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A man who is 38 years old and diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was prescribed methylphenidate. Three weeks later, he began experiencing progressive shortness of breath and coughing. Imaging of his chest showed patchy bilateral ground-glass opacities, and bronchoscopy revealed a 15% eosinophil count in his bronchoalveolar lavage. A transbronchial biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of eosinophilic pneumonia. The patient's condition improved when he was given steroids and stopped taking methylphenidate. However, he developed the same symptoms again a few days after restarting the medication, along with a skin rash. This strongly suggests that methylphenidate was the cause of his eosinophilic pneumonia.

Abstract The thermal processes with inclusion of nanomaterials provide a wide range of applications pertaining to heat exchangers and cooling of compact heat density devices. The current research investigates the three-dimension flow of hybrid nanofluid comprising TC4(Ti-6A-14V) and Nichrome 80% Ni and 20% Cr nanoparticles mixed within engine oil as the base fluid for the enhancement of heat and mass transfer rate. The effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous processes and thermal radiation are incorporated. The heat transfer occurs due to a rotating inclined stretched sheet is discussed against prominent factors such as thermal radiation, inclined angle parameter, rotation parameter, and heat source/sink. The leading mathematical formulation consists of a set of PDEs, which are then transmuted into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformation. The numerical solutions are obtained by using MATLAB's built-in function bvp4c. The results for velocity profile, temperature profile and concentration distribution are evaluated for suitable ranges of the controlling parameters. The graphical result shows that when the angle of inclination, magnetic parameter, and the volumetric concentration of hybrid nanomaterials increase the axial flow profile of the hybrid nanofluid is reduced. However, the rotation parameter reveals the opposite response. The temperature is intensified with an increment of heat source/sink, shape factors, and magnetic field parameter. For enhanced nanoparticle volumetric concentration, the temperature of the fluid rises up. The graphical validation is also illustrated using streamlines and statistical plots for hybrid nanofluid.

Abstract Electronics devices growth in the last decade of the twentieth century ushered in a revolution inside the electronics segment. Continuous micro-sizes and operation cause these devices to heat up, resulting in a reduction in their performance or damage to their parts. Because heat can decrease device performance and life span while also wasting energy, offering an incorporated and effective cooling system has become a significant part of the design of device equipment. One of the key challenges of modern generation technology is the cooling of electronic devices. Nanofluids have attracted attention in a broad range of engineering implementations due to their great properties, which may be used to effectively cool devices while also improving energy efficiency. In view of the above defects, this numerical research object to examine the chip surface temperature, heat transfer rate, thermal resistance, Darcy friction factor and reliability of microelectronic chips in minichannel heat sinks is scrutinized by utilizing a $${\text{TiO}}_{2}$$ TiO 2 /water nanofluid as a coolant and comparing the nanoliquid outcomes with the outcomes of water. $${\text{TiO}}_{2}$$ TiO 2 /Water nanofluids at 1%, 2% and 3% volume concentrations are employed for this scrutinization. Here, a commercial CFD ANSYS (R19.2) FLUENT software package is used to analyze the electronic chip performance. The CFD ANSYS (R19.2) FLUENT software package is used for modeling, meshing and simulation of the current study.

Abstract The significance of slip boundary conditions with thermal radiation implications on a steady flow of nano suspension over a rotating disk with a constant magnetic field is discussed in this research investigation. Here Iron oxide $$\left( {Fe_{3} O_{4} } \right)$$ F e 3 O 4 , Zirconium dioxide $$\left( {ZrO_{2} } \right)$$ Z r O 2 , and Titanium $$\left( {Ti} \right)$$ Ti are recruited as nanoparticles and water $$\left( {H_{2} O} \right)$$ H 2 O as a host fluid. The appropriate similarities transformations are used to transfer main PDEs into a system of nonlinear ODEs. The set of ODEs is then solved via shooting approach (bvp4c solver) a built-in function in MATLAB. The depictical outcomes of the physical flow parameters like thermal radiation and velocity slip parameters are revealed and clarified with the assist of figures. The slip parameter significantly reduces the velocity profiles, according to this investigation. The pressure is declined for the higher estimates of the magnetic parameter. The thermal profile was uplifted for the rising values of the thermal radiation parameter. Meteorology, meteorological, atmospheric research, biochemical engineering, power engineering, transportation production, solar energy transformations, sensing micro fabrication, tumblers in polymer manufacturing, and other fields will benefit from this suggested model. The suggested study has been developed in response to these kinds of practical consequences. This work is unique in that it investigates the consequences of a magnetic field, slip boundary conditions, and thermal radiation on nanoparticles flow across a disk. The recent study is innovative, and it could be used by other researchers to learn more about the heat exchange behavior and reliability of working fluids.

