120 results on '"Wackerhage, Henning"'
Search Results
102. The Hippo pathway member Yap plays a key role in influencing fate decisions in muscle satellite cells
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Judson, Robert N., primary, Tremblay, Annie M., additional, Knopp, Paul, additional, White, Robert B., additional, Urcia, Roby, additional, De Bari, Cosimo, additional, Zammit, Peter S., additional, Camargo, Fernando D., additional, and Wackerhage, Henning, additional
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- 2013
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103. Constitutive Expression of Yes-Associated Protein (Yap) in Adult Skeletal Muscle Fibres Induces Muscle Atrophy and Myopathy
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Judson, Robert N., primary, Gray, Stuart R., additional, Walker, Claire, additional, Carroll, Andrew M., additional, Itzstein, Cecile, additional, Lionikas, Arimantas, additional, Zammit, Peter S., additional, De Bari, Cosimo, additional, and Wackerhage, Henning, additional
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- 2013
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104. Selective activation of AMPK-PGC-1α or PKB-TCC2-mTOR signalling can explain specific adaptive responses to endurance or resistance training-like electrical muscle stimulation.
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Atherton, Philip J., Badraj, John A., Smith, Kenneth, Singh, Jaipaul, Rennie, Michael j., Wackerhage, Henning, Atherton, Philip J., Badraj, John A., Smith, Kenneth, Singh, Jaipaul, Rennie, Michael j., and Wackerhage, Henning
- Abstract
Endurance training induces a partial fast‐to‐slow muscle phenotype transformation and mitochondrial biogenesis but no growth. In contrast, resistance training mainly stimulates muscle protein synthesis resulting in hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to identify signaling events that may mediate the specific adaptations to these types of exercise. Isolated rat muscles were electrically stimulated with either high frequency (HFS; 6×10 repetitions of 3 s‐bursts at 100 Hz to mimic resistance training) or low frequency (LFS; 3 h at 10 Hz to mimic endurance training). HFS significantly increased myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis 3 h after stimulation 5.3‐ and 2.7‐fold, respectively. LFS had no significant effect on protein synthesis 3 h after stimulation but increased UCP3 mRNA 11.7‐fold, whereas HFS had no significant effect on UCP3 mRNA. Only LFS increased AMPK phosphorylation significantly at Thr172 by ∼2‐fold and increased PGC‐1α protein to 1.3 times of control. LFS had no effect on PKB phosphorylation but reduced TSC2 phosphorylation at Thr1462 and deactivated translational regulators. In contrast, HFS acutely increased phosphorylation of PKB at Ser473 5.3‐fold and the phosphorylation of TSC2, mTOR, GSK‐3β at PKB‐sensitive sites. HFS also caused a prolonged activation of the translational regulators p70 S6k, 4E‐BP1, eIF‐2B, and eEF2. These data suggest that a specific signaling response to LFS is a specific activation of the AMPK‐PGC‐1α signaling pathway which may explain some endurance training adaptations. HFS selectively activates the PKB‐TSC2‐mTOR cascade causing a prolonged activation of translational regulators, which is consistent with increased protein synthesis and muscle growth. We term this behavior the “AMPK‐PKB switch.” We hypothesize that the AMPK‐PKB switch is a mechanism that partially mediates specific adaptations to endurance and resistance training, respectively.
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- 2005
105. The Hippo pathway member Yap plays a key role in influencing fate decisions in muscle satellite cells
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Judson, Robert N., primary, Tremblay, Annie M., additional, Knopp, Paul, additional, White, Robert B., additional, Urcia, Roby, additional, De Bari, Cosimo, additional, Zammit, Peter S., additional, Camargo, Fernando D., additional, and Wackerhage, Henning, additional
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- 2012
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106. H55N polymorphism as a likely cause of variation in citrate synthase activity of mouse skeletal muscle
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Ratkevicius, Aivaras, primary, Carroll, Andrew M., additional, Kilikevicius, Audrius, additional, Venckunas, Tomas, additional, McDermott, Kevin T., additional, Gray, Stuart R., additional, Wackerhage, Henning, additional, and Lionikas, Arimantas, additional
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- 2010
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107. Blockades of mitogen-activated protein kinase and calcineurin both change fibre-type markers in skeletal muscle culture.
