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Copyright of Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage / Quaderni di Scienza della Conservazione is the property of Salvatore Lorusso and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) nanosheets were explored as an effective material for the restoration and conservation of paper-based cultural archives and compared with the commonly used Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles. The (Mg(OH)2) nanosheets were applied to filter paper as a reference, as well as to new and old paper samples. The effectiveness of Mg(OH)2 nanosheets was evaluated by (i) a pH test of the surface and the bulk extracts, (ii) measuring the alkaline reserve and correlating it with the enhancement in life expectancy, and (iii) in terms of mechanical strength. The alkaline reserve test indicated an increase in the alkaline buffer, which resulted in markedly reduced acidic content of the samples. It was inferred from the improved properties that Mg(OH)2 nanosheets coated the paper as a lamination sheet and protected it as the first line of defense against acidic environmental attack. Moreover, its presence within the paper acted as an alkaline reserve and also as reinforcement in the form of an inorganic nanosheet. The results suggest that the nanosheets are an innovative, compatible, and efficient material for the consolidation and restoration of old and new paper samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arxiu d'Etnografia de Catalunya is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines how Elizabeth Taylor Cadbury sought to define and perpetuate her family's religious identity and legacy through the production of privately published memoirs celebrating their Quaker heritage and the creation of a personal archive chronicling their contemporary lives devoted to religiously inspired social action. Taylor Cadbury constructed narratives which forged a connection between the Quaker ministry and philanthropy of her ancestors and the religious and social service of more recent generations as a means of consolidating a collective identity among her family. The article considers how Taylor Cadbury shaped her own identity in relation to the religious values of her female Quaker predecessors through the personal papers which she collected. By exploring Taylor Cadbury's efforts to preserve material recording her family's Quaker faithfulness, the article demonstrates the significance of family archives for sustaining Quaker kinship networks and understanding Friends' engagement with Quaker history during the early twentieth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heritage conservation, often referred to as historic preservation or heritage preservation, is the process of safeguarding and maintaining objects, buildings, landscapes, and other artifacts that hold cultural, historical, or architectural importance. This encompasses a diverse array of both physical and non-physical cultural assets, including but not limited to, ancient structures, archaeological locations, monuments, artifacts, customs, and cultural environments. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to ascertain research tendencies and contributions in the field of Heritage Conservation. The study primarily investigated themes, authors, publications, and organizations. The Scopus database was employed to retrieve the data, resulting in the identification of 357 papers after applying filters. The five leading journals in the field of heritage conservation from 2003 to 2023 were "Sustainability Switzerland" (with 69 published articles), "Geoheritage" (with 55 published articles), "Journal of Sustainable Tourism" (with 13 published articles), "Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites" (with 10 published articles), and "Journal of Heritage Tourism" (with nine published articles). The most commonly used keywords in the analyzed papers were "Tourism," "Geotourism," "Conservation," "Heritage tourism," "Heritage," "Geoheritage," "Heritage Conservation," "Cultural Heritage," "sustainable development," "Sustainability," "Geoconservation," "Heritage Management," "Geopark," "Sustainable Tourism," "China," "Geosites," and "Tourism Development." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Victoriens & Edouardiens is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The coexistence of mining, geoparks, and conservation is an ongoing discussion for the implementation and development of UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps). The Seridó UGGp provides a classic example where mining plays a fundamental role in unveiling geological heritage, showcasing positive relationships between mining and the establishment of sustainable territories based on geoconservation. The aim of this paper is to investigate, within two geosites of the Seridó UGGp--Mina Brejuí and Açude Boqueirão--how geological heritage has been showcased in active mines, correlated with cultural mining heritage, and utilized in geotourism and geoeducation. The paper utilizes adapted geological heritage inventories and valuing techniques, integrating cultural aspects of the mining landscape to provide detailed insights into the complex areas of the geosites. Both geosites have been the sites of regionally significant Ediacaran-Cambrian magmatic-hydrothermal deposits since the early 20th century, yielding metallic and non-metallic raw materials during the World Wars up to the present days. The Mina Brejuí geosite boasts one of the best exposures of W-Mo skarn mineralization in South America within its underground galleries. Açude Boqueirão is a mining district with several types of quarries and mines, and its geoheritage is linked to the initial descriptions of the Borborema regional pegmatitic province with Cambrian Ta-Nb, Li-Be, gemstones, and ornamental deposits, and also for the rare deposit of blue tourmaline gemstone. Particularly, the Boqueirão site requires valorization interventions, as its rich mining heritage is threatened by the expansion of the energy sector and illegal artisanal mining. Active mining operations could present a plethora of opportunities that encompass the geopark's concepts of conservation, tourism, and education. Inventories of mining heritage in geoparks serve as alternative sources for geotouristic routes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The building sector, which is responsible for a significant amount of total global energy