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4. The Effect of Covering Corn Silage with Tomato or Apple Pomace on Fermentation Parameters and Feed Quality.

Author

Ünlü, Hayrullah Bora, Canbolat, Önder, Yerlikaya, Oktay, Esen, Selim, Palangi, Valiollah, and Lackner, Maximilian

Subjects
SILAGE fermentation, FERMENTATION of feeds, PLASTIC films, FEED quality, CORN
Abstract

The current study assessed the effects of covering corn silage with tomato or apple pomace on fermentability and feed quality. The in vitro gas production test was performed using graded 100 mL syringes. Incubation times were 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. In vitro gas generation characteristics were significantly altered by TP (tomato pomace) and AP (apple pomace), both alone and in conjunction with PE (polyethylene) films, regardless of their presence. As a result of the effects found on NH3-N concentration, aerobic stability, and yeast activity, TP and AP have the potential to become an eco-friendly alternative to PE films. The gas production from the immediately soluble fraction (a) of corn silage was only affected when the corn silage was covered with a combination of AP and PE compared to the CPE group (p < 0.001). The largest cluster includes correlations of the DOM-TDDM (r = 0.90), DOM-AA (r = 0.88), and Ash-TDDM (r = 0.86) correlations. The most substantial negative correlations were identified between DM-CO2 (r = −82), DM-Yeast (r = −0.79), and CF-DOM (r = −0.79). Nonetheless, the use of pomace as a silage cover presents an inexpensive alternative to plastic films for silage that does not have the environmental problems associated with persistent micro- and nanoplastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Tannin in Ruminant Nutrition: Review

Author

Besharati, Maghsoud, primary, Maggiolino, Aristide, additional, Palangi, Valiollah, additional, Kaya, Adem, additional, Jabbar, Muhammad, additional, Eseceli, Hüseyin, additional, De Palo, Pasquale, additional, and Lorenzo, Jose M., additional

Published
2022
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26. Effects of Slaughter Age of Holstein Friesian Bulls on Meat Quality: Chemical Composition, Textural Characteristics, Sensory Attributes and Fatty Acid Profile.

Author

Diler, Abdulkerim, Yanar, Mete, Özdemir, Veysel Fatih, Aydin, Recep, Kaynar, Özgür, Palangi, Valiollah, Lackner, Maximilian, and Koçyigit, Rıdvan

Subjects
MEAT quality, ERECTOR spinae muscles, FATTY acids, UNSATURATED fatty acids, ADIPOSE tissues, BULLS, AGE groups
Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of slaughter age (young vs. old), muscle type (Longissimus dorsi (LD), Gluteus medius (GM)) and fat deposits (kidney knob and channel fat, subcutaneous fat, intramuscular fat) on chemical, organoleptic, textural characteristics and fatty acid composition of Holstein Friesian bull meat. For this purpose, the carcasses of 26 Holstein Friesian bulls that had been fattened on the same private farm were assigned to two experimental groups based on their age at slaughter: a young group (YG) (average age: 17.0 ± 1.0 months old) and an old group (OG) (average age: 22.0 ± 1.0 months old). The percentage of crude protein, panel tenderness score, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, the PUFA/SFA ratio and the hypocholesterolemic fatty acid (DFA)/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid (OFA) ratio of the bull carcasses decreased significantly with increasing slaughter age. By contrast, the OFA content of the carcasses significantly increased (p < 0.05) with increasing slaughter age. Advanced slaughter age resulted in lower panel tenderness scores. Additionally, the meat of the bulls in the OG was considered to be less healthy because of the less desirable fatty acid composition and nutritional indices, such as the PUFA/SFA and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratios, compared to the meat from the bulls in the YG. Furthermore, the intramuscular fat and internal fat contained high percentages of PUFA and SFA and high PUFA/SFA and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratios. Interestingly, the percentage of OFA content in the internal and intramuscular fat tissues decreased with increasing slaughter age. In conclusion, this study provided evidence that slaughter age and muscle and fat type are essential sources of variations in the textural characteristics, sensory panel attributes and fatty acid profile of meat from Holstein Friesian bulls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. Application of nanomaterials in animal sciences

Author

DELIR, Shabnam, TAGHIZADEH, Akbar, PAYA, Hamid, and PALANGI, Valiollah

Subjects
Engineering, Mühendislik, Nanomaterials,Ruminants,Growth Performance,Reproduction and Health
Abstract

Nanoscience is one of the newest technologies in the world that is widely used in all fields of science and technology such as agriculture, medicine, pharmacy, environment, etc. One of the reasons for the pervasiveness of this technology in all sciences is related to its cross-science nature. This technology has received more attention in recent years due to its low cost, better and faster performance, high stability, and high repeatability. With this technology, farmers can have animals of superior breed and high production and experience the best performance by minimizing various diseases and have a high efficiency of milk and meat production at a lower cost.

