Search

Acute calcium deposit (ACD) in the hand and wrist is a cause of acute pain due to crystal-induced soft-tissue inflammation. There are no standard management guidelines for this condition, which is frequently treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), with variable efficacy, some patients presenting symptoms for several months. We retrospectively analyzed the results of all patients treated with anakinra for hand or wrist ACD in our department in 2020. We extracted data on treatment duration, pain, range of motion, skin erythema, hypervascularization, edema, and X-ray findings. Ten patients were treated for hand or wrist ACD with anakinra 100 mg per day for a mean 2.7 days. We observed rapid and significant improvement in pain, range of motion, local erythema and edema from day 2 and a decrease in skin temperature from day 3. Calcifications significantly decreased in size or disappeared in the majority of the patients. There were no adverse events or recurrences at 1 year's follow-up. Anakinra was associated with significant clinical improvement after only two days' treatment and may be considered to treat patients with hand or wrist ACD, especially in case of contraindications to NSAIDs or glucocorticoids. Further controlled studies are needed to confirm the present observations.

There has been an increased demand for traceable calibrations at infrasonic frequencies in support of geophysical monitoring applications, an example being the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization, which provides global international coverage for a nuclear testing ban, and requires the International Monitoring System. In this paper, a new laser pistonphone design is presented with the objective of establishing primary standards for sound pressure at very low frequencies down to 10 mHz. The piston is a modified accessorized loudspeaker driver whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the front pistonphone cavity. The volume velocity of the piston is measured through a laser interferometer and the current version was designed to have an upper frequency limit of 20 Hz, to overlap with the closed coupler reciprocity method of calibration. Particular attention has been given to the sealing to avoid pressure leakage loss. The dimensions of the front cavity were designed to allow the calibration of a large variety of sensors, including microphones, barometers, manometers and microbarometers. Examples of calibrations for several sensors are presented and also an uncertainty budget for the Brüel & Kjær type 4160 laboratory standard microphones, commonly used for primary calibrations. Finally, the metrological performance of the laser pistonphone is demonstrated by comparing the calibration results with those obtained with alternative methods.

Distribution is an integral part of the supply chain of a product. The role of distribution greatly determines the distribution of a product to reach consumers. An efficient process is needed that can ensure that the product reaches consumers widely and at the lowest possible cost. A business should have an efficient distribution channel, so that the business can dominate the market. The purpose of this study was to determine the system of cooperation between roa fishing fishermen and smoked roa fish processors in Kinabuhutan Village and to determine the amount of marketing efficiency at each raw material supply node in Kinabuhutan Village. The population in this study were roa fishers, fish processors, middlemen and retailers. Data were collected using purposive sampling. The data collected in the form of primary data and secondary data. Primary data collection techniques with observation and interviews. The data obtained were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of the study, there are five main components or actors in supply chain analysis, namely fishermen, smoked roa fish processors, middlemen, retailers and final consumers. In addition, there are 3 types of flow in the supply chain, namely product flow, financial flow and information flow. The flow of smoked roa fish products flows from upstream to downstream or from fishermen to final consumers. Meanwhile, financial flows flow from downstream (downstream) to upstream (upstream) or from consumers to fishermen and the flow of information is a flow that flows from two directions, namely from upstream to downstream (downstream) or from fishermen to consumers and from downstream. (downstream) to upstream (upstream) or from consumers to fishermen. From the results of the analysis, it is also known that the marketing of smoked roa fish products is very efficient because all nodes have an efficiency value < 1, but the most efficient is at the fishermen's node because the value is equal to 0.

The generation of an optimal schedule of elective surgery cases for a hospital surgery services unit is a well-known problem in the operations research field. The complexity of the problem is greatly compounded when uncertainties in the parameters are considered and is an issue that has been addressed in few works in the literature. Uncertainties appear in surgery durations and the availability of downstream resources such as surgical intensive care units (SICU), presenting large deviations from their expected value and impacting in the performance of the scheduling process. The technique presented here addresses the uncertainties in the optimal scheduling of a given set of elective surgery cases by means of simulated-based optimization. The main advantage of this approach over previous works is that detailed systems’ simulations can be constructed without losing computational performance, thus improving the robustness of the scheduling solution.

Background: Diagnosis of monogenic diabetes has important clinical implications for treatment and health expenditure. However, its prevalence remains to be specified in many countries, particularly from South Europe, North Africa and Middle-East, where non-autoimmune diabetes in young adults is increasing dramatically. Aims: To identify cases of monogenic diabetes in young adults from Mediterranean countries and assess the specificities between countries. Methods: We conducted a transnational multicenter study based on exome sequencing in 204 unrelated patients with diabetes (age-at-diagnosis: 26.1 ± 9.1 years). Rare coding variants in 35 targeted genes were evaluated for pathogenicity. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, chi-squared test and factor analysis of mixed data. Results: Forty pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, 14 of which novel, were identified in 36 patients yielding a genetic diagnosis rate of 17.6%. The majority of cases were due to GCK, HNF1A, ABCC8 and HNF4A variants. We observed highly variable diagnosis rates according to countries, with association to genetic ancestry. Lower body mass index and HbA1c at study inclusion, and less frequent insulin treatment were hallmarks of pathogenic variant carriers. Treatment changes following genetic diagnosis have been made in several patients. Conclusions: Our data from patients in several Mediterranean countries highlight a broad clinical and genetic spectrum of diabetes, showing the relevance of wide genetic testing for personalized care of early-onset diabetes. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

