1,471 results on '"Morris, K."'
Search Results
2. Formal verification and validation of run-to-completion style state charts using Event-B
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Morris, K., Snook, C., Hoang, T. S., Hulette, G., Armstrong, R., and Butler, M.
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- 2022
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3. Distal jejunal obstruction due to Cryptococcus neoformans and rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection: A case report
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John Kasibante, Enock Kagimu, Morris K. Rutakingirwa, Samuel Jjunju, Lillian Tugume, and David B. Meya
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Intestinal cryptococcosis ,Cryptococcal-TB co-Infection ,Jejunal obstruction ,Rifampicin resistance ,HIV ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Jejunal obstruction secondary to Cryptococcus neoformans and rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection in HIV is not previously reported. This is a case of a 30-year-old HIV-positive male with severe headaches, a positive cerebrospinal fluid cryptococcal antigen assay, and elevated intracranial pressure requiring serial lumbar punctures and opioids. He developed constipation and abdominal distension, had partial jejunectomy and histopathology revealed Cryptococcus yeasts and caseous granulomas with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). Post-operatively, rifampicin-resistant TB was detected in urine.
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- 2022
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4. Cost-effectiveness of single, high-dose, liposomal amphotericin regimen for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in five countries in sub-Saharan Africa: an economic analysis of the AMBITION-cm trial
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Goodall, Jack, Lechiile, Kwana, Mawoko, Norah, Mbangiwa, Tshepiso, Milburn, James, Mmipi, Refilwe, Ponatshego, Ponego, Rulaganyang, Ikanyang, Seatla, Kaelo, Siamisang, Keatlaretse, Tlhako, Nametso, Tsholo, Katlego, April, Samantha, Bekiswa, Abulele, Boloko, Linda, Bookholane, Hloni, Crede, Thomas, Davids, Lee-Ann, Goliath, Rene, Hlungulu, Siphokazi, Hoffman, Regina, Kyepa, Henriette, Masina, Noma, Maughan, Deborah, Mnguni, Trevor, Moosa, Sumaiyya, Morar, Tania, Mpalali, Mkanyiseli, Naude, Jonathan, Oliphant, Ida, Singh, Achita, Sayed, Sumaya, Sebesho, Leago, Shey, Muki, Swanepoel, Loraine, Chasweka, Madalitso, Chimang'anga, Wezi, Chimphambano, Tipatseni, Gondwe, Ebbie, Mzinganjira, Henry, Kadzilimbile, Aubrey, Kateta, Steven, Kossam, Evelyn, Kukacha, Christopher, Lipenga, Bright, Ndaferankhande, John, Ndalama, Maureen, Shah, Reya, Singini, Andreas, Stott, Katherine, Zambasa, Agness, Banda, Towera, Chikaonda, Tarsizio, Chitulo, Gladys, Chiwoko, Lorren, Chome, Nelecy, Gwin, Mary, Kachitosi, Timothy, Kamanga, Beauty, Kazembe, Mussah, Kumwenda, Emily, Kumwenda, Masida, Maya, Chimwemwe, Mhango, Wilberforce, Mphande, Chimwemwe, Msumba, Lusungu, Munthali, Tapiwa, Ngoma, Doris, Nicholas, Simon, Simwinga, Lusayo, Stambuli, Anthony, Tegha, Gerald, Zambezi, Janet, Ahimbisibwe, Cynthia, Akampurira, Andrew, Alice, Anamudde, Cresswell, Fiona, Gakuru, Jane, Kagimu, Enock, Kasibante, John, Kiiza, Daniel, Kisembo, John, Kwizera, Richard, Kugonza, Florence, Laker, Eva, Luggya, Tonny, Lule, Andrew, Musubire, Abdu, Muyise, Rhona, Namujju, Carol Olivie, Ndyetukira, Jane Francis, Nsangi, Laura, Okirworth, Michael, Rhein, Joshua, Rutakingirwa, Morris K, Sadiq, Alisat, Ssebambulidde, Kenneth, Tadeo, Kiiza, Tukundane, Asmus, Atwine, Leo, Buzaare, Peter, Collins, Muganzi, Emily, Ninsima, Inyakuwa, Christine, Kariisa, Samson, Mwesigye, James, Nuwamanya, Simpson, Rodgers, Ankunda, Rukundo, Joan, Rwomushana, Irene, Ssemusu, Mike, Stead, Gavin, Boyd, Kathyrn, Gondo, Secrecy, Kufa, Prosper, Makaha, Edward, Moyo, Colombus, Mtisi, Takudzwa, Mudzinga, Shepherd, Mutata, Constantine, Mwarumba, Taddy, Zinyandu, Tawanda, Alanio, Alexandre, Dromer, Francoise, Lortholary, Olivier, Sturny-Leclere, Aude