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目的探讨影响膀胱癌根治（RC）尿流改道术围手术期安全的因素。方法回顾性收集2001年1月至2020年8月在本中心泌尿外科接受RC术患者的临床病理指标、术后并发症及预后情况等指标并进行统计分析。并对其中2011-2020年的患者按开放手术组（ORC）、腹腔镜组（LRC）、机器人辅助腹腔镜组（RARC）进一步分析比较。本研究采用独立样本t检验、卡方检验、线性回归、K-M生存曲线等统计方法描述患者并发症及预后情况，Logistic回归分析RC术后并发症的影响因素。结果在2001-2020年的1 041例行RC术的患者中，中位年龄63（55~69）岁；男性和女性占比分别为86.0%和14.0%。比较2001-2010与2011-2020年前后10年数据，并发症发生率有明显下降（37.4% vs. 26.7%）。分析2011至2020年667例RC术患者的并发症情况，中位随访时间34个月。其中ORC组415例，LRC组161例，RARC组91例。在尿流改道方式中，回肠导管术共计659例，占比63.3%；原位新膀胱术343例，占比32.9%。所有级别并发症发生率30.5%，最常见的并发症是泌尿系并发症（15.8%）。开放手术组总并发症和≥3级并发症发生率高于腹腔镜、机器人手术组（总并发症：ORC，30.8%；LRC，21.1%，RARC，24.2%；P=0.047；≥3级并发症：ORC，14.7%；LRC，9.3%，RARC，6.6%；P=0.043）。线性趋势检验分析提示，本中心患者近期（≤90 d）并发症发生率在2011年至2020年呈下降趋势（χ2=10.013，P=0.002）。结论随着手术技术的提高和经验的积累，RC术后近期并发症发生率有下降趋势；与开放手术相比，微创手术特别是机器人辅助腹腔镜手术在降低并发症发生率上有一定优势。

目的：研究CD4 T淋巴细胞内的基础ATP浓度代替CD4/CD8比值用于评估结核病感染者免疫状态的可行性。方法：本研究通过磁珠法分离相同体积全血中的CD4、CD8细胞，并计算CD4和CD8细胞的基础ATP浓度来评估结核病感染者的免疫状态，以QFM（Quantiferon Monitor）检测法作为对照。结果：研究发现传统的CD4/CD8比值或CD4 T细胞计数方法不适用于结核病患者。采用CD4细胞的基础ATP浓度来监测活动性结核患者和健康人群，在以290.7×10-6 g/L为cut-off值，AUROC为0.8719，其灵敏度为86.21%，特异性为76.19%，差异有统计学意义（P+T淋巴细胞胞内基础ATP浓度来评估结核病感染者的免疫状态。提示CD4+ T淋巴细胞的基础ATP浓度比CD4/CD8比值可以更好用于评估结核病患者的免疫状态。

目的对比分析脱细胞真皮基质与耳屏软骨-软骨膜在鼓膜修补中的疗效及组织病理学差异。方法74例慢性化脓性中耳炎患者分成两组，A组脱细胞真皮基质作为鼓膜修补材料，共23例，B组耳屏软骨-软骨膜复合物作为修补材料，共51例。收集两组患者鼓膜表面血管生长时间以及修补鼓膜完全上皮化时间，比较两组的差别。收集两种材料送病理科行组织切片，对比观察两者之间的差异。结果两组术后鼓膜愈合率均为100%，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后可见表面血管爬生时间A组为（3.74±1.05）周，B组为（2.22±0.42）周，B组血管爬生更快，且两组之间差异有统计学意义（t=6.70，Pt=6.19，P

文章仿真研究了两种改进型光双二进制调制格式。首先对比分析了产生两种改进型光双二进制调制格式的发射机结构及两种调制格式的码型和频谱特性,随后进行了系统的传输性能仿真。仿真结果表明:当残留色散较大时,改进Ⅱ型光双二进制调制格式性能较为优异;而在-13.22.8dBm入纤光功率范围内,与改进Ⅱ型光双二进制和NRZ（非归零）码调制格式相比,改进Ⅰ型光双二进制的Q值最高,抗非线性效应能力最强。

