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The purpose of the present thesis is to assess the determinants of the Portuguese bank’s capital ratio and risk level. To do so, and based on previous papers developed by Shrieves & Dahl (1992), Rime (2001) e Heid (2004), we estimate a simultaneous equations model with partial adjustments for capital and risk. The observed changes in capital and risk are a product of discretionary behaviour of the banks and exogenous shocks. By building a panel-data of the Portuguese banks between 2008 and 2019, we examine though the Arellano Bond estimator and the 3SLS estimator the factors contributing to the bank’s capital and risk levels. Our main results indicate that the banks’ size has a significant impact on both capital and risk level. Moreover, the regulatory pressure has an expected positive impact when determining the banks’ capital ratio, in-line with the buffer theory meaning banks with a low buffer tend to raise their capital levels and banks with a higher capital buffer tend to maintain it to avoid breaching regulation and facing sanctions from regulatory authorizes. From 2017 to 2019 there is a significant increase in capital levels transversal to all banks, that may be related to the final implementation of Basel III Accord combined with a positive economic climate. We also are able to say that capital levels adjust very quickly with regard to capital levels from the previous period, however risk does not. A presente tese tem como objetivo identificar os fatores determinantes nos níveis de risco e capital dos bancos portugueses. Com base em literatura previa desenvolvida por Shrieves & Dahl (1992), Rime (2001) e Heid (2004), estimamos um modelo de equações simultâneas com ajustes parciais para o capital e o risco. As variações do capital e risco são um resultado do comportamento interno dos bancos e de choques exógenos. Com base nos dados de painel dos bancos portugueses de 2008 a 2019, analisamos através do estimador de Arelleno Bond e de 3SLS que fatores contribuem para os níveis de capital e risco dos bancos. Os resultados indicam-nos que a dimensão do banco tem um impacto significativo no capital e no risco. Também a pressão exercida pelos reguladores tem um impacto positivo, como era esperado na nos níveis de capital, esta conclusão vai de encontro com a "buffer theory" que defende que bancos com baixos níveis de capital tendem a aumentá-lo, enquanto os bancos com uma almofada elevada de capital tendem a mantê-la para evitar entrarem em incumprimento e sofrer sanções das entidades reguladoras. De 2017 a 2019 é possível observar um aumento de capital transversal a todos os bancos, isto pode-se dever ao fato de terem sido implementadas as últimas alterações do Acordo de Basileia III aliado a um clima económico favorável. Podemos afirmar que os níveis de capital têm um ajusto rápido, comparando com os níveis de capital do período anterior, algo que não se verifica com o risco.

PT. RK is one of the major international steel producing companies. This study aims to determine the potential hazards and the value of the level of risk that is likely to occur in the new plant owned by PT. RK i.e. the gas cleaning system area which is currently in the process of entering 95% progress. This study uses the Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) method in analyzing risks in the gas cleaning system area of PT. RK. The Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) method was used in this study because this method is very suitable for a new plant to be used. Based on the identification of potential hazards and risk analysis that has been done in the area of gas cleaning system using the HAZOPs method, it was found that 11 deviations that might occur from all existing nodes, i.e. for extreme risk levels of 1 (one) deviation or 9%, level high risk of 2 (two) deviations or 18%, moderate risk level of 6 (six) deviations or 55% and low risk level of 2 (two) deviations or 18%. PT. RK merupakan salah satu perusahaan manufaktur besar penghasil baja berskala internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya dan nilai level risiko yang kemungkinan terjadi di plant baru milik PT. RK yaitu area gas cleaning system yang saat ini proses pekerjaannya sudah memasuki progress 95%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) dalam menganalisa risiko di area gas cleaning system  PT. RK.  Metode Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikarenakan metode ini sangat cocok untuk sebuah plant baru yang akan digunakan. Berdasarkan identifikasi potensi bahaya dan analisa risiko yang telah dilakukan di area gas cleaning system dengan menggunakan metode HAZOPs, didapatkan bahwa 11 penyimpangan yang kemungkinan terjadi dari semua node yang ada yaitu untuk level risiko extreme sebanyak 1 (satu) penyimpangan atau sebesar 9%, level risiko high risk sebanyak 2 (dua) penyimpangan atau sebesar 18%, level risiko moderate sebanyak 6 (enam) penyimpangan atau sebesar 55% dan level risiko low risk sebanyak 2 (dua) penyimpangan atau sebesar 18%.Â

