A.), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sklar, P. (Pamela), St Clair, D. (David), Walters, J.T. (James), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Scherer, S.W. (Stephen), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Sebat, J. (Jonathan), Marshall, C.R. (Christian), Howrigan, D.P. (Daniel P.), Merico, D. (Daniele), Thiruvahindrapuram, B. (Bhooma), Wu, W. (Wenting), Greer, D.S. (Douglas S.), Antaki, D. (Danny), Shetty, A. (Aniket), Holmans, P.A. (Peter A.), Pinto, D. (Duane), Gujral, M. (Madhusudan), Brandler, W.M. (William M.), Malhotra, D. (Dheeraj), Wang, Z. (Zhouzhi), Fuentes Fajarado, K.V. (Karin V.), Maile, M.S. (Michelle S.), Ripke, S. (Stephan), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Albus, M. (Margot), Alexander, M. (Madeline), Amin, F. (Farooq), Atkins, J. (Joshua), Bacanu, S.A. (Silviu), Belliveau, R.A. (Richard A.), Bergen, S.E. (Sarah), Bertalan, M. (Marcelo), Bevilacqua, E. (Elizabeth), Bigdeli, T.B. (Tim B.), Black, D.W. (Donald), Bruggeman, R. (Richard), Buccola, N.G. (Nancy G), Buckner, M., Bulik-Sullivan, B.K. (Brendan), Byerley, W.F. (William F), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cai, G. (Guiqing), Cairns, M.J. (Murray J.), Campion, D. (Dominique), Cantor, R.M., Carr, V.J. (Vaughan), Carrera, N. (Noa), Catts, S.V. (Stanley), Chambert, K. (Kimberly), Cheng, W. (Wei), Cloninger, C.R. (C Robert), Cohen, D.J. (David J.), Cormican, P. (Paul), Craddock, N.J. (Nick), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crowley, J.J. (James), Curtis, D. (David), Davidson, M.W. (Michael ), Davis, K.L. (Kenneth), Degenhardt, F., Del-Favero, J. (Jurgen), Delisi, L.E. (Lynn), Dikeos, D. (Dimitris), Dinan, T. (Timothy), Djurovic, S. (Srdjan), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Drapeau, E. (Elodie), Duan, J. (Jubao), Dudbridge, F. (Frank), Eichhammer, P. (Peter), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escott-Price, V. (Valentina), Essioux, L. (Laurent), Fanous, A.H. (Ayman H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Farrell, M.S. (Martilias), Frank, J. (Josef), Franke, L. (Lude), Freedman, R. (Robert), Freimer, N.B. (Nelson), Friedman, J.I. (Joseph), Forstner, A.J. (Andreas), Fromer, M. (Menachem), Genovese, G. (Giulio), Georgieva, I. (Irina), Gershon, E.S. (Elliot S.), Giegling, I. (Ina), Giusti-Rodríguez, P. (Paola), Godard, S. (Stephanie), Goldstein, J.I. (Jacqueline), Gratten, J. (Jacob), Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Hamshere, M.L. (Marian), Hansen, M. (Mark), Hansen, T. (Thomas), Haroutunian, V. (Vahram), Hartmann, A.M. (Annette M), Henskens, F.A. (Frans), Herms, S. (Stefan), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hoffmann, P. (Per), Hofman, A. (Andrea), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Ikeda, M. (Masashi), Joa, I. (Inge), Kähler, J. (Jan), Kahn, R. (René), Kalaydjieva, L. (Luba), Karjalainen, J. (Juha), Kavanagh, D. (David), Keller, M.C. (Matthew C), Kelly, B.J. (Brian J.), Kennedy, J.L., Kim, Y. (Yunjung), Knowles, J.A. (James A), Konte, B. (Bettina), Laurent, C. (Camille), Lee, P.H. (Phil), Lee, S.U. (Seung), Legge, S.E. (Sophie), Lerer, B. (Bernard), Levy, D.L. (Deborah L.), Liang, K.-Y. (Kung-Yee), Lieberman, A.P. (Andrew), Lönnqvist, J. (Jouko), Loughland, C.M. (Carmel), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Maher, B.S. (Brion), Maier, W. (Wolfgang), Mallet, V. (Vincent), Mattheisen, M. (Manuel), Mattingsdal, M. (Morten), McCarley, R.W. (Robert), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), Meier, S., Meijer, C. (Carin), Melle, I. (Ingrid), Mesholam-Gately, R.I. (Raquelle), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Michie, P.T. (Patricia), Milani, L. (Lili), Milanova, V. (Vihra), Mokrab, Y. (Younes), Morris, D.W. (Derek W), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Murphy, K.C. (Kieran), Murray, R. (Robin), Myin-Germeys, I. (Inez), Nenadic, I. (Igor), Nertney, D.A. (Deborah), Nestadt, G. (Gerald), Nicodemus, K.K. (Kristin), Nisenbaum, L. (Laura), Nordin, A. (Annelie), O'Callaghan, E. (Eadbhard), O'Dushlaine, C. (Colm), Oh, S.-Y. (Sang-Yun), Olincy, A. (Ann), Olsen, L. (Line), O'Neill, F.A. (Francis), Os, J. (Jim) van, Pantelis, C. (Christos), Papadimitriou, G.N. (George), Parkhomenko, E. (Elena), Pato, C. (Carlos), Paunio, T. (Tiina), Perkins, D.O. (Diana O.), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Pietiläinen, O.P.H. (Olli), Pimm, J. (Jonathan), Pocklington, A.J. (Andrew), Powell, J. (John), Price, A. (Alkes), Pulver, A.E. (Ann), Purcell, S.M. (Shaun M.), Quested, D.J. (Digby J), Rasmussen, H.B. (Henrik B), Reichenberg, A. (Abraham), Reimers, B. (Bernhard), Richards, A. (Alex), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Roussos, A. (Alexandra), Ruderfer, D. (Douglas), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Sanders, A.R. (Alan), Savitz, A. (Adam), Schall, J.D. (Jeffrey), Schulze, T.G. (Thomas), Schwab, S.G. (Sibylle G.), Scolnick, E. (Edward), Scott, R.J. (Rodney), Seidman, L.J. (Larry), Shi, J. (Jianxin), Silverman, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Smoller, J.W., Söderman, E. (Erik), Spencer, C.C.A. (Chris C.), Stahl, E.A. (Eli A.), Strengman, E. (Eric), Strohmaier, J., Stroup, T.S. (T. Scott), Suvisaari, J. (Jaana), Svrakic, D.M. (Dragan), Szatkiewicz, J.P. (Jin P.), Thirumalai, S. (Srinivasa), Tooney, P.A. (Paul