1. Antiviral susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses from 3 co-infected pediatric patients.
- Author
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Takashita E, Ichikawa M, Fujisaki S, Morita H, Nagata S, Miura H, Watanabe S, Hasegawa H, and Kawaoka Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Male, Child, Preschool, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype drug effects, Female, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype drug effects, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype genetics, Japan epidemiology, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Influenza, Human drug therapy, Influenza, Human virology, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Coinfection virology, Coinfection drug therapy, SARS-CoV-2 drug effects, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 virology
- Abstract
In Japan, influenza activity was low throughout the COVID-19 pandemic until the 2022-23 season, when the first influenza outbreak occurred since the 2020-21 season. In our influenza surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic, co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus had not been detected; however, in January 2024, we identified three pediatric outpatients co-infected with these viruses: one with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron EG.5 sublineage HK.3 and influenza A(H3N2) and two with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.86 sublineage JN.1.5 and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. We evaluated the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 against RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors (remdesivir and molnupiravir) and 3C-like protease inhibitors (nirmatrelvir and ensitrelvir), and that of influenza viruses against neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, peramivir, zanamivir, and laninamivir) and the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir. All viruses tested were susceptible to these antiviral drugs and did not possess amino acid substitutions associated with reduced antiviral susceptibility. The patients were treated with anti-influenza drugs and did not develop severe symptoms despite the co-infection. Since SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses continue to evolve, continuous monitoring of their circulation remains essential to assess public health measures and support clinical management., Competing Interests: Declarations of competing interest Yoshihiro Kawaoka has received collaborative research funds from FUJIFILM Toyama Chemical Co. LTD, Shionogi & Co. LTD, and Daiichi Sankyo Pharmaceutical and is a founder of FluGen. Other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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