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1. Clarice Lispector e Rodrigo S. M.: Uma narrativa que borda o sujeito do desamparo

Author

Ieslei Miguel Souza and Priscilla Melo Ribeiro de Lima

Subjects
A Hora da Estrela, Rodrigo S. M., estranho, angústia, desamparo, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Resumo: Este estudo se fundamenta na teoria psicanalítica, sendo os conceitos de estranho, angústia e desamparo pontos de convergência entre a psicanálise e a produção literária de Clarice Lispector, mais especificamente A Hora da Estrela de 1977. Partindo das falhas de uma sociedade que não cumpre a promessa de amparar os cidadãos do mal-estar gerado por ela, literatura e psicanálise se somam. Para isso, o trabalho aborda o processo de escrita literária como fruto de inquietação, de angústia e de desamparo do sujeito; um processo criativo vislumbrado em Clarice Lispector. Na tentativa de melhor compreender os conceitos já descritos, estudo teórico foi realizado, como também a obra da autora. Teoricamente a pesquisa se alicerça em Freud, Kehl, Dunker, Birman entre outros. Como resultado final é possível dizer que, em A Hora da Estrela, o personagem Rodrigo S. M., ilustra bem o tipo de desamparo psicológico proposto a estudar. Por meio de Rodrigo S. M., a produção artística dá suporte ao desamparo psíquico, quando as demais sustentações criadas pelo homem falham, deixando o sujeito à condição de construí-las.

Published
2023
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2. Optomechanical hot-spots in metallic nanorod-polymer nanocomposites

Author

Thomas Vasileiadis, Adnane Noual, Yuchen Wang, Bartlomiej Graczykowski, Bahram Djafari-Rouhani, Shu Yang, George Fytas, Max Planck Society, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), University of Mohammed I - Université Mohammed Premier, University of Pennsylvania, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action Grant Agreement 101003436 – PLASMMONS. G.F. acknowledges the support by ERC AdG SmartPhon (Grant 694977). T.V. acknowledges the financial support from the Polish National Science Centre (No. UMO-2021/43/D/ST3/02526). B.G. acknowledges the financial support from the Polish National Science Centre (No. UMO-2018/31/D/ST3/03882). B.D.R. and A.N. acknowledge the computer facilities provided by the group ephoni at Institut d’Electronique, Microélectronique and Nanotechnologie, University of Lille. S.Y. acknowledges the support by the National Science Foundation (NSF), DMR/Polymer program, No. DMR-210484. We thank Emerson Coy (NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University) for his assistance with the TEM measurements of Au NRs in PVA., European Project: 101003436,H2020,231361,PLASMMONS(2020), European Project: 694977,H2020,Small - and nano - scale soft phononics(2016), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań [UAM], Physique - IEMN [PHYSIQUE - IEMN], and Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser [FORTH-IESL]

Subjects
General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Optomechanics, optomechanics, Nanocomposites, polymer nanocomposites, Brillouin light scattering, plasmonic enhancement, elastic vibrations, nanorods, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Plasmonics, General Materials Science, Nanorods
Abstract

Experimental and computational study of optomechanical interactions in plasmonic nanorod - polymer nanocomposites. Plasmonic coupling between adjacent metallic nanoparticles can be exploited for acousto-plasmonics, single-molecule sensing, and photochemistry. Light absorption or electron probes can be used to study plasmons and their interactions, but their use is challenging for disordered systems and colloids dispersed in insulating matrices. Here, we investigate the effect of plasmonic coupling on optomechanics with Brillouin light spectroscopy (BLS) in a prototypical metal–polymer nanocomposite, gold nanorods (Au NRs) in polyvinyl alcohol. The intensity of the light inelastically scattered on thermal phonons captured by BLS is strongly affected by the wavelength of the probing light. When light is resonant with the transverse plasmons, BLS reveals mostly the normal vibrational modes of single NRs. For lower energy off-resonant light, BLS is dominated by coupled bending modes of NR dimers. The experimental results, supported by optomechanical calculations, document plasmonically enhanced BLS and reveal energy-dependent confinement of coupled plasmons close to the tips of NR dimers, generating BLS hot-spots. Our work establishes BLS as an optomechanical probe of plasmons and promotes nanorod–soft matter nanocomposites for acousto-plasmonic applications. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action Grant Agreement 101003436 – PLASMMONS. G.F. acknowledges the support by ERC AdG SmartPhon (Grant 694977). T.V. acknowledges the financial support from the Polish National Science Centre (No. UMO-2021/43/D/ST3/02526). B.G. acknowledges the financial support from the Polish National Science Centre (No. UMO-2018/31/D/ST3/03882). B.D.R. and A.N. acknowledge the computer facilities provided by the group ephoni at Institut d’Electronique, Microélectronique and Nanotechnologie, University of Lille. S.Y. acknowledges the support by the National Science Foundation (NSF), DMR/Polymer program, No. DMR-210484.

Published
2022
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9. Gelation and Re-entrance in Mixtures of Soft Colloids and Linear Polymers of Equal Size

Author

Daniele Parisi, Domenico Truzzolillo, Ali H. Slim, Phillippe Dieudonné-George, Suresh Narayanan, Jacinta C. Conrad, Vishnu D. Deepak, Mario Gauthier, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Product Technology, University of Groningen [Groningen], Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of Houston, Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], and European Project: H2020-MCSA-ITN-2014,Colldense

Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Polymers and Plastics, Organic Chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), FOS: Physical sciences, Colloids, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Polymer, Rheology, Gels, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]
Abstract

Liquid mixtures composed of colloidal particles and much smaller non-adsorbing linear homopolymers can undergo a gelation transition due to polymer-mediated depletion forces. We now show that the addition of linear polymers to suspensions of soft colloids having the same hydrodynamic size yields a liquid-to-gel-to-re-entrant liquid transition. In particular, the dynamic state diagram of 1,4-polybutadiene star-linear polymer mixtures was determined with the help of linear viscoelastic and small angle X-ray scattering experiments. While keeping the star polymers below their nominal overlap concentration, a gel was formed upon increasing the linear polymer content. Further addition of linear chains yielded a re-entrant liquid. This unexpected behavior was rationalized by the interplay of three possible phenomena: (i) depletion interactions, driven by the size disparity between the stars and the polymer length scale which is the mesh size of this entanglement network; (ii) colloidal deswelling due to the increased osmotic pressure exerted onto the stars; and (iii) a concomitant progressive suppression of depletion efficiency on increasing polymer concentration due to reduced mesh size, hence a smaller range of attraction. Our results unveil an exciting new way to tailor the flow of soft colloids and highlight a largely unexplored path to engineer soft colloidal mixtures., Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures

Published
2023
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10. Chitosan-Modified Polyethyleneimine Nanoparticles for Enhancing the Carboxylation Reaction and Plants’ CO2 Uptake

Author

Cyril Routier, Lorenzo Vallan, Yohann Daguerre, Marta Juvany, Emin Istif, Daniele Mantione, Cyril Brochon, Georges Hadziioannou, Åsa Strand, Torgny Näsholm, Eric Cloutet, Eleni Pavlopoulou, Eleni Stavrinidou, Laboratory of Organic Electronics [Norrköping, Sweden] (Department of Science and Technology), Linköping University (LIU), Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Team 4 LCPO : Polymer Materials for Electronic, Energy, Information and Communication Technologies, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Umea Plant Science Center (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), and European Project: 800926,HyPhOE

Subjects
photosynthesis, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Botany, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, General Engineering, nanoparticles CO2 capture polyethyleneimine chitosan photosynthesis, General Physics and Astronomy, Botanik, CO2 capture, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Nano Technology, nanoparticles, General Materials Science, chitosan, polyethyleneimine, Biokemi och molekylärbiologi
Abstract

Increasing plants photosynthetic efficienc y is a major challenge that must be addressed in order to cover the food demands of the growing population in the changing climate. Photosynthes i s is greatly limited at the initial carboxylation reaction, where CO2 is converted to the organic acid 3-PGA, catalyzed by the RuBisCO enzyme. RuBisCO has poor affinity for CO2, but also the CO2 concentration at the RuBisCO site is limited by the diffusion of atmospheric CO2 through the various leaf compartments to the reaction site. Beyond genetic engineer-ing, nanotechnology can offer a materials-based approach for enhancing photosynthesis, and yet, it has mostly been explored for the light-dependent reactions. In this work, we developed polyethyleneimine-based nanoparticl e s for enhancing the carbox-ylation reaction. We demonstrate that the nanoparticles can capture CO2 in the form of bicarbonate and increase the CO2 that reacts with the RuBisCO enzyme, enhancing the 3-PGA production in in vitro assays by 20%. The nanoparticles can be introduced to the plant via leaf infiltration and, because of the functionalization with chitosan oligomers, they do not induce any toxic effect to the plant. In the leaves, the nanoparticles localize in the apoplastic space but also spontaneously reach the chloroplasts where photosynthetic activity takes place. Their CO2 loading-dependent fluorescence verifies that, in vivo, they maintain their abi l i t y to capture CO2 and can be therefore reloaded with atmospheric CO2 while in planta. Our results contribute to the development of a nanomaterials-based CO2-concentrating mechanism in plants t h a t can potentially increase photosynthetic efficiency and overall plants CO2 storage. Funding Agencies|European Union [800926, 101042148]; Swedish Research Council [VR-2017-04910]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Advanced Functional Materials at Linkoping University [2009-00971]; MCIN/AEI [Ayuda RYC2021-031668-I]

Published
2023
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11. Multiscale organization of thermoplastic elastomers with varying content of hard segments

Author

Wilco P. J. Appel, Guilhem P. Baeza, Carel Frederik Constantijn Fitié, Ameur Louhichi, Evelyne Van Ruymbeke, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Ashwinikumar Sharma, Luna Imperiali, Minne Paul Lettinga, Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), University of Crete ( UOC ), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser ( FORTH-IESL ), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas ( FORTH ), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), and UCL - SST/IMCN/BSMA - Bio and soft matter

Subjects
Materials science, Condensation polymer, Polymers and Plastics, [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Scattering, law, Materials Chemistry, H-bonds, Thermoplastic elastomer, Crystallization, Composite material, Thermoplastic elastomers, Small-angle X-ray scattering, Organic Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Amorphous solid, Melting point, Crystallite, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) based on segmented block-copolymers containing poly(tetrahydrofuran) (pTHF) and terephthalate-based diamide groups (T4T) were synthesized via poly-condensation. While pTHF is known to be flexible and amorphous at rest, the more rigid T4T crystallized in different ways depending on both chain composition and sample preparation conditions. Increasing the content of hard-segments (HS) from 5 to 20% in weight leads to a substantial increase of the melting point T-m by more than 60 degrees C. We have systematically investigated the multiscale (1 A - 50 nm) organization of the HSs (of fractions from 5% to 20%) by means of DSC, WAXS and (ultra) small angle X-ray scattering (U)SAXS. By increasing HS content, hence the rigidity of the chain, scattering experiments unambiguously show the formation of bigger and better defined ribbon-like crystallites, as well as the densification of the network they form. We propose a scenario for rationalizing the local T4T-HSs packing and the crystallites anisotropy at the mesoscale (1-10 nm) for HS fraction above 5%. Moreover, following in-situ the crystallization of TPEs with large HS fraction (20%), we highlight the presence of ``persistent aggregates'' present at T > T-m and study the ribbon-like crystallites growth mechanism during cooling from the melt state. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2016
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12. 4H-SiC VJFETs with Self-Aligned Contacts

