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How can novel AI techniques be made and put to use in the library? Combining methods from data and library science, this article focuses on Natural Language Processing technologies, especially in national libraries. It explains how the National Library of Sweden's collections enabled the development of a new BERT language model for Swedish. It also outlines specific use cases for the model in the context of academic libraries, detailing strategies for how such a model could make digital collections available for new forms of research, from automated classification to enhanced searchability and improved OCR cohesion. Highlighting the potential for cross-fertilizing AI with libraries, the conclusion suggests that while AI may transform the workings of the library, libraries can also play a key role in the future development of AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology in libraries has played an essential role in serving today's communities. This study provides an overview of the integrated library systems/software (ILSs) used in libraries in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It aims to highlight the strengths and possibilities of ILSs and briefly explain their advantages and disadvantages along with the cost of implementation. The data was gathered from questionnaires sent via an online survey and from direct interviews with certain academic libraries over the period of 2019 to 2020. Fifty-three of 67 libraries that fulfilled the study have implemented an ILS. To deeply understand the application, a direct interview with some libraries was conducted to learn the advantages and disadvantages. The result of the study showed that the most used ILSs are SLiMS and INLISlite and other programs like Apollo, Athenium Light, Simpus, Spektra, Jibas, KOHA, and Openlibrary. The budget spent is an average of300 USD. While the ILSs have helped these libraries improve services, IT expertise and adequate resources are needed, especially when the systems present problems. An easy-to-use system that costs less will potentially be used in this area of research. This study will be particularly helpful for any library in Indonesia. These findings may also be generalized to libraries in other countries facing economic and technological similarities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of journals with embargo periods in aggregated databases designed for academic libraries has increased for the simple reason that the number of available full text journals in these collections has also increased. Misconceptions surrounding embargo periods deduce that embargoes diminish access to information by withholding the current full text from journals, when in fact, embargoes increase access to information for journals that otherwise would not be available in aggregated databases. Embargoes exist for the purpose of preserving a publisher's traditional print and electronic journal subscriptions. Full text databases and e-journals are distinctly different resources. The use of embargoes may be valid in one electronic resource, but not the other. Linking capabilities provide seamless access from embargoed journals with current indexing in databases to the corresponding current full text found in a library's e-journal collection. Embargoed information from a given journal is far superior to no full text information at all from that source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This guide outlines general issues in searching for studies; describes the main sources of potential studies; and discusses how to plan the search process, design, and carry out search strategies, manage references found during the search process and document and report the search process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of technology and the development of research skills in future teachers, specifically current graduate students participating in Mathematical Olympiads. The study used a quantitative approach and analyzed data collected through a survey. The findings indicated that quantitative analysis skills, problem-solving skills, communication skills, and research methodology skills are the dimensions of research skills in future teachers. The results showed that the use of digital tools for literature searching and curation, online courses and workshops (OCWs), collaborative learning and discussion forums, and data analysis software significantly and positively affected research skills. However, the study failed to provide evidence that digital portfolios (DPs) affected research skills. The limitations of the study and recommendations for future research are discussed. In conclusion, the findings highlight the importance of technology in the development of research skills in future teachers and suggest that technology-based learning resources and tools should be integrated into teacher training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two hundred twenty-nine health sciences libraries (HSLs) worldwide were surveyed regarding the availability of digital collections, evidence of the type of digital collections, level of access, software used, and HSL type. Of the surveyed libraries, 69% (n=157) had digital collections, with an average of 1,531 items in each collection; 49% (n=112) also had institutional repositories. In most cases (n=147), these collections were publicly available. The predominant platforms for disseminating these digital collections were CONTENTdm and library web pages. Only 50% (n=77) of these collections were managed by the health sciences library itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, calculus frequently is taught with artificial intelligence in the form of computer algebra systems. Although these software packages may reduce tedium associated with the mechanics of calculus, they may be less effective if not supplemented by the accompanying teaching of calculus theory. This paper presents two examples from spatial statistics in which computer software in an unsupervised auto-execution mode fails, or can fail, to yield correct calculus results. Accordingly, it emphasizes the need to teach calculus theory when using software packages such as Mathematica and Maple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the results of recent research examining the holdings of Australian research library collections recorded in the WorldCat database using OCLC WorldCat Collection Analysis software. The objectives of the research are: 1. To better understand the distribution of printed monographs amongst Australian research collections in order to assess the potential for enhanced collaboration in aspects of collection management. 2. To test the OCLC WorldCat Collection Analysis software in order to ascertain its value in comparing collection data based on the Australian research libraries subset of the WorldCat database. The collections compared are the National Library of Australia; University of Melbourne; Monash University, and CAVAL Archival and Research Materials Centre. The data record the extent of overlap between collections, and the prevalence and distribution of single copies. The paper refects on the use of WorldCat Collection Analysis software as a means of supporting the future management of Australian research collections. The research was undertaken as a pilot for a larger study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many solutions such as percentage, molar and buffer solutions are used in all experiments conducted in life science laboratories. Although the preparation of the solutions is not difficult, miscalculations that can be made during intensive laboratory work negatively affect the experimental results. In order for the experiments to work correctly, the solutions must be prepared completely correctly. In this project, a software, ATLaS (Assistant Toolkit for Laboratory Solutions), has been developed to eliminate solution errors arising from calculations. Python programming language was used in the development of ATLaS. Tkinter and Pandas libraries were used in the program. ATLaS contains five main modules (1) Percent Solutions, (2) Molar Solutions, (3) Acid-Base Solutions, (4) Buffer Solutions and (5) Unit Converter. Main modules have sub-functions within themselves. With PyInstaller, the software was converted into a stand-alone executable file. The source code of ATLaS is available at https://github.com/cugur1978/ATLaS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One hundred fifteen academic libraries, all current members of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), were selected to participate in an online survey in an effort to better understand campus use of geographic data and geospatial technologies, and how libraries support this use. The survey was used to capture information regarding geographic needs of their respective campuses, the array of services they offer, and the education and training of geographic information services department staff members. The survey results, along with review of recent literature, were used to identify changes in geographic information services and support since 1997, when a similar survey was conducted by ARL. This new study has enabled recommendations to be made for building a successful geographic information service center within the campus library that offers a robust and comprehensive service and support model for all geographic information usage on campus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adulteration in pharmaceutical products is common all over the world particularly in pharmaceutical oral dosage forms like tablets, gelatin capsules. According to previous studies there were many techniques are available to recognize counterfeit medicines. Near Infrared Spectroscopic techniques is widely used in this area due to its numerous advantages. In this work, we used ASD Field Spec4 Spectroradiometer having broad spectral range (350-2500 nanometer) and its supporting software's to create Spectral library of pharmaceutical common drug Paracetamol and some basic excipients used in pharmaceutical industry as formulation process of tablets and capsules and finally also showed the absorption bands of Paracetamol API and Excipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fragment-based drug discovery or FBDD is one of the main methods used by industry and academia for identifying drug-like candidates in early stages of drug discovery. NMR has a significant impact at any stage of the drug discovery process, from primary identification of small molecules to the elucidation of binding modes for guiding optimisations. The essence of NMR as an analytical tool, however, requires the processing and analysis of relatively large amounts of single data items, e.g. spectra, which can be daunting when managed manually. One bottleneck in FBDD by NMR is a lack of adequate and well-integrated resources for NMR data analysis that are freely available to the community. Thus, scientists typically resort to manually inspecting large datasets and relying predominantly on subjective interpretations. In this manuscript, we present CcpNmr AnalysisScreen, a software package that provides computational tools