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In this article, the book ‘Home Time’ by one of contemporary Turkish poets, Abdulkadir Budak, through the contained poem ‘Home, Pain’ on focus is examined. Although the review is partly based on disciplines as anthropology, psychology, mythology, yet any of these has been selected as the dominant method. In this examination in terms of the theme by the help of these disciplines, the nature of art has been meticulously considered. Because the work of art has a nature that cannot be limited to the particular inspection methods of definite disciplines. The book subject to examination in this article is written in a style that encompasses a certain theme by the poet. As a living space home impacts on the poet are manifested in different aspects in each poem in the book. Yet the clearly emerging situation is the instability and uneasiness of the poet as an individual against home. This vacillating state and the poet’s state against the house are accompanied by intense contradictions. Home as the family’s living space, has created difficulties for the individual poet expressed by almost tragic tone. The subjects are the house centred everyday life on one hand, the problems created by that very life and a space resourcing and shaping the everyday life on the other hand. Although the narrative style is prevailing on poems in general, the poems have features exceeding the narration with the arrangement in a flow accompanied by patches of implication and irony, elaboration of fine details and association level.

Background: Oxidative stress and increased DNA damage have been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo. Oxidative DNA damage is mainly repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway., Aim: We sought to determine whether polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may have a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo., Materials and Methods: We conducted a study including 100 patients with vitiligo and age- and sex-matched 193 control subjects to examine the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of BER genes, human 8-oxoG DNA N-glycosylase 1 (codon 326), apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) (codon 148), and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (codon 399) as risk factors for vitiligo. These polymorphisms were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis., Results: No significant association was observed between the variant alleles of studied genes and vitiligo., Conclusion: However, we showed that the presence of APE1 148Glu variant allele is associated with leukotrichia. This preliminary study suggests that APE1 (codon 148) polymorphism may play a role in vitiligo pathogenesis., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

Objective: Smoking is an important risk factor in the development of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study was designed to investigate the relationship between nicotine dependence level and the development of CAP., Materials and Methods: The Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) was performed to measure nicotine dependence level (NDL). Subjects with a Fagerstrom score (FS) of 5 or lower were defined as low dependence level and a FS score of 6 or higher was defined as high dependence level., Results: The risk of pneumonia development was higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (OR=2.19, 95% CI 1.13-4.23). The pneumonia development risk was 1.91 times higher in the low dependence level group compared to nonsmokers (OR=1.91, 95% CI 0.95-3.83). In the high nicotine dependence level group pneumonia risk was 2.93 times higher than in nonsmokers (OR=2.93, 95% CI 1.34-6.36). We also studied the relationship between CAP and the time to the first cigarette of the day. Risk was the lowest in the smoker group of after 60 minutes and risk ratios increased with decreased time., Conclusion: In this study, a high nicotine dependence level was found to be a risk factor associated with smoking for CAP development. The time period of the first cigarette after waking up is also important in pneumonia development as well as in the nicotine dependence level.