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Higginson, James, Wackerhage, Henning, Woods, Niall, Schjerling, Peter, Ratkevicius, Aivaras, Grunnet, Niels, Quistorff, Bjørn, Higginson, James, Wackerhage, Henning, Woods, Niall, Schjerling, Peter, Ratkevicius, Aivaras, Grunnet, Niels, and Quistorff, Bjørn
- Abstract
Udgivelsesdato: 2002-Dec, Activation of either the calcineurin or the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) pathway increases the percentage of slow fibres in vivo suggesting that both pathways can regulate fibre phenotypes in skeletal muscle. We investigated the effect of calcineurin blockade with cyclosporin A and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1/2) blockade with U0126 upon myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform mRNA levels and activities of metabolic enzymes after 1 day, 3 days and 7 days of treatment in primary cultures of spontaneously twitching rat skeletal muscle. U0126 treatment significantly decreased MHC Ibeta mRNA levels and significantly increased MHC IIX, MHC IIB, embryonal MHC and perinatal MHC mRNA levels when compared to control. In addition, U0126 treatment significantly increased lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, hexokinase, malate dehydrogenase and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities above control values while a significant reduction in the percentage of pyruvate dehydrogenase in the active form was also observed. Calcineurin blockade significantly decreased both MHC Ibeta and embryonal mRNA levels below control and significantly increased MHC IIX mRNA levels. Significant increases in the activities of both lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase above control values were also seen following cyclosporin A treatment. In conclusion, the results suggest that calcineurin upregulates slow-fibre genes and suppresses fast-fibre genes. Similarly, the ERK1/2 pathway upregulates slow-fibre MHC and suppresses fast-fibre MHC isoforms. However, the effect on enzyme activities is not fibre-type specific. The effect of U0126 on the percentage of pyruvate dehydrogenase in the active form suggests that the ERK1/2 pathway may also be involved in regulation of the phosphorylation state of this enzyme.
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- 2002
108. Recovering from Eccentric Exercise: Get Weak to Become Strong
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Wackerhage, Henning, primary
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- 2003
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109. Connecting the Dots for Mechanochemical Transduction in Muscle
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Rennie, Michael J., primary and Wackerhage, Henning, additional
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- 2003
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110. Recovery of free ADP, Pi, and free energy of ATP hydrolysis in human skeletal muscle.
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WACKERHAGE, HENNING, HOFFMANN, UWE, ESSFELD, DIETER, LEYK, DIETER, MUELLER, KLAUS, and ZANGE, JOCHEN
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- 1998
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111. Recovery of free ADP, Pi, and free energy of ATP hydrolysis in human skeletal muscle
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Wackerhage, Henning, primary, Hoffmann, Uwe, additional, Essfeld, Dieter, additional, Leyk, Dieter, additional, Mueller, Klaus, additional, and Zange, Jochen, additional
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- 1998
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112. Distinct mesenchymal progenitor cell subsets in the adult human synovium
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Karystinou, Alexandra, Dell'Accio, Francesco, Kurth, Tobias B. A., Wackerhage, Henning, Khan, Ilyas M., Archer, Charles W., Jones, Elena A., Mitsiadis, Thimios A., De Bari, Cosimo, Karystinou, Alexandra, Dell'Accio, Francesco, Kurth, Tobias B. A., Wackerhage, Henning, Khan, Ilyas M., Archer, Charles W., Jones, Elena A., Mitsiadis, Thimios A., and De Bari, Cosimo
- Abstract
Objective. To analyse the heterogeneity at the single-cell level of human mesenchymal progenitor cells from SM. Methods. Cell populations were enzymatically released from the knee joint synovium of adult human individuals. Single cell-derived clonal populations were obtained by limiting dilution and serially passaged to determine growth rates. Phenotypic analysis was carried out by flow cytometry. Replicative senescence was assessed by the senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Telomere lengths were determined semiquantitatively by Southern blotting. Telomerase activity was measured using a real-time quantitative telomerase repeat amplification procedure. Culture-expanded clonal populations were subjected to in vitro differentiation assays to investigate their mesenchymal multipotency. Results. The 50 clones analysed displayed wide variations in the proliferation rates, even within the same donor sample. The time taken to reach 20 population doublings ranged from 44 to 130 days. The phenotype of the clones tested was compatible with that of mesenchymal stem cells. Mean telomere lengths ranged from 5.2 to 10.9 kb with positive linear trend with telomerase activity, but no correlation with proliferative rates or cell senescence. All clones tested were capable of chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation, though with large variability in potency. In contrast, only 30% of the clones were adipogenic. Conclusions. We report for the first time the co-existence, within the synovium, of progenitor cell subsets with distinct mesenchymal differentiation potency. Our findings further emphasize the need for strategies to purify cell populations with the clinically desired tissue formation potentials