for automated analysis of FBDD data by NMR. We outline how the quality of collected spectra can be evaluated quickly, and how robust workflows can be optimised for reliable and rapid hit identification. With an intuitive graphical user interface and powerful algorithms, AnalysisScreen enables easy analysis of the large datasets needed in the early process of drug discovery by NMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For several years, the software engineering research community used eye trackers to study program comprehension, bug localization, pair programming, and other software engineering tasks. Eye trackers provide researchers with insights on software engineers' cognitive processes, data that can augment those acquired through other means, such as on-line surveys and questionnaires. While there are many ways to take advantage of eye trackers, advancing their use requires defining standards for experimental design, execution, and reporting. We begin by presenting the foundations of eye tracking to provide context and perspective. Based on previous surveys of eye tracking for programming and software engineering tasks and our collective, extensive experience with eye trackers, we discuss when and why researchers should use eye trackers as well as how they should use them. We compile a list of typical use cases—real and anticipated—of eye trackers, as well as metrics, visualizations, and statistical analyses to analyze and report eye-tracking data. We also discuss the pragmatics of eye tracking studies. Finally, we offer lessons learned about using eye trackers to study software engineering tasks. This paper is intended to be a one-stop resource for researchers interested in designing, executing, and reporting eye tracking studies of software engineering tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For more than five years the 1-bits ton Public Library has collected statistics for measuring networked collections and services based on emerging guidelines. While the guidelines have provided authority and stability to the process, the clarification process continues. The development of information discovery software, such as federated search tools and OpenURL resolvers, guarantees that the discussion will be an ongoing one for the foreseeable future. The library has begun to use the data to improve the overall performance of collections and services. As guidelines and instruction develop in these areas, the potential of this data to inform decision making is rich. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we studied the genetic variability in Weddell seal from colonies in Terra Nova Bay and Wood Bay, both sites located in the Ross Sea area, Antarctica. Two mitochondrial genes and one nuclear gene, with different mutation rates, were sequenced to investigate the haplotype diversity of the colonies and to test for a possible recent expansion. Fifteen microsatellites were used to analyze their genetic structure. Sequenced genes and microsatellites were also used to estimate the effective population size of the studied colonies and the Ross Sea seal population. The Ross Sea has a high density population of Weddel seals, with an estimated effective number of 50,000 females, and 1,341 individuals for the sampling area, possibly due to its high primary production. The colonies showed high diversity (Hd > 0.90) and many exclusive haplotypes (> 75%), likely a consequence of the surprisingly high site fidelity of Weddell seals, despite the proximity of the colonies. Nevertheless, there was low microsatellite differentiation between colonies, suggesting that they are part of a single larger population. Their expansion seemed to have started during the last glacial cycle (around 58,000 years ago), indicating that the Ross Sea seal populations have been present in the area for long time, probably due to the lack of hunting by humans and terrestrial predation. As a top predator, the role of Weddell seals in the Ross Sea ecology is crucial, and its demographic dynamics should be monitored to follow the future changes of such an important ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary The Phylogenetic Analysis with Space/Time models (PHAST) package is a widely used software package for comparative genomics that has been freely available for download since 2002. Here, we introduce a web interface (phastWeb) that makes it possible to use two of the most popular programs in PHAST, phastCons and phyloP, without downloading and installing the PHAST software. This interface allows users to upload a sequence alignment and either upload a corresponding phylogeny or have one estimated from the alignment. After processing, users can visualize alignments and conservation scores as genome browser tracks and download estimated tree models and raw scores for further analysis. Altogether, this resource makes key features of the PHAST package conveniently available to a broad audience. Availability and implementation PhastWeb is freely available on the web at http://compgen.cshl.edu/phastweb/. The website provides instructions as well as examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research which assessed the need to switch to Koha enterprise resource planning system and investigated its potential impact on information management organizations. Topics discussed include the benefits linked with the use of Koha system in information management solutions, the extent to which information management organizations are satisfied with the use of Koha system, and the challenges associated with the use of Koha system in information organizations.