A.), Veijola, J. (Juha), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Waddington, J. (Joanne), Walsh, D. (Dermot), Webb, B.T. (Bradley T.), Weiser, M. (Mark), Wildenauer, D.B. (Dieter), Williams, N.M. (Nigel M.), Williams, S. (Stephanie), Witt, S.H. (Stephanie H), Wolen, A.R. (Aaron), Wormley, B.K. (Brandon K.), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Wu, J.Q. (Jing Qin), Zai, C.C. (Clement), Adolfsson, R., Andreassen, O.A. (Ole A.), Blackwood, D.H.R. (Douglas), Bramon, E. (Elvira), Buxbaum, J.D. (Joseph D), Cichon, S. (Sven), Collier, D.A. (David), Corvin, A. (Aiden), Daly, M.J. (Mark J.), Darvasi, A. (Ariel), Domenici, E. (Enrico), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Gejman, P.V. (Pablo), Gill, M. (Michael), Gurling, H. (Hugh), Hultman, C.M. (Christina), Iwata, N. (Nakao), Jablensky, A. (Assen), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik), Kendler, K. (K.), Kirov, G. (George), Knight, J. (Jo), Levinson, D.F. (Douglas F.), Li, Q.S. (Qingqin S.), McCarroll, S.A. (Steve), McQuillin, A. (Andrew), Moran, J.L. (Jennifer L), Mowry, B.J. (Bryan J), Nöthen, M.M. (Markus), Ophoff, R.A. (Roel A.), Owen, M.J. (Michael), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Petryshen, T.L. (Tracey), Posthuma, D. (Danielle), Rietschel, M. (Marcella), Riley, B.P. (Brien P.), Rujescu, D. (Dan), Sklar, P. (Pamela), St Clair, D. (David), Walters, J.T. (James), Werge, T.M. (Thomas), Sullivan, P.F. (Patrick), O'donovan, M.C. (Michael), Scherer, S.W. (Stephen), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), and Sebat, J. (Jonathan)
- Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) have been strongly implicated in the genetic etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). However, genome-wide investigation of the contribution of CNV to risk has been hampered by limited sample sizes. We sought to address this obstacle by applying a centralized analysis pipeline to a SCZ cohort of 21,094 cases and 20,227 controls. A global enrichment of CNV burden was observed in cases (odds ratio (OR) = 1.11, P = 5.7 × 10-15), which persisted after excluding loci implicated in previous studies (OR = 1.07, P = 1.7 × 10-6). CNV burden was enriched for genes associated with synaptic function (OR = 1.68, P = 2.8 × 10-11) and neurobehavioral phenotypes in mouse (OR = 1.18, P = 7.3 × 10-5). Genome-wide significant evidence was obtained for eight loci, including 1q21.1, 2p16.3 (NRXN1), 3q29, 7q11.2, 15q13.3, distal 16p11.2, proximal 16p11.2 and 22q11.2. Suggestive support was found for eight additional candidate susceptibility and protective loci, which consisted predominantly of CNVs mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Celebrating the work of J. Keith Murnighan
- Author
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Conlon, D E, Bazerman, M H, Malhotra, D, and Pillutla, M M
- Abstract
In this tribute to the 2015 recipient of the International Association for Conflict Management Lifetime Achievement Award Winner, we celebrate the work of J. Keith Murnighan. Each of us highlights a unique contribution of his research to a different area in the field of organizational behavior. The four areas we discuss are behavioral economics, experimental design, diversity, and ethics. We conclude our discussion of the four research areas by highlighting common themes suggested by this work. The article closes by giving Keith Murnighan “the final say” to reflect on our article and to impart his words of wisdom to doctoral students and scholars at different stages of their career.
- Published
- 2016
26. Leprosy and the adaptation of human toll-like receptor 1
- Author
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Wong, S, Gochhait, S, Malhotra, D, Pettersson, F, Teo, Y, Khor, C, Rautanen, A, Chapman, S, Mills, T, Srivastava, A, Rudko, A, Freidin, M, Puzyrev, V, Ali, S, Aggarwal, S, Chopra, R, Reddy, B, Garg, V, Roy, S, Meisner, S, Hazra, S, Saha, B, Floyd, S, Keating, B, and Kim, C
- Abstract
Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium leprae and remains endemic in many parts of the world. Despite several major studies on susceptibility to leprosy, few genomic loci have been replicated independently. We have conducted an association analysis of more than 1,500 individuals from different case-control and family studies, and observed consistent associations between genetic variants in both TLR1 and the HLA-DRB1/DQA1 regions with susceptibility to leprosy (TLR1 I602S, case-control P = 5.7 x 10(-8), OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.20-0.48, and HLA-DQA1 rs1071630, case-control P = 4.9 x 10(-14), OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.35-0.54). The effect sizes of these associations suggest that TLR1 and HLA-DRB1/DQA1 are major susceptibility genes in susceptibility to leprosy. Further population differentiation analysis shows that the TLR1 locus is extremely differentiated. The protective dysfunctional 602S allele is rare in Africa but expands to become the dominant allele among individuals of European descent. This supports the hypothesis that this locus may be under selection from mycobacteria or other pathogens that are recognized by TLR1 and its co-receptors. These observations provide insight into the long standing host-pathogen relationship between human and mycobacteria and highlight the key role of the TLR pathway in infectious diseases.