consumption, provides substantial opportunities for energy efficiency studies. In the context of historic and traditional buildings, this matter becomes more crucial, as energy efficiency is more complex and challenging. The complexity partly derives from the multiple and diverse values with which the buildings are associated. These values are dynamic. In this paper, we chose historic houses in Gaziantep as our focal point. They provide an indicative example of houses with architectural features that help residents deal with the adverse effects of the hot climate. These specific features are significant for the users not only in terms of thermal comfort but also in terms of heritage values. The value that users attribute to the neighbourhood and their attitude towards buildings change over time. It is seen that thermal comfort plays a key role in energy efficiency and heritage conservation. Hence, understanding the role of thermal comfort perceptions and the ways in which they dictate certain energy efficiency and heritage conservation actions is critical. In this context, this paper addresses these dynamic, complex, and changing interrelationships over time. Drawing upon the dynamic analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews with three dwellings in Gaziantep's Bey neighbourhood, we will discuss how residents of historic houses perceive thermal comfort and how they negotiate and prioritise energy efficiency and heritage conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to understand the long-COVID impact on cultural heritage organisations, and future research needed. COVID-19 was disruptive to cultural heritage socioeconomic activities across the world during 2020 and 2021. Whilst government intervention and changes from physical to digital engagement generally prevailed, the long-COVID impact on cultural heritage organisations, their people and users, buildings, and collections remains unknown. The extent, also, to which financing, curating, visiting, and volunteering patterns have changed is uncertain. Following the pandemic closures and associated support, cultural heritage organisations are facing continuing economic, social, political, environmental, technological, and organisational culture pressures. This research examines the existing academic literature, sector publications, annual reports and associated visitor information to understand whether cultural heritage organisations have long-COVID, whether they can survive another pandemic, and what further research is needed to be better prepared. Four case studies from the UK look at the visitor and financial impacts of COVID-19 on the British Library, the London Transport Museum, The Theatre Royal Drury Lane, and Kensington Palace. This paper contributes to heritage research by providing a deeper understanding of the impact that COVID-19 had on heritage, and how to proactively plan for similar future disruptions. The impact themes show that change did not result in a new normal but in the need for a new space, consisting of blended space (physical and digital), mixed space (indoors and outdoors), and community of practice space (isolated or cross-sector networking space). The literature highlights the significance of the sector coming together during the pandemic to share knowledge and provide support through its networks. It also highlights how important it is for such unity not to be lost but to be harnessed to support ongoing organisational sustainability and better preparedness for future crises. Finally, future research suggestions are proposed grouped into social, digital, financial, and operational research themes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Conservar Património is the property of Associacao Profissional de Conservadores-Restauradores de Portugal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the built heritage studies, the intricate web of social and selective processes that define heritage is evident. These processes are, in many cases, intertwined with the notion of scale, examplified through the production of heritage sites at the local, national, and transnational scales. While heritage and geography scholars have articulated the role played by scale in heritage-making and argue against a rigid, fixed, and hierarchical understanding of scale, they highlight the constant reproduction of scale. There is, so far, limited explanation of how the perception of scale gets reproduced and how crucial actors manipulate scalar power and resources for heritage making and the reproduction of scale. To fill this gap, this paper delves into mainland China's heritage-making, using the southern Anhui historical villages as an example. Based on intensive 5-month field research, this paper has three findings: 1) The nomination process for a World Heritage Site is notably influenced by politics and selectivity; 2) Diverse stakeholders are pivotal in shaping heritage narratives; 3) Individual contributions to heritage creation directly interact with, and subsequently reshape, 'scale', an entity that is simultaneously discursive and tangible. By integrating the notion of 'scale' into heritage discussions, we illuminate two concurrent processes: creating hierarchies through rule assimilation by interpreting the UNESCO standard internally and evolving socio-spatial dynamics via the manifestation of individual agency with resource manipulation, scale jumping, and reproduction of scale. This approach aligns with the material orientation in human geography and repositions 'scale'. Here, it's not just an epistemological framework but also a tangible force that steers individual perceptions and actions and yields measurable material impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Urban Research is the property of Journal of Urban Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2011, a new approach was introduced into the management of heritage on Ilha de Moçambique by the UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Known as the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach, this seeks to expand current understanding of the island's historic urban heritage, recognising that 'heritage' is not limited solely to monuments or the built environment. Importantly, HUL incorporates urban sustainable development within the scope of heritage preservation. Given this, the adoption of the HUL approach has the potential to contribute to ensuring the authenticity and integrity of the built heritage, as