Objective: to provide evidence based clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and therapy of the acute stage of ischemic cerebrovascular accident in EsSalud. Materials and methods: a group for producing the guideline was conveyed, including specialized physicians and methodologists. The group prepared 8 clinical questions to be answered by the guideline. Systematic searches of previous reviews were performed, and – when it was deemed necessary – primary studies in Medline and the Cochrane Controlled Registry of Trials for 2018 were reviewed. Evidence was selected aiming to respond each one of the proposed clinical questions. Certainty of the evidence was determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic work sessions, the group used GRADE methodology for reviewing the evidence and generated recommendations, good clinical practice items, and designed flow charts for both diagnosis and therapy. Finally, the guide was approved with the decree N° 128-IETSI-ESSALUD-2019. Results: this clinical practice guideline focused in 8 clinical questions, which were divided into four topics: screening, diagnosis, therapy, support and rehabilitation. On the basis of these questions, 28 recommendations were formulated (8 strong and 20 conditional), 38 items for good clinical practice, 1 implementation note, and 2 flow charts. Conclusion: this paper summarizes both evidence based methodology and conclusions from a new clinical practice guide for diagnosis and therapy of the acute stage of a cerebrovascular accident in EsSalud.

International audience; This article presents the design and development of an event-triggered control strategy to solve the problem of leader-following consensus and formation problem for a group of UAVs carrying a suspended load individually. In this work, the vehicles exchange information through a network, which is represented by a directed and strongly connected graph. Then, employing a decentralized control law, each UAV decides when it has to send a new value to its neighbors. The stability of the complete system is carried out, and numerical results show the advantages wrt information exchange between UAVs, as well as excellent performance in the angular stabilization and the minimum swing for the suspended load.

Objectives The use of chest physiotherapy (CP) has not, to date, been shown to be effective in the care of infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis. However, it has not yet been studied in outpatient settings. The aim of our study was to examine the short-term benefit of CP with the increased exhalation technique (IET) on the respiratory conditions of nonhospitalized infants. Methods Our research consisted of a multicenter, randomized, controlled, single-blind study of infants under 1 year old. A decrease in the severity score of the infants' respiratory condition was compared between two groups: one receiving CP and one without CP. Eighty-two infants were randomized: 41 in the CP group and 41 in the control group. Blinded assessors determined the Wang Clinical Severity Score at inclusion (T0) and 30 minutes later (T1) for each group. Results Improvement in the severity score was observed for 29 infants (70.7%) in the group receiving CP, compared with 4 infants (9.76%) in the control group (p Conclusion For outpatient care of infants with bronchiolitis, the results of this study suggest that CP with IET leads to a short-term improvement of mucus airway obstruction parameters.

Boalemo's waters contain a variety of marine fish that have high economic value such as tuna, fish and mouse grouper. Realizing the potential of fishery owned, Fish Auction Place (TPI) which organizes fish sale with auction system is a place where Boalemo fishermen sell their fish catch.The purpose of this study is to determine the general condition of women in households of fishermen who work at Tilamuta Fishing Place (TPI), Boalemo Regency and what are the roles of women in the household economy of fishermen who are active in the Fish Auction Site (TPI) Tilamuta, Kabupaten Boalemo.The method used in this study used census method. Technique of data collecting is done by observation, interview, and literature study.From the result of the research, most of the respondents have elementary school (SD) education as many as 14 people (70%), productive age of respondent (15-45 years) as many as 18 people (90%) and 4 families %). The role of hunting women fishermen to meet the needs of family life consists of: Domestic role; 1) cooking, respondents doing cooking activities between 2-3 times in one day; 2) Washing clothes, respondents generally wash clothes 2 to 3 times and washed clothes are all family members; 3) Cleaning and tidying the house, in one day only done between 2 to 3 times; 4) Taking care of the children, respondents no longer prepare children's clothes and no longer deliver to school because the distance of school from home is close enough; 5) Helping the husband, the respondent to prepare the equipment to go to husband husband, market the catch of husband. Social Role: 1) Majelis Ta'lim, attending meetings 1-2 times a month, benefiting respondents; 2) Arisan, respondents do lott arisan 2 - 3 times a month, used to cover household needs; 3) Dasawisma and PKK, respondents have attended the meeting; 4) Kube, respondents have participated about 3 years, the result is used for family expenditure.Productive Role: 1) Laborers, who work as laborers 3 to 4 days a week, earned wages ranging from Rp500,000 - Rp1,000,000; 2) Private employees / civil servants, there is 1 person (5%) with gajin only about> Rp1.000.000, -; 3) washcloth, there are 3 people (15%) about Rp1.000.000,-; 3) Tukas cuci, terdapat 3 orang (15%) sekitar