113. ACSM 2022 - Author Index.
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- 2022
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114. Sport als ergänzende Behandlung bei krebskranken Kindern
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Weeber, Peter, Wackerhage, Henning (Prof. Dr.), and Oberhoffer-Fritz, Renate Maria (Prof. Dr.)
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Sport, Kinder, Katecholamine, Adrenalin, Noradrenalin, Krebs, Zellkultur ,ddc:790 ,exercise, children, catecholamines, adrenaline, noradrenaline, cancer, cell culture ,Sport, Spiele, Unterhaltung - Abstract
Physical exercise contributes to a healthy lifestyle and decreases the risk of developing several diseases, including cancer. Exercise might also be beneficial to cancer treatment and its side effects. The work of this dissertation emphasizes the need for specific research in pediatric exercise oncology and shows that the expression of adrenergic receptor isoforms could be an essential mediator of the effect of exercise on cancer. Sport und Bewegung sind wesentliche Bestandteile eines gesunden Lebensstils. Wer sich regelmäßig bewegt, beugt damit Krankheiten vor; unter anderem auch Krebs. Sport schützt nicht nur vor der Entstehung einer Reihe von Krebsarten sondern kann auch die Therapie begünstigen und Nebenwirkungen verringern. Die Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation legen nahe, dass Kinder in der Sportonkologie stärker in den Fokus rücken sollten und adrenerge Rezeptoren eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Wirkung von Sport auf Krebs haben könnten.
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- 2022
115. Metaboliten- und Proteinprofile sportlichen Trainings, körperlicher Leistungsfähigkeit und des sportlichen Phänotyp beim gesunden Menschen
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Schranner, Daniela, Wackerhage, Henning (Prof. Dr.), and Wilhelm, Mathias (Prof. Dr.)
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ddc:790 ,Sport, Spiele, Unterhaltung - Abstract
Through incorporation of the existent literature and two experimental studies, this cumulative thesis aims to answer the first set of questions that arise during an individualization in exercise science by using omics techniques. Metabolites and proteins were quantified in healthy human subjects in response to short- and long-term exercise. This thesis showed that exercise related phenotypes are reflected in the blood metabolome and that proteins can be used to predict trainability of endurance. Diese Thesis vereint die bestehende Literatur mit zwei experimentellen Studien und beantwortet Fragen, die bei einer verstärkten Individualisierung des sportlichen Trainings auftreten. Dafür wurden Metaboliten und Proteine beim gesunden Menschen nach kurzer und langer sportlicher Belastung mit sogenannten Omics Methoden gemessen. Die Thesis zeigte, dass der sportliche Phänotyp auch im Blutmetabolom abgebildet wird und dass man mit Proteinen die Trainierbarkeit der Ausdauer vorhersagen kann.
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- 2022
116. Genetik von Skelettmuskel-Phänotypen mit einem Fokus auf Hippo-Gene
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Yaghoob Nezhad, Fakhreddin, Wackerhage, Henning (Prof. Dr.), and Köhler, Karsten (Prof. Dr.)
