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1. Planck 2018 results

Author: Antony Lewis, X. Dupac, James R. Fergusson, François R. Bouchet, Diego Molinari, E. Martínez-González, Jean-François Cardoso, L. Salvati, Jörg P. Rachen, Krzysztof M. Gorski, K. Ganga, A. Marcos-Caballero, C. Combet, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, E. Di Valentino, Jose M. Diego, L. Montier, Jan Hamann, J. F. Macías-Pérez, E. Franceschi, Charles R. Lawrence, M. Douspis, Erminia Calabrese, E. P. S. Shellard, Frederico Arroja, M. Le Jeune, P. Vielva, Andrea Zacchei, Graca Rocha, Martina Gerbino, Zhiqi Huang, Davide Maino, Adam Moss, Ricardo Genova-Santos, D. Tavagnacco, M. López-Caniego, A. A. Fraisse, M. Tenti, F. Piacentini, J.-P. Bernard, P. de Bernardis, Tiziana Trombetti, L. Toffolatti, Soumen Basak, F. Elsner, J.-L. Puget, Benjamin D. Wandelt, Julian Borrill, R. B. Barreiro, Gabriel Jung, Michele Liguori, S. Galeotta, Will Handley, F. Cuttaia, G. Polenta, R. C. Butler, K. Kiiveri, Anthony Lasenby, Alessandro Melchiorri, Reijo Keskitalo, A. J. Banday, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, A. Renzi, P. Bielewicz, F. Oppizzi, Yashar Akrami, Anthony Challinor, B. Casaponsa, E. Keihänen, Gianmarco Maggio, B. P. Crill, Nicola Bartolo, B. Van Tent, Fabrizio Villa, Francesca Perrotta, F. K. Hansen, J. B. Kim, G. Sirri, Andrei V. Frolov, Michele Maris, J. A. Tauber, M. Savelainen, D. Herranz, A.-S. Suur-Uski, Yabebal Fantaye, Sabino Matarrese, M. Migliaccio, M. Tomasi, M. Bucher, Nicola Vittorio, J. Valiviita, V. Lindholm, W. C. Jones, Douglas Scott, R. Fernandez-Cobos, D. Paoletti, Marco Bersanelli, Torsten A. Enßlin, A. Moneti, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, V. Pettorino, François Levrier, E. Hivon, J. Aumont, B. Racine, A. Mennella, G. Patanchon, Alessandro Gruppuso, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, M. Reinecke, J.-M. Delouis, P. D. Meerburg, Massimiliano Lattanzi, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, N. Mandolesi, Chiara Sirignano, Kendrick M. Smith, Andrew H. Jaffe, Peter Meinhold, J.-M. Lamarre, A. de Rosa, G. de Zotti, B. Partridge, J. González-Nuevo, A. Ducout, Locke D. Spencer, M. Ashdown, H. K. Eriksen, Martin Kunz, Mathieu Remazeilles, Jon E. Gudmundsson, L. P. L. Colombo, Jason D. McEwen, Mario Ballardini, Peter G. Martin, George Efstathiou, Serge Gratton, Carlo Burigana, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Yin-Zhe Ma, Jacques Delabrouille, Fabio Finelli, L. Pagano, N. Mauri, S. Dusini, Andrea Zonca, R. A. Sunyaev, P. B. Lilje, Luca Stanco, H. C. Chiang, K. Benabed, J. R. Bond, B. Ruiz-Granados, O. Doré, Paolo Natoli, Maresuke Shiraishi, Moritz Münchmeyer, S. Galli, Gianluca Morgante, Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), ICRA and Physics Department, Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Universidad de Cantabria, Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), High-Energy Frontier, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Y. Akrami, F. Arroja, M. Ashdown, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, M. Ballardini, A. J. Banday, R. B. Barreiro, N. Bartolo, S. Basak, K. Benabed, J. -P. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, P. Bielewicz, J. R. Bond, J. Borrill, F. R. Bouchet, M. Bucher, C. Burigana, R. C. Butler, E. Calabrese, J. -F. Cardoso, B. Casaponsa, A. Challinor, H. C. Chiang, L. P. L. Colombo, C. Combet, B. P. Crill, F. Cuttaia, P. de Bernardi, A. de Rosa, G. de Zotti, J. Delabrouille, J. -M. Deloui, E. Di Valentino, J. M. Diego, O. Doré, M. Douspi, A. Ducout, X. Dupac, S. Dusini, G. Efstathiou, F. Elsner, T. A. Enßlin, H. K. Eriksen, Y. Fantaye, J. Fergusson, R. Fernandez-Cobo, F. Finelli, M. Fraili, A. A. Fraisse, E. Franceschi, A. Frolov, S. Galeotta, K. Ganga, R. T. Génova-Santo, M. Gerbino, J. González-Nuevo, K. M. Górski, S. Gratton, A. Gruppuso, J. E. Gudmundsson, J. Hamann, W. Handley, F. K. Hansen, D. Herranz, E. Hivon, Z. Huang, A. H. Jaffe, W. C. Jone, G. Jung, E. Keihänen, R. Keskitalo, K. Kiiveri, J. Kim, N. Krachmalnicoff, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, J. -M. Lamarre, A. Lasenby, M. Lattanzi, C. R. Lawrence, M. Le Jeune, F. Levrier, A. Lewi, M. Liguori, P. B. Lilje, V. Lindholm, M. López-Caniego, Y. -Z. Ma, J. F. Macías-Pérez, G. Maggio, D. Maino, N. Mandolesi, A. Marcos-Caballero, M. Mari, P. G. Martin, E. Martínez-González, S. Matarrese, N. Mauri, J. D. McEwen, P. D. Meerburg, P. R. Meinhold, A. Melchiorri, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, M. -A. Miville-Deschêne, D. Molinari, A. Moneti, L. Montier, G. Morgante, A. Mo, M. Münchmeyer, P. Natoli, F. Oppizzi, L. Pagano, D. Paoletti, B. Partridge, G. Patanchon, F. Perrotta, V. Pettorino, F. Piacentini, G. Polenta, J. -L. Puget, J. P. Rachen, B. Racine, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeille, A. Renzi, G. Rocha, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, B. Ruiz-Granado, L. Salvati, M. Savelainen, D. Scott, E. P. S. Shellard, M. Shiraishi, C. Sirignano, G. Sirri, K. Smith, L. D. Spencer, L. Stanco, R. Sunyaev, A. -S. Suur-Uski, J. A. Tauber, D. Tavagnacco, M. Tenti, L. Toffolatti, M. Tomasi, T. Trombetti, J. Valiviita, B. Van Tent, P. Vielva, F. Villa, N. Vittorio, B. D. Wandelt, I. K. Wehu, A. Zacchei, A. Zonca, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, cosmological model, Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, POLARIZATION ANISOTROPIES, cosmic background radiation: polarization, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, Cosmic background radiation, Early Universe, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, expansion: multipole, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), cosmology: theory, 3-POINT CORRELATION-FUNCTION, observations [Cosmology], data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, TEMPERATURE, Physics, [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], hep-th, formation, hep-ph, early Universe, CMB cold spot, inflation: model, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, scale dependence, non-Gaussianity, symbols, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], astro-ph.CO, Trispectrum, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Particle physics, data analysis method, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), satellite: Planck, gr-qc, FOS: Physical sciences, PREDICTIONS, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, Separable space, NO, isocurvature, symbols.namesake, trispectrum, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, parity: violation, gravitation: lens, statistical analysis, theory [Cosmology], Non-Gaussianity, 0103 physical sciences, BISPECTRUM, INFRARED BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES, structure, bispectrum: scale dependence, Planck, cosmic background radiation: bispectrum, inflation, FAST ESTIMATOR, numerical calculations, non-Gaussianity: primordial, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ISOCURVATURE PERTURBATIONS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stability, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Inflation, methods: data analysis, boundary condition, cosmic background radiation: temperature, Cosmology: observations, Cosmology: theory, Methods: data analysis, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, axion, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], cosmology: observations, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmology: observations, Cosmology: theory, Early Universe, Inflation, Methods: data analysis, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Bispectrum
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., arXiv:1905.05697v1, We analyse the Planck full-mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and E-mode polarization maps to obtain constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). We compare estimates obtained from separable template-fitting, binned, and optimal modal bispectrum estimators, finding consistent values for the local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes. Our combined temperature and polarization analysis produces the following final results: fNLlocal = −0.9 ± 5.1; fNLequil = −26 ± 47; and fNLortho = −38 ± 24 (68% CL, statistical). These results include low-multipole (4 ≤ ℓ < 40) polarization data that are not included in our previous analysis. The results also pass an extensive battery of tests (with additional tests regarding foreground residuals compared to 2015), and they are stable with respect to our 2015 measurements (with small fluctuations, at the level of a fraction of a standard deviation, which is consistent with changes in data processing). Polarization-only bispectra display a significant improvement in robustness; they can now be used independently to set primordial NG constraints with a sensitivity comparable to WMAP temperature-based results and they give excellent agreement. In addition to the analysis of the standard local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum shapes, we consider a large number of additional cases, such as scale-dependent feature and resonance bispectra, isocurvature primordial NG, and parity-breaking models, where we also place tight constraints but do not detect any signal. The non-primordial lensing bispectrum is, however, detected with an improved significance compared to 2015, excluding the null hypothesis at 3.5σ. Beyond estimates of individual shape amplitudes, we also present model-independent reconstructions and analyses of the Planck CMB bispectrum. Our final constraint on the local primordial trispectrum shape is gNLlocal = (−5.8 ± 6.5) × 104 (68% CL, statistical), while constraints for other trispectrum shapes are also determined. Exploiting the tight limits on various bispectrum and trispectrum shapes, we constrain the parameter space of different early-Universe scenarios that generate primordial NG, including general single-field models of inflation, multi-field models (e.g. curvaton models), models of inflation with axion fields producing parity-violation bispectra in the tensor sector, and inflationary models involving vector-like fields with directionally-dependent bispectra. Our results provide a high-precision test for structure-formation scenarios, showing complete agreement with the basic picture of the ΛCDM cosmology regarding the statistics of the initial conditions, with cosmic structures arising from adiabatic, passive, Gaussian, and primordial seed perturbations., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2020

2. Planck 2018 results: XII. Galactic astrophysics using polarized dust emission

Author: E. Di Valentino, A. Marcos-Caballero, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, François Levrier, N. Mauri, Jason D. McEwen, X. Dupac, Carlo Burigana, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, K. Benabed, J. R. Bond, Vincent Guillet, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, L. Polastri, Alessandro Melchiorri, Andrea Bracco, G. de Zotti, J. González-Nuevo, P. B. Lilje, E. Martínez-González, P. de Bernardis, Yashar Akrami, S. Galli, J. Aumont, Marian Douspis, M. Maris, Martina Gerbino, L. Toffolatti, Rashid Sunyaev, E. Franceschi, Guillaume Patanchon, A. Mangilli, Edith Falgarone, J.-M. Delouis, Anthony Lasenby, Jörg P. Rachen, M. Migliaccio, M. Bucher, Douglas Scott, M. Ashdown, H. K. Eriksen, K. Ganga, Jose M. Diego, J. A. Tauber, M. Savelainen, E. Keihänen, Gianluca Morgante, B. P. Crill, F. Cuttaia, Charles R. Lawrence, C. Combet, N. Mandolesi, Fabrizio Villa, Nabila Aghanim, D. Herranz, M. Tenti, F. Vansyngel, S. Galeotta, James J. Bock, B. Van Tent, L. P. L. Colombo, Andrew H. Jaffe, Clive Dickinson, B. Ruiz-Granados, A.-S. Suur-Uski, M. Le Jeune, Philip Lubin, J. Kim, J. F. Macías-Pérez, Mario Ballardini, F. Boulanger, Davide Maino, A. A. Fraisse, W. C. Jones, Ranga-Ram Chary, Andrea Zacchei, Tiziana Trombetti, Tuhin Ghosh, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, Graca Rocha, George Efstathiou, Sabino Matarrese, J. Valiviita, Nicola Vittorio, V. Lindholm, Valeria Pettorino, A. J. Banday, Katia Ferrière, A. Moneti, Franz Elsner, Jacques Delabrouille, Yabebal Fantaye, R. B. Barreiro, A. Mennella, N. Bartolo, L. Montier, Michele Liguori, P. Vielva, F. K. Hansen, Fabio Finelli, G. Roudier, F. Piacentini, M. Tomasi, K. Kiiveri, Erminia Calabrese, Guilaine Lagache, C. Rosset, M. I. R. Alves, M. Sandri, Jean-François Cardoso, Peter G. Martin, Marco Bersanelli, M. López-Caniego, Zhiqi Huang, Andrei V. Frolov, François R. Bouchet, Julien Carron, George Helou, L. Salvati, J.-P. Bernard, Adam Moss, Gregory M. Green, J.-L. Puget, Benjamin D. Wandelt, Julian Borrill, Will Handley, S. Basak, Ricardo Genova-Santos, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, O. Doré, Paolo Natoli, D. Tavagnacco, Massimiliano Lattanzi, G. Polenta, A. Renzi, Diego Molinari, G. Maggio, R. Fernandez-Cobos, Reijo Keskitalo, P. Bielewicz, M. Reinecke, Martin Kunz, Mathieu Remazeilles, Jon E. Gudmundsson, C. Sirignano, Francesco Forastieri, L. Pagano, Andrea Zonca, H. C. Chiang, Francesca Perrotta, Torsten A. Enßlin, Serge Gratton, Yin-Zhe Ma, Eric Hivon, D. Paoletti, Alessandro Gruppuso, J.-M. Lamarre, A. Ducout, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, I. Ristorcelli, Krzysztof M. Gorski, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Manchester [Manchester], Venetian Institute Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, Aghanim N., Akrami Y., Alves M.I.R., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bernard J.-P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bock J.J., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bracco A., Bucher M., Burigana C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Carron J., Chary R.-R., Chiang H.C., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis J.-M., Di Valentino E., Dickinson C., Diego J.M., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Falgarone E., Fantaye Y., Fernandez-Cobos R., Ferriere K., Finelli F., Forastieri F., Frailis M., Fraisse A.A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Green G., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Guillet V., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Helou G., Herranz D., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Le Jeune M., Levrier F., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Lubin P.M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Moneti A., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Natoli P., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Patanchon G., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polastri L., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Ristorcelli I., Rocha G., Rosset C., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Sirignano C., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valiviita J., Vansyngel F., Van Tent B., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., Zacchei A., Zonca A., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Universidad de Cantabria, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), ANR-17-CE31-0022,BxB,Champs B interstellaires et modes B de l'inflation(2017), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: STARLIGHT, Astronomy, Inverse, Astrophysics, magnetic fields, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Polarization, DISTANT STARS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Physics, Turbulence, extinction, ISM [Submillimeter], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, MAGNETIC-FIELD, CLOUDS, Galaxy: ISM, LATITUDES, Polarization (waves), STATISTICS, Magnetic field, ISM: dust, symbols, INTERSTELLAR POLARIZATION, submillimeter: ISM, dust, local insterstellar matter, COMPONENT SEPARATION, GRAIN ALIGNMENT, Local insterstellar matter, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, polarization, turbulence, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, NO, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, DISPERSION, Dust, Extinction, Local insterstellar matter, Magnetic fields, Polarization, Submillimeter: ISM, Turbulence, 0103 physical sciences, Computer Science::Symbolic Computation, Planck, Dust, extinction, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Molecular cloud, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, submillimetre: ISM, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Magnetic fields, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dust emission
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., Observations of the submillimetre emission from Galactic dust, in both total intensity I and polarization, have received tremendous interest thanks to the Planck full-sky maps. In this paper we make use of such full-sky maps of dust polarized emission produced from the third public release of Planck data. As the basis for expanding on astrophysical studies of the polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust, we present full-sky maps of the dust polarization fraction p, polarization angle ψ, and dispersion function of polarization angles 𝒮. The joint distribution (one-point statistics) of p and NH confirms that the mean and maximum polarization fractions decrease with increasing NH. The uncertainty on the maximum observed polarization fraction, pmax = 22.0−1.4+3.5% at 353 GHz and 80′ resolution, is dominated by the uncertainty on the Galactic emission zero level in total intensity, in particular towards diffuse lines of sight at high Galactic latitudes. Furthermore, the inverse behaviour between p and 𝒮 found earlier is seen to be present at high latitudes. This follows the 𝒮 ∝ p−1 relationship expected from models of the polarized sky (including numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamical turbulence) that include effects from only the topology of the turbulent magnetic field, but otherwise have uniform alignment and dust properties. Thus, the statistical properties of p, ψ, and 𝒮 for the most part reflect the structure of the Galactic magnetic field. Nevertheless, we search for potential signatures of varying grain alignment and dust properties. First, we analyse the product map 𝒮 × p, looking for residual trends. While the polarization fraction p decreases by a factor of 3−4 between NH = 1020 cm−2 and NH = 2 × 1022 cm−2, out of the Galactic plane, this product 𝒮 × p only decreases by about 25%. Because 𝒮 is independent of the grain alignment efficiency, this demonstrates that the systematic decrease in p with NH is determined mostly by the magnetic-field structure and not by a drop in grain alignment. This systematic trend is observed both in the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) and in molecular clouds of the Gould Belt. Second, we look for a dependence of polarization properties on the dust temperature, as we would expect from the radiative alignment torque (RAT) theory. We find no systematic trend of 𝒮 × p with the dust temperature Td, whether in the diffuse ISM or in the molecular clouds of the Gould Belt. In the diffuse ISM, lines of sight with high polarization fraction p and low polarization angle dispersion 𝒮 tend, on the contrary, to have colder dust than lines of sight with low p and high 𝒮. We also compare the Planck thermal dust polarization with starlight polarization data in the visible at high Galactic latitudes. The agreement in polarization angles is remarkable, and is consistent with what we expect from the noise and the observed dispersion of polarization angles in the visible on the scale of the Planck beam. The two polarization emission-to-extinction ratios, RP/p and RS/V, which primarily characterize dust optical properties, have only a weak dependence on the column density, and converge towards the values previously determined for translucent lines of sight. We also determine an upper limit for the polarization fraction in extinction, pV/E(B − V), of 13% at high Galactic latitude, compatible with the polarization fraction p ≈ 20% observed at 353 GHz. Taken together, these results provide strong constraints for models of Galactic dust in diffuse gas., The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research & Innovation Framework Programme/ERC grant agreement ERC-2016-ADG-742719. This research has received funding from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-17-CE31-0022). The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2020