The muographic imaging of volcanoes relies on the measured transmittance of the atmospheric muon flux through the target. An important bias affecting the result comes from background contamination mimicking a higher transmittance. The MU-RAY and TOMUVOL collaborations measured independently in 2013 the atmospheric muon flux transmitted through the Puy de Dome volcano using their early prototype detectors, based on plastic scintillators and on Glass Resistive Plate Chambers, respectively. These detectors had three (MU-RAY) or four (TOMUVOL) detection layers of 1 m2 each, tens (MU-RAY) or hundreds (TOMUVOL) of nanosecond time resolution, a few millimeter position resolution, an energy threshold of few hundreds MeV, and no particle identification capabilities. The prototypes were deployed about 1.3 km away from the summit, where they measured, behind rock depths larger than 1000 m, remnant fluxes of 1.83±0.50(syst)±0.07(stat) m−2 d−1 deg−2 (MU-RAY) and 1.95±0.16(syst)±0.05(stat) m−2 d−1 deg−2 (TOMUVOL), that roughly correspond to the expected flux of high-energy atmospheric muons crossing 600 meters water equivalent (mwe) at 18° elevation. This implies that imaging depths larger than 500 mwe from 1 km away using such prototype detectors suffer from an overwhelming background. These measurements confirm that a new generation of detectors with higher momentum threshold, time-of-flight measurement, and/or particle identification is needed. The MU-RAY and TOMUVOL collaborations expect shortly to operate improved detectors, suitable for a robust muographic imaging of kilometer-scale volcanoes.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran, kegiatan ekonomi produktif dan kegiatan sosial wanita dalam keluarga nelayan di Kelurahan Tumumpa II Kecamatan Tuminting Kota Manado. Peran wanita dalam meningkatkan perekonomian keluarga nelayan di Kelurahan Tumumpa II Kota Manado sangatlah nyata. Baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung wanita nelayan atau istri nelayan di Kelurahan Tumumpa II telah ikut andil dalam menopang perekonomian keluarga. Peran istri dalam menopang ekonomi keluarga adalah 88,6% dari wanita responden dengan berbagai macam usaha sedangkan ada sekitaran 11,4 % dari wanita responden yang memilih untuk tidak bekerja tetapi mengurus dan mengolah pendapatan keluarga saja. Istri nelayan yang ada di Kelurahan Tumumpa II juga masih aktif dalam kegiatan-kegiatan sosial kemasyarakatan berupa pelatihan keterampilan ataupun penyuluhan-penyuluhan yang diadakan oleh ibu-ibu PKK di Kelurahan Tumumpa II, arisan, rukun ibadah dan pengajian ibu-ibu.Kata kunci: Peranan Wanita, Perekonomian dan Keluarga Nelayan.

Sektor kelautan dan perikanan memiliki potensi besar sebagai sektor unggulan dan penggerak utama pembangunan perekonomian daerah menuju Sulawesi Utara yang maju, mandiri dan sejahtera. Hal ini disebabkan karena sektor ini memiliki keunggulan komparatif dibanding sektor lainnya berupa ketersediaan sumberdaya alam yang sangat besar dan mempunyai potensi ekonomi yang luar biasa, yang mampu menghasilkan produk dan jasa dengan daya saing tinggi, sepanjang dapat mengelolanya dengan tepat. Menurut Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP), ketersediaan sumberdaya alam yang ada di daratan semakin terbatas, khususnya yang berbasiskan lahan, sejalan dengan bertambahnya penduduk dan berkembangnya kegiatan ekonomi sebagai dampak dari pelaksanaan pembangunan. Tujuan penelitin untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengambilan keputusan dari persediaan es balok dan untuk mengidentifikasi hal apa saja yang mepengaruhi keputusan persediaan es balok di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Tumumpa Kota Manado. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode survei dan metode partisipatif. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder serta analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Pelabuhan perikanan adalah pelabuhan khusus yang dipergunakan sebagai pangkalan kegiatan penangkapan ikan dan dilengkapi dengan berbagai fasilitas sejak ikan didaratkan sampai didistribusikan. Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) terletak di Kelurahan Tumumpa II Kecamatan Tuminting Kota Manado mempunyai letak geografis 1°31’21” LU dan 124°50’28” BT, dengan jarak lokasi dari pusat kota kurang lebih 7 km. Lokasi seluas 4 (empat) Ha di bangun sejak tahun 1993 yang di kenal dengan nama Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) dengan dana bantuan luar negeri (BLN-OECF INP-22) untuk kegiatan awal seperti survei, penahan tanah dan pengerukan. Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Tumumpa merupakan salah satu fasilitas penunjang yang di sediakan unit pelaksana teknis dinas (UPTD) balai pengembangan dan pembinaan penangkapan ikan (BP3I), berdasarkan surat keputusan peraturan daerah (PERDA) Provinsi Sulawesi Utara Nomor 3 Tahun 2008 tentang organisasi dan tata kerja Dinas Kelauan dan Perikanan dipimpin oleh seorang kepala balai yang dalam pelaksanaan tugasnya bertanggung jawab kepada Kepala Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Dalam kegiatan penjualan es balok, pabrik es balok yang ada di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Tumumpa hanya dapat menjual es per balok di karenakan belum mempunyai mesin penghancur es, es balok yang akan di jual kepada nelayan dengan berukuran 80 kg per balok dan dijual seharga Rp 23.000,-/balok. Kata Kunci : es balok, pengambilan keputusan, metode survey

International audience; This paper presents the development of a collaborative event-based control applied to the problem of formation of a group of VTOL-UAVs (Vertical Takeoff and Landing, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles). Each VTOL-UAV decides, based on the difference of its current state (linear position and velocity) and its latest broadcast state, when it has to send a new value to its neighbours. The asymptotic convergence to average consensus or desired formation is depicted via a real-time implementation.

Background The peritoneal cancer index (PCI) is a comparative prognostic factor for colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM). The ability of laparoscopy to determine the PCI in consideration of cytoreductive surgery remains undetermined, and this study was designed to compare it with laparotomy. Methods A prospective multicentre study was conducted for patients with no known CRPM, but at risk of peritoneal disease. Surgery began with laparoscopic exploration followed by open exploration to determine the PCI. Concordance between laparoscopic and open assessment was evaluated for the diagnosis of CRPM and for the PCI. Results Among 50 patients evaluated, CRPM recurrence was found in 29 (58 per cent) and 34 (68 per cent) at laparoscopic and open surgery respectively. Laparoscopy was feasible in 88 per cent (44 of 50) and deemed satisfactory by the surgeon in 52 per cent (26 of 50). Among the 25 evaluable patients with satisfactory laparoscopy, there was concordance of 96 per cent (24 of 25 patients) and 38 per cent (10 of 25) for laparoscopic and open assessment of CRPM and the PCI respectively. Where there were discrepancies, it was laparoscopy that underestimated the PCI. Conclusion Laparoscopy may underestimate the extent of CRPM.

