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Drought is a natural phenomenon which often impacts people, the economy and ecosystems. Prolonged droughts reduce food production and water availability and at their worst lead to significant human suffering and loss of life. Project management is one of strategic competency that enables entities to link project outcomes to it particular objective hence the primary objective of this study was to determine the role of project management practices on performance outcomes in post-disaster reconstruction in Kenya. The study was guided by four research objectives namely: to determine the influence of project planning process on performance outcomes; to examine the influence of project execution process on performance outcomes; to investigate the influence of monitoring and controlling of projects on performance outcomes; and to establish the influence of project communication processes on performance outcomes in rural water projects development in Kenya. The research employed cross sectional research design. The study targeted 238 projects heads and major stakeholders. Simple random sampling was used to obtain 204 projects heads and major stakeholders. The data from the field were edited for accuracy, completeness, consistency and analyzed using descriptive statistical tools (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V.17.0 and Excel). From the findings, 67 % of the respondents indicated that project planning influenced project outcome to a very great extent; 44% of the respondents agreed that project execution influenced project outcome to a very great extent; 75 % of the respondents recommended changes to the project monitoring and control procedures to positively influence project outcome. Also, it was established that 55% of the project outcome was influenced by project management processes. The study concluded that there was a significant relationship between project management processes and project outcome. The findings led to the conclusion that execution had the least influence on the project outcome. It was also concluded that the project closure process had the greatest influence on project outcome. The regression model indicated that the project communication process had the largest magnitude. The study recommended that: effective project planning activities to be applied to projects; emphasis be given to implementation activities that will ensure plans are effectively executed in order to fully meet set objectives; introduction of effective monitoring tools; training of staff on use of monitoring tools; use of effective communication; and improved reporting and documentation. Finally, the study recommended that project outcome should be evaluated from the local acceptance and satisfaction perspective Keywords: Project Management Practices, Project Planning, Project Execution, Monitoring and Controlling, Project Communication, Performance Outcomes. Title: Role of Project Management Practices on Performance Outcomes in Post-Disaster Reconstruction in Kenya Author: Daisy Chebet Ronoh, Dr. Jane Queen Omwenga International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Vol. 10, Issue 4, October 2022 - December 2022 Page No: 349-374 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 26-October-2022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252123 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/role-of-project-management-practices-on-performance-outcomes-in-post-disaster-reconstruction-in-kenya

The focus of this study is to examine the relationship between project risk mitigation and project execution in the Nigeria oil and gas industry. Specifically, the study examines the extent of contribution of project risk mitigation in realising project budget, quality, schedule and scope during execution. In pursuant of these objectives, survey research design was used. 102 questionnaires were administered to the Managing Directors or Chief Operating Officers and project or operations managers of the selected companies. Eighty two questionnaires were validly retrieved and used for data analysis. Data obtained were analysed mean and Spearman’s rank order correlation analysis. The study found that projects risk mitigation was significantly and positively related to project execution in terms of budget, quality, schedule and scope. The study therefore recommends that there should be a holistic integration and constant improvement of project risk mitigation strategies which will help improve the quality of projects executed in the Nigerian oil and gas industry.

This paper was prepared to introduce the importance of knowledge and awareness by adhering to international standards when establishing large economic projects (> 1.0 m $) through preparing a detailed feasibility study. This includes all stages of the project (from idea to operation) and identifies project outputs and indicators of success, in order to establish best projects and for the optimal use of public money, based on a comparison and clarification with some successful projects to benefit from their experience. In fact, most projects in the Sudan are not studied and implemented according to a disciplined professional hierarchy and international standards, which often leads to their failure. Therefore, defining this problem and describing the solution should be a professional duty, the greater of which is located in the economic, engineering, the administrative, and the executive sectors, but the opinion of the civil engineer still remains as a key factor from the idea to the operational (Rule of Thumb). To solve this problem, we proposed simple guidelines for establishing projects from the idea to the operating, benefiting from our experience with the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning and the Islamic Development Bank, and guidelines from consultant homes and financing institutions in this regard. Finally, we think that our suggested guidelines can be used as basic platform for all those involved and those in charge of these projects, so that the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (the largest financier) can end up as binding directors (along the lines of purchase and contracting laws and regulations) to obtain the funding required to implement projects public financed with loans or grants by global or local funding agencies.