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ddc:790 ,Sport, Spiele, Unterhaltung - Abstract
We use our ≈650 skeletal muscles to move, stand, speak, generate force, heat, store glucose as glycogen, and amino acids as protein. Many of these functions vary greatly in the human population and twin and family studies suggest that much of this variability can be explained by genetics. Whilst transgenic mouse studies and human genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified some causal genes and DNA variants, much still needs to be discovered. The aim of this thesis was therefore to identify genes and DNA variants that are associated with sports and exercise-related skeletal muscle phenotypes such as muscle hypertrophy, endurance, and fiber type distribution. A special focus is on genes that are part of the so-called Hippo signal transduction network, a regulatory system involved in proliferation, stem cell function, regeneration, growth, organ size, and other phenotypes. In the first study systematic review, I conducted a systematic review of genes whose gain or loss-of-function increases endurance capacity in mice. We found 31 genes whose manipulation increases running or swimming endurance performance by up to 1800%. Several of endurance capacity regulating genes are also associated with endurance capacity and/or VO2max trainability indicating evolutionary conservation between humans and mice. The second study is an experimental study in which I phenotyped and compared the muscles of hind limbs of mice where Hippo genes were mutated (Lats1-/-, Mst2-/-, Vgll3-/-, and Vgll4+/- mutated mice) with those of wild-type control mice. I found that Lats1-/- mice had 11% more slow type I fibers and 11% fewer type IIa fibers, suggesting a slow-twitch phenotype. Taken together, the results of this thesis give a deeper insight into the genetics of endurance performance and identify Lats1 as a gene that contributes to determining whether a muscle is slow versus a fast-twitch muscle. Wir benutzen unsere 650 Skelettmuskeln, um uns zu bewegen, zu stehen, zu sprechen, Kraft und Wärme zu erzeugen, und um Glukose als Glykogen und Aminosäuren als Protein zu speichern. Viele dieser Funktionen variieren stark in der menschlichen Bevölkerung und Zwillings- und Familienstudien legen nahe, dass ein Großteil dieser Variabilität durch genetische Variabilität erklärt werden kann. Während transgene Mausstudien und humane genomweite Assoziationsstudien (GWAS) einige kausale Gene und DNA-Varianten identifiziert haben, muss noch viel entdeckt werden. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, Gene und DNA-Varianten zu identifizieren, die mit sport- und trainingsbezogenen Skelettmuskelphänotypen wie Muskelhypertrophie, Ausdauer und Fasertypverteilung assoziiert sind. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf Genen, die Teil des sogenannten Hippo-Signaltransduktionsnetzwerks sind, einem regulatorischen System, das an der Regulation von Proliferation, Stammzellfunktion, Regeneration, Wachstum, Organgröße und anderen Phänotypen beteiligt ist. In der ersten systematischen Übersichtsarbeit haben wir nach Genen gesuch, deren Funktionsgewinn oder -verlust die Ausdauerleistung bei Mäusen erhöht. Wir fanden 31 Gene, deren Manipulation die Ausdauerleistung beim Laufen oder Schwimmen um bis zu 1800% erhöht. Mehrere der die Ausdauerleistung regulierenden Gene sind auch mit der Ausdauerleistung und/oder der VO2max-Trainierbarkeit assoziiert, was auf eine evolutionäre Konservierung zwischen Mäusen und Menschen hindeutet. Die zweite Studie war eine experimentelle Studie, in der ich die Muskeln der Hintergliedmaßen von Mäusen, in denen Hippo-Gene mutiert waren (Lats1-/-, Mst2-/-, Vgll3-/- und Vgll4+/- mutierte Mäuse), phänotypisiert und mit denen von Wildtyp-Kontrollmäusen verglichen habe. Ich fand heraus, dass Lats1-/- Mäuse 11 % mehr langsame Typ-I-Fasern und 11 % weniger Typ-IIa-Fasern hatten, was auf einen Slow-Twitch-Phänotyp hindeutet. Zusammengenommen geben die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit einen tieferen Einblick in die Genetik die Ausdauerleistung und identifizieren Lats1 als ein Gen, das dazu beiträgt zu bestimmen, ob ein Muskel ein langsam- oder schnell zuckender Muskel ist.
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- 2022
117. Injury and illness management in young competitive alpine skiers: Implementation of an injury and training database
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Hildebrandt, Carolin, Oberhoffer-Fritz, Renate M. (Prof. Dr.), and Wackerhage, Henning (Prof. Dr.)