KKP telah menetapkan antara lain menerapkan prinsip-prinsip pengelolaan sumberdaya kelautan dan perikanan yang bertanggung jawab, berdaya saing, dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu langkah operasional yang perlu dilakukan adalah mengembangkan budidaya rumput laut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi agrobisnis budidaya rumput laut di Desa Buku Utara Kecamatan Belang Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus, dengan cara mempelajari/mendalami suatu kasus tertentu dengan mengumpulkan beragam sumber informasi (Raco, 2010). Data dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data hasil penelitian dibedakan dalam dua macam, yaitu analisis kuantitatif dan analisis kualitatif (Fathoni, 2006). Hasil penelitian bahwa rumput laut jenis Eucheuma cottonii yang dibudidayakan, secara geografis perairan memiliki tingkat keterlindungan arus yang baik dan tingkat kadar garam bagus. Penggunaan metode rawai (long line) yang paling baik, karena dasar perairan yang tidak cocok dengan metode lain. Penyediaan benih sudah dipisahkan ± 500 kg bibit dalam satu kali penanaman, untuk penanaman sampai pemanenan rumput laut yaitu 45 hari, sedangkan pemasaran dari Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi membeli langsung di lokasi pembudidaya rumput laut. Keuntungan yang diperoleh dari usaha budidaya rumput yaitu Operation Profit (OP) = Rp 106.160.000,- dan Keuntungan π = Rp 101.688.000,-, dengan jangka waktu pengembalian kuarang lebih 3 tahun 4 bulan.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses budidaya udang vaname dan untuk mengetahui analisis finansial dari usaha budidaya udang vaname di Balai Pelatihan dan Penyuluhan Perikanan (BPPP) Aertembaga Kota Bitung Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Stake (2006) mengatakan studi kasus sebagai metode penelitian yang memiliki tujuan penting dalam meneliti dan mengungkap keunikan serta kekhasan karakteristik yang terdapat dalam kasus yang diteliti, dimana kasus tersebut menjadi penyebab mengapa penelitian dilakukan. Proses budidaya udang vaname terdiri dari beberapa tahap yakni penjemuran kolam, pencucian kolam, pemberian kaporit, pemberian probiotik, proses pemeliharaan, pemberian pakan, panen, dan penanganan pasca panen. Harga udang vaname di BPPP Aertembaga yaitu Rp. 75.000 / Kg dengan hasil udang yang di panen sebanyak 800 kg. Total keuntungan dari usaha budidaya udang vaname dalam 1 periode sebesar Rp.120.000.000. Total cost selama 1 periode sebesar Rp. 65.448.000 dan Total keuntungan / Net Profit sebesar Rp. 65.448.000. Sehingga Profit Rate atau tingkat keuntungan yang diperoleh sebesar 83,35% dan Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) adalah 1,83 dengan jangka waktu pengembalian 1,7 tahun. BEP Penjualan menunjukkan bahwa titik impas dari usaha budidaya udang vaname di BPPP Aertembaga adalah Rp. 17.745.461 dan BEP satuan yang didapat yaitu 236,60 kg. Berdasarkan hasil analisis finansialnya ternyata usaha budidaya udang vaname di BPPP Aertembaga layak untuk dikembangkan.

This study aims to review knowing the state of the District Sales Manager village Sinuian Remboken And find out if the fish farming in net cages step feasible OR feasible for the review run. The basic method basis Of Research Singer Namely Studies CASE, data retrieval is done Operates census where respondents Its taken is 100% of a population of Fishermen fish of tilapia in the village Sinuian, data collected is data primary data the collected with how to observe and secondary data in the form evidence, notes OR statements of historical Yang has arranged hearts archives for review analyzing fish farming with analysis methods operating profit data such as net income, the rate of profit, benefit cost ratio, profitability, break-even point, the payback period, net present value, internal rate and returns. Based on the analysis in the financial, fish farming in net cages step in the Village Sinuian eligible to run because the value of a positive operating profit, profit rate of fish farming reached 57.23%, 92.22% profitability, the value of the benefit cost ratio> 1 namely 1.57; BEP or break-even point is BEP sales of Rp. 24,562,016 and BEP 982.48kg unit further investment return rate of tilapia fish farming are 1 year 1 month, with a 92.09% IRR, NPV 329,059,572.14. Keywords : cage nets step, financial analysis, tilapia Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui keadaan umum Desa Sinuian Kecamatan Remboken dan mengetahui apakah usaha budidaya ikan di karamba jaring tancap layak atau tidak layak untuk dijalankan. Metode dasar dari penelitian ini yaitu studi kasus, pengambilan data dilakukan secara sensus dimana responden yang diambil adalah 100% dari populasi nelayan pembudidaya ikan nila di Desa Sinuian, data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer yaitu data yang terkumpul dengan cara observasi dan data sekunder berupa bukti, catatan atau laporan historis yang telah tersusun dalam arsip untuk menganalisis usaha budidaya ikan dengan metode analisis data seperti operating profit, net profit, profit rate, benefit cost ratio, rentabilitas, break event point, payback period, net present value, dan internal rate of return. Berdasarkan hasil analisis secara finansial, usaha budidaya ikan di karamba jaring tancap di Desa Sinuian layak untuk dijalankan karena nilai operating profit positif, profit rate dari usaha budidaya ikan ini mencapai 57,23%, rentabilitas 92,22%, nilai benefit cost ratio >1 yaitu 1,57; BEP atau titik impas yaitu BEP penjualan Rp. 24,562,016dan BEP satuan 982.48kg selanjutnya tingkat pengembalian investasi dari usaha budidaya ikan nila ini adalah 1 tahun 1 bulan, dengan IRR 92,09%, NPV 329,059,572.14. Kata Kunci : Karamba jaring tancap, analisis finansial, ikan nila

