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the most effective types of control over competitive activities is expert evaluation. Purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for expert assessment of competitive activities of highly qualified field hockey players. Material and methods. The study involved 16 highly qualified field hockey players, aged from 19 to 37 years. The average age of the players is 27.3±5.06 years. Sports Qualification: Master of sports of Ukraine. All players were given informed consent to participate in the study. The study was conducted in 2024 during the 2024 Olympic field hockey qualification competition (the city of Valencia, Spain). The research was carried out on the basis of the following methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation; video recording of competitive activities; method of expert assessments; methods of Mathematical Statistics. Results. The author's methodology for expert assessment of competitive activity of field hockey players has been developed based on a 10-point scale, consisting of 5 criteria in the ball ownership phase and 5 criteria in the ball picking up phase. Each of the criteria is rated from 1 to 10 points. The fluctuation of the average values of the expert assessment of players of the national team of Ukraine in the matches of the Olympic qualification 2024 is in the range from 4.2±0.45 to 6.6±0.49 points. Conclusions. The developed methodology of expert assessment of competitive activity of highly qualified field hockey players is appropriate for effective management influences in the process of competitive activity of club and national teams in the Olympic sport – field hockey.

Introduction. The relevance of the study relies on the dissemination of the ideas of “new ethics”, reflecting modern transformations in the understanding of justice, social recognition, political correctness, the fight against discrimination, stigmatization, etc. The academic community, which largely determines the value vector of educational process, is an active participant in the discussion about the “new ethics” The purpose of the study is to analyze its ideas about sociocultural foundations and norm-making prospects of “new ethics”. Materials and Methods. The article is based on the results of the authors’ research conducted among representatives of the academic community. 32 specialists in sociology, ethics and law from Russia, Kyrgyzstan and Belarus were selected as experts. The method of collecting primary sociological information is an expert web interview implemented on the Yandex Forms platform. Recruitment of respondents was carried out through the researchers’ own networks. Results. Experts define “new ethics” as a set of norms and principles formed in the conditions of digital communication and aimed against manifestations of discrimination and violence. The goal of the “new ethics” is to rethink relations between people in the context of the cuttent round of recognition process and increased sensitivity to the violation of the personal boundaries. The focus of the “new ethics” is on the forms of violence that were previously hidden from public view. Experts believe that the “new ethics” has serious norm-creating potential, and regulations are already being changed to meet new requirements. However, they believe that these changes should be thoughtful and not be driven by the emotions,, to which the “new ethics” often appeals. Discussion and Conclusion. Since “new ethics” has a serious impact on education, taking into account the views of the academic community on it is necessary to develop strategies for upbringing, making new laws and codes of academic ethics.

BACKGROUND: Medical workers are one of the professions that significantly strengthen the country’s economy [1, 2]. The development and implementation of health-saving technologies to prolong the effective professional life of medical workers of older age groups will preserve them as a labor resource of the country, which will exclude economic losses of the state. The results of a sociological survey of doctors providing medical care in the polyclinic segment of Moscow and the Moscow region were used to assess the professional competencies of specialists [3]. An organizational technology was then formed based on these findings, which was subsequently proposed for expert assessment. AIM: The aim of this study was to ascertain the significance of organizational technology measures for the professional longevity of doctors in older age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study employed a multi-methodological approach, integrating sociological, statistical, and expert evaluation techniques. A total of 50 experts were invited to rank the activities comprising the integrated technology in terms of their perceived importance for achieving the desired outcome, namely, the support of effective professional longevity of doctors in the event of the implementation of such technology. The experts were specialists in the field of health care and public health, including chief physicians and heads of departments of urban polyclinics in Moscow and the Moscow region, who were accredited in the specialty 03.02.03. They had experience of management in the field of health care ranging from one to 29 years. RESULTS: All experts concur that a medical organization should implement measures to prevent the deterioration of doctors due to aging. The necessity to test doctors over the age of 50 for cognitive disorders and dementia was confirmed by 90% of experts. Additionally, 60% of experts agreed that doctors over the age of 50 require a less demanding work schedule, including a reduction in intellectual workload and an extension of rest periods. At the same time, 20% of experts approve of the transition to a lighter work regime on an individual basis after testing, 10% agreed only with the prolongation of rest, and 10% gave a negative answer. In the opinion of 90% of experts, the widespread introduction of medical information systems (and training in working with them) will help to support the effective professional longevity of doctors of older age groups. A mere 40% of experts concurred that the transfer of senior physicians to monoprofile appointments would assist in prolonging their effective professional longevity. The majority of experts (80%) recommend regular cognitive training for doctors of advanced age, while 10% believe it is only necessary in specific cases and 10% are opposed to the idea. Only 70% of experts in the medical field implement organizational measures to maintain effective professional longevity, while the remaining 30% employ single measures. The therapeutic learning technology [5] was evaluated positively by all experts. The list of measures proposed by experts included the introduction of “time-outs” in addition to lunch break during the working shift, industrial gymnastics, the provision of psychological assistance to doctors by a psychologist, and the holding of computer literacy schools. CONCLUSIONS: The need to introduce organizational technology for prolongation of medical competencies has been confirmed by experts in the field of health care and public health. However, the proposed technology should be adjusted taking into account the received expert opinions.