- Published
- 2016
27. Variation and genetic control of gene expression in primary immunocytes across inbred mouse strains
- Author
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Mostafavi, S, Ortiz-Lopez, A, Bogue, MA, Hattori, K, Pop, C, Koller, D, Mathis, D, Benoist, C, Blair, DA, Dustin, ML, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Shay, T, Regev, A, Cohen, N, Brennan, P, Brenner, M, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Heng, T, Ericson, J, Rothamel, K, Kreslavsky, T, Fletcher, A, Elpek, K, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Malhotra, D, Turley, S, Miller, J, Brown, B, Merad, M, Gautier, EL, Jakubzick, C, Randolph, GJ, Monach, P, Best, AJ, Knell, J, Goldrath, A, Jojic, V, Laidlaw, D, Collins, J, Gazit, R, Rossi, DJ, Malhotra, N, Sylvia, K, Kang, J, Bezman, NA, Sun, JC, Min-Oo, G, Kim, CC, and Lanier, LL
- Abstract
Copyright © 2014 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. To determine the breadth and underpinning of changes in immunocyte gene expression due to genetic variation in mice, we performed, as part of the Immunological Genome Project, gene expression profiling for CD4+T cells and neutrophils purified from 39 inbred strains of the Mouse Phenome Database. Considering both cell types, a large number of transcripts showed significant variation across the inbred strains, with 22% of the transcriptome varying by 2-fold or more. These included 119 loci with apparent complete loss of function, where the corresponding transcript was not expressed in some of the strains, representing a useful resource of "natural knockouts." We identified 1222 cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) that control some of this variation. Most (60%) cis-eQTLs were shared between T cells and neutrophils, but a significant portion uniquely impacted one of the cell types, suggesting cell type-specific regulatory mechanisms. Using a conditional regression algorithm, we predicted regulatory interactions between transcription factors and potential targets, and we demonstrated that these predictions overlap with regulatory interactions inferred from transcriptional changes during immunocyte differentiation. Finally, comparison of these and parallel data from CD4+T cells of healthy humans demonstrated intriguing similarities in variability of a gene's expression: the most variable genes tended to be the same in both species, and there was an overlap in genes subject to strong cis-acting genetic variants. We speculate that this "conservation of variation" reflects a differential constraint on intraspecies variation in expression levels of different genes, either through lower pressure for some genes, or by favoring variability for others.
- Published
- 2014
28. PREDICTING CORPORATE FINANCIAL DISTRESS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY.
- Author
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Kazmi, Syed and Malhotra, D. K.
- Subjects
CAPITAL productivity ,RETURN on assets ,DISCRIMINANT analysis - Abstract
Although the number of businesses filing for bankruptcy has declined in recent years, academic and practitioner interest in bankruptcy continues to dominate the literature. This study uses a multiple discriminant analysis model to analyze the factors that can help explain and predict financial distress for non-financial firms. This study finds that liquidity ratio, capital productivity, return on assets, interest coverage ratio, cash generation ratio, and capital adequacy ratios can help predict financial distress of a firm. To cross-validate the results, use was made of three additional mutually exclusive samples of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
29. The transcriptional landscape of αβ T cell differentiation
- Author
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Mingueneau, M, Kreslavsky, T, Gray, D, Heng, T, Cruse, R, Ericson, J, Bendall, S, Spitzer, MH, Nolan, GP, Kobayashi, K, Von Boehmer, H, Mathis, D, Benoist, C, Best, AJ, Knell, J, Goldrath, A, Koller, D, Shay, T, Regev, A, Cohen, N, Brennan, P, Brenner, M, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Rothamel, K, Ortiz-Lopez, A, Bezman, NA, Sun, JC, Min-Oo, G, Kim, CC, Lanier, LL, Miller, J, Brown, B, Merad, M, Gautier, EL, Jakubzick, C, Randolph, GJ, Monach, P, Blair, DA, Dustin, ML, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Laidlaw, D, Collins, J, Gazit, R, Rossi, DJ, Malhotra, N, Sylvia, K, Kang, J, Fletcher, A, Elpek, K, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Malhotra, D, and Turley, S
- Abstract
The differentiation of αβT cells from thymic precursors is a complex process essential for adaptive immunity. Here we exploited the breadth of expression data sets from the Immunological Genome Project to analyze how the differentiation of thymic precursors gives rise to mature T cell transcriptomes. We found that early T cell commitment was driven by unexpectedly gradual changes. In contrast, transit through the CD4+CD8+stage involved a global shutdown of housekeeping genes that is rare among cells of the immune system and correlated tightly with expression of the transcription factor c-Myc. Selection driven by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules promoted a large-scale transcriptional reactivation. We identified distinct signatures that marked cells destined for positive selection versus apoptotic deletion. Differences in the expression of unexpectedly few genes accompanied commitment to the CD4+or CD8+lineage, a similarity that carried through to peripheral T cells and their activation, demonstrated by mass cytometry phosphoproteomics. The transcripts newly identified as encoding candidate mediators of key transitions help define the 'known unknowns' of thymocyte differentiation. © 2013 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2013