3. OBSERVATIONS OF MILKY WAY DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES WITH THE FERMI-LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DETECTOR AND CONSTRAINTS ON DARK MATTER MODELS

Author: Buson, S [Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita di Padova, I-35131 Padova (Italy)]
Published: 2010
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4. FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF CASSIOPEIA AND CEPHEUS: DIFFUSE GAMMA-RAY EMISSION IN THE OUTER GALAXY

Author: Buson, S [Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita di Padova, I-35131 Padova (Italy)]
Published: 2010
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5. DIRECTIONAL VARIATIONS OF THE NON-GAUSSIANITY PARAMETER f{sub NL}

Author: Matarrese, Sabino [Dipartimento di Fisica, G. Galilei, Universita di Padova and INFN, Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova (Italy)]
Published: 2010
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6. COLLAPSE OF MOLECULAR CLOUD CORES WITH RADIATION TRANSFER: FORMATION OF MASSIVE STARS BY ACCRETION

Author: De Felice, Fernando [Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita di Padova, Via Marzolo 8 35131 Padova (Italy)]
Published: 2009
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7. DETECTABILITY OF THE EFFECT OF INFLATIONARY NON-GAUSSIANITY ON HALO BIAS

Author: Matarrese, Sabino [Dipartimento di fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova and INFN, Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131, Padova (Italy)]
Published: 2009
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8. AN ESTIMATE OF THE PRIMORDIAL NON-GAUSSIANITY PARAMETER f {sub NL} USING THE NEEDLET BISPECTRUM FROM WMAP

Author: Matarrese, Sabino [Dipartimento di Fisica, G. Galilei, Universita di Padova and INFN, Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova (Italy)]
Published: 2009
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9. Planck 2018 results

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Le Jeune, M., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., PAOLETTI, DANIELA, Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Pettorino, V., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Piacentini, F., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Bernard, J. -P., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Soler, J. D., Spencer, L. D., Bersanelli, M., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Vansyngel, F., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., VILLA, FABRIZIO, Bielewicz, P., Vittorio, N., Wehus, I. K., ZACCHEI, Andrea, Zonca, A., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bracco, A., Bucher, M., BURIGANA, CARLO, Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Chiang, H. C., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., de Bernardis, P., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Falgarone, E., Fantaye, Y., Ferrière, K., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., FRANCESCHI, ENRICO, Frolov, A., GALEOTTA, Samuele, Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., GRUPPUSO, ALESSANDRO, Gudmundsson, J. E., Guillet, V., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CentraleSupélec, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. 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Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Astronomy, HELICITY, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, magnetic fields, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Cosmic background radiation, Dust, Extinction, ISM: magnetic fields, ISM: structure, Polarization, Submillimeter: diffuse background, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Physics, Spectral index, Astrophysics of Galaxies, extinction, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, POWER SPECTRA, Cosmic background radiation, Dust, Extinction, ISM: magnetic fields, ISM: structure, Polarization, Submillimeter: diffuse background, Polarization (waves), CMB cold spot, astro-ph.CO, symbols, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, submillimeter: ISM, dust, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, local insterstellar matter, INTERSTELLAR DUST, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, COMPONENT SEPARATION, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE, MICROWAVE EMISSION, MAGNETIC-FIELDS, NO, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Black-body radiation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Planck, Reionization, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, turbulence, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, STATISTICAL PROPERTIES, RADIATION, submillimeter: diffuse background, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], astro-ph.IM
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., arXiv:1801.04945v3, The study of polarized dust emission has become entwined with the analysis of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization in the quest for the curl-like B-mode polarization from primordial gravitational waves and the low-multipole E-mode polarization associated with the reionization of the Universe. We used the new Planck PR3 maps to characterize Galactic dust emission at high latitudes as a foreground to the CMB polarization and use end-to-end simulations to compute uncertainties and assess the statistical significance of our measurements. We present Planck EE, BB, and TE power spectra of dust polarization at 353 GHz for a set of six nested high-Galactic-latitude sky regions covering from 24 to 71% of the sky. We present power-law fits to the angular power spectra, yielding evidence for statistically significant variations of the exponents over sky regions and a difference between the values for the EE and BB spectra, which for the largest sky region are αEE = −2.42 ± 0.02 and αBB = −2.54 ± 0.02, respectively. The spectra show that the TE correlation and E/B power asymmetry discovered by Planck extend to low multipoles that were not included in earlier Planck polarization papers due to residual data systematics. We also report evidence for a positive TB dust signal. Combining data from Planck and WMAP, we have determined the amplitudes and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of polarized foregrounds, including the correlation between dust and synchrotron polarized emission, for the six sky regions as a function of multipole. This quantifies the challenge of the component-separation procedure that is required for measuring the low-ℓ reionization CMB E-mode signal and detecting the reionization and recombination peaks of primordial CMB B modes. The SED of polarized dust emission is fit well by a single-temperature modified black-body emission law from 353 GHz to below 70 GHz. For a dust temperature of 19.6 K, the mean dust spectral index for dust polarization is βdP = 1.53±0.02. The difference between indices for polarization and total intensity is βdP−βdI = 0.05±0.03. By fitting multi-frequency cross-spectra between Planck data at 100, 143, 217, and 353 GHz, we examine the correlation of the dust polarization maps across frequency. We find no evidence for a loss of correlation and provide lower limits to the correlation ratio that are tighter than values we derive from the correlation of the 217- and 353 GHz maps alone. If the Planck limit on decorrelation for the largest sky region applies to the smaller sky regions observed by sub-orbital experiments, then frequency decorrelation of dust polarization might not be a problem for CMB experiments aiming at a primordial B-mode detection limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r ≃ 0.01 at the recombination peak. However, the Planck sensitivity precludes identifying how difficult the component-separation problem will be for more ambitious experiments targeting lower limits on r., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU)
Published: 2020

10. Planck 2018 results

Author: Jean-François Cardoso, A. A. Fraisse, P. Vielva, A. J. Banday, Charles R. Lawrence, Yabebal Fantaye, Alessandro Gruppuso, Krzysztof M. Gorski, J.-L. Puget, B. D. Wandelt, Guilaine Lagache, A. Mangilli, M. López-Caniego, P. de Bernardis, R. B. Barreiro, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, Matthieu Tristram, K. Kiiveri, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, François Levrier, E. Hivon, S. Galli, J. Aumont, François R. Bouchet, A. Renzi, Reijo Keskitalo, Michele Liguori, Sabino Matarrese, Diego Molinari, M. Ashdown, A. Mennella, Nabila Aghanim, F. K. Hansen, A. Ducout, E. Martínez-González, J.-M. Lamarre, B. Partridge, Gianluca Morgante, Yashar Akrami, Anthony Challinor, H. K. Eriksen, L. P. L. Colombo, L. Pagano, L. Patrizii, Marian Douspis, J.-M. Delouis, O. Perdereau, Alessandro Melchiorri, X. Dupac, N. Mandolesi, Andrew H. Jaffe, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, J. A. Tauber, M. Savelainen, M. Tomasi, Mario Ballardini, George Efstathiou, Nicola Bartolo, Andrea Zonca, H. C. Chiang, N. Mauri, O. Doré, L. Vibert, Theodore Kisner, Steven Gratton, Marco Bersanelli, Andrei V. Frolov, L. Salvati, Erminia Calabrese, A. Moneti, L. Montier, J. B. Kim, A.-S. Suur-Uski, Martina Gerbino, G. Sirri, Tuhin Ghosh, J. F. Macías-Pérez, F. Boulanger, P. B. Lilje, J. Valiviita, G. Patanchon, Adam Moss, Ricardo Genova-Santos, M. Migliaccio, Graca Rocha, Zhiqi Huang, C. Combet, E. Falgarone, Valeria Pettorino, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, M. Bucher, Douglas Scott, D. Tavagnacco, M. Sandri, Jacques Delabrouille, S. Mottet, G. Roudier, J. González-Nuevo, L. Toffolatti, Davide Maino, Julian Borrill, Massimiliano Lattanzi, Will Handley, Jörg P. Rachen, M. Tenti, Anthony Lasenby, Fabio Finelli, E. Keihänen, Tiziana Trombetti, E. Di Valentino, Francesca Perrotta, Sophie Henrot-Versille, E. Franceschi, Gianmarco Maggio, F. Cuttaia, Fabrizio Villa, J.-P. Bernard, Torsten A. Enßlin, D. Herranz, D. Paoletti, Paolo Natoli, A. Karakci, F. Vansyngel, P. Bielewicz, W. C. Jones, Julien Carron, Peter G. Martin, S. Galeotta, Yin-Zhe Ma, K. Benabed, K. Ganga, Jose M. Diego, J. R. Bond, F. Piacentini, Soumen Basak, M. Reinecke, R. A. Sunyaev, Chiara Sirignano, G. de Zotti, F. Couchot, Franz Elsner, B. P. Crill, B. Van Tent, Nicola Vittorio, V. Lindholm, Jason D. McEwen, Martin Kunz, Carlo Burigana, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Mathieu Remazeilles, Jon E. Gudmundsson, A. de Rosa, Locke D. Spencer, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Planck, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Aghanim N., Akrami Y., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bernard J.-P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Carron J., Challinor A., Chiang H.C., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Couchot F., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Rosa A., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis J.-M., Di Valentino E., Diego J.M., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Falgarone E., Fantaye Y., Finelli F., Frailis M., Fraisse A.A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Henrot-Versille S., Herranz D., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Karakci A., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Kisner T.S., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Levrier F., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Moneti A., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Mottet S., Natoli P., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Patanchon G., Patrizii L., Perdereau O., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Roudier G., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Spencer L.D., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Tristram M., Trombetti T., Valiviita J., Vansyngel F., Van Tent B., Vibert L., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., Zonca A., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Universidad de Cantabria, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, and Doctoral Programme in Particle Physics and Universe Sciences
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, NO, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Planck, observations [Cosmology], data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Reionization, LATITUDE MOLECULAR GAS, Physics, SPECTRUM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, cosmology: observations, methods: data analysis, Settore FIS/05, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Computational physics, MODEL, Dipole, Amplitude, SKY MAPS, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmology: observations, Methods: data analysis, Surveys, Space and Planetary Science, SEPARATION, symbols, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Methods: data analysi
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., This paper presents the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) data processing procedures for the Planck 2018 release. Major improvements in mapmaking have been achieved since the previous Planck 2015 release, many of which were used and described already in an intermediate paper dedicated to the Planck polarized data at low multipoles. These improvements enabled the first significant measurement of the reionization optical depth parameter using Planck-HFI data. This paper presents an extensive analysis of systematic effects, including the use of end-to-end simulations to facilitate their removal and characterize the residuals. The polarized data, which presented a number of known problems in the 2015 Planck release, are very significantly improved, especially the leakage from intensity to polarization. Calibration, based on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole, is now extremely accurate and in the frequency range 100–353 GHz reduces intensity-to-polarization leakage caused by calibration mismatch. The Solar dipole direction has been determined in the three lowest HFI frequency channels to within one arc minute, and its amplitude has an absolute uncertainty smaller than 0.35 μK, an accuracy of order 10−4. This is a major legacy from the Planck HFI for future CMB experiments. The removal of bandpass leakage has been improved for the main high-frequency foregrounds by extracting the bandpass-mismatch coefficients for each detector as part of the mapmaking process; these values in turn improve the intensity maps. This is a major change in the philosophy of “frequency maps”, which are now computed from single detector data, all adjusted to the same average bandpass response for the main foregrounds. End-to-end simulations have been shown to reproduce very well the relative gain calibration of detectors, as well as drifts within a frequency induced by the residuals of the main systematic effect (analogue-to-digital convertor non-linearity residuals). Using these simulations, we have been able to measure and correct the small frequency calibration bias induced by this systematic effect at the 10−4 level. There is no detectable sign of a residual calibration bias between the first and second acoustic peaks in the CMB channels, at the 10−3 level., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found at http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/planck/planckcollaboration.
Published: 2020