prescribed by the 1972 UNESCO Convention, of Ilha de Moçambique, and effectively maintaining the Outstanding Universal Values that resulted in the declaration of the island as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1991. This paper discusses how local communities use the resources and heritage available to them and the central role of commerce, and the marketplace, in the heritage landscape of the island. A critical aspect of this is the sale of antiquities, including archaeological items, to tourists. Perspectives developed within the Rising from the Depths (RftD) network recently supported by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) UK, with funding from the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF), offer positive alternative solutions to overcome this challenging situation. In particular, the network sought to identify how the tangible submerged and coastal Marine Cultural Heritage (MCH) of Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Madagascar, and its associated intangible aspects, can be utilised to stimulate ethical, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth in the region. Our paper demonstrates how the implementation of the RftD initiative when combined with the HUL approach can help to increase awareness among communities on Ilha de Moçambique about the relevance of their heritage and the need for preserving it while meeting everyday needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital objects are now pervasively used across the heritage sciences, often as 3D models. However, the theoretical discussion of what these objects are, ontologically speaking, can be diverse, ranging, and inconclusive. This paper will focus on the Cherish Project, a European research initiative that used a range of methods—including drone-based photogrammetry and laser scanning— to create 3D models of coastal heritage landscapes that are at risk due to climate change. In specifically attending to the database storage schemes and software/platforms employed by Cherish, this paper explores how digital heritage objects can more broadly be discussed in terms of their ontological multiplicity, the multi-sitedness of their production and circulation, and their mobility across interfaces as they are formalised and circulated. In tracing these specific factors, this paper arrives at epistemological insights about how digital heritage objects factor into knowledge producing practices like Cherish, foregrounding critical questions about how these practices might be differently discussed, pursued, or imagined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the intricate interactions between heritage and religion in modern China, as well as the broader social and political implications of these interactions in relation to national heritage policies and local developmental practices. By conducting a longitudinal analysis of the social history of Baosheng Temple, this research traces its transformations over the past hundred years from a historically religious site to a local built heritage dedicated to preserving and displaying religious relics. This transformation highlights a shift in the role of religious relics from carriers of practice and thought to focal points for heritage preservation, aimed at supporting nation-building and, more recently, promoting local development through the tourism industry. These changes reflect continuous local responses to broader social transformations towards a modern nation-state as well as the influence of Western ideas and practices. The findings of this research illuminate the evolving values associated with religious heritage and the corresponding implications for Chinese modernity within a secular state context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kotagede, the capital of the ancient Mataram Kingdom and currently an area in the Yogyakarta Province of Indonesia, is known as a 'real living museum'. It was previously a residential area with many vital premises and heritage buildings that became a tourist area. Its locally established activities enrich the visual and sound environment of the vicinity. However, it has gradually lost its distinguishing sounds. A series of studies aims to improve the possibility of restoring past soundmarks to preserve the intangible heritage and make living museums as rich as possible. This paper reports the initial stage of the series, which focuses on capturing the rich historical sounds of Kotagede. The study was carefully designed to collect comprehensive data on heritage sounds using qualitative methods consisting of an initial focus group discussion (FGD), in-depth interviews, and a final FGD. These methods resulted in a large amount of data that were processed and classified using the descriptive phenomenology approach with the Colaizzi protocol. The study found that Kotagede has various soundmarks grouped into local and outside sounds. The locally rooted sounds can be grouped into eight categories, some of which can be extended as past and present sounds and a few that have persisted from the past to the present. In the subsequent stage, this classification and local leaders' concerns helped the researchers select and prioritise sounds for preservation and tourism purposes. The study emphasises the importance of choosing suitable participants to provide detailed and comprehensive information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite Croatia experiencing two strong earthquakes in 2020, Rijeka was not directly affected, underscoring the importance of proactive seismic assessment and strengthening in all seismic regions. This paper presents a comprehensive case study on the seismic strengthening of a 20th-century concrete building located in Rijeka, Croatia, originally designed according to Austro-Hungarian construction norms and practices. As a heritage-protected structure, the building's architectural features and construction practices were examined and contextualized within its historical background. The assessment and renovation phases of this project are discussed in detail, demonstrating the practical application of modern seismic strengthening techniques while preserving the building's historical integrity. This case study aims to highlight the need for such measures to protect heritage structures and to show the implementation of rapid and new (ad hoc) norms for earthquake-damaged buildings in Croatia. This study serves as a reference for engineers, architects, and