30. Transcriptional insights into the CD8 + T cell response to infection and memory T cell formation
- Author
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Best, JA, Blair, DA, Knell, J, Yang, E, Mayya, V, Doedens, A, Dustin, ML, Goldrath, AW, Monach, P, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Jianu, R, Koller, D, Collins, J, Gazit, R, Garrison, BS, Rossi, DJ, Narayan, K, Sylvia, K, Kang, J, Fletcher, A, Elpek, K, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Malhotra, D, Turley, S, Jojic, V, Shay, T, Regev, A, Cohen, N, Brennan, P, Brenner, M, Kreslavsky, T, Bezman, NA, Sun, JC, Kim, CC, Lanier, LL, Miller, J, Brown, B, Merad, M, Gautier, EL, Jakubzick, C, Randolph, GJ, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Heng, T, Painter, M, Ericson, J, Davis, S, Ergun, A, Mingueneau, M, Mathis, D, and Benoist, C
- Abstract
After infection, many factors coordinate the population expansion and differentiation of CD8+effector and memory T cells. Using data of unparalleled breadth from the Immunological Genome Project, we analyzed the CD8+T cell transcriptome throughout infection to establish gene-expression signatures and identify putative transcriptional regulators. Notably, we found that the expression of key gene signatures can be used to predict the memory-precursor potential of CD8+effector cells. Long-lived memory CD8+cells ultimately expressed a small subset of genes shared by natural killer T and γδ T cells. Although distinct inflammatory milieu and T cell precursor frequencies influenced the differentiation of CD8+effector and memory populations, core transcriptional signatures were regulated similarly, whether polyclonal or transgenic, and whether responding to bacterial or viral model pathogens. Our results provide insights into the transcriptional regulation that influence memory formation and CD8+T cell immunity. © 2013 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2013
31. Shared and distinct transcriptional programs underlie the hybrid nature of iNKT cells
- Author
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Cohen, NR, Brennan, PJ, Shay, T, Watts, GF, Brigl, M, Kang, J, Brenner, MB, Monach, P, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Jianu, R, Koller, D, Collins, J, Gazit, R, Garrison, BS, Rossi, DJ, Narayan, K, Sylvia, K, Fletcher, A, Elpek, K, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Malhotra, D, Turley, S, Best, AJ, Knell, J, Goldrath, A, Jojic, V, Regev, A, Cohan, N, Brennen, P, Brennar, M, Kreslavsky, T, Bezman, NA, Sun, JC, Kim, CC, Lanier, LL, Miller, J, Brown, B, Merad, M, Gautier, EL, Jakubzick, C, Randolph, GJ, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Heng, T, Painter, M, Ericson, J, Davis, S, Ergun, A, Mingueneau, M, Mathis, D, and Benoist, C
- Abstract
Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are innate-like T lymphocytes that act as critical regulators of the immune response. To better characterize this population, we profiled gene expression in iNKT cells during ontogeny and in peripheral subsets as part of the Immunological Genome Project. High-resolution comparative transcriptional analyses defined developmental and subset-specific programs of gene expression by iNKT cells. In addition, we found that iNKT cells shared an extensive transcriptional program with NK cells, similar in magnitude to that shared with major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted T cells. Notably, the program shared by NK cells and iNKT cells also operated constitutively in γδ T cells and in adaptive T cells after activation. Together our findings highlight a core effector program regulated distinctly in innate and adaptive lymphocytes. © 2013 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2013
32. ECONOMIES OF SCALE IN LIFE AND HEALTH INSURANCE INDUSTRY.
- Author
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Malhotra, D. K., Poteau, Raymond R., and Russel, Philip S.
- Subjects
INSURANCE companies ,ECONOMIES of scale ,EMERGING markets ,BUSINESS development ,CUSTOMER satisfaction - Abstract
The insurance industry plays a vital role in the US economy. In 2015, the U.S. life and health insurance industry generated total revenue of $848.2 billion The economic crisis of 2007-2009 had a major negative impact on many financial institutions, including the life and health insurance industry. The industry continues to face growth challenges even eight years after the crisis. Many firms in the life and health insurance industry have responded to this challenge by restructuring through mergers and acquisitions, while some have filed for bankruptcy. In addition, firms have ventured into emerging markets to boost their revenue stream or diversify their product offerings. Whether such growth has led to cost efficiencies is an important empirical questions with implications that extend beyond the firm and the consumer. This study examines evidence on cost efficiencies through economies of scale for a sample of firms in the life and health insurance industry using firm level data for the years 2012 to 2015. Results suggest that growth strategies have led to significant cost efficiencies due to economies of scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
33. Gene-expression profiles and transcriptional regulatory pathways that underlie the identity and diversity of mouse tissue macrophages
- Author
-
Gautiar, EL, Shay, T, Miller, J, Greter, M, Jakubzick, C, Ivanov, S, Helft, J, Chow, A, Elpek, KG, Gordonov, S, Mazloom, AR, Ma'Ayan, A, Chua, WJ, Hansen, TH, Turley, SJ, Merad, M, Randolph, GJ, Best, AJ, Knell, J, Goldrath, A, Brown, B, Jojic, V, Koller, D, Cohen, N, Brenner, M, Regev, A, Fletcher, A, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Malhotra, D, Jianu, R, Laidlaw, D, Collins, J, Narayan, K, Sylvia, K, Kang, J, Gazit, R, Garrison, BS, Rossi, DJ, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Monach, P, Bezman, NA, Sun, JC, Kim, CC, Lanier, LL, Heng, T, Kreslavsky, T, Painter, M, Ericson, J, Davis, S, Mathis, D, and Benoist, C
