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去中心化物理基础设施网络是未来数字社会不可或缺的基石，它将传统依赖于集中式控制和管理的物理设施转变为由社区驱动且自主治理的新型基础设施网络，而区块链与人工智能（artificial intelligence，AI）技术的深度融合在其中起到了关键的赋能作用。为此，首先强调有机结合“AI赋能区块链”与“区块链赋能AI”，形成协同增效的双向闭环回路，以构建真正意义上的智能区块链，从而实现区块链智能新范式。其次，提出智能区块链的新型技术架构：一方面，将智能性内嵌至传统区块链架构的每一层，以培育从基础智能到基础设施智能再到应用智能的区块链智能生态；另一方面，为实际智能区块链构建与之对应的人工的智能区块链，并通过二者的虚实反馈与平行执行，形成从静态规则导向到动态适应演进的区块链智能生态。然后，从智慧合约、去中心化身份、知识管理、自主治理等角度辨析区块链智能的核心智能属性。最后，概述区块链智能的典型应用场景及面临的关键挑战。积极推进智能区块链与区块链智能技术的研究与发展，有助于构筑未来数字时代的核心基础设施。

为了从根源上解决组织管理面临的数据、信任和时效不对称问题，提出面向Web 3.0的新型组织管理模式——加密管理。它以区块链为底层技术，以联邦数据为运行基础，以去中心化自治组织为组织形态，以智能合约为实现手段，以非同质化通证为激励机制，核心目标是在数据安全与隐私保护的前提下，实现可信、可靠与可用的实时管理决策。构建了加密管理的基本框架，讨论了其核心构成与实现模式，并以面向任务的人员绩效实时管理为例，介绍了其运作流程，最后探讨了该领域潜在的研究方向。

基于区块链的非同质化通证（NFT）是一种记录在区块链上的数字资产所有权，具有唯一性、不可替代性、不可分割性等特征。作为智能经济中的核心要求，NFT目前已被广泛应用于收藏品、加密艺术品和游戏中。首先介绍NFT的相关概念、特征和发展历程，分析NFT的核心要素和典型应用领域，并指出目前NFT在产权、价值、技术、监管等方面面临的问题与风险；然后介绍NFT的研究现状，并在此基础上提出NFT在价值评估、交易模式与定价机制方面的研究问题；最后对NFT驱动的数字资产化趋势进行展望。

分布式自治并非一个新的概念，自然界中的自组织现象、互联网上的动态网民群体组织以及分布式人工智能等均可视作其早期表现形式。近年来，区块链技术的快速发展催生了去中心化自治组织（DAO），它是一种将组织的管理和运营规则以智能合约的形式编码在区块链上，从而在没有集中控制或第三方干预的情况下自主运行的组织形式。因此，DAO有望成为应对不确定、多样、复杂环境的一种新型有效组织。然而，DAO正处于起步阶段，理论研究尚处于空白，且难以实现大规模应用。本文首先对 DAO 的概念及特征做出清晰界定；接着首次系统地提出DAO五层分析框架，并以此为基础对典型的DAO应用案例——Aragon做了详尽分析；之后讨论DAO目前所面临的问题和下一步可能的研究方向，以期为未来研究提供有益的参考与借鉴。

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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Intelligent Science & Technology is the property of Beijing Xintong Media Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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大语言模型和视觉语言模型在各领域的应用中展示出巨大潜力，成为研究热点。然而，幻觉、知识迁移、与人类意图对齐等问题仍然影响着大模型的性能。首先，探讨了提示工程与对齐技术基本原理，提出基于提示优化、专家反馈机制及实时调整机制的引导概念，提升了大语言模型在跨领域应用中的性能；其次，深入分析提示工程的核心技术，如多步推理处理复杂任务的原理；然后，针对各领域的实际应用，讨论提示工程的发展现状；最后，总结提示工程面临的挑战并展望其未来发展方向。提示工程在理论与应用方面的发展，为提升大模型在实际应用中的性能提供了全面的解决方案。

旅游作为一种满足人们对不同生活体验和知识需求的活动，对经济、文化等领域都产生了深远影响。随着物联网、多模态大语言模型等技术的迅速发展，传统的旅游业难以满足人们智能化以及个性化的旅游需求。为此，以平行智能为理念，基于ACP方法与多模态大语言模型提出了虚实交互的个性化旅游服务系统，通过构建旅游大模型，并结合检索增强生成方法和多智能体协作系统，打造个性化旅游服务的新范式。此外，探讨了平行旅游的应用生态，从“行”“住”“食”“衣”4个方面对整个旅游生态进行拓展，分析了其他行业与个性化旅游服务的融合。平行旅游将为旅游行服务业的发展带来全新可能。

随着数字化转型的加速，数据已成为驱动科技创新与经济增长的核心要素。然而，广泛存在的数据孤岛现象严重阻碍了跨领域、跨组织间的数据流通与合作，使得数据供应难以满足多样化的用户需求，数据的供需匹配面临严峻挑战。作为联邦生态的核心环节和对外赋能的重要窗口，联邦服务基于分布式数据共治原则，促进了跨领域、跨组织的数据流通与协同，为智能的供需匹配提供了一种有效的技术框架。首先，探讨联邦服务在联邦生态中的重要地位以及与联邦生态各环节的关系。其次，提出联邦服务的5层基本框架，并探讨其核心优势。在此基础上，提出联邦服务的关键支撑技术，主要包括区块链和去中心化自治组织与运营、大语言模型和场景工程、分布式计算和边缘计算、加密技术和隐私计算。最后，以数据与场景的供需匹配为应用案例，介绍联邦服务如何实现智能的供需匹配。提出的联邦服务理论与技术对于构建基于分布式数据共治的智能服务范式具有重要意义。

研究了丙硫氧嘧啶对L—半胱氨酸包覆的ZnS纳米粒子荧光强度的影响,发现在pH=6.5的KH2PO4-NaOH缓冲溶液中,丙硫氧嘧啶对功能化ZnS纳米粒子有荧光猝灭作用,据此建立了以功能化的ZnS纳米粒子为荧光探针测定药物制剂中丙硫氧嘧啶含量的荧光分析法.丙硫氧嘧啶浓度在4.00×10-6~4.00×10-4 mol • L-1范围内与体系的荧光强度线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.998 7,检出限(S/N=3)为1.70×10-6 mol • L-1,对浓度为4.00× 10-5 mol • L-1丙硫氧嘧啶标准溶液平行测定11次的相对标准偏差为1.49%.该法用于丙硫氧嘧啶片中丙硫氧嘧啶含量测定,结果令人满意.