International audience; This paper presents the development of a collaborative event-based control applied to the problem of consensus and formation of a group of VTOL-UAVs (Vertical Takeoff and Landing, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles). Each VTOL-UAV decides, based on the difference of its current state (linear position and velocity) and its latest broadcast state, when it has to send a new value to its neighbors. The asymptotic convergence to average consensus or desired formation is depicted via numerical simulations.

The objectives of this research were to study marketing management fish Black Marlin (Makaira indica) and marketing channels that are in the market Bersehati Manado City as well as to learn how to minimize the risk due to the nature of fishery products, especially fish Black Marlin (Makaira indica) is perishable. From the results of research in the field, it appears that the marketing management of fish Marlin in Pasar Bersehati had good views of the marketing department, storage and production of Marlin fish which is increasing every month. Marlin fish catches come from other areas, namely, Sanger, Talaud, Ternate, Manado Tua, Likupang, Aer Copper Bitung, and Nain Island. Marketing of fishery products, especially fish Black Marlin (Makaira indica) have a substantial risk of one of them caused by the fish is perishabel or nonperishable. To overcome the decay required proper storage and careful where trader’s owner uses dry storage techniques by providing a small hole under the cool box so that water is not stagnant during the storage process is done. Keyword : black marlin, marketing chain, trader’s Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari manajemen pemasaran ikan Marlin Hitam (Makaira indica) dan saluran pemasaran yang berada di Pasar Bersehati Kota Manado serta untuk mempelajari bagaimana cara memperkecil resiko karena sifat produk hasil perikanan terutama ikan Marlin Hitam (Makaira indica) ini yang mudah busuk. Dari hasil penelitian di lapangan, terlihat bahwa manajemen pemasaran ikan Marlin yang ada di Pasar Bersehati sudah baik dilihat dari bagian pemasaran, penyimpanan dan produksi ikan Marlin yang setiap bulannya semakin meningkat. Hasil tangkapan ikan marlin berasal dari berbagai wilayah lain yaitu, Sanger, Talaud, Ternate, Manado Tua, Likupang, Aer Tembaga Bitung, dan Pulau Nain. Pemasaran hasil perikanan khususnya ikan Marlin Hitam ( Makaira indica ) mempunyai resiko yang cukup besar salah satunya disebabkan oleh ikan bersifat perishabel atau mudah busuk. Untuk mengatasi pembusukan tersebut diperlukan penyimpanan yang tepat dan cermat dimana pedagang pemilik menggunakan penyimpanan teknik kering dengan memberikan lubang kecil dibawah cool box agar air tidak tergenang selama proses penyimpanan dilakukan. Kata kunci: marlin hitam, saluran pemasaran, pedagang

The possible correlation between Hammett’s constant (σp), a characteristic parameter of functional groups with electrodonating or electroaccepting properties, and two indices of global reactivity were calculated in the gas phase. Parameters associated to a set of 22 structural variants of isatoic anhydride (2H–3, 1–benzoxazin–2,4(1H)–dione, ISA), replaced with diverse functional groups, were explored applying linear and quadratic statistical models for numerical analysis of the results.

In almost 30 years of operation, the Very Large Array (VLA) has proved to be a remarkably flexible and productive radio telescope. However, the basic capabilities of the VLA have changed little since it was designed. A major expansion utilizing modern technology is currently underway to improve the capabilities of the VLA by at least an order of magnitude in both sensitivity and in frequency coverage. The primary elements of the Expanded Very Large Array (EVLA) project include new or upgraded receivers for continuous frequency coverage from 1 to 50 GHz, new local oscillator, intermediate frequency, and wide bandwidth data transmission systems to carry signals with 16 GHz total bandwidth from each antenna, and a new digital correlator with the capability to process this bandwidth with an unprecedented number of frequency channels for an imaging array. Also included are a new monitor and control system and new software that will provide telescope ease of use. Scheduled for completion in 2012, the EVLA will provide the world research community with a flexible, powerful, general-purpose telescope to address current and future astronomical issues., Added journal reference: published in Proceedings of the IEEE, Special Issue on Advances in Radio Astronomy, August 2009, vol. 97, No. 8, 1448-1462 Six figures, one table

A selective on-column molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) for ethynylestradiol (EE2) from water samples was developed. Following a non-covalent molecular imprinting approach, two molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been synthesised using methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer, ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as crosslinker and EE2 as template, in two different polymerisation solvents (acetonitrile or toluene). The optimisation of the on-column MISPE conditions for the selective rebinding of the EE2 resulted in a flow rate of 2.3 mL min(-1) and volumes of 1 mL toluene and 1.5 mL methanol-acetic acid (9:1) for washing and elution steps, respectively. The selectivity of the imprinted polymer towards several related estrogens such as estriol (E3), estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) was evaluated. The recovery of EE2 from a 50-mL spiked river-water sample was 75% when the optimised on-column MISPE was applied.