11. Planck 2018 results: II. Low Frequency Instrument data processing

Author: Akrami, Y., Argüeso, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. F., Colombo, L. P.L., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Karakci, A., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, Jaiseung, Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leahy, J. P., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. Z., Maciás-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Molinari, D., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Peel, M., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seljebotn, D. S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Vansyngel, F., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Watson, R., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICRA and Physics Department, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Manchester [Manchester], Venetian Institute Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Psychology, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Planck Collaboration, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CentraleSupélec, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leiden University, University of Oviedo, University of Cambridge, Université Paul Sabatier, International School for Advanced Studies, University of the Western Cape, IRAP, Universidad de Cantabria, University of Padova, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Institut d 'Astrophysique de Paris, University of Milano, University of Toronto, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Université Paris-Sud, Université Pierre and Marie Curie, University of Ferrara, National Research Council of Italy, Cardiff University, California Institute of Technology, Sapienza University of Rome, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, University of Manchester, Imperial College London, European Space Astronomy Centre, Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, University of Oslo, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Simon Fraser University, University of Chicago, University of La Laguna, Stockholm University, Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Princeton University, Sun Yat-Sen University, University of Helsinki, Observatoire de Paris, Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, University College London, University of California Santa Barbara, University of Rome Tor Vergata, University of Nottingham, Haverford College, Universidade de São Paulo, Université Paris-Saclay, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Radboud University Nijmegen, Department of Applied Physics, University of British Columbia, European Space Research and Technology Centre, Università Degli Studi di Trieste, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Bologna, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of California San Diego, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: instruments [Space vehicles], cosmic background radiation, space vehicles: instruments, Cosmic background radiation, data analysis [Methods], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], methods: data analysis
Abstract: International audience; We present a final description of the data-processing pipeline for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI), implemented for the 2018 data release. Several improvements have been made with respect to the previous release, especially in the calibration process and in the correction of instrumental features such as the effects of nonlinearity in the response of the analogue-to-digital converters. We provide a brief pedagogical introduction to the complete pipeline, as well as a detailed description of the important changes implemented. Self-consistency of the pipeline is demonstrated using dedicated simulations and null tests. We present the final version of the LFI full sky maps at 30, 44, and 70 GHz, both in temperature and polarization, together with a refined estimate of the solar dipole and a final assessment of the main LFI instrumental parameters.
Published: 2020

12. Planck 2018 results: V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods

Author: Aghanim, N., Akrami, Yashar, Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J.-P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Carron, J., Casaponsa, B., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., De Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., Giraud-Héraud, Y., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, Serge, Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lilley, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y.-Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Millea, M., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Peiris, H. V., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Université Paris-Sud, École normale supérieure, University of Cambridge, Université Paul Sabatier, International School for Advanced Studies, University of the Western Cape, IRAP, Universidad de Cantabria, University of Padova, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Institut d 'Astrophysique de Paris, University of Milano, National Centre for Nuclear Research, California Institute of Technology, University of Toronto, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Université Pierre and Marie Curie, University of Ferrara, National Research Council of Italy, Cardiff University, University of Sussex, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules, Sapienza University of Rome, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, University of Manchester, The University of Tokyo, European Space Astronomy Centre, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, University of Oslo, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Princeton University, Simon Fraser University, University of La Laguna, United States Department of Energy, Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Oviedo, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sun Yat-Sen University, Imperial College London, University of Helsinki, CNRS, UMR7095, University of California Santa Barbara, University College London, University of Rome Tor Vergata, University of California Davis, Université Paris-Saclay, University of Nottingham, Technical University of Denmark, Haverford College, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Radboud University Nijmegen, Department of Applied Physics, University of British Columbia, European Space Research and Technology Centre, Università Degli Studi di Trieste, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Bologna, University of California San Diego, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Institut Lagrange de Paris, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Sorbonne Université (SU), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: cosmology: observations, Cosmological parameters, cosmic background radiation, cosmological parameters, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Cosmic background radiation, observations [Cosmology], data analysis [Methods], methods: data analysis
Abstract: International audience; We describe the legacy Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) likelihoods derived from the 2018 data release. The overall approach is similar in spirit to the one retained for the 2013 and 2015 data release, with a hybrid method using different approximations at low (ℓ < 30) and high (ℓ ≥ 30) multipoles, implementing several methodological and data-analysis refinements compared to previous releases. With more realistic simulations, and better correction and modelling of systematic effects, we can now make full use of the CMB polarization observed in the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) channels. The low-multipole EE cross-spectra from the 100 GHz and 143 GHz data give a constraint on the ΛCDM reionization optical-depth parameter τ to better than 15% (in combination with the TT low-ℓ data and the high-ℓ temperature and polarization data), tightening constraints on all parameters with posterior distributions correlated with τ. We also update the weaker constraint on τ from the joint TEB likelihood using the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) channels, which was used in 2015 as part of our baseline analysis. At higher multipoles, the CMB temperature spectrum and likelihood are very similar to previous releases. A better model of the temperature-to-polarization leakage and corrections for the effective calibrations of the polarization channels (i.e., the polarization efficiencies) allow us to make full use of polarization spectra, improving the ΛCDM constraints on the parameters θMC, ωc, ωb, and H0 by more than 30%, and ns by more than 20% compared to TT-only constraints. Extensive tests on the robustness of the modelling of the polarization data demonstrate good consistency, with some residual modelling uncertainties. At high multipoles, we are now limited mainly by the accuracy of the polarization efficiency modelling. Using our various tests, simulations, and comparison between different high-multipole likelihood implementations, we estimate the consistency of the results to be better than the 0.5 σ level on the ΛCDM parameters, as well as classical single-parameter extensions for the joint likelihood (to be compared to the 0.3 σ levels we achieved in 2015 for the temperature data alone on ΛCDM only). Minor curiosities already present in the previous releases remain, such as the differences between the best-fit ΛCDM parameters for the ℓ < 800 and ℓ > 800 ranges of the power spectrum, or the preference for more smoothing of the power-spectrum peaks than predicted in ΛCDM fits. These are shown to be driven by the temperature power spectrum and are not significantly modified by the inclusion of the polarization data. Overall, the legacy Planck CMB likelihoods provide a robust tool for constraining the cosmological model and represent a reference for future CMB observations.
Published: 2020

13. VII. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB

Author: Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J.-F., Casaponsa, B., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., de Bernardis, P., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J.-M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J.-M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Ma, Y.-Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M.-A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J.-L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Sirignano, C., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A.-S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J. P., Zonca, A., Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CentraleSupélec, University of Cologne, Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, ICRA and Physics Department, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Planck Collaboration
Subjects: polarization, methods: statistical, cosmology: observations, cosmic background radiation, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], methods: data analysis
Abstract: International audience; Analysis of the Planck 2018 data set indicates that the statistical properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies are in excellent agreement with previous studies using the 2013 and 2015 data releases. In particular, they are consistent with the Gaussian predictions of the ΛCDM cosmological model, yet also confirm the presence of several so-called “anomalies” on large angular scales. The novelty of the current study, however, lies in being a first attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the statistics of the polarization signal over all angular scales, using either maps of the Stokes parameters, Q and U, or the E-mode signal derived from these using a new methodology (which we describe in an appendix). Although remarkable progress has been made in reducing the systematic effects that contaminated the 2015 polarization maps on large angular scales, it is still the case that residual systematics (and our ability to simulate them) can limit some tests of non-Gaussianity and isotropy. However, a detailed set of null tests applied to the maps indicates that these issues do not dominate the analysis on intermediate and large angular scales (i.e., ℓ ≲ 400). In this regime, no unambiguous detections of cosmological non-Gaussianity, or of anomalies corresponding to those seen in temperature, are claimed. Notably, the stacking of CMB polarization signals centred on the positions of temperature hot and cold spots exhibits excellent agreement with the ΛCDM cosmological model, and also gives a clear indication of how Planck provides state-of-the-art measurements of CMB temperature and polarization on degree scales.
Published: 2020

14. Planck 2018 results: VII. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Casaponsa, B., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., de Bernardis, P., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Dor��, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., En��lin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., G��nova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., Gonz��lez-Nuevo, J., G��rski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keih��nen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., L��pez-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Mac��as-P��rez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Mart��nez-Gonz��lez, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Desch��nes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubi��o-Mart��n, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Sirignano, C., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J. P., Zonca, A., Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Planck, Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Cantabria, Akrami Y., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bock J.J., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Butler R.C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Casaponsa B., Chiang H.C., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Contreras D., Crill B.P., De Bernardis P., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis J.-M., Di Valentino E., Diego J.M., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Fantaye Y., Fernandez-Cobos R., Finelli F., Frailis M., Fraisse A.A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Hamann J., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Herranz D., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Le Jeune M., Levrier F., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Meinhold P.R., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Moneti A., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Natoli P., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Rosset C., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Savelainen M., Scott D., Shellard E.P.S., Sirignano C., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valenziano L., Valiviita J., Van Tent B., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., Zacchei A., Zibin J.P., Zonca A., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CentraleSupélec, University of Cologne, Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, ICRA and Physics Department, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: statistical [Methods], cosmological model, POWER SPECTRUM, Astronomy, Gaussian, Cosmic microwave background, cosmic background radiation: polarization, Astrophysics, Residual, Cosmic background radiation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, Polarization, Statistics, Stokes parameters, MICROWAVE, Anisotropy, observations [Cosmology], data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Methods: statistical, Physics, Cosmology: observations, Polarization (waves), symbols, astro-ph.CO, Methods: data analysis, COLD SPOTS, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, temperature: anisotropy, data analysis method, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), satellite: Planck, FOS: Physical sciences, anomaly, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, NO, symbols.namesake, statistical analysis, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, ESTIMATOR, Planck, DISCRETIZATION, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Isotropy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ANOMALOUS NATURE, 115 Astronomy, Space science, cosmic background radiation: temperature, INCOMPLETE-SKY, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmology: observations, Methods: data analysis, Methods: statistical, Polarization, NON-GAUSSIANITY, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Methods: data analysi
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., Analysis of the Planck 2018 data set indicates that the statistical properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies are in excellent agreement with previous studies using the 2013 and 2015 data releases. In particular, they are consistent with the Gaussian predictions of the ΛCDM cosmological model, yet also confirm the presence of several so-called “anomalies” on large angular scales. The novelty of the current study, however, lies in being a first attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the statistics of the polarization signal over all angular scales, using either maps of the Stokes parameters, Q and U, or the E-mode signal derived from these using a new methodology (which we describe in an appendix). Although remarkable progress has been made in reducing the systematic effects that contaminated the 2015 polarization maps on large angular scales, it is still the case that residual systematics (and our ability to simulate them) can limit some tests of non-Gaussianity and isotropy. However, a detailed set of null tests applied to the maps indicates that these issues do not dominate the analysis on intermediate and large angular scales (i.e., ℓ ≲ 400). In this regime, no unambiguous detections of cosmological non-Gaussianity, or of anomalies corresponding to those seen in temperature, are claimed. Notably, the stacking of CMB polarization signals centred on the positions of temperature hot and cold spots exhibits excellent agreement with the ΛCDM cosmological model, and also gives a clear indication of how Planck provides state-of-the-art measurements of CMB temperature and polarization on degree scales., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC andPRACE (EU).
Published: 2020

15. Planck 2018 results: I. Overview and the cosmological legacy of Planck

Author: Planck Collaboration, Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battye, R., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., BURIGANA, CARLO, Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Casaponsa, B., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., CUTTAIA, FRANCESCO, de Bernardis, P., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Désert, F. -X., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falgarone, E., Fantaye, Y., Fergusson, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., FINELLI, FABIO, Forastieri, F., FRAILIS, Marco, FRANCESCHI, ENRICO, Frolov, A., GALEOTTA, Samuele, Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., GRUPPUSO, ALESSANDRO, Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Helou, G., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Karakci, A., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Knox, L., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Langer, M., Lasenby, A., LATTANZI, Mario Gilberto, Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., Leahy, J. P., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lilley, M., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., MAGGIO, Gianmarco, Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., MARIS, Michele, Martin, P. G., Martinelli, M., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meerburg, P. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Millea, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., MORGANTE, GIANLUCA, Moss, A., Mottet, S., Münchmeyer, M., Natoli, P., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Oxborrow, C. A., Pagano, L., PAOLETTI, DANIELA, Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Pearson, T. J., Peel, M., Peiris, H. V., PERROTTA, Francesca, Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renault, C., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., SALVATI, LAURA, SANDRI, MAURA, Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Shiraishi, M., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., TAVAGNACCO , DANIELE, Tenti, M., TERENZI, LUCA, Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., VILLA, FABRIZIO, Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., White, M., White, S. D. M., ZACCHEI, Andrea, Zonca, A., Universidad de Cantabria, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut Lagrange de Paris, Sorbonne Universités, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble [2020-....] (IPAG [2020-....]), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [2020-....] (OSUG [2020-....]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CentraleSupélec, Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, ICRA and Physics Department, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. 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Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Challinor, Anthony [0000-0003-3479-7823], Fergusson, James [0000-0003-4820-171X], Handley, William [0000-0002-5866-0445], Lasenby, Anthony [0000-0002-8208-6332], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: Cosmic background radiation, Cosmology: observations, Cosmology: theory, Surveys, cosmological model, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmology: observations, Cosmology: theory, Surveys, Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, cosmic background radiation: polarization, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology: observation, redshift: low, RADIAÇÃO DE FUNDO, LENSING TOMOGRAPHY, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Polarization (waves), MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER, symbols, astro-ph.CO, power spectrum: angular dependence, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Structure formation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), COMPONENT SEPARATION, satellite: Planck, ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM, PARAMETER CONSTRAINTS, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Lambda-CDM model, MAIN GALAXY SAMPLE, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radio spectrum, microwaves, NO, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, theory [Cosmology], 0103 physical sciences, detector: pixel, Planck, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Redshift, cosmic background radiation: temperature, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, DARK ENERGY, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIZATION, BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., arXiv:1807.06205v2, The European Space Agency’s Planck satellite, which was dedicated to studying the early Universe and its subsequent evolution, was launched on 14 May 2009. It scanned the microwave and submillimetre sky continuously between 12 August 2009 and 23 October 2013, producing deep, high-resolution, all-sky maps in nine frequency bands from 30 to 857 GHz. This paper presents the cosmological legacy of Planck, which currently provides our strongest constraints on the parameters of the standard cosmological model and some of the tightest limits available on deviations from that model. The 6-parameter ΛCDM model continues to provide an excellent fit to the cosmic microwave background data at high and low redshift, describing the cosmological information in over a billion map pixels with just six parameters. With 18 peaks in the temperature and polarization angular power spectra constrained well, Planck measures five of the six parameters to better than 1% (simultaneously), with the best-determined parameter (θ*) now known to 0.03%. We describe the multi-component sky as seen by Planck, the success of the ΛCDM model, and the connection to lower-redshift probes of structure formation. We also give a comprehensive summary of the major changes introduced in this 2018 release. The Planck data, alone and in combination with other probes, provide stringent constraints on our models of the early Universe and the large-scale structure within which all astrophysical objects form and evolve. We discuss some lessons learned from the Planck mission, and highlight areas ripe for further experimental advances., The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2020

16. Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters

Author: M. López-Caniego, Richard A. Battye, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, J. Aumont, Charles R. Lawrence, P. Vielva, E. Martínez-González, François R. Bouchet, L. Montier, K. Ganga, Francesca Perrotta, Lloyd Knox, M. Le Jeune, Jan Hamann, E. Franceschi, M. Tenti, C. Combet, Torsten A. Enßlin, Andrea Zacchei, R. A. Sunyaev, J.-M. Delouis, J. F. Macías-Pérez, Tiziana Trombetti, Zhiqi Huang, Graca Rocha, L. Polastri, Alessandro Melchiorri, A. Mennella, Nabila Aghanim, Sabino Matarrese, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, N. Bartolo, Theodore Kisner, Peter Meinhold, L. Salvati, Jose M. Diego, K. Benabed, J.-P. Bernard, J. González-Nuevo, M. Ashdown, H. K. Eriksen, Erminia Calabrese, Olivier Doré, Serge Gratton, G. de Zotti, L. Vibert, J. R. Bond, Marzieh Farhang, Benjamin D. Wandelt, Julian Borrill, L. Toffolatti, F. Piacentini, Yin-Zhe Ma, Will Handley, S. Galeotta, A. Karakci, A. A. Fraisse, Anthony Lasenby, M. Sandri, X. Dupac, G. Sirri, Adam Moss, B. Ruiz-Granados, D. Contreras, A.-S. Suur-Uski, Mario G. Lattanzi, Ricardo Genova-Santos, Jean-François Cardoso, Marian Douspis, G. Polenta, E. Keihänen, A. J. Banday, M. Migliaccio, R. B. Barreiro, B. P. Crill, J. Valiviita, Yabebal Fantaye, B. Van Tent, Tuhin Ghosh, D. Tavagnacco, A. Renzi, Martin White, M. Bucher, Douglas Scott, Jörg P. Rachen, Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen, Jason D. McEwen, R. C. Butler, Locke D. Spencer, Nicola Vittorio, V. Lindholm, Fabrizio Villa, K. Kiiveri, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, Julien Lesgourgues, Hiranya V. Peiris, Reijo Keskitalo, Krzysztof M. Gorski, S. R. Hildebrandt, E. Di Valentino, A. Marcos-Caballero, G. Patanchon, P. de Bernardis, M. Lilley, Simon D. M. White, C. Sirignano, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, Francesco Forastieri, W. C. Jones, P. Lemos, François Levrier, E. Hivon, R. Fernandez-Cobos, Carlo Burigana, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, D. Herranz, Andrei V. Frolov, M. Tomasi, Marius Millea, J.-L. Puget, Paolo Natoli, James R. Fergusson, D. Paoletti, L. Pagano, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, Julien Carron, Luca Valenziano, F. K. Hansen, S. Dusini, Andrea Zonca, Bruce Partridge, Jens Chluba, S. Basak, H. C. Chiang, Alessandro Gruppuso, Marco Bersanelli, Peter G. Martin, Martin Kunz, Valeria Pettorino, Mathieu Remazeilles, Jacques Delabrouille, Jon E. Gudmundsson, J.-M. Lamarre, P. Bielewicz, F. Cuttaia, Franz Elsner, G. Roudier, S. Galli, Michele Liguori, Gianluca Morgante, A. Ducout, Fabio Finelli, James J. Bock, M. Reinecke, C. Rosset, Yashar Akrami, Anthony Challinor, Subhabrata Mitra, J. A. Tauber, Matteo Martinelli, M. Savelainen, N. Mauri, E. P. S. Shellard, Antony Lewis, Diego Molinari, G. Maggio, P. B. Lilje, Davide Maino, A. Mangilli, L. P. L. Colombo, Mario Ballardini, N. Mandolesi, Andrew H. Jaffe, Philip Lubin, J. Kim, M. Maris, Martina Gerbino, George Efstathiou, F. Boulanger, Guilaine Lagache, Challinor, Anthony [0000-0003-3479-7823], Fergusson, James [0000-0003-4820-171X], Handley, William [0000-0002-5866-0445], Lasenby, Anthony [0000-0002-8208-6332], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut Lagrange de Paris, Sorbonne Universités, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 725456, CMBSPEC)., Planck Collaboration, European Project: 616170,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,COSMOPARS(2014), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Sorbonne Université (SU), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Science and Technology Facilities Council, Universidad de Cantabria, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Aghanim N., Akrami Y., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Battye R., Benabed K., Bernard J.-P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bock J.J., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Butler R.C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Carron J., Challinor A., Chiang H.C., Chluba J., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Contreras D., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis J.-M., Di Valentino E., Diego J.M., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Dusini S., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Fantaye Y., Farhang M., Fergusson J., Fernandez-Cobos R., Finelli F., Forastieri F., Frailis M., Fraisse A.A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Hamann J., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Herranz D., Hildebrandt S.R., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Karakci A., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Kisner T.S., Knox L., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Le Jeune M., Lemos P., Lesgourgues J., Levrier F., Lewis A., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lilley M., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Lubin P.M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinelli M., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Meinhold P.R., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Millea M., Mitra S., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Natoli P., Norgaard-Nielsen H.U., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Patanchon G., Peiris H.V., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polastri L., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Rosset C., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Shellard E.P.S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Spencer L.D., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valenziano L., Valiviita J., Van Tent B., Vibert L., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., White M., White S.D.M., Zacchei A., and Zonca A.
Subjects: cosmological model, Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, INFLATIONARY PARADIGM, cosmic background radiation: polarization, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, baryon: oscillation: acoustic, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Omega, Cosmology, OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY, background: geometry, GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEY, neutrino: mass, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, matter: density, expansion: adiabatic, Physics, Spectral index, cosmological constant, Hubble constant, Settore FIS/05, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmological parameters, ACCURATE HALO-MODEL, statistical analysis: Bayesian, POWER-SPECTRUM, matter: fluctuation, tension, perturbation: scalar, Physical Sciences, symbols, astro-ph.CO, Neutrino, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Particle physics, data analysis method, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), satellite: Planck, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, cosmic background radiation: spectrum, dark matter: density, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, NO, symbols.namesake, power spectrum: scalar, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, gravitation: lens, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, Planck, cosmological parameters, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, baryon: density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, GROWTH-RATE, stability, 115 Astronomy, Space science, cosmic background radiation: temperature, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmological parameters, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS, Hubble's law, cosmic background radiation: anisotropy
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., arXiv:1807.06209v3, We present cosmological parameter results from the final full-mission Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies, combining information from the temperature and polarization maps and the lensing reconstruction. Compared to the 2015 results, improved measurements of large-scale polarization allow the reionization optical depth to be measured with higher precision, leading to significant gains in the precision of other correlated parameters. Improved modelling of the small-scale polarization leads to more robust constraints on many parameters, with residual modelling uncertainties estimated to affect them only at the 0.5σ level. We find good consistency with the standard spatially-flat 6-parameter ΛCDM cosmology having a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations (denoted “base ΛCDM” in this paper), from polarization, temperature, and lensing, separately and in combination. A combined analysis gives dark matter density Ωch2 = 0.120 ± 0.001, baryon density Ωbh2 = 0.0224 ± 0.0001, scalar spectral index ns = 0.965 ± 0.004, and optical depth τ = 0.054 ± 0.007 (in this abstract we quote 68% confidence regions on measured parameters and 95% on upper limits). The angular acoustic scale is measured to 0.03% precision, with 100θ* = 1.0411 ± 0.0003. These results are only weakly dependent on the cosmological model and remain stable, with somewhat increased errors, in many commonly considered extensions. Assuming the base-ΛCDM cosmology, the inferred (model-dependent) late-Universe parameters are: Hubble constant H0 = (67.4 ± 0.5) km s−1 Mpc−1; matter density parameter Ωm = 0.315 ± 0.007; and matter fluctuation amplitude σ8 = 0.811 ± 0.006. We find no compelling evidence for extensions to the base-ΛCDM model. Combining with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements (and considering single-parameter extensions) we constrain the effective extra relativistic degrees of freedom to be Neff = 2.99 ± 0.17, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction Neff = 3.046, and find that the neutrino mass is tightly constrained to ∑mν < 0.12 eV. The CMB spectra continue to prefer higher lensing amplitudes than predicted in base ΛCDM at over 2σ, which pulls some parameters that affect the lensing amplitude away from the ΛCDM model; however, this is not supported by the lensing reconstruction or (in models that also change the background geometry) BAO data. The joint constraint with BAO measurements on spatial curvature is consistent with a flat universe, ΩK = 0.001 ± 0.002. Also combining with Type Ia supernovae (SNe), the dark-energy equation of state parameter is measured to be w0 = −1.03 ± 0.03, consistent with a cosmological constant. We find no evidence for deviations from a purely power-law primordial spectrum, and combining with data from BAO, BICEP2, and Keck Array data, we place a limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r0.002 < 0.06. Standard big-bang nucleosynthesis predictions for the helium and deuterium abundances for the base-ΛCDM cosmology are in excellent agreement with observations. The Planck base-ΛCDM results are in good agreement with BAO, SNe, and some galaxy lensing observations, but in slight tension with the Dark Energy Survey’s combined-probe results including galaxy clustering (which prefers lower fluctuation amplitudes or matter density parameters), and in significant, 3.6σ, tension with local measurements of the Hubble constant (which prefer a higher value). Simple model extensions that can partially resolve these tensions are not favoured by the Planck data., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2020

17. Planck 2018 results: V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods

Author: Francesca Perrotta, A. A. Fraisse, Torsten A. Enßlin, A. J. Banday, M. Sandri, Yabebal Fantaye, L. Toffolatti, Serge Gratton, Jean-François Cardoso, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, Martin Kunz, Mathieu Remazeilles, Yin-Zhe Ma, G. de Zotti, E. Martínez-González, Anthony Lasenby, E. Keihänen, Jon E. Gudmundsson, N. Mandolesi, Andrew H. Jaffe, J.-L. Puget, Philip Lubin, J. Kim, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, M. Lilley, Charles R. Lawrence, M. Le Jeune, François R. Bouchet, F. K. Hansen, Krzysztof M. Gorski, E. Di Valentino, L. Montier, Mario G. Lattanzi, A. Moneti, Erminia Calabrese, Andrea Zacchei, B. P. Crill, N. Bartolo, B. Van Tent, Locke D. Spencer, E. Franceschi, Ted Kisner, M. Maris, Martina Gerbino, D. Herranz, A. Marcos-Caballero, N. Mauri, Adam Moss, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, M. Tomasi, Sabino Matarrese, Davide Maino, Nicola Vittorio, V. Lindholm, Ricardo Genova-Santos, Reijo Keskitalo, C. Sirignano, Zhiqi Huang, P. Bielewicz, Jörg P. Rachen, Julien Carron, Y. Giraud-Héraud, X. Dupac, K. Ganga, D. Tavagnacco, Tuhin Ghosh, L. Pagano, S. Galeotta, Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen, L. Salvati, Marco Bersanelli, B. Partridge, Jose M. Diego, M. Reinecke, A. Renzi, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, Benjamin D. Wandelt, Julian Borrill, Will Handley, S. Basak, Andrei V. Frolov, Marian Douspis, Rashid Sunyaev, G. Sirri, F. Piacentini, S. Dusini, Andrea Zonca, H. C. Chiang, S. Galli, Guillaume Patanchon, M. Migliaccio, Jan Hamann, P. B. Lilje, M. Bucher, O. Doré, Paolo Natoli, Douglas Scott, R. Fernandez-Cobos, F. Cuttaia, Hiranya V. Peiris, M. Tenti, James J. Bock, Peter G. Martin, Valeria Pettorino, Gianluca Morgante, Tiziana Trombetti, Jacques Delabrouille, E. P. S. Shellard, R. B. Barreiro, Alessandro Melchiorri, Antony Lewis, R. C. Butler, K. Kiiveri, J. F. Macías-Pérez, C. Combet, Fabio Finelli, Diego Molinari, G. Maggio, A. Mangilli, Graca Rocha, Fabrizio Villa, J.-P. Bernard, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, W. C. Jones, Nabila Aghanim, François Levrier, L. P. L. Colombo, Marius Millea, Eric Hivon, Mario Ballardini, D. Paoletti, Franz Elsner, George Efstathiou, C. Rosset, G. Roudier, Alessandro Gruppuso, Michele Liguori, A. Mennella, Yashar Akrami, Anthony Challinor, J.-M. Lamarre, A. Ducout, J. A. Tauber, M. Savelainen, F. Boulanger, P. Vielva, Guilaine Lagache, M. López-Caniego, P. de Bernardis, B. Casaponsa, B. Ruiz-Granados, A.-S. Suur-Uski, J. Valiviita, J. Aumont, J.-M. Delouis, M. Ashdown, H. K. Eriksen, G. Polenta, Peter Meinhold, J. González-Nuevo, K. Benabed, J. R. Bond, A. De Rosa, Jason D. McEwen, Carlo Burigana, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Université de Brest (UBO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut Lagrange de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Universidad de Cantabria, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Sorbonne Université (SU), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Manchester [Manchester], University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Aghanim N., Akrami Y., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bernard J.-P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bock J.J., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Butler R.C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Carron J., Casaponsa B., Challinor A., Chiang H.C., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Rosa A., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis J.-M., Di Valentino E., Diego J.M., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Dusini S., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Fantaye Y., Fernandez-Cobos R., Finelli F., Frailis M., Fraisse A.A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Giraud-Heraud Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Hamann J., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Herranz D., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Kisner T.S., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Le Jeune M., Levrier F., Lewis A., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lilley M., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Lubin P.M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Meinhold P.R., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Millea M., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Moneti A., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Natoli P., Norgaard-Nielsen H.U., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Patanchon G., Peiris H.V., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Rosset C., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Shellard E.P.S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Spencer L.D., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valiviita J., Van Tent B., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., Zacchei A., Zonca A., Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, and European Space Agency
Subjects: Cosmological parameter, POLARIZATION, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmological parameters, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Residual, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmology: observation, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spectral line, NO, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Methods: data analysis, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, Cosmology: observations, Statistical physics, MICROWAVE, Planck, observations [Cosmology], data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Reionization, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmological parameters, Cosmology: observations, Methods: data analysis, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Polarization (waves), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, symbols, astro-ph.CO, SKY, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Smoothing, APPROXIMATION, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., We describe the legacy Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) likelihoods derived from the 2018 data release. The overall approach is similar in spirit to the one retained for the 2013 and 2015 data release, with a hybrid method using different approximations at low (ℓ < 30) and high (ℓ ≥ 30) multipoles, implementing several methodological and data-analysis refinements compared to previous releases. With more realistic simulations, and better correction and modelling of systematic effects, we can now make full use of the CMB polarization observed in the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) channels. The low-multipole EE cross-spectra from the 100 GHz and 143 GHz data give a constraint on the ΛCDM reionization optical-depth parameter τ to better than 15% (in combination with the TT low-ℓ data and the high-ℓ temperature and polarization data), tightening constraints on all parameters with posterior distributions correlated with τ. We also update the weaker constraint on τ from the joint TEB likelihood using the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) channels, which was used in 2015 as part of our baseline analysis. At higher multipoles, the CMB temperature spectrum and likelihood are very similar to previous releases. A better model of the temperature-to-polarization leakage and corrections for the effective calibrations of the polarization channels (i.e., the polarization efficiencies) allow us to make full use of polarization spectra, improving the ΛCDM constraints on the parameters θMC, ωc, ωb, and H0 by more than 30%, and ns by more than 20% compared to TT-only constraints. Extensive tests on the robustness of the modelling of the polarization data demonstrate good consistency, with some residual modelling uncertainties. At high multipoles, we are now limited mainly by the accuracy of the polarization efficiency modelling. Using our various tests, simulations, and comparison between different high-multipole likelihood implementations, we estimate the consistency of the results to be better than the 0.5 σ level on the ΛCDM parameters, as well as classical single-parameter extensions for the joint likelihood (to be compared to the 0.3 σ levels we achieved in 2015 for the temperature data alone on ΛCDM only). Minor curiosities already present in the previous releases remain, such as the differences between the best-fit ΛCDM parameters for the ℓ < 800 and ℓ > 800 ranges of the power spectrum, or the preference for more smoothing of the power-spectrum peaks than predicted in ΛCDM fits. These are shown to be driven by the temperature power spectrum and are not significantly modified by the inclusion of the polarization data. Overall, the legacy Planck CMB likelihoods provide a robust tool for constraining the cosmological model and represent a reference for future CMB observations., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2020