Leadership is critical for the functioning of society and of any organization, and the effectiveness is incumbent on leader and follower congruence. The effectiveness of a leader is therefore inevitably contingent to the leader’s ability to develop a balance between the objectives of the followers, the leader and the organization. This is compounded by the factors that inform leader behavior, follower expectation and the tasks to be performed. Chief amongst these would be culture, religion, levels of follower education, and the tasks to be performed. The Gaza Strip is a heavily militarized, paternalistic and strongly religious environment, allowing for an environment that encourages transactional leadership. The research sought to establish the acceptability of transactional leadership at a large telecommunications organization in the Gaza Strip. The target population was employees of the organization and their perceptions about transactional leadership. The findings indicate a high acceptability of transactional leadership style by the employees of the organization.

The purpose of this research is to examine the causes of delay in airport projects in general and the King Abdulaziz International Airport (KAIA) of Saudi Arabia in particular. The KAIA is the most strategic and busiest airport of Saudi Arabia, which transports millions of pilgrims from two hundred countries to perform Hajj and Umrah in Makkah. In general, more than 50% of construction projects fail on one more area. Our method of research is empirical based on the analysis of responses received from seventy-one respondents to our survey questions. We shall also synthesize literature that utilizes previous research and case studies on aviation and public project failures. We believe that this research will be valuable in ascertaining and mitigating direct causes for the numerous project delays in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

A atratividade de um projeto é verificada por meio da compatibilidade das demandas do projeto às capacidades organizacionais da instituição responsável pela sua execução. Deste modo, a análise da atratividade de um projeto é essencial para a gestão de portfólio, aumentando as chances de sucesso do empreendimento. Entretanto, poucas pesquisas analisam a atratividade de projetos sob uma ótica ampla, além da atratividade financeira, como verificado nos resultados da revisão sistemática de literatura conduzida nesta pesquisa. Assim, este trabalho propõe uma metodologia para avaliação da atratividade de projetos baseada no método hierárquico-fuzzy, considerando a atratividade sob os aspectos técnico-econômico, socioambiental e estratégico. O método é utilizado para compilar notas atribuídas a indicadores referentes a tais critérios, considerando diferentes pesos e incertezas inerentes a projetos. A metodologia foi aplicada a 13 projetos de infraestrutura rodoviária executados no Brasil, estimando-se seus índices de atratividade. Os resultados são comparados a avaliações gerais realizadas após a execução destas obras. Deste modo, foi possível identificar o valor do índice de atratividade a partir do qual as obras apresentaram resultados negativos, possibilitando a sugestão de um Índice de Atratividade mínimo. Enfim, a metodologia proposta é simples, flexível e pode ser amplamente empregada em diversos setores devido a sua praticidade de aplicação. O índice de atratividade proposto pode ser uma ferramenta versátil para auxiliar os gestores de projeto e de portfólio na tomada de decisão quanto a avaliação de execução de projetos.