The objective of this study is to develop a Driving Fatigue Strain Index using fuzzy logic to analyze the risk levels of driving activity among road users. Driving fatigue is always related to the driving activity and has been identified as one of the vital contributors to the road accidents and fatalities in Malaysia. Therefore, the present paper introduces the use of fuzzy logic for the development of strain index to provide the systematic analysis and propose an appropriate solution in minimizing the number of road accidents and fatalities. The development of strain index is based on the six risk factors associated with driving fatigue; muscle activity, heart rate, hand grip pressure force, seat pressure distribution, whole-body vibration, and driving duration. The data is collected for all the risk factors and consequently, the three conditions or risk levels are defined as “safe”, “slightly unsafe”, and “unsafe”. A membership function is defined for each fuzzy conditions. IF-THEN rules were used to define the input and output variables which correspond to physical measures. This index is a reliable advisory tool for providing analysis and solutions to driving fatigue problem, which constitutes the first effort toward the minimization of road accidents and fatalities.

In France, more than 4.8 million workers (25 % of employees) report they are exposed to biological agents. The biological risk is taken into account in several occupational sector but, in other ones, this risk remains unknown and poorly assessed. The lack of an evaluation of biological risk (EvBR) is partly due to a lack of knowledge of this risk, which is still poorly documented, but also to the absence of a standardised approach adapted to the assessment of biological risk. This work consisted of proposing a methodology to aid in the evaluation of biological risk (EvBR) for employers and prevention specialists allowing them to define an action plan in terms of prevention. To achieve this objective, we first carried out an inventory and an in-depth and critical analysis of existing approaches to EvBR. Next, work was carried out to identify the structure of the most appropriate methodology and to identify the risk descriptors that would allow the most exhaustive assessment possible. Finally, on the basis of these initial achievements, a methodology was designed, applied and validated in companies in an experimental sector, composting. Beyond the exploitation of bibliographical knowledge and the contribution of companies, the construction of this reference methodology requires new provisions: (i) the determination of biological agents within reservoirs, (ii) the creation of a classification based on Franco-German classifications accounting for 18,388 species, and (iii) the creation of a five-level hierarchy of hazards that integrates all hazards other than infectious ones. The methodology developed is operational and has been deployed in companies. The implementation of the reference methodology shows that it is more preventive than other approaches used in parallel and the exposure levels recorded in the Colchic database. The work carried out during the thesis therefore made it possible to design an EvBR methodology that allows employers to better estimate the risks to improve the working conditions of exposed employees. It also opens up necessary research and development prospects that will make it possible to improve its accuracy, particularly with regard to biodiversity and the dangerousness of biological agents, the measurement of exposures and, more broadly, epidemiological studies., En France, plus de 4,8 millions de travailleurs (25 % des salariés), se déclarent exposés à des agents biologiques. Dans certains secteurs professionnels, le risque biologique est pris en compte. Néanmoins, dans d’autres, ce risque biologique reste méconnu et mal évalué. Le défaut d’évaluation du risque biologique (EvRB) s’explique en partie par la méconnaissance de ce risque encore peu documenté, mais aussi par l’absence d’une démarche standardisée et adaptée à l’évaluation du risque biologique. Ces travaux ont consisté à proposer une méthodologie d’aide à l’évaluation du risque biologique à destination des employeurs leur permettant de définir un plan d’actions en matière de prévention. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons d’abord effectué un recensement, et une analyse approfondie et critique des démarches existantes traitant de l’EvRB en milieu professionnel. Ensuite, un travail a été mené en vue de définir la structure d’une méthodologie la mieux appropriée et d’identifier les descripteurs de risque permettant de réaliser une évaluation la plus exhaustive possible. Enfin, une méthodologie a été conçue, appliquée et validée en entreprise dans un secteur d’activité expérimental, le compostage. Au-delà de l’exploitation des connaissances bibliographique et de la contribution des entreprises, la construction de cette méthodologie de référence a nécessité de nouvelles dispositions : (i) la détermination des agents biologiques au sein des réservoirs, (ii) la création d'une classification basée sur les classifications franco-allemandes comptabilisant 18 388 espèces, et (iii) la confection d’une hiérarchisation des dangers en cinq niveaux qui intègre tous les dangers autres qu’infectieux. La méthodologie développée est opérationnelle et a été déployée en entreprises. La mise en œuvre de la méthodologie de référence montre qu’elle est plus préventive que d’autres démarches utilisées en parallèle et que les niveaux d’exposition enregistrés dans la base Colchic. Le travail réalisé au cours de la thèse a permis de concevoir une méthodologie d’EvRB permettant aux employeurs de mieux estimer les risques en vue d’améliorer les conditions de travail des salariés exposés. Il ouvre aussi des perspectives de recherche et de développement qui permettront d’en améliorer sa justesse, concernant la biodiversité et la dangerosité des agents biologiques, la mesure des expositions et, plus largement, les études épidémiologiques.