- Abstract
We assessed gene expression in tissue macrophages from various mouse organs. The diversity in gene expression among different populations of macrophages was considerable. Only a few hundred mRNA transcripts were selectively expressed by macrophages rather than dendritic cells, and many of these were not present in all macrophages. Nonetheless, well-characterized surface markers, including MerTK and FcγR1 (CD64), along with a cluster of previously unidentified transcripts, were distinctly and universally associated with mature tissue macrophages. TCEF3, C/EBP-α, Bach1 and CREG-1 were among the transcriptional regulators predicted to regulate these core macrophage-associated genes. The mRNA encoding other transcription factors, such as Gata6, was associated with single macrophage populations. We further identified how these transcripts and the proteins they encode facilitated distinguishing macrophages from dendritic cells. © 2012 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2012
34. Consortium biology in immunology: The perspective from the Immunological Genome Project
- Author
-
Benoist, C, Lanier, L, Merad, M, Mathis, D, Ericson, J, Painter, M, Davis, S, Laplace, C, Hyatt, G, Paik, H, Rothamel, K, Cruse, R, Doran, G, Heng, T, Asinovski, N, Ortiz-Lopes, A, Ergun, A, Gray, D, Wakamatsu, E, Hill, J, Mingueneau, M, Cipolletta, D, Yoshida, H, Cohen, N, Kim, E, Brennan, P, Lynch, L, Brenner, M, Costello, J, Collins, JJ, Blair, D, Dustin, M, Knell, J, Yang, E, Best, A, Shaw, L, Doedens, A, Goldrath, A, Shinton, S, Zhou, Y, Hardy, R, Jojic, V, Mostafavi, S, Koller, D, Jianu, R, Laidlaw, D, Bezman, N, Sun, J, Zhu, Y, Hendricks, D, Kamimura, Y, Min-Oo, G, Morvan, M, Nabekura, T, Lam, V, Kim, C, Greter, M, Helft, J, Chow, A, Bogunovic, M, Mortha, A, Price, J, Hashimoto, D, Miller, J, Sathe, P, Chudnovskiy, A, Lavin, Y, Idoyaga, J, Gautier, E, Jakubzick, C, D'Angelo, J, Randolph, G, Shay, T, Regev, A, Gazit, R, Rossi, D, Kreslawsky, T, von Bohmer, H, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Elpek, K, Spelv, L, Fletcher, A, Malhotra, D, Cremasco, V, Turley, S, Kim, F, Nageswara Rao, T, and Wagers, A
- Subjects
Allergy and Immunology ,Science ,Research ,Immunogenetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunological Genome Project ,Genomics ,Biology - Abstract
Although the field has a long collaborative tradition, immunology has made less use than genetics of 'consortium biology', wherein groups of investigators together tackle large integrated questions or problems. However, immunology is naturally suited to large-scale integrative and systems-level approaches, owing to the multicellular and adaptive nature of the cells it encompasses. Here, we discuss the value and drawbacks of this organization of research, in the context of the long-running 'big science' debate, and consider the opportunities that may exist for the immunology community. We position this analysis in light of our own experience, both positive and negative, as participants of the Immunological Genome Project. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2012
35. Molecular definition of the identity and activation of natural killer cells
- Author
-
Bezman, NA, Kim, CC, Sun, JC, Min-Oo, G, Hendricks, DW, Kamimura, Y, Best, JA, Goldrath, AW, Lanier, LL, Gautier, EL, Jakubzick, C, Randolph, GJ, Best, AJ, Knell, J, Miller, J, Brown, B, Merad, M, Jojic, V, Koller, D, Cohen, N, Brennan, P, Brenner, M, Shay, T, Regev, A, Fletcher, A, Elpek, K, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Malhotra, D, Turley, S, Jianu, R, Laidlaw, D, Collins, JJ, Narayan, K, Sylvia, K, Kang, J, Gazit, R, Rossi, DJ, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Monach, P, Heng, T, Kreslavsky, T, Painter, M, Ericson, J, Davis, S, Mathis, D, and Benoist, C
- Abstract
Using whole-genome microarray data sets of the Immunological Genome Project, we demonstrate a closer transcriptional relationship between NK cells and T cells than between any other leukocytes, distinguished by their shared expression of genes encoding molecules with similar signaling functions. Whereas resting NK cells are known to share expression of a few genes with cytotoxic CD8 + T cells, our transcriptome-wide analysis demonstrates that the commonalities extend to hundreds of genes, many encoding molecules with unknown functions. Resting NK cells demonstrate a 'preprimed' state compared with naive T cells, which allows NK cells to respond more rapidly to viral infection. Collectively, our data provide a global context for known and previously unknown molecular aspects of NK cell identity and function by delineating the genome-wide repertoire of gene expression of NK cells in various states. © 2012 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2012
36. Deciphering the transcriptional network of the dendritic cell lineage
- Author
-
Miller, JC, Brown, BD, Shay, T, Gautier, EL, Jojic, V, Cohain, A, Pandey, G, Leboeuf, M, Elpek, KG, Helft, J, Hashimoto, D, Chow, A, Price, J, Greter, M, Bogunovic, M, Bellemare-Pelletier, A, Frenette, PS, Randolph, GJ, Turley, SJ, Merad, M, Jakubzick, C, Best, AJ, Knell, J, Goldrath, A, Koller, D, Cohen, N, Brennan, P, Brenner, M, Regev, A, Fletcher, A, Malhotra, D, Jianu, R, Laidlaw, D, Collins, J, Narayan, K, Sylvia, K, Kang, J, Gazit, R, Rossi, DJ, Kim, F, Rao, TN, Wagers, A, Shinton, SA, Hardy, RR, Monach, P, Bezman, NA, Sun, JC, Kim, CC, Lanier, LL, Heng, T, Kreslavsky, T, Painter, M, Ericson, J, Davis, S, Mathis, D, and Benoist, C
- Abstract