conservationists involved in the preservation of heritage buildings, demonstrating that it is possible to enhance their structural safety without compromising their architectural authenticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper delves into the investigation and inventory of cob buildings within the Guérande Peninsula, employing an interdisciplinary framework merging academic inquiry, fieldwork, and digital cartographic methodologies. Against the backdrop of escalating environmental concerns within the construction sector, raw earth construction emerges as a compelling avenue for sustainable building practices due to its low embodied energy and reversible characteristics. Despite historical prevalence in regions such as northwest France, traditional earth-building techniques have experienced waning prominence with the advent of industrial materials. However, the resurgence of interest in raw earth's minimal carbon footprint has catalyzed renewed attention towards earth-building methods. Through a meticulous investigation methodology, this study identifies and analyzes 802 potentially old cob buildings, with 46 structures confirmed as cob constructions. Employing statistical analyses of building characteristics, including wall and lift heights, preservation states, and geographical distributions, this research sheds light on the significance of preserving cob heritage amidst rapid urbanization. The findings underscore the imperative for ongoing research and awareness efforts to safeguard these vernacular architectural traditions. By illuminating centuries-old building practices, this research contributes to the scholarly discourse on sustainable construction methodologies and local cultural preservation. Moreover, it underscores the necessity of integrating traditional knowledge systems with contemporary sustainability initiatives to foster resilience and longevity within the built environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inscription of properties on the World Heritage List often places restrictions on existing livelihoods. In these contexts, tourism is widely held to be a panacea for the economic and social wellbeing of local communities. Ecotourism, in particular, is regarded as addressing both environmental and social needs of communities. However, existing research demonstrates that tourism seldom delivers benefits to Indigenous peoples or local communities in developing countries. This paper suggests that such limitations are equally problematic for local communities in developed nations such as Australia. Through ethnographic research including participant observation and interviews, this paper describes the impacts of tourism on the local community of Strahan, a small logging, fishing, and mining town that transformed into a tourism village following the World Heritage listing of Southwest Tasmania. We suggest that contrary to the widely held view that tourism created employment and economic growth in the town, locals experience diminished quality of life, limited opportunities, and reduced amenity and services. This suggests that ecotourism overlooks its responsibilities for local communities in developed countries, with profound consequences for social sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The palace of Said Halim pasha is considered among the most important palaces in Egypt that dates back to the 19th-century. It still stands proudly at Champollion St., Cairo, keeping some of its older glamour. Despite being empty from its collection, the pink marble palace is highly appraised due to its unique architectural style and decorations. It is a typical representation that reflects the elite lifestyle of its period. Unfortunately, its current status of abandonment and neglect might cause the loss of such architectural masterpiece that forms a part of Egypt's rich heritage. Consequently, this paper presents a proposal to safeguard Said Halim's palace and maintains it as a cultural heritage property through converting it into a "Museum of Egyptian Education". Suggestions for the rehabilitation of the palace to serve as a museum and a cultural hub as well as the means of building up a museum collection that would suit the character of the palace and deliver its aimed message are discussed thoroughly in this paper. The paper seeks to direct attention to this largely abandoned heritage and attract responsible parties to undertake this initiative and contribute jointly to save the palace from further deterioration in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Expresión Gráfica en la Edificación is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The focus of this paper is the revitalization of a heritage city center and the significance of retail trade and cruise ship tourism within this context. Fundamental concepts are presented in the literature review and the factors contributing to the decline of old city centers explored. The empirical section of the paper comprises a case study that highlights a specific municipality's efforts to revive its heritage city center. The main attraction in Koper is its well-preserved medieval city center with five-centuries-old Venetian architecture. An analysis of the municipality's initiatives is performed and a qualitative study that investigates the perceptions and experiences of stakeholders regarding the situation and the municipality's actions to preserve commercial activity in the city center. The results of the semi-structured interviews conducted with three distinct stakeholder groups are analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. The findings reveal that the chosen municipality has achieved relative success in revitalizing its heritage city center. Concurrently, stakeholders' perspectives are utilized to identify potential drawbacks and explore opportunities for mitigating them. This paper concludes by presenting its theoretical and methodological contributions to the field of heritage city center revitalization, not only in the selected municipality but also beyond. These insights can inform the appropriate sustainable policy development and marketing strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On behalf of the editorial team we are delighted to introduce volumes 26 & 27 of Papers from the Institute of Archaeology. The contributions in this joint volume were intentionally edited together to encompass the diverse range of research undertaken at UCL Institute of Archaeology. The context