The aim of this concept paper is the description of a new tool to support institutions in the implementation of targeted countermeasures, based on quantitative and multi-scale elements, for the fight and prevention of emergencies, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. The tool is a cloud-based centralized system, a multi-user platform that relies on artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for the processing of heterogeneous data, which can produce as an output the level of risk. The model includes a specific neural network which is first trained to learn the correlations between selected inputs, related to the case of interest: environmental variables (chemical&ndash, physical, such as meteorological), human activity (such as traffic and crowding), level of pollution (in particular the concentration of particulate matter) and epidemiological variables related to the evolution of the contagion. The tool realized in the first phase of the project will serve later both as a decision support system (DSS) with predictive capacity, when fed by the actual measured data, and as a simulation bench performing the tuning of certain input values, to identify which of them led to a decrease in the degree of risk. In this way, we aimed to design different scenarios to compare different restrictive strategies and the actual expected benefits, to adopt measures sized to the actual needs, adapted to the specific areas of analysis and useful for safeguarding human health, and we compared the economic and social impacts of the choices. Although ours is a concept paper, some preliminary analyses have been shown, and two different case studies are presented, whose results have highlighted a correlation between NO2, mobility and COVID-19 data. However, given the complexity of the virus diffusion mechanism, linked to air pollutants but also to many other factors, these preliminary studies confirmed the need, on the one hand, to carry out more in-depth analyses, and on the other, to use AI algorithms to capture the hidden relationships among the huge amounts of data to process.

