7,453 results
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2. COLORIMETRIC PAPER-BASED DEVICE BY ENZYMATIC REACTION FOR DETECTING ALLOPURINOL IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE.
- Author
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Pratiwi, Rimadani, Nabila, Hanun, Saputri, Febrina Amelia, and Nuwarda, Rina Fajri
- Subjects
TRADITIONAL medicine ,ALLOPURINOL ,XANTHINE oxidase ,FILTER paper ,URIC acid - Abstract
The paper-based device for allopurinol detection was developed by an enzymatic reaction. The concept is that allopurinol will act by blocking the xanthine oxidase enzyme to produce uric acid and H2O2, resulting in a color change from purple to pale purple until it is colorless. The concept was proofed by spectrophotometry and was applied in four types of filter paper including Whatman Qualitative No. 1, No. 4, and No. 6, and Whatman 1 chromatography. The application of this system was observed using ImageJ analysis. The performance of the paper reveals that each Whatman has different characteristics with LOD and LOQ range were 1.62-2.24 ppm and 4.91-6.80 ppm, respectively. The stability study shows that all of the paper was stable for 3 days both at room temperature (around 24°C-26°C) and 4°C. The presence of another drug like paracetamol did not prevent allopurinol detection. The real traditional medicine sample was also analyzed to confirm the applicability of this paper, and the result showed good agreement with spectrophotometry data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. All around suboptimal health — a joint position paper of the Suboptimal Health Study Consortium and European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine
- Author
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Olga Golubnitschaja, Bo Li, Zhaohua Zhong, Youxin Wang, Yulu Zheng, Yuxiang Yan, Xiuhua Guo, Enoch Odame Anto, Haifeng Hou, Zheng Guo, Timothy Kang, Monique Garcia, Gehendra Mahara, Xuerui Tan, and Wei Wang
- Subjects
Behavioural patterns ,Medical ethics ,Sleep medicine ,Artificial intelligence (AI) ,Drug Discovery ,Health care ,Periodontal health ,Body mass index (BMI) ,Individualised patient profile ,Risk assessment ,Big data management ,Dietary habits ,Glycan ,Cardiovascular disease ,Health policy ,Adolescence ,Mood disorders ,Cancers ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Suboptimal health status (SHS) ,Stress overload ,Communicable ,Multi-parametric analysis ,Neurologic diseases ,Omics ,Risk management tools ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,medicine ,Predictive preventive personalised medicine (PPPM/3PM) ,Modifiable preventable risks ,Non-communicable diseases ,Intensive care medicine ,Epidemics ,Health economy ,Pandemics ,Liquid biopsy ,business.industry ,Research ,Biochemistry (medical) ,COVID-19 ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.disease ,Lifestyle ,Multi-level diagnostics ,Position paper ,Eye disorder ,Microbiome ,business ,Natural substances - Abstract
First two decades of the twenty-first century are characterised by epidemics of non-communicable diseases such as many hundreds of millions of patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases and the type 2 diabetes mellitus, breast, lung, liver and prostate malignancies, neurological, sleep, mood and eye disorders, amongst others. Consequent socio-economic burden is tremendous. Unprecedented decrease in age of maladaptive individuals has been reported. The absolute majority of expanding non-communicable disorders carry a chronic character, over a couple of years progressing from reversible suboptimal health conditions to irreversible severe pathologies and cascading collateral complications. The time-frame between onset of SHS and clinical manifestation of associated disorders is the operational area for an application of reliable risk assessment tools and predictive diagnostics followed by the cost-effective targeted prevention and treatments tailored to the person.This article demonstrates advanced strategies in bio/medical sciences and healthcare focused on suboptimal health conditions in the frame-work of Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (3PM/PPPM). Potential benefits in healthcare systems and for society at large include but are not restricted to an improved life-quality of major populations and socio-economical groups, advanced professionalism of healthcare-givers and sustainable healthcare economy. Amongst others, following medical areas are proposed to strongly benefit from PPPM strategies applied to the identification and treatment of suboptimal health conditions:Stress overload associated pathologiesMale and female healthPlanned pregnanciesPeriodontal healthEye disordersInflammatory disorders, wound healing and pain management with associated complicationsMetabolic disorders and suboptimal body weightCardiovascular pathologiesCancersStroke, particularly of unknown aetiology and in young individualsSleep medicineSports medicineImproved individual outcomes under pandemic conditions such as COVID-19.
- Published
- 2021
4. DEVELOPMENT OF PAPER-BASED COLOR TEST-STRIP FOR PARACETAMOL DETECTION IN JAMU
- Author
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Yunita Rachma Dwinand, Triswanto Sentat, and Henny Nurhasnawati
- Subjects
Traditional medicine ,Color reaction ,Positive control ,Color test ,Paper based ,Experimental research ,Mathematics - Abstract
Chemical medicine which are synthetic chemicals or isolation products must not be added to herbal medicine, that was standared by Indonesian Head of the Drug and Food Control Agency in statement regarding Criteria and Procedure for Registration of Traditional Medicines, Standardized Herbal Medicines, and Phytofarmaka. This study aims to develope prototype of paper-based color test-strip to identify paracetamol trace in several types of Indonesian herbal medicine, better known as Jamu. Research conducted with experimental research wich make paper test-strip prototype by immobilizing reagents into Whatman’s filter paper, then it used to identify paracetamol in extracted Jamu samples. The paracetamol qualitative test uses 10 Jamu samples that distributed in Samarinda area. were also carried out on. Comparison methode with qualitative color reaction tests using specific reagents in the laboratory were also carried out beside the paper-based color test-strip methode. In addition with positive control tests using 5000 ppm paracetamol solution to make sure both methode used are valid. The results of this study showed that two prototype paper-based color test-strips containing 10% iron (III) chloride reagent and folin ciocalteu were able to detect the presence of paracetamol chemicals in Jamu samples with color reaction.
- Published
- 2020
5. Antimicrobial evaluation and paper protection of cellulose-traditional Chinese medicine A
- Author
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Yingping Qi, Jia Peng, ZhenZhen Chen, Hua Li, and Yongfeng Shen
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Traditional Chinese medicine ,Cellulose ,Antimicrobial ,business - Abstract
As the main carrier of cultural inheritance, paper cultural relics are easily affected by the microorganism and external environment. In order to protect paper cultural relics, in this paper, traditional Chinese medicine A and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were prepared into a multi-functional mixture solution to use for antibacterial and reinforcement of paper relics. The antibacterial effects of the A on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were studied through the single factor experiment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A and the concentration range of A-CMC for paper reformulation were determined. The results showed that the MIC values of A to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 0.2 mg/ml. The optimal ratio of the composite liquid is 0.8% CMC concentration and 0.2 mg/ml A. Under this condition, the paper has a good bacteriostatic effect. This showed that the traditional Chinese medicine A can be used as an antibacterial agent for paper. Keywords: Traditional Chinese Medicine A, bacteriostasis, CMC, paper properties.
- Published
- 2021
6. Publishing scientifically sound papers in Traditional and Complementary Medicine
- Author
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Ciro Isidoro
- Subjects
Alternative medicine ,Complementary medicine ,Peer-reviewed journals ,Traditional medicine ,Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine ,Medicine - Abstract
Non-conventional medical practices that make use of dietary supplements, herbal extracts, physical manipulations, and other practices typically associated with folk and Traditional Medicine are increasingly becoming popular in Western Countries. These practices are commonly referred to by the generic, all-inclusive term “Complementary and Alternative Medicine.” Scientists, practitioners, and medical institutions bear the responsibility of testing and proving the effectiveness of these non-conventional medical practices in the interest of patients. In this context, the number of peer-reviewed journals and published articles on this topic has greatly increased in the recent decades. In this editorial article, we illustrate the policy of the Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine for publishing solid and scientifically sound papers in the field of Traditional and Complementary Medicine.