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Medizin und Gesundheit ,Verletzungen, alpiner Skirennlauf, Nachwuchsleistungssport ,ddc:790 ,injuries, alpine skiing, youth sport ,ddc:610 ,Sport, Spiele, Unterhaltung - Abstract
91 Skirennläufer (9-14a) wurden prospektiv beobachtet, um die Inzidenz von Verletzungen und Erkrankungen zu registrieren. Die traumatischen Verletzungen zeigten eine Inzidenz von 1,1/1000 Trainingsstunden, die Überlastungsverletzungen 0,3/1000 Trainingsstunden. Trainingsvolumen und Intensität stellten keinen signifikanten Risikofaktor für Verletzungen dar. Die Trainingsintensität stellte einen Risikofaktor für gehäufte Erkrankungen in der gleichen Woche dar, das Trainingsvolumen zeigte sich als Risikofaktor für Erkrankungen in der Folgewoche. 91 elite youth ski racers (9-14a) were prospectively recorded to monitor injuries and illnesses. Injuries represented an incidence of 1.1/1000 hours of training, overuse injuries 0.3/1000 hours of training. Weekly training volume and training intensity did not represent a significant risk factor for traumatic and overuse injuries. Training intensity was a significant risk factor for illnesses in the same week, whereas training volume represents a risk factor for illnesses in the following week.
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- 2022
118. Volume 35 Author Index.
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- 2017
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119. Über das Verhältnis von Glukosestoffwechsel und Skelettmuskelhypertrophie
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Verbrugge, Sander Antonius Johannes, Wackerhage, Henning (Prof. Dr.), and Hofmann, Susanna (Prof. Dr.)
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ddc:790 ,Sport, Spiele, Unterhaltung - Abstract
Maintaining or increasing skeletal muscle mass is important to prevent age-associated decline in daily functioning. Resistance exercise increases skeletal muscle mass and offers a tool to a prevent muscle loss. Furthermore, resistance exercise increases glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, which is beneficial for glycaemic control. On the other hand, recently it has been proposed that glucose can be used as a building block for anabolic processes, at least in non- muscle cells. We do not know whether glucose metabolism contributes to muscle growth. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to identify genes and study mechanisms through which skeletal muscle can use glucose for growth processes. In study I, II and III we searched the scientific literature to identify genes whose gain- or loss-of-function increases skeletal muscle mass in mice, or alter skeletal muscle glucose uptake or increases endurance capacity. We found 47 genes that cause muscle hypertrophy after gene manipulation. Several of these genes are connected to signalling pathways that are able to induce hypertrophy, including 1) IGF1-AKT-MTOR pathway, 2) myostatin-Smad signalling, and 3) the angiotensin-bradykinin signalling pathway. Whether these hypertrophy genes also regulate glucose uptake remains to be determined. We found 176 glucose uptake genes that alter glucose uptake in skeletal muscle after gene manipulation. 12 of these genes also control muscle mass. 46 of the glucose uptake genes respond to acute resistance exercise, which warrant further investigation to determine their role in muscle size regulation. In study IV, we investigated the contribution of Warburg effect-associated enzyme PKM2 to muscle growth. Resistance exercise in humans for 6 weeks increases PKM2 abundance which is associated with increased muscle fiber size. In vitro, we determined that PKM2 is essential for IGF1 mediated myotube growth. Whether glucose incorporation in myotube is controlled by PKM2 remains to be determined. Together, the work in this thesis shows that candidates involved in glucose metabolism are important for muscle growth. In addition, we found genes previously unrecognised to play a dual role in both glucose metabolism and muscle hypertrophy. Thus, the studies in this thesis suggest that the interplay between skeletal muscle metabolism and hypertrophy warrant further investigation. Der Erhalt oder die Zunahme der Skelettmuskelmasse ist wichtig, um altersbedingte Beeinträchtigungen der täglichen Funktionen zu verhindern. Krafttraining erhöht die Skelettmuskelmasse und bietet