El presente trabajo pretende analizar la prevalencia de la Hipoacusia Neurosensorial inducida por ruido en los trabajadores del Conjunto Residencial Campestre de La Dorada Caldas, que permitan recomendar medidas de mitigación. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal con enfoque mixto, en el cual se tuvieron en cuenta 14 trabajadores que laboran expuestos a ruido en el área de mantenimiento. Se utilizaron fuentes de información primaria haciendo uso de instrumentos específicos para la recolección de datos. Se diligenció un consentimiento informado, la historia audiológica ocupacional, se realizó la otoscopia y el examen de audiometría de Tonos puros. En el análisis de los resultados se pudo determinar que el 64% del total de los trabajadores presentaron hallazgos de alteración auditiva, de estos el 50% de grado leve y el 14% de grado moderado; 71% bilaterales y el 29% unilaterales. Las frecuencias más afectadas fueron 3000-4000-6000Hz. Por edad se presentó prevalencia entre los 35 y 50 años y por antigüedad en el cargo de 1 a 10 años. A pesar de que los hallazgos auditivos fueron significativos, para el caso específico de nuestra investigación, no es posible afirmar que estos se encuentren relacionados con HNIR, ya que no se cuentan con pruebas auditivas anteriores que permitan comparar y determinar que existe un cambio del umbral auditivo permanente, con respecto a una audiometría de base. El estudio suministra información relevante que puede ser utilizada por la Administración del Conjunto Campestre de La Dorada, para implementar dentro de su Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo medidas preventivas y correctivas, que permitan intervenir el riesgo (ruido) y dar inicio al Programa de Vigilancia Epidemiológica para la Conservación Auditiva, que se ajuste a la normatividad vigente Colombiana y el cual tenga por objeto prevenir y detectar oportunamente lesiones auditivas inducidas por ruido en los trabajadores. The present work aims to analyze the prevalence of noise-induced Neurosensory Hearing Loss in workers of the La Dorada Caldas Rural Residential Complex, which will allow us to recommend mitigation measures. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with a mixed approach, in which 14 workers who work exposed to noise in the maintenance area were taken into account. Primary information sources were used making use of specific instruments for data collection. Informed consent, occupational audiological history, otoscopy and pure tone audiometry examination were performed. In the analysis of the results it was possible to determine that 64% of the total of the workers presented findings of auditory alteration, of these 50% of mild degree and 14% of moderate degree; 71% bilateral and 29% unilateral. The most affected frequencies were 3000-4000-6000Hz. By age there was prevalence between 35 and 50 years and by seniority in the position from 1 to 10 years. Despite the fact that the auditory findings were significant, for the specific case of our investigation, it is not possible to affirm that these are related to HNIR, since there are no previous hearing tests that allow comparing and determining that there is a change in the threshold permanent hearing, with respect to a baseline audiometry. The study provides relevant information that can be used by the Administration of the Rural Complex of La Dorada, to implement within its Occupational Health and Safety Management System preventive and corrective measures, which allow risk (noise) to be intervened and initiate to the Epidemiological Surveillance Program for Hearing Conservation, which complies with current Colombian regulations and which aims to prevent and detect noise-induced hearing injuries in workers in a timely manner. Especialista en Gestión de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo Universidad del Tolima - Ibagué

Introduction: Patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) require additive therapies and have a poor prognosis. However, patient characteristics and clinical outcome between HF patients treated in the outpatient setting vs. those who are hospitalized remain scarce. Methods and results: The BIOlogy Study to TAilored Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure (BIOSTAT‐CHF) included 2516 patients with symptoms and/or signs of HF: 1694 as inpatients and 822 as outpatients. Compared to ambulatory HF patients, inpatients had higher heart rate, urea, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide, lower blood pressure, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, sodium, potassium, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, had more often peripheral oedema, diabetes, anaemia, and were less often treated with beta‐blockers and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). Outpatients had a more frequent history of HF hospitalization and received more frequently beta‐blockers and/or ACEi/angiotensin receptor blockers up‐titrated to target doses (P