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Bibliographic analysis of Clinacanthus nutans papers in Scopus database (2000–2019)
- Author
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Linchao Qian, Muhammad Aslam, and Yun Jin Kim
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General Immunology and Microbiology ,Traditional medicine ,ved/biology ,ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species ,Scopus ,Microsoft excel ,General Medicine ,01 natural sciences ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Clinacanthus nutans ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Geography ,Global distribution ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicinal herbs ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Abstract
Background: There has been an increasing trend in Clinacanthus nutans’ research, an important medicinal herb of Malaysia and Thailand, well known as an anti-viral, anti-cancer, and insect bite treatment. This study examines the trend in Clinacanthus nutans’ research from 2000 to 2019 and compares the contribution of research on this topic from different institutions and authors. Methods: Publications from the Scopus database were retrieved using keywords and identify top ten institutions/universities, list of prominent authors, top ten journals that published research, top five influential articles, top fifty cited papers, and global distribution of publications on Clinacanthus nutans. Microsoft Excel 2016, Wordcloud, SPSS version 26, and GunnMap 2 were used to analyse indicators. A total of 167 articles were identified from the Scopus database. All research publications were screened initially. Five articles (n=5) were removed due to the unavailability of the full-text version of the article. 162 articles were included in the final study. Results: Universiti Putra Malaysia and the Journal of Ethnopharmacology published the highest number of articles on Clinacanthus nutans. Herpes, antioxidant, phenolic, flavonoids, cancer, antimicrobial were common keywords identified using a word cloud. Over the past 20 years, the literature on Clinacanthus nutans has continuously grown, with the rate increasing after 2012. Conclusion: The prominent research on Clinacanthus nutans was based upon their identified and isolated bioactive constituents, and there is a need for more research on clinical trials.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Espectrometria de massas com ionização por paper spray na análise do chá das folhas de Arrabidaea chica
- Author
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David Lee Nelson, Ana Maria de Resende Machado, Ildefonso Binatti, Vinícius Moura Andrade, Gustavo Henrique Cassemiro de Souza, Cleverson Fernando Garcia, and Fátima de Cássia Oliveira Gomes
- Subjects
Folk medicine ,Controle de qualidade ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Plantas medicinales ,Chemistry ,Quality control ,Bignoniaceae ,biology.organism_classification ,Mass spectrometry ,Chromatographic separation ,Medicinal plants ,Control de calidad ,Arrabidaea chica ,Paper spray ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Plantas Medicinais ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The species Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) B. Verl. (Bignoniaceae) is a plant native to tropical forests, popularly known as pariri or crajiru, and it is widely used in folk medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, anemias, skin diseases and to assist in the treatment of leukemia. Because of the widespread use of the plant, concern with its quality and effectiveness is fundamental. This study demonstrates the application of mass spectrometry with ionization by paper spray (PS-MS) as a chemical characterization method to evaluate the presence of the active principles in teas prepared by infusion from commercial samples of the medicinal plant Arrabidaea chica by infusion. The analyses of the samples were performed in two periods: 24 hours and 15 days after the preparation of the teas. Compounds referring to the class of substances 3-deoxythocyanidins were detected without any pre-treatment of the sample or chromatographic separation to provide valuable information for the evaluation and quality control of this product. Significant changes in the m/z signals of greater intensity, referring to the class of 3-deoxythocyanidins, were observed in the mass spectra, and multivariate analysis corroborated the degradation of this class of substances with time, resulting in a probable loss of the quality and effectiveness of the tea. La especie Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) B. Verl. (Bignoniaceae) es una planta originaria de los bosques tropicales, conocida popularmente como pariri o crajiru, y se usa ampliamente en la medicina popular para tratar enfermedades inflamatorias, anemia, dermatosis y para ayudar a tratar las leucemias. Debido al amplio uso de la planta, la preocupación por su calidad y efectividad es fundamental. Este estudio demuestra la aplicación de la Espectrometría de Masas de Ionización por Paper Spray (PS-MS) como método de caracterización química para evaluar la presencia de principios activos en tés preparados por infusión a partir de muestras comerciales de la planta medicinal Arrabidaea chica por infusión. Los análisis de las muestras se realizaron en dos períodos: 24 horas y 15 días después de la preparación del té. Los compuestos que se refieren a la clase de sustancias 3-desoxitocianidina se detectaron sin ningún pretratamiento o separación cromatográfica de la muestra para proporcionar información valiosa para la evaluación y el control de calidad de este producto. Se observaron cambios significativos en las señales m / z de mayor intensidad, que se refieren a la clase de 3-desoxitocianidinas. El análisis multivariado, a su vez, corroboraron la degradación de esta clase de sustancias a lo largo del tiempo, resultando en una probable pérdida de la calidad y eficacia del té. A espécie Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) B. Verl. (Bignoniaceae) é uma planta nativa das florestas tropicais, popularmente conhecida como pariri ou crajiru, amplamente utilizada na medicina popular no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias, anemias, enfermidades da pele e auxiliar no tratamento de leucemia. Devido ao uso difundido da planta é fundamental a preocupação com sua qualidade e eficácia. Este estudo demonstra a aplicação da Espectrometria de Massas com a Ionização por Paper Spray (PS-MS) como uma metodologia de caracterização química para avaliar a presença dos princípios ativos presentes nos chás obtidos por infusão de amostras comerciais da planta medicinal Arrabidaea chica obtidos por infusão. As análises das amostras foram realizadas em dois períodos: 24 horas e 15 dias após o preparo dos chás. Foram detectados compostos referentes à classe de substâncias 3 desoxiantocianidinas sem qualquer pré-tratamento da amostra ou separação cromatográfica, fornecendo informações valiosas para a avaliação e controle de qualidade deste produto. Alterações significativas nos sinais m/z de maior intensidade, referentes à classe da 3 desoxiantocianidinas, foram observadas nos espectros de massas. As análises multivariadas dos dados, por sua vez, corroboraram a degradação desta classe de substâncias como o decorrer do tempo e, consequentemente, uma provável perda da qualidade e eficácia do chá.
- Published
- 2021
9. A Seminar Paper on the Review of Five well-known Medicinal Plants Used in Ethiopia
- Author
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Gadissa Melkamu Bulcha
- Subjects
Geography ,Traditional medicine ,parasitic diseases ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Medicinal plants - Abstract
The indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants appeared when humans started and learned how to use the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants. The various literature available shows the significant role of medicinal plants in primary health care delivery in Ethiopia (about 70% of humans and 90% of livestock population) depend on traditional plant medicine. This is similar to many developing countries, particularly with those countries in Sub-saharan Africa. Medicinal plants provide a vital contribution to human and livestock health care. This seminar review was an attempt to present five medicinal plants (citrus lemon, caricapapaya, Moringa stenopetala, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale).