Author

Zekentes, Konstantinos, Stavrinidis, Antonis, Konstantinidis, George, Kayambaki, Maria, Vamvoukakis, Konstantinos, Vassakis, Emmanouil, Vassilevski, Konstantin, Horsfall, Alton, Wright, Nick, Brosselard, Pierre, Niu, Shiqin, Lazar, Mihai, Planson, Dominique, Tournier, Dominique, Camara, Nicolas, Planson, Dominique, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Microelectronics Research Group, IESL-FORTH, P.O. Box 1385, 71110, Heraklion, Greece, Newcastle University [Newcastle], School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering [Newcastle], Ampère, Département Energie Electrique (EE), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), GREMAN (matériaux, microélectronique, acoustique et nanotechnologies) (GREMAN - UMR 7347), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire (INSA CVL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
static-induction, self-aligned contacts, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, voltage gain, Junction field effect transistors, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; Trenched-implanted-gate 4H–SiC vertical-channel JFET (TI-VJFET) have been fabricated with self-aligned nickel silicide source and gate contacts using a process sequence that greatly reduces process complexity as it includes only four lithography steps. The effect of the channel geometry on the electrical characteristics has been studied by varying its length (0.3 and 1.2μm) and its width (1.5-5μm). The transistors exhibited high current handling capabilities (Direct Current density 330A/cm2). The output current reduces with the increase of the measurements temperature due to the decrease of the electron mobility value. The voltage breakdown exhibits a triode shape, which is typical for a static-induction transistor operation.

Published
2015

13. Ultra-smooth GaN membranes by photo-electrochemical etching for photonic applications

Author

Katerina Tsagaraki, F. G. Kalaitzakis, Maria Kayambaki, Rahul Jayaprakash, Eva Monroy, Nikos T. Pelekanos, Microelectronics Research Group, IESL-FORTH, P.O. Box 1385, 71110, Heraklion, Greece, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Photoluminescence, Band gap, Mechanical Engineering, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Electrolyte, Surface finish, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Membrane, Mechanics of Materials, Etching (microfabrication), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, General Materials Science, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Quantum well
Abstract

International audience; Photo-electrochemical, bandgap selective, lateral etching is used to create 200 nm-thick, ultra-smooth GaN membranes, containing 10 pairs of GaN/AlGaN quantum wells. The use of electrolyte concentrations as low as 0.0004 M, along with appropriate excitation power and bias conditions, are shown to enhance the quality of freestanding membranes immensely, with an AFM roughness of 0.65 nm; the best ever reported value for GaN membranes fabricated using a similar technique. Transmission and photoluminescence experiments on these membranes were made possible at cryogenic temperatures by membrane transferring onto a double-side polished sapphire substrate, revealing pronounced excitonic features; the analysis of which strongly suggest that the absorption coefficients of GaN are at least 30 % higher than the values previously reported in the literature.

Published
2014
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14. Four-dimensional investigation of the 2nd order volume autocorrelation technique

Author

E. P. Benis, J. Kruse, C. Kalpouzos, A. Peralta Conde, Olivier Faucher, D. Charalambidis, Paraskevas Tzallas, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser ( FORTH-IESL ), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas ( FORTH ), University of Crete ( UOC ), European Community's Human Potential Program under contract MTKD-CT-2004-517145 (X-HOMES), the Ultraviolet Laser Facility (ULF) operating at FORTH-IESL (contract no. HPRI-CT-2001-00139), the ELI research infrastructure preparatory phase program and the FASTQUAST ITN Program of the 7th FP, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), and University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Autocorrelator, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], General Physics and Astronomy, 42.65.Ky, 42.65.Re, 32.80.Rm, 01 natural sciences, Displacement (vector), pulse caracterization, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, higher order harmonic generation, 0103 physical sciences, pulses, 010306 general physics, Ultrafast dynamics, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], business.industry, Oscillation, Optical autocorrelation, Autocorrelation technique, reflective interferometric autocorrelator, Autocorrelation, General Engineering, dynamics, VUV, Laser, Harmonic, XUX, HHG, business
Abstract

The 2nd order volume autocorrelation technique, widely utilized in directly measuring ultra-short light pulses durations, is examined in detail via model calculations that include three-dimensional integration over a large ionization volume, temporal delay and spatial displacement of the two beams of the autocorrelator at the focus. The effects of the inherent displacement to the 2nd order autocorrelation technique are demonstrated for short and long pulses, elucidating the appropriate implementation of the technique in tight focusing conditions. Based on the above investigations, a high accuracy 2nd order volume autocorrelation measurement of the duration of the 5th harmonic of a 50 fs long laser pulse, including the measurement of the carrier wavelength oscillation, is presented. Applied Physics B-Lasers and Optics

Published
2009
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15. Realization of time-resolved two-vacuum-ultraviolet-photon ionization

Author

Olivier Faucher, E. P. Benis, J. Kruse, D. Charalambidis, A. Peralta Conde, P. Tzallas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser ( FORTH-IESL ), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas ( FORTH ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Crete ( UOC ), European Community's Human Potential Programme under contract MRTN-CT-2003-505138 (XTRA), MTKD-CT-2004-517145 (X-HOMES), Ultraviolet Laser Facility (ULF) operating at FORTH-IESL (contract no. HPRI-CT-2001-00139), ELI research infrastructure preparatoryphase program (contract GA no. 212105/SP4 capacities), FASQUAST program (contract GA no. 214962)., Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)

Subjects
spectroscopy, attosecond, Photon, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], Physics::Optics, photoionisation, nm, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atmospheric-pressure laser ionization, 010309 optics, Frequency conversion, Ionization, higher order harmonic generation, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, ethylene, molecules, two-photon processes, Physics::Chemical Physics, 010306 general physics, Ultrafast dynamics, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], photodissociation, dynamics, VUV, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, laser-pulses, Vacuum ultraviolet, Extreme ultraviolet, molecule-photon collisions, XUX, 32.80.Rm, 42.65.Re, 42.65.Ky, HHG, Atomic physics, ultrafast internal-conversion, organic compounds, physics, Realization (systems), oxygen
Abstract

International audience; Ultrafast dynamics of excited molecules is studied through time-resolved two-vacuum-ultraviolet (vuv)- photon ionization using a nonlinear volume autocorrelator unit. The two-vuv-photon process is induced by the intense fifth harmonic radiation of a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. In a proof-of-principle experiment, ultrafast dynamics of excited ethylene and oxygen molecules are investigated. Molecular decay times are deduced by comparing the experimental data with the results of a numerical model that accounts for the spatial and temporal characteristics of the harmonic field. The present experiments pave a convenient way for time domain investigations in the vuv-xuv spectral region in all states of matter at few femtosecond to subfemtosecond temporal scales.

Published
2009
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16. Laser-induced field-free alignment of OCS molecule

Author

Loriot , V., Tzallas , P., P. Benis , E., Hertz , E., Lavorel , B., Charalambidis , D., Faucher , O., Lavorel, Bruno, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Department of Physics [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser ( FORTH-IESL ), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas ( FORTH ), Physics Department, and University of Crete ( UOC )

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Physics::Optics, Physics::Atomic Physics
Abstract

International audience; We investigate the dynamical alignment of jet-cooled OCS molecules induced by a short laser pulse. The alignment is measured through the orientational contribution of the optical Kerr effect using a second weak laser pulse as a probe. Maximum alignment is observed at conditions close to saturation of ionization. The results are analysed with a quantum mechanical model solving for the rotational dynamics.

Published
2007

17. A non-human primate model of stroke reproducing endovascular thrombectomy and allowing long-term imaging and neurological read-outs

Author

F. Taborik, Karine Portier, Norbert Nighoghossian, Adrien Oudotte, Michaël Verset, Thomas Troalen, Omer Eker, Denis Vivien, Inés Mérida, Christelle Leon, Christian Tourvieille, Didier Le Bars, Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas, Michel Ovize, Hugues Contamin, Nicolas Costes, Nikolaos Makris, Véronique Agin, Joachim Confais, Tae-Hee Cho, Mohamed Aggour, Sophie Lancelot, Justine Debatisse, Jean-Baptiste Langlois, Océane Wateau, Marjorie Villien, Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant (CERMEP - imagerie du vivant), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cynbiose, CYNBIOSE, Institut Claude Bourgelat (ICLB), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Siemens Healthcare [France], Siemens AG [Munich], Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Radiopharmaceutical and Neurochemical Biomarkers Team (BioRaN), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Cardiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (site ENSCP) (LCMCP (site ENSCP)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), French Ministry of Higher Education and Research (ANRT), ANR-15-CE17-0020,CYCLOPS,CYCLOsporine A : effet neuroprotecteur dans un modèle Primate de Stroke en imagerie(2015), ANR-16-RHUS-0009,MARVELOUS,MARVELOUS(2016), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Executive Function, 0302 clinical medicine, Occlusion, Stroke, Thrombectomy, 0303 health sciences, Behavior, Animal, Endovascular Procedures, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, Blood-Brain Barrier, Motor Skills, Reperfusion Injury, Middle cerebral artery, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Ischemia, Context (language use), ischemia–reperfusion, Asymptomatic, Lesion, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, cardiovascular diseases, Thrombus, Ischemic Stroke, 030304 developmental biology, business.industry, Original Articles, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, Macaca fascicularis, Endovascular non-human primate stroke model, PET-MRI imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography, neurofunctional tests, Neurology (clinical), Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Stroke is a devastating disease. Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy is dramatically changing the management of acute ischemic stroke, raising new challenges regarding brain outcome and opening up new avenues for brain protection. In this context, relevant experiment models are required for testing new therapies and addressing important questions about infarct progression despite successful recanalization, reversibility of ischemic lesions, blood-brain barrier disruption and reperfusion damage. Here, we developed a minimally invasive non-human primate model of cerebral ischemia (Macaca fascicularis) based on an endovascular transient occlusion and recanalization of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). We evaluated per-occlusion and post-recanalization impairment on PET-MRI, in addition to acute and chronic neuro-functional assessment. Voxel-based analyses between per-occlusion PET-MRI and day-7 MRI showed two different patterns of lesion evolution: "symptomatic salvaged tissue" (SST) and "asymptomatic infarcted tissue" (AIT). Extended SST was present in all cases. AIT, remote from the area at risk, represented 45% of the final lesion. This model also expresses both worsening of fine motor skills and dysexecutive behavior over the chronic post-stroke period, a result in agreement with cortical-subcortical lesions. We thus fully characterized an original translational model of ischemia-reperfusion damage after stroke, with consistent ischemia time, and thrombus retrieval for effective recanalization.

