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The establishment of a resistor network model has become a sharp edge to solve complex scientific problems. In this paper, we introduce Chebyshev polynomials to express the potential formula of the hammock resistor network and improve the general solution of the hammock resistor network. Moreover, through the change in different parameters, special potential formulas are proposed and displayed in 3D dynamic view. A fast algorithm of the calculating potential is given by using the matrix equation model, discrete cosine transform-II, and the fast matrix-vector multiplication. Finally, we show the advantages of our improved potential formula and fast algorithm by the calculation efficiency of the three methods. The modified potential formula and the presented fast algorithm provide a new tool for the field of science and engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), originally designed in the United States of America, contains items on dysphasia and dysarthria that are deemed culturally unsuitable for the Singapore context. We compared the error rates of dysphasia objects, dysphasia phrases and dysarthria words between the original and alternative items in a cohort of Singaporean subjects without dysphasia or dysarthria. Methods: In this prospective study, 140 English-speaking Singaporean subjects without impairments of dysphasia or dysarthria had an assessment of NIHSS items 9 and 10 using the original and alternative items. Paired analyses were conducted for comparison of error rates. Results: The error rates were high for four original dysphasia objects (Hammock: 62.9%, Cactus: 38.6%, Feather: 23.6%, Glove: 20.7%) and significantly lower for alternative items (Snail: 5%, Horse: 1.4%, Hanger: 1.4%, Car: 0%) (P < 0.001). For dysphasia phrases and dysarthria words, the error rates were low and there were no differences in error rates between the original and alternative items. Conclusion: There are cultural issues with several dysphasia objects in the original NIHSS as evidenced by the high error rates, which were lowered with more culturally suitable alternatives. This study formed a basis to derive a more suitable version of the NIHSS for English-speaking subjects in Singapore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study seeks to discuss the social, cultural, and economic organization and contact between indigenous Warao women and the buriti palm, from which they derive their sustenance, shelter and the way in which it portrays the mythical relationship with all appropriation to meet needs. Furthermore, buriti is a source of income, through handicrafts, clothing and hammocks, the construction of houses, and a source of food. The analysis of the geographical category will be based on the concept of territoriality, through the territorial markers in the related studies by Almeida Silva (2010). Finally, the study was guided by bibliographical research, with data collected through theses, articles, published in the scientific and academic environment, with a qualitative nature and phenomenological analysis, in order to highlight human events in the midst of migratory manifestations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Toldo de Astier is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ilha do Desterro: A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English & Cultural Studies is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, CCE Departamento de Pos-Graduacao em Lingua Englesa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes the film "Paraguayan Hammock" (2006) directed by Paz Encina, focusing on visual narrative, sound, and traumatic memory. The awards and recognition received by Encina's work are mentioned, as well as the academic studies that have been conducted on her films. The analysis focuses on three main objectives: describing the use of cinematographic conventions in terms of fiction, documentary, and poetic cinema; analyzing the functioning of visual and auditory storytelling as part of a rhetorical technique that experiments with time and space of everyday contemplation; and developing an interpretation of the symbolic dimension of the film from traumatic memory. It discusses how the film challenges fiction through documentary and poetic elements, and explores the negotiation of conventions of documentary and poetic cinema in the work. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the primary treatment of localized prostate cancer. Immediate urinary incontinence post-RP was still common and depressing without specific reason.Methods: A multicenter cohort of 154 consecutive patients from 2018 to 2020, who was diagnosed with localized prostate cancer underwent either modified mini-incision retropubic radical prostatectomy (Mmi-RRP) or laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) or robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Seventy-two patients with Denonvilliers' fascia (DF) spared were included in DFS (Denonvilliers' fascia sparing) group. Whereas eighty-two patients with DF completely or partially dissected were set as Group Control. The primary outcome was immediate continence (ImC). Continuous data and categorical data were analyzed with t-test and Chi-square test, respectively. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated with logistic regression.Results: Urinary continence of Group DFS was significantly better than that of Group Control at each time point within one year after operation. Incidence rate of continence in Group DFS and Group Control were 83.3% vs 13.4% (P < 0.01) for ImC, 90.3% vs 30.5% (P < 0.01) at 3 months, 91.7% vs 64.6% (P < 0.01) at 6 months, and 93.1% vs 80.5% (P = 0.02) at 1 year after operation, respectively. Positive surgical margin (PSM) showed no significant difference (20.8% vs 20.7%, P = 1.0). In multivariate analysis, DFS showed importance for ImC post RP (OR = 26.4, P < 0.01).Conclusions: Denonvilliers' fascia acted as the fulcrum and hammock for continence post RP. Preservation of DF contributed to better continence after RP without increase of PSM. Trail registration Our research was conducted retrospectively and approved by the ethical committees of Minhang Hospital, but not registered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spider fauna of the Everglades National Park in southern Florida was surveyed over 2 widely separated time periods: 1966 to 1967 and 2008 to 2009. Samples were made in 4 of the typical Everglades habitats: sawgrass prairie, willowhead marsh, pineland, and tropical hardwood hammock, as well as several "disturbed" areas. A total of 201 spider species was identified. Twenty-three additional taxa were identified only to genus and included for general Everglades information. One species was documented as new and undescribed, and several others possibly may be new. The Everglades National Park is located at the northern border of the Neotropical ecozone and the southern border of the Nearctic ecozone. Forty-seven percent of the species were Nearctic, 37% Nearctic/Neotropical, 12% Cosmopolitan, and 3% Neotropical. The greatest number of species was collected in the hardwood hammock habitat. Life cycles of 10 common species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ouvirOUver is the property of ouvirOUver and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Work from home is one of the traditional forms of textile production that is still present in diverse regions of the world. The new local expressions connected to tourism have been able to position their products at a global scale. Also, in countries with cultural diversity there are regional markets where the population uses traditional clothing in their day-to-day life. This article offers a conceptual understanding of the novohispano proto-industry and the work activities at home. The case of an area of Southern Mexico is presented, the type of work that has been produced through textile activity, as well as its geographical specialization. The point of view of weavers, embroiderers, and armadoras in 13 municipalities of Yucatan is examined. Through interviews it was possible to recompile the details of their activity, the commercial connections, the means and ways in which this work is developed. This research is complemented by analyzing the longitudinal data of surveys about work from home, narrowing down on the textile economic sector. The findings suggest there are a set of factors connected to the proto-industry theory, specifically the relationship between the urban and rural, the extraterritorial market that strengthens the labor relationship between works and the commercial capital in the economic expansion of the state of Yucatan, Mexico.

Objective: To review the effects of the hammock positioning on clinical parameters of preterm newborn infants (PTNB) admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Data sources: This was a systematic review performed by searching the Pubmed, Lilacs, SciELO and PEDro databases. Intervention studies in English, Portuguese and Spanish that evaluated the effects of hammock positioning on clinical parameters of PTNB admitted to the NICU were selected. Three search strategies were used: 1) hammock positioning OR patient positioning AND intensive care units AND infant, newborn; 2) hammock positioning OR patient positioning AND intensive care units; 3) hammock positioning OR patient positioning AND intensive care units, neonatal. There was no restriction on the year of publication of the articles. Methodological quality was assessed by the PEDro scale. Data synthesis: Among 597 articles, only six were included and 139 neonates with gestational ages between 26 and 37 weeks and an average gestational weight <2240g were analyzed. Four studies included patients without any associated pathology and most of them placed the PTNB supine in hammock positioning. The duration of the intervention ranged from 15 to 180 minutes and most applied it at just one moment. There was an improvement in heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and pain (3/4 studies), as well as gains in peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) (2/4 studies). Only one study reported worsening of SpO2 with the intervention. The methodological quality of the studies was classified as low. Conclusions: Although this review suggests improvement with hammock positioning in HR, RR and pain in PTNB, the low methodological quality makes the results inconsistent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feather-decorated hammocks from the Amazon have been documented in travel reports and incorporated into museum collections from the nineteenth up to the early twentieth century. Here we present an analysis of five of these hammocks, housed in European museums. Through an object-centered approach, combining data obtained by direct observation of museum objects and associated documentation, historic travel reports and ethnographic literature, new information was obtained on the hammocks, such as possible areas of origin and indigenous producer groups. Results show that the production of these hammocks occurred in an area larger than traditionally believed, and that indigenous peoples at times decorated these hammocks in such a way as to express elements of their culture, imprinting ethnic markers onto artifacts that