Poly [adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose] polymerases (PARPs) are members of a family of 17 enzymes that performs several fundamental cellular processes. Aberrant activity (mutation) in PARP12 has been linked to various diseases including inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Herein, a large library of compounds (ZINC-FDA database) has been screened virtually to identify potential PARP12 inhibitor(s). The best compounds were selected on the basis of binding affinity scores and poses. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and binding free energy calculation (MMGBSA) were carried out to delineate the stability and dynamics of the resulting complexes. To this end, root means deviations, relative fluctuation, atomic gyration, compactness, covariance, residue-residue contact map, and free energy landscapes were studied. These studies have revealed that compounds ZINC03830332, ZINC03830554, and ZINC03831186 are promising agents against mutated PARP12.

Adenium obesum commonly known as “desert rose” belongs to the family Apopcynaceae and has previously been reported for its anti-influenza, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic efficacies and well-known for their ethno-medicinal applications. In the present study, ethanolic extracts of A. obesum (AOE) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to identify the important phytochemical compounds. The GC–MS analysis of AOE detected the presence of 26 phytochemical compounds. This plant is traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases. In this report, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities of ethanolic leaf extract from A. obesum (AOE) were studied. The antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of AOE was examined by different antioxidant assays, such as antioxidant capacity by the DPPH, ABTS, superoxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. The antioxidant activities of various reaction mixtures of AOE were compared with a reference or standard antioxidant (ascorbic acid). In addition, we also evaluated the anticancer activity of AOE, and it was observed that AOE was found to be cytotoxic against A549 lung cancer cells. It was found that AOE inhibited the viability of A549 lung cancer cells by inducing nuclear condensation and fragmentation. Furthermore, ethanolic AOE demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potential of AOE in murine alveolar macrophages (J774A.1) as an in vitro model system. AOE showed its potential in reducing the levels of inflammatory mediators including the proinflammatory cytokines and TNF-α. The results obtained in the present investigation established the antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory potency of AOE, which may account for subsequent studies in the formulation of herbal-based medicine.

Dental sealants play a crucial role in the prevention of caries (tooth decay) in children, particularly in the deep grooves and fissures of their molars, where cavities are most likely to develop. By providing a protective barrier, sealants prevent bacteria and food particles from accumulating in these vulnerable areas, significantly reducing the risk of decay. Studies have shown that children with sealants have a markedly lower incidence of caries compared to those without, highlighting the importance of early intervention in dental health. The application process is quick, painless, and can be performed during a routine dental visit, making it an effective measure for enhancing oral health in pediatric populations. The impact of sealants extends beyond individual dental health; they also contribute to overall public health by reducing the burden of dental disease and the associated treatment costs. As children with untreated caries may experience pain, difficulty eating, and loss of educational opportunities, sealants serve as a preventive strategy that promotes better quality of life. Education and advocacy for the use of dental sealants are critical in increasing their adoption among children, especially in underserved communities where access to dental care may be limited. Overall, sealants represent a practical and effective approach to curbing the prevalence of dental caries in children.

Multiple individuals around the world endure diagnosed or undiagnosed mental health issues. There is a growing recognition of the significance of mental health as a primary cause of disability with substantial effects on daily functioning. Approximately 10% of those needing assistance or treatment obtain the required assistance. Primary healthcare centres are the backbone of any nation's healthcare system because they provide the primary access point to treatment, illness prevention and an enhanced quality of life. They have the potential to boost the level of quality and productivity within the healthcare system, but still, many experience several barriers while trying to approach these services. Thus, this review discusses the various reasons challenging access to mental health services from primary care in Saudi Arabia.