Abstract Background An illness script is a specific script format geared to represent patient-oriented clinical knowledge organized around enabling conditions, faults (i.e., pathophysiological process), and consequences. Generative artificial intelligence (AI) stands out as an educational aid in continuing medical education. The effortless creation of a typical illness script by generative AI could help the comprehension of key features of diseases and increase diagnostic accuracy. No systematic summary of specific examples of illness scripts has been reported since illness scripts are unique to each physician. Objective This study investigated whether generative AI can generate illness scripts. Methods We utilized ChatGPT-4, a generative AI, to create illness scripts for 184 diseases based on the diseases and conditions integral to the National Model Core Curriculum in Japan for undergraduate medical education (2022 revised edition) and primary care specialist training in Japan. Three physicians applied a three-tier grading scale: “A” denotes that the content of each disease’s illness script proves sufficient for training medical students, “B” denotes that it is partially lacking but acceptable, and “C” denotes that it is deficient in multiple respects. Results By leveraging ChatGPT-4, we successfully generated each component of the illness script for 184 diseases without any omission. The illness scripts received “A,” “B,” and “C” ratings of 56.0% (103/184), 28.3% (52/184), and 15.8% (29/184), respectively. Conclusion Useful illness scripts were seamlessly and instantaneously created using ChatGPT-4 by employing prompts appropriate for medical students. The technology-driven illness script is a valuable tool for introducing medical students to key features of diseases.

Illegal collecting of wild Venus flytraps (Dionaea muscipula) for the horticultural trade represents a persistent threat to populations of the species across their endemic range in the coastal plain of North and South Carolina (United States). Although wild collecting of Venus flytraps is not a novel threat, there has been very little research on the impacts of collecting on the species' conservation to date or why an illegal trade persists alongside a legal one. We drew on qualitative expert stakeholder elicitation to contextualize the threat of illegal collecting to the long-term conservation of Venus flytraps in relation to other anthropogenic threats. Expert elicitation included botanical and conservation researchers, cognizant state and federal agency staff, land managers, and conservation nonprofit actors. The workshop included mapping of supply chain structures and prioritization of social and environmental harms. Expert consensus determined illegal collecting is an ongoing problem for Venus flytrap conservation, but habitat destruction, degradation, and fire suppression are the most significant threats to flytrap conservation. Supply chain analysis showed that observable social and environmental harms of the trade are focused at the supply stage and that less is known about transit and demand stages. Key research gaps identified include a lack of understanding of plant laundering practices relevant to a range of desirable plant taxa; the role of commercial nurseries in illicit horticultural supply chains; motivations for engaging in Venus flytrap collecting; and the persistent demand for illegally harvested plants when cultivated, legally obtainable plants are readily available. Our findings and methodology are relevant to a range of ornamental plants affected by illegal trade for which robust social data on illegal collecting drivers are lacking., (© 2024 The Author(s). Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.)

The expert evaluation of the effectiveness of measures to improve working conditions in foundries using the integrated assessment methodology is considered. Four classes of foundries have been established according to working conditions, which are determined by a complex of factors of the production environment. The possibility of using it to select the most optimal option in the development of projects of reconstructed foundries or workshops and the implementation of measures to improve working conditions is shown. To evaluate the developed methodology, it was tested on the example of the organization of a foundry with a small-scale production. The technique has shown its high efficiency in choosing the optimal placement of equipment.

The subject of study in this article is the processes that occur during the disposal of solid fuel rockets, methods of disposal, and criteria for choosing an effective method of disposal. This study identified the most significant criteria that determine the choice of an effective method for the disposal of decommissioned solid-fuel rocket charges. The task: to consider the risks of the man-made impact of the process of disposal of solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missiles on the environment, associated with the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere, the scattering of fragments, the occurrence of shock air, and seismic and soliton waves; analyze the advantages and disadvantages of existing methods of destruction and use of solid propellant charges of rocket engines; expertly evaluate the criteria for the selection of disposal methods; and a priori ranking of criteria. The method of a priori ranking was chosen as the method of solving the given problem. The following results were obtained. The degree of consistency of the experts’ conclusions was assessed using the concordance coefficient. The hypothesis regarding the significance of the concordance coefficient was tested on the basis of a comparison of the calculated value of the concordance coefficient with the tabulated value at the given values of the significance level and the number of degrees of freedom. The most significant factors that should be taken into account when choosing a disposal method are identified (economic efficiency; the possibility of reusing the fuel that is removed; manufacturability; the probability of emergency situations during the implementation of the method; environmental safety; energy intensity), and factors that can be excluded from further analysis (the need for additional special systems, the degree of mastery of the method). Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: the formalization and mathematical processing of a priori data on the subject of research was conducted, and a comparative assessment of the degree of influence of various criteria on known and promising methods of disposal of solid rocket fuel charges is given. According to the preliminary evaluation, the set of significant selection criteria is most fully met by the cryogenic washing method, the application of which allows the use of solid fuel and crushed substances extracted from solid fuel charges to improve the characteristics of modern detonation engines, to improve the characteristics of the technological processes of applying special refractory coatings, and to organize highly efficient combustion processes in the detonation mode of fuel with the production of thermal and electrical energy.