were many times considered as non-indigenous due to their production in transcultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on subjective and objective sleepiness of a stay above a large struck singing bowl compared to a relaxation period in a silent singing bowl. Methods: Fifty-eight healthy subjects were recruited for the study, 48 participated on two days, one week apart, during the same timeslot. The Karolinska sleepiness scale was used to evaluate current subjective sleepiness, and the relative pupillary unrest index to assess objective sleepiness. In this randomized cross-over study, the intervention consisted of a 20-minute stay in a hammock while the singing bowl, positioned beneath, was struck seven times. The controlled comparator was a 20-minute stay in the same hammock above the singing bowl, but without being struck. After these two interventions subjective and objective sleepiness were re-evaluated. Results: The mean relative pupillary unrest index values after relaxation in the struck and silent singing bowl groups were 0.74 and respectively 0.71 (p = 0.460). The median Karolinska sleepiness scale value after relaxation with the struck singing bowl was 3 compared with 4 (p = 0.041) for the silent singing bowl. Discussion: This study evaluated the influence of a struck singing bowl on sleepiness during daytime. Subjective sleepiness was significantly lower after relaxation above a struck singing bowl. After gender stratification, the difference was still significant in women. Objective sleepiness was not different in both groups. Finally, we can only speculate if women may be more susceptible to subjective improvements in case of sleepiness and show another perception of relaxation in a struck singing bowl compared to men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As sea level rises in low-lying coastal islands, salt-tolerant (halophytic) coastal vegetation communities may be able to migrate inland, replacing the freshwater vegetation that is unable to tolerate salt stress. The pace of such shifts may be accelerated by a self-reinforcing feedback between the halophytic vegetation and salinity, as well as by frequent and intensified salinity pulses associated with the increasing impact of storm surges as a consequence of sea-level rise. We used a modification of a previously published spatially explicit individual-based model that simulates impacts on upland freshwater hammock communities from sea-level rise and storm surge to predict the interaction between three coastal communities: mangroves, hammocks, and pinelands. The model simulation predicted two qualitative characteristics regarding the interaction between these three different coastal communities: (1) mangroves and hammock communities tend to have ground water with high salinities, while at the same time pineland ground water salinity is low, and (2) pineland located at lower elevation relative to adjacent hammock will be negatively influenced by higher ground water salinities in hammocks, as it flows toward the lower elevation pineland. We tested these predictions using foliar δ13C of Conocarpus erectus collected from Big Pine Key as a proxy for ground water salinity. Measurements of ground water salinity via this proxy confirmed the two predictions of the model. Our approach provides an approximation of the impacts of sea-level rise on terrestrial vegetation communities, including threatened pineland communities, and can be used as a tool for management decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the hammock networks were introduced more than sixty years ago, there is no general formula of the associated reliability polynomial. Using the full Hermite interpolation polynomial, we propose an approximation for the reliability polynomial of a hammock network of arbitrary size. In the second part of the paper, we provide combinatorial formulas for the first two non-zero coefficients of the reliability polynomial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hammock(2, 2 ,..., 2/k)-Poset Cover Problem is a variation of the Poset Cover Problem with the same input - set {L1, L2, ..., Lm} of linear orders over the set {1, 2, ..., n}, but the solution is restricted to a set of simple hammock(2, 2 ,..., 2/k) posets. The problem is NP-Hard when k = 3 but is in P when k = 1. The computational complexity of the problem when k = 2 is not yet known. In this paper, we determine the approximation complexity of the cases that have been shown to be NP-Hard. We show that the Hammock(2, 2 ,..., 2/k)-Poset Cover Problem is in APX and, in particular, (1 + 1/2K)-approximable, for k = 3. On the other hand, we also explore the computational complexity for the case where k = 2 [Hammock(2,2)-Poset Cover Problem]. We show that it is in P when the transposition graph of the input set of linear orders is rectangular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work from home is one of the traditional forms of textile production that is still present in diverse regions of the world. The new local expressions connected to tourism have been able to position their products at a global scale. Also, in countries with cultural diversity there are regional markets where the population uses traditional clothing in their day-to-day life. This article offers a conceptual understanding of the novohispano proto-industry and the work activities at home. The case of an area of Southern Mexico is presented, the type of work that has been produced through textile activity, as well as its geographical specialization. The point of view of weavers, embroiderers, and armadoras in 13 municipalities of Yucatan is examined. Through interviews it was possible