Since time immemorial, human civilizations have used various types of projects to deliver change or benefit to societies. They include the projects such as Voyages of Discovery of Henry the Navigator, the Great Pyramids of Egypt, the ancient Roman roads, the Grand Canal of China, the Dykes of Holland and the Atomic bomb among others. Since 1950s the development agenda has been characterized by projects and programs aimed at improving the quality of life of beneficiary communities, be it in physical or qualitative terms. Projects of antiquity have left their mark on society and contributed to positive changes that benefit society in general and improved living conditions for many people. The nature of projects is that they vary in scale, purpose and duration. Projects represent the commitment of human and physical resources to produce specific outputs in a given time and budget framework. They may be initiated by a community requiring modest inputs and producing tangible outputs within a relatively short timeframe. The study aimed at establishing Project Management life cycle and sustainability of devolved system of governance projects in Kenya. Specifically, the study looked at roles of: Project Initiation, Project Planning, Project Execution and Project Closure on the sustainability of Mount Kenya East Counties projects. The study was conducted in Mount Kenya East (Meru, Embu and Tharaka Nithi) and the targeted population was 154 members involved in County projects. A census was done where the entire population was administered with questionnaires. The study used descriptive survey design. The study found that the Project Management Life Cycle has as significant role on the sustainability of projects in counties. Project Initiation had a slightly significant positive relationship with sustainability. Project Planning has a strong positive relationship with sustainability of projects. Project Execution has weak positive relationship with sustainability and finally, Project Closure has moderately strong positive relationship with sustainability. The four independent variables explained 78.4% of sustainability. The study recommended that the Project Management Life Cycle to be well implemented in projects to ensure sustainability of those projects. The study further recommends a similar study to de conducted to identify the other roles that help ensure 100% sustainability of projects. The study will be helpful to the county government administration, scholars, and other project stakeholders as they thrive to ensure sustainability of projects is achieved. Keywords: Project Life Cycle, Sustainability of Projects, Project Initiation, Project Planning, Project Execution, Project Closure. Title: ROLE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT LIFE CYCLE ON SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVOLVED SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE PROJECTS IN KENYA Author: Kencos Mutuma Mwebia, Dr. Muchelule Yusuf International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations ISSN 2348-7585 (Online) Vol. 10, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022 Page No: 149-159 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 19-May-2022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6563224 Paper Download Link (Source): https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/role-of-project-management-life-cycle-on-sustainability-of-county-government-projects-a-case-of-meru-county-kenya, International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, ISSN 2348-7585 (Online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.com, {"references":["[1]\tPMI. (2017). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK Guide (6th ed.). Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, Inc.","[2]\tKerzner, H. (2017). Project Management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (10th ed.). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","[3]\tChikati, J. (2009). Project Cycle Management: An Integrated Approach and Logical. contribute to social inclusion- Flinders University.","[4]\tAyatah, A. K. (2012). Examining Stakeholder Management Challenges and their impact on Project Management in the case of Advocacy and empowerment NGOs in the upper East region of Ghana. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. .","[5]\tManyara, E. M. (2020). The influence of project planning, stakeholder engagement and project monitoring and control on the delivery of projects at Kenya Airports Authority. M.Sc inn management and organizational development, United States International University -Africa.","[6]\tAmponsah, R. (2010). Improving Project Management Practice in Ghana with Focus on Agriculture, Banking and Construction Sectors. A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Project Management","[7]\tAaltonen, K. (2011). Project stakeholder analysis as an environmental interpretation process. International Journal of Project Management, 29(2), 165-183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.02.001","[8]\tFlyvbjerg, B. (2011). Overbudget, over time and over again: Managing major projects. In J. K. P. W.G Morris, & J. Soderlund, The Oxford handbook of project management (pp. 321-344). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.","[9]\tHarvey, P.A and Reed, R.A. (2007) community-managed water supplies in Africa: sustainable or dispensable? Community development journal advance access.","[10]\tPower Africa. (2018). A Guide to Community Engagement for Power Projects in Kenya. . Nairobi: USAID Kenya","[11]\tTeeboom, L. (2018). Application of Systems Theory in Business Organizations. Retrieved from smallbusiness. chron: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/application-systems-theory-business-organizations-73405.html","[12]\tGleeson, P. (2019). Importance of the System Approach Principle. Retrieved 03 2022, from smallbusiness.chron: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-system-approach-principle-81413.html","[13]\tSesti, C. (2019). Systems Theory in Project Management. Retrieved 03 2022, from apppm: http://apppm.man. dtu.dk/index.php/Systems_Theory_in_Project_Management#Systems_Theory_in_Project_Management","[14]\tIka, L., Diallo, A., & Thuillier, D. (2012). Critical success factors for World Bank projects: An empirical investigation. International journal of project management, 30.","[15]\tWorld Bank. (2019). Kenya - Electricity Expansion Project: Second Progress Report on the Implementation of Management's Action Plan (English). . Washington, D.C: World Bank Group."]}