Summary Background Progress in therapy and the ageing patients hospitalized with heart failure may have impacted the characteristics of this patients. Aims We compared epidemiological data of patients admitted with heart failure during two periods separated by a 10 year interval. Methods Characteristics of 353 heart failure patients recruited between 2002 and 2004 with those of 304 heart failure patients recruited between 1992 and 1994 were compared retrospectively. Results There is now a majority of male patients (56.4%) not found ten years ago. The average age is unchanged (75.1±11 then 76.4±11 years) even though the proportion of patients aged over 70 years has increased (75% versus 70%). Hospital length of stay has fallen from 14±9 to 10±7 days. Hospital mortality (8%) are identical. The two main etiologies remain coronary and hypertensive heart disease at 29 and 24% respectively but these proportions are lower than ten years ago (42 and 28% respectively). The ejection fraction is more often preserved (56%) than before (44%). Increased prescription of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and beta-blockers is confirmed. Post-hospital and total mortality has fallen by 50 and 30% from 30 to 16% and 35 to 24% respectively at the expense of a 25% increase in the frequency of hospital readmissions from 29 to 38%. Conclusion Even if mortality has declined, heart failure remains a major public health burden with a significant number of hospital readmissions. Other approaches such as therapeutic education must therefore be developed.

International audience; Introduction Simulation as a method for practical teaching of surgical residents requires objective evaluation in order to measure the student's acquisition of knowledge and skills. The objectives of this article are to publish our evaluation and validation grids and also the measure of student satisfaction. Method A teaching platform based on practical exercises with a porcine model was created in 2009 at seven French University Hospitals. Three times a year, 31 Diplôme d’Études Spécialisées Complémentaires (DESC) surgical residents underwent timed assessment of the performance of five surgical tasks: trocar insertion (trocars) testing the convergence of instruments (convergence), intra-corporeal knot tying (knots), running of the small intestine to find a lesion (exploration), and performance of a running suture closure of the peritoneum (closure). Two experts evaluated performances prospectively on grid score sheets specifically designed and validated for these exercises. We measured time, scores on a rating scale, and the interest and satisfaction of the residents. Results Data for 31 residents between May 2011 and March 2012 were analyzed. Rating scales were statistically validated and correlated (Kappa correlation coefficient K > 0.69) for each task. The performance times of the most experienced residents decreased significantly for all tasks except for small bowel exploration (P = 0.2). After four sessions, times were significantly improved with better quality (fewer errors and higher average scores [> 88%]), regardless of the residents’ experience. Of the participants, 92% were satisfied, 86% thought that the sessions improved their technical skills and 74% thought it had a favorable impact on their clinical practice. Conclusion This study shows that the performance of surgical techniques can be improved through simulation, that HUFEG grids are valid, and that this teaching program is popular with surgical residents

International audience; This paper proposes a simple solution for stabilization of a nano-hexacopter carrying a manipulator arm in order to increase the type of missions achievable by these types of systems. The manipulator arm is attached to the lower part of the hexacopter. The motion of the arm induces a change of the center of mass of the whole body, which induces torques which can produce the loss of stability. The present work deals with the stabilization of the whole system-that is hexacopter and arm-by means of a set of nonlinear control laws. First, an attitude control, stabilizes the hexacopter to a desired attitude taking into account the movement of the arm. Then, a suitable virtual control and the translational dynamics allow the formulation of a nonlinear controller, which drives the aerial vehicle to a desired position. Both controls consist in saturation functions. Experimental results validate the proposed control strategy and compares the results when the motion of the arm is taken into account or not.

International audience; In this paper, a discrete state feedback Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) for event-triggered control is presented. To ensure zero steady state error in the case of such controllers, one normally extends the states with an integral action. Instead of using integral action, the idea is to estimate the disturbance causing the steady state error and use this to extend the states. A Lyapunov-based event triggering function is proposed. Practical results using a gyroscope actuator are presented and compared to a classical time-triggered controller. The obtained results demonstrate the simplicity and efficiency of the proposed approach.

[EN] The current socioeconomic conditions require highly educated professional with new curricula requirements and new skills, professionals with initiative and abilities able to be adapted to different situations and contexts. Consequently, the university education system must ensure that students achieve competences that involve the combination of knowledge, attitudes and values that enable a qualified person to undertake the resolution of problems or able to evolve in a new professional or social context. To achieve this goal, universities must find and use the most suitable tools to adapt and create higher education programs to respond to the needs of today’s society, tuning academic and professional profiles. On the other hand, there is a significant growth of enrolling students in distance education universities and several distance education programs are available in most universities. Thus, the aim of this communication is to share the results obtained during the development of a teaching innovation project, which assessed interdisciplinary, specific and transversal competences, by means of a post-task objective test, in the Chemistry undergraduate studies at the National University of Distance Education, (UNED) of Spain. The results of this study have allowed to the professors board to analyse and assess the competences acquired by the students, pointing out the main deficiencies to be solved by re-designing the teaching activities and methodologies to ensure a complete success.

International audience; This paper presents the development of a quaternion-based nonlinear event-triggered control for the attitude stabilization of Flying robots. Firstly, it is proved the existence of a Control Lyapunov Function. Unlike some previously proposed schemes, the aim of this paper is to propose a new and simpler event function. The control law ensures the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system to the desired attitude. The approach is validated in real-time using a quadrotor mini-helicopter. The experiments show that the event driven controller reduces the control update without deteriorating the closed-loop system performance.