Resumen El objetivo de la investigación es establecer la presencia de sintomatología psicológica clínica y subclínica, niveles de riesgo y necesidad de atención psicológica en el estudiantado de la Escuela de Psicología de la PUCESA que presenta bajo rendimiento académico. La investigación posee un diseño no experimental, de tipo cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo y comparativo y de corte transversal. Participaron 92 estudiantes de las carreras de Psicología Clínica y Organizacional, divididos en 77,2% (mujeres) y 22,8% (hombres); evaluados con el Inventario de los 90 Síntomas revisado (SCL-90-R) de Derogatis, Rickels y Rock (1976). El 65,1% de los examinados presentaron bajo rendimiento académico (condicionamiento académico), mientras el 34,4% estuvo constituido por estudiantes no condicionados como grupo de comparación. Los resultados revelan que el estudiantado con primer condicionamiento muestra mayor prevalencia en ideas y comportamientos obsesivo-compulsivos, sintomatología depresiva, somatizaciones y en menor medida ansiedad, ideación paranoide y hostilidad; en el estudiantado con segundo condicionamiento los síntomas obsesivo-compulsivos disminuyen, la ansiedad casi desaparece, mientras que la depresión y la hostilidad aumentan, aunque sin alcanzar niveles clínicos; no existen diferencias significativas con el grupo control. Un 19,1% de los examinados se encuentra en riesgo debido a su sintomatología, mientras que un 3,5% presenta necesidades de atención psicológica. Abstract This study reports on clinical and subclinical psychological symptoms, risk levels and psychological care requirements identified in psychology majors with low academic achievement at the Catholic Pontifical University of Ecuador (PUCESA) This study is used a non-experimental design which is quantitative in nature, descriptive, comparative and cross-sectional. A sample group of 92 students were selected specifically among students majoring in Clinical and Organizational Psychology. The Revised Symptom Checklist – 90-R (SCL 90-R) by Derogatis, Rickels and Rock (1976) was used to assess the sample group of 77.2% women and 22.8% men. Approximately 65.1% of the participants displayed low academic performance (academic conditioned) while 34.4 made up the control group of students (unconditioned) for a head-to-head comparison. Based on the results, the first academic conditioned group had a higher prevalence of obsessive-compulsive ideation and behaviors with symptoms of depression, somatization, anxiety, paranoid ideation and hostility, though to a lesser extent. While students in the second non-condition group had fewer obsessive-compulsive symptoms and low anxiety, they had higher rates of depression and hostility which did not, however, attain clinical levels. Although no significant differences were found with the control group, 19.1% were deemed to be at risk for developing psychological disorders due to their symptoms, while 3.5% required psychological counseling.

The restrictions have been preferred by governments to reduce the spread of Covid-19 and to protect people's health according to regional risk levels. The risk levels of locations are determined due to threshold values ​​based on the number of cases per 100,000 people without environmental variables. The purpose of our study is to apply unsupervised machine learning techniques to determine the cities with similar risk levels by using the number of cases and environmental parameters. Hierarchical, partitional, soft, and gray relational clustering algorithms were applied to different datasets created with weekly the number of cases, population densities, average ages, and air pollution levels. Comparisons of the clustering algorithms were performed by using internal validation indexes, and the most successful method was identified. In the study, it was revealed that the most successful method in clustering based on the number of cases is Gray Relational Clustering. The results show that using the environmental variables for restrictions requires more clusters than 4 for healthier decisions and Gray Relational Clustering gives stable results, unlike other algorithms.

We present an analysis of risk levels on multi-lane roads. The aim is to use the crash metrics to understand which direction of the flow mainly influences the safety in traffic flow. In fact, on multi-lane highways interactions among vehicles occur also with lane changing and we show that they strongly affect the level of potential conflicts. In particular, in this study we consider the Time-To-Collision as risk metric and we use the experimental data collected on the A3 German highway., Comment: 6 pages