Tecnologias educacionais têm sido inseridas em sala de aula com o objetivo de desenvolver competências e motivar os estudantes. Em cursos de graduação em computação, guias de currículo recomendam o uso de ferramentas para o ensino prático de gerência de projetos. No entanto, na prática, o uso de tecnologias educacionais no ensino de GP em cursos de computação ainda é restrito, principalmente, devido a limitação das ferramentas na abrangência dos conteúdos. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma ferramenta educacional (ExecProject) para a simulação da execução de projetos. Resultados de uma avaliação envolvendo 17 alunos indicam que a ExecProject possui uma boa usabilidade (score escala SUS = 75.15), é de fácil utilização e, do ponto de vista dos alunos, contribui para aprendizagem e compreensão da execução de projetos e suas interferências. Resultados deste artigo podem auxiliar professores na adoção de tecnologias e, assim, contribuir para a aplicação prática de GP na formação de estudantes de computação., Educational technologies have been used in the classroom with the aim of developing skills and motivating students. In undergraduate computing courses, curriculum guides recommend the use of tools for the practical teaching of project management. However, in practice, the use of educational technologies in the teaching of GP in computing courses is still restricted, mainly due to the limitation of the tools in the covering of the content. Therefore, the objective of this article is to present the development and evaluation of an educational tool (ExecProject) for the simulation of the project execution. Results of an evaluation involving 17 students indicate that the ExecProject has good usability (SUS scale score = 75.15), is easy to use and, from the students' perspective, contributes to learning and understanding the execution of projects and their interferences. Results of this article can assist teachers in the adoption of technologies and, thus, contribute to the practical application of GP in the training of computing students., Facultad de Informática

espanolRESUMEN El recorrido historico de la construccion y manejo de la Acequia Tabacundo y del Proyecto de Riego Cayambe Pedro Moncayo en el siglo XX, permite visualizar el complejo desarrollo local que se establece en este territorio, como efecto de los cambios de legislacion, institucionalidad y economia nacionales, esta ultima dependiente de los flujos de los mercados especialmente internacionales. Este analisis fortalece la comprension y reflexion de los resultados e impactos de estos procesos, mediante la revision empirica de documentos disponibles e informacion lograda directamente con los representantes territoriales relacionados a la administracion de la Acequia y ejecucion del Proyecto. Los dos modelos de administracion de la Acequia Tabacundo y el devenir del moderno Proyecto creados durante el siglo pasado, determinan caracteristicas propias y especificidades, que responden a la coexistencia local de diferencias y desarrollos combinados, especialmente a nivel productivo y social. Los conflictos por el manejo del recurso agua son evidentes al terminar el siglo XX, particularmente entre la gestion y prestacion del servicio de riego de la Acequia, por parte de la administracion municipal de Pedro Moncayo, y los diferentes consumidores del riego del territorio. Profundizando su convergencia o diferencias con la misma institucionalidad local y provincial que iniciaron la construccion del Proyecto de Riego Cayambe Pedro Moncayo. EnglishThe historical construction and management trajectory of Tabacundo’s acequia and the Cayambe Pedro Moncayo Irrigation Project in the twentieth century, allows us to visualize the complex local development established in this territory, as a result of changes in legislation, institutionality and national economy. This analysis strengthens these processes results and impacts understanding and reflection of, through the empirical review of available documents and information obtained directly with the territorial representatives related to the administration of the Acequia and project execution. Tabacundo’s Acequia two management models identified during the last century and the future of the modern project, determine their own characteristics and specificities, which respond to the local coexistence of differences and combined developments, especially at the productive and social level. The conflicts over the water resource management are evident at the end of the 20th century, particularly between the management and service provision of the Acequia irrigation service, by the municipal administration of Pedro Moncayo, and the territory´s different service consumers. Deepening their convergence or differences with the same local and provincial institutions that now begin the Cayambe Pedro Moncayo Irrigation Project construction.

Fatores que influenciam no risco de extracusto na execução de projetos atraem a atenção de muitos pesquisadores. Porém, cada estudo disponível na literatura foca seus esforços no entendimento de alguns fatores avaliados como relevantes no contexto do problema daquele estudo e, normalmente, sem considerar as interações entre fatores. Esta lacuna de consideração pode levar a conclusões imprecisas sobre os potenciais danos causados pelos problemas que ocorrem ao longo do ciclo de vida do projeto, prejudicando a assertividade no processo de tomada de decisão e representando potencial risco adicional à performance do projeto. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e integrar, de forma sistêmica, os fatores e respectivas relações causais que influenciam no risco de extracusto de execução em empresas baseadas na venda de projetos. Para tal, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL), e as relações entre os fatores identificados foram integradas em um diagrama causal, por meio de uma abordagem sistêmica. Os resultados obtidos podem contribuir para melhor compreensão do complexo sistema que envolve o fenômeno do extracusto e suportar um processo de tomada de decisão mais assertivo. Ao final, apresentam-se algumas limitações e possibilidades de sequência de estudos, por exemplo, o desenvolvimento de um sistema de predição de risco de extracusto, baseado em Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA).

Probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations are often used to determine a project's completion time given a required probability level. During project execution, schedule changes negatively affect the probability of meeting the project's completion time. A manual trial and error approach is then conducted to find a set of mitigation measures to again arrive at the required probability level. These are then implemented as scheduled activities. The mitigation controller (MitC) proposed in this paper automates the search for finding the most cost-effective set of mitigation measures using multiobjective linear optimization so that the probability of timely completion remains at the required level. It considers different types of uncertainties and risk events in the probabilistic simulation. Moreover, it removes the fundamental modeling error that exists in the traditional probabilistic approach by incorporating human control and adaptive behavior in the simulation. Its usefulness is demonstrated using an illustrative example derived from a recent Dutch construction project in which delay is not permitted. It is shown that the MitC is capable of identifying the most effective mitigation strategies allowing for substantial cost savings.

Due to a lack of suitable methods, extraction of reporting requirements from lengthy construction contracts is often completed manually. Because of this, the time and costs associated with completing reporting requirements are often informally approximated, resulting in underestimations. Without a clear understanding of requirements, contractors are prevented from implementing improvements to reporting workflows prior to project execution. This study developed an automated reporting requirement identification and time–cost prediction framework to overcome this challenge. Reporting requirements are extracted using Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML), and stochastic simulations are used to predict overhead costs and durations associated with report preparation. Functionality and validity of the framework were demonstrated using real contracts, and an accuracy of over 95% was observed. This framework provides a tool to rapidly and efficiently retrieve requirements and quantify the time and costs associated with reporting, in turn providing necessary insights to streamline reporting workflows.

After project agreement and before Starting BIM process, it is recommended to prepare a BIMproject execution plan (PxP or BxP).The BIM plan should outline the overall vision withimplementation details to be as a clear guide to all project stakeholders.The BIM Execution Planis a living document should be developed by the project BIM manager and refined throughout theproject’s life cycle.There are some steps procedure to develop a detailed BIM plan, starting fromidentifying the appropriate BIM goals and uses, designing BIM process maps, and identifying thesupporting infrastructure to successfully implement the plan.The plan should be prepared bydesigner lead company in accordance with all parties’needs, and should be a restricted referenceto be followed by all. قبل البدأ في تنفيذ أي مشروع بواسطة نمذجة معلومات البناء وبعد توقيع العقد مباشرة يجب وضع خطة عمل واضحة وشاملةلتکون دليلا لجميع أطراف المشروع. ويجب الأخذ في الاعتبار أن ھذه الخطة تخضع للتحديث الدوري بواسطة مديرنمذجةمعلومات البناء تبعا لاحتياجات المشروع وظروفھ عبرمراحلھ المختلفة.وتمر خطة الإعداد بعدة مراحل ابتداء من تحديد الھدف والرؤية الشاملة لتنفيذ المشروع بواسطة نمذجة معلومات البناء وحتىصياغة خطة تنفيذ المشروع بنمذجة معلومات البناء لتکون بمثابة مرجع موحد لجميع أطرف المشروع يلتزمون بھ جميعا.

Although foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs) often collaborate with firms in emerging markets to help execute capacity expansion projects, the current literature does not adequately explain what factors influence execution performance of such projects. Drawing on the cultural difference- and partner selection literature we investigate in this paper how cultural distance (CD) between MNE’s home and host nation, and business-group (BG)-affiliation of host country partner influence duration and completion-likelihood of capacity expansion projects. Our analysis reveals that high CD is associated with lower project-duration and greater likelihood of project-completion. Results further suggest that BG-affiliation is associated with greater likelihood of project-completion. In addition, we find that BG-affiliation negatively moderates the relationship between CD and project-duration. These findings are new to the literature and enhances our theoretical and practical understanding of project execution in emerging markets.

This paper considers the problem of temporary shortage of some resources within a project execution period. Mathematical models for two different cases of this problem are established. Semidefinite relaxation technique is applied to get immediate solvent of these models. Relationship between the models and their semidefinite relaxations is studied, and some numerical experiments are implemented, which show that these mathematical models are reasonable and feasible for practice, and semidefinite relaxation can efficiently solve the problem.

