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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:CAUTIs are thought to be an avoidable complication and account for 75% of urinary tract infections (UTI). CAUTI risk increases 5%/day (d) of catheterization. For >10 year...

Background Intra-partum (IP) IV vancomycin (VAN) 20 mg/kg every 8 hours is proposed by #797 for the prevention of early onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease (GBS), a recommendation for which the basis of scientific merit is poor. The goal of our study was to analyze the sparsely sampled published data and raise awareness about the underlying risk of VAN toxicity with this dosing approach. Methods Plasma and cord-blood concentration-time data of IV VAN given to mothers in the IP period was analyzed. 5000 Monte Carlo runs were conducted to simulate maternal/fetal exposure (AUC0-24; 24-48) for doses of 1500, 1750 and 2000 mgs q8h and for possible birth times at two-hour intervals. Neonatal VAN clearance was not possible to determine; hence, we used a validated PK model to calculate exposure for the first 24h of life for gestational ages (GA) of 33 to 40 weeks. The AUC range of 400 – 600, and > 600 mg*h/L were considered for indices of efficacy and toxicity, respectively. Results Estimates from 30 pairs of serum and cord-blood concentrations analyzed with a 2-compartment model are shown in Table 1. Maternal VAN exposures seem acceptable up to 2 IP doses given with mean (SD) AUC0-24 of 394 (140), 474 (167), and 540 (193) mg*h/L for the 1500, 1750 and 2000 mg regimens. Most mothers (up to 83%) who receive three or more doses will be subjected to nephrotoxic exposures (Figure 1.). Neonatal evaluations indicate similarly low PTAs for the three dosing regimens when the efficacy target is considered (Figure 2. A). On the other hand, the PTAs for potentially nephrotoxic exposure is expected to reach undesirable levels when three or more doses were to be administered. The risk is profoundly high in GA of 33 to 35 weeks and birth times beyond 20 hours after the initiation of intra-partum prophylaxis (Figure 2. B). Figure 1. Figure 2.A Figure 2.B Conclusion Current recommendations by #797 for dosing of vancomycin pose significant risk to mother and newborn alike, especially in cases with lengthy duration of labor. Based on our results, maternal therapeutic drug monitoring for all cases requiring more than two doses should be considered. With the proposed dosing regimen going un-adjusted, 1 out of 4 newborns and 4 out of 5 mothers may be subjected to nephrotoxic exposures in prolonged labor. Table 1. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Background Hand infections represent a major source of morbidity, which can result in hand stiffness and amputation. Early appropriate empiric antibiotic regimen may reduce the associated morbidity, hence the importance to examine local epidemiology. The aim of this study was to define the current epidemiology of adult hand infections at two urban hospitals in New York City. Methods We performed a double center, retrospective study of adult patients hospitalized from March 2018 to May 2020. Patients with positive cultures associated with the hand infections were included. Retrospectively, 100 patients were reviewed. Data on baseline demographic, clinical, surgical, microbiology, and treatment parameters were collected. Results Of the 100 patients, 76% were male, with median age of 47.5 years (35, 58.25) and average C-reactive protein (CRP) of 50.66 mg/L (± 64.64) on admission (see Table 1). Previous hospitalization within 1 year (38%), previous surgical procedures (39%) and recent IV medication use (26%) were common. 130 bacterial isolates were identified (see Table 2). The most frequent organisms were Gram-positive, with Methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA, 25.38%), Streptococcus species (20.08%), and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 15.38%) being the most common. Gram-negative organisms were infrequent, with Haemophilus parainfluenzae (3.85%), Enterobacter cloacae (3.85) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.08%) being the most prevalent. Of the 100 patients, 27% had polymicrobial infections, associated with trauma (6%), illicit IV use (6%) and unknown (7%) etiologies. Table 1: Baseline demographics and co-morbid conditions Table 2: Types and numbers of organisms in relation to etiologies Conclusion Within our population, the most common organisms associated with hand infections were Gram-positive, with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species being the most prevalent. Gram-negative pathogens were infrequently isolated. The results within this study can provide guidance to clinicians on assessing the appropriate empiric antibiotic regimen in patients with hand infections, and can serve as a basis for further studies identifying risk factors associated with isolation of organisms associated with hand infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Background Countless diseases and medications have been implicated in the past as causing prolongation of the QT interval. Their unique role through the means of quantifying the definite magnitude of relative risk they contribute during hospitalization still requires further investigation. The aim of this study was to describe the impact of commonly used anti-infectives on the QT interval in hospitalized patients during the COVID-19 era. Methods Demographic information, medical history, laboratory data, medication administration history and ECG recording data was collected from the electronic records of adult patients admitted to two urban hospitals. A mixed effects approach with four sub-models for the QT interval comprised of: heart rate, circadian rhythm, gender, and the drug (regressed as the cumulative mg dose administered over time) and disease effects was used. Fixed and random effects with between occasion variability were estimated for the parameters with a Bayesian approach using the STAN software. Results Data from 2180 patients were used with baseline characteristics shown in Table 1. Observed vs. predicted plots based on the training (Figure 1.A) and validation data set (Figure 1.B) showed excellent fit. The parameters for QTc0, α, gender, and circadian rhythm were identified within the range previously described (Table 2.). Similarly, the model correctly identified the impact of acute or chronic diseases on the QT interval. Model coefficient estimates [mean (95% CI) of 0.010 (0.006, 0.15) and 0.0045 (0.0013, 0.01100) msec/mg cumulative dose, respectively] suggest that patients treated with conventional regimens of fluconazole and levofloxacin are most likely to present with a QT interval increase > 5 msec, the cutoff threshold of regulatory concern. Figure 1. A-B Table 1. Table 2. Conclusion The model developed accurately identified the impact baseline risk factors and concomitant medications have on the QT interval. When adjusted for these confounding variables, estimates of QT interval prolongation show that treatment with fluconazole and levofloxacin pose a considerable risk; while treatment with azithromycin or hydroxychloroquine is of moderate risk for QT interval prolongation. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Background COVID-19 is an emerging pathogen that has caused a global pandemic, with New York City as one of its epicenters. Data are still forthcoming if pregnant women are more vulnerable to COVID-19, as they are with influenza. Additionally, it is not known if infants born to COVID-19 positive women are at risk of being infected at birth. Methods In March 2020, our hospital instituted a policy of testing all pregnant women presenting for active labor and scheduled C-section or induction of labor, with a nasopharyngeal swab that was sent for RT-PCR qualitative SARS-CoV-2 assay (Roche Cobas® 6800). Upon birth, infants were also tested, unless the parent did not give consent. We retrospectively reviewed the COVID-19 test results of all pregnant women and their infants, from March 23 through May 31, 2020 using our infection control surveillance system (VigiLanz®). We also reviewed the electronic medical record (EPIC®) for documentation of any symptoms consistent with COVID-19 infection either prior to hospitalization or during the hospital stay. Results A total of 415 women and 72 infants were tested for SARS-CoV-2. Of the 415 women tested, 41 (9.9%) were positive. Of the 72 infants tested, 2 (2.8%) were positive and concordant with their birth parent. Only 1 (2.4%) of the women who tested positive was symptomatic. The remaining 40 (97.6%) women did not report any symptoms of COVID-19 during labor. Neither of the two positive infants displayed any signs or symptoms of COVID-19. Of the 41 women who were positive, 5 did not consent to have their infant tested. The one symptomatic woman who tested positive for COVID-19 had an infant who tested negative by PCR. Conclusion During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, we found 9.9% (41/415) of pregnant women presenting for labor tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Among the 41 women who tested positive, only 1 (2.4%) had symptoms on presentation and only 2 newborn infants tested positive. Our data suggests that pregnant women may not be at increased risk for complications from COVID-19 disease and are not likely to transmit the disease to their infants during labor. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Background Torsades de pointes is a life-threatening ventricular tachycardia associated with prolongation of the QT interval. Many diseases and medications have been implicated as potentially prolonging the QT interval, but little data exists regarding the means of quantifying this risk. The aim of this study was to describe the impact of commonly used antimicrobials on the QT interval in hospitalized patients. Methods Demographic, diseases, laboratory, medication administration history and ECG recording data were collected from the electronic records of adult patients admitted, from July 2018 to December 2018, to two urban hospitals. A model for the QT interval comprised of four sub-models: gender, heart rate, circadian rhythm, and the drug and disease effects. Fixed and random effects with between occasion variability were estimated for the parameters. A Bayesian approach using the NUTS in STAN was used via the brms package in the R® software. Results Data from 1,353 patients were used with baseline characteristics shown in Table 1. Observed vs. predicted plots based on the training (Figure 1A) and validation data set (Figure 1B) showed a great fit. The parameters for QTc0, α, gender, and circadian rhythm were accurately identified (Table 2). Similarly, the model correctly described the expected impact of acute or chronic diseases on the QT interval. Uncertainty interval estimates (Figure 2) show that patients treated with fluconazole and levofloxacin are likely to present with a QT interval [mean (95% CI) of 6.84 (0.22,21.45) and 5.05 (0.15, 16.70), respectively], that is > 5 ms longer vs. no treatment, the minimum cutoff that should evoke further risk assessment of QT interval prolongation. Conclusion The model developed correctly describes the impact baseline risk factors have on the QT interval. Point estimates of QT interval prolongation show that patients treated with fluconazole and levofloxacin may be at considerable risk; while those treated with azithromycin or ciprofloxacin are more likely to be at an insignificant risk for QT interval prolongation during hospital admission. Further workup to quantify the impact of concomitant treatment with these and other at-risk medications is underway. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

We performed a nested case-control study (ratio of 1:4) on the emergence of tigecycline-resistant multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (TR-MDRKP) isolates among patients who initially presented with a tigecycline-susceptible MDRKP isolate. Out of 260 patients, 24 (9%) had a subsequent clinical culture positive for a TR-MDRKP isolate within the 90-day follow-up period. On logistic regression analyses, receipt of tigecycline (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.80 to 14.23; P = 0.002) was the only independent predictor of subsequent isolation of a TR strain.

Escherichia coli isolates harboring CTX-M β-lactamases have rarely been obtained from children in the United States. Here we report eight such isolates from seven community-dwelling pediatric patients and their microbiological and clinical correlates. Pediatric E. coli isolates identified as