Through a high-resolution spectroscopic survey, we analyze the velocity field of 16 planetary nebulae with (WC)- or wels-type nuclei in comparison with 8 nebulae having other central star types. We found spectral evidence for finite turbulent velocities in (WC)-type planetary nebulae superimposed on an essentially constant expansion velocity pattern. The nebulae around O-type stars show no evidences for significant turbulence while their expansion velocity is found to increase outwards. Both types of nebulae show the same mean expansion velocity. Our results support the earlier suggestions that nebulae surrounding (WC) central stars are likely related to long-lasting momentum-driven phase bubbles. Turbulence in the nebulae can be either triggered, or enhanced, by stellar wind inhomogeneities that appear ubiquitous in Wolf-Rayet nuclei.

In the vicinity of the southern hemisphere giant H II region NGC 3603 we discovered a new planetary nebula: PN G291.4-00.3 located at RA J2000.0 = 11h14m32$.^{\rm s}$1 ± 0$.^{\rm s}$3, DEC J2000.0 = -61°00′02″ ± 1″. Monochromatic images reveal a central ring-like structure accompanied by onsets of arc-like filaments which might outline a bipolar outflow. Analysis of the nebula spectrum shows that helium and nitrogen are enriched, while oxygen, sulphur and argon abundances seem to be solar. The central star must be hot (above 100 kK) and having a luminosity of more than 3000 $L_{\odot}$. All evidence shows that PN G291.4-00.3 is a high-excitation, density bounded planetary nebula of the type I, coming from the high-mass end of the intermediate mass stars.

ζ-Potentials of titania particles in aqueous suspensions containing up to 1.2 mol dm −3 1-1 electrolyte are reported. At sufficiently high concentrations of supporting inert electrolytes (>0.1 mol dm −3 ), the isoelectric point (i.e.p.) of titania shifts toward higher pH values. At even higher ionic strength the ζ-potential of the titania particles are positive even at pH>10 (no i.e.p.). The lowest concentration at which such an effect is observed ranges from 0.5 mol dm −3 for NaI to 0.9 mol dm −3 for NaNO 3 and over 0.9 mol dm −3 for NaCl. In mixed solvents, e.g. 30% methanol-70% water, similar effects are observed at substantially lower ionic strengths than in purely aqueous systems. The acidic branch of the ζ (pH) curves is much less sensitive than the alkaline branch to the electrolyte concentration in aqueous and mixed solvent systems. The effect of the supporting electrolyte is evaluated experimentally and discussed in relation to recently published results on the properties of suspensions of relatively high solids fraction.

We present a compilation of radial velocities of 867 galactic planetary nebulae. Almost 900 new measurements are included. Previously published kinematical data are compared with the new high-resolution data to assess their accuracies. One of the largest samples in the literature shows evidence for a systematic velocity offset. We calculate weighted averages between all available data. Of the final values in the catalogue, 90% have accuracies better than 20 km s -1 . We use this compilation to derive kinematical parameters of the galactic differential rotation obtained from least-square fitting and to establish the Disk rotation curve; we find no significal trend for the presence of an increasing external rotation curve. We examine also the rotation of the bulge; the derived curve is consistent with a linearly increasing rotation velocity with l : we find km s -1 . A possible steeper gradient in the innermost region is indicated.

At the current epoch, the dynamics of galactic systems is largely controlled by the behaviour of the stellar component. There is probably also a large amount of non-stellar matter present, which probably dominates the dynamics on large scales. Nevertheless, the (centers of) galaxies are still, for better or worse, defined as those regions were there happens to be a lot of stellar light.

International audience; Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are usually monitored by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on triple quadrupole instruments. Although not yet widely implemented in the field, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) today appears as a valuable alternative for these halogenated chemicals due to their significant mass defect. Indeed, this second approach offers a way to cope with particular matrix effects caused by co-eluting and isobaric interferences affecting the measurement of some PFCs in fish. The present study has compared three different LC-MS related instruments and various signal acquisition modes, from low resolution full scan and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode on triple quadrupole (QqQ) instrument to high resolution full scan or product ion scan mode on orbital trap (LTQ-Orbitrap) or quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) devices. Performances have been compared for 7 model compounds belonging to 7 PFCs sub-classes (perfluoralkylsulfonate, perfluoroalkylcarboxylate, perfluoroalkylsulfinate, perfluoroalkyl-sulfonamide, fluorotelomer saturated acid, fluorotelomer unsaturated acid and perfluoroalkylphosphonic acid). Low resolution MS/MS was found to be unsurprisingly reliable for extended multiresidues monitoring. However, the high stability of PFCs leads to a relatively poor and non-specific fragmentation pathway in MS/MS. In addition, biliary acid interfering compounds (e.g. taurochenodeoxycholic acid), that where encountered in the present case in fish samples but that may be present in other biological samples, were found particularly disturbing in low resolution MS/MS. Indeed, these interferences presented the same retention time and diagnostic signals as PFOS, leading to a possible overestimation of the PFOS quantification in LC-MS/MS. On the other hand, high resolution MS and MS/MS (LTQ-Orbitrap and Q-TOF) provided better results in terms of signal specificity and sensitivity. For instance, the estimated limits of detection (LOD) reached for PFOS on QqQ, Q-TOF and LTQ-Orbitrap instruments were 3.8, 0.7 and 0.5 pg injected, respectively.