18. Planck 2018 results. VIII. Gravitational lensing

Author: Charles R. Lawrence, L. Pagano, Andrea Zacchei, J. B. Kim, K. Benabed, E. Martínez-González, Francesco Forastieri, M. Migliaccio, Martin White, M. Bucher, J. R. Bond, B. Ruiz-Granados, Andrea Zonca, N. Mauri, J. J. Bock, Douglas Scott, Davide Maino, H. C. Chiang, Yashar Akrami, Anthony Challinor, M. Tenti, Michele Maris, J. A. Tauber, M. Savelainen, O. Doré, K. Ganga, P. Bielewicz, Tiziana Trombetti, Jose M. Diego, Jean-François Cardoso, Francesca Perrotta, J. Aumont, Torsten A. Enßlin, M. Ashdown, H. K. Eriksen, X. Dupac, P. B. Lilje, Krzysztof M. Gorski, A. Marcos-Caballero, M. Reinecke, A. Mennella, Nabila Aghanim, R. A. Sunyaev, Julien Carron, Paolo Natoli, Franz Elsner, L. Montier, A. Mangilli, F. Cuttaia, Martin Kunz, Mathieu Remazeilles, R. B. Barreiro, F. Piacentini, G. Roudier, J.-L. Puget, K. Kiiveri, Guilaine Lagache, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, L. Salvati, J. F. Macías-Pérez, Jon E. Gudmundsson, Yin-Zhe Ma, Jason D. McEwen, Zhiqi Huang, M. López-Caniego, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, L. P. L. Colombo, Martina Gerbino, G. Polenta, A. Moneti, F. K. Hansen, S. Galli, Soumen Basak, Mario Ballardini, Graca Rocha, J.-P. Bernard, Carlo Burigana, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Chiara Sirignano, Sabino Matarrese, G. de Zotti, A. Renzi, C. Combet, Benjamin D. Wandelt, Julian Borrill, George Efstathiou, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, Andrei V. Frolov, Jörg P. Rachen, Antony Lewis, Valeria Pettorino, François Levrier, E. Hivon, Will Handley, E. Di Valentino, Jacques Delabrouille, N. Mandolesi, Gianluca Morgante, Andrew H. Jaffe, Philip Lubin, Ingunn Kathrine Wehus, Diego Molinari, L. Toffolatti, A. J. Banday, Fabio Finelli, Massimiliano Lattanzi, Tuhin Ghosh, P. de Bernardis, R. Fernandez-Cobos, Aurelien A. Fraisse, B. P. Crill, B. Van Tent, P. Vielva, Erminia Calabrese, C. Rosset, Michele Liguori, Fabrizio Villa, Anthony Lasenby, Adam Moss, Ricardo Genova-Santos, E. Keihänen, E. Franceschi, Yabebal Fantaye, D. Tavagnacco, Nicola Bartolo, Marian Douspis, Nicola Vittorio, A. Karakci, W. C. Jones, A.-S. Suur-Uski, V. Lindholm, J. Valiviita, Peter G. Martin, S. Galeotta, Alessandro Gruppuso, J. González-Nuevo, J.-M. Lamarre, B. Partridge, A. Ducout, D. Paoletti, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, Steven Gratton, Lloyd Knox, L. Polastri, Alessandro Melchiorri, Reijo Keskitalo, M. Tomasi, Marco Bersanelli, Jan Hamann, Simon D. M. White, M. Sandri, Gianmarco Maggio, G. Patanchon, D. Herranz, M. Le Jeune, F. Boulanger, François R. Bouchet, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Universidad de Cantabria, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), ICRA and Physics Department, Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), University of Manchester [Manchester], Venetian Institute Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, European Project: 616170,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,COSMOPARS(2014), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Aghanim N., Akrami Y., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bernard J.-P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bock J.J., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Carron J., Challinor A., Chiang H.C., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Di Valentino E., Diego J.M., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Fantaye Y., Fernandez-Cobos R., Finelli F., Forastieri F., Frailis M., Fraisse A.A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Hamann J., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Herranz D., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Karakci A., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Knox L., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Le Jeune M., Levrier F., Lewis A., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Lubin P.M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Moneti A., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Natoli P., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Patanchon G., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polastri L., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Rosset C., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Sirignano C., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valiviita J., Van Tent B., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., White M., White S.D.M., Zacchei A., Zonca A., Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Cosmological parameter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Large-scale structure of Universe, Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmological parameters, Cosmic background radiation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology: observation, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, NO, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, HALO-MODEL, Cosmic background radiation, Cosmological parameters, Cosmology: observations, Gravitational lensing: weak, Large-scale structure of Universe, Gravitational lensing: weak, Cosmic infrared background, 0103 physical sciences, Cosmology: observations, Planck, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, Settore FIS/05, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, POWER SPECTRA, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Redshift, GALAXIES, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, CROSS-CORRELATION, Dark energy, symbols, astro-ph.CO, DARK ENERGY, weak [Gravitational lensing], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., arXiv:1807.06210v2, We present measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing potential using the final Planck 2018 temperature and polarization data. Using polarization maps filtered to account for the noise anisotropy, we increase the significance of the detection of lensing in the polarization maps from 5σ to 9σ. Combined with temperature, lensing is detected at 40σ. We present an extensive set of tests of the robustness of the lensing-potential power spectrum, and construct a minimum-variance estimator likelihood over lensing multipoles 8 ≤ L ≤ 400 (extending the range to lower L compared to 2015), which we use to constrain cosmological parameters. We find good consistency between lensing constraints and the results from the Planck CMB power spectra within the ΛCDM model. Combined with baryon density and other weak priors, the lensing analysis alone constrains σ8Ωm0.25 = 0.589 ± 0.020 (1σ errors). Also combining with baryon acoustic oscillation data, we find tight individual parameter constraints, σ8 = 0.811 ± 0.019, H0 = 67.9−1.3+1.2 km s−1 Mpc−1, and Ωm = 0.303−0.018+0.016. Combining with Planck CMB power spectrum data, we measure σ8 to better than 1% precision, finding σ8 = 0.811 ± 0.006. CMB lensing reconstruction data are complementary to galaxy lensing data at lower redshift, having a different degeneracy direction in σ8 − Ωm space; we find consistency with the lensing results from the Dark Energy Survey, and give combined lensing-only parameter constraints that are tighter than joint results using galaxy clustering. Using the Planck cosmic infrared background (CIB) maps as an additional tracer of high-redshift matter, we make a combined Planck-only estimate of the lensing potential over 60% of the sky with considerably more small-scale signal. We additionally demonstrate delensing of the Planck power spectra using the joint and individual lensing potential estimates, detecting a maximum removal of 40% of the lensing-induced power in all spectra. The improvement in the sharpening of the acoustic peaks by including both CIB and the quadratic lensing reconstruction is detected at high significance., Support is acknowledged from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. [616170], and from the Science and Technology Facilities Council [grant numbers ST/L000652/1 and ST/N000927/1, respectively]. The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2018

19. Planck 2018 results. IV. Diffuse component separation

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Le Jeune, M., McEwen, J. D., Salvati, L., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Sandri, M., Meinhold, P. R., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Savelainen, M., Molinari, D., Bersanelli, M., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Natoli, P., Oppizzi, F., Pagano, L., PAOLETTI, DANIELA, Partridge, B., Scott, D., Peel, M., Pettorino, V., Bielewicz, P., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Seljebotn, D. S., Rocha, G., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Bond, J. R., Ruiz-Granados, B., Sirignano, C., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Borrill, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Thommesen, H., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., VILLA, FABRIZIO, Finelli, F., Bouchet, F. R., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., ZACCHEI, Andrea, Zonca, A., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., BURIGANA, CARLO, Calabrese, E., Forastieri, F., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Casaponsa, B., Challinor, A., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Crill, B. P., CUTTAIA, FRANCESCO, de Bernardis, P., De Rosa, A., Frailis, M., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Fraisse, A. A., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falgarone, E., FRANCESCHI, ENRICO, Frolov, A., GALEOTTA, Samuele, Galli, S., Ganga, K., Martínez-González, E., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., GRUPPUSO, ALESSANDRO, Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Matarrese, S., Helou, G., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Karakci, A., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Mauri, N., Kisner, T. S., Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Universidad de Cantabria, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Akrami Y., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Carron J., Casaponsa B., Challinor A., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Rosa A., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis J.-M., Di Valentino E., Dickinson C., Diego J.M., Donzelli S., Dore O., Ducout A., Dupac X., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Falgarone E., Fernandez-Cobos R., Finelli F., Forastieri F., Frailis M., Fraisse A.A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Helou G., Herranz D., Hildebrandt S.R., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Karakci A., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Kisner T.S., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Le Jeune M., Levrier F., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Lubin P.M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Meinhold P.R., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Moneti A., Montier L., Morgante G., Natoli P., Oppizzi F., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Peel M., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Seljebotn D.S., Sirignano C., Spencer L.D., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Thommesen H., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valiviita J., Van Tent B., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., Zacchei A., Zonca A., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, ICRA and Physics Department, Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Manchester [Manchester], Venetian Institute Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck Collaboration, European Project: 687312,H2020,H2020-COMPET-2015,RADIOFOREGROUNDS(2016), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Applied Physics, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Diffuse radiation, POWER SPECTRUM, Astronomy, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, CMB, Cosmic background radiation, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology: observation, Difuse radiation, law.invention, law, GHZ, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, Data processing, Spectral index, general [ISM], Settore FIS/05, VARIANCE, GALÁXIAS, Polarization (waves), Synchrotron, Component separation, symbols, astro-ph.CO, MAP, ISM: general, cosmology: observations, diffuse radiation, Galaxy: general, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, cosmic microwave background, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic background radiation, Cosmology: observations, Diffuse radiation, Galaxy: general, ISM: general, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, NO, symbols.namesake, TEMPLATE, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Planck, general [Galaxy], polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FULL-SKY, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Cosmology: observations, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., arXiv:1807.06208v2, We present full-sky maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and polarized synchrotron and thermal dust emission, derived from the third set of Planck frequency maps. These products have significantly lower contamination from instrumental systematic effects than previous versions. The methodologies used to derive these maps follow closely those described in earlier papers, adopting four methods (Commander, NILC, SEVEM, and SMICA) to extract the CMB component, as well as three methods (Commander, GNILC, and SMICA) to extract astrophysical components. Our revised CMB temperature maps agree with corresponding products in the Planck 2015 delivery, whereas the polarization maps exhibit significantly lower large-scale power, reflecting the improved data processing described in companion papers; however, the noise properties of the resulting data products are complicated, and the best available end-to-end simulations exhibit relative biases with respect to the data at the few percent level. Using these maps, we are for the first time able to fit the spectral index of thermal dust independently over 3° regions. We derive a conservative estimate of the mean spectral index of polarized thermal dust emission of βd = 1.55 ± 0.05, where the uncertainty marginalizes both over all known systematic uncertainties and different estimation techniques. For polarized synchrotron emission, we find a mean spectral index of βs = −3.1 ± 0.1, consistent with previously reported measurements. We note that the current data processing does not allow for construction of unbiased single-bolometer maps, and this limits our ability to extract CO emission and correlated components. The foreground results for intensity derived in this paper therefore do not supersede corresponding Planck 2015 products. For polarization the new results supersede the corresponding 2015 products in all respects., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2018

20. Planck 2018 results. II. Low Frequency Instrument data processing

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Arg��eso, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Colombo, L. P. L., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Di Valentino, E., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., En��lin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., G��nova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., Gonz��lez-Nuevo, J., G��rski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Karakci, A., Keih��nen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Leahy, J. P., Levrier, F., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., L��pez-Caniego, M., Ma, Y. -Z., Mac��as-P��rez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Mart��nez-Gonz��lez, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Molinari, D., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Patrizii, L., Peel, M., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Racine, B., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Roudier, G., Rubi��o-Mart��n, J. A., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Seljebotn, D. S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Vansyngel, F., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Watson, R., Wehus, I. K., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Astrophysique, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Patrimoine, Littérature, Histoire (PLH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CentraleSupélec, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universidade Aberta [Lisboa], Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratory for Phytosanitary Diagnostics and Forecasts, All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), ICRA and Physics Department, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Manchester [Manchester], Venetian Institute Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of British Columbia (UBC), Laboratoire de neurobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire (NBCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Psychology, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Planck Collaboration, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Planck, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Research Council, European Space Agency, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Universidad de Cantabria, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2020-....] (Grenoble INP [2020-....]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2020-....] (UGA [2020-....]), Akrami Y., Argueso F., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bernard J.-P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bonavera L., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Butler R.C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Colombo L.P.L., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Rosa A., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Di Valentino E., Dickinson C., Diego J.M., Donzelli S., Ducout A., Dupac X., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Fantaye Y., Finelli F., Frailis M., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Herranz D., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Karakci A., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Kisner T.S., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Leahy J.P., Levrier F., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Meinhold P.R., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Molinari D., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Natoli P., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Patanchon G., Patrizii L., Peel M., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Racine B., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Seljebotn D.S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Spencer L.D., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Terenzi L., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valiviita J., Vansyngel F., Van Tent B., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Watson R., Wehus I.K., Zacchei A., and Zonca A.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), COMPONENT SEPARATION, POWER SPECTRUM, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, cosmic background radiation, Cosmic background radiation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, NO, instruments [Space vehicles], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Cosmic background radiation, Methods: data analysis, Space vehicles: instruments, 0103 physical sciences, space vehicles: instruments, MICROWAVE, data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ANÁLISE DE DADOS, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/05, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, methods: data analysis, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Methods: data analysi, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., arXiv:1807.06206v2, We present a final description of the data-processing pipeline for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI), implemented for the 2018 data release. Several improvements have been made with respect to the previous release, especially in the calibration process and in the correction of instrumental features such as the effects of nonlinearity in the response of the analogue-to-digital converters. We provide a brief pedagogical introduction to the complete pipeline, as well as a detailed description of the important changes implemented. Self-consistency of the pipeline is demonstrated using dedicated simulations and null tests. We present the final version of the LFI full sky maps at 30, 44, and 70 GHz, both in temperature and polarization, together with a refined estimate of the solar dipole and a final assessment of the main LFI instrumental parameters., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2018