2019 marked the start of an active phase of national projects implementation in Russia. The author uses official quantitative data from open sources to examine the features of federal support allocation among Russian regions for national project execution. The methodology and legal framework of federal transfer allocation for national project accomplishment are analyzed. The research shows that in many aspects the regime of grant financing in national projects has a number of advantages and preferences in comparison with the “standard” schemes and approaches. The author proposes formalized approaches to assess the potential impact of federal financial support for national projects on the regional budgets. The article contains recommendations for implementation of wide-purpose grant for national projects funding based on their consolidation and suggestions for optimization of administrative procedures. The author concludes that the allocation of intergovernmental transfers for national projects among regions in general reflects the fiscal capacities of regions and meets the differentiation in budget costs among them. At the same time, some regions increased the revenue base on a larger scale due to the implementation of national projects. On the other hand, it is possible to determine a group of regions with the deficit of current federal aid and preconditions for additional support.

This study aimed to optimize the cost and time of implementation of development projects in residential homes Citraland located in the town of Palu subdistrict villages Mantikulore Tondo. Completion of construction of residential houses has been delayed time of completion of the construction. This leads to greater costs incurred in development projects. Therefore, to solve these problems is necessary to analyze the optimization of project time to determine how long a project is completed. Optimization of costs and project execution time is calculated using the Critical Path Method (CPM). The method is based on the results obtained, namely the normal completion time of the project for 69 weeks with a total cost of Rp. 297,887,212.00. Aftertime optimization through crashing eachthe implementation of the activities of the development to 48 weeks with a total cost of Rp. 350,261,175.00. The probability of completion of project design development using methods Program Evolution and Review Technique (PERT) is great opportunity to complete the project work for 48 weeks amounted to 93.19%

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The main goal of project control is to identify project opportunities or problems during project execution, such that corrective actions can be taken to bring the project in danger back on track when necessary. In this study, we define different scenarios to allocate the limited budget used for the cost of activity execution, delays, and corrective actions, according to the timing and amount of the budget release. A large computational experiment is conducted on real-life project data to evaluate the performance of each scenario. The results show that both the timing and amount of the budget release have an effect on project performance.

Prior research has disagreed on the definition of construction project success and the best way to achieve it. Additionally, there is very little research that takes a practitioner’s viewpo...

Dissertação de Mestrado em Design com a especialização em Design de Comunicação, dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de Mestre A produção de um projecto é dos processos mais importantes na realização do design de comunicação para objectos físicos tais como: embalagens, eventos, editorial, entre outros, na qual, e apesar do entusiasmo da era digital, continuam a existir. Todo o seu processo tem de ser estudado e planeado até ser tornar um objecto físico, existindo determinados aspectos que devem ser considerados com base nas limitações das tecnologias existentes, de modo a ser tomada a decisão mais acertada para o projecto a produzir. O presente relatório com base num estágio na empresa ProdOut Gestão e Produção em Outsourcing, Lda, foca-se no estudo de algumas tecnologias existentes actualmente, estudando as suas características e funcionalidades, bem como o modo de preparação dos materiais digitais para que estes se materializem. O estágio realizado na empresa ProdOut, uma empresa de gestão e implementação dos mais variados projectos, incluindo design, produção e logística, promoveu o desenvolvimento de uma investigação centrada em todo o processo que a produção exige. Acompanhou-se todos os passos, desde a encomenda do projecto pelo cliente até à finalização do mesmo, tendo a investigadora colaborado em variados projectos. Assim, esta investigação iniciou-se por uma pesquisa de literatura sobre as áreas em que a produção gráfica está envolvida, de modo a obter uma melhor percepção sobre as várias tecnologias e materiais existentes, bem como os restantes temas que a produção engloba. Durante esta investigação, pretendeu-se verificar de que maneira um projecto digital se transforma num objecto físico, e todo o percurso a realizar para que isso seja possível. Esta investigação procura ser útil a novos designers, que tenham interesse nesta área e que queiram complementar os seus conhecimentos para além de uma visão projectual, demonstrando todas as fases necessárias e tecnologias no processo da produção gráfica. ABSTRACT: The production process is one of the most important steps in the conception of communication design projects, including advising and monitoring of the projects until their production. There are many aspects needed to be considered and studied limited by existing technologies, in order to make the right decision when it comes to the project in production. This report will be a result of an internship in a company focusing on exhibiting several existing technologies, studying their characteristics and functionality as well the preparation needed and involved in the producing machines. The internship will be held at ProdOut, where graphic production is their main focus. It will be focused on the investigation of the requirements and needs of graphic productions. Accompanying every step involved, since the client project request until the final production, while having an active part in these steps. Thus, this research begins with a literary research in the areas in which graphic production is involved, in order to gain a better insight not only about production, but also about the various existing technologies and materials. Throughout its development, it is intended to verify how a digital project becomes a physical object, and the entire path to make it possible. This research wants to be useful for new designers, who may not have as much knowledge in the area of graphic production, obtaining knowledge of every phase necessary during the graphic production, from beginning to end. N/A