Published
2020
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18. Probing Nanoparticle/Membrane Interactions by Combining Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymer Assembly and Plasmonics

Author

Tristan Bereau, Markus Deserno, Hans-Juergen Butt, George Fytas, Katharina Landfester, Gaëtan Lévêque, Amelie H. R. Koch, Svenja Morsbach, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Physique-IEMN (PHYSIQUE-IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Machine Learning Department [Carnegie Mellon Univ.], Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), ERC AdG SmartPhon [694977], NSFNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE 1764257], Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), and Computational Science Lab (IVI, FNWI)

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers, Nanoparticle, Metal Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, Citric Acid, Polyethylene Glycols, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Dynamic light scattering, 0103 physical sciences, Oxazines, Materials Chemistry, Surface charge, Dimethylpolysiloxanes, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Surface plasmon resonance, 010304 chemical physics, Vesicle, Adhesion, Surface Plasmon Resonance, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Membrane, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Polymersome, Liposomes, Gold
Abstract

International audience; Understanding the interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and boundaries of cells is crucial both for their toxicity and therapeutic applications. Besides specific receptor-mediated endocytosis of surface-functionalized NPs, passive internalization is prompted by relatively unspecific parameters, such as particle size and charge. Based on theoretical treatments, adhesion to and bending of the cell membrane can induce NP wrapping. Experimentally, powerful tools are needed to selectively probe possible membrane-NP motifs at very dilute conditions and avoid dye labeling. In this work, we employ surface resonance-enhanced dynamic light scattering, surface plasmon resonance, electron microscopy, and simulations for sensing interactions between plasmonic AuNPs and polymersomes. We distinguish three different interaction scenarios at nanomolar concentrations by tuning the surface charge of AuNPs and rationalize these events by balancing vesicle bending and electrostatic/van der Waals AuNP and vesicle adhesion. The clarification of the physical conditions under which nanoparticles passively translocate across membranes can aid in the rational design of drugs that cannot exploit specific modes of cellular uptake and also elucidates physical properties that render nanoparticles in the environment particularly toxic.

Published
2020
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19. Force–displacement relationship in micro-metric pantographs: Experiments and numerical simulations

Author

Francesco dell’Isola, Costas P. Grigoropoulos, Maria Farsari, Vasileia Melissinaki, Emilio Turco, Anil Misra, Zacharias Vangelatos, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica [Rome], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Dipartimento di Architettura, Design e Urbanistica, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Department of Civil, Environmental & Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), and Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)

Subjects
Marketing, Micro-and mini-pantographic lattices, Scale (ratio), Computer science, Strategy and Management, Lagrangian models, Micro- and mini-pantographic lattices, Nonlinear analysis, Mechanical engineering, [PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics], 02 engineering and technology, Type (model theory), Microstructure, Range (mathematics), 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, Metric (mathematics), Media Technology, Pantograph, General Materials Science, Force displacement
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, we reveal that the mathematical discrete model of Hencky type, introduced in [1], is appropriate for describing the mechanical behavior of micro-metric pantographic elementary modules. This behavior does not differ remarkably from what has been observed for milli-metric modules, as we prove with suitably designed experiments. Therefore, we conclude that the concept of pantographic microstructure seems feasible for micro-metrically architected microstructured (meta)materials as well. These results are particularly indicative of the possibility of fabricating materials that can have an underlying pantographic microstructure at micrometric scale, so that its unique behavior can be exploited in a larger range of technological applications.

Published
2019
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20. Femtosecond Broadband Frequency Switch of Terahertz Three-Dimensional Meta-Atoms

Author

Kenneth Maussang, Stelios Tzortzakis, P. Goulain, Joshua R. Freeman, Edmund H. Linfield, Raffaele Colombelli, Bruno Paulillo, Jean-Michel Manceau, Anastasios D. Koulouklidis, Lianhe Li, Sukhdeep Dhillon, Christina Daskalaki, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences (ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Nano-THz, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds (University of Leeds), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)

Subjects
Materials science, Field (physics), Terahertz radiation, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Gallium arsenide, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, Broadband, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), business.industry, Resonance, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry, Femtosecond, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Ultrashort pulse, Biotechnology
Abstract

We present the experimental demonstration of a subpicosecond all-optical THz switch based on three-dimensional (3D) terahertz meta-atoms. Combining a special design of 3D meta-devices and the ultrafast dynamics of low temperature grown gallium arsenide, we can modulate the reflectance of the THz microcavities within 2.2 ps. The device enables a 280 GHz switch in resonance frequency within less than 200 fs. The switch back to the original resonance takes 800 fs. Experimental results show that the speed values are strongly convoluted by the THz probing field and, thus, the real switching times are even shorter, in the few 100 fs range.

Published
2021
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22. Control of Light Transmission in a Plasmonic Liquid Metacrystal

Author

Alain Celzard, Vanessa Fierro, George Kenanakis, Alexander A. Zharov, Zacharias Viskadourakis, Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), and Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)

Subjects
Light transmission, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, liquid metacrystals, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, Article, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 010309 optics, lcsh:Chemistry, liquid metamaterials, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Anisotropy, Plasmon, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Polarization (waves), Transmission (telecommunications), lcsh:QD1-999, Slab, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, plasmonic metamaterials
Abstract

In this study, we experimentally demonstrated the control of light transmission through a slab of plasmonic liquid metacrystal by an external electric field. By applying the external static field, we were able to induce macroscopic anisotropy, which caused the polarization-dependent suppression of transmission at resonant frequencies. Such behavior indicates the selective plasmon excitation governed by the orientation of the meta-atoms with respect to the polarization of the electromagnetic wave. The problem of light transmission through a plasmonic liquid metacrystal was analyzed theoretically from first principles, and the obtained results were compared with the experimental data.

Published
2021
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23. Quantum technologies in space

Author

Rainer Kaltenbaek, Laszlo Bacsardi, Eleni Diamanti, Mathias van den Bossche, Antonio Acín, Paolo Bianco, Ernst M. Rasel, Valerio Pruneri, Philippe Bouyer, Paolo Villoresi, Angelo Bassi, Hugo Zbinden, Bernhard Sang, Wolf von Klitzing, Christoph Marquardt, Hendrik Ulbricht, Rupert Ursin, Yasser Omar, Stephan Seidel, Mauro Paternostro, University of Ljubljana, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information [Innsbruck] (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques [Castelldefels] (ICFO), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), Airbus Defence and Space, Airbus Group, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Information Quantique [LIP6] (QI), LIP6, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Instituto de Telecomunicações [Lisboa, Portugal], Institut für Quantenoptik [Hannover] (IQ), Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), OHB Systems AG, University of Southampton, Universitad de Padua, Thales Alenia Space, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Trieste, Kaltenbaek, Rainer, Acin, Antonio, Bacsardi, Laszlo, Bianco, Paolo, Bouyer, Philippe, Diamanti, Eleni, Marquardt, Christoph, Omar, Yasser, Pruneri, Valerio, Rasel, Ernst, Sang, Bernhard, Seidel, Stephan, Ulbricht, Hendrik, Ursin, Rupert, Villoresi, Paolo, van den Bossche, Mathia, von Klitzing, Wolf, Zbinden, Hugo, Paternostro, Mauro, and Bassi, Angelo

Subjects
Digital era, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Space (commercial competition), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Commercialization, Physics - Atomic Physics, Quantum technology, Competition (economics), Entanglement, symbols.namesake, State (polity), Secure communication, Physics - Space Physics, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Fundamental tests, Galileo (satellite navigation), Quantum communication, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Fundamental test, Quantum Physics, business.industry, Quantum sensing, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Physics - Applied Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, ddc:520, Space Communication, Original Article, Telecommunications, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract

Recently, the European Commission supported by many European countries has announced large investments towards the commercialization of quantum technology (QT) to address and mitigate some of the biggest challenges facing today's digital era - e.g. secure communication and computing power. For more than two decades the QT community has been working on the development of QTs, which promise landmark breakthroughs leading to commercialization in various areas. The ambitious goals of the QT community and expectations of EU authorities cannot be met solely by individual initiatives of single countries, and therefore, require a combined European effort of large and unprecedented dimensions comparable only to the Galileo or Copernicus programs. Strong international competition calls for a coordinated European effort towards the development of QT in and for space, including research and development of technology in the areas of communication and sensing. Here, we aim at summarizing the state of the art in the development of quantum technologies which have an impact in the field of space applications. Our goal is to outline a complete framework for the design, development, implementation, and exploitation of quantum technology in space., 13 pages, 1 figure

Published
2021
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24. Biohybrid plants with electronic roots via in vivo polymerization of conjugated oligomers

Author

Georges Hadziioannou, Daniela Parker, Eleni Stavrinidou, Magnus Berggren, Eleni Pavlopoulou, Eduardo Solano, Yohann Daguerre, Torgny Näsholm, Gwennaël Dufil, Daniele Mantione, Eric Cloutet, Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University (LIU), Umeå University, Team 4 LCPO : Polymer Materials for Electronic, Energy, Information and Communication Technologies, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), ALBA Synchrotron light source [Barcelone], Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), and Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)

Subjects
electronic plant, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Energy storage, Cutting, Teoretisk kemi, General Materials Science, Electronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Theoretical Chemistry, conducting polymers, Vascular tissue, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Conductive polymer, energy storage, Process Chemistry and Technology, Polymer, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Bio Materials, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology, chemistry, Polymerization, Mechanics of Materials, Surface modification, mixed ionic-electronic conductors, 0210 nano-technology, biohybrid
Abstract

Plant processes, ranging from photosynthesis through production of biomaterials to environmental sensing and adaptation, can be used in technology via integration of functional materials and devices. Previously, plants with integrated organic electronic devices and circuits distributed in their vascular tissue and organs have been demonstrated. To circumvent biological barriers, and thereby access the internal tissue, plant cuttings were used, which resulted in biohybrids with limited lifetime and use. Here, we report intact plants with electronic functionality that continue to grow and develop enabling plant-biohybrid systems that fully maintain their biological processes. The biocatalytic machinery of the plant cell wall was leveraged to seamlessly integrate conductors with mixed ionic-electronic conductivity along the root system of the plants. Cell wall peroxidases catalyzed ETE-S polymerization while the plant tissue served as the template, organizing the polymer in a favorable manner. The conductivity of the resulting p(ETE-S) roots reached the order of 10 S cm(-1) and remained stable over the course of 4 weeks while the roots continued to grow. The p(ETE-S) roots were used to build supercapacitors that outperform previous plant-biohybrid charge storage demonstrations. Plants were not affected by the electronic functionalization but adapted to this new hybrid state by developing a more complex root system. Biohybrid plants with electronic roots pave the way for autonomous systems with potential applications in energy, sensing and robotics. Funding Agencies|European UnionEuropean Commission [800926, 838171]; Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [VR-2017-04910]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg FoundationKnut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Wallenberg Wood Science Center [KAW 2018.0452]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Advanced Functional Materials at Linkoping University [2009-00971]; European Research Council (ERC)European Research Council (ERC)European Commission [834677]

Published
2021
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25. Effect of metal doped and co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts oriented to degrade indoor/outdoor pollutants for air quality improvement. A kinetic and product study using acetaldehyde as probe molecule