to this research environment is provided in the forum covering archaeological and heritage sector implications of Britain's vote in 2016 to leave the European Union. We also introduce three new projects in this joint volume as a new dynamic to Papers from the Institute of Archaeology. The interview has an audio recording accessible in the online version, the winning poster from our poster competition accompanies this editorial, and the first of a series of 'Postcards from Qatar' is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perception of urban and rural environments is multi-dimensional, shaped by the individual preferences of observers, residents, and visitors. Landmarks play a crucial role in the image of a city or rural area, aiding orientation and creating memorable experiences. It enhances navigability, fosters a sense of attachment, and contributes to place identity. Monuments and heritage structures significantly influence the visual ambiance of these environments. The visibility of heritage structures depends on factors such as height, surrounding buildings, skyline, and location. Using Sketch-up software, this paper assesses the visibility of the Rajagopuram in Thiruvasi village, Tamil Nadu. The study evaluates Rajagopuram's visibility from various distances, concluding that it is a prominent landmark that enhances visual recognition and fosters a strong sense of attachment and place identity. The study underscores the importance of preserving heritage buildings to maintain historical and cultural significance amidst modern changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public debate procedures ("dibattito pubblico", DP) have been recently introduced in Italy to provide an additional platform for public participation into infrastructure-related decision-making processes. Inspired by their French equivalent ("débat public"), these procedures sensibly differ from EIAs as they occur at a very early stage, i.e., before projects' final drafting. Another significant difference, specific to the Italian context, is a provision dedicated to heritage sites and protected areas foreseeing a wider application of DPs in those contexts. This paper aims to further explore the different relationships between actors at play within DP procedures on the one hand, and heritage sites and landscapes on the other hand, through the analysis of dedicated reports and other documents. Heritage- and landscape-related values are commonly mobilized in relation to all infrastructural projects considered, although in various ways and sometimes with conflicting aims. The article highlights that environmental conflicts are likely to affect and mobilize heritage and landscape values, and calls for a closer dialogue between infrastructure planning, heritage and landscape planning, and political ecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caught between its Chinese and British colonial history, Hong Kong’s path to self-actualization is unsure without preserving its tangible and intangible heritage. This paper examines the region’s several layers of heritage through the movement to preserve the Star and the Queen piers in 2007, using two theoretical frameworks, Abbas’ culture of disappearance and Tunbridge’s dissonant heritage. Despite the piers’ demolition, their role is vital in understanding conflicting histories and decolonizing the region’s identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of clan paintings reveals a shift in perspective from art aesthetics to cultural connotations to cultural identity, yet literature seldom discusses the relationship between art and kinship culture. Taking the murals of ancestral hall architecture in Guangzhou as an example, this paper utilizes text mining to identify factors influencing its decorative art. It reveals the traditional rites' artistic expression through dimensions of characters' demeanor and the transmission of content values, offering a fresh perspective for heritage value research. Findings: (1) themes and implications are mostly oriented towards positive value transmission, transitioning from idealistic layman life to the realism of lower-class existence, emphasizing humanization; (2) the extroverted portrayal of characters contrasts with the dignified, restrained etiquette of traditional rites, with some characters' portrayal and facial expressions exuding approachability; (3) murals conveying positive emotions are mostly related to longevity, auspiciousness, fortune, and heroic deeds, while those conveying negative emotions mainly involve elderly male figures, reflecting a content bias related to characters; (4) historical allusion murals with complex content reduce the emotional resonance and arousal efficiency of the viewer; (5) incomplete mural content increases negative emotions in perceivers, highlighting the impact of mural preservation on emotional resonance. To delve into the formation of clan painting art, it is essential not only to interpret the diversity of its patterns but also to demonstrate the representation of its social attributes in decorative art. The formation of clan painting decorative art exhibits kinship cultural attributes, epitomizing the essence of traditional ceremonial thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of cities and urban landscapes has witnessed the rise of architectural complexes and urban areas adapting to new functions while leaving behind others deemed obsolete. This phenomenon has sparked a surge in research endeavours aimed at hybridizing land use, not only for urban planning but also for the revitalization of historical edifices. This resurgence often entails the requalification and adaptive reuse of architectural artifacts, harmonizing their historical significance with contemporary demands. This paper delves into a case study focusing on the hybridization project of a pivotal piece of Italian engineering history: the 1938 hangar designed by Pier Luigi Nervi in Salerno, Italy, a groundbreaking prefabricated reinforced concrete structure. The study faces the dual challenge of preserving the hangar's cultural and technological heritage while seamlessly integrating contemporary cultural functions alongside its military roots. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this research navigates through the complexities of architectural hybridization, offering insights into the preservation and adaptation of historical landmarks for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]