to recompile the details of their activity, the commercial connections, the means and ways in which this work is developed. This research is complemented by analyzing the longitudinal data of surveys about work from home, narrowing down on the textile economic sector. The findings suggest there are a set of factors connected to the proto-industry theory, specifically the relationship between the urban and rural, the extraterritorial market that strengthens the labor relationship between works and the commercial capital in the economic expansion of the state of Yucatan, Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Landsmeer ligaments play a significant role in synchronizing the movements of the two distal phalanges of the fingers. However, there is considerable controversy in descriptions of its anatomy, function, presence, and clinical applications. Aim To ascertain and redefine the detailed anatomy of Oblique Retinacular (ORL) and Transverse Retinacular ligaments (TRL) and their applied features. Materials and Methods Anatomical dissection study was conducted in 100 cadaveric fingers in 42 cadavers (28 fresh specimens and remaining preserved specimens) under loupe magnification. The whole dorsal digital expansion with attached fibrous flexor sheath was dissected and specimen was examined after thorough saline wash. The dimensions, course, attachment, and configuration were noted in each specimen. The statistical mean was obtained for thickness of the ligaments. The measurements were made using a caliper at the level of the mid proximal phalanx, volar to the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint, and dorsal to the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. Results By anatomical dissection we have found the following: • The ORL was deep to the TRL. • The ORL had got a check rein effect at the PIP joint, in such a way that extension of the PIP joint causes extension of the DIP joint. • The ORL criss-crossed volar to the A3 pulley of fibrous flexor sheath and formed a good hammock for the PIP joint. This criss-crossing anatomical feature was found in all dissected fingers as an additional normal anatomical feature complementing the classical description of Landsmeer. • Variations in configuration of the Landsmeer ligaments were observed among various fingers. • The Landsmeer ligament was never absent as reported by several studies. Conclusion Contrary to several studies, the ORL was omnipresent in all dissected fingers with considerable variations in dimensions. Complementing the classical description of Landsmeer, we found that there was an additional normal criss-cross anatomical feature of the ORL in all fingers volar to A3 pulley and deep to the TRL. Also, the TRL was present in all the fingers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the interview held on July 29, 2016, under a broad shadow in which the floor was covered with babassu leaves and nuts. By the hammock that swayed in the lightness of the breeze lay a hatchet and a stump - the working tools of the babassu nut breaker Dona Francisca and her husband Expedito. This apparently peaceful life contrasts with the history - past and present - of those who welcome us: Serra Pelada, GETAT, INCRA, Matopiba. A land of conflicts, of the Guerrilha do Araguaia, of the Rural Workers' Unions, of the social movement of female babassu nut breakers. The contradictions between the colonization projects and the agricultural projects and hubs presented by the Brazilian State towards the livelihood of this peasant babassu nut breaker - one of several possible adjectives for Francisca - teaches us that "living is very dangerous", as Guimarães Rosa would say, but fundamental and inexorable for life itself to elapse and reproduce itself. The interview took place at Dona Francisca's plot, in Buriti do Tocantins, a municipality of Bico do Papagaio, which borders Pará and is located about 10 kilometers from Maranhão and was held by Mariana Leal Conceição Nóbrega and Débora Assumpção e Lima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a pressing need to assess resilience of coastal ecosystems against sea level rise. To develop appropriate response strategies against future climate disturbances, it is important to estimate the magnitude of disturbances that these ecosystems can absorb and to better understand their underlying processes. Hammocks (petenes) coastal ecosystems are highly vulnerable to sea level rise linked to climate change; their vulnerability is mainly due to its close relation with the sea through underground drainage in predominantly karstic soils. Hammocks are biologically important because of their high diversity and restricted distribution. This study proposes a strategy to assess resilience of this coastal ecosystem when high-precision data are scarce. Approaches and methods used to derive ecological resilience maps of hammocks are described and assessed. Resilience models were built by incorporating and weighting appropriate indicators of persistence to assess hammocks resilience against flooding due to climate change at “Los Petenes Biosphere Reserve”, in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. According to the analysis, 25% of the study area is highly resilient (hot spots), whereas 51% has low resilience (cold spots). The most significant hot spot clusters of resilience were located in areas distant to the coastal zone, with indirect tidal influence, and consisted mostly of hammocks surrounded by basin mangrove and floodplain forest. This study revealed that multi-criteria analysis and the use of GIS for qualitative, semi-quantitative and statistical spatial analyses constitute a powerful tool to develop