Author

Vassilios Binas, Manolis N. Romanias, Apostolos Zachopoulos, Emmanouil S. Karafas, Panos Papagiannakopoulos, Vassileios G. Stefanopoulos, George Kiriakidis, Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Centre for Energy and Environment (CERI EE), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), and Center for Quantum Complexity & Nanotechnology (CCQCN), Department of Physics, University of Crete

Subjects
Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Kinetics, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, medicine.disease_cause, Photochemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Decomposition, 0104 chemical sciences, Transition metal, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Photocatalysis, medicine, Irradiation, 0210 nano-technology, Photodegradation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ultraviolet, Visible spectrum
Abstract

This study demonstrates the photocatalytic decomposition of an indoor air pollutant, acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), over 0.04 mol% metal-doped TiO2 (Mn-, Co- and Mn/Co-) nanoparticles activated by ultraviolet and visible irradiation. The photocatalytic activity, the photodegradation kinetics, and the final product analysis were examined using a Static Photochemical Reactor coupled with a FTIR spectrophotometer. CH3CHO undergoes efficient decomposition over all photocatalysts under UV irradiation in the presence of one atmosphere N2 or synthetic air (SA). Metal doping causes substantial influence to photocatalysis by altering the amount of electron/hole pairs generated and/or the electron/hole recombination rates. Simulating the experimental results with pseudo-first order kinetics the corresponding degradation rate coefficients were determined for each photocatalyst under UV irradiation and SA environment: kdUV(Mn-TiO2) = (1.9 ± 0.2)×10−1 h−1, kdUV(Co-TiO2) = (2.8 ± 0.3)×10−1 h−1, and kdUV(Mn/Co-TiO2) = (6.0 ± 0.7)×10−1 h−1. These degradation kinetics under UV light irradiation are significantly faster than undoped TiO2 revealing that the transition metal doping of TiO2 nanomaterials boosts the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Substantial decomposition of CH3CHO was achieved over Mn-TiO2 under visible light in oxygen presence kdVis(SA) = (0.44 ± 0.04)×10−1 h−1 while for other samples no visible light photocatalysis was observed. CO2, CO, and H2O were the main oxidation products, with CO2 yields almost 100% under UV excitation, and CO yields up to 20% under UV and

Published
2019
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26. Cross-Section Doping Topography of 4H-SiC VJFETs by Various Techniques

Author

Konstantinos Vamvoukakis, Marianthi Panagopoulou, Maher Nafouti, George Konstantinidis, Antonis Stavrinidis, Daniel Alquier, Konstantinos Zekentes, Maria Kayambaki, Nikolaos Makris, Katerina Tsagaraki, Hervé Peyre, Institute for Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), GREMAN (matériaux, microélectronique, acoustique et nanotechnologies) (GREMAN - UMR 7347), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Centre Val de Loire (INSA CVL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, TSI-VJFET, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, Cross section (physics), chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, Silicon carbide, General Materials Science, SSRM, 010302 applied physics, Silicon Carbide, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, SCM, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, SEM, Optoelectronics, Field-effect transistor, 0210 nano-technology, business, SIMS
Abstract

International audience; Different methods for cross-section doping topography of SiC Trenched-singly-implanted vertical junction field effect transistors (TSI-VJFETs) are presented with the purpose to determine the doping distribution in the epitaxial structure and the implanted areas.

Published
2018
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27. Harnessing polymer grafting to control the shape of plasmonic nanoparticles

Author

Gaëtan Lévêque, George Fytas, Ying Zhou, Manos Gkikas, Tanmoy Maji, Liting Yan, Shanxi University, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Physique-IEMN (PHYSIQUE-IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), and ERC AdG SmartPhon No. 694977, European Research Council

Subjects
010302 applied physics, chemistry.chemical_classification, Plasmonic nanoparticles, Materials science, Polymer nanocomposite, General Physics and Astronomy, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, Polymer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], chemistry, Chemical engineering, Dynamic light scattering, 0103 physical sciences, Particle, Surface plasmon resonance, 0210 nano-technology, Plasmon
Abstract

International audience; Matrix-free polymer grafted nanoparticles (NPs) are single component polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) for which the often reported severe aggregation of the conventional PNCs can be suppressed. For a given particle core, the size and shape of the polymer grafted nanoparticles can be controlled by the molecular weight of the polymer and its grafting density. However, the degree of homogeneity of one-component PNCs depends on the grafted chain molecular weight and grafting density, as well as on the shape of grafted NPs. Surface plasmon resonance enhanced dynamic light scattering from very dilute solutions, yielding both translational and rotational transport coefficients, complemented by UV-Vis extinction spectra, can detect deviations from spheres. Here, we report that poly(isobutylene)-grafted Ag NPs strongly deviate from the spherical shape and are modeled as prolate spheroids. This NP asphericity, due to inhomogeneous grafting, can impact the structure and properties of plasmonic PNCs in the solid state. Thus, characterizing this behavior is a crucial step prior to the formation of one-component PNCs.

Published
2020
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28. The Role of Crystalline Orientation in the Formation of Surface Patterns on Solids Irradiated with Femtosecond Laser Double Pulses

Author

George D. Tsibidis, Andrei Kanaev, Luc Museur, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux (LSPM), and Institut Galilée-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord

Subjects
Materials science, multiscale modelling of laser-matter interaction, surface patterning, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Fluence, lcsh:Technology, law.invention, lcsh:Chemistry, crystal orientation, law, Phase (matter), 0103 physical sciences, heat transfer, double pulse irradiation of solids, surface plasmon excitation, General Materials Science, Irradiation, carrier dynamics, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Instrumentation, lcsh:QH301-705.5, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010302 applied physics, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], lcsh:T, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Engineering, ultrashort laser pulses, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Fluid transport, lcsh:QC1-999, Computer Science Applications, phase transitions, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, lcsh:TA1-2040, Femtosecond, Surface modification, 0210 nano-technology, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Ultrashort pulse, lcsh:Physics
Abstract

A theoretical investigation of the underlying ultrafast processes upon irradiation of rutile TiO2 of (001) and (100) surface orientation with femtosecond (fs) double pulsed lasers was performed in ablation conditions, for which, apart from mass removal, phase transformation and surface modification of the heated solid were induced. A parametric study was followed to correlate the transient carrier density and the produced lattice temperature with the laser fluence, pulse separation and the induced damage. The simulations showed that both temporal separation and crystal orientation influence the surface pattern, while both the carrier density and temperature drop gradually to a minimum value at temporal separation equal to twice the pulse separation that remain constant at long delays. Carrier dynamics, interference of the laser beam with the excited surface waves, thermal response and fluid transport at various pulse delays explained the formation of either subwavelength or suprawavelength structures. The significant role of the crystalline anisotropy is illustrated through the presentation of representative experimental results correlated with the theoretical predictions.

Published
2020
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29. Nonmonotonic Stress Relaxation after Cessation of Steady Shear Flow in Supramolecular Assemblies

Author

Naveen Krishna Reddy, Jan Hendricks, Laurent Bouteiller, Ameur Louhichi, Rémi Fournier, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Vishal Metri, Willem J. Briels, Michel Cloitre, Christian Clasen, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Institute for Nanotechnology (MESA+), University of Twente [Netherlands], Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Matière Molle et Chimie (MMC), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), and Computational Chemical Physics

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Materials science, Polymer gels, Non-Newtonian fluids, Supramolecular chemistry, Elastic energy, General Physics and Astronomy, Monotonic function, Mechanics, Self-assembly, 01 natural sciences, Exponential function, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Shear (geology), Rheology techniques, 0103 physical sciences, Stress relaxation, Stimuli-responsive materials, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Redistribution (chemistry), ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Shear flow, Shear deformation
Abstract

Stress relaxation upon cessation of shear flow is known to be described by single-mode or multimode monotonic exponential decays. This is considered to be ubiquitous in nature. However, we found that, in some cases, the relaxation becomes anomalous in that an increase in the relaxing stress is observed. Those observations were made for physicochemically very different systems, having in common, however, the presence of self-associating units generating structures at large length scales. The nonmonotonic stress relaxation can be described phenomenologically by a generic model based on a redistribution of energy after the flow has stopped. When broken bonds are reestablished after flow cessation, the released energy is partly used to locally increase the elastic energy by the formation of deformed domains. If shear has induced order such that these elastic domains are partly aligned, the reestablishing of bonds gives rise to an increase of the overall stress. ispartof: Physical Review Letters vol:123 issue:21 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2019
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30. Exploring the Foundations of the Universe with Space Tests of the Equivalence Principle

Author

Gilles Métris, Serge Reynaud, Luc Blanchet, Philippe Jetzer, Manuel Rodrigues, Baptiste Battelier, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Pierre Fayet, Miquel Nofrarías, Steve Lecomte, Peter Wolf, Andrea Bertoldi, Christine Guerlin, Christian Schubert, Claus Braxmaier, T. J. Sumner, Wolfgang P. Schleich, Sina Loriani, Claus Lämmerzahl, Kai Bongs, Martin Zelan, Ernst M. Rasel, Aurélien Hees, Philip Tuckey, Philippe Bouyer, Christophe Le Poncin-Lafitte, Wolf von Klitzing, Lisa Wörner, Guglielmo M. Tino, Markus Rothacher, Naceur Gaaloul, Stephan Schiller, Christophe Salomon, Fiodor Sorrentino, Joel Bergé, Albert Roura, Davide Calonico, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS (LPTENS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, DPHY, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, School of Physics and Astronomy [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM), Universität Bremen, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRiM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Quantum Engineering and Space-time Research (QUEST), Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Physik-Institut [Zürich], Universität Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Centre Suisse d'Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM), Institute of Space Sciences [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute for Space Studies of Catalonia [Barcelona] (IEEC-CSIC), Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry [Zürich] (IGP), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institut fur Experimentalphysik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova (INFN, Sezione di Genova), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Imperial College London, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze (INFN, Sezione di Firenze), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de l'ENS [École Normale Supérieure] (LPTENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)

Subjects
Computer science, Quantum technologies, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Space (commercial competition), Electrostatic accelerometers, 01 natural sciences, Gravitation, White paper, Physics - Space Physics, Physical universe, Equivalence principle, 0103 physical sciences, Calculus, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Space Tests, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Universality (philosophy), Astronomy and Astrophysics, 16. Peace & justice, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Quantum technology, Atom Interferometry, Space and Planetary Science, Satellite, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], ddc:520, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Battelier, B., et al., We present the scientific motivation for future space tests of the equivalence principle, and in particular the universality of free fall, at the 10 level or better. Two possible mission scenarios, one based on quantum technologies, the other on electrostatic accelerometers, that could reach that goal are briefly discussed. This publication is a White Paper written in the context of the Voyage 2050 ESA Call for White Papers., Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

Published
2019
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31. Flow dynamics of concentrated starlike micelles: A superposition rheometry investigation into relaxation mechanisms

Author

Alan R. Jacob, Andreas S. Poulos, Alexander N. Semenov, George Petekidis, Jan Vermant, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Charles Sadron (ICS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering K.U. Leuven, and IESL-FORTH and Department of Materials Science, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