Purpose: to determine an expert assessment of the need to improve the management of physical culture and sports at the local level, namely in the regions and territorial communities. Material and methods: expert survey by questioning in digital and correspondence format. To create an expert group, scientific and pedagogical workers were interviewed. 38 correctly completed questionnaires were received, which were filled in by 38 scientists (doctors of sciences, professors) from specialized institutions of higher education and faculties of physical education. Results: an expert assessment was given by the statement included in the questionnaire, aimed at establishing the attitude of leading scientists to improving the management of physical culture and sports at the local level. On all claims, the experts expressed support for improving the management and use of research results. In this case, it is recommended to use the achievements of sports science as an important trigger for increasing the level of management of sports development. Conclusions: 97.4% (of which 81.6% completely agree and 15.4% rather agree) of the experts expressed that the level of management significantly determines the state of sports development and the quality of physical culture and sports services at the local level. 89.5% (50% and 39.5%) of experts agree with the statement that the level of management of sports development at the local level is insufficient. 95.7% (65.8% and 28.9%) of the respondents agree that there are significant reserves for improving the management of sports development at the local level. 100% of respondents (84.2% and 15.8%) support the opinion that sports science should be involved in improving the management of sports development at the regional and community level. 100% (81.5% and 18.4%) believe that the introduction of high-quality scientific developments into practice will improve the management of sports in the regions. As you can see, the opinion that the management of sports development at the local level requires significant changes and qualitative improvement was fully confirmed by experts.

Background: Early Barrett cancer can be curatively treated by endoscopic resection. The choice of the resection technique, however-endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or submucosal dissection (ESD)-largely depends on the assumed infiltration depth as judged by the endoscopist. However, the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis of the degree of cancer infiltration is not known., Methods: Three to four high-quality images (both in overview and close-up) from 202 of early Barrett esophagus cancer cases (82% men, mean age 66.9 years) were selected from our endoscopy database (73.3% stage T1a and 26.7% in stage T1b). Images were shown to 9 Barrett esophagus experts, with patients' clinical data (age, sex, Barrett esophagus length) and biopsy results. The experts were asked to predict infiltration depth (T1b vs. T1a), and to suggest the appropriate endoscopic resection technique (EMR or ESD, or surgery). Interobserver variability (kappa values) was also determined for these parameters., Results: Overall positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) to diagnose T1b versus T1a infiltration were 40.7% (95% CI: 36.7, 44.8) and 79.8% (95% CI: 77.5, 81.9), respectively; kappa value was 0.41. Paris classification (kappa 0.51) and suggested treatment also varied between experts. In a post hoc analysis, only the correlation between lesions classified as invisible or flat according to the Paris classification (IIB; 25% of all cases) and the suggested resection technique was better: In this subgroup, EMR was recommended in >80% of cases, with a high complete (basal R0) resection rate (mean of 88.1%)., Conclusions: Precise endoscopic distinction between mucosal and submucosal involvement of Barrett esophagus cancer by experts as a basis for choosing the resection technique has limited predictive values and high interobserver variability. It seems that mainly invisible/flat lesions may result in good resection outcomes when treated by EMR, but this stratification strategy has to be assessed in further studies., (© 2024 The Author(s). United European Gastroenterology Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of United European Gastroenterology.)

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of individual factors on the state of economic security of agricultural enterprises. The subject of the study is the theoretical and methodological aspects of the application of expert assessment to determine the influence of individual factors on the state of economic security of agricultural enterprises. The author presents and interprets the results of an expert survey conducted by the Method of expert assessment of the influence of individual factors on the state of economic security of agricultural enterprises, and also substantiates the advisability of using expert assessment methods in the context of a study of the economic security of agricultural enterprises. The stages of the expert assessment were disclosed. The survey was conducted by questioning a group of experts – leading scientists, economists and production representatives with practical experience in agricultural enterprises. It was revealed that none of the experts identified the level of economic security of their own enterprise as high. Key external and internal threats to economic security were systematized. The level of influence of individual functional components on the formation of economic security of agricultural enterprises was estimated. The proposed by the author peer review method meets the following requirements: the ability to obtain reliable results from a survey of experts; ease of use; clarity and consistency of presentation of the material; the possibility of automated data processing using computer devices; efficiency (obtaining survey results in a short time without losing their credibility); the ability of experts to use both quantitative and qualitative estimates. The results obtained and presented in the article are of exceptional theoretical and practical value, and therefore will be used in further studies, in particular, in developing a strategy for the development of economic security of the agricultural sector.

Link for citation: Dadykin V.S., Dadykina O.V., Yazvenko N.A. Development of a methodology for integrated expert assessment of the prospects of subsurface areas based on an ontological model and fuzzy logic. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 8, рр. 182-189. In Rus. The relevance of the research lies in the need to provide potential investors and authorities with the results of an integrated expert assessment of the prospects of subsurface areas based on an ontological model and fuzzy logic to increase the economic efficiency of prospecting to identify forecast resources and geological reserves. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for integrated expert assessment of the prospects of subsurface areas based on an ontological model and fuzzy logic. Objects: subsurface areas promising for geological study, mainly for solid minerals. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is based on the methods of system analysis and ontological modeling, the use of fuzzy logic methods. Results. The requirements for an automated system for selecting deposits for potential investors are defined in terms of formalizing the decision-making process in terms of reducing the uncertainty of a group of quantitative criteria and «softening the accuracy» of qualitative criteria. An atomic ontological model containing indicators of integrated expert assessment of the prospects of subsurface areas and methodology for integrated expert assessment of the prospects of subsurface areas based on the ontological model and fuzzy logic were developed. The developed method of integrated expert assessment of the prospects of subsurface areas is being tested in the Bryansk branch of the Federal Budgetary Institution «Territorial Fund of Geological Information for the Central Federal District» (Bryansk) on materials collected in the Central Federal District, and can be used as a decision support system in terms of subsurface use, potential investors, the state customer in the software and targeted planning of geological exploration.