This study reports on clinical and subclinical psychological symptoms, risk levels and psychological care requirements identified in psychology majors with low academic achievement at the Catholic Pontifical University of Ecuador (PUCESA) This study is used a non-experimental design which is quantitative in nature, descriptive, comparative and cross-sectional. A sample group of 92 students were selected specifically among students majoring in Clinical and Organizational Psychology. The Revised Symptom Checklist – 90-R (SCL 90-R) by Derogatis, Rickels and Rock (1976) was used to assess the sample group of 77.2% women and 22.8% men. Approximately 65.1% of the participants displayed low academic performance (academic conditioned) while 34.4 made up the control group of students (unconditioned) for a head-to-head comparison. Based on the results, the first academic conditioned group had a higher prevalence of obsessive-compulsive ideation and behaviors with symptoms of depression, somatization, anxiety, paranoid ideation and hostility, though to a lesser extent. While students in the second non-condition group had fewer obsessive-compulsive symptoms and low anxiety, they had higher rates of depression and hostility which did not, however, attain clinical levels. Although no significant differences were found with the control group, 19.1% were deemed to be at risk for developing psychological disorders due to their symptoms, while 3.5% required psychological counseling. El objetivo de la investigación es establecer la presencia de sintomatología psicológica clínica y subclínica, niveles de riesgo y necesidad de atención psicológica en el estudiantado de la Escuela de Psicología de la PUCESA que presenta bajo rendimiento académico. La investigación posee un diseño no experimental, de tipo cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo y comparativo y de corte transversal. Participaron 92 estudiantes de las carreras de Psicología Clínica y Organizacional, divididos en 77,2% (mujeres) y 22,8% (hombres); evaluados con el Inventario de los 90 Síntomas revisado (SCL-90-R) de Derogatis, Rickels y Rock (1976). El 65,1% de los examinados presentaron bajo rendimiento académico (condicionamiento académico), mientras el 34,4% estuvo constituido por estudiantes no condicionados como grupo de comparación. Los resultados revelan que el estudiantado con primer condicionamiento muestra mayor prevalencia en ideas y comportamientos obsesivo-compulsivos, sintomatología depresiva, somatizaciones y en menor medida ansiedad, ideación paranoide y hostilidad; en el estudiantado con segundo condicionamiento los síntomas obsesivo-compulsivos disminuyen, la ansiedad casi desaparece, mientras que la depresión y la hostilidad aumentan, aunque sin alcanzar niveles clínicos; no existen diferencias significativas con el grupo control. Un 19,1% de los examinados se encuentra en riesgo debido a su sintomatología, mientras que un 3,5% presenta necesidades de atención psicológica.

Introduction: Patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) require additive therapies and have a poor prognosis. However, patient characteristics and clinical outcome between HF patients treated in the outpatient setting vs. those who are hospitalized remain scarce. Methods and results: The BIOlogy Study to TAilored Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure (BIOSTAT‐CHF) included 2516 patients with symptoms and/or signs of HF: 1694 as inpatients and 822 as outpatients. Compared to ambulatory HF patients, inpatients had higher heart rate, urea, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide, lower blood pressure, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, sodium, potassium, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, had more often peripheral oedema, diabetes, anaemia, and were less often treated with beta‐blockers and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). Outpatients had a more frequent history of HF hospitalization and received more frequently beta‐blockers and/or ACEi/angiotensin receptor blockers up‐titrated to target doses (P

RESUMEN La investigación propone utilizar redes neuronales para el reconocimiento de patrones no tradicionales en la predicción de accidentes fatales en la industria minera peruana para lo cual explora 6,568 reportes y 239 Informes de Investigación del Ministerio de Energía y Minas reportados entre 2010-2015. La investigación concluye con un error de precisión de 0.0761% la existencia de patrones no tradicionales como la complejidad operacional, experiencia laboral o disponibilidad de equipos que presentan alta influencia en la accidentabilidad y desarrolla un instrumento para predecirla con fines académicos e industriales. ABSTRACT The research proposes use neural networks for the recognition of nontraditional patterns in the prediction of fatal accidents in the Peruvian mining industry for which explores 6,568 reports and 239 Audits of the Ministry of Energy and Mines reported between2010-2015. There search concludes with anaccuracy error of 0.0761% the existence of non-traditional patterns such as operational complexity, work experience oravailability of equipment that have a high influence on accidentability and develops an instrument to predictit for academic and industrial purposes.

The article presents the results of the microbiological risk assessment of bacteria E. sakazakii in cow milk of extra and premium grades. The levels of risk are defined: "high" - is raw milk that is contaminated by these bacteria in an amount exceeding 26 ± 4 CFU / cm 3 , "low" - less than 26 ± 4 CFU / cm 3 . It is determined that the pasteurization temperature 72°C for 15 s or 30 s is fully eliminates the risk of E. sakazakii, while pasteurization at 62°C for 15 min does not guarantee the complete elimination of the risk.