Although much progress has been made in the understanding of the ontogeny and function of dendritic cells (DCs), the transcriptional regulation of the lineage commitment and functional specialization of DCs in vivo remains poorly understood. We made a comprehensive comparative analysis of CD8 +, CD103 +, CD11b + and plasmacytoid DC subsets, as well as macrophage DC precursors and common DC precursors, across the entire immune system. Here we characterized candidate transcriptional activators involved in the commitment of myeloid progenitor cells to the DC lineage and predicted regulators of DC functional diversity in tissues. We identified a molecular signature that distinguished tissue DCs from macrophages. We also identified a transcriptional program expressed specifically during the steady-state migration of tissue DCs to the draining lymph nodes that may control tolerance to self tissue antigens. © 2012 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2012
37. Denitrosylation of HDAC2 by targeting Nrf2 restores glucocorticosteroid sensitivity in macrophages from COPD patients (Retracted article. See vol. 124, pg. 5521, 2014)
- Author
-
Malhotra, D, Thimmulappa, RK, Mercado, N, Ito, K, Kombairaju, P, Kumar, S, Ma, J, Feller-Kopman, D, Wise, R, Barnes, P, and Biswal, S
- Published
- 2011
38. Shadow of the contract: How contract structure shapes interfirm dispute resolution
- Author
-
Lumineau, F, Malhotra, D, Lumineau, F, and Malhotra, D
- Abstract
This paper investigates how contract structure influences interfirm dispute resolution processes and outcomes by examining a unique dataset consisting of over 150,000 pages of documents relating to 102 business disputes. We find that the level of contract detail affects the type of dispute resolution approach that is adopted when conflict arises, and that different approaches are associated with different costs for resolving the dispute. We also find that the effect of contract choice on dispute resolution approach is moderated by the degree of coordination required in the relationship, and that the effect of dispute approach on costs is moderated by the degree of power asymmetry between the parties. Thus, even after controlling for various attributes of the exchange relationship and the dispute, the choice of contracting structure has important strategic implications. Copyright ï½ 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Published
- 2011
39. Trust and collaboration in the aftermath of conflict: The effects of contract structure
- Author
-
Malhotra, D, Lumineau, F, Malhotra, D, and Lumineau, F
- Abstract
Leveraging a longitudinal dataset concerning 102 inter-firm disputes, we evaluate the effects of contract structure on trust and on the likelihood of continued collaboration. We theoretically refine and empirically extend prior research by (a) distinguishing between control and coordination functions of contracts, (b) separating goodwill-based and competence-based trust, and (c) evaluating the effects of contract structure on relational outcomes in the context of disputes. We find that control provisions increase competence-based trust, but reduce goodwill-based trust, resulting in a net decrease in the likelihood of continued collaboration. Coordination provisions increase competence-based trust, leading to an increased likelihood of continued collaboration.
- Published
- 2011
40. SCALE ECONOMIES IN THE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT SERVICES INDUSTRY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY.
- Author
-
Malhotra, D. K., O'Pella, Justin, and Poteau, Raymond
- Subjects
MUTUAL funds ,INVESTMENTS ,WEALTH management services ,ASSET management ,OPERATING costs ,BUSINESS revenue - Abstract
This study investigates economies of scale in the investment management services industry. Translog cost function has been utilized to evaluate the economies of scale in investment and asset management companies with size being measured for each of the five years for the period 2010 to 2014 in two different ways: total assets under management of the firm and total revenue being generated by the firm. The study also evaluates cost elasticity of total expenses, total distribution expenses, and general administrative and selling expenses with respect to total revenue being generated by the firm. The results of this study found that cost elasticity for total expenses, total distribution expenses, general administrative and selling expenses are less than one with respect to total assets of the firm. With an increase in the size of the firm in terms of assets under management, total expenses, total distribution expenses, general administrative and selling expenses did not increase in the same proportion. It was also found that the cost elasticity for total distribution expenses, general administrative and selling expenses were less than one and statistically significant, but the size of the economies of scale is more with respect to total assets relative to total revenue. Finally, cost elasticity of total expenses equals one with respect to total revenue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
41. Endogenous cardiotonic steroids in chronic renal failure
- Author
-
Kolmakova, E. V., primary, Haller, S. T., additional, Kennedy, D. J., additional, Isachkina, A. N., additional, Budny, G. V., additional, Frolova, E. V., additional, Piecha, G., additional, Nikitina, E. R., additional, Malhotra, D., additional, Fedorova, O. V., additional, Shapiro, J. I., additional, and Bagrov, A. Y., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Improvements in plant operations through plant auditing.
- Author
-
Malhotra D., 15th Industrial minerals international congress Paris, France 22-Apr-0224-Apr-02, Bentzen E.H., Malhotra D., 15th Industrial minerals international congress Paris, France 22-Apr-0224-Apr-02, and Bentzen E.H.