ein Weg um Muskelverlust zu verhindern. Außerdem erhöht Krafttraining die Glukoseaufnahme in der Skelettmuskulatur, was für die Blutzuckerkontrolle von Vorteil ist. Andererseits wurde vorgeschlagen, dass Glukose als Baustein für anabole Prozesse verwendet werden kann, zumindest in Nicht-Muskelzellen. Wir wissen nicht, ob der Glukosestoffwechsel zum Muskelwachstum beiträgt. Daher ist es das Ziel dieser Arbeit, Gene zu identifizieren und Mechanismen zu untersuchen, durch die der Skelettmuskel Glukose für Wachstumsprozesse nutzen kann. In den Studien I, II und III untersuchten wir die wissenschaftliche Literatur, um Gene zu identifizieren, deren gain- oder loss-of-function die Skelettmuskelmasse bei Mäusen erhöht, die Glukoseaufnahme der Skelettmuskulatur verändert oder die Ausdauerleistung erhöht. Wir fanden 47 Gene, die nach Genmanipulation eine Muskelhypertrophie verursachen. Mehrere dieser Gene sind mit Signalwegen verbunden, die in der Lage sind, Hypertrophie zu induzieren, darunter 1) IGF1-AKT-MTOR-Signalweg, 2) Myostatin-Smad- Signalweg und 3) der Angiotensin-Bradykinin-Signalweg. Ob diese Hypertrophie-Gene auch die Glukoseaufnahme regulieren, muss noch untersucht werden. Wir fanden 176 Gene für die Glukoseaufnahme, die die Glukoseaufnahme im Skelettmuskel nach Genmanipulation verändern. 12 dieser Gene steuern auch die Muskelmasse. 46 der Gene für die Glukoseaufnahme reagieren auf akutes Krafttraining, was weitere Untersuchungen rechtfertigt, um ihre Rolle bei der Regulation der Muskelgröße zu bestimmen. In Studie IV untersuchten wir den Beitrag des mit dem Warburg-Effekt assoziierten Enzyms PKM2 zum Muskelwachstum. Krafttraining beim Menschen über 6 Wochen erhöht die PKM2-Häufigkeit, was mit einer erhöhten Muskelfasergröße verbunden ist. In vitro haben wir festgestellt, dass PKM2 essentiell für IGF1-vermitteltes Myotubewachstum ist. Ob der Glukoseeinbau in die Myotube durch PKM2 kontrolliert wird, muss noch untersucht werden. Zusammengenommen zeigt die Arbeit in dieser Dissertation, dass Kandidaten, die am Glukosestoffwechsel beteiligt sind, wichtig für das Muskelwachstum sind. Darüber hinaus fanden wir Gene, von denen bisher nicht bekannt war, dass sie eine Doppelrolle sowohl im Glukosestoffwechsel als auch in der Muskelhypertrophie spielen. Somit legen die Studien in dieser Arbeit nahe, dass das Zusammenspiel von Skelettmuskelstoffwechsel und Hypertrophie weiter untersucht werden sollte.
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- 2022
120. Meniscus function under extreme load - examination of healthy athletes during a mountain ultramarathon
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Bachmann, Laura, Imhoff, Andreas B. (Prof. Dr.), and Wackerhage, Henning (Prof. Dr.)
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Meniscus, Meniscal extrusion, ultramarathon ,Medizin und Gesundheit ,Meniskus, Meniskusextrusion, Extrembelastung, Ultramarathon ,ddc:610 - Abstract
Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Auswirkungen eines Ultramarathons auf die mediale Meniskusextrusion (MME) in gesunden Athleten zu untersuchen. Generell wird eine MME von mehr als 3 mm als pathologisch angesehen und ist ein indirektes Zeichen für einen Funktionsverlust des Meniskus. Untersucht wurde die MME mittels Ultraschall im Stehen und Liegen während eines siebentägigen Etappenlaufes in den Alpen. Dabei zeigte sich eine reversible MME von mehr als 3 mm in gesunden, symptomfreien Knien. Dies zeigt, dass der Meniskus eine enorme elastische Kapazität hat und sich kurzfristig an höhere Belastungen anpassen kann. Daher sollte der aktuelle Begriff der Meniskusextrusion nicht ausschließlich als Zeichen einer Pathologie im MRT bewertet werden. The aim oft the present study was to evaluate the influence of mountain ultramarathon running on the medial meniscus extrusion (MME) in healthy athletes. MME of more than 3 mm is seen as pathological and as an indirect sign for loss of function oft the meniscus. MME was determined in supine and standing position via ultrasound imaging during a seven day stage run in the alps. The meniscus showed a reversible MME of more than 3 mm in healthy knees. This suggests that the meniscus has viscoelastic capacities showing shortterm adaptions to high loads. Therefore the term of MME should not only be considered as a pathological sign in MRI imaging.
- Published
- 2022
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