- Published
- 2021
10. Design and Optimization of Colorimetric Paper-Based Analytical Device for Rapid Detection of Allopurinol in Herbal Medicine
- Author
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Rieda Nurwulan Septyani, Febrina Amelia Saputri, Rimadani Pratiwi, Rossi Febriany, and Rina Fajri Nuwarda
- Subjects
lcsh:QD71-142 ,Filter paper ,Traditional medicine ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Significant difference ,lcsh:Analytical chemistry ,Allopurinol ,02 engineering and technology ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Rapid detection ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Drying time ,Chronic gout ,Indonesian government ,Medicine ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,medicine.drug ,Research Article - Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine in Indonesia is still in great demand and popular in society. The Indonesian government regulations state that herbal medicine should not contain chemical drug due to the toxic effect of uncontrolled consumption. Allopurinol is one of the drugs commonly added to herbal medicine for the treatment of chronic gout. Paper-based analytical device is one of the latest forms of analysis that has been widely used for the identification of chemical elements, environmental contamination, bacteria, and many more. In this study, experiments were conducted using Whatman filter paper No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 and Whatman chromatography as a paper, and 9 colorimetric reagents were tested for allopurinol detection in herbal medicine. There were 5 specific reagents that reacted positively with allopurinol and only 3 reagents that can be applied to the paper, that is, Folin-Ciocalteu, Tollens, and p-DAB reagent. The results of the optimization show that the most optimal immersion time was 60 minutes with a drying time of 30 minutes at 50°C. Each filter paper has different characteristic; however, there was no significant difference when all of the papers were used as PAD for allopurinol detection.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Influenza 'A' (A/Pr/6/32) Disease Treatment Response through Oral Administration of a Locally Sourced Lipid Solvent Fortified With Aloe Vera Gel into Guinea Fowls; a Review Paper from a Combined Class Semester Term Mph Project, Imo State University Owerri
- Author
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Ogundeji Aa, Madukwe J, Ajobiewe Oj, Odunze, Ajobiewe Hf, and Umeji L
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biology ,Traditional medicine ,Oral administration ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Influenza a ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,business ,Aloe vera ,Disease treatment - Published
- 2020
12. The Immunomodulatory Effect of Nigella sativa.
- Author
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Ciesielska-Figlon, Klaudia, Wojciechowicz, Karolina, Wardowska, Anna, and Lisowska, Katarzyna Aleksandra
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils ,FOOD preservatives ,BLACK cumin ,CONFERENCE papers ,TRADITIONAL medicine ,OILSEEDS ,IMMUNE response - Abstract
Background: For thousands of years till nowadays, Nigella sativa (NS) has served as a common spice and food preservative. Its seed extracts, seed oil, and essential oil in traditional medicine have been used to remedy many ailments such as headaches, fever, gastric complaints, and even rheumatism. In addition, the antibacterial, virucidal, fungicidal, and antiparasitic properties of NS are well known. However, studies on the possible immunomodulatory effects of black cumin are relatively scarce. This article discusses in vitro and in vivo research supporting the immunomodulatory role of NS. Methods: The review is based on articles, books, and conference papers printed until September 2022, found in the Web of Science, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar databases. Results: Experimental findings were reported concerning the ability of NS to modulate inflammation and immune responses or cytotoxic activity. Conclusions: All results suggest that NS can potentially be employed in developing effective therapeutic agents for regulating immune reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Paper Test Cards for Presumptive Testing of Very Low Quality Antimalarial Medications
- Author
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Abigail A. Weaver and Marya Lieberman
- Subjects
Paper ,Quality Control ,Filler (packaging) ,Primaquine ,Sulfadoxine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030231 tropical medicine ,Pharmacology ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,01 natural sciences ,Antimalarials ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Test card ,Virology ,False positive paradox ,Medicine ,False Positive Reactions ,Laboratory Innovations ,Developing Countries ,Reagent Strips ,Quinine ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Reproducibility of Results ,3. Good health ,0104 chemical sciences ,Infectious Diseases ,Pyrimethamine ,Counterfeit Drugs ,Colorimetry ,Parasitology ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Carrying out chemical analysis of antimalarials to detect low-quality medications before they reach a patient is a costly venture. Here, we show that a library of chemical color tests embedded on a paper card can presumptively identify formulations corresponding to very low quality antimalarial drugs. The presence or absence of chloroquine (CQ), doxycycline (DOX), quinine, sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine, and primaquine antimalarial medications, in addition to fillers used in low-quality pharmaceuticals, are indicated by patterns of colors that are generated on the test cards. Test card sensitivity for detection of these pure components ranges from 90% to 100% with no false positives in the absence of pharmaceutical. The color intensities from reactions characteristic of CQ or DOX allowed visual detection of formulations of these medications cut with 60% or 100% filler, although samples cut with 30% filler could not be reliably detected colorimetrically. However, the addition of unexpected fillers, even in 30% quantities, or substitute pharmaceuticals, could sometimes be detected by other color reactions on the test cards. Tests are simple and inexpensive enough to be carried out in clinics, pharmacies, and ports of entry and could provide a screening method to presumptively indicate very low quality medicines throughout the supply chain.
- Published
- 2015
14. Utilization of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) stalks in pulp and paper production
- Author
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Arif Cavunt, Zehra Odabaş Serin, and Nisa Ateş
- Subjects
Rosmarinus officinalis,Biberiye,Lif morfolojisi,Kimyasal bileşen ,Fen ,Traditional medicine ,biberiye ,Pulp (paper) ,Science ,Paper production ,lif morfolojisi ,Rosmarinus officinalis,Rosemary,Fiber morphology,Chemical composition ,engineering.material ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Rosmarinus ,fiber morphology ,rosmarinus officinalis ,Officinalis ,Botany ,engineering ,chemical composition ,lcsh:SD1-669.5 ,rosemary ,kimyasal bileşen ,lcsh:Forestry - Abstract
The leaves of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.) are used very common in the medicine. However, after the usage of leaves,stalks are useless. In this study, utilization of rosemary stalks in pulp andpaper industry is analyzed. For this purpose, chemical and morphologicalproperties were determined. Also, some derived values (slenderness ratio,flexibility coefficient, rigidity coefficient, mühlsteph ratio and F ratio)were found from the fiber properties (fiber length, fiber diameter, cell wallthickness and lumen diameter). Results were compared with other lignocellulosicmaterials. The stalks composed of 63.6% holocellulose, 36.4% α-cellulose, 26.9%lignin and 1.9% ash. Solubility values were 4.8%, 10.4%, 7.9% and 22.8% as fortoluene-alcohol-acetone mixture, hot water, cold water and 1% NaOH,respectively. Fiber length, fiber diameter, cell wall thickness and lumendiameter were found 0.36 mm, 12.84 µm, 4.31 µm and 4.22 µm, respectively. Theslenderness ratio, flexibility coefficient, rigidity coefficient, mühlstephratio and F ratio were determined in the order of 27.7, 32.87, 33.57, 2.04,89.20 and 82.72%. According to these results the stalks of rosemary showedsimilarities with hardwood species with respect to holocellulose, α- celluloseand lignin. However derived values indicated that the stalks of rosemary is notsuitable for pulp and paper production., Biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalisL.) yapraklarından elde edilen ürünler tıbbi alanda yaygın olarakkullanılmaktadır. Yaprakların değerlendirilmesinden sonra geri kalan biberiyesapları ise atıl olarak kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmada biberiye saplarının kağıthamuru ve kağıt endüstrisinde değerlendirme potansiyelinin olup olmadığı belirlenmeyeçalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla sapların kimyasal ve morfolojik özellikleri ile lifboyutlarının birbirlerine oranlanması ile bulunan veriler (keçeleşme oranı,elastiklik katsayısı, rijidite katsayısı, mühlstep oranı ve F oranı) tespitedilmiş ve sonuçlar diğer lignoselülozik malzemelerle karşılaştırılmıştır.TAPPI standartlarına göre yapılan kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre biberiyesapı %63.6 holoselüloz, % 36.4 α-selüloz, %26.9 lignin ve %1.9 küliçermektedir. Çözünürlükleri ise sırasıyla toluen-alkol-aseton % 4.8, sıcak su%10.4, soğuk su %7.9 ve %1 NaOH %22.8’dir. Lif uzunluğu 0.36 mm, lif çapı 12.84µm, çeper kalınlığı 4.31 µm ve lümen çapı 4.22 µm’dur. Morfolojik özelliklerdentüretilen verilere göre keçeleşme katsayısı 27.77, elastiklik katsayısı 32.87,katılık katsayısı 33.57, runkel oranı 2.04, mühlstep oranı 89.20 ve F oranı%82.72’dir. Biberiye sapı holoselüloz, α- selüloz ve lignin bakımından yapraklıağaç odun özelliği göstermektedir. Morfolojik özelliklerden türetilen verileregöre biberiye sapı, kağıt hamuru ve kağıt üretimine uygun bir hammadde olmadığısonucuna varılmıştır.