We report results from a study designed to identify links between undergraduate students' views about experimental physics and their engagement in multiweek projects in lab courses. Using surveys and interviews, we explored whether students perceived particular classroom activities to be features of experimental physics practice. We focused on 18 activities, including maintaining lab notebooks, fabricating parts, and asking others for help. Interviewees identified activities related to project execution as intrinsic to experimental physics practice based on high prevalence of those activities in interviewees' own projects. Fabrication-oriented activities were identified as conditional features of experimentation based on differences between projects, which interviewees attributed to variations in project resources. Interpersonal activities were also viewed as conditional features of experimentation, dependent upon one's status as novice or expert. Our findings suggest that students' views about experimental physics are shaped by firsthand experiences of their own projects and secondhand experiences of those of others., 6 pages, 1 table, accepted for publication in 2020 Physics Education Research Conference Proceedings

The use of competition as a conflict-handling style aimed at win-lose end results has been highlighted by some researchers to be common during project execution. However, the impact of such competition on project performance remains largely under-researched. This article seeks to address this gap in the existing literature. A system dynamics simulation model of competition between two key project participants (client and engineering consultant) was formulated through a mixed methods research methodology incorporating the system dynamics approach. Data gathered for two sets of unique projects were used separately to conduct model calibrations, simulation experiments, and impact analyses. The results suggested that the competition negatively influenced project performance.

Purpose While it is common for most C-suite executives to have substantial project responsibilities, many do not have a strong understanding of project management leading to significant failures. As projects are the main mechanisms for implementing changes, project performance has disproportional impact on the competitiveness and viability of organizations. This paper aims to attempt to raise awareness of the Chief Project Officer (CPO) role and lay out important skills and capabilities that are needed for managers to ascend to this role as well as key topics of concern when preparing the mindset to be a successful CPO. Design/methodology/approach The authors have based this research on reviewing publications from the project management journals and publications, interviews of project management professionals and drawing from our industry experience in the field of project management. Findings Most organizations have project managers, either formal or informal, to lead projects. As project environment intensifies across industries, larger organizations rely on a project executives and project management office to oversee projects and performance of C-suite tasks. However, these projects and project management office (PMO) managers often lacks the authority and legitimacy to fully carry out the expected function. This is a clear gap in organizational management, and the gap is growing as more resources are dedicated to projects. Many organizations are equipped with the human resource to develop a CPO, the authors identify five main skills and 20 key topics that are crucial to the success of this vital role. Originality/value While the awareness of the CPO is still in its infancy, most organizations have equivalent or emerging senior project executive roles that may evolve and become CPOs. Today, organizations are increasingly pushed to pursue project-oriented structures to a rapidly changing environment, global market and fast-paced technological advances. It is likely that the CPO role will grow and become a crucial component in top management teams in the coming years to help organizations in moving forward to achieve their strategic goals and objectives.

A robustness measure is an effective tool to evaluate the anti-interference capacity of the construction schedule. However, most research focuses on solution robustness or quality robustness, and few consider a composite robustness criterion, neglecting the bounded rationality of subjective weights and inherent importance and nonlinear intercriteria correlations of objective weights. Therefore, a construction schedule robustness measure based on improved prospect theory and the Copula-criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method is proposed. Firstly, a composite robustness criterion is established, including start time deviation rs and structural deviation rp for measuring solution robustness from project execution and completion probability rc for measuring quality robustness from the project result. Secondly, bounded rationality is considered, using prospect theory to calculate subjective weights, which is improved by the interval distance formula. Thirdly, the Copula-CRITIC method is proposed to determine objective weights incorporating both inherent importance and nonlinear intercriteria correlations. Finally, an information-entropy-based evidence reasoning method is applied to combine subjective and objective weights together while identifying their validity. An underground power station in China is used for a case study, whose robustness is measured using the proposed methods, single robustness criterion, and composite robustness criterion using traditional weighting methods. The comparison results verify the consistency, representativeness, and advantage of the proposed criterion and methods.