The persistence of risk levels of local General Equity unit trusts is evaluated. Variations in absolute and market-adjusted returns are measured to determine whether investors can use historical risk as a proxy for future risk levels. The General Equity funds are fairly homogenous, and different funds should exhibit stable risk levels if the fund managers’ investment mandates and investment styles remain stable over time. The results indicate a degree of absolute and market-adjusted risk stability over time. The market-adjusted risk and return relationship remained stable through the 2008 global crises, indicating that, on average, the fund managers maintained their benchmark-related risk exposures. Both the absolute and market-adjusted results indicate no statistically significant relationship between risk and return for the 2000 to 2012 period.

La temática de este ensayo, destaca su importancia en el liderazgo, donde son aplicadas, estrategias educativas de control, mejoramiento y evaluación en todos los procedimientos, para así poder incorporar un esquema de filosofía de seguridad en la organización, concientizando a todo el personal en el fortalecimiento intelectual y en la búsqueda de una verdadera cultura de seguridad. The theme of the paper highlights the importance of leadership for the creation of a true culture of physical, using administrative tools for this process monitoring, by implementing improvement strategies incorporated within a scheme philosophy of security of field operations, which seeks to raise awareness and engage the oil companies and all their staff, under the leadership strengthening as a key factor for the effective use of the physical and human resources in the search for build an efficient culture of security.

The 8-hour workday is a legitimate conquest of workers' rights that took place in Chicago. Also, production, defined as transformation of inputs into goods and services for consumption or investment, demands quality standards. This study was conducted in a wooden furniture private firm for export and domestic market sale. The research was held through observation using a descriptive method and cross-section analysis. The tools used were, for psychosocial risks, the assessment of psychosocial risks at work. For production and quality defects analysis, likert- scales. The study population is 60 employees, working in two shifts in wooden furniture industry. Both groups have similar demographic and labor characteristics. The research has shown that: The level of psychosocial risk in the company´s workers is very high, being greater those considered external to labor rather than labor risk, giving as a result a higher level of stress. The morning shift has more productivity and less stress that the evening group, there is a direct link between the organizational and production model based on several shifts, psychosocial risks and quantity and quality defects on the production process., La jornada laboral de ocho horas es una conquista reivindicativa de los derechos de los trabajadores en Chicago. La producción considerada como la transformación de insumos en bienes y servicios para consumo, contempla estándares de calidad y cumplimiento de requisitos previamente establecidos. El presente estudio se realizó en una empresa dedicada a la elaboración de muebles de madera tanto de exportación como de comercialización en el mercado interno. Se utilizaron los métodos de investigación observacional, descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo. La herramienta utilizada para los riesgos sicosociales fue la batería para la evaluación de riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo, en cambio para el análisis de calidad se usaron escalas de Likert basadas en conocimientos adquiridos durante el presente estudio. La población de estudio está constituida por 60 trabajadores, que laboran en dos turnos de trabajo, en el área de preparación de madera. Los dos grupos de trabajo tienen características similares sociodemográñcas y laborales. La investigación ha demostrado que el nivel de riesgo sicosocial en la empresa en la población estudiada es muy alto, siendo mayor los considerados extra laborales y menor en los intra laborales, circunstancias que determinan un alto nivel de estrés. El grupo de la mañana tiene mayor productividad y menor estrés que el grupo de la tarde, existe un nexo directo entre el modelo organizacional del proceso productivo, a través de los horarios en los diferentes turnos de trabajo, los riesgos sicosociales y la producción relacionado tanto con la cantidad como con la calidad (defectos).