ecological resilience maps of coastal ecosystems that are highly vulnerable to sea level rise, even when high-precision data are not available. This method can be applied in other sites to help develop resilience analyses and decision-making processes for management and conservation of coastal areas worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xuwei Lu, Chang He and Sihong Zhang have contributed equally to this work Correction to: BMC Urology (2021) 21:176 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-021-00943-z Following publication of the original article [[1]], the author reported that the equal contribution information was omitted. Reference 1 Lu X, He C, Zhang S, Yang F, Guo Z, Huang J, He M, Wu J, Sheng X, Lin W, Cheng J. Denonvilliers' fascia acts as the fulcrum and hammock for continence after radical prostatectomy. [Extracted from the article]

TNFα stimulates both pro- and anti-apoptotic signalling in hepatocytes. Anti-apoptotic signalling depends on a cascade of ubiquitylation steps leading to NFκB activation. Using Sharpin-deficient mice, we show that the ubiquitin binding protein Sharpin interacts with Hoip, an E3 ligase which generates linear ubiquitin chains. Sharpin-deficiency sensitized hepatocytes to induction of apoptosis by TNFα even in the absence of transcriptional inhibition. TNFα induced activation of NFκB was strongly reduced in hepatocytes from Sharpin-deficient mice, due to reduced and delayed phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. Injection of TNFα-inducing lipopolysaccharides led to strongly exacerbated liver damage and premature death in Sharpin-deficient mice. Our findings point to an essential role of Sharpin in linear ubiquitin chain formation, NFκB activation, and protection of the liver against inflammatory damaging signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Long-lasting insecticidal hammocks (LLIHs) are being evaluated as an additional malaria prevention tool in settings where standard control strategies have a limited impact. This is the case among the Ra-glai ethnic minority communities of Ninh Thuan, one of the forested and mountainous provinces of Central Vietnam where malaria morbidity persist due to the sylvatic nature of the main malaria vector An. dirus and the dependence of the population on the forest for subsistence - as is the case for many impoverished ethnic minorities in Southeast Asia. Methods: A social science study was carried out ancillary to a community-based cluster randomized trial on the effectiveness of LLIHs to control forest malaria. The social science research strategy consisted of a mixed methods study triangulating qualitative data from focused ethnography and quantitative data collected during a malariometric crosssectional survey on a random sample of 2,045 study participants. Results: To meet work requirements during the labor intensive malaria transmission and rainy season, Ra-glai slash and burn farmers combine living in government supported villages along the road with a second home at their fields located in the forest. LLIH use was evaluated in both locations. During daytime, LLIH use at village level was reported by 69.3% of all respondents, and in forest fields this was 73.2%. In the evening, 54.1% used the LLIHs in the villages, while at the fields this was 20.7%. At night, LLIH use was minimal, regardless of the location (village 4.4%; forest 6.4%). Discussion: Despite the free distribution of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and LLIHs, around half the local population remains largely unprotected when sleeping in their forest plot huts. In order to tackle forest malaria more effectively, control policies should explicitly target forest fields where ethnic minority farmers are more vulnerable to malaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) have undergone a dramatic range expansion within the last 150 years, yet few quantitative data are available describing their habitat selection patterns, and only a single population has received the vast majority of research attention in general. Because armadillos may negatively impact native fauna, improved knowledge of their habitat selection patterns is needed to better understand their ecology and improve estimates of their future distribution. We used radiotelemetry to monitor 31 armadillos at a site in southwestern Georgia during 2005-2006. Males and females selected habitats similarly. Armadillos were located farther than expected from mature pine habitats within their home ranges, but individual variation in this measure was high, which we suspect may be a fire-dependent response. Armadillos did not prefer hardwood hammocks, as has been reported for other populations, and we suspect this surprising result may have gone undetected had we not used radiotelemetry. Overall, armadillos did not exhibit much evidence of habitat selection at all. It therefore appears that factors other than habitat type, such as temperature and precipitation, may be more important in determining future armadillo distributions and negative impacts may be more widespread than previously thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the study that collects Anastrepha edentata Stone with McPhail traps in native hammock forest of Key Largo, Florida. It states that the phenology of the fly is illustrated and indicated that the fly is at least bivoltine and probably multivoltine. It shows that fruit obtained from 22 different potential host plants failed to produce adults of A. edentata. Moreover, it traps Anastrepha suspensa and Toxotrypana curvicauda Gerstaecker, while A. suspensa was reared from Ximenia americana L. for the first time.