21. Planck 2018 results. X. Constraints on inflation

Author: Planck Collaboration, Akrami, Y., Arroja, F., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Benabed, K., Bernard, J. -P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J. -F., Carron, J., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., de Bernardis, P., de Zotti, G., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. -M., Di Valentino, E., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Fergusson, J., Fernandez-Cobos, R., Finelli, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gauthier, C., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hivon, E., Hooper, D. C., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. -M., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. Le, Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., Liguori, M., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lpez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Ma, Y. -Z., Macías-Pérez, J. F., Maggio, G., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mangilli, A., Marcos-Caballero, A., Maris, M., Martin, P. G., Martínez-González, E., Matarrese, S., Mauri, N., McEwen, J. D., Meerburg, P. D., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Mennella, A., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Miville-Deschênes, M. -A., Molinari, D., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Morgante, G., Moss, A., Münchmeyer, M., Natoli, P., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Patanchon, G., Peiris, H. V., Perrotta, F., Pettorino, V., Piacentini, F., Polastri, L., Polenta, G., Puget, J. -L., Rachen, J. P., Reinecke, M., Remazeilles, M., Renzi, A., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Roudier, G., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Ruiz-Granados, B., Salvati, L., Sandri, M., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Shellard, E. P. S., Shiraishi, M., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Spencer, L. D., Sunyaev, R., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tauber, J. A., Tavagnacco, D., Tenti, M., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Trombetti, T., Valiviita, J., Van Tent, B., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wandelt, B. D., Wehus, I. K., White, S. D. M., Zacchei, A., Zibin, J. P., Zonca, A., Universidad de Cantabria, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - 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Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, European Research Council, European Space Agency, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Akrami Y., Arroja F., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A.J., Barreiro R.B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Benabed K., Bernard J.-P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bock J.J., Bond J.R., Borrill J., Bouchet F.R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Butler R.C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J.-F., Carron J., Challinor A., Chiang H.C., Colombo L.P.L., Combet C., Contreras D., Crill B.P., Cuttaia F., De Bernardis P., De Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis J.-M., Di Valentino E., Diego J.M., Donzelli S., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Dusini S., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T.A., Eriksen H.K., Fantaye Y., Fergusson J., Fernandez-Cobos R., Finelli F., Forastieri F., Frailis M., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Gauthier C., Genova-Santos R.T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K.M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J.E., Hamann J., Handley W., Hansen F.K., Herranz D., Hivon E., Hooper D.C., Huang Z., Jaffe A.H., Jones W.C., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Kisner T.S., Krachmalnicoff N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J.-M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C.R., Le Jeune M., Lesgourgues J., Levrier F., Lewis A., Liguori M., Lilje P.B., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Lubin P.M., Ma Y.-Z., Macias-Perez J.F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin P.G., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J.D., Meerburg P.D., Meinhold P.R., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Mitra S., Miville-Deschenes M.-A., Molinari D., Moneti A., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Munchmeyer M., Natoli P., Norgaard-Nielsen H.U., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Patanchon G., Peiris H.V., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polastri L., Polenta G., Puget J.-L., Rachen J.P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Rosset C., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J.A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Shellard E.P.S., Shiraishi M., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Spencer L.D., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A.-S., Tauber J.A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valiviita J., Van Tent B., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B.D., Wehus I.K., White S.D.M., Zacchei A., Zibin J.P., Zonca A., and ITA
Subjects: cosmological model, inflaton: potential, Astronomy, cosmic background radiation: polarization, cosmic background radiation, Cosmic background radiation, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, expansion: multipole, Cosmic background radiation - Inflation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Settore FIS/05, slow-roll approximation, Cosmic background radiation, Inflation, BICEP, inflation: model, perturbation: scalar, DENSITY PERTURBATIONS, scale dependence, astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, temperature: anisotropy, satellite: Planck, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), NATURAL INFLATION, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, NO, power spectrum: primordial, power spectrum: scalar, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, gravitation: lens, 0103 physical sciences, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE, inflation, UNIVERSE SCENARIO, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ISOCURVATURE PERTURBATIONS, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, fluctuation: primordial, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Inflation, boundary condition, bispectrum, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, gravitation, PHASE-TRANSITION, PRE-BIG-BANG, BAYESIAN-INFERENCE, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS, cosmic background radiation: anisotropy
Abstract: Planck Collaboration: et al., We report on the implications for cosmic inflation of the 2018 release of the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy measurements. The results are fully consistent with those reported using the data from the two previous Planck cosmological releases, but have smaller uncertainties thanks to improvements in the characterization of polarization at low and high multipoles. Planck temperature, polarization, and lensing data determine the spectral index of scalar perturbations to be ns = 0.9649 ± 0.0042 at 68% CL. We find no evidence for a scale dependence of ns, either as a running or as a running of the running. The Universe is found to be consistent with spatial flatness with a precision of 0.4% at 95% CL by combining Planck with a compilation of baryon acoustic oscillation data. The Planck 95% CL upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r0.002 < 0.10, is further tightened by combining with the BICEP2/Keck Array BK15 data to obtain r0.002 < 0.056. In the framework of standard single-field inflationary models with Einstein gravity, these results imply that: (a) the predictions of slow-roll models with a concave potential, V″(ϕ) < 0, are increasingly favoured by the data; and (b) based on two different methods for reconstructing the inflaton potential, we find no evidence for dynamics beyond slow roll. Three different methods for the non-parametric reconstruction of the primordial power spectrum consistently confirm a pure power law in the range of comoving scales 0.005 Mpc−1 ≲ k ≲ 0.2 Mpc−1. A complementary analysis also finds no evidence for theoretically motivated parameterized features in the Planck power spectra. For the case of oscillatory features that are logarithmic or linear in k, this result is further strengthened by a new combined analysis including the Planck bispectrum data. The new Planck polarization data provide a stringent test of the adiabaticity of the initial conditions for the cosmological fluctuations. In correlated, mixed adiabatic and isocurvature models, the non-adiabatic contribution to the observed CMB temperature variance is constrained to 1.3%, 1.7%, and 1.7% at 95% CL for cold dark matter, neutrino density, and neutrino velocity, respectively. Planck power spectra plus lensing set constraints on the amplitude of compensated cold dark matter-baryon isocurvature perturbations that are consistent with current complementary measurements. The polarization data also provide improved constraints on inflationary models that predict a small statistically anisotropic quadupolar modulation of the primordial fluctuations. However, the polarization data do not support physical models for a scale-dependent dipolar modulation. All these findings support the key predictions of the standard single-field inflationary models, which will be further tested by future cosmological observations., The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA, and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU).
Published: 2018
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22. PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission): an extended white paper

Author: Collaboration, PRISM, André, P, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, A, Barbosa, D, Barreiro, B, Bartlett, J, Bartolo, N, Battistelli, E, Battye, R, Bendo, G, Benoît, A, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Béthermin, M, Bielewicz, P, Bonaldi, A, Bouchet, FC, Boulanger, FC, Brand, J, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Cai, ZY, Camus, P, Casas, F, Casasola, V, Castex, G, Challinor, A, Chluba, J, Chon, G, Colafrancesco, S, Comis, B, Cuttaia, F, D'Alessandro, G, Silva, AD, Davis, R, Avillez, MD, Bernardis, PD, Petris, MD, Rosa, AD, Zotti, GD, Delabrouille, J, Désert, FCX, Dickinson, C, Diego, JM, Dunkley, J, Enßlin, T, Errard, J, Falgarone, E, Ferreira, P, Ferrière, K, Finelli, F, Fletcher, A, Fosalba, P, Fuller, G, Galli, S, Ganga, K, García-Bellido, J, Ghribi, A, Giard, M, Giraud-Héraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Grainge, K, Gruppuso, A, Hall, A, Hamilton, JC, Haverkorn, M, Hernandez-Monte-agudo, C, Herranz, D, Jackson, M, Jaffe, A, Khatri, R, Kunz, M, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Leahy, P, Lesgourgues, J, Liguori, M, Liuzzo, E, Lopez-Caniego, M, Macias-Perez, J, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mangilli, A, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Martins, C, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, JB, Mennella, A, Mignano, A, Miville-Deschênes, MA, Monfardini, A, Murphy, A, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Negrello, M, Noviello, F, O'Sullivan, C, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Paladino, R, Palanque-Delabrouille, N, Paoletti, D, Peiris, H, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Polenta, G, Pollo, A, Ponthieu, N, Remazeilles, M, Ricciardi, S, Roman, M, Rosset, C, Rubino-Martin, JA, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Shellard, P, Silk, J, Starobinsky, A, Stompor, R, Sunyaev, R, Tartari, A, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Trappe, N, Tristram, M, Trombetti, T, Tucci, M, Weijgaert, RVD, Tent, BV, Verde, L, Vielva, P, Wandelt, B, Watson, R, Withington, S, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), INFN, Sezione di Padova, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Istituto di Radioastronomia [Bologna] (IRA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), ASI-ASDC, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Fisica Teorica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Departement de Physique Théorique [Genève], Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), ICRA and Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique Théorique (LAPTH), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CSIRO Materials Sciences and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomy, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (HELFA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cryogénie (Cryo), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Philippe, A, Baccigalupi, C, Anthony, B, Domingos, B, Barreiro, B, James, B, Bartolo, N, Stefano Battistelli, E, Battye, R, Bendo, G, Benoit, A, Bernard, J, Bersanelli, M, Bethermin, M, Pawel, B, Bonaldi, A, Francois, B, Jan, B, Martin, B, Burigana, C, Cai, Z, Philippe, C, Casas, F, Casasola, V, Guillaume, C, Anthony, C, Jens, C, Chon, G, Colafrancesco, S, Comis, B, Cuttaia, F, D'Alessandro, G, Da Silva, A, Davis, R, Avillez Miguel, D, Bernardis, P, De Bernardis, P, De Petris, M, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Jacques, D, Desert, F, Dickinson, C, Maria Diego, J, Dunkley, J, Ensslin, T, Errard, J, Falgarone, E, Ferreira, P, Ferriere, K, Finelli, F, Andrew, F, Fosalba, P, Gary, F, Galli, S, Ken, G, Juan, G, Ghribi, A, Martin, G, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Keith, G, Gruppuso, A, Alex, H, Hamilton, J, Haverkorn, M, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Mark, J, Andrew, J, Khatri, R, Martin, K, Lamagna, L, Lattanzi, M, Leahy, P, Julien, L, Liguori, M, Liuzzo, E, Marcos, L, Juan, M, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mangilli, A, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Martins, C, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J, Mennella, A, Mignano, A, Miville-Deschenes, M, Monfardini, A, Anthony, M, Pavel, N, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Negrello, M, Noviello, F, O'Sullivan, C, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Paladino, R, Nathalie, P, Paoletti, D, Peiris, H, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Polenta, G, Pollo, A, Nicolas, P, Mathieu, R, Ricciardi, S, Roman, M, Rosset, C, Rubino-Martin, J, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Paul, S, Silk, J, Starobinsky, A, Stompor, R, Rashid, S, Tartari, A, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Neil, T, Tristram, M, Trombetti, T, Tucci, M, Van De Weijgaert, R, Van Tent, B, Verde, L, Vielva, P, Ben, W, Watson, R, Stafford, W, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), HELFA - Hélium : du fondamental aux applications, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Istituto di Radioastronomia (IRA), Cryo - Cryogénie, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], and Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics / Centre for Mathematical Sciences (DAMTP/CMS)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic Vision, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], POWER SPECTRUM, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM, EARLY UNIVERSE, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, cmbr detector, 0103 physical sciences, CMBR experiments, DARK-MATTER, CMB POLARIZATION, Spectroscopy, CMBR detectors, cosmological parameters from CMBR, SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE, COSMOLOGICAL HYDROGEN RECOMBINATION, PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS, RELATIVISTIC CORRECTIONS, SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), Universe, 13. Climate action, Sky, Hubble volume, cmbr detectors, cosmological parameters from cmbr, cmbr experiments, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Prism, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission) was proposed to ESA in May 2013 as a large-class mission for investigating within the framework of the ESA Cosmic Vision program a set of important scientific questions that require high resolution, high sensitivity, full-sky observations of the sky emission at wavelengths ranging from millimeter-wave to the far-infrared. PRISM's main objective is to explore the distant universe, probing cosmic history from very early times until now as well as the structures, distribution of matter, and velocity flows throughout our Hubble volume. PRISM will survey the full sky in a large number of frequency bands in both intensity and polarization and will measure the absolute spectrum of sky emission more than three orders of magnitude better than COBE FIRAS. The data obtained will allow us to precisely measure the absolute sky brightness and polarization of all the components of the sky emission in the observed frequency range, separating the primordial and extragalactic components cleanly from the galactic and zodiacal light emissions. The aim of this Extended White Paper is to provide a more detailed overview of the highlights of the new science that will be made possible by PRISM, which include: (1) the ultimate galaxy cluster survey using the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect, detecting approximately 106 clusters extending to large redshift, including a characterization of the gas temperature of the brightest ones (through the relativistic corrections to the classic SZ template) as well as a peculiar velocity survey using the kinetic SZ effect that comprises our entire Hubble volume; (2) a detailed characterization of the properties and evolution of dusty galaxies, where the most of the star formation in the universe took place, the faintest population of which constitute the diffuse CIB (Cosmic Infrared Background); (3) a characterization of the B modes from primordial gravity waves generated during inflation and from gravitational lensing, as well as the ultimate search for primordial non-Gaussianity using CMB polarization, which is less contaminated by foregrounds on small scales than the temperature anisotropies; (4) a search for distortions from a perfect blackbody spectrum, which include some nearly certain signals and others that are more speculative but more informative; and (5) a study of the role of the magnetic field in star formation and its interaction with other components of the interstellar medium of our Galaxy. These are but a few of the highlights presented here along with a description of the proposed instrument.
Published: 2014

23. Deterministic and stochastic aspects of VEGF-A production and the cooperative behavior of tumoral cell colony

Author: Francesca Di Patti, Marika Masselli, Duccio Fanelli, Pasquale Laise, Annarosa Arcangeli, Université de Florence, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Energetica, and Dipartimento di Patologia e Oncologia Sperimentali
Subjects: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Statistics and Probability, Time Factors, Stochastic modelling, Angiogenesis, VEGF receptors, Cell, Cell Communication, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell Line, Tumor, Neoplasms, Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB), 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Humans, Computer Simulation, 010306 general physics, Hypoxia, Tumor Stem Cell Assay, Cancer, Stochastic Processes, Cell Death, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Applied Mathematics, General Medicine, Cell Hypoxia, Cell biology, Vascular endothelial growth factor, medicine.anatomical_structure, Stochastic model, chemistry, FOS: Biological sciences, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Modeling and Simulation, Immunology, Cancer cell, biology.protein, Quantitative Biology - Cell Behavior, Cooperative behavior, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Nucleus
Abstract: A model is proposed to study the process of hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in cancer cells. The model accounts for the role played by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A in regulating the oxygen intake. VEGF-A is dynamically controlled by the HIF-1alpha concentration. If not degraded, HIF-1alpha can bind to the subunit termed HIF-1beta and so experience translocation to the nucleus, to exert its proper transcriptional activity. The delicate balance between these opposing tendencies translates into the emergence of distinct macroscopic behaviors in terms of the associated molecular concentrations that we here trace back to normoxia, hypoxia and death regimes. These aspects are firstly analyzed with reference to the ideal mean-field scenario. Stochastic fluctuations are also briefly discussed and shown to seed a cooperative interaction among cellular units, competing for the same oxygen reservoir., 20 pages, 6 figures, to appear in J. Theor. Biol
Published: 2011

24. Effect of FE doping by thermal in-diffusion on the defect structure of lithium niobate

Author: S. Mignoni, Annamaria Zaltron, Cinzia Sada, Nicola Argiolas, M.D. Fontana, M. V. Ciampolillo, Marco Bazzan, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), CentraleSupélec-Université de Lorraine (UL), Dipartimento di Physica E. Firmi, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, and Salvestrini, Jean Paul
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Inorganic chemistry, Lithium niobate, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Ion, 010309 optics, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, symbols.namesake, chemistry.chemical_compound, Transition metal, 0103 physical sciences, Spectroscopy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Doping, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Alkali metal, 3. Good health, chemistry, symbols, Physical chemistry, Lithium, 0210 nano-technology, Raman spectroscopy
Abstract: In this work we investigate the iron incorporation in thermally diffused Fe doped LN, by combining two experimental techniques, i.e. micro-Raman spectroscopy and proton induced X rays emission. Our results point out that in substituting for Li, Fe ions induces a decrease of NbLi antisite defects and rearrangement of the Nb sublattice.
Published: 2010

25. Effects of Interplanetary Dust on the LISA drag-free Constellation

Author: Massimo Cerdonio, Fabrizio De Marchi, Mauro Sereno, Philippe Jetzer, Roberto De Pietri, Francesco Marzari, G. Mazzolo, Antonello Ortolan, University of Zurich, Mazzolo, G, Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Physics, University of Trento [Trento], University of Parma and INFN Parma, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, and Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito)
Subjects: Solar System, 530 Physics, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitation, Interplanetary dust cloud, Gravitational field, 1912 Space and Planetary Science, 2604 Applied Mathematics, 0103 physical sciences, Interplanetary dust, 2610 Mathematical Physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Mathematical Physics, Physics, LISA, Zodiacal light, Spacecraft, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Free-fall orbits, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Computational Mathematics, Space and Planetary Science, Modeling and Simulation, 10231 Institute for Computational Science, Physics::Space Physics, 3103 Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, Local dark matter, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 2605 Computational Mathematics, Noise (radio), 2611 Modeling and Simulation
Abstract: The analysis of non-radiative sources of static or time-dependent gravitational fields in the Solar System is crucial to accurately estimate the free-fall orbits of the LISA space mission. In particular, we take into account the gravitational effects of Interplanetary Dust (ID) on the spacecraft trajectories. The perturbing gravitational field has been calculated for some ID density distributions that fit the observed zodiacal light. Then we integrated the Gauss planetary equations to get the deviations from the LISA keplerian orbits around the Sun. This analysis can be eventually extended to Local Dark Matter (LDM), as gravitational fields are expected to be similar for ID and LDM distributions. Under some strong assumptions on the displacement noise at very low frequency, the Doppler data collected during the whole LISA mission could provide upper limits on ID and LDM densities., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, to be published on the special issue of "Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy" on the CELMEC V conference
Published: 2010
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26. Luminescence-induced photorefractive spatial solitons