Published
2021

28. The role of nano-vaccines in animal science and health

Author

NIAZIFAR, Masoumeh, TAGHIZADEH, Akbar, and PALANGI, Valiollah

Subjects
Engineering, Mühendislik, Bio-available,DNA vaccines,Nanotechnology,Nanovaccines,Nanoparticle Performance,Livestock Nutrition
Abstract

In recent years, researchers from various fields have tried to use them because of the increasing growth of nanotechnology. Technological applications in animal health have been a significant problem. However, it has overturned into a recent enabling technique over the years, with the vast possibility of transformation, and has potentially developed solutions. Nanotechnologies offer a wide range of prescription drugs for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and reproduction. Nano-vaccines have emerged as a novel method of vaccination and are many more effective than traditional vaccines. Nano-vaccines trigger immune responses in the bloodstream and cells and prevent the spread of infection by destroying infectious agents by controlling the immune system. Also, advances have been reported in developing DNA-based vaccines for many diseases compared to conventional therapies. Objective: This review article aims to gather the materials and research that has been done to clarify the potential roles of nano-vaccines on animal health and their potential benefits and risks.

Published
2021

29. Genetic Improvement and Nutrigenomic Management of Ruminants to Achieve Enteric Methane Mitigation: A Review.

Author

Kader Esen, Vasfiye, Palangi, Valiollah, and Esen, Selim

Subjects
PLANT nutrients, METHANE, RUMEN (Ruminants), DNA sequencing, METHANOGENS
Abstract

A significant portion of global greenhouse gas emissions is attributed to methane (CH4), the primary greenhouse gas released by dairy animals. Thus, livestock farming has a new challenge in reducing enteric CH4 for sustainability. In anaerobic microbial ecosystems such as the rumen, carbohydrates are converted into short-chain, volatile fatty acids that animals use for energy and protein synthesis. It is, therefore, essential to understand rumen physiology, population dynamics, and diversity to target methanogens. Thus far, numerous CH4 mitigation strategies have been studied, including feeding management, nutrition, rumen modification, genetics, and other approaches for increasing animal production. As new molecular techniques are developed, scientists have more opportunities to select animals with higher genetic merit through next-generation sequencing. The amount of CH4 produced per unit of milk or meat can be permanently and cumulatively reduced through genetic selection. Developing eco-friendly and practical nutrigenomic approaches to mitigating CH4 and increasing ruminant productivity is possible using next-generation sequencing techniques. Therefore, this review summarizes current genetic and nutrigenomic approaches to reducing enteric CH4 production without posing any danger to animals or the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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30. Determining the effect of natural inhibitors on sesame meal degradability using in vitro three step method

Author

Besharati, Maghsoud, Palangi, Valiollah, Taghizadeh, Akbar, Kaya, Adem, and Abachi, Soheila