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Sharp boundaries typically separate the salinity tolerant mangroves from the salinity intolerant hardwood hammock species, which occupy the similar geographical areas of southern Florida. Evidence of strong feedback between tree community-type and the salinity of the unsaturated (vadose) zone of the soil suggests that a severe disturbance that significantly tilts the salinity in the vadose zone might cause a shift from one vegetation type to the other. In this study, a model based upon the feedback dynamics between vegetation and salinity of the vadose zone of the soil was used to take account of storm surge events to investigate the mechanisms that by which this large-scale disturbance could affect the spatial pattern of hardwood hammocks and mangroves. Model simulation results indicated that a heavy storm surge that completely saturated the vadose zone at 30ppt for 1 day could lead to a regime shift in which there is domination by mangroves of areas previously dominated by hardwood hammocks. Lighter storm surges that saturated the vadose zone at less than 7ppt did not cause vegetation shifts. Investigations of model sensitivity analysis indicated that the thickness of the vadose zone, coupled with precipitation, influenced the residence time of high salinity in the vadose zone and therefore determined the rate of mangrove domination. The model was developed for a southern Florida coastal ecosystem, but its applicability may be much broader. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The boundaries between mangroves and freshwater hammocks in coastal ecotones of South Florida are sharp. Further, previous studies indicate that there is a discontinuity in plant predawn water potentials, with woody plants either showing predawn water potentials reflecting exposure to saline water or exposure to freshwater. This abrupt concurrent change in community type and plant water status suggests that there might be feedback dynamics between vegetation and salinity. A model examining the salinity of the aerated zone of soil overlying a saline body of water, known as the vadose layer, as a function of precipitation, evaporation and plant water uptake is presented here. The model predicts that mixtures of saline and freshwater vegetative species represent unstable states. Depending on the initial vegetation composition, subsequent vegetative change will lead either to patches of mangrove coverage having a high salinity vadose zone or to freshwater hammock coverage having a low salinity vadose zone. Complete or nearly complete coverage by either freshwater or saltwater vegetation represents two stable steady-state points. This model can explain many of the previous observations of vegetation patterns in coastal South Florida as well as observations on the dynamics of vegetation shifts caused by sea level rise and climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The southern Delmarva Peninsula is located along the middle Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States. The axial highland of the peninsula formed in four stages of Pleistocene spit progradation. The landward shoreline of the peninsula is on the Chesapeake Bay. The seaside shoreline of the peninsula is on the Atlantic Ocean. The coast of the peninsula is composed of five landscape sections described as a headland, a left-hand spit, a right-hand spit, a wave-dominated barrier island, and tide-dominated barrier islands.Fisherman Island is a barrier island located at the southern end of the southern Delmarva Peninsula. The landscape features on Fisherman Island do not illustrate a direct linkage to (1) the sediment dispersion from the Delaware headland or (2) the influence of local antecedent topography. The island has a bipolar progradational history that is normal to the axis of the southerly sediment dispersion pattern from the Delmarva headlands.During the late Holocene, sea-level rise flooded the low-elevation land at the distal end of the southern Delmarva Peninsula. The submerged area formed a shallow platform in the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay. Two sediment dispersion tracts affected the development of this area. On the ocean side of the peninsula, sediment moved southward along the lower shoreface to the Chesapeake Bay entrance. On the west side of the peninsula, southerly moving bay currents also dispersed sediment to the entrance of the bay. The two tracts converged on the northern side of the bay entrance forming a broad sand shoal. Wave diffraction and refraction around the margins of the shoal “swept” sediment into linear sand bars that migrated back toward the peninsula.By the middle of the 19th century, the fusion of sand bars on the shoal surface produced a permanent nucleus for island development. Wave refraction caused wave crests to “wrap around” the island core producing separate easterly and westerly components of shore aggradation. The westerly aggradational history is recorded in closely spaced sets of beach ridges. The easterly aggradational history is recorded in broadly spaced hammocks. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

I try to unveil, from the study of valorizations and judgements that have shape the story of the Cuban national identity, the processes of the identity construction through which there have been conceived something like the female other of the colonizer male subject. I consider in my investigation the most relevant historical periods (Conquest. Colony. Republic. Revolution), and I use sources of analysis like narrations, articles, conferences, testimony, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economic Botany is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)