- Published
- 2017
15. Effectiveness of Calotropis Gigantean Linn Flower Extract as Indicator for Acid-Base Titration and Development of Litmus Paper
- Author
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Shitalkumar S. Patil, priyanka Tanaji Sakate, Satwashila Shahajirao Kadam, and Pravin Mhadev Salgar
- Subjects
Traditional medicine ,biology ,Chemistry ,General Engineering ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Acid–base titration ,Calotropis ,biology.organism_classification ,Litmus ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2019
16. Paper Analytical Devices for Fast Field Screening of Beta Lactam Antibiotics and Antituberculosis Pharmaceuticals
- Author
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Debarati Ghosh, Brittney Joy, Marya Lieberman, Hannah Reiser, Michael Benvenuti, Kellie Raddell, Leah Koenig, Michael D. Hunckler, Toni Barstis, and Abigail A. Weaver
- Subjects
Quality Control ,Active ingredient ,Traditional medicine ,Chromatography, Paper ,Chemistry ,Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ,Antitubercular Agents ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,Reproducibility of Results ,Pyrazinamide ,Pharmacology ,beta-Lactams ,Article ,Dosage form ,Analytical Chemistry ,Counterfeit ,Field screening ,Ampicillin ,medicine ,Developing Countries ,Ethambutol ,Rifampicin ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Reports of low-quality pharmaceuticals have been on the rise in the past decade, with the greatest prevalence of substandard medicines in developing countries, where lapses in manufacturing quality control or breaches in the supply chain allow substandard medicines to reach the marketplace. Here, we describe inexpensive test cards for fast field screening of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing beta lactam antibiotics or combinations of the four first-line antituberculosis (TB) drugs. The devices detect the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) ampicillin, amoxicillin, rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide and also screen for substitute pharmaceuticals, such as acetaminophen and chloroquine that may be found in counterfeit pharmaceuticals. The tests can detect binders and fillers such as chalk, talc, and starch not revealed by traditional chromatographic methods. These paper devices contain 12 lanes, separated by hydrophobic barriers, with different reagents deposited in the lanes. The user rubs some of the solid pharmaceutical across the lanes and dips the edge of the paper into water. As water climbs up the lanes by capillary action, it triggers a library of different chemical tests and a timer to indicate when the tests are completed. The reactions in each lane generate colors to form a "color bar code" which can be analyzed visually by comparison with standard outcomes. Although quantification of the APIs is poor compared with conventional analytical methods, the sensitivity and selectivity for the analytes is high enough to pick out suspicious formulations containing no API or a substitute API as well as formulations containing APIs that have been "cut" with inactive ingredients.
- Published
- 2013
17. Latin American Clinical Epidemiology Network Series – Paper 3: Cochrane develops widely in Latin America and strengthens ties with LatinCLEN
- Author
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Maroussia Tzanova, Ivan Solà, Gerard Urrútia, Jordi Pardo Pardo, Pamela Seron, Xavier Bonfill, Marta Roqué, María José Martínez, Hector Pardo-Hernandez, and Dimelza Osorio
- Subjects
Evidence-based medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Latin Americans ,Traditional medicine ,Epidemiology ,business.industry ,030503 health policy & services ,Alternative medicine ,Library science ,Systematic reviews ,Clinical epidemiology ,LatinCLEN ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cochrane ,Latin America ,0302 clinical medicine ,Systematic review ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Cooperative Behavior ,Epidemiologic Methods ,0305 other medical science ,business - Published
- 2017
18. TITLE OF THE PAPER – PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF LAGENARIA SICERARIA (MOLINA) STANDL. AND LUFFA CYLINDRICA (L.) M.ROEM VEGETABLE PEEL WASTE
- Author
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MeetaA. Bhot. and ShivaniC. Kakkar.
- Subjects
Solvent ,Phytochemical ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,Lagenaria ,biology.organism_classification - Published
- 2017
19. Antifertility Effect of Bougainvillea spectabilis or Paper Flower.
- Author
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Anisa Ghogar and Wannee Jiraungkoorskul
- Subjects
- *
BOUGAINVILLEA , *BIRTH control , *TRADITIONAL medicine , *MEDICINAL plants , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents - Abstract
Bougainvillea spectabilis (Family: Nyctaginaceae), commonly referred to as Great Bougainvillea or Paper Flower, is one of the traditional medicinal plants with potential antifertility activity. The aqueous extract and decoction of this plant have been used as fertility control among the tribal people in many countries. Furthermore, it has been shown to possess anticancer, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiulcer properties. Its phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, essential oils, favonoids, glycosides, oxalates, phenolics, phlobotannins, quinones, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids were reported as the basis of its efficacious therapeutic properties. The other important constituents which contribute to the remedial properties are bougainvinones, pinitol, quercetagetin, quercetin, and terpinolene. Published information on the antifertility property of B. spectabilis was gathered by the use of different database platforms including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SciFinder, and Scopus. These database platforms were used to provide an up-to-date review on its importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. ARTIFICIAL PAPER FROM PUTTARAKSA (CANNA INDICA LINN) AND PLUBPLUENG (CRINUM ASIATICUM)
- Author
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Kanokwan Rudisirisak
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Crinum asiaticum ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,Soil Science ,Building and Construction ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,biology.organism_classification ,Canna indica - Published
- 2019
21. Development of antifungal paper from Trametes versicolor containing orange oil against fungal skin infections: A model based on in vitro studies
- Author
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Tanong Aewsiri, Sirimas Sukmas, and Narumol Matan
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Antifungal ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.drug_class ,Orange oil ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Skin infection ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,In vitro ,Trametes versicolor - Published
- 2019
22. Probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics in treating post-weaning diarrhoea in pigs: Review paper
- Author
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Paul Bogere, Y.J. Choi, and J Heo
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post-weaning diarrhoea ,biology ,Dose ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Gram-positive bacteria ,directly-fed microorganisms ,Antibiotics ,antimicrobial resistance, directly-fed microorganisms, post-weaning diarrhoea, swine diets ,biology.organism_classification ,law.invention ,Probiotic ,Antibiotic resistance ,Enterococcus ,law ,Pathogenic Escherichia coli ,medicine ,Animal Science and Zoology ,swine diets ,antimicrobial resistance ,business ,Bifidobacterium - Abstract
The use of antibiotics to prevent post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in pigs has faced a setback owing to the associated antibiotic resistance in pigs and in the human populace that consumes the pork. In fact, antibiotic resistance that originates from the food chain is estimated to cause around 700,000 deaths globally each year. Consequently, scientists and researchers have suggested possible alternatives to antibiotics in pig diets. The chief of these has been the use of probiotics. The authors reviewed the literature on the use of probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics in treating PWD in pigs. It is clear that because of pathogenic Escherichia coli PWD continues to be a challenge to profitable swine production. The vast number of studies that was reviewed, point to the beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation on reducing the severity and incidence of PWD. However, some studies report inconsistencies to the general hypothesis. The majority of the microorganisms used as probiotics in the studies belong to the genera Lactobacilli , Bacillus , Bifidobacterium , Enterococcus , probiotic Escherichia coli , and Saccharomyces . The review also revealed that the bacterial strains that are used as probiotics are given individually or as combinations of multiple strains, and at various dosages, yielding varied results in each case. Interestingly, the authors observed wide disparities in the onset of probiotic supplementation and duration of the treatment to attain the results. Hence there is a need to standardize supplementation strategies, including dosage, onset and duration of treatment for probiotics. Furthermore, many of the in vivo studies that revealed positive effects of probiotics on diarrhoea and other production parameters were carried out in more controlled environments. The authors therefore suggest that more field studies in more natural and commercial farm settings should be conducted to augment the literature in relation to the use of probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics in treating PWD. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, directly-fed microorganisms, post-weaning diarrhoea, swine diets
- Published
- 2019
23. Preparation and Characteristics of Anti-Fungal Paper with Natural Extractives
- Author
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Kang-Jae Kim, Jin-Dong Jung, Eun-Byeoul Ahn, and Tae-Jin Eom
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Horticulture ,Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,Media Technology ,Anti fungal ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry - Abstract