Background:This article considers the use of Fedora-based library digital asset management systems (DAMS) as digital humanities (DH) research platforms. Analysis: The features of DAMS are evaluated to identify the ways in which they can currently meet researcher needs, and to suggest areas where further development is necessary. Conclusion and implications: Fedora-based DAMS hold great promise as the basis of digital humanities research platforms. Mature functionality is available for identity management, file and metadata management, versioning, publishing, social media sharing, discovery, interoperability, and long-term preservation. Further development is necessary in order to incorporate annotation, mark-up, and text analysis tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three object-oriented implementations of a prototype solver of the advection equation are introduced. The presented programs are based on Blitz++ (C++), NumPy (Python) and Fortran's built-in array containers. The solvers constitute implementations of the Multidimensional Positive-Definite Advective Transport Algorithm (MPDATA). The introduced codes serve as examples for how the application of object-oriented programming (OOP) techniques and new language constructs from C++11 and Fortran 2008 allow to reproduce the mathematical notation used in the literature within the program code. A discussion on the tradeoffs of the programming language choice is presented. The main angles of comparison are code brevity and syntax clarity (and hence maintainability and auditability) as well as performance. All performance tests are carried out using free and open-source compilers. In the case of Python, a significant performance gain is observed when switching from the standard interpreter (CPython) to the PyPy implementation of Python. Entire source code of all three implementations is embedded in the text and is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL license. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has affected the libraries to the great extent. Libraries use ICT to maintain housekeeping operations, services, uniformity and extension of library facilities. University libraries of Rajasthan (India) are using computer and associated technology for library activities. This study attempts to reveal the basic infrastructure, use, and privation during the implementation of ICT in University libraries of Rajasthan. The data have been collected using the survey method. The paper encompasses the information about the staff, collection, financial sources, hardware, software, networking infrastructure, housekeeping operations, user's services, training and problems areas encountered during implementation of ICT in university libraries. It is revealed that ICT activities are under developing stage in the university libraries of Rajasthan. The lack of basic management and proper planning and frequently change in ICT are the basic hurdles for successful implementation and development of ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer is mandatory in this advanced era and pharmacy and related subjects are not exception to it. This review mainly focuses on the various applications, softwares and use of computers in pharmacy. Computer science and technology is deeply utilized in pharmacy field everywhere like in pharmacy colleges, pharmaceutical industries, research centers, hospital pharmacy and many more. Computer significantly reduces the time, expenditure, and manpower required for any kind of work. Development of various softwares makes it trouble-free to handle huge data. In short, computers are playing critical role in pharmacy field, without computers pharmacy research will be long-lasting and expensive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research which was conducted at the library of the Indiana University School of Dentistry in Indianapolis, Indiana to investigate how library staff could develop and promote a desktop document delivery service and then expand the service to a wide audience. Researchers found that through the careful analysis of capacity and need for the service, the library staff was able to successfully create and expand a desktop document delivery service without incurring additional costs to the library.

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The article focuses on the development of open source system to open libraries. It reflects the creation of freely available digital libraries independent of end-user services or any specific usage made by end users. Libraries argue that the resources should be pooled to get access to non-free information for community members. Increasing free access information resources is considered the most trend libraries faced by libraries. It notes that libraries have opportunity to participate in creating open libraries the provide structural information on behalf of community members for free reuse by others which can be a value-added business model for them.

This article looks at the issues facing libraries as they seek to manage and communicate rights negotiated in an ever increasing number of licences for online resources. It addresses the work that JISC Collections and EDItEUR have been engaged in to develop machine-readable licence expressions of JISC Collections licences that are suitable for import into library systems. The article explores the potential benefits such work offers to the UK academic community, as well as the issues and challenges JISC Collections has faced in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents news briefs related to computer technology in Great Britain as of May 2002. Development of an application based on facial recognition technology by the National Crime Squad; Introduction of an intelligent solution to handle water managementby Schlumberger Oilfield Services; Launch of PowerManager forecasting software by EnvaPower.

Domain-specific generators will increasingly rely on graphical languages for declarative specifications of target applications. Such languages will provide front-ends to generators and related tools to produce customized code on demand. Critical to the success of this approach will be domain-specific design wizards, tools that guide users in their selection of components for constructing particular applications. In this paper, we present the P3 ContainerStore graphical language, its generator, and design wizard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study which describes ArtWare, a HyperCard stack for the Apple Macintosh, which allows researchers to configure and run simple experiments in visual aesthetics. Software and hardware requirements for ArtWare; Capabilities of ArtWare.

Provides information on two situations about the adoption of visual resources in education in the U.S. Formulation of a collection development policy for academic visual resources collections; Use of an integrated software system at the Ringling School of Art and Design Library in Sarasota, Florida.

Presents optimization models for selecting a subset of software libraries residing on floppy disks or compact discs available on the market. Maximization of the reliability of the computer system subject to a budget constraint on the total cost of the libraries; Description of a detailed branch & bound algorithm for solving each of the six models.