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia, ramo de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde O presente estudo pretendeu caracterizar, numa população de 150 utentes que recorre aos serviços de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados em Peso da Régua, os consumos de bebidas alcoólicas (níveis de risco), os falsos conceitos associados ao uso de bebidas alcoólicas, tendo em linha de conta, entre outras, as questões de género. Pretendemos igualmente aceder, em 19 mulheres grávidas ou que já tinham sido mães, aos seus conhecimentos sobre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na gravidez e amamentação. Para tal, recorremos a um estudo assente numa dimensão quantitativa com o objetivo de analisarmos a expressão das variáveis género, profissão, habilitações literárias, estado civil, idade de início de consumo, bebidas de eleição, número de bebidas alcoólicas ingeridas por dia, recorrendo a um questionário construído para o efeito; de registar a frequência de falsos conceitos (através do mesmo instrumento) e de níveis de risco de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas (através do instrumento de rastreio AUDIT); e, por fim, de relacionar os níveis de risco de consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e os falsos conceitos. A abordagem qualitativa, assente na metodologia Grounded Analysis (Teoria sustentada nos dados), permitiu-nos obter uma compreensão alternativa quando pretendemos identificar conhecimentos sobre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na gestação e amamentação nos 19 indivíduos do género feminino atrás referidos. Em traços gerais, podemos concluir que os indivíduos que participaram no estudo têm uma baixa escolaridade e que a bebida alcoólica mais ingerida é o vinho. No que diz respeito aos resultados do AUDIT, a maioria dos participantes encontra-se no nível I (baixo risco) e, para além disso, não apresenta muitas crenças erróneas associadas ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, o que vai ao encontro da literatura consultada. No que concerne às diferenças de género, só existem diferenças significativas relacionados com dois falsos conceitos com predominância do género masculino (“O álcool faz render melhor o trabalho”, e “quando bebo fico mais alerta”). Já para o falso conceito “o álcool pode passar para o bebé através do leite materno”, os resultados foram diferentes e com significado estatístico, ressaltando predominância do género feminino. Na análise qualitativa, concluímos que o número de mulheres que relata ter tido informação sobre o consumo de álcool na gravidez e amamentação, tanto em contexto de saúde como através da comunicação social, é bastante superficial e lata. Os resultados obtidos nesta dissertação demonstram a importância da prevenção e informação sobre o consumo excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas. The present study intended to characterize, in a population of 150 users that resorts to the Personalized Health Care services in Peso da Régua, the consumption of alcoholic drinks (risk levels), the false concepts associated to the use of alcoholic drinks, taking into account, amongst others, the questions of gender. It was also intended to access, in 19 women who were pregnant or who had already been mothers, their knowledge on the consumption of alcoholic drinks during pregnancy and breastfeeding. To do so we resorted to a study based on a quantitative dimension, using a questionnaire built for the effect, with the objective of analysing the expression of the variables gender, profession, academic qualifications, marital status, the age of the beginning of consumption, preferred drinks, the number of alcoholic drinks ingested a day; the registry of the frequency of false concepts (using the same instrument) and risk levels of alcoholic drinks consumption (through Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – AUDIT); and finally, making a list of the risk levels of alcoholic drinks consumption and of the false concepts. The qualitative approach, based on the Grounded Analysis methodology (data supported Theory) allowed to us to obtain an alternative understanding when we intend to identify knowledge on the consumption of alcoholic drinks during pregnancy and breastfeeding in above mentioned 19 subjects. In general, we can conclude that the individuals who participated in the study have a poor schooling/academic qualifications, and that the most ingested alcoholic drink is wine. As to what concerns the results of AUDIT, most of the participants are at level I (low risk) and, besides that, they do not present many erroneous beliefs associated to alcoholic drinks consumption, which goes against the literature reviewed. As to gender differences, they are statistically significant in relation to two false concepts, with predominance of the male gender (“Alcohol improves performance at work”, and “I am more alert when I drink”). As far as the false concept “alcohol transfer to the baby through the mother’s milk” the results were different and statistically significant, emphasizing the predominance of female gender. Through qualitative analysis we concluded that the number of women reporting they had information on alcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding is residual, either in health care context or through the media, is quite superficial and diffuse. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of prevention and information about the excessive consumption of alcoholic drinks.