The anti-fungal activity of plant extractives was investigated and the lacquer extractives were selected. The lacquer extractives were coated on anti-fungal paper and confirmed its effect. Water repellency, ten-sile index and brightness of anti-fungal paper treated with natural extractives were similar to commercial pesticide-treated paper. The incidence of Fusicaladium leuieri MAGNUS of commercial pesti-cide-treated paper and anti-fungal paper treated with lacquer were similar but, the incidence of Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.) Ces & De Not and Gloeodes pomigena of those were increased 1060 % than commercial pesticide-treated paper. Keywords: lacquer extractives, anti-fungal paper, disease incidence, Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.) Ces & De Not, Fusicaladium leuieri MAGNUS, Gloeodes pomigena 1. 서 론 과수재배기술의 핵심은 병해충과의 전쟁이라고 할 수 있을 만큼 과수 재배 기간 동안 많은 농약을 사용하게 된다. 이에 과일봉지와 같은 농업용 항균지는 과실에 직접 접촉되는 농약은 방지할 수 있으나 과실을 병해충으로부터 보호하기 위하여 과일봉지 제조에 있어서 농약을 원지에 도포하였다. 과일봉지에의 농약 도포는 지금까지는 문제되지 않았지만 과일봉지에 도포된 농약이 과실에서 검출될 가능성을 전혀 배제할 수는 없는 상황이다. 이러한 문제점을 근본적으로 해결하기 위해서는 과일봉지와 같은 농업용 항균지 생산에 있어서 농약의 효능을 대체할 수 있는 친환경적인 천연 대체물의 모색이 시급하다고 할 수 있다. 농업용 항균지
- Published
- 2015
24. 'What do Ayurveda Postgraduate Entrance Examinations actually assess?' – Results of a five-year period question-paper analysis based on Bloom's taxonomy
- Author
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Piyush Kumar Tripathi, Kishor Patwardhan, and Deepti Singh
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Higher order thinking Bloom's taxonomy ,Higher-order thinking ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Alternative medicine ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,Education ,Nonprobability sampling ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Taxonomy (general) ,021105 building & construction ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Multiple choice questions ,lcsh:Miscellaneous systems and treatments ,Health policy ,Multiple choice ,Medical education ,Traditional medicine ,Traditional Indian medicine ,business.industry ,Qualifying test ,lcsh:RZ409.7-999 ,Examination ,030205 complementary & alternative medicine ,Comprehension ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Assessment in education ,General Article ,business ,Ayurveda - Abstract
Background The standards of Ayurveda education in India are being questioned in the recent years and many suggestions related to educational reforms are being put forth by educators and health policy experts. However, the Post Graduate Entrance Examinations (PGEEs) that are carried out to select the candidates to pursue postgraduate programs have received little attention in this context. Objectives The objective of this study was to classify the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) from Ayurveda PGEEs conducted in different universities of India during the five year period (ranging from 2010 to 2014) into six levels of Bloom's Taxonomy in cognitive domain. Methods This is a retrospective observational study. The sampling method followed was purposive sampling. Totally, 3299 MCQs obtained out of 25 question papers from seven universities spread across four zones of India (North, South, West and East) were included in the study and were classified based on the Bloom's taxonomy. Results About 93.3% of MCQs assessed only the ‘recall’ component whereas 6.2% of the MCQs assessed ‘comprehension’. Percentage of MCQs that assessed ‘application’ level was a mere 0.3% whereas the percentage of MCQs that assessed the ‘analysis’ component was found to be only 0.2%. There was not even a single question to assess the ‘synthesis’ and ‘evaluation’ components. Conclusions We conclude that an appropriate proportion of MCQs assessing ‘higher order thinking’ are required to be included in Ayurveda PGEEs. While it is possible to frame MCQs to assess all six levels of Bloom's taxonomy in cognitive domain, the teachers are required to be trained well in the skills of MCQ writing. We propose that our study may be taken as a lead to introduce the required reforms in PGEEs. Clinical Trial Registration No.: Not applicable.
- Published
- 2016
25. Publishing scientifically sound papers in Traditional and Complementary Medicine
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Chia-Chi Huang, Lee-Yan Sheen, and Ciro Isidoro
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Alternative medicine ,PHYSICAL MANIPULATIONS ,Herbal extracts ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,lcsh:Medicine ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,IATCM, International Association for Traditional and Complementary Medicine ,01 natural sciences ,AE, Associate Editor ,ICTCMH, International Conference of Traditional and Complementary Medicine on Health ,021105 building & construction ,Medicine ,CAM, complementary and alternative medicine ,EBM, Editorial Board Member ,OES, overall evaluation sheet ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,JTCM, Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine ,lcsh:R ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Peer-reviewed journals ,Editorial ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Publishing ,Engineering ethics ,business ,Complementary medicine ,Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine - Abstract
Non-conventional medical practices that make use of dietary supplements, herbal extracts, physical manipulations, and other practices typically associated with folk and Traditional Medicine are increasingly becoming popular in Western Countries. These practices are commonly referred to by the generic, all-inclusive term “Complementary and Alternative Medicine.” Scientists, practitioners, and medical institutions bear the responsibility of testing and proving the effectiveness of these non-conventional medical practices in the interest of patients. In this context, the number of peer-reviewed journals and published articles on this topic has greatly increased in the recent decades. In this editorial article, we illustrate the policy of the Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine for publishing solid and scientifically sound papers in the field of Traditional and Complementary Medicine.
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- 2016
26. A bibliometric analysis of the 100 most influential papers on COPD
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Xiaoyan Jin, Guangsheng Qi, Hua Yang, Yaping Yuan, Wenchao Gu, and Jin Yan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Bibliometric analysis ,Biomedical Research ,Time Factors ,Alternative medicine ,International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ,top-cited ,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,0302 clinical medicine ,Citation analysis ,medicine ,citation analysis ,Pulmonary Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Original Research ,COPD ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Science Citation Index ,General Medicine ,Citation classics ,medicine.disease ,Country of origin ,Authorship ,3. Good health ,030228 respiratory system ,Bibliometrics ,Family medicine ,Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases ,Periodicals as Topic ,business ,Specialization - Abstract
Wenchao Gu,1YapingYuan,1 HuaYang,1GuangshengQi,1XiaoyanJin,2JinYan2 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Pudong New Area, 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Objective: We aimed to identify the 100 top-cited articles published on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to analyze their characteristics so as to provide information on the achievement and development in COPD research over the past decades. Methods and materials: A comprehensive list of citation classics in COPD was generated by searching the Science Citation Index expanded database, using the keywords “COPD” or “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease” or “chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases”. The 100 top-cited research papers were retrieved by reading the abstract or full text if needed. All eligible articles were read for basic information, including country of origin, organizations, article type, journals, research field, and authors.Results: The 100 top-cited articles on COPD were published between 1966 and 2010. The number of citations ranged from 254 to 2,164, with a mean of 450 citations for each article. These citation classics were from 32 countries, with 38 from the United States. The Imperial College London led the list of classics, with 16 papers. The 100 top-cited articles were distributed in 18 journals, with the American Journal of Respiratory, Critical Care Medicine, and Journal of the American Medical Association topping the list. Among the various fields, both respiratory system (63%) and general internal medicine (63%) were the most common fields of study for the 100 articles. Conclusion: Our bibliometric analysis provides a historical perspective on the progress of scientific research on COPD. Articles originating from the United States and published in high-impact specialized respiratory journals are most likely to be cited in the field of COPD research. Keywords: citation analysis, top-cited, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Published
- 2015
27. The use ofnatural substances in thetreatment of rhinosinusitis in thelight of the EuropeanPosition Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012
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Małgorzata Pachecka, Agnieszka Pławińska, and Ryszard Pachecka
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phytotherapy (as adjunct treatment) ,diagnostic management guidelines ,Traditional medicine ,treatment ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,lcsh:R ,Medicine ,lcsh:Medicine ,Family Practice ,business ,rhinosinusitis - Abstract
Rhinosinusitis is a very common condition of the upper respiratory tract. The disease may be caused by viral, bacterial or fungal infections as well as by allergens or air pollution (e.g. tobacco smoke), with viral infections being the most common cause. The first phase of viral rhinosinusitis therapy involves the use of antipyretics, analgesics, anti-oedematous agents as well as nasal decongestants, occasionally, topical glucocorticosteroids, nasal irrigation and adjunct phytotherapy. Viral or allergic rhinosinusitis does not require antibiotic therapy. Antibiotics should be used if symptoms persist after 7–10 days or bacterial superinfection develops. More intense treatment (antibiotic, metronidazole, intranasal glucocorticosteroid as well as formulations that dilute mucous secretions and have anti-oedematous effects) for up to several days is necessary in cases of acute rhinosinusitis in children, which is quite often a very serious disease bordering on sepsis (pansinusitis). According to the 2012 European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012 (EPOS 2012), natural compounds may be used as an adjunct treatment in some cases and in certain periods of the disease. These include nasal irrigation with saline or an appropriate seawater solution as well as the use of herbal medicinal products. The paper discusses in detail the use of different herbal medicinal products and presents literature data related to the efficacy and tolerance of these products.