Legal pressure on the medical worker is currently a factor in reducing the prestige of the medical profession. An unfair assessment of the quality of medical care leads to a simplification of approaches to the implementation of legally «risk» treatment technologies and the degradation of healthcare. Significant problems are the insufficient formation of competencies among specialists involved in expert work, and gaps in the enforcement of clinical recommendations. Professional medical non-profit organizations have leverage to improve the situation. The elimination of these shortcomings will contribute to an objective and fair legal interpretation of the actions of a medical worker in medical care.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the organizational effectiveness of the introduction of a healthcare information system (electronic medical records and databases) in healthcare in Kazakhstan. Methods: The authors used a combination of 2 methods: expert assessment and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. SWOT analysis is a necessary element of research, constituting a mandatory preliminary stage both when drawing up strategic plans and for taking corrective measures in the future. The expert survey was conducted using 2 questionnaires. Results: The study involved 40 experts drawn from specialists in primary healthcare in Aktobe: 15 representatives of administrative and managerial personnel (chief doctors and their deputies, heads of medical statistics offices, organizational and methodological offices, and internal audit services) and 25 general practitioners. Conclusions: The following functional indicators of the medical and organizational effectiveness of the introduction of information systems in polyclinics were highlighted: first, improvement of administrative control, followed in descending order by registration and movement of medical documentation, statistical reporting and process results, and the cost of employees’ working time. There has been no reduction in financial costs, namely in terms of the costs of copying, delivery of information in paper form, technical equipment, and paper.

Abstract Background In breast cancer patients, late-term upper limb sequelae, such as shoulder pain and impaired shoulder function, remain common after primary breast cancer surgery. The aim of this trial is to evaluate whether an expert assessment of shoulder impairments, followed by an individualised treatment plan, is superior to a minimal physiotherapeutic rehabilitation program in reducing shoulder symptoms, among women with late-term shoulder impairments after primary breast cancer. Methods/design The study is designed as a stratified, parallel-group, assessor-blinded, randomised, controlled trial conducted in Denmark; 130 participants with late-term shoulder impairments 3–7 years after primary surgery for breast cancer will be recruited. Participants will be randomised (allocation 1:1) to either an expert assessment of shoulder impairments followed by an individualised treatment plan or to follow a minimal physiotherapeutic rehabilitation program delivered in a pamphlet. The primary outcome will be a change in shoulder pain and function from baseline to 12 weeks after initiating the treatment, as measured by the patient-reported outcome Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) questionnaire. Discussion There has been an insufficient focus in research and clinical practice on late-term shoulder impairment in women following surgery for breast cancer. This trial will focus on interventions towards late-term shoulder impairments and is expected to provide evidence-based knowledge to physiotherapists and women about the management of shoulder pain and impaired shoulder function. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05277909. Registered on 11 March 2022.

The article contains a sociological analysis of the process of consolidation of Russian society in the conditions of a special military operation. The analysis is based on data from a sociological survey of experts, revealing the degree of support for Russia's course to protect its sovereignty in the context of global confrontation with the West from the leading socially active forces of Russian society, the level of support for the goals of Russia's special military operation in Ukraine from representatives of state and municipal authorities, management structures of large corporate business and business structures with state participation, the spheres of science and education, the Internet community, show business, the media sphere. The analysis of expert assessments of the level of confidence of the population in the reality of achieving the final goals of a special military operation, as well as the degree of confidence in overcoming Russia's global confrontation with the West, is given. From the position of the presence of consolidated positions in society regarding alternatives to the current course of socio-economic development, an analysis of expert assessments of the expectations of Russian society after the completion of a special military operation was carried out. It is concluded that there comes a time in the development of Russian statehood when the problem of choosing the ideological basis that will determine the future of Russia comes on the agenda. Based on this, the article analyzes expert assessments of ideological positions that can become the basis of the consolidation process. It is concluded that the basis of ideological positions is concentrated around the integrating values of citizenship and patriotism, trust and solidarity, and the focus on overcoming the problems facing society.

The article is based on the data collected in the study of the Russian power reputation space. The study focused on both the Russian power in general (official state and municipal power) and the regional power including the state executive power of the region. The authors defined several levels (federal/regional/municipal) and branches (legislative/executive/judicial) of power as the coordinate system structuring the space of power; and for the regional executive power, also peculiarities of responsibilities carried by the subjects of power. The study aimed at identifying the core and periphery of the reputation space of the Russian power based on the results of the two-stage sociological study - expert assessments and mass survey. The authors argue that the reputation space of both the Russian power in general and the regional power is multi-component and formed by the reputation of different subjects of power with a high degree of mutual influence. The study revealed a significant difference in the definitions of the core of the reputation space by the population and experts. The federal power constitutes the core of the reputation space of the Russian power as structured by its levels, according to experts and public opinion. Experts believe that the executive branch constitutes the core of the reputation space as structured by its branches, while the influence of the reputation of different branches seems balanced for public opinion. The similar situation was identified in the reputation space of the regional power. The authors also identified the significant influence of the personification factor on the reputation space of both the Russian power in general and the regional authorities. This leads to a ‘shift’ of the reputational core, which becomes especially evident in public opinion on the role of the president’s reputation: every third respondent identifies it with the reputation of the entire Russian power.