- Abstract
A systematic plant auditing approach is decribed as a basis for plant optimisation and improvements. The nine steps involve defining programme objectives, identifying problems, reviewing historical data, designing a sampling campaign, evaluating sample circuits, data analyses, presentation of conclusions, evaluating alternative solutions and developing recommendations. Characteristics of a successful plant audit include that it can be expensive and time-consuming, requires commitment by senior management, shows reasonably good benefit/risk ratio, recommendations should be implemented, cooperation is required between auditor, auditee and client and auditor should have broad-based experience. Three case studies are presented, a global audit of a gold-silver processing plant in Mexico where a specific audit relating to the grinding circuit was recommended, a specific audit for a cyanidation plant in Latin America processing gold-bearing ore where the circuit was modified by removal of finished product from the semiautogenous grinding mill discharge by incorporating additional cyclones to improve grinding efficiency and the countercurrent decantation circuit was improved by modifying flocculant addition method and points of addition, and a global/specific audit at a phosphate beneficiation plant in Asia to determine reasons for inconsistent product quality., A systematic plant auditing approach is decribed as a basis for plant optimisation and improvements. The nine steps involve defining programme objectives, identifying problems, reviewing historical data, designing a sampling campaign, evaluating sample circuits, data analyses, presentation of conclusions, evaluating alternative solutions and developing recommendations. Characteristics of a successful plant audit include that it can be expensive and time-consuming, requires commitment by senior management, shows reasonably good benefit/risk ratio, recommendations should be implemented, cooperation is required between auditor, auditee and client and auditor should have broad-based experience. Three case studies are presented, a global audit of a gold-silver processing plant in Mexico where a specific audit relating to the grinding circuit was recommended, a specific audit for a cyanidation plant in Latin America processing gold-bearing ore where the circuit was modified by removal of finished product from the semiautogenous grinding mill discharge by incorporating additional cyclones to improve grinding efficiency and the countercurrent decantation circuit was improved by modifying flocculant addition method and points of addition, and a global/specific audit at a phosphate beneficiation plant in Asia to determine reasons for inconsistent product quality.
- Published
- 2002
43. Politics of mining: what they don't teach you in school.
- Author
-
Malhotra D., ed., Malhotra D., and ed.
- Abstract
The book explores some of the non-technical influences that can have a major impact in the mining industry, including many summarised case studies as examples. Sections are included on mining company business issues, company politics, social/community/cultural issues, technology transfer and training. Chapters are as follows: Politics of mining - an overview; Due diligence - technical and nontechnical considerations; Gold medal performance; Corporate culture - what is it, why should I care?; Will it be business as usual? (mergers and acquisitions); Project handoff from exploration to development - how to avoid fumbling the ball; Joe Doe bloopers, blunders and scams; The business unit model for mining companies; Political metallurgy - "sandbagging" versus prudent caution, and other political considerations; Do managers use consultants because they are smarter?; Do engineers make good managers?; The importance of community assistance in the mining industry; International lender finance of mining projects; Nongovernmental organisations - friend or foe?; 2B or not 2B? - E-commerce in mining; The Internet - a powerful anti-mining tool in the wrong hands; World Bank Group policies and guidelines (did someone move the goalposts?); Technology transfer to the mining industry; Technology transfer - perception versus reality; Mentoring - an important tool for engineers and their organisations; Intercultural assessment, training and development - a must for international assignees and their families; and How specific-equipment training for maintenance personnel pays dividends for new facilities., The book explores some of the non-technical influences that can have a major impact in the mining industry, including many summarised case studies as examples. Sections are included on mining company business issues, company politics, social/community/cultural issues, technology transfer and training. Chapters are as follows: Politics of mining - an overview; Due diligence - technical and nontechnical considerations; Gold medal performance; Corporate culture - what is it, why should I care?; Will it be business as usual? (mergers and acquisitions); Project handoff from exploration to development - how to avoid fumbling the ball; Joe Doe bloopers, blunders and scams; The business unit model for mining companies; Political metallurgy - "sandbagging" versus prudent caution, and other political considerations; Do managers use consultants because they are smarter?; Do engineers make good managers?; The importance of community assistance in the mining industry; International lender finance of mining projects; Nongovernmental organisations - friend or foe?; 2B or not 2B? - E-commerce in mining; The Internet - a powerful anti-mining tool in the wrong hands; World Bank Group policies and guidelines (did someone move the goalposts?); Technology transfer to the mining industry; Technology transfer - perception versus reality; Mentoring - an important tool for engineers and their organisations; Intercultural assessment, training and development - a must for international assignees and their families; and How specific-equipment training for maintenance personnel pays dividends for new facilities.
- Published
- 2001
44. AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AUDIT FEE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE.
- Author
-
Malhotra, D. K., Poteau, Raymond, and Russel, Philip
- Subjects
AUDITING fees ,ORGANIZATIONAL performance ,UNITED States. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ,DOW Jones industrial average ,CORPORATE governance - Abstract
Corporate governance in general and audit quality in particular became the focus of regulators since the Enron and WorldCom debacle. The resultant legislation in the form of Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002 provides specific guidelines for the audit committee to ensure effective corporate governance. The financial failure on Wall Street in 2008 further initiated the passing of the Dodd-Frank bill in 2010 and as a result, companies have taken measures to improve corporate governance by creating transparency. The role of audit committee and auditor is central in ensuring good governance so that management acts in the best interest of shareholders to create value for them. This study empirically examines the relationship between audit fees and a firm's performance over a period of 2001 to 2011. The study finds a negative relation between audit fee and firm performance as measured by return on assets and return on equity. The study is restricted to thirty companies that are part of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
45. AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF COST EFFICIENCIES IN THE REGIONAL BANKING INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES.
