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Businesses are on a perpetual quest to increase purchase intention to increase product sales. Currently, this study is also an effort in a similar context where consumers’ perception of product assortment, internet of things, order fulfillment, green packaging, and green design are comprehended. Besides, the research entails understating the assistance given to the customers for product purchases, followed by the signaling effect of these factors on the brand’s shopping assistance. The impact of shopping assistance is empirically analyzed on purchase intention to grasp the phenomena. Data were gathered using an online survey form, and analysis was done using PLS-SEM. The empirical testing suggests that product assortment, internet of things, order fulfillment, green packaging, and green design on shopping assistance support purchase intention. The result also confirms meditation of shopping assistance in the proposed model.

This paper presents the prototype demonstration where an integrated transmitter circuit drives a mobile handset terminal antenna in order to provide frequency tunability and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) operation across the 0.5–4.5 GHz frequency range. The transmitter implementation incorporates on-chip weighted signal generation, i.e. amplitude and phase scaling to provide sufficient MIMO performance in the low band (700–960 MHz) and in the high band (1.5–4.5 GHz). In the transmitter, two antenna elements are used for MIMO operation in the low band and another two in the high band. The transmitter integrated circuit (IC) is fabricated in a 28 nm bulk CMOS technology with an active on-chip area of 0.2 mm$^2$. A custom antenna measurement procedure is proposed here in order to support and verify active antenna measurements with transmitter IC. A measurement procedure for the transmitter system comprising the transmitter IC and four antenna clusters is developed and discussed in comparison with traditional passive antenna measurements. The measurement results demonstrate that the transmitter IC driving the antenna clusters provides total antenna efficiency of $-6.5$ dB to $-1.5$ dB, and envelope correlation coefficient below 0.4 across the designated frequency bands. The results indicate that the implemented transmitter IC successfully tunes frequency response of the antenna clusters, and enhances the MIMO operation of such mobile antennas.

This paper presents a transmitter IC with two identical signal paths, including base-band amplifier, up-converting mixer, and power amplifier (PA) stages. The design is focused on wide modulation bandwidth, and the use of a resonatorless small die-area class-D power amplifier at cm-wave frequencies. This work also incorporates a local oscillator (LO) signal distribution network with phase tuning elements. The circuit is implemented in a 22-nm CMOS process, and the active die area is 0.8 mm2. Operation over the 6–20 GHz range of carrier frequencies through the transmission of both continuous wave (CW) and wideband quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulated signals were verified with measurements. Results with 20/40/100, and 400 MHz modulation bandwidths are presented, and for instance for a 20-MHz QPSK modulated input signal the measured adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the transmitter is 28 dBc and error vector magnitude (EVM) is 5%. acceptedVersion

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 IEEE. Active reconfiguring of the frequency response of an antenna cluster was recently demonstrated involving an integrated transmitter and antenna cluster. The tuning method solely relies on scaling the antenna cluster feed amplitudes and phases, and entirely eliminates the typically required on-chip or off-chip matching networks. This work now advances the prior art by demonstrating and presenting improved solutions for on-chip amplitude and phase scaling blocks. In this paper, we present an optimization for phase resolution, resulting in 5 bit phase tuning architecture. Furthermore, we present an analysis of amplitude tuning on the efficiency and impedance variation for antenna cluster feeds. Two different amplitude scaling alternatives are considered: formerly studied switched capacitor power amplifier (SCPA) topology and a new low-dropout-regulator (LDO) based supply scaling of the class-D power amplifier. The designs are simulated in a 28-nm bulk CMOS technology at 1.5 GHz and 5 GHz respectively. The simulation results indicate that the LDO-based supply tuning method is superior to SCPA in terms of variation on efficiency and output impedance over the amplitude tuning code. The proposed circuit provides 15 dB amplitude tuning range with a 54 Ω impedance interface and 48% drain efficiency at 1.5 GHz whereas it provides an impedance interface of 84 Ω with 23% drain efficiency at 5 GHz.

The increase of social media (SM) has led to continuous deviations in how day-to-day entrepreneurial activities can be carried out. Additionally, studies devoted to SM entrepreneurship and SM are relatively limited and fragmented in their focus. However there is growing interest from scholars, practitioners and academia for upcoming studies and exploration within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) context. This research explores the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on SM adoption and SME performance in developing countries. We employed the resource-based view (RBV) as the foundation for developing the conceptual framework The present study employed a closed-ended questionnaire to collect data from SMEs located in Pakistan. Partial-least-squares-structural equation-modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized for the analysis of 423 responses. The results proved a direct positive link between EO–SMEs performance, EO–SM adoption, SM adoption–SMEs performance, innovation capabilities (IC), and SME performance. Partial mediation was found between EO and SME performance, and the significant moderation effect of IC was found between SM adoption and SME performance. This paper has implications for practitioners and researchers regarding SM adoption in the SMEs. It builds an empirical, multi-dimensional hypothesized model, including mediating and moderating roles affecting the relationships.

Switched-capacitor power amplifier has gained popularity within the radio frequency integrated circuit community, since it is CMOS compatible offering high integration density and good performance particularly in terms of linearity. In this paper we present a study on the use of switched-capacitor power amplifier at millimeter-wave frequency range. We identify the major design challenges in this paper, and demonstrate the feasibility of switched-capacitor power amplifier with a 30-G Hz design case. Our analysis describes the effects of power amplifier device parasitics and their contribution to dynamic power consumption, revealing that these are a major factor in degradation of switched capacitor power amplifier efficiency at millimeter waves. Two circuits, one for 3 GHz and the other for 30 GHz, were designed and simulated with 28-nm bulk CMOS technology. At 3 GHz, the designed switched capacitor power amplifier structure with 6-bit resolution features maximum output power of 19.4 dBm and efficiency of 59% whereas the output power of 18.6 dBm with 21% efficiency is achieved at 30 GHz. The switched-capacitor power amplifier preserves its good linearity at higher frequencies as well, and our design demonstrates an adjacent channel leackage ratio of -34.4 dB at 30 GHz for a 100-MHz OFDM-modulated signal. acceptedVersion

International audience; The proliferation of embedded systems, wireless technologies, and Internet protocols have enabled the Internet of Things (IoT) to bridge the gap between the virtual and physical world through enabling the monitoring and actuation of the physical world controlled by data processing systems. Wireless technologies, despite their offered convenience, flexibility, low cost, and mobility pose unique challenges such as fading, interference, energy, and security, which must be carefully addressed when using resource-constrained IoT devices. To this end, the efforts of the research community have led to the standardization of several wireless technologies for various types of application domains depending on factors such as reliability, latency, scalability, and energy efficiency. In this paper, we first overview these standard wireless technologies, and we specifically study the MAC and physical layer technologies proposed to address the requirements and challenges of wireless communications. Furthermore, we explain the use of these standards in various application domains, such as smart homes, smart healthcare, industrial automation, and smart cities, and discuss their suitability in satisfying the requirements of these applications. In addition to proposing guidelines to weigh the pros and cons of each standard for an application at hand, we also examine what new strategies can be exploited to overcome existing challenges and support emerging IoT applications.