Abstract Background Increasingly, hospitals and research institutes are developing technical solutions for sharing patient data in a privacy preserving manner. Two of these technical solutions are homomorphic encryption and distributed ledger technology. Homomorphic encryption allows computations to be performed on data without this data ever being decrypted. Therefore, homomorphic encryption represents a potential solution for conducting feasibility studies on cohorts of sensitive patient data stored in distributed locations. Distributed ledger technology provides a permanent record on all transfers and processing of patient data, allowing data custodians to audit access. A significant portion of the current literature has examined how these technologies might comply with data protection and research ethics frameworks. In the Swiss context, these instruments include the Federal Act on Data Protection and the Human Research Act. There are also institutional frameworks that govern the processing of health related and genetic data at different universities and hospitals. Given Switzerland’s geographical proximity to European Union (EU) member states, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) may impose additional obligations. Methods To conduct this assessment, we carried out a series of qualitative interviews with key stakeholders at Swiss hospitals and research institutions. These included legal and clinical data management staff, as well as clinical and research ethics experts. These interviews were carried out with two series of vignettes that focused on data discovery using homomorphic encryption and data erasure from a distributed ledger platform. Results For our first set of vignettes, interviewees were prepared to allow data discovery requests if patients had provided general consent or ethics committee approval, depending on the types of data made available. Our interviewees highlighted the importance of protecting against the risk of reidentification given different types of data. For our second set, there was disagreement amongst interviewees on whether they would delete patient data locally, or delete data linked to a ledger with cryptographic hashes. Our interviewees were also willing to delete data locally or on the ledger, subject to local legislation. Conclusion Our findings can help guide the deployment of these technologies, as well as determine ethics and legal requirements for such technologies.

Subject matter. Justification of the choice of a model range of heavy vehicles when organizing purchases in the framework of large-scale infrastructure projects. Goal. Increasing the efficiency of the process of determining the model range of heavy automobile equipment, in terms of its operation, at the stage of initiating large-scale infrastructure projects, by creating a special methodological approach, and on its basis - an appropriate information technology for decision support. Tasks. To develop a complex fuzzy model for assessing the quality of heavy automobile equipment during its operation. To propose a method for collective expert assessment of the quality of heavy automobile equipment during its operation. To develop an applied information technology to support decision-making on the formation of a model range of purchased heavy vehicles. Methods. System analysis – in the development of a comprehensive model of the quality of heavy automotive equipment; fuzzy mathematics – to ensure the process of fuzzy assessment by experts of the quality of heavy automobile equipment during its operation; expertology – when creating a method for forming a generalized quality assessment by means of collective expert assessment; software engineering – when creating applied information technology for collective expert assessment of the quality of heavy automobile equipment. Results. An approach to the creation of a number of applied information technologies for complex expert assessment of the quality of operation of a wide class of vehicles using the example of heavy automobile equipment. Conclusions. A comprehensive model has been developed for assessing the quality of heavy automobile equipment, at the stage of its operation, using the principles and approaches that are generally accepted in system analysis. The method of presentation and further implementation of a complex quality assessment model by means of fuzzy mathematics, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of expert assessment, is described. A method for forming a team of experts is proposed, which implements the selection of an expert from several applicants, while taking into account the communication capabilities of individual members of the team of experts. The applied information technology for complex assessment of the quality of heavy automobile equipment in the aspect of its operation is described, in order to justify the choice of a model range for the acquisition of this equipment in the implementation of large-scale infrastructure projects.

The paper examines the basic schemes, features and advantages of magnetic abrasive machining. In this work we provide information on working environments for magnetic abrasive machining, compositions of ferro-abrasive powders and roughness of the surfaces achieved by their application; the process of forming the working layer is also analyzed. A classification of magnetic abrasive machining schemes according to the type of the magnetic inductor used, as well as their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. It is shown that the basic scheme of magnetic abrasive machining, the kind and dispersion of the abrasive medium, are assigned depending on the specific machining conditions and the requirements for the surface layer condition, whereas the choice of the type of the magnetic inductor is not so obvious, since each of the types has its advantages and disadvantages. An expert assessment procedure in choosing an acceptable magnetic-inductor scheme from a number of alternatives for use in magnetic abrasive machining is presented. The method of expert assessment was tested drawing on the example of the work of a group of experts formed by representatives of science and industry. It is shown that the direct-current electromagnetic inductor scheme is a rational scheme of magnetic abrasive machining according to the type of inductor used. This is due to the simplicity of process control and the expansion of technological capabilities, applicability for a wide range of problems solved by magnetic abrasive machining. Permanent-magnet magnetic abrasive schemes can be considered as an alternative to permanent-magnet ones.

Research objective – assessment of the state, organization, issues and development outlook of psychotherapeutic aid at the regional level. Material and methods. The expert card permitting to carry out expert assessment of psychotherapeutic aid at the regional level was developed. The standard method was used for expert assessment. The method of concordance with the Kendall coefficient (W) was used to determine the consistency of experts’ opinions. Experts were the health professionals, psychotherapists, psychiatrists. 156 experts took part in the assessment. Results: According to the opinion of 61.1 ± 4.8 % of the experts, psychotherapeutic aid is in high demand at the stage of primary health care, but at the same time 70.5 ± 4.5 % of the experts believe that it is less available at this stage (W = 0.4; p < 0.001). 68.5 ± 4.6 % of the experts feel that the amount of psychotherapeutic aid, administered to adult population in the territory of Novosibirsk region, is insufficient (W = 0.3; p < 0.001). According to 85.9 ± 3.4 % of the experts, the development of availability of such aid is necessary. Conclusion: Increase in awareness concerning psychotherapeutic aid among doctors and patients, as well as opening of psychotherapeutic offices as part of standard polyclinics, rise in the number of psychotherapeutists and introduction of psychotherapy into the compulsory health insurance system will facilitate the improvement of the management of psychotherapeutic aid at the regional level.