- Published
- 2014
28. Derajat Keasaman (pH) Saliva Meningkat Setelah Berkumur Rebusan Daun Sirih Merah (Paper Crocatum) Konsentrasi 10% pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
- Author
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Leny Pratiwi Arie Sandy, Regina Tc. Tandelilin, and Meydistin Juwita Hondro
- Subjects
Saliva ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Oral health ,Betel ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,World wide ,law.invention ,stomatognathic diseases ,law ,Diabetes mellitus ,Gargling ,Medicine ,Elderly people ,business ,Essential oil - Abstract
Dental caries is the major dental and oral health problems in Indonesia and world wide. Alteration in the saliva acidity level (pH) in the oral environment plays an important role in dental caries. Red betel leaf (piper crocatum) is a herbal plant that commonly found in Indonesia. Red betel leaf contains alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin and essential oil which have antibackterial activities. Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine the acidity change (pH) of saliva in elderly people with diabetes mellitus type 2 after gargling of 10% boiled red betel leaves. Methods : the subjects of this study were 30 persons who divided randomly into two groups i.e treatment group and control group. Each group consisted of 15 persons. In the treatment group, the subjects gargled using 10% boiled red betel leaves, while in the control group the subject gargled using aquades. The saliva was collected on each time treated and followed by pH measuring. The data analysis was conducted by Independent t-test statistic (p≤0,05). Results : the results showed that there was an effect of increasing salivary acidity (pH) of saliva after gargling boiled of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) in elderly people with diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion : The change of acidity level (pH) of saliva was increased significant ly at 5 th to 15 th minute from 5.33 to 6.67 after gargling boiled red betel leaves concentration of 10%. The acidity level range stated above indicates a normal. Key words : pH of saliva , red betel leaves, elderly , diabetes mellitus type 2
- Published
- 2020
29. Antimildew Effects of Plectranthus amboinicus Leaf Essential Oil on Paper
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Chen-Lung Ho and Kuang-Ping Hsu
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Pharmacology ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Plant Science ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,law ,Drug Discovery ,Plectranthus amboinicus ,Carvacrol ,Gas chromatography ,Essential oil - Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the antimildew effects on paper of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng leaf essential oil prepared through hydrodistillation. The oil was isolated with a Clevenger-type apparatus and then characterized through gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 43 compounds were identified, representing 99.5% of the oil. The main ingredients were carvacrol (50.0%), γ-terpinene (13.1%), and β-caryophyllene (11.3%). The leaf oil had excellent antimildew effects; its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against Aspergillus clavatus, A. niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Chaetomium globosum, Myrothecium verrucaria, Penicillium citrinum, and Trichoderma viride were 100, 200, 75, 75, 100, 150, and 150 μg/cm2 respectively. The leaf oil was further partitioned into 6 derivative fractions (PO1-PO6). PO2 had excellent antimildew effects on the abovementioned strains; at a concentration of 100 μg/cm2, all were 100% inhibited, except A. niger, which was 75.8% inhibited. Carvacrol, the main ingredient of PO2, was then isolated and used for antimildew tests; carvacrol had excellent antimildew activities. Since both P. amboinicus leaf essential oil and carvacrol were proved to have excellent antimildew effects on paper, they are worth further research and development.
- Published
- 2019
30. Study on Aging Characteristics Depending on the Utilized Mordants of Dyed Restoration Paper for Paper Conservation
- Author
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Joo-Yeon Jee and Koang-Chul Wi
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Traditional medicine ,Mathematics - Abstract
지류문화재는 식물성 섬유인 cellulose로 이루어져 있으며 노출된 환경이나 급변하는 온·습도에 따라 구조가 쉽게 변형되며 보존처리 과정을 통해 수리, 복원된다. 그 과정에서 결손부 보수, 배접, 장황비단의 배접 등 유물의 고색(古色)을 맞추기 위해 염색된 보수지가 사용(Tokyo National Museum, 2004)되는데 결손부의 크기 및 색상이 다양하므로 유물의 상태와 재질 특성에 따라 이질감을 줄이기 위해 유사한 재질로 염색을 하고 있다. 이는 지류문화재의 지속적인 보관 및 유물의 감상을 용이하게 하므로 염색보수지의 제작에 있어 천연염색은 중요한 역할을 차지한다.천연염색(天然染色)은 자연에서 채취된 색소가 염색대상과 흡착되는 특성을 이용하여 염색하는 것을 말한다. 현존하는 지류문화재 중에서 황벽염색을 이용한 능화지(Kim, 2007)나 쪽물을 들인 사경(Chen, 2007), 홍화로 물들인 홍패지(Jung, 2011) 등 실제로 천연염색이 적용된 사례를 쉽게 찾아볼 수 있다. 문화재 보존처리의 목적이 아닌 일반적인 천연염색은 미적 추구, 우수한 염착성과 색이 빠지지 않는 비가역적인 효과 및 한 가지 염료로도 다양한 색상을 구현시키기 위한 목적으로 화학적 재료인 산성매염제, 알칼리매염제, 알루미늄매염제, 금속매염제 등과 같이 여러 가지 합성매염제를 사용하고 있다. 반면 지류문화재 보존 수복 시 사용되는 천연염색은 색상의 재현뿐만 아니라 염색되는 바탕 재질의 물성자체가 비교적 안정되어 보존처리 후에도 재료의 지속적인 안정화를 유지해야 한다. 따라서 염색과정에서도 높은 온도나 지나친 염색시간은 섬유의 풀어짐을 야기 시켜 한지의 강도를 떨어뜨리고 부풀게 하여 두께를 증가시킬 우려가 있으므로 유의해야 한다(Cho, 2010). 또한 농도가 진하고 눈에 띄는 선명한 색상을 발현시키는 일반적인 염색의 목적과는 다르게 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화된 유물 자체의 고색(古色)과 어우러지는 색상 발현을 염색의 목적으로 두고 있다.따라서 본 연구는 지류문화재 보존처리 상황에서 천연염색시 바탕종이에 비교적 안정적인 매염제를 제시하는데 그 목적을 가진다. 이를 위해 바탕 종이에 일반적으로 사용되는 매염제들을 적용하여 염색한 후 시료의 열화를 통해 색상 및 물성변화를 측정하여 그 결과를 바탕으로 시료의 퇴색과 산성도에 중점을 두고 화학성분인 매염제가 바탕종이에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 파악하고자 하였다 .