Author: Cinzia Sada, E. Fazio, Mathieu Chauvet, M. Alonzo, Alessandra Toncelli, Fabrice Devaux, Marco Bazzan, Nicola Argiolas, Ultrafast Photonics Laboratory, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Physica E. Firmi, and University of Pisa - Università di Pisa
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), photorefractivity, photorefractive effect, Lithium niobate, photonics, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, Soliton (optics), 02 engineering and technology, erbium, soliton, lithium compounds, optical solitons, photoluminescence, photorefractive materials, optical pumping, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Optical pumping, Erbium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, Photorefractive effect, Wavelength, chemistry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, business, Luminescence
Abstract: International audience; We report the observation of spatial confinement of a pump beam into a photorefractive solitonic channel induced by luminescence [luminescence induced spatial soliton (LISS)]. Trapped beams have been obtained in erbium doped lithium niobate crystals at concentrations as high as 0.7 mol % of erbium. By pumping at 980 nm, erbium ions emit photons at 550 nm by two-step absorption, wavelength which can be absorbed by lithium niobate and originates the photorefractive effect. The luminescence at 550 nm generates at the same time the solitonic channel and the background illumination reaching a steady-state soliton regime.
Published: 2010

27. Prospects for GRB Science with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: R. M. Kippen, Brenda Dingus, Sinéad McGlynn, Takashi Shimokawabe, Carmelo Sgrò, E. Moretti, Jonathan Granot, F. Kuehn, J. P. Norris, M. N. Mazziotta, P. D. Smith, R. E. Hughes, Nicola Omodei, M. Kuss, James Chiang, J. J. Russell, Felix Ryde, Jeffrey D. Scargle, P. Lubrano, N. Gehrels, E. Do Couto E Silva, P. Spinelli, Guido Barbiellini, Ryo Yamazaki, F. Longo, Brian L Winer, G. Bogaert, V. Pelassa, S. Cutini, V. Connaughton, F. Piron, Robert D. Preece, Matthew G. Baring, Takeshi Nakamori, Gerald J. Fishman, T. Kamae, N. Giglietto, Masanori Ohno, M. Razzano, P. M. Saz Parkinson, David L. Band, M. Olivo, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, F. de Palma, Magnus Axelsson, A. Galli, Gloria Spandre, Julie McEnery, Luca Baldini, Sylvain Guiriec, J. Bonnel, Elisabetta Bissaldi, M. Battelino, Denis Bastieri, Ronaldo Bellazzini, M. Stamatikos, N. Komin, Department of Zoology, University of Gothenburg (GU), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joint Center for Astrophysics/Physics Department University of Maryland, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory (HEPL), Stanford University [Stanford], Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), Institut d'Informatique et de Mathématiques Appliquées de Grenoble (IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Statistical Laboratory (DPMMS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste (INFN, Sezione di Trieste), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Arizona, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology [GSFC] (CRESST), Stockholm Observatory Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Dipartimento di Fisica [Trieste], Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Houston], Rice University [Houston], Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (INFN, Sezione di Padova), Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Hansen Experimental Physics Lab [Stanford] (HEPL), University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari (INFN, sezione di Bari), Dipartimento di Fisica 'M. Merlin' dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, Politecnico di Bari, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Roma (IASF-Roma), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), University of Maryland System, Centre for Astrophysics Research [Hatfield], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), Department of Physics [Tokyo], Rikkyo University [Tokyo], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Denver], University of Denver, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics (SCIPP), University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Center for Cosmology & AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University, Department of Physical Sciences [Higashi-Hiroshima], The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Statistical Laboratory [Cambridge], Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics (DPMMS), Faculty of mathematics Centre for Mathematical Sciences [Cambridge] (CMS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Faculty of mathematics Centre for Mathematical Sciences [Cambridge] (CMS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), D. L., Band, M., Axelsson, L., Baldini, BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, M. G., Baring, D., Bastieri, M., Battelino, R., Bellazzini, Bissaldi, Elisabetta, G., Bogaert, J., Bonnell, J., Chiang, J., Cohen Tanugi, V., Connaughton, S., Cutini, F. d., Palma, B. L., Dingu, E. D. E., Silva, G., Fishman, A., Galli, N., Gehrel, N., Giglietto, J., Granot, S., Guiriec, R. E., Hughe, T., Kamae, N., Komin, F., Kuehn, M., Ku, Longo, Francesco, P., Lubrano, R. M., Kippen, M. N., Mazziotta, J. E., Mcenery, S., Mcglynn, Moretti, Elena, T., Nakamori, J. P., Norri, M., Ohno, M., Olivo, N., Omodei, V., Pelassa, F., Piron, R., Preece, M., Razzano, J. J., Russell, F., Ryde, P. M. S., Parkinson, J. D., Scargle, C., Sgro, T., Shimokawabe, P. D., Smith, G., Spandre, P., Spinelli, M., Stamatiko, B. L., Winer, and R., Yamazaki
Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], gamma rays: bursts, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Fermi satellite, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Bursts, Spacecraft, business.industry, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Detector, Gamma rays, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Afterglow, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray Bursts, business, Gamma-ray burst, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The LAT instrument on the Fermi mission will reveal the rich spectral and temporal gamma-ray burst phenomena in the > 100 MeV band. The synergy with Fermi's GBM detectors will link these observations to those in the well explored 10-1000 keV range; the addition of the > 100 MeV band observations will resolve theoretical uncertainties about burst emission in both the prompt and afterglow phases. Trigger algorithms will be applied to the LAT data both onboard the spacecraft and on the ground. The sensitivity of these triggers will differ because of the available computing resources onboard and on the ground. Here we present the LAT's burst detection methodologies and the instrument's GRB capabilities., Accepted by ApJ
Published: 2009

28. Using affinity propagation for identifying subspecies among clonal organisms: lessons from M. tuberculosis

Author: Silvio Franz, Guislaine Refrégier, Christophe Sola, Mathieu Labarre, Claudio Borile, Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Laboratoire de physique de la matière condensée de Toulouse (LPMCT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique mycobactérienne - Mycobacterial genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques (LPTMS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Subfamily, Jaccard index, species delineation, Locus (genetics), lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Biochemistry, Evolution, Molecular, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, DR locus, Structural Biology, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Humans, Tuberculosis, CRISPR, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Applied Mathematics, Inverted Repeat Sequences, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Computer Science Applications, lcsh:Biology (General), Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Categorization, Evolutionary biology, lcsh:R858-859.7, Affinity propagation, epidemiology, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], asexual organisms, Research Article
Abstract: Background Classification and naming is a key step in the analysis, understanding and adequate management of living organisms. However, where to set limits between groups can be puzzling especially in clonal organisms. Within the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC), the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), experts have first identified several groups according to their pattern at repetitive sequences, especially at the CRISPR locus (spoligotyping), and to their epidemiological relevance. Most groups such as "Beijing" found good support when tested with other loci. However, other groups such as T family and T1 subfamily (belonging to the "Euro-American" lineage) correspond to non-monophyletic groups and still need to be refined. Here, we propose to use a method called Affinity Propagation that has been successfully used in image categorization to identify relevant patterns at the CRISPR locus in MTC. Results To adequately infer the relative divergence time between strains, we used a distance method inspired by the recent evolutionary model by Reyes et al. We first confirm that this method performs better than the Jaccard index commonly used to compare spoligotype patterns. Second, we document the support of each spoligotype family among the previous classification using affinity propagation on the international spoligotyping database SpolDB4. This allowed us to propose a consensus assignation for all SpolDB4 spoligotypes. Third, we propose new signatures to subclassify the T family. Conclusion Altogether, this study shows how the new clustering algorithm Affinity Propagation can help building or refining clonal organims classifications. It also describes well-supported families and subfamilies among M. tuberculosis complex, especially inside the modern "Euro-American" lineage.
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29. Emergent ecological patterns and modelling of gut microbiomes in health and in disease.

Author: Pasqualini J, Facchin S, Rinaldo A, Maritan A, Savarino E, and Suweis S
Subjects: Humans, Models, Biological, Computational Biology, Dysbiosis microbiology, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics
Abstract: Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing have revolutionized our understanding of the human microbiome. Despite this progress, challenges persist in comprehending the microbiome's influence on disease, hindered by technical complexities in species classification, abundance estimation, and data compositionality. At the same time, the existence of macroecological laws describing the variation and diversity in microbial communities irrespective of their environment has been recently proposed using 16s data and explained by a simple phenomenological model of population dynamics. We here investigate the relationship between dysbiosis, i.e. in unhealthy individuals there are deviations from the "regular" composition of the gut microbial community, and the existence of macro-ecological emergent law in microbial communities. We first quantitatively reconstruct these patterns at the species level using shotgun data, and addressing the consequences of sampling effects and statistical errors on ecological patterns. We then ask if such patterns can discriminate between healthy and unhealthy cohorts. Concomitantly, we evaluate the efficacy of different statistical generative models, which incorporate sampling and population dynamics, to describe such patterns and distinguish which are expected by chance, versus those that are potentially informative about disease states or other biological drivers. A critical aspect of our analysis is understanding the relationship between model parameters, which have clear ecological interpretations, and the state of the gut microbiome, thereby enabling the generation of synthetic compositional data that distinctively represent healthy and unhealthy individuals. Our approach, grounded in theoretical ecology and statistical physics, allows for a robust comparison of these models with empirical data, enhancing our understanding of the strengths and limitations of simple microbial models of population dynamics., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Pasqualini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2024
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30. Delay effects on the stability of large ecosystems.

Author: Pigani E, Sgarbossa D, Suweis S, Maritan A, and Azaele S
Subjects: Population Density, Ecosystem
Abstract: The common intuition among the ecologists of the midtwentieth century was that large ecosystems should be more stable than those with a smaller number of species. This view was challenged by Robert May, who found a stability bound for randomly assembled ecosystems; they become unstable for a sufficiently large number of species. In the present work, we show that May's bound greatly changes when the past population densities of a species affect its own current density. This is a common feature in real systems, where the effects of species' interactions may appear after a time lag rather than instantaneously. The local stability of these models with self-interaction is described by bounds, which we characterize in the parameter space. We find a critical delay curve that separates the region of stability from that of instability, and correspondingly, we identify a critical frequency curve that provides the characteristic frequencies of a system at the instability threshold. Finally, we calculate analytically the distributions of eigenvalues that generalize Wigner's as well as Girko's laws. Interestingly, we find that, for sufficiently large delays, the eigenvalues of a randomly coupled system are complex even when the interactions are symmetric.
Published: 2022
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31. Pairing statistics and melting of random DNA oligomers: Finding your partner in superdiverse environments.

Author: Di Leo S, Marni S, Plata CA, Fraccia TP, Smith GP, Maritan A, Suweis S, and Bellini T
Subjects: Nucleic Acid Conformation, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Solutions, Temperature, Thermodynamics, DNA
Abstract: Understanding of the pairing statistics in solutions populated by a large number of distinct solute species with mutual interactions is a challenging topic, relevant in modeling the complexity of real biological systems. Here we describe, both experimentally and theoretically, the formation of duplexes in a solution of random-sequence DNA (rsDNA) oligomers of length L = 8, 12, 20 nucleotides. rsDNA solutions are formed by 4L distinct molecular species, leading to a variety of pairing motifs that depend on sequence complementarity and range from strongly bound, fully paired defectless helices to weakly interacting mismatched duplexes. Experiments and theory coherently combine revealing a hybridization statistics characterized by a prevalence of partially defected duplexes, with a distribution of type and number of pairing errors that depends on temperature. We find that despite the enormous multitude of inter-strand interactions, defectless duplexes are formed, involving a fraction up to 15% of the rsDNA chains at the lowest temperatures. Experiments and theory are limited here to equilibrium conditions., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2022
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32. Needles in Haystacks: Understanding the Success of Selective Pairing of Nucleic Acids.

Author: Plata CA, Marni S, Suweis S, Bellini T, and Paraboschi EM
Subjects: Base Pairing, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Thermodynamics, MicroRNAs genetics, Nucleic Acids chemistry, Nucleic Acids genetics
Abstract: The effectiveness of several biological and biotechnological processes relies on the remarkably selective pairing of nucleic acids in contexts of molecular complexity. Relevant examples are the on-target binding of primers in genomic PCR and the regulatory efficacy of microRNA via binding on the transcriptome. Here, we propose a statistical framework that enables us to describe and understand such selectivity by means of a model that is extremely cheap from a computational point of view. By re-parametrizing the hybridization thermodynamics on three classes of base pairing errors, we find a convenient way to obtain the free energy of pairwise interactions between nucleic acids. We thus evaluate the hybridization statistics of a given oligonucleotide within a large number of competitive sites that we assume to be random, and we compute the probability of on-target binding. We apply our strategy to PCR amplification and microRNA-based gene regulation, shedding new light on their selectivity. In particular, we show the relevance of the defectless pairing of 3' terminals imposed by the polymerase in PCR selection. We also evaluate the selectivity afforded by the microRNA seed region, thus quantifying the extra contributions given by mechanisms beyond pairing statistics.
Published: 2022
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33. Seeing the forest for the trees through metabolic scaling.

Author: Volkov I, Tovo A, Anfodillo T, Rinaldo A, Maritan A, and Banavar JR
Abstract: We demonstrate that when power scaling occurs for an individual tree and in a forest, there is great resulting simplicity notwithstanding the underlying complexity characterizing the system over many size scales. Our scaling framework unifies seemingly distinct trends in a forest and provides a simple yet promising approach to quantitatively understand a bewilderingly complex many-body system with imperfectly known interactions. We show that the effective dimension, D tree , of a tree is close to 3, whereas a mature forest has D forest approaching 1. We discuss the energy equivalence rule and show that the metabolic rate-mass relationship is a power law with an exponent D /( D + 1) in both cases leading to a Kleiber's exponent of 3/4 for a tree and 1/2 for a forest. Our work has implications for understanding carbon sequestration and for climate science., (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the National Academy of Sciences.)
Published: 2022
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34. Environmental unpredictability and inbreeding depression select for mixed dispersal syndromes.