The purpose of this research is to study the positive and negative aspects of pension savings early withdrawal. A review of foreign experience and literature was conducted; the opinion of expert practitioners in economics, in particular, the financial sphere, was taken into account. Since the recent reforms carried out in the early withdrawal pension system have an impact on future pension payments, there is a need to study this issue. A qualitative research method was applied to determine the positive and negative aspects of the early withdrawal of pension savings using the QDA Miner Lite software. An analysis was carried out on the leading four indicators – factors, advantages and disadvantages, and government readiness. The international experience that has been analyzed shows that in any country, if contributors in their pension fund do not have enough savings to ensure an adequate level of replacement rate, then early withdrawal of funds is not allowed. Their further savings and investment are provided. The opinions of experts regarding the premature use of pension savings are divided. Suppose some believe this situation will lead to an imbalance in the pension system and insufficient pensions in the future. Others believe that it will improve the current well-being of the population. Experts also note that the efficiency of the UAPF will not improve in any way, and the effect on the economy and the population’s welfare will be indistinct and short-term. The results of the study can be used for further development of the pension system.

Background and study aim. In team game sports, including field hockey, one of the most effective types of control over competitive activities is expert evaluation. Purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for expert assessment of competitive activities of highly qualified field hockey players. Material and methods. The study involved 16 highly qualified field hockey players, aged from 19 to 37 years. The average age of the players is 27.3±5.06 years. Sports Qualification: Master of sports of Ukraine. All players were given informed consent to participate in the study. The study was conducted in 2024 during the 2024 Olympic field hockey qualification competition (the city of Valencia, Spain). The research was carried out on the basis of the following methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation; video recording of competitive activities; method of expert assessments; methods of Mathematical Statistics. Results. The author's methodology for expert assessment of competitive activity of field hockey players has been developed based on a 10-point scale, consisting of 5 criteria in the ball ownership phase and 5 criteria in the ball picking up phase. Each of the criteria is rated from 1 to 10 points. The fluctuation of the average values of the expert assessment of players of the national team of Ukraine in the matches of the Olympic qualification 2024 is in the range from 4.2±0.45 to 6.6±0.49 points. Conclusions. The developed methodology of expert assessment of competitive activity of highly qualified field hockey players is appropriate for effective management influences in the process of competitive activity of club and national teams in the Olympic sport -- field hockey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of the study. The main goal of this research is to identify key aspects of expert assessments and offer high-quality recommendations for their improvement.Materials and methods. Foresight is built on the basis of expert assessment method, includes: active formation of the image of the future instead of its probabilistic prediction, focus on identifying key development priorities, participation in the study of key stakeholders, the relationship with the management decision-making process. The methods of analysis used in the work suggest methods of theoretical research in the form of analysis and modeling. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: firstly, the Expert model was formed based on the necessary and sufficient criteria for selecting respondents to the foresight study; secondly, the main characteristics of the Delphi method for consensus decisions in expert groups were identified. The research work considers various sources of information, which became the basis for the further development of the Expert model, based on an integrated approach based on the statistical, sociological and economic fields of science.Results. On the basis of bibliometric analysis, important criteria for the selection of experts were highlighted: a practical component, a theoretical component, a creative component, an assessment of belonging to a field of study, an assessment of work in a study, an adjustment of results. The relevance of the selection of an expert greatly influences the result of the foresight, therefore, there is a need for a balanced selection of respondents to the study. Foresight studies have a distinctive feature from other areas in that the result is the achievement of consensus between experts in the subject area. Decision makers are drawn from three areas of activity business, government, science. In this regard, criteria for the selection of respondents were formed, which imply the necessary and sufficient conditions. The necessary criteria are understood as such parameters, without which the characteristics of the expert do not allow the respondent to be an expert for this study. A sufficient condition for the participation of the decision maker in the foresight analysis implies such selection criteria, which are complementary characteristics of the expert, which do not need to prove that the expert is a suitable expert for a specific study. As a result, four necessary criteria for the selection of experts for groups were identified, as well as individual sufficient criteria for each group. The process of carrying out the Delphi method is considered, the advantages and disadvantages are determined, on the basis of which the resulting indicator is proposed the foresight research reliability index.Conclusion. The method of selection of experts allows a comprehensive approach to the problem in the field of formation of expert groups based on the introduction of digital technologies that improves the qualitative characteristics of foresight research. The confidence index, as a result indicator, determines the objectivity of the study based on expert assessments.

Abstract Each year, hundreds of scientific works with species' geographical data are published. However, these data can be challenging to identify, collect, and integrate into analytical workflows due to differences in reporting structures, storage formats, and the omission or inconsistency of relevant information and terminology. These difficulties tend to be aggravated for non‐native species, given varying attitudes toward non‐native species reporting and the existence of an additional layer of invasion‐related terminology. Thus, our objective is to identify the current practices and drivers of the geographical reporting of non‐native species in the scientific literature. We conducted an online survey targeting authors of species regional checklists—a widely published source of biogeographical data—where we asked about reporting habits and perceptions regarding non‐native taxa. The responses and the relationships between response variables and predictors were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression models. With a response rate of 22.4% (n = 113), we found that nearly half of respondents (45.5%) do not always report non‐native taxa, and of those who report, many (44.7%) do not always differentiate them from native taxa. Close to half of respondents (46.4%) also view the terminology of biological invasions as an obstacle to the reporting of non‐native taxa. The ways in which checklist information is provided are varied, but mainly correspond to descriptive text and embedded tables with non‐native species (when given) mentioned alongside native species. Only 13.4% of respondents mention to always provide the data in automation‐friendly formats or its publication in biodiversity data repositories. Data on the distribution of non‐native species are essential for monitoring global biodiversity change and preventing biological invasions. Despite its importance our results show an urgent need to improve the frequency, accessibility, and consistency of publication of these data.