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Copyright of Modern Preventive Medicine is the property of Modern Preventive Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objective In order to provide reference and basis for the scientific research capacity training of medical graduates, the current situation training for professional graduates majoring in neurosurgery was investigated and analyzed. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among graduates majoring in neurosurgery at Xuanwu Hospital. Possible relevant factors were analyzed, including scientific research awareness, scientific research initiative, scientific research interest, weekly science citation indexTM (SCI) literature reading, number of thesis published in Chinese core journals, number of thesis published in SCI journals, and participation in clinical and basic research project, number of registered clinical studies, experience in writing fund applications, supervisor′s scientific research requirements, participation in Journal Club activities. The current status of scientific research capacity building of graduates in our department and the factors of scientific research productivity were analyzed. Results Professional graduate majoring in neurosurgery had the highest weekly scientific research literature reading score (4.32±1.04), higher scientific research awareness, scientific research initiative, and scientific research interest scores (3.82-3.89). However, participation in scientific research (2.80±1.18) and thesis publication (2.50±1.52) were relatively low. Comparing graduates of different grades, scientific research awareness and initiative increase with raising grade. Most of first-year master candidates had the lowest scores in sum of relevant factors. In addition, the result of linear regression analysis suggested that scientific research interest and participation in scientific research had a significant impact on scientific research productivity (P＜0.05). Conclusions It is necessary to stimulate graduates′ interest in scientific research and encourage them to join research project and strengthen the capacity of setting research goals. Also more efforts are needed to optimize research and training environment in terms of tutors and institutions, thus to promote the building of research capacity of graduates to meet the comprehensive requirements for cultivation of medical talents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electric Drive for Locomotives is the property of Electric Drive for Locomotives Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electric Power is the property of Electric Power Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Carsologica Sinica is the property of Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis is the property of Editorial Office of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Guangdong Agricultural Sciences is the property of South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Industrial Water Treatment is the property of CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research & Design Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To investigate the inhibitory mechanism of small peptides on carbohydrate digestion, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory fractions from the water extract and the gastropancreatic digest of dry-cured ham muscle of Wanzhe spotted pigs were separated, purified, identified, and screened for peptide sequences. And the quantum chemical calculation was used to calculate structural and charge parameters including the distribution and energy of the frontier orbitals, electrostatic charge distribution and bond length, in order to speculate the active sites. It was found that the particle size of ham muscle decreased and its hypoglycemic activity increased after proteolysis. Two (S-I and S-II) and three fractions (WY-I, WY-II and WY-III) were obtained from the water extract and the digest after Sephadex column chromatography, respectively. Using mass spectrometry, 104 peptide sequences consisting of 8–24 amino acids were identified from fraction WY-II and five sequences with Peptide Ranker scores greater than 0.7 were selected. The highest occupied orbitals of the five sequences were mainly distributed in the guanidine groups of arginine and the groups close to the amino-terminal end, while the lowest unoccupied orbitals were in the carboxyl terminals and nearby groups. Sequences with lower ΔEL-H values, GPMGPSGPR, LGFGGPSGPNAGR and APAPAPAPAPPK, might be more active. According to Coulomb’s law, the active sites of these three peptides were located at –C106H108 of arginine, –C10H12 of leucine and –C176H177 of lysine, respectively. This study could provide theoretical support for understanding the blood glucose-regulating mechanism of peptides and the nutritional value of local pig breeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industrial Water Treatment is the property of CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research & Design Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Alkaline potassium persulfate (K2S2O8 ) ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry is the routine method to analyze total nitrogen (TN) in water and is important for studying pollutants in water and the geochemical cycling of TN. However, several analytical conditions can influence the accuracy of the results. (1) The blank, purity, and storage time of K2S2O8 . For example, a blank UV of K2S2O8 exceeding 0.030 can lead to a significant underestimation of results. (2) The digestion method of bundling colorimetric tubes in high temperature and high pressure is time-consuming. (3) Improper sample storage conditions can lower measurement results. To improve the accuracy and efficiency of TN measurement in water samples, this study compared the storage times of different K2S2O8 , different digestion methods, and sample storage methods. The results show that the domestic premiumgrade alkaline K2S2O8 should be stored for <30 days (blank UV<0.03). The insertion digestion method is much more efficient (124°C, 20min). Acidification extends samples’ shelf life from 1 day to 7 days. Therefore, choosing domestic premium-grade K2S2O8 and using the modified insertion method for sample digestion results in lower detection limits, higher digestion efficiency, minimal risk of contamination and misplacement, and improved accuracy of TN measurement in water quality analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology / Shuiwendizhi Gongchengdizhi is the property of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Aiming at the problems of low efficiency of minor repair and maintenance of military equipment in the synthetic force, strong randomness of maintenance human resource allocation, and unbalanced and unreasonable resource utilization, taking the armored equipment as the research object, this paper analyzes the task and demand of the operation process of relying on maintenance workshops to carry out equipment minor repairs in peacetime. The optimization goals are to minimize the total maintenance period and maximize the balance of maintenance personnel allocation, taking the professional and quantity requirements of maintenance personnel in the maintenance process as constraints, a mathematical model of the equipment minor repair operation process is constructed. And then aiming at the sequence relationship of maintenance procedures, a maintenance network process update algorithm with tabu table and a genetic algorithm considering equipment parallel maintenance operations are proposed to optimize the maintenance human resource allocation strategy for equipment minor maintenance operations. The example shows that the algorithm is reasonable and feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To explore the immune-related characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), discover potential tumor markers in V-J genes, and lay the foundation for establishing a TCR-antigen recognition prediction model. Methods·A total of 704 NSCLC samples were collected to establish a comprehensive T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis workflow. The upstream analysis included steps such as raw data processing, quality control, filtering, TCR sequence identification, and extraction. The downstream analysis included repertoire clone distribution, clone typing, V-J gene sharing, CDR3 distribution characteristics, and clone tracking. The sample clone distribution was analyzed by using indices such as Shannon-Weiner index and Chao1 index. Clone typing was performed based on the number of clone amplifications to explore differences among different types. The degree of V-J gene segment sharing was analyzed, and the sharing of low-frequency clone types was determined through clone amplification weight analysis of V-J genes by using two samples of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Finally, analysis of the distribution characteristics of V genes and high-frequency clone type CDR3, and clone tracking analysis were conducted to monitor changes in tumor immune clone frequencies before and after analysis, aiming to identify potential tumor markers. Results·① Significant differences were observed in clone distribution and clone typing among different NSCLC tissues, as well as among different ages and genders. ② Specific highly-shared V-J genes were identified in the analysis of V-J gene sharing, and non-normal distribution of high-clone V genes and amino acid high-frequency clone types were found in the CDR3 distribution analysis. ③ In the analysis of high-frequency clone type clone tracking, highly expressed or newly expressed high-frequency clone types were observed in NSCLC, suggesting that these clone types could serve as potential tumor-associated antigens or bind with CDR3 reference sequences of new antigens. ④ It was found that the expression frequency of TRBJ2-5 gene, originally low-expressed, significantly increased, indicating its potential role as a key low-frequency gene in tumor immune response. Conclusion·The TRAV21 and TRBV6.5 genes show high clone amplification in NSCLC and could serve as potential tumor biomarkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)