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[Purpose/Significance] Identifying potential technological opportunities will help countries and enterprises seize scientific and technological opportunities, which is particularly important for innovation entities to enhance their core competitiveness and gain competitive advantages in scientific and technological innovation and application. A systematic review of existing research is provided on technology opportunity identification, discriminating current limitations and research prospects to provide theoretical support for further research and practice on technology opportunity identification. [Method/Process] This paper first clarifies the connotation and types of technology opportunities, and the research holds that technology opportunities can be divided into three types: emerging technology, blank technology and fusion technology. It then sorts out the research status of three different types of technology opportunity identification at home and abroad through literature review, and focuses on the summary of the characteristics of different types of technology opportunity identification. It includes the core ideas, main methods, representative literature, and each type of data sources, and evaluates the existing research results. Finally, the limitations of the current research, and the development direction of future are discussed. [Results/Conclusions] Diversified types of technology opportunity identification are found and rich research methods are used in the literature, and a relatively standardized and systematic research paradigm has come into being. By analyzing each type of technology opportunity, some common elements can be found, including representative methods, method principles, data sources, knowledge representation units, technology opportunity definitions, technology opportunity evaluation, advantages and disadvantages, and other characteristics. The main limitations of the existing research are summarized as follows. First, the existing research is primarily carried out from a single perspective view, and a complete system of cross-domain technology identification and reference methods has not yet been formed. Second, in terms of data sources, most of the data sources of technology opportunity identification are papers or patent data, and there is a lack of research on the integration of multi-source data and study on multiple relationships. In terms of identification methods, the representative technology is primarily at a macro or micro level, and the semantic relationship between words is seldom considered. Finally, in terms of post-evaluation, there is a lack of a comprehensive and systematic evaluation system. The possible research work in the future may focus on the following aspects: cross-field and cross-topic technology opportunity identification to achieve cross convergence among more technology elements will become the development trend; more diversified and targeted data sources, research methods, and research content are expected; the analysis framework and process will be more standardized, and the post-evaluation system will be improved.

Objective To investigate the histological damage recovery of temporomandibular joint condylar cartilage caused by chronic unpredictable moderate stress, aiming to provide an experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of temporomandibular disorder. Methods This animal experiment was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethical Inspection, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University (No. 2020081). 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, stress group, and 2-, 4- and 8-week post-stress recovery groups. Rats were subjected to chronic unpredictable moderate stress (CUMS) for 8 weeks including damp sawdust for 24 hours, tilted cage for 12 hours, noise for 4 hours, light/dark cycle reversal, water immersion, tail clamp, and restraint stress. The serum assessment, behavioral tests, histological and ultrastructural observation were performed 2-, 4- and 8-weeks after stress factors were removed. Serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) were determined with ELISA. The sucrose preference test (SPT) and the forced swim test (FST) were used to assess the depressive-like behavior. The expression level of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3) were determined by Immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results At the end of 8 weeks of CUMS, the serum levels of CORT and ACTH were significantly higher in stress group compared with control group (P0.05) and higher expression of MMP-3 comparing with the control group (P0.05). The condylar collagen fibers increased and showed a corrugated pattern, and no serious subchondral bone damage as well as irreversible damage occurred. Both of the expression levels of IL-1α and MMP-3 approached those of the control group after 8 weeks of stress removal (P>0.05). Conclusion The behavioral changes and condylar cartilage damage caused by CUMS could be self-repaired. The decline in IL-1α and MMP-3 expression may be one of the intrinsic mechanisms of this self-repair process.

[Purpose/significance] This paper aims to propose a mapping model based on cosine similarity for mapping between patent documents and industrial classification. This model is accurate, efficient and scalable, which provides some references for the further research. [Method/process] After introducing the methods for mapping between patents and industrial classification, we designed a model for mapping between patent documents and industrial classification and completed the mapping between the 2015 annual patents of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Classification of Strategic Emerging Industries. Then we evaluated this model according to the mapping results. [Result/conclusion] This model obtains the mapping results between patent documents and industrial classification automatically by the natural language processing technology and enables mapping between patents and industrial classification bi-directionally. The method saves a lot of labor costs and can easily adjust the fine-grained classification and be applied to most of the mapping between patents and industrial classification. Finally, improvements of the model are described. Some future application areas are also briefly discussed in this paper.

Photocatalyst activated persulfate (PDS) to degrade organic pollutants in water has good application prospects. Herein, an effective method of using PDS combined with Ag/AgCl/BiO2-x under visible-light irradiation to remove the refractory organic pollutants in water was reported. The Ag/AgCl/BiO2-x ternary composite was prepared by hydrothermal synthesized BiO2-x with a subsequent in-situ precipitation and photoreduction treatment of AgCl. The as-prepared photocatalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, XPS, UV–Vis-DRS, etc. The effects of Ag/AgCl loading amount, PDS dosage, pH, and coexisting anions (Cl−, CO32−, NO3−) on the degradation were investigated. Results showed that the coupling of the photocatalysis and persulfate greatly improved the degradation efficiency. The degradation of rhodamine B reached up to 98.9% for 2.5 h under the optimal conditions. After four cycles, the catalyst activity decreased to 81.9%, indicating a good recyclability and stability of the catalyst. Free radical capture experiments showed that ⋅O2− was the main active species in the Cat + Vis + PDS system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periodontitis is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults, and psychological factors play an important role in the development of periodontitis. To elucidate the adverse effects of psychological stress on the inflammatory process and redox status of periodontitis tissue, fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the control, experimental periodontitis, psychological stress, experimental periodontitis plus psychological stress, and experimental periodontitis plus psychological stress plus fluoxetine groups. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to establish psychological stress, and silk ligature was used to induce experimental periodontitis. Four weeks later, stressed rats showed altered behaviour, serum hormone levels, and sucrose preference. More obvious alveolar bone loss and attachment loss and higher protein expressions of inflammatory cytokines were observed in the experimental periodontitis plus psychological stress group. The combination of CUMS and periodontitis had synergistic effects on increasing hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 α ) protein expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities compared with those in the stress or periodontitis groups. Moreover, psychological stress further increased p-I κ B α and p-NF- κ B p65 protein levels and decreased I κ B α protein levels in periodontitis rats. Fluoxetine administration alleviated the adverse effects of psychological stress on the progression of periodontitis in rats. These results hint us that psychological stress could aggravate inflammation in periodontitis tissues, which may be partly due to local worsening of oxidative damage and further activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF- κ B) signalling pathway., Competing Interests: The authors declare no potential competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 Qiang Li et al.)