Purpose – To construct a scientific and reasonable indicator system, it is necessary to design a set of standardized indicator primary selection and optimization inspection process. The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical guidance and reference standards for the indicator system design process, laying a solid foundation for the application of the indicator system, by systematically exploring the expert evaluation method to optimize the index system to enhance its credibility and reliability, to improve its resolution and accuracy and reduce its objectivity and randomness. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on system theory and statistics, and it designs the main line of “relevant theoretical analysis – identification of indicators – expert assignment and quality inspection” to achieve the design and optimization of the indicator system. First, the theoretical basis analysis, relevant factor analysis and physical process description are used to clarify the comprehensive evaluation problem and the correlation mechanism. Second, the system structure analysis, hierarchical decomposition and indicator set identification are used to complete the initial establishment of the indicator system. Third, based on expert assignment method, such as Delphi assignments, statistical analysis, t-test and non-parametric test are used to complete the expert assignment quality diagnosis of a single index, the reliability and validity test is used to perform single-index assignment correction and consistency test is used for KENDALL coordination coefficient and F-test multi-indicator expert assignment quality diagnosis. Findings – Compared with the traditional index system construction method, the optimization process used in the study standardizes the process of index establishment, reduces subjectivity and randomness, and enhances objectivity and scientificity. Originality/value – The innovation point and value of the paper are embodied in three aspects. First, the system design process of the combined indicator system, the multi-dimensional index screening and system optimization are carried out to ensure that the index system is scientific, reasonable and comprehensive. Second, the experts’ background is comprehensively evaluated. The objectivity and reliability of experts’ assignment are analyzed and improved on the basis of traditional methods. Third, aim at the quality of expert assignment, conduct t-test, non-parametric test of single index, and multi-optimal test of coordination and importance of multiple indicators, enhance experts the practicality of assignment and ensures the quality of expert assignment.

BACKGROUND: The Trauma NOn-TECHnical Skills (T-NOTECHS) tool has been used to assess teamwork in trauma resuscitation, but its reliability and validity for self-assessment is unknown. Our purpose was to determine the reliability and validity of self-administered T-NOTECHS in pediatric trauma resuscitation. METHODS: Simulated in situ resuscitations were evaluated using T-NOTECHS in real time by experts and immediately afterwards by team members. Reliability was analyzed with linear-weighted kappa and intra-class correlation. T-NOTECHS scores were compared between expert (gold-standard) and self-assessment. RESULTS: Fifteen simulations were examined. T-NOTECHS scores were similar between self- and expert assessment for leadership. Self-assessment scores were higher than expert for the other domains and total composite score. Inter-rater reliability for total score was similar between the two groups, but differences were observed in the domains. CONCLUSIONS: Self-assessment is not interchangeable with expert rating when using T-NOTECHS. Future studies need to determine how self-assessment can be best utilized. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Studies of diagnostic accuracy - Level 2.

The article presents the results of research of existing methods for conducting group expert assessment. The method of group expert assessment taking into account the competence of the experts involved on the basis of previously established criteria was used. A group expert evaluation of the state of metrological assurance for ten types of measurement was carried out. Results are processed used of specialized and universal software. A comparative analysis of the results obtained to assess the suitability of the methods was conducted. The primary issues are metrological assurance for measurements of electrical quantities and the measurement of time and frequency for further in-depth study.

The essence of an expert assessment as a scientific method is a rational organization of experts analyzing the problem from a quantitative evaluation of judgments and results processing. A generalized opinion of the expert group is taken as the solution. The diversity of the problems solved by the experts is reduced to two types: a system analysis and a parametric analysis of the design proposal. The system analysis aims to confirm the feasibility (or non-expediency) of creating a new equipment model, to estimate its technical level and economic efficiency, taking into account requirements and possibilities of an upgraded technical system. The parametric analysis of the project proposal is to justify the validity of design parameters and characteristics of the considered technical system, their marketability, the importance of targets. Despite the relatively well-established and proven tools expertise methods, the expert assessment of complex technical systems project proposals still remains a challenge. The main difficulty is the decomposition of tasks, the definition of a hierarchical system of criteria (grounds on which project proposals are compared).The technique and software for the expert assessment of project proposals for the sake of assessing the quality and competitiveness of aviation and rocketry products are suggested in the article. The technique of expert assessment involves the comparative analysis of project proposals in accordance with the formed system of criteria of products quality. The method of analysis of hierarchies, which is currently one of the most powerful and effective methods of the expert assessment and the decision-making, is used. Thanks to the hierarchical representation of the expert assessment task and the relatively simple procedure for the pairwise estimation of project proposals at each stage of the expert procedure, there is a possibility operatively to carry out the comparative assessment of a large number of alternative design proposals, using arbitrarily complex system of criteria.An example of using the developed technique and software for the expert assessment of project proposals of aviation and rocketry products in the solution of the problem of choosing the rational option of constructive and technological patterns of a wing is given.