- Published
- 2013
31. Analysis of Papers Published in Thirty Years of the Journal History of The Journal of Korean Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine
- Author
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Jung Ha Park, Deuk Ju Oh, Su Hee Jang, Myoung Hwan Yoon, and Ick Seon Choe
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Family medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Alternative medicine ,Acupuncture ,Moxibustion ,business - Published
- 2014
32. Development of paper indicator from sambang colok (Aerva sanguinolenta) plant extract
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Neneng Windayani, S. Sopiah, and Sari Sari
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Traditional medicine ,Chemistry ,Aerva sanguinolenta - Published
- 2018
33. Note of clarification of data in the paper titled X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 Arg194Trp polymorphism is associated with increased risk of lung cancer in Chinese Han population
- Author
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Haiyu Wang, Ruo Feng, Yadong Wang, and Haiyan Yang
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Subgroup analysis ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Confidence interval ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,XRCC1 ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,Genotype ,Medicine ,Humans ,Allele ,business ,Lung cancer - Abstract
We read with great interest the paper titled “X-ray repair crosscomplementing group 1 Arg194Trp polymorphism is associated with increased risk of lung cancer in Chinese Han population” published in Tumor Biol. 2013, 34: 2611–2615 [1].Wu et al. performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) Arg194Trp polymorphism and lung cancer risk in Chinese Han population on the basis of 12 case-control studies with 4385 cases and 4545 controls. The authors found that XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism was associated with increased risk of lung cancer in Chinese Han population under three main models (allele contrast model, odds ratio (OR)=1.12, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.00–1.26, P=0.049; homozygote model, OR=1.27, 95 % CI 1.09–1.48, P=0.003; recessive model, OR=1.26, 95 % CI 1.09–1.46, P=0.003) when all eligible studies were pooled into meta-analysis. It is an interesting study. Nevertheless, a careful examination of the data provided by Wu et al. (Fig. 1 in the original text) [1] revealed two key issues that are worth noticing. Firstly, one overlapping paper [2] was not properly excluded from Wu et al.’s study [1]. Secondly, four eligible papers [3–6] published before 2013 were not included in Wu et al.’s study [1]. Therefore, the conclusions by Wu et al. [1] are not entirely reliable. In order to obtain a precise estimation of the relationship between XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism and lung cancer risk in Chinese population, a meta-analysis was re-conducted on the basis of a total of 16 studies with 4591 cases and 4899 controls, which may provide comprehensive evidence for the association of XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism with lung cancer risk in Chinese population. Table 1 listed the general information of selected studies. Table 2 listed the summary odds ratios of the association between XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism and lung cancer risk in Chinese population. Overall, we observed an increased lung cancer risk in Chinese population among subjects carrying XRCC1 194 Trp/Trp genotype (OR=1.26, 95 % CI 1.09–1.46) comparing with Arg/ Arg genotype carriers in total population (Fig. 1a). We did not observe any association of Arg/Trp vs. Arg/Arg and Trp/Trp+Arg/Trp vs. Arg/Arg polymorphisms with lung cancer risk in Chinese population (OR=1.05, 95 % CI 0.90–1.22 and OR=1.12, 95 % CI 0.95–1.31, respectively) (Fig. 1b, c). In the subgroup analysis by a source of control, we observed an increased risk of XRCC1 194 Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg polymorphism for lung cancer in a healthy subject-based study (OR=1.34, 95 % CI 1.13– 1.59) (Table 2); we did not observe any association between XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism and lung cancer risk in additional subgroup analyses (Table 2). Limiting H. Yang Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
- Published
- 2015
34. Type analysis of Pharmacopuncture papers published in the Journal of Korean Institute of Pharmacopuncture
- Author
-
Ki-Rok Kwon, Jinho Kim, Young-Jin Kim, Jong-Young Lee, and Young-Joo Han
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Traditional medicine ,Journal of Korean Institue of Pharmacopuncture ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,Treatment method ,lcsh:Medicine ,Pharmacopuncture ,lcsh:RZ409.7-999 ,Herbal acupuncture ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Family medicine ,Medicine ,business ,lcsh:Miscellaneous systems and treatments - Abstract
Objectives : The focus of the analysis was laid on changes in research pertaining to pharmacopuncture in regards to time progression. Methods : Type analysis was done on pharmacopuncture related papers published in the Journal of Korean Institute of Pharmacopuncture from the inaugural issue to June 2006 issue. 196 papers are analyzed to the sort of type. Results : For type analysis of the type of studies, experiment papers outnumbered other types with 94 cases, followed by 67 for clinical trials, and 35 for literary studies. Type analysis on the type of illnesses listed in the Methods section, 31 papers concentrated on arthritis or HIVD of spine, 6 for Pharmacopuncture response in human, 5 for anti-cancer and immune disorders, etc. Conclusion : Since its inaugural issue in 1997 to August 2006 issue ranging 10 years, type analysis revealed that the number of journals pertaining to pharmacopuncture has risen steadily over the years and nearly half of papers published recently are dealing with pharmacopuncture. Pharmacopuncture is a treatment method based on the unique theory of Korean traditional medicine. Its superior efficacy is proven through numerous research works, and effort and academical approach on pharmacopuncture are expected to receive positive evaluation.
- Published
- 2006
35. RESEARCH PAPER Wild type root cultures of Scutellaria barbata
- Author
-
Magdalena Majdan, Daniel Głód, Agata Wilczańska-Barska, and Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Traditional medicine ,chemistry ,Wild type ,Plant Science ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Flavones ,Scutellaria barbata ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2011
36. Papers published from 1995 to 2012 by six Traditional Chinese Medicine universities in China: a bibliometric analysis based on science citation index
- Author
-
Kaifeng Liu, Jingyi Zhao, Xing Zhai, Guihua Tian, Kuo Gao, Shengyun Ding, Jianxin Chen, Qing Ye, and Tiegang Liu
- Subjects
Medicine(all) ,China ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Publications ,MEDLINE ,Science Citation Index ,Library science ,Historical Article ,Pharmacy ,General Medicine ,Traditional Chinese medicine ,Bibliometrics ,History, 20th Century ,History, 21st Century ,Drug Therapy ,Citation analysis ,Medicine ,Humans ,Scientific citation index ,business ,Universities of Traditional Chinese Medicine ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal - Abstract
Objective The quality and quantity of published research papers are important in both scientific and technology fields. Although there are several bibliometric studies based on citation analysis, very few have focused on research related to Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. Methods The bibliometric method used in this study included the following focuses: publication outputs for each year, paper type, language of publication, distribution of internationally collaborative countries, sources of funding, authorization number, distribution of institutes regarding collaborative publications, research fields, distribution of outputs in journals, citation data, and h-index. Results A total of 3809 papers published from 1995 to 2012 were extracted from the science citation index (SCI). The cumulative number of papers from all six universities is constantly increasing. The United States attained the dominant position regarding complementary and alternative medicine research. The Chinese Academy of Sciences was the greatest participator in collaborative efforts. Research field analysis showed that the research mainly focused on pharmacology pharmacy, chemistry, integrative complementary medicine, plant sciences, and biochemistry molecular biology. The Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine had the most citations. Conclusion In recent years, in terms of SCI papers, the six Traditional Chinese Medicine universities studied here have made great advances in scientific research.