Subjects
animal structures, monenzin, tanin, esencijalno ulje cimeta, sezamovo brašno, razgradnja u tri koraka, monensin, tannic acid, cinnamon essential oil, sesame meal, three step degradability
Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the beneficial effect of monensin, tannic acid and cinnamon essential oil addition on sesame meal degradability by the three-step in vitro method. The effect of experimental additives on the degradability of sesame meal in the rumen, after rumen and in the whole gastrointestinal tract was significant (P, Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti pozitivni učinak dodatka monenzina, tanina i esencijalnog ulja cimeta na razgradivost sezama in vitro metodom u tri koraka. Pronađen je znakovit učinak pokusnih dodataka na razgradivost sezama u buragu, a zatim i u cijelom gastrointestinalnom traktu (P < 0,05). In vitro buražna i intestinalna probavljivost sirovih bjelančevina sezama s pokusnim dodacima bila je od 76 do 84 %, odnosno 49 do 60 %. Intestinalna razgradivost sirove bjelančevine povećala se s dodatkom esencijalnog ulja cimeta (oko 10 %). Dodatak monenzina, tanina i esencijalnog ulja cimeta znakovito je povećao razgradivost neutralnih vlakana deterdženta (NDF) i kiselih vlakana deterdženta (ADF) u buragu, crijevima i cijelom gastrointestinalnom traktu. Rezultati su pokazali da esencijalno ulje cimeta (125 mg/L) povećava razgradivost suhe tvari (DM), organske tvari (OM), sirovog proteina (CP), ADF-a i NDF-a u buragu, a zatim i u cijelom probavnom sustavu u usporedbi s drugim pokusnim postupcima (P < 0,05). Rezultati su pokazali da dodatak tanina (100 mg/L) smanjuje razgradnju sirovog proteina u buragu, a povećava njegovu razgradnju u dijelu probavnog trakta nakon buraga (P < 0,05).

Published
2021

32. Lactobacillus Buchneri Aşılaması ve Taze Peynir Altı Suyu İlavesinin Yonca Silajı Kalitesi ile Fermantasyon Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Author

BESHARATI, Maghsoud, PALANGI, Valiollah, NEKOO, Mojtaba, and AYAŞAN, Tugay

Subjects
fluids and secretions, Ziraat, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, fungi, food and beverages, Agriculture, Lactobacillus buchneri,Yonca silajı,Peynir altı suyu,Aerobik kararlılık,Silaj kalitesi, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Alfalfa silage,Fresh whey,Lactobacillus buchneri,Aerobic stability,Silage quality
Abstract

Bu çalışmada, farklı seviyelerde taze peynir altı suyu ve Lactobacillus buchneri aşılamasının yonca silajının besin özellikleri ve aerobik stabilite üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deneme, 90 gün boyunca 8 muamele ve 3 tekerrür ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede şu gruplar oluşturulmuştur: Pörsütülmüş yonca (kontrol), Pörsütülmüş yonca + bakteri aşılaması (AB), Pörsütülmüş yonca +30 g taze peynir altı suyu / kg (SYP), Pörsütülmüş yonca + 30 g taze peynir altı suyu + bakteri aşılaması (SYP1B), Pörsütülmüş yonca + 60 g/kg taze peynir altı suyu (SYP2), Pörsütülmüş yonca + 60 g/kg peynir altı suyu + bakteri aşılaması (SYP2B), Pörsütülmüş yonca + 90 g/kg peynir altı suyu (SYP3) ve Pörsütülmüş yonca + 90 g taze peynir altı suyu + bakteri aşılaması (SYP3B). Araştırma sonunda, muamelelerin pH değerlerinin 4.86'nın altında olduğu, ancak kontrol pH'ının diğer uygulamalara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (P, This study was aimed to determine the effects of different levels of fresh whey and Lactobacillus buchneri inoculation on the nutrient properties and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage. Experiment was conducted with 8 treatments and 3 replicates for 90 days. Treatments included wilted alfalfa (control), wilted alfalfa + bacterial inoculant (AB), wilted alfalfa +30 g whey/kg (AW1), wilted alfalfa + 30 g whey + bacterial inoculant (AW1B), wilted alfalfa + 60 g whey per kg (AW2), wilted alfalfa + 60 g whey per kg + bacterial inoculant (AW2B), wilted alfalfa + 90 g whey per kg (AW3) and wilted alfalfa + 90 g whey + bacterial inoculant (AW3B). Results showed that, the pH values of treatments were found less than 4.86 but the control pH was higher in comparison with other treatments (P

Published
2020

33. Influence of nitrate supplementation on in-vitromethane emission, milk production, ruminal fermentation, and microbial methanotrophs in dairy cows fed at two forage levels

Author

Sharifi, Majid, Taghizadeh, Akbar, Hosseinkhani, Ali, Palangi, Valiollah, Macit, Muhlis, Salem, Abdelfattah Z. M., Elghndour, Mona M.M.Y., and Abachi, Soheila