Human activities are increasingly impacting our oceans and the focus tends to be on their environmental impacts, rather than consequences for animal welfare. Global shipping density has quadrupled since 1992. Unsurprisingly, increased levels of vessel collisions with cetaceans have followed this global expansion of shipping. This paper is the first to attempt to consider the severity of ship-strike on individual whale welfare. The methodology of the ‘Welfare Assessment Tool for Wild Cetaceans’ (WATWC) was used, which is itself based upon the Five Domains model. Expert opinion was sought on six hypothetical but realistic case studies involving humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) struck by ships. Twenty-nine experts in the cetacean and welfare sector took part. They were split into two groups; Group 1 first assessed a case we judged to be the least severe and Group 2 first assessed the most severe. Both groups then additionally assessed the same four further cases. This was to investigate whether the severity of the first case influenced judgements regarding subsequent cases (i.e. expert judgements were relative) or not (i.e. judgements were absolute). No significant difference between the two groups of assessors was found; therefore, the hypothesis of relative scoring was rejected. Experts judged whales may suffer some level (>1) of overall (Domain 5) harm for the rest of their lives following a ship-strike incident. Health, closely followed by Behaviour were found to be the welfare aspects most affected by ship-strikes. Overall, the WATWC shows a robust potential to aid decision-making on wild cetacean welfare.

The article presents the results of an expert assessment of the thinning out of forest stands on the territory of the N district of the Kirov region based on field studies. Fieldwork consisted of recalculating and measuring the diameters of stumps left after felling trees, establishing their species composition and quality condition to determine the volume of harvested wood in the context of species. The stumps found were identified as pine (70 %), spruce, birch, and aspen.The authors reveal that the release forest cutting was carried out within the boundaries of the designated cutting area with an excess of the established volume of wood harvesting for the prime breed (pine). The volume of felled pinewood exceeded 2.5 times; for other species, these data is more than 70 % lower than declared. At the same time, the total actual volume of the withdrawn wood does not exceed the data of the forest declaration. Based on the revealed violation of the forest legislation and the relevant regulatory documents, the authors have calculated the amount of damage caused to the forest plantation due to illegal logging of pine wood in the volume of 297 m3. The damage amounted to more than 4 million rubles.

Background: Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is associated with high risk of recurrent strokes despite best medical management (MM). We aimed to synthesize the evidence from randomized studies comparing intracranial stenting plus MM versus MM alone., Methods: Comprehensive search of MEDLINE database was performed until May 2023. The data were extracted and pooled as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI)., Results: We included three multicenter RCTs totaling 919 patients. As compared to MM alone, intracranial stenting was associated with statistically significant higher risks of any stroke or death (RR = 2.93, 95%CI [1.80-4.78], p  < 0.0001), stroke in the same territory of qualifying artery (RR = 3.56, 95%CI [1.97-6.44], p < 0.0001), any ischemic stroke (RR = 2.22, 95%CI [1.27-3.87], p  = 0.005), hemorrhagic stroke (RR = 13.49, 95%CI [2.59-70.15], p  = 0.0002), and death (RR = 5.43, 95%CI [1.21-24.40], p  = 0.003) within 30 days of randomization. There was a persistent lack of benefit and signals of harm at the last follow up within 1-3 years: any stroke or death (RR = 1.57, 95%CI [0.92-2.67], p  =  0.1 ), stroke in the same territory of qualifying artery (RR = 1.84, 95%CI [0.97-3.50], p  =  0.06 ), any ischemic stroke (RR = 1.56, 95%CI [1.11-2.20], p  =  0.01 ), death (RR = 1.61, 95%CI [0.77-3.38], p  =  0.2 ). The cumulative rate of stroke in the same territory of qualified artery with MM alone within the 1-3-year follow up was lower than expected, with only 47 out of the 450 (10.4%) MM alone patients suffering such events., Conclusion: The findings from this meta-analysis do not recommend stenting as a routine care option for the broader symptomatic ICAS patient population. The rates of recurrent strokes in ICAS patients managed with aggressive MM do not seem to be as high as anticipated. Additional multicenter RCTs including safer devices, larger sample sizes, and patients at higher risk of recurrent events are warranted., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: MFD reports a grant award to support his research fellowship from Medtronic. RGN reports consulting fees for advisory roles with Anaconda, Biogen, Cerenovus, Genentech, Philips, Hybernia, Imperative Care, Medtronic, Phenox, Philips, Prolong Pharmaceuticals, Stryker Neurovascular, Shanghai Wallaby, Synchron, and stock options for advisory roles with Astrocyte, Brainomix, Cerebrotech, Ceretrieve, Corindus Vascular Robotics, Vesalio, Viz-AI, RapidPulse and Perfuze. RGN is one of the Principal Investigators of the “Endovascular Therapy for Low NIHSS Ischemic Strokes (ENDOLOW)” trial. RGN is the Principal Investigator of the “Combined Thrombectomy for Distal MediUm Vessel Occlusion StroKe (DUSK)” trial. RGN is an investor in Viz-AI, Perfuze, Cerebrotech, Reist/Q’Apel Medical, Truvic, Vastrax, and Viseon. ARA reports consulting fees from Stryker Neurovascular and Cerenovus. MR reports grant funding (NIH P30 AG2482 and NIH 5U24 NS107216–05). BAG reports consulting fees from Medtronic, Microvention and Stryker Neurovascular.