- Published
- 2014
37. Antifertility effect of Bougainvillea spectabilis or paper flower
- Author
-
Wannee Jiraungkoorskul and Anisa Ghogar
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,biology ,Pinitol ,Traditional medicine ,Bougainvillea ,Quercetagetin ,Nyctaginaceae ,Decoction ,Plant Science ,Bougainvillea spectabilis ,biology.organism_classification ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Terpenoid ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Botany ,Medicinal plants - Abstract
Bougainvillea spectabilis (Family: Nyctaginaceae), commonly referred to as Great Bougainvillea or Paper Flower, is one of the traditional medicinal plants with potential antifertility activity. The aqueous extract and decoction of this plant have been used as fertility control among the tribal people in many countries. Furthermore, it has been shown to possess anticancer, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiulcer properties. Its phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, essential oils, flavonoids, glycosides, oxalates, phenolics, phlobotannins, quinones, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids were reported as the basis of its efficacious therapeutic properties. The other important constituents which contribute to the remedial properties are bougainvinones, pinitol, quercetagetin, quercetin, and terpinolene. Published information on the antifertility property of B. spectabilis was gathered by the use of different database platforms including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SciFinder, and Scopus. These database platforms were used to provide an up-to-date review on its importance.
- Published
- 2017
38. Paper Flower, Bougainvillea spectabilis: Update Properties of Traditional Medicinal Plant
- Author
-
Wannee Jiraungkoorskul, Kanitta Jiraungkoorskul, and Anisa Ghogar
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Traditional medicine ,Pinitol ,020209 energy ,Quercetagetin ,02 engineering and technology ,Biology ,Bougainvillea spectabilis ,Terpenoid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Botany ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Quercetin - Abstract
Paper Flower, Bougainvillea spectabilis is reported to have medicinal values including antiancer, antidiabtic, anti-heptotoxic, anti-inflammtory, antiyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiulcer properties. The phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, flvonoids, glycosides, phenolics, phlobotannins, quinones, saponins, tannins and terpenoids were reported as the basis of therapeutic properties. The other important constituents which contribute to the remedial properties are bougainvinones, pinitol, quercetagetin, quercetin and terpinolene. Published information on these update properties of B. spectabilis was gathered by the use of diferent database platorms, including Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, SciFinder and Scopus. This review article has attempted to suggest B. spectabilis, to be one of the choices in the traditional medicinal plant.
- Published
- 2016
39. American gastroenterological association technical review on the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhoids1 1This literature review and the recommendations therein were prepared for the American Gastroenterological Association Clinical Practice Committee. The paper was approved by the Committee on January 8, 2004, and by the AGA Governing Board on February 13, 2004
- Author
-
Robert D. Madoff and James W. Fleshman
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Hepatology ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,General surgery ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gastroenterology ,Guideline ,medicine.disease ,Hemorrhoids ,Sclerotherapy ,Medicine ,Electric stimulation therapy ,business - Published
- 2004
40. Traditional Medicine: an Evaluation of the Interest of the Publication of Scientific Papers about Moxibustion
- Author
-
Mario Bernardo-Filho, D Sebastiao Santos-Filho, Francisco A.O.Pereira, Sergio Guilhon, Daisy L.M. França, Vasco Senna-Fernandes, and R C Sohaku Bastos
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Alternative medicine ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Moxibustion ,business - Published
- 2003
41. With regard to the papers by Kumaret al.and de Leeuw and de Boer addressing the cardiovascular safety and efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs
- Author
-
Dilip R. Karnad, Erica Caveney, J. Rick Turner, Laurence H Keller, Snehal Kothari, Barbara S Gillespie, and Alan Metz
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cardiovascular safety ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Treatment outcome ,MEDLINE ,Alternative medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Cardiovascular System ,03 medical and health sciences ,Treatment Outcome ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Published
- 2017
42. The Western Medical Tradition, 1800–2000. By W. F. Bynum, Anne Hardy, Stephen Jacyna, Christopher Lawrence, and E. M. Tansey (New York, Cambridge University Press, 2006) 614 pp. $90.00 cloth $29.99 paper
- Author
-
John C. Burnham
- Subjects
History ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Traditional medicine ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Art history ,Art ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,media_common - Published
- 2008
43. Creating the Creole Island: Slavery in Eighteenth-Century Mauritius. By Megan Vaughan (Durham, Duke University Press, 2005) 341 pp. $84.95 cloth $23.95 paper
- Author
-
Richard Blair Allen
- Subjects
History ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Traditional medicine ,Creole language ,Art history ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Published
- 2007
44. Studies on the development of functional paper with herbal medicine and herbal medicine waste(Part 1) -Development of functional paper with Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica acutiloba and Artemisia capillaris waste
- Author
-
Yun-Geun Kim, Jeong-Kwan Ro, Kyoung-Shin Kim, Byoungsoo Kim, Seung-Lak Yoon, and Hyun-Jin Jo
- Subjects
Astragalus ,Angelica acutiloba ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,Manufacturing process ,business.industry ,Media Technology ,Medicine ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,Artemisia capillaris ,business ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
This research was performed to make functional pape rs by using the waste of herbal medicine such as Astragalus membranaceus, Angelica acutiloba, and Artemisia capillaris as additives, and to evaluate their physical and optical properties of the manufactu red paper. The physical and optical properties were decreased with the increase of the amount of herbal medicine. Of those manufactured papers, the func-tional paper with Artemisia capillaris showed the dramatic decrease in its physical properties. Adding the herbal medicine waste as additives developed th e aesthetic pattern on the surface of the manufactured paper. The paper showing the black pattern on white surface was most favored. Different patterns could be made by changing the size of fibers and the amount of wastes. Th ere was odor emitted from the paper due to the herbal medicine waste, which make the pa per to have a potential for the diverse purpose. The herbal medicine waste can be applied to replace weighting agents in the manufacturing process of paper
- Published
- 2013
45. Short Papers in Pharmaceutical Analysis and Pharmacognosy
- Author
-
Donald A. Clark, John C. Mitchell, and Slobodan Šašić
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,symbols.namesake ,Materials science ,Traditional medicine ,symbols ,Analytical chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Raman spectroscopy ,Sample (graphics) ,Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Published
- 2004
46. TRADITIONAL HANDMADE PAPER IN CHINA TODAY: ITS PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISTICS
- Author
-
Lin Zuzao, Jan Bos, Susan M. Allen, and Cheng Xiaolan
- Subjects
Commerce ,Traditional medicine ,Production (economics) ,Business ,China - Published
- 2010
47. Breeze Through Bamboo: Kanshi of Ema Saikō. By Hiroaki Sato. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998. xvi, 246 pp. $42.50 (cloth); $15.50 (paper)
- Author
-
Judith N. Rabinovitch, Hiroaki Sato, and Timothy Roland Bradstock
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Bamboo ,Traditional medicine ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Art ,media_common - Published
- 1999
48. Li Chengzhi. A Draft History of Space Technology in China [Zhongguo hangtian jishu fazhan shi gao]. (Zhongguo jin xian dai ke xue ji shu shi yan jiu cong shu.) 3 volumes. 939 pp., illus., tables, bibl., index. Jinan: Shandong Education Press [Shandong jiao yu chu ban she], 2006. ¥106 (paper)
- Author
-
Xue Litai and John Wilson Lewis
- Subjects
History ,Index (economics) ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Traditional medicine ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,China ,Humanities - Published
- 2010
49. Zengjian Guan et alia. Zhongguo jin xian dai ji liang shi gao [A Draft of the History of Modern and Contemporary Metrology in China]. (Zhongguo jin xian dai ke xue ji shu shi yan jiu cong shu.) 258 pp., tables, bibl., index. Jinan: Shandong jiao yu chu ban she [Shandong Education Press], 2005. ¥30.50 (paper)
- Author
-
Xiang Chen
- Subjects
History ,Index (economics) ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Traditional medicine ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,China ,Humanities - Published
- 2009
50. Zhang Daqing. Zhongguo jin dai ji bing she hui shi [A Social History of Diseases in Modern China (1912–1937)]. (Zhongguo jin xian dai ke xue ji shu shi yan jiu cong shu.) iv + 229 pp., illus., tables, bibl., index. Jinan: Shandong jiao yu chu ban she [Shandong Education Press], 2006. (Paper.)
- Author
-
Bridie Andrews Minehan
- Subjects
History ,Index (economics) ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Traditional medicine ,Zhàng ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Social history ,China ,Humanities - Published
- 2009
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