Author: Hidalgo J, Casas RR, and Á Muñoz M
Subjects: Biological Evolution, Computer Simulation, Environment, Lathyrus physiology, Vicia physiology, Inbreeding, Lathyrus genetics, Models, Biological, Seed Dispersal, Vicia genetics
Abstract: Background: Mixed dispersal syndromes have historically been regarded as a bet-hedging mechanism that enhances survivorship in unpredictable environments, ensuring that some propagules stay in the maternal environment while others can potentially colonize new sites. However, this entails paying the costs of both dispersal and non-dispersal. Propagules that disperse are likely to encounter unfavorable conditions, while non-dispersing propagules might form inbred populations of close relatives. Here, we investigate the conditions under which mixed dispersal syndromes emerge and are evolutionarily stable, taking into account the risks of both environmental unpredictability and inbreeding., Results: Using mathematical and computational modeling, we show that high dispersal propensity is favored whenever environmental unpredictability is low and inbreeding depression high, whereas mixed dispersal syndromes are adaptive under high environmental unpredictability, more particularly if inbreeding depression is small. Although pure dispersal is frequently adaptive, mixed dispersal represents the optimal strategy under many different parameterizations of our models, indicating that this strategy is likely to be favored in a wide variety of contexts. Furthermore, monomorphic populations go inevitably extinct when environmental and genetic costs are high, whilst mixed strategies can maintain viable populations even under very extreme conditions., Conclusions: Our models support the hypothesis that the interplay between inbreeding depression and environmental unpredictability shapes dispersal syndromes, often resulting in mixed strategies. Moreover, mixed dispersal seems to facilitate persistence whenever conditions are critical or nearly critical for survival.
Published: 2016
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35. Information-based fitness and the emergence of criticality in living systems.

Author: Hidalgo J, Grilli J, Suweis S, Muñoz MA, Banavar JR, and Maritan A
Subjects: Animals, Humans, Brain physiology, Models, Neurological
Abstract: Empirical evidence suggesting that living systems might operate in the vicinity of critical points, at the borderline between order and disorder, has proliferated in recent years, with examples ranging from spontaneous brain activity to flock dynamics. However, a well-founded theory for understanding how and why interacting living systems could dynamically tune themselves to be poised in the vicinity of a critical point is lacking. Here we use tools from statistical mechanics and information theory to show that complex adaptive or evolutionary systems can be much more efficient in coping with diverse heterogeneous environmental conditions when operating at criticality. Analytical as well as computational evolutionary and adaptive models vividly illustrate that a community of such systems dynamically self-tunes close to a critical state as the complexity of the environment increases while they remain noncritical for simple and predictable environments. A more robust convergence to criticality emerges in coevolutionary and coadaptive setups in which individuals aim to represent other agents in the community with fidelity, thereby creating a collective critical ensemble and providing the best possible tradeoff between accuracy and flexibility. Our approach provides a parsimonious and general mechanism for the emergence of critical-like behavior in living systems needing to cope with complex environments or trying to efficiently coordinate themselves as an ensemble.
Published: 2014
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36. From cellular characteristics to disease diagnosis: uncovering phenotypes with supercells.

Author: Candia J, Maunu R, Driscoll M, Biancotto A, Dagur P, McCoy JP Jr, Sen HN, Wei L, Maritan A, Cao K, Nussenblatt RB, Banavar JR, and Losert W
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Diagnosis
Abstract: Cell heterogeneity and the inherent complexity due to the interplay of multiple molecular processes within the cell pose difficult challenges for current single-cell biology. We introduce an approach that identifies a disease phenotype from multiparameter single-cell measurements, which is based on the concept of "supercell statistics", a single-cell-based averaging procedure followed by a machine learning classification scheme. We are able to assess the optimal tradeoff between the number of single cells averaged and the number of measurements needed to capture phenotypic differences between healthy and diseased patients, as well as between different diseases that are difficult to diagnose otherwise. We apply our approach to two kinds of single-cell datasets, addressing the diagnosis of a premature aging disorder using images of cell nuclei, as well as the phenotypes of two non-infectious uveitides (the ocular manifestations of Behçet's disease and sarcoidosis) based on multicolor flow cytometry. In the former case, one nuclear shape measurement taken over a group of 30 cells is sufficient to classify samples as healthy or diseased, in agreement with usual laboratory practice. In the latter, our method is able to identify a minimal set of 5 markers that accurately predict Behçet's disease and sarcoidosis. This is the first time that a quantitative phenotypic distinction between these two diseases has been achieved. To obtain this clear phenotypic signature, about one hundred CD8(+) T cells need to be measured. Although the molecular markers identified have been reported to be important players in autoimmune disorders, this is the first report pointing out that CD8(+) T cells can be used to distinguish two systemic inflammatory diseases. Beyond these specific cases, the approach proposed here is applicable to datasets generated by other kinds of state-of-the-art and forthcoming single-cell technologies, such as multidimensional mass cytometry, single-cell gene expression, and single-cell full genome sequencing techniques.
Published: 2013
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37. Self-similarity and scaling in forest communities.

Author: Simini F, Anfodillo T, Carrer M, Banavar JR, and Maritan A
Subjects: Tropical Climate, Demography, Ecosystem, Energy Metabolism physiology, Models, Biological, Trees growth & development
Abstract: Ecological communities exhibit pervasive patterns and interrelationships between size, abundance, and the availability of resources. We use scaling ideas to develop a unified, model-independent framework for understanding the distribution of tree sizes, their energy use, and spatial distribution in tropical forests. We demonstrate that the scaling of the tree crown at the individual level drives the forest structure when resources are fully used. Our predictions match perfectly with the scaling behavior of an exactly solvable self-similar model of a forest and are in good accord with empirical data. The range, over which pure power law behavior is observed, depends on the available amount of resources. The scaling framework can be used for assessing the effects of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on ecosystem structure and functionality.
Published: 2010
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38. Are there immobilized water molecules around hydrophobic groups? Aqueous solvation of methanol from first principles.

Author: Silvestrelli PL
Subjects: Computer Simulation, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Models, Chemical, Solvents chemistry, Methanol chemistry, Water chemistry
Abstract: Structural, dynamical, bonding, and electronic properties of water molecules around a soluted methanol molecule are studied from first principles. The results are compatible with experiments and qualitatively support the conclusions of recent classical molecular dynamics simulations concerning the controversial issue on the presence of "immobilized" water molecules around hydrophobic groups: the hydrophobic solute slightly reduces the mobility of many surrounding water molecules rather than immobilizing just the few ones which are closest to the methyl group. By generating maximally localized Wannier functions, a detailed description of the polarization effects in both solute and solvent molecules is obtained, which better elucidates the solvation process.
Published: 2009
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39. Van der Waals interactions in density functional theory using Wannier functions.

Author: Silvestrelli PL
Abstract: van der Waals interactions between atoms and molecules are ubiquitous and very important for many molecular and condensed-matter structures. These systems are often studied from first principles using the density functional theory (DFT), because this approach often represents a good compromise between accuracy and efficiency. However, the commonly used DFT functionals are not able to describe properly van der Waals effects. Most attempts to correct for this problem have a basic semiempirical character, although computationally more expensive first principles schemes have been recently developed. Of course, the key issue is finding a way to include van der Waals interactions in DFT without dramatically increasing the computational cost. We here describe in detail the recently developed scheme, based on the use of the maximally localized Wannier functions, that combines the simplicity of the semiempirical formalism with the accuracy of the first principles approaches and appears to be promising, being simple, efficient, accurate, and transferable (for instance, charge polarization effects are naturally included). The results of successful applications to small molecules, bulk Ar, and the interaction of Ar, He, and H(2) with two different Al surfaces are presented. Directions for further improvements of the method are finally suggested.
Published: 2009
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40. Squeezing a helium nanodroplet with a Rydberg electron.

Author: Ancilotto F, Pi M, Mayol R, Barranco M, and Lehmann KK
Abstract: We have investigated, by means of density functional theory, the structure of a "scolium", that is, an electron circulating around a positively charged 4He nanodroplet, temporarily prevented from neutralization by the helium-electron repulsion. The positive ion core resides in the center of the nanodroplet where, as a consequence of electrostriction, a strong increase in the helium density with respect to its bulk value occurs. The electron enveloping the 4He cluster exerts an additional electrostatic pressure which further increases the local 4He density around the ion core. We argue that under such pressure, sufficiently small 4He nanodroplets may turn solid. The stability of a scolium with respect to electron-ion recombination is investigated.
Published: 2007
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41. Symmetry, shape, and order.

Author: Trovato A, Hoang TX, Banavar JR, and Maritan A
Abstract: Packing problems have been of great interest in many diverse contexts for many centuries. The optimal packing of identical objects has been often invoked to understand the nature of low-temperature phases of matter. In celebrated work, Kepler conjectured that the densest packing of spheres is realized by stacking variants of the face-centered-cubic lattice and has a packing fraction of pi /(3\square root2)\approximately 0.7405. Much more recently, an unusually high-density packing of approximately 0.770732 was achieved for congruent ellipsoids. Such studies are relevant for understanding the structure of crystals, glasses, the storage and jamming of granular materials, ceramics, and the assembly of viral capsid structures. Here, we carry out analytical studies of the stacking of close-packed planar layers of systems made up of truncated cones possessing uniaxial symmetry. We present examples of high-density packing whose order is characterized by a broken symmetry arising from the shape of the constituent objects. We find a biaxial arrangement of solid cones with a packing fraction of pi/4. For truncated cones, there are two distinct regimes, characterized by different packing arrangements, depending on the ratio c of the base radii of the truncated cones with a transition at c*=\square root2-1.
Published: 2007
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42. Dynamical evolution of ecosystems.

Author: Azaele S, Pigolotti S, Banavar JR, and Maritan A
Subjects: Animals, Biodiversity, Extinction, Biological, Models, Biological, Population Dynamics, Time Factors, Trees physiology, Tropical Climate, Biological Evolution, Ecosystem
Abstract: The assembly of an ecosystem such as a tropical forest depends crucially on the species interaction network, and the deduction of its rules is a formidably complex problem. In spite of this, many recent studies using Hubbell's neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography have demonstrated that the resulting emergent macroscopic behaviour of the ecosystem at or near a stationary state shows a surprising simplicity reminiscent of many physical systems. Indeed the symmetry postulate, that the effective birth and death rates are species-independent within a single trophic level, allows one to make analytical predictions for various static distributions such as the relative species abundance, beta-diversity and the species-area relationship. In contrast, there have only been a few studies of the dynamics and stability of tropical rain forests. Here we consider the dynamical behaviour of a community, and benchmark it against the exact predictions of a neutral model near or at stationarity. In addition to providing a description of the relative species abundance, our analysis leads to a quantitative understanding of the species turnover distribution and extinction times, and a measure of the temporal scales of neutral evolution. Our model gives a very good description of the large quantity of data collected in Barro Colorado Island in Panama in the period 1990-2000 with just three ecologically relevant parameters and predicts the dynamics of extinction of the existing species.
Published: 2006
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43. Interfacial water on Cl- and H-terminated Si(111) surfaces from first-principles calculations.

Author: Silvestrelli PL, Toigo F, and Ancilotto F
Abstract: The properties of interfacial water on Cl- and H-terminated Si(111) surfaces are investigated using a first-principles approach and characterized by means of energetic analysis combined with hydrogen-bond counting. The interaction of water with both substrates is found to be significantly weak, although bonding with the Cl-terminated Si(111) surface is relatively stronger because of the electrostatic contribution. According to a molecular picture for attributing the hydrophilic/hydrophobic character, both surfaces should be considered hydrophobic, at variance with the interpretation of recent ultrafast electron crystallography experiments, which seems instead to support a hydrophilic nature of the Cl-terminated Si(111) substrate.
Published: 2006
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44. Otoacoustic emissions from residual oscillations of the cochlear basilar membrane in a human ear model.

Author: Nobili R, Vetesnik A, Turicchia L, and Mammano F
Subjects: Humans, Labyrinthine Fluids physiology, Periodicity, Basilar Membrane physiology, Cochlea physiology, Models, Biological, Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous physiology
Abstract: Sounds originating from within the inner ear, known as otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), are widely exploited in clinical practice but the mechanisms underlying their generation are not entirely clear. Here we present simulation results and theoretical considerations based on a hydrodynamic model of the human inner ear. Simulations show that, if the cochlear amplifier (CA) gain is a smooth function of position within the active cochlea, filtering performed by a middle ear with an irregular, i.e., nonsmooth, forward transfer function suffices to produce irregular and long-lasting residual oscillations of cochlear basilar membrane (BM) at selected frequencies. Feeding back to the middle ear through hydrodynamic coupling afforded by the cochlear fluid, these oscillations are detected as transient evoked OAEs in the ear canal. If, in addition, the CA gain profile is affected by irregularities, residual BM oscillations are even more irregular and tend to evolve towards self-sustaining oscillations at the loci of gain irregularities. Correspondingly, the spectrum of transient evoked OAEs exhibits sharp peaks. If both the CA gain and the middle-ear forward transfer function are smooth, residual BM oscillations have regular waveforms and extinguish rapidly. In this case no emissions are produced. Finally, and paradoxically albeit consistent with observations, simulating localized damage to the CA results in self-sustaining BM oscillations at the characteristic frequencies (CFs) of the sites adjacent to the damage region, accompanied by generation of spontaneous OAEs. Under these conditions, stimulus-frequency OAEs, with typical modulation patterns, are also observed for inputs near hearing threshold. This approach can be exploited to provide novel diagnostic tools and a better understanding of key phenomena relevant for hearing science.
Published: 2003
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45. Reconstruction of the form of a particle from its three-dimensional asymptotic form factor.

Author: Ciccariello S
Abstract: The form of a particle, which is homogeneous, finite, strictly convex, smooth and centrosymmetric, can uniquely be determined if the leading asymptotic term of its form factor is known along each direction of reciprocal space. If the central symmetry is lacking, all the admissible particle forms are among the solutions of a partial differential equation with given boundary conditions. The possible practical relevance of this result is discussed.
Published: 2002
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46. The best two-phase idealization of a sample in small-angle scattering.

Author: Ciccariello S
Abstract: The equations to be solved in order to determine the best discrete-valued approximation to a given electron or scattering-length density function are worked out. A simple illustration is reported.
Published: 2002
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47. Dissociation of methane into hydrocarbons at extreme (planetary) pressure and temperature.

Author: Ancilotto F, Chiarotti GL, Scandolo S, and Tosatti E
Subjects: Atmosphere, Butanes chemistry, Computer Simulation, Ethane chemistry, Extraterrestrial Environment, Hydrogen chemistry, Pressure, Temperature, Thermodynamics, Hydrocarbons chemistry, Methane chemistry, Neptune, Uranus
Abstract: Constant-pressure, first-principles molecular dynamic simulations were used to investigate the behavior of methane at high pressure and temperature. Contrary to the current interpretation of shock-wave experiments, the simulations suggest that, below 100 gigapascals, methane dissociates into a mixture of hydrocarbons, and it separates into hydrogen and carbon only above 300 gigapascals. The simulation conditions (100 to 300 gigapascals; 4000 to 5000 kelvin) were chosen to follow the isentrope in the middle ice layers of Neptune and Uranus. Implications on the physics of these planets are discussed.
Published: 1997
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48. Biophysics of the cochlea. II: Stationary nonlinear phenomenology.

Author: Nobili R and Mammano F
Subjects: Basilar Membrane physiology, Biophysical Phenomena, Humans, Vibration, Biophysics, Cochlea physiology, Models, Biological
Abstract: Nonlinearities affecting cochlear mechanics produce appreciable compression in the basilar membrane (BM) input/output (I/O) functions at the characteristic frequency for sound-pressure levels (SPLs) as low as 20 dB (re: 20 microPa). This is thought to depend upon saturation of the outer hair cell (OHC) mechanoelectrical transducer (MET). This hypothesis was tested by solving a nonlinear integrodifferential equation that describes the BM vibration in an active cochlea. The equation extends a previously developed linear approach [Mammano and Nobili, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 93, 3320-3332 (1993)], here modified to include saturating MET, with a few corrections mainly concerning tectorial membrane resonance and OHC coupling to the BM. Stationary solutions were computed by iteration in the frequency domain for a wide range of input SPLs, generating BM I/O functions, frequency response envelopes, and two-tone distortion products. Traveling-wave amplitude envelopes were also computed for a fixed suppressor and several suppressed tones in order to evidence the phenomenon of two-tone suppression (frequency masking) at the mechanical level. All results accord nicely with experimental data.
Published: 1996
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