Abstract

Modifying the chemical composition of a diet can be a good strategy for reducing methane emission in the rumen. However, this strategy can have adverse effects on the ruminal microbial flora. The aim of our study was to reduce methane without disturbing ruminal function by stimulating the growth and propagation of methanotrophs. In this study, we randomly divided twenty multiparous Holstein dairy cows into 4 groups in a 2×2 factorial design with two forage levels (40% and 60%) and two nitrate supplementation levels (3.5% and zero). We examined the effect of experimental diets on cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and changes of ruminal microbial flora throughout the experimental period (45-day). Additionally, in vitromethane emission was evaluated. Animals fed diet with 60% forage had greater dry matter intake (DMI) and milk fat content, but lower lactose and milk urea content compared with those fed 40% forage diet. Moreover, nitrate supplementation had no significant effect on DMI and milk yield. Furthermore, the interactions showed that nitrate reduces DMI and milk fat independently of forage levels. Our findings showed that nitrate can increase ammonia concentration, pH, nitrite, and acetate while reducing the total volatile fatty acids concentration, propionate, and butyrate in the rumen. With increasing nitrate, methane emission was considerably decreased possibly due to the stimulated growth of Fibrobacteria, Proteobacteria, type II Methanotrophs, and Methanoperedense nitroreducens, especially with high forage level. Overall, nitrate supplementation could potentially increase methane oxidizing microorganisms without adversely affecting cattle performance.

Published
2022
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35. Baklagil kaba yemlerini organik asitlerle işlemenin In vitro gaz üretimi, rumen fermantasyonu ve metan üretimi üzerine etkisi

Author

Palangi, Valiollah, Macit, Muhlis, and Zootekni Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Ziraat, Agriculture
Abstract

Bu çalışma, değişik organik asitlerin, bireysel ve kombinasyonlarının (Fumarik Asit (Fu), Malik Asit (Ma), Formik Asit (Fo), Fu + Ma, Fu + Fo, Fo + Ma ve Fu + Ma + Fo) yonca (Medicago polymorphia), ak üçgül (Trifolium repens) ve tüylü fiğ (Vicia villosa)'in in vitro koşullarda gaz ve metan (CH4) üretimi ile rumen sıvısı uçucu yağ asitleri (UYA), organik madde sindirimi (OMS), metabolik enerji (ME) ve net enerji laktasyon (NEL) düzeyine etkilerinin saptanması amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Çalışmada yaklaşık 2 yaşlı 2 baş İvesi koç kullanılmıştır. Yem materyali olarak Erzurum il merkez ilçesi mer'alarından toplanan yonca (Medicago polymorphia), ak üçgül (Trifolium repens) ve tüylü fiğ (Vicia villosa) otu oluşturmuştur. Yemlerin in vitro gaz üretimlerinin ölçülmesinde Hohenheim gas testi kullanılmış ve gaz ölçümleri sırasıyla 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 ve 96. saat aralıklarla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, yemler x organik asit interaksiyonlarının baklagil yem bitkilerinin farklı inkübasyon saatlerinde tespit edilen in vitro gaz üretim miktarları, ME, NEL ve OMS değerleri ile rumen sıvısı toplam ve bireysel uçucu yağ asitleri ve inkübasyonun 24. saatinde ölçülen metan gazı değerleri üzerine etkileri önemli bulunmuştur (p

Published
2019

36. Application of nanotechnology in animal nutrition

Author

SHEIKHALIPOUR, Anna, TAGHIZADEH, Akbar, HOSSEINKHANI, Ali, and PALANGI, Valiollah

Subjects
Engineering, Nanotechnology,Nanoparticle Performance,Rumen Fermentation,Livestock Nutrition, Mühendislik
Abstract

In recent years, nanotechnology has gained much attention within the scientific community in many countries. Nano mechanism is no longer a connotation or notion for the modern scientist only, but it has overturned into a recent enabling technique over the years, with the huge possibility of transformation. The field of cultivation and domestic animal so evolved in these sections can be conveyed to avian and animal offspring systems with the aim enhancement production efficiency and meeting human needs for quality poultry and animal products. As a result of the small size of nanoparticles, their passage is very fast through the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, creating many important effects in various body systems, which provides the opportunity for researchers to deal with nanomaterials bystudying many veterinary fields, including production, reproduction, disease control, dealing with biological materials such as the study of DNA and cellular molecules.

Published
1922

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