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Introduction- Thyroid hormone, namely thyroid releasing hormone, plays a critical role in maintaining cardiovascular system function, homeostasis and cardiac hemodynamics. This raises the risk of cardiovascular death, coronary artery disease, and hypertension. However, the relationship between abnormal thyroid function and cardiovascular consequences is still unclear. Thus, this study was done to look at any potential differences in thyroid profile in acute coronary syndromes. Material and method- The current study was a prospective cross-sectional hospital based study conducted on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. After applying exclusion and inclusion criteria, a total of 200 AMI patients were enrolled with consent from all the participants. Following a 12-hour overnight fast, serum T3, T4 and TSH levels and other biochemical markers were measured using commercial kits. A complete data regarding demographical, clinical and physical examination along with electrocardiogram were noted. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS software considering p-value less than 0.05 as statistically significant. Result- The present study showed male dominance with 51-60years age group to be more prone to AMI in both the genders. There was a significant correlation between patients' age and gender with the incidence of AMI. The subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) was observed in 16% and euthyroid was seen in 84% AMI patients. The most common comorbidity associated with AMI was hypertension along with STEMI as the major type of MI found in both SCH and euthyroid group. Males and age group 51-60years were seen to be more affected in both SCH and euthyroid group. The association between the demographic and clinical profile of AMI patients with the type of thyroid dysfunction was not significant. Conclusion- The findings of this study suggest that hypothyroidism and AMI may be related, predicting greater risk of thrombosis and hemorrhage in moderate and severe hypothyroidism respectively. Therefore, thyroid hormones should be monitored in middle-aged population for an early detection of cardiac involvement and for better care of AMI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of clinical and metabolic abnormalities including abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and impaired fasting glucose/or impaired glucose tolerance. Metabolic syndrome and thyroid dysfunction are independent risk factors for the cardiovascular disease. Aims and Objectives: To study the prevalence, symptomatology of thyroid dysfunction and FNAC findings of thyroid in the patients having metabolic syndrome. Material and Method: The study was carried out in 60 cases of metabolic syndrome (according to NCEP ATP III criteria) selected from the medicine outdoor clinic (including diabetic clinics, thyroid clinics) and medicine indoor wards. Diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction was made by history, examination and serum FT4 and TSH. Result and Observation: Out of 60 patients of metabolic syndrome 30 patients (50%) were euthyroid, 13 patients (21.66%) had subclinical hypothyroid and 12 patients (30%) had overt hypothyroid. 5 patients (8.33%) of metabolic syndrome had hyperthyroidism. Truncal obesity was most prevalent (80.0%) component of metabolic syndrome, next was hypertriglyceridemia (70%). Diabetes mellitus was equally prevalent in both males as well as females and was present in about 40.0% patients and 53% of patients with metabolic syndrome were hypertensive. Conclusion: This study shows that 50% metabolic syndrome patients had thyroid dysfunction.in the form of 21.66% subclinical hypothyroidism, 20% overt hypothyroidism and 8.33% were having hyperthyroidism. The most common symptom in metabolic syndrome patients with hypothyroidism was lethargy / sleepiness followed by dry and coarse skin. The most common symptom in hyperthyroid patients was nervousness (100%) followed by sweating, heat intolerance and palpitation in 80% of the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Ram. Niwas, Gopal. Chawla, Nishant. Chauhan, Swati. Chabbra Sir, A 58-year-old chronic smoker presented with progressive respiratory distress, facial puffiness and stridor for 20 days. Examination revealed facial plethora, [...]