Subjects
Materials science, 010304 chemical physics, Condensed matter physics, Rheometry, Mechanical Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Viscoelasticity, Volumetric flow rate, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Shear rate, Superposition principle, Amplitude, Shear (geology), Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The steady state flow of a concentrated dispersion of starlike micelles above the colloidal glass transition concentration is interrogated by superimposing a small amplitude straining motion orthogonal to the main flow direction. Strain amplitude sweeps reveal that the linear response region of the orthogonal perturbation increases with increasing flow rate, consistent with a fluidization of the materials. Orthogonal dynamic frequency sweeps (ODFSs) are obtained for a wide range of shear rates probing the full flow curve. The shear-induced fluidization of the initially glassy suspension is more clearly evidenced by the appearance of a crossover frequency ω c in ODFS, which steadily increases, reflecting a faster structural relaxation under shear. The dependence of ω c on the shear rate is sublinear and follows a power law with an exponent of 0.8. We show that the shape of the orthogonal viscoelastic spectrum changes at a critical shear rate γ ˙ cr, indicative of a structural relaxation modulus that changes from exponential at lower shear rates to multistep with alternating exponential and power law response at higher shear rates. We finally provide a theoretical framework which explains the observed sublinear power law dependence of the crossover frequency and relates it with the shear rate dependence of the viscosity measured by the flow curve.The steady state flow of a concentrated dispersion of starlike micelles above the colloidal glass transition concentration is interrogated by superimposing a small amplitude straining motion orthogonal to the main flow direction. Strain amplitude sweeps reveal that the linear response region of the orthogonal perturbation increases with increasing flow rate, consistent with a fluidization of the materials. Orthogonal dynamic frequency sweeps (ODFSs) are obtained for a wide range of shear rates probing the full flow curve. The shear-induced fluidization of the initially glassy suspension is more clearly evidenced by the appearance of a crossover frequency ω c in ODFS, which steadily increases, reflecting a faster structural relaxation under shear. The dependence of ω c on the shear rate is sublinear and follows a power law with an exponent of 0.8. We show that the shape of the orthogonal viscoelastic spectrum changes at a critical shear rate γ ˙ cr, indicative of a structural relaxation modul...

Published
2019
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32. Multimodal imaging technology by integrated scanning electron, force, and microwave microscopy and its application to study microscaled capacitors

Author

Didier Theron, Olaf C. Haenssler, Sergej Fatikow, Department für Informatik [Oldenburg], Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg = Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (OFFIS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Nano and Microsystems - IEMN (NAM6 - IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work was supported by the bilateral programme of Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) and the DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation,DFG) (Project GZ: FA347/48-1) and under the ANRprogram Equipex (ExCELSiOR). The authors thank IESL-FORTH, Heraklion, Greece, for manufacturing the calibration sample., ANR-11-EQPX-0015,Excelsior,Centre expérimental pour l'étude des propriétés des nanodispositifs dans un large spectre du DC au moyen Infra-rouge.(2011), and Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg

Subjects
Materials science, Microscope, Scanning electron microscope, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Optical imaging, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, Electromagnetism, law, 0103 physical sciences, Microscopy, Materials Chemistry, Computer software, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Instrumentation, Microscale chemistry, Optical interferometers, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Process Chemistry and Technology, Resolution (electron density), Microwave frequencies, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nanorobotics, Chemical elements, Microwave spectroscopy, 0210 nano-technology, business, Focus (optics), Microwave
Abstract

Extracting simultaneously multimodal nanoscale specimen information, by an integrated microscopy technology, is in the focus of this report. The combination of multiple imaging techniques allows for obtaining complementary and often unique datasets of samples under test. An instrumental setup operating under high-vacuum conditions inside the chamber of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), as a platform fusing various microscopy methods, techniques and processes, illustrates the potential of such multimodal technology. An atomic force microscope based on a compact optical interferometer performs imaging of surface topographies and a scanning microwave microscope records electromagnetic properties in the microwave frequency domain at the same time and spot. An open-source software framework, tailored for vision-based automation by nanorobotics, controls the instrument. The setup allows for simultaneously observing the region-of-interest with SEM resolution, while imaging and characterizing with evanescent microwaves and atomic forces. To validate the approach an analysis of microscale capacitors is included.Extracting simultaneously multimodal nanoscale specimen information, by an integrated microscopy technology, is in the focus of this report. The combination of multiple imaging techniques allows for obtaining complementary and often unique datasets of samples under test. An instrumental setup operating under high-vacuum conditions inside the chamber of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), as a platform fusing various microscopy methods, techniques and processes, illustrates the potential of such multimodal technology. An atomic force microscope based on a compact optical interferometer performs imaging of surface topographies and a scanning microwave microscope records electromagnetic properties in the microwave frequency domain at the same time and spot. An open-source software framework, tailored for vision-based automation by nanorobotics, controls the instrument. The setup allows for simultaneously observing the region-of-interest with SEM resolution, while imaging and characterizing with evanescent ...

Published
2018
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33. Iron Oxide Colloidal Nanoclusters as Theranostic Vehicles and Their Interactions at the Cellular Level

Author

Sylvie Begin-Colin, Amalia Anthousi, Anthi Ranella, Alexandros Lappas, Konstantinos Brintakis, Athanasia Kostopoulou, Claire Billotey, Liberato Manna, Eirini Fragogeorgi, George Loudos, Irene Athanassakis, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Ciblage thérapeutique en Oncologie (EA3738), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Bioemission Technology Solutions, BIOEMTECH, and Technological Educational Institute of Athens

Subjects
Biodistribution, General Chemical Engineering, Iron oxide, Maghemite, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, Nanoclusters, lcsh:Chemistry, nanoparticle biodistribution, chemistry.chemical_compound, In vivo, magnetic nanoclusters, MRI contrast agents, General Materials Science, Cytotoxicity, scintigraphic imaging, Chemistry, cell interactions, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, immune system, Nanocrystal, lcsh:QD1-999, multicore particle assembly, engineering, Biophysics, 0210 nano-technology, Superparamagnetism
Abstract

Advances in surfactant-assisted chemical approaches have led the way for the exploitation of nanoscale inorganic particles in medical diagnosis and treatment. In this field, magnetically-driven multimodal nanotools that perform both detection and therapy, well-designed in size, shape and composition, are highly advantageous. Such a theranostic material—which entails the controlled assembly of smaller (maghemite) nanocrystals in a secondary motif that is highly dispersible in aqueous media—is discussed here. These surface functionalized, pomegranate-like ferrimagnetic nanoclusters (40–85 nm) are made of nanocrystal subunits that show a remarkable magnetic resonance imaging contrast efficiency, which is better than that of the superparamagnetic contrast agent Endorem©. Going beyond this attribute and with their demonstrated low cytotoxicity in hand, we examine the critical interaction of such nanoprobes with cells at different physiological environments. The time-dependent in vivo scintigraphic imaging of mice experimental models, combined with a biodistribution study, revealed the accumulation of nanoclusters in the spleen and liver. Moreover, the in vitro proliferation of spleen cells and cytokine production witnessed a size-selective regulation of immune system cells, inferring that smaller clusters induce mainly inflammatory activities, while larger ones induce anti-inflammatory actions. The preliminary findings corroborate that the modular chemistry of magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters stimulates unexplored pathways that could be driven to alter their function in favor of healthcare.

Published
2018
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34. Physical Networks from Multifunctional Telechelic Star Polymers: A Rheological Study by Experiments and Simulations

Author

Guilhem P. Baeza, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Jiajun Yan, Ameur Louhichi, Vishal Metri, Wim J. Briels, Krzysztof Matyjaszewski, Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] ( MATEIS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] ( CMU ), University of Crete ( UOC ), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas ( FORTH ), Institute for Nanotechnology (MESA+), University of Twente [Netherlands], Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-3), Institute of Complex Systems, and Computational Chemical Physics

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Polymers, [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, UT-Hybrid-D, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Inorganic Chemistry, Engineering, Rheology, Materials Chemistry, Potential of mean force, chemistry.chemical_classification, Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, Organic Chemistry, Dynamics (mechanics), Polymer, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Shear (sheet metal), Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Relaxation modulus, Star polymer, chemistry, ddc:540, Chemical Sciences, Brownian dynamics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The equilibrium mechanical properties of a cross-linked gel of telechelic star polymers are studied by rheology and Brownian dynamics simulations. The Brownian dynamics model consists of cores to which Rouse arms are attached. Forces between the cores are obtained from a potential of mean force model developed by Likos and co-workers. Both experimentally and in the simulations, networks were created by attaching sticker groups to the ends of the arms of the polymers, which were next allowed to form bonds among them in a one to one fashion. Simulations were sped up by solving the Rouse dynamics exactly. Moreover, the Rouse model was extended to allow for different frictions on different beads. In order to describe the rheology of the non-cross-linked polymers, it had to be assumed that bead frictions increase with increasing bead number along the arms. This friction model could be transferred to describe the rheology of the network without any adjustments other than an overall increase of the frictions due to the formation of bonds. The slowing down at intermediate times of the network rheology compared to that of the non-cross-linked polymers is well described by the model. The percentage of stickers involved in forming inter-star bonds in the system was determined to be 25%, both from simulations and from an application of the Green Tobolsky relation to the experimental plateau value of the shear relaxation modulus. Simulations with increasing cross-link percentages revealed that on approaching the gel transition the shear relaxation modulus develops an algebraic tail, which gets frozen at a percentage of maximum cross-linking of about 11%.

Published
2018
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35. Ultra-low threshold polariton lasing at room temperature in a GaN membrane microcavity with a zero-dimensional trap

Author

Katerina Tsagaraki, Moïra Hocevar, Bruno Gayral, G. Christmann, Eva Monroy, F. G. Kalaitzakis, Rahul Jayaprakash, Nikos T. Pelekanos, Microelectronics Research Group, IESL-FORTH, P.O. Box 1385, 71110, Heraklion, Greece, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NEEL - NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), ANR-10-LABX-0051,LANEF,Laboratory of Alliances on Nanosciences - Energy for the Future(2010), and European Project: 237900,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-ITN-2008,ICARUS(2009)

Subjects
Materials science, Science, Exciton, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Article, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Polariton, Emission spectrum, 010306 general physics, Saturation (magnetic), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Quantum well, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Multidisciplinary, Condensed Matter::Other, business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Semiconductor, Medicine, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Lasing threshold
Abstract

Polariton lasers are coherent light sources based on the condensation of exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities, which occurs either in the kinetic or thermodynamic (Bose-Einstein) regime. Besides their fundamental interest, polariton lasers have the potential of extremely low operating thresholds. Here, we demonstrate ultra-low threshold polariton lasing at room temperature, using an all-dielectric, GaN membrane-based microcavity, with a spontaneously-formed zero-dimensional trap. The microcavity is fabricated using an innovative method, which involves photo-electrochemical etching of an InGaN sacrificial layer and allows for the incorporation of optimally-grown GaN active quantum wells inside a cavity with atomically-smooth surfaces. The resulting structure presents near-theoretical Q-factors and pronounced strong-coupling effects, with a record-high Rabi splitting of 64 meV at room-temperature. Polariton lasing is observed at threshold carrier densities 2.5 orders of magnitude lower than the exciton saturation density. Above threshold, angle-resolved emission spectra reveal an ordered pattern in k-space, attributed to polariton condensation at discrete levels of a single confinement site. This confinement mechanism along with the high material and optical quality of the microcavity, accounts for the enhanced performance of our polariton laser, and pave the way for further developments in the area of robust room temperature polaritonic devices.