Current literature shows that poor cost performance in projects has become routine. Research on cost performance has mostly focused on one of the involved parties, either the client or the contractor. Not many research efforts discuss the cost contingency performance of projects. This research discusses the cost performance and cost contingency of projects in the execution phase from the perspective of a client as well as a contractor. Using a case study approach, 95 projects are investigated: 44 client projects and 51 contractor projects. The results show that depending on the perspective, projects can have cost overruns or cost underruns. Comparing the total realized and estimated costs, projects experienced on average about 16% underrun from a client perspective. From a contractor perspective, projects experienced on average up to 2% overrun. The estimated cost contingency in the client's projects was on average 2.64% more than the required cost contingency. The estimated cost contingency in the contractor's projects was on average 5.41% less than the required cost contingency. These differences are explained by pessimism bias and technical reasons on the client's side. On the contractor side, optimism bias and technical and political reasons play a role, resulting in opportunistic behavior. The findings help practitioners to enhance their cost estimates by avoiding both pessimistic bias and optimism bias behavior - for example, by using historical data from earlier projects. Further investigation into the influence of market conditions on cost estimates is suggested.

Energies : open-access journal of related scientific research, technology development and studies in policy and management / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 13(19), 5072 (2020). doi:10.3390/en13195072 special issue: "Special Issue "Underground Pumped Storage Plants" / Special Issue Editors, Assoc. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Elena Pummer, Guest Editor; Adjunct Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kaspar Vereide, Guest Editor; Prof. Leif Lia, Guest Editor;Prof. Andre Niemann, Guest Editor", Published by MDPI, Basel

Geoinformatics (GI) education is widely used as a spatial visualization-interdisciplinary tools for its ability to understand the geographical phenomenon around us in the past and model the future scenario. Its global importance and usage have made the need of disseminating the education with public and school students. The MSc. Students of different backgrounds at Institute for Geoinformatics in the University of Munster were involved in one of such works through the seminar cum project on ‘Transdisciplinary education in Geoinformatics’ through GI@School Lab with the aim of engaging high school students on applying GI knowledge on Agriculture. The grade 12 students were presented with the ongoing GI empowered research projects at first such that the school students developed the project ideas of their interests to use GI on agricultural sectors based on which MSc students developed 4 different projects and Growth Condition (Sensors) is one of them. This project aims to determine the best suited condition for Salad plants growth based on the size of the Salad leaves measured after monitoring the growth of the plants by planting them on 4 plastic boxes filled with same soil type but in different lighting conditions and water conditions to be measured by the concerned sensors to after the 8 weeks of indoor growth. The project execution week took place as the 5-day workshop and feedbacks were taken as questionnaire surveys from the participated students and concerned teachers for the project evaluation. The sensors-collected data could even serve as the ground truth data of a citizen observatory projects for Copernicus in-situ component. The whole project aims at reducing generational gaps between the students by bringing them the opportunity for knowledge co-creation through transdisciplinary projects on agricultural sector using GI technologies.

With the emergence of digital engineering in the construction context, significant opportunities have arisen for safer project execution. Several studies in recent years have described various applications of digital engineering to improve safety performance. However, what is missing is a systematic review that shows the direct links between the potential of these approaches and how they address the causes of construction accidents. This study is an attempt to fill this gap by conducting a realist systematic review of the literature published since 2012. The study draws from the Loughborough Construction Accident Causation (ConAC) model to create a comprehensive list of accident causes and relates these causes to the identified digital engineering potential, as reflected in the literature. This approach identifies the research gaps and neglected research domains, particularly six endemic problems, within the current digital engineering literature pertaining to safety, while introducing future areas associated with the identified gaps. This study provides useful insights to investigators who gain direction towards the top priorities for future research. In practical terms, the study collates and presents various areas of potential within digital engineering to address the causes of accidents on construction sites, providing a concise source of knowledge for practitioners.