Uterine torsion is an unusual and potentially serious problem in pregnant she-dogs. This case documents the surgical treatment of uterine rupture associated with torsion of uterus in a she-dog presented on the 68th day of pregnancy. The bitch was given Oxytocin therapy by local paravet staff. The pregnancy was confirmed by radiological examination and dead foetuses were observed in trans-abdominal ultrasonography. Therefore, laparahystorotomy was planned. Upon exploration of abdominal cavity, torsion was observed over the uterine body and just adjacent to uterine torsion, there was evidence of rupture. Therefore, laparahysterectomy was performed. The post-operative care included broad spectrum antibiotics, anti-histaminics, anti-inflammatory drugs and fluid therapy. The bitch had uneventful recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) of maize, caused by Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs., is an important foliar disease common across maize-producing areas of the world, including Bihar, India. In this study, virulence and distribution of races were observed against Ht-resistant genes and also identified the E. turcicum race population distribution in Bihar. For that, 45 E. turcicum isolates were collected from maize fields in Bhagalpur, Begusarai, Khagaria, Katihar and Samastipur districts between 2020 and 2022. These isolates were screened on maize differential lines containing Ht1, Ht2, Ht3 and HtN1 resistance genes. Five different physiological races were observed based on the symptoms response of the differential maize lines. These races are race 0, race 1, race 3, race 23N and race 123N. E. turcicum race 3 was the most prevalent race having 26.6% frequency followed by race 0 (24.4%) and race 1 (22.2%) and the least prevalent races were race 23N and 123N having 13.3% each. Varied resistance response of different isolates was observed on differential lines having different resistant genes. Despite the fact that virulence was seen against all Ht resistance genes, NCLB control might be increased by combining qualitative Ht resistance genes with quantitative resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In India smoking is a common habit prevalent in both urban and rural areas irrespective of mode of smoking i.e., cigarettes, bidis, pipes, cigar, hookah etc., Spirometry can be helpful to determine effects of smoking on pulmonary functions. We aimed to study the effect of smoking on the pulmonary function tests. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 300 subjects including 150 smokers and 150 non-smokers aged between 25 and 60 years attending a tertiary health care center in northern part of our country. Quantification of tobacco smoking was performed by calculating smoking index. All the study subjects underwent spirometry. Results: All the spirometric variables (FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEF 25-75%) were lower in smokers as compared to non-smokers and this difference was statistically significant. 76% of the smokers had obstructive, 10.7% had normal, 6.7% had restrictive, and 6.7% had mixed pattern on spirometry. 65.3% of the non-smokers had normal, 28.7% had obstructive and 6% had restrictive pattern on spirometry. Conclusion: Almost all the pulmonary function parameters were significantly reduced in smokers compared to non-smokers and obstructive impairment was common amongst smokers. As early quitting is associated with improved survival, it is important that these asymptomatic smokers are identified early and helped to quit. Primary care physicians being the first point of contact, can play a major role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pluriparous Murrah buffalo was presented with vaginal tear over fornix vagina along with post-partum prolapse of uterus, cervix and urinary bladder. The case was managed by suturing of vaginal wall after repositioning the prolapsed mass. The catheterization of urinary bladder and modified Buhner's sutures through vulvar lips were applied to prevent the recurrence of the condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheat is a major food grain crop of main agricultural region i.e. northern plain of India. Haryana state holds a premium position in wheat production (Rabi Season) in the country. Pre-harvest yield estimation of wheat has key role in policy framing. In Haryana, Agriculture is a big support to its economy which continues to occupy a prominent position in State GDP. In present research, Agromet-Spectrals models have been developed for this purpose i.e.yield estimation in Haryana with the help of input data such as meteorological indices and satellite based NDVI(NASA's-MODIS) from 2000-2017. Empirical models were developed for predicting wheat yield for Hisar and Karnal districts representation the two agro-climatic zone of state in Haryana, India. The models were developed used weather variable (Temperature (Minimum and Maximum), Relative Humidity (Morning and Evening) and Rainfall) and spectral indices Normalized Difference Vegetative Index viz. Agromet-model(weather model) and Agromet-spectral model (MODIS-NDVI). Weather or Agromet model was integrated with NDVI values for both location to enhanced the accuracy of models. Regression models were developed using significant weather variables and NDVI data for wheat yield prediction at both location. The result revealed that the models when integrated with remote sensing data (NDVI) gave better prediction as compared to agromet model that depends only on weather variables. Agrometmodels (adjusted R2 = 0.38 to 0.78) whereas satellite data based NDVI i.e. MODIS-NDVI for both stationgave best result (Adjusted R2 = 0.61-0.86) as compared to weather models. MODIS-NDVI pixel based values observed to be more effective for wheat yield predication in integrated with weather parameters. This study could help the provincial government of Haryana as well as in northern plains in estimation of yield prior harvest at first week of April by using weather spectral (NDVI-MODIS) models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]