- Author
-
Malhotra, D. K., Opella, Justin, and Poteau, Raymond
- Subjects
ECONOMIES of scale ,RETURNS to scale ,CORPORATE growth ,COST functions ,REGIONAL banks - Abstract
This study analyzes economies of scale 34 regional U.S. banks over the period of ten years (2004-2013). A translog cost function is used to evaluate the cost efficiencies in the regional U.S. banking industry. Economies of scale are estimated with translog cost function for total cost, non-interest expenses, interest expenses, and employee cost with respect to the total output and the total output is defined in three different ways--total assets, total deposits, and total loans of regional U. S. banks. Estimates of cost elasticity show the extent cost efficiencies in the regional U.S. banking industry with respect to total assets, total deposits, and total loans, because with every dollar increase in assets or deposits or loans, cost is rising less than proportionately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
46. AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF THE COST FFICIENCIES IN THE THRIFTS AND MORTGAGE FINANCE COMPANIES.
- Author
-
Malhotra, D. K. and Poteau, Raymond
- Subjects
COST effectiveness ,THRIFT institutions ,MORTGAGE banks ,PRIVATE companies ,FINANCIAL statements ,STAKEHOLDERS - Abstract
This study evaluates cost efficiencies of the U.S. thrift and mortgage finance companies for the period 2007 to 2011. This study shows that total cost, total interest cost, and total non-interest cost increases less than proportionately to increases in assets, which points to economies of scale with reference to assets. The study also finds that total cost, total interest cost, and total non-interest cost is negatively related to size as measured by total deposits and there are cost efficiencies with regard to size as measured by total deposits of thrifts and mortgage finance companies. Furthermore, there are economies of scale with respect to total loans made by thrifts and mortgage finance companies, because the larger the amount of loans on the balance sheet, the lower is total cost, total interest cost, and total non-interest cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
47. Review of plant practice of flotation of gold and silver ores.
- Author
-
Malhotra D., Advances in flotation technology Denver, Colorado 01-Mar-9903-Mar-99, Harris L., Malhotra D., Advances in flotation technology Denver, Colorado 01-Mar-9903-Mar-99, and Harris L.
- Abstract
Flotation is often used to preconcentrate Au-bearing ores prior to roasting, pressure oxidation, chlorination and/or biological treatment. It is also a common concentration technique for recovering precious metals as by-products in sulphide mineral flotation circuits. Current treatment of Ag-containing ores is almost entirely by flotation. The selection of processing options depends on ore type, availability of technology, environmental restrictions, mining history of the region and the subsequent treatment process. Discussion, process data and flowsheets are presented of the processes used for six categories of refractory ores: placer ores, Cu-rich Au ores, Fe sulphide-rich Au ores, As-rich Au ores, Sb-rich Au ores and telluride ores., Flotation is often used to preconcentrate Au-bearing ores prior to roasting, pressure oxidation, chlorination and/or biological treatment. It is also a common concentration technique for recovering precious metals as by-products in sulphide mineral flotation circuits. Current treatment of Ag-containing ores is almost entirely by flotation. The selection of processing options depends on ore type, availability of technology, environmental restrictions, mining history of the region and the subsequent treatment process. Discussion, process data and flowsheets are presented of the processes used for six categories of refractory ores: placer ores, Cu-rich Au ores, Fe sulphide-rich Au ores, As-rich Au ores, Sb-rich Au ores and telluride ores.
- Published
- 1999
48. Is operator training necessary for optimisation of flotation plants?
- Author
-
Malhotra D., Advances in flotation technology Denver, Colorado 01-Mar-9903-Mar-99, Malhotra D., and Advances in flotation technology Denver, Colorado 01-Mar-9903-Mar-99
- Abstract
A three-phase training programme is suggested to improve the technical knowledge of operators. Phase I involves plant start-up and familiarisation with equipment, phase II deals with operator skill training and phase III concerns tailor-made training specific to the operation. The third phase is designed to walk the operator through the logistics of the specific selection of the process parameters and the role of each chemical reagent in the flotation process. A plant audit demonstrated a potential improvement in recovery of 2% when all operators were brought to the level of the best operator., A three-phase training programme is suggested to improve the technical knowledge of operators. Phase I involves plant start-up and familiarisation with equipment, phase II deals with operator skill training and phase III concerns tailor-made training specific to the operation. The third phase is designed to walk the operator through the logistics of the specific selection of the process parameters and the role of each chemical reagent in the flotation process. A plant audit demonstrated a potential improvement in recovery of 2% when all operators were brought to the level of the best operator.
- Published
- 1999
49. An Empirical Analysis of Cost Efficiencies in the Indian Banking Industry.
- Author
-
Malhotra, D. K., Poteau, Raymond, and Malhotra, Ashok
- Abstract
This study analyzes the cost efficiencies of 35 Indian commercial banks over the period 2007 to 2013. We use translog cost function to evaluate economies of scale in the Indian banking sector. Translog cost function is estimated for total cost, operating cost, non-operating cost, interest expenses, and employee cost. We estimate cost efficiencies with respect to output and output is defined in three different ways-total assets, total deposits, and total loans of Indian banks. Estimates of cost elasticity show that Indian commercial banks are reaping economies of scale with respect to total assets, total deposits, and total loans, because with every rupee increase in assets or deposits or loans, cost is rising less than proportionately. We also find that ownership structure of a bank (public sector or private sector) plays a role in determining cost efficiencies in the Indian banking industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
50. DETERMINANTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN BRAZIL, RUSSIA, INDIA, AND CHINA.
- Author
-
Malhotra, D. K., Russow, Lloyd, and Singh, Rahul
- Subjects
FOREIGN investments ,EMERGING markets - Abstract
This study sets out to evaluate the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Brazil, Russia, India, and China over 1995 to 2012 time period. In this study, foreign direct investment was modeled as a function of economic and non-economic/institutional variables. It was found that both economic and institutional variables play an important role in influencing the level of foreign direct investment in emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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