International audience; Tandem mass spectrometry is a powerful analytical technique for distinguishing phosphorylated from non-phosphorylated peptides, and also to locate the phosphorylated site. It is however desirable to further extend the tandem MS capacities via the development of structure specific activation techniques. This work is part of an ongoing project which aims at characterizing the environment of the phosphate group using tunable IRMPD. The effect of microsolvation of protonated phospho-tyrosine on the phosphate environment has been investigated using a combination of tandem MS experiments and quantum chemical calculations. Infrared spectra have been recorded in the 900-1900 cm(-1) and 2500-3750 cm(-1) regions using a free electron laser and a tabletop laser, respectively. Water is found to form a hydrogen bonded bridge between the otherwise nearly isolated phosphate and ammonium groups. Theoretical and experimental results also provide consistent evidences for two weaker hydrogen bonds between the two other NH bonds with the pi-aromatic ring and the carboxylic CO. The MP2 calculated IR absorption spectrum of the lowest energy structure allows for a clear band assignment. As compared to intramolecular direct interaction between the phosphate and the ammonium, the two hydrogen bonds associated with the water bridge between these groups are found to have a larger impact on their IR structure-specific probes. This is reflected by the red-shift of the P=O stretch, and also the blue shift of the umbrella mode of the ammonium. Special attention is paid to the 2500-3750 cm(-1) spectral range. While the phosphate OH stretching modes are not affected by the addition of water, the red shifts of the three ammonium NH stretches are found to be significant and quite different for their three types of non-covalent interactions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

During a ten month period, 117 fibreoptic bronchoscopies and bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were performed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients suspected of having opportunistic pulmonary infections. The BAL were classified into 3 groups, according to clinical manifestations related to HIV infection at the time of fibreoptic bronchoscopy: pre-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (n = 54), AIDS with Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 37), AIDS without Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 26). On chest X-ray, diffuse infiltrates were most common (54%), followed by normal X-rays (24%) and localized infiltrates (18%). Amongst the 117 BAL, 68 (58%) yielded at least one opportunistic agent. In 28 BAL performed for pulmonary signs or unexplained fever with normal chest X-rays, one or several opportunistic agents were isolated in 17 samples of BAL fluid. The most frequently identified opportunistic agents were Pneumocystis carinii (in 38% of BAL) and cytomegalovirus (35%); these were associated in 17% of BAL. There was no statistically significant difference in opportunistic agents among the 3 groups of BAL (pre-AIDS, AIDS with Kaposi's sarcoma, AIDS without Kaposi's sarcoma). In particular, cytomegalovirus was found in BAL with the same frequency in these 3 groups.

The estrogenic compound diethylstilbestrol (DES) is widely studied because of its potential endocrine disruption effects. The prohibition of the use of diethylstilbestrol as a growth promoter has not been enough to ensure the total disappearance of this compound from environmental matrices. Due to the low levels of DES present in the environment, preconcentration and clean up methods are necessary for its analysis. This paper describes the synthesis and use of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as sorbent for on-column solid-phase extraction of DES from aqueous samples. The selectivity of the DES-MIP was evaluated towards several selected estrogens such as hexestrol (HEX), estrone (E1), estriol (E3), estradiol (E2) and ethynylestradiol (EE2). HPLC-DAD was used to quantify all analytes at 230-nm wavelength. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of DES in spiked river and tap water samples, with recoveries of 72% and 83% respectively.

International audience; The operation of civil engineering structures subjected to thermal and mechanical loading has led the CEA to examine temperature-dependent variations in the concrete properties and the processes affecting the durability of these structures. A new approach has been undertaken to specify the thermal, hydric and mechanical history of these structures. This technical approach is based on three areas of research: material characterization, modelling to identify weaknesses in the structure and validation by experimental tests on heavily instrumented structures subjected to representative loads. The procedure adopted for long-term interim storage facilities can also be applied to other domains.

International audience; Sphinganine concentration (Sa) and sphinganine to sphingosine ratio (Sa/So) are sensitive biomarkers of fumonisin B1 (FB1) exposure in animals and have been proposed to reveal FB1 exposure in humans. They correlate with liver and kidney toxicity and often precede signs of toxicity. However, the use of Sa and Sa/So is confusing during chronic exposure. Indeed, some authors report altered sphingolipids metabolism, whereas others fail to demonstrate significant effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of Sa and Sa/So in the serum of ducks over a 77-day exposure to 0, 2, 8, 32 and 128 mg FB1/kg feeds. Serum biochemistry was also investigated to reveal hepatotoxicity. The results obtained indicate that the kinetics of sphingolipids and serum biochemistry are closely linked with the duration of the exposure. After a strong and rapid increase Sa and Sa/So decrease then stabilize. The lowest investigated dose able to determine a detectable effect is 2 mg/kg feeds, the Sa/So ratio being the most sensitive biomarker of FB1 exposure.

Students develop mathematical power when they are able to acknowledge, use, and assess the mathematics they encounter in their daily lives. An awareness of mathematics in the world in which one lives provides opportunities for building confidence, enhancing self-esteem, and stimulating creativity.

Replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus in infected pig epithelium has been studied by immunofluorescence labeling of the viral nonstructural protein 3ABC and confocal microscopy. The results were correlated with viral RNA copy numbers in tissue samples from adjacent sites determined by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Lesion formation was seen in the tongues and coronary band epithelia of infected pigs 2 days after infection. Viral replication was observed in cells of the epithelium of the tongue and coronary band but not in the associated stromal cells. Infected epithelial cells were present in the stratum spinosum, away from the lesion, with small lesions formed above the basement membrane. Viral replication was markedly reduced in tongue epithelium by day 3 postinfection but remained apparent in the coronary band tissue up to 5 days postinfection. These results were confirmed by the RNA copy number determined by RT-PCR.