Published
2017
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36. Generation of Attosecond Light Pulses from Gas and Solid State Media

Author

E. Skantzakis, Giuseppe Sansone, Dimitris Charalambidis, Subhendu Kahaly, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Paraskevas Tzallas, Stefanos Chatziathanasiou, Katalin Varjú, Stefan Haessler, George D. Tsakiris, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), ELI (ELI ALPS), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Greek funding program NSFR, European Union, European Project: GINOP, and European Project: 641789,EUH

Subjects
lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics, Attosecond, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Optics, attosecond pulses, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], 0103 physical sciences, High harmonic generation, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Physics, 01.03. Fizikai tudományok, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, lcsh:TA1501-1820, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, high harmonic generation, Pulse (physics), ultrafast dynamics, Temporal resolution, Extreme ultraviolet, Femtosecond, State of matter, business, Ultrashort pulse
Abstract

International audience; Real-time observation of ultrafast dynamics in the microcosm is a fundamental approach for understanding the internal evolution of physical, chemical and biological systems. Tools for tracing such dynamics are flashes of light with duration comparable to or shorter than the characteristic evolution times of the system under investigation. While femtosecond (fs) pulses are successfully used to investigate vibrational dynamics in molecular systems, real time observation of electron motion in all states of matter requires temporal resolution in the attosecond (1 attosecond (asec) = 10(-18) s) time scale. During the last decades, continuous efforts in ultra-short pulse engineering led to the development of table-top sources which can produce asec pulses. These pulses have been synthesized by using broadband coherent radiation in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectral region generated by the interaction of matter with intense fs pulses. Here, we will review asec pulses generated by the interaction of gas phase media and solid surfaces with intense fs IR laser fields. After a brief overview of the fundamental process underlying the XUV emission form these media, we will review the current technology, specifications and the ongoing developments of such asec sources.

Published
2017
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37. The size, shape, density and ring of the dwarf planet Haumea from a stellar occultation

Author

Valerio Nascimbeni, J. Lecacheux, Toni Santana-Ros, Agustín Sánchez-Lavega, Pablo Santos-Sanz, L. Nerli, D. T. Koseoglu, Frédéric Vachier, V. Peris, Przemyslaw Bartczak, R. Komžík, Eda Sonbas, Cs. Kiss, Gábor Marton, C. Ries, Yavuz Güney, Marcelo Assafin, Martina Maestripieri, Josselin Desmars, T. G. Mueller, Osman Demircan, O. Erece, V. Granata, A. R. Gomes-Júnior, Francesco Marzari, Ulrich Hopp, Cahit Yeşilyaprak, N. Paschalis, A. Campo Bagatin, B. Gaehrken, Paolo Bacci, V. Tsamis, O. Satir, F. Martinelli, F. L. Rommel, Santiago Pérez-Hoyos, F. Ciabattari, R. Iglesias-Marzoa, Stefano Mottola, Ricardo Hueso, Julio Camargo, Herman Mikuz, Françoise Roques, Mohammad Shameoni Niaei, Mauro Bachini, Vassilis Charmandaris, Jose Luis Ortiz, A. Takácsné Farkas, András Pál, A. Carbognani, L. Tzouganatos, Giuseppe Leto, Aleksandar Cikota, G. Benedetti-Rossi, Roberto Vieira-Martins, Nicolás Morales, José M. Madiedo, Bruno Sicardy, Róbert Szakáts, B. E. Morgado, Theodor Pribulla, Estela Fernández-Valenzuela, M. Butkiewicz-Bąk, Afşar Kabaş, Alvaro Alvarez-Candal, Giacomo Succi, Jérôme Berthier, J. Alikakos, Ç. Püsküllü, Kamil Hornoch, W. Beisker, E. Meza, Stefan Cikota, T. Ozisik, E. Varga-Verebélyi, J. M. Christille, J. C. Guirado, Grzegorz Dudziński, L. Mazzei, J. M. Ohlert, Rene Duffard, Raoul Behrend, S. Kalkan, A. Marciniak, N. Karaman, S. Hellmich, Kosmas Gazeas, Victor Ali-Lagoa, Ozan Ünsalan, Felipe Braga-Ribas, François Colas, Petr Pravec, Diane Berard, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Física, Ingeniería de Sistemas y Teoría de la Señal, Astronomía y Astrofísica, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatorio Nacional [Rio de Janeiro], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Observatório Nacional/MCT, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Ondřejov Observatory of the Prague Astronomical Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Centro Astronomico di Libbiano, Associazione Astrofili Alta Valdera, Istituto di Informatica e Telematica (IIT-CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ [Rio de Janeiro], Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Geneva Observatory, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Occultation Timing Association European Section (IOTA ES), International Occultation Timing Association European Section, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), IESL, Osserv Astrofis Catania, Ist Nazl Astrofis, TKK Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Astronomical Observatory [Poznan], Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Astrophysics, Astronomy and Mechanics Panepistimiopolis (DAAMP), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Astronomical Union of Sparta [Sparta], University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Departamento de Fı'sica Aplicada I, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Bilbao, Observatorio Astronomico de Valencia, Universitat de València (UV), Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, European Commission, European Research Council, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Generalitat Valenciana, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), L2EP - Équipe Réseaux, Laboratoire d’Électrotechnique et d’Électronique de Puissance - ULR 2697 (L2EP), Centrale Lille-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Centrale Lille-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), University of Geneva [Switzerland], University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UFRJ), Laboratoire d’Électrotechnique et d’Électronique de Puissance - EA 2697 (L2EP), Ecole Centrale de Lille-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille-Ecole Centrale de Lille-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Haute Etude d'Ingénieurs-Université de Lille, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Athens [Greece] (UOA), and Universitat de València (UV)-Observatorio Astronomico de Valencia

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, European community, Trans Neptunian Object, Dwarf planet, Haumea, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, shape, 01 natural sciences, size, dwarf planet, Neptune, Física Aplicada, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], density, 2003 EL61, Kuiper-belt, photometric-observations, collisional family, object, bodies, albedo, satellites, Uranus, Dwarf planets, Multidisciplinary, European research, Asteroid, Trans-Neptunian, Astronomy, Stellar occultation, Moons of Haumea, stellar occultation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ring, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Ortiz, José Luis et. al., Haumea-one of the four known trans-Neptunian dwarf planets- is a very elongated and rapidly rotating body1-3. In contrast to other dwarf planets4-6, its size, shape, albedo and density are not well constrained. The Centaur Chariklo was the first body other than a giant planet known to have a ring system7, and the Centaur Chiron was later found to possess something similar to Chariklo's rings8,9. Here we report observations from multiple Earth-based observatories of Haumea passing in front of a distant star (a multichord stellar occultation). Secondary events observed around the main body of Haumea are consistent with the presence of a ring with an opacity of 0.5, width of 70 kilometres and radius of about 2,287 kilometres. The ring is coplanar with both Haumea's equator and the orbit of its satellite Hi'iaka. The radius of the ring places it close to the 3:1 mean-motion resonance with Haumea's spin period-that is, Haumea rotates three times on its axis in the time that a ring particle completes one revolution. The occultation by the main body provides an instantaneous elliptical projected shape with axes of about 1,704 kilometres and 1,138 kilometres. Combined with rotational light curves, the occultation constrains the three-dimensional orientation of Haumea and its triaxial shape, which is inconsistent with a homogeneous body in hydrostatic equilibrium. Haumea's largest axis is at least 2,322 kilometres, larger than previously thought, implying an upper limit for its density of 1,885 kilograms per cubic metre and a geometric albedo of 0.51, both smaller than previous estimates1,10,11. In addition, this estimate of the density of Haumea is closer to that of Pluto than are previous estimates, in line with expectations. No global nitrogen- or methane-dominated atmosphere was detected.© 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved., J.L.O. acknowledges funding from Spanish and Andalusian grants MINECO AYA-2014-56637-C2-1-P and J. A. 2012-FQM1776 as well as FEDER funds. Part of the research leading to these results received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under grant agreement no. 687378. B.S. acknowledges support from the French grants 'Beyond Neptune' ANR-08-BLAN-0177 and 'Beyond Neptune II' ANR-11-1S56-0002. Part of the research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's H2020 (2014-2020/ERG grant agreement no. 669416 'Lucky Star'). A.P. and R.S. have been supported by the grant LP2012-31 of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. All of the Hungarian contributors acknowledge the partial support from K-125015 grant of the National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH). G.B.-R., F.B.-R., F.L.R., R.V.-M., J.I.B.C., M.A., A.R.G.-J. and B.E.M. acknowledge support from CAPES, CNPq and FAPERJ. J.C.G. acknowledges funding from AYA2015-63939-C2-2-P and from the Generalitat Valenciana PROMETEOII/2014/057. K.H. and P.P. were supported by the project RVO:67985815. The Astronomical Observatory of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley acknowledges a Shoemaker NEO Grant 2013 from The Planetary Society. We acknowledge funds from a 2016 'Research and Education' grant from Fondazione CRT. We also acknowledge the Slovakian project ITMS no. 26220120029.

Published
2017
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38. Direct growth of thick AlN layers on nanopatterned Si substrates by cantilever epitaxy

Author

Demir, Ilkay, Robin, Yoann, McClintock, Ryan, Elagoz, Sezai, Zekentes, Konstantinos, Razeghi, Manijeh, and [Demir, Ilkay -- Robin, Yoann -- McClintock, Ryan -- Zekentes, Konstantinos -- Razeghi, Manijeh] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Quantum Devices, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA -- [Demir, Ilkay -- Elagoz, Sezai] Cumhuriyet Univ, Dept Nanotechnol Engn, TR-58140 Sivas, Turkey -- [Zekentes, Konstantinos] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, IESL, Iraklion 1527, Greece

Subjects
MOCVD, silicon, light emitting diodes, AlN, cantilever epitaxy, nanopatterning
Abstract

E-MRS Spring Symposium L on E Wide Bandgap Materials for Electron Devices -- MAY, 2016 -- Lille, FRANCE, WOS: 000402158300007, AlN layers have been grown on 200 nm period of nano-patterned Si (111) substrates by cantilever epitaxy and compared with AlN layers grown by maskless lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO) on micropatterned Si (111) substrates. The material quality of 5-10 mu m thick AlN grown by LEO is comparable to that of much thinner layers (2 mu m) grown by cantilever epitaxy on the nanopatterned substrates. Indeed, the latter exhibited root mean square (RMS) roughness of 0.65 nm and X-ray diffraction full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 710 arcsec along the (0002) reflection and 930 arcsec along the (10-15) reflection. The corresponding room temperature photoluminescence spectra was dominated by a sharp band edge peak. Back emission ultra violet light emitting diodes (UV LEDs) were fabricated by flip chip bonding to patterned AlN heat sinks followed by complete Si (111) substrate removal demonstrating a peak pulsed power of similar to 0.7mW at 344 nm peak emission wavelength. The demonstrated UV LEDs were fabricated on a cost effective epitaxial structure grown on the nanopatterned Si substrate with a total thickness of 3.3 mu m. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, E MRS, Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [2214/A]; Fulbright organization, The authors acknowledge Dr. Richard LaMarca and Dr. Tariq Manzur of the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAVAIR) and Dr. Peter Craig (ONR) for their support and encouragement. Ilkay Demir acknowledges the Ph.D. grant support (2214/A) from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). K. Zekentes acknowledges funding from Fulbright organization.

Published
2017

39. Strained GaAs/InGaAs Core-Shell Nanowires for Photovoltaic Applications

Author

S. Germanis, Fabrice Donatini, Maria Androulidaki, Joel Cibert, S. L. Tan, K. Moratis, C. C. Katsidis, Katerina Tsagaraki, Zacharias Hatzopoulos, N. T. Pelekanos, H. Mariette, Yann-Michel Niquet, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Optique et microscopies (POM), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratory of Atomistic Simulation (LSIM ), Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux (MEM), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ANR-10-LABX-0051,LANEF,Laboratory of Alliances on Nanosciences - Energy for the Future(2010), Optique & Microscopies (NEEL - POM), and Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NEEL - NPSC)

Subjects
Photoluminescence, Materials science, Cathodoluminescence, Shell (structure), Nanowire, Nanochemistry, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), Core-shell GaAs/InGaAs nanowires, Nano Express, business.industry, Micro-photoluminescence, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Nanostructure characterization, Micro-Raman, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Molecular beam epitaxy
Abstract

We report on the successful growth of strained core-shell GaAs/InGaAs nanowires on Si (111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The as-grown nanowires have a density in the order of 10(8) cm(-2), length between 3 and 3.5 μm, and diameter between 60 and 160 nm, depending on the shell growth duration. By applying a range of characterization techniques, we conclude that the In incorporation in the nanowires is on average significantly smaller than what is nominally expected based on two-dimensional growth calibrations and exhibits a gradient along the nanowire axis. On the other hand, the observation of sharp dot-like emission features in the micro-photoluminescence spectra of single nanowires in the 900-1000-nm spectral range highlights the co-existence of In-rich enclosures with In content locally exceeding 30 %.

Published
2016
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40. Studying the evolution of galaxies in compact groups over the past 3 Gyr – II. The importance of environment in the suppression of star formation

Author

Vassilis Charmandaris, Pierre Guillard, J. Jesús González, Lauranne Lanz, Theodoros Bitsakis, Andreas Zezas, Tanio Díaz-Santos, P. N. Appleton, Katherine Alatalo, Laure Ciesla, Yair Krongold, Deborah Dultzin, NASA Herschel Science Center, NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), IESL, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL)

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxy merger, 01 natural sciences, Peculiar galaxy, Galaxy group, 0103 physical sciences, Disc, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Lenticular galaxy, Galaxy cluster, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Luminous infrared galaxy, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Elliptical galaxy, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We present an in depth study on the evolution of galaxy properties in compact groups over the past 3 Gyr. We are using the largest multi-wavelength sample to-date, comprised 1770 groups (containing 7417 galaxies), in the redshift range of 0.01, Comment: (Accepted for publication in MNRAS, date of submission November 18, 2015)

Published
2016
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41. 3D plasmonic crystal metamaterials for ultra-sensitive biosensing

Author

Andrei V. Kabashin, Artem Danilov, Maria Manousidaki, Konstantina Terzaki, Maria Farsari, Andrey Aristov, Costas Fotakis, Institute for Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Laboratoire Lasers, Plasmas et Procédés photoniques (LP3), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Optics, Metamaterial, Biosensing Techniques, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Crystal, Delocalized electron, Spectral sensitivity, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Optoelectronics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Biosensor, Refractive index, Plasmon, Localized surface plasmon
Abstract

We explore the excitation of plasmons in 3D plasmon crystal metamaterials and report the observation of a delocalized plasmon mode, which provides extremely high spectral sensitivity (>2600 nm per refractive index unit (RIU) change), outperforming all plasmonic counterparts excited in 2D nanoscale geometries, as well as a prominent phase-sensitive response (>3*104 deg. of phase per RIU). Combined with a large surface for bioimmobilization provided by the 3D matrix, the proposed sensor architecture promises a new important landmark in the advancement of plasmonic biosensing technology.

Published
2016
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42. Ageing and yield behaviour in model soft colloidal glasses

Author

Michel Cloitre, George Petekidis, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Brian M. Erwin, C. Christopoulou, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), IBM Corporation (IBM), IBM, Laboratoire Matière Molle et Chimie (MMC), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Yield (engineering), Materials science, 010304 chemical physics, Viscoplasticity, General Mathematics, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Thermodynamics, 01 natural sciences, Viscoelasticity, Colloid, Nonlinear system, Rheology, Shear (geology), Creep, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

We use multi-arm star polymers as model soft colloids with tuneable interactions and explore their behaviour in the glassy state. In particular, we perform a systematic rheological study with a well-defined protocol and address aspects of ageing and shear melting of star glasses. Ageing proceeds in two distinct steps: a fast step of O (10 3 s) and a slow step of O (10 4 s). We focus on creep and recovery tests, which reveal a rich, albeit complex response. Although the waiting time, the time between pre-shear (rejuvenation) of the glassy sample and measurement, affects the material’s response, it does not play the same role as in other soft glasses. For stresses below the yield value, the creep curve is divided into three regimes with increasing time: viscoplastic, intermediate steady flow (associated with the first ageing step) and long-time evolving elastic solid. This behaviour reflects the interplay between ageing and shear rejuvenation. The yield behaviour, as investigated with the stress-dependent recoverable strain, indicates a highly nonlinear elastic response intermediate between a low-stress Hookean solid and a high-stress viscoelastic liquid, and exemplifies the distinct characteristics of this class of hairy colloids. It appears that a phenomenological classification of different colloidal glasses based on yielding performance may be possible.

Published
2009
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43. Spatially ResolvedSpitzerIRS Spectroscopy of the Central Region of M82

Author

Bernhard R. Brandl, Vassilis Charmandaris, J. D. T. Smith, Lee Armus, Brent Groves, P. N. Appleton, James R. Houck, N. M. Förster Schreiber, P. Beirao, Leiden Observatory, NASA Herschel Science Center, California Institute of Technology (NHSC), Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology (SSC), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestriche Physik (MPE), Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IESL-FORTH), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Department of Astronomy, Cornell University

Subjects
Physics, Stellar population, Star formation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Extinction (astronomy), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Galaxy, Spectral line, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Equivalent width, Caltech Library Services, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation)
Abstract

We present high spatial resolution (~ 35 parsec) 5-38 um spectra of the central region of M82, taken with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph. From these spectra we determined the fluxes and equivalent widths of key diagnostic features, such as the [NeII]12.8um, [NeIII]15.5um, and H_2 S(1)17.03um lines, and the broad mid-IR polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features in six representative regions and analysed the spatial distribution of these lines and their ratios across the central region. We find a good correlation of the dust extinction with the CO 1-0 emission. The PAH emission follows closely the ionization structure along the galactic disk. The observed variations of the diagnostic PAH ratios across M82 can be explained by extinction effects, within systematic uncertainties. The 16-18um PAH complex is very prominent, and its equivalent width is enhanced outwards from the galactic plane. We interpret this as a consequence of the variation of the UV radiation field. The EWs of the 11.3um PAH feature and the H_2 S(1) line correlate closely, and we conclude that shocks in the outflow regions have no measurable influence on the H_2 emission. The [NeIII]/[NeII] ratio is on average low at ~0.18, and shows little variations across the plane, indicating that the dominant stellar population is evolved (5 - 6 Myr) and well distributed. There is a slight increase of the ratio with distance from the galactic plane of M82 which we attribute to a decrease in gas density. Our observations indicate that the star formation rate has decreased significantly in the last 5 Myr. The quantities of dust and molecular gas in the central area of the galaxy argue against starvation and for negative feedback processes, observable through the strong extra-planar outflows., Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, ApJ, emulateapj

Published
2008
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44. Lasing in Bose-Fermi mixtures

Author

Kochereshko, Vladimir P., Durnev, Mikhail V., Besombes, Lucien, Mariette, Henri, Sapega, Victor F., Askitopoulos, Alexis, Savenko, Ivan G., Liew, Timothy C. H., Shelykh, Ivan A., Platonov, Alexey V., Tsintzos, Simeon I., Hatzopoulos, Z., Savvidis, Pavlos G., Kalevich, Vladimir K., Afanasiev, Mikhail M., Lukoshkin, Vladimir A., Schneider, Christian, Amthor, Matthias, Metzger, Christian, Kamp, Martin, Hoefling, Sven, Lagoudakis, Pavlos, Kavokin, Alexey, A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Spin Optics Laboratory, St Petersburg State University (SPbU), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Applied Physics/COMP, Aalto University, Science Institute [Reykjavik], University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg [Wurtzbourg, Allemagne] (JMU), University of Southampton, St. Petersburg State University, Institut Néel, Department of Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, University of Würzburg, University of St Andrews, Aalto-yliopisto, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews. Condensed Matter Physics, and School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences

Subjects
POLARITONS, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter::Other, EINSTEIN CONDENSATION, NDAS, MAGNETIC-FIELD, Physics::Optics, EXCITON, Article, MOTT TRANSITION, Phase transitions and critical phenomena, QC Physics, SEMICONDUCTOR MICROCAVITY, SYSTEMS, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], QB Astronomy, ddc:530, LASER, QC, Bose–Einstein condensates, QB
Abstract

A.K. acknowledges the support from the EPSRC Established Career Fellowship. V.K., M.D., V.F.S. and A.K. acknowledge support from the Russian Ministry of Science and Education, contract (contract No. 11.G34.31.0067). P.G.S. acknowledges support from Greek GSRT program Aristeia (grant No. 1978). C.S., M. A. J.F., M.K and S.H. acknowledge support from the state of Bavaria. Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, well-known for revolutionising photonic science, has been realised primarily in fermionic systems including widely applied diode lasers. The prerequisite for fermionic lasing is the inversion of electronic population, which governs the lasing threshold. More recently, bosonic lasers have also been developed based on Bose-Einstein condensates of exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities. These electrically neutral bosons coexist with charged electrons and holes. In the presence of magnetic fields, the charged particles are bound to their cyclotron orbits, while the neutral exciton-polaritons move freely. We demonstrate how magnetic fields affect dramatically the phase diagram of mixed Bose-Fermi systems, switching between fermionic lasing, incoherent emission and bosonic lasing regimes in planar and pillar microcavities with optical and electrical pumping. We collected and analyzed the data taken on pillar and planar microcavity structures at continuous wave and pulsed optical excitation as well as injecting electrons and holes electronically. Our results evidence the transition from a Bose gas to a Fermi liquid mediated by magnetic fields and light-matter coupling. Publisher PDF

Published
2016
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45. Design of a dual species atom interferometer for space

Author

Baptiste Battelier, Johannes Burkhardt, Claus Braxmaier, E. Rocco, Didier Massonnet, Thijs Wendrich, Eric Wille, Fiodor Sorrentino, Thomas Leveque, A. Heske, Naceur Gaaloul, Matthias O. Franz, Alexander Milke, André Kubelka-Lange, Markus Oswald, Arnaud Landragin, Ulrich Johann, Jonas Hartwig, Ortwin Hellmig, C. Trenkel, Achim Peters, Norman Gürlebeck, Domenico Gerardi, Andrew Hinton, Andrea Bertoldi, Katerine Posso-Trujillo, M. Chwalla, Martin Gehler, M. Hauth, Jan Rudolph, Philippe Bouyer, Ahmad Bawamia, Markus Krutzik, Sven Herrmann, P. Ireland, Kai Bongs, Ernst M. Rasel, Holger Ahlers, Andreas Wicht, Luigi Cacciapuoti, André Wenzlawski, Thilo Schuldt, Patrick Windpassinger, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Waldemar Herr, Stephan Seidel, Guglielmo M. Tino, D. Summers, Ignacio Mateos, Christian Schubert, Mike Williams, Wolf von Klitzing, Benny Rievers, C. P. Chaloner, Klaus Sengstock, Wolfgang Ertmer, Lluis Gesa Bote, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Institut für Quantenoptik [Hannover] (IQ), Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM), Universität Bremen, MUARC, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Department of Mathematics, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Institut fur Physik, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Hamburg, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Space Sciences [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council [Madrid] (CSIC), INFN Sezione di Firenze, Astrium Ltd, Airbus Defence and Space Germany, Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), European Space Agency (ESA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Humboldt University Of Berlin, and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
Space technology, Atom interferometer, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Zerodur, Equivalence principle test, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 7. Clean energy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, Physics - Atomic Physics, Optics, Physics - Space Physics, law, Magnetic trap, Astronomical interferometer, Physics::Atomic Physics, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Bose-Einstein condensate, Laser diode, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business.industry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Laser, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Interferometry, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract

Atom interferometers have a multitude of proposed applications in space including precise measurements of the Earth's gravitational field, in navigation & ranging, and in fundamental physics such as tests of the weak equivalence principle (WEP) and gravitational wave detection. While atom interferometers are realized routinely in ground-based laboratories, current efforts aim at the development of a space compatible design optimized with respect to dimensions, weight, power consumption, mechanical robustness and radiation hardness. In this paper, we present a design of a high-sensitivity differential dual species $^{85}$Rb/$^{87}$Rb atom interferometer for space, including physics package, laser system, electronics and software. The physics package comprises the atom source consisting of dispensers and a 2D magneto-optical trap (MOT), the science chamber with a 3D-MOT, a magnetic trap based on an atom chip and an optical dipole trap (ODT) used for Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) creation and interferometry, the detection unit, the vacuum system for $10^{-11}$ mbar ultra-high vacuum generation, and the high-suppression factor magnetic shielding as well as the thermal control system. The laser system is based on a hybrid approach using fiber-based telecom components and high-power laser diode technology and includes all laser sources for 2D-MOT, 3D-MOT, ODT, interferometry and detection. Manipulation and switching of the laser beams is carried out on an optical bench using Zerodur bonding technology. The instrument consists of 9 units with an overall mass of 221 kg, an average power consumption of 608 W (819 W peak), and a volume of 470 liters which would well fit on a satellite to be launched with a Soyuz rocket, as system studies have shown., 30 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy

Published
2015
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46. GaN quantum dots: from basic understanding to unique applications

Author

G E Dialynas, J. Simon, Bruno Daudin, Henri Mariette, Nikos T. Pelekanos, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique (LSP), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], History, Materials science, Nanostructure, business.industry, Semiconductor materials, Semiconductor nanostructures, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Computer Science Applications, Education, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Quantum dot, Electric field, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract

The GaN self-assembled quantum dots constitute a very special and intriguing type of semiconductor nanostructure, mainly because they carry in their structure a giant internal electric field that can reach a value up to 7 MV/cm. In this report, we review the most important structural and optical properties of GaN quantum dots, and we discuss their advantages and limitations for blue-UV optoelectronic applications.

Published
2005
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47. Jamming of cellulose ether solutions in porous medium

Author

Claire Marlière, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Philippe Coussot, Antje Larsen, Pamela Faure, Benoit Loppinet, Laboratoire Navier (navier umr 8205), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Physique des milieux poreux, and Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, porous media, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Optical microscope, Dynamic light scattering, law, Polymer chemistry, suspensions, Cellulose, Crystallization, polymer properties, Filtration, Aqueous solution, Rheometry, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph], cellulose ether, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Chemical engineering, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Porous medium, Biotechnology
Abstract

The flow of aqueous cellulose ether solutions through a bead packing is investigated using magnetic resonance imaging and filtration measurements. A rather complex behavior dominated by jamming (clogging) and unjamming phenomena in time is observed. With the help of several characterization techniques (laser grain sizing, dynamic light scattering, optical microscopy, and rheometry), we find that the particular methyl(hydroxyethyl) cellulose prepared with a specific protocol, tends to form aggregates in water, even at the lowest achievable concentration. These aggregates are highly polydisperse, ranging from 100 nm to 100 μm in size, and are deformable. Their origin appears to be the hydrophobic links among molecules and the related local crystallization. It is suggested that these features play a key role in the observed jamming/unjamming during filtration tests. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3923–3935, 2015

Published
2015
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48. The ELI-ALPS facility: the next generation of attosecond sources

Author

Caterina Vozzi, Francesca Calegari, Hampus Wikmark, Karoly Osvay, Eric Cormier, Aline Vernier, Michele Devetta, Constantinos Kalpouzos, Fabio Frassetto, Filippo Campi, Gregory Iaquaniello, Per Johnsson, Cord L. Arnold, Salvatore Stagira, Subhendu Kahaly, Maïmona Bocoum, Nikos Papadakis, Miklós Füle, Dimitris Charalambidis, Zoltán Várallyay, Erik P. Månsson, Piotr Rudawski, Mauro Nisoli, Anne L'Huillier, Rodrigo Lopez-Martens, Sudipta Mondal, Luca Poletto, Franck Lépine, Sylvain Maclot, Giuseppe Sansone, Paraskevas Tzallas, Sergei Kühn, Mikhail Kalashnikov, Balázs Major, Christoph M. Heyl, Frederik Boehle, Mathieu Dumergue, Katalin Varjú, Tamás Csizmadia, B. Farkas, Stefan Haessler, E. Skantzakis, ELI (ELI ALPS), Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, ICT Institute of Politecnico di Milano, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Fachbereich Physik [Hamburg], Universität Hamburg (UHH), CNR Inst Photon & Nanotechnol, Dipartimento di Fisica [Politecnico Milano], Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Lund University [Lund], Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Freiburg], and Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg

Subjects
generation of attosecond pulses, Extreme Light Infrastructure, Attosecond, ultrafast phenomena, 01 natural sciences, Domain (software engineering), law.invention, application of extreme ultraviolet radiation, attosecond physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Condensed Matter Physics, 010309 optics, law, Atomic and Molecular Physics, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Quality characteristics, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Laser, Engineering physics, Pulse (physics), Femtosecond, and Optics
Abstract

Journal of physics / B 50(13), 132002 - (2017). doi:10.1088/1361-6455/aa6ee8, This review presents the technological infrastructure that will be available at the Extreme Light Infrastructure Attosecond Light Pulse Source (ELI-ALPS) international facility. ELI-ALPS will offer to the international scientific community ultrashort pulses in the femtosecond and attosecond domain for time-resolved investigations with unprecedented levels of high quality characteristics. The laser sources and the attosecond beamlines available at the facility will make attosecond technology accessible for scientists lacking access to these novel tools. Time-resolved investigation of systems of increasing complexity is envisaged using the end stations that will be provided at the facility., Published by IOP Publ., Bristol

Published
2017
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49. Phase diagrams of magnetopolariton gases

Author

Kochereshko, V. P., Durnev, M. V., Besombes, L., Mariette, H., Sapega, V. F., Axitopoulos, A., Savenko, I. G., Liew, T. C. H., Shelykh, I. A., Platonov, A. V., Tsintzos, S. I., Hatzopoulos, Z., Lagoudakis, P., Savvidis, P. G., Schneider, C., Amthor, M., Metzger, C., Kamp, M., Hoefling, S., Kavokin, A., A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Spin Optics Laboratory, St Petersburg State University (SPbU), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Physics and Astronomy School, University of Southampton, Science Institute [Reykjavik], University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Department of Applied Physics/COMP, Aalto University, Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Technische Physik, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg [Wurtzbourg, Allemagne] (JMU), and Mariette, Henri

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], Condensed Matter::Other, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics
Abstract

The magnetic field effect on phase transitions in electrically neutral bosonic systems is much less studied than those in fermionic systems, such as superconducting or ferromagnetic phase transitions. Nevertheless, composite bosons are strongly sensitive to magnetic fields: both their internal structure and motion as whole particles may be affected. A joint effort of ten laboratories has been focused on studies of polariton lasers, where non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates of bosonic quasiparticles, exciton-polaritons, may appear or disappear under an effect of applied magnetic fields. Polariton lasers based on pillar or planar microcavities were excited both optically and electrically. In all cases a pronounced dependence of the onset to lasing on the magnetic field has been observed. For the sake of comparison, photon lasing (lasing by an electron-hole plasma) in the presence of a magnetic field has been studied on the same samples as polariton lasing. The threshold to photon lasing is essentially governed by the excitonic Mott transition which appears to be sensitive to magnetic fields too. All the observed experimental features are qualitatively described within a uniform model based on coupled diffusion equations for electrons, holes and excitons and the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for exciton-polariton condensates. Our research sheds more light on the physics of non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates and the results manifest high potentiality of polariton lasers for spin-based quantum logic applications., Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures

Published
2013

50. The build-up of nuclear stellar cusps in extreme starburst galaxies and major mergers

Author

Jason Melbourne, Eric J. Murphy, Joseph M. Mazzarella, Justin Howell, Carrie Bridge, T. Vavilkin, Jason Surace, Vassilis Charmandaris, D. C. Kim, Lee Armus, Andreea Petric, Robert Braun, S. Stierwalt, Tanio Díaz-Santos, Aaron S. Evans, S. Haan, Hanae Inami, D. B. Sanders, AUTRES, IESL, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), iROc Technologies (IROC TECHNOLOGIES), Cadence Connection-EDA Consortium-FSA-Cubic Micro, Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), Nano Powder Metallurgy Group, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, inconnu temporaire UPEMLV, Inconnu, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
Nir light, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Luminous infrared galaxy, Cusp (singularity), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Magnitude (astronomy), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Nuclear stellar cusps are defined as central excess light component in the stellar light profiles of galaxies and are suggested to be stellar relics of intense compact starbursts in the central ~100-500 pc region of gas-rich major mergers. Here we probe the build-up of nuclear cusps during the actual starburst phase for a complete sample of Luminous Infrared Galaxy systems (85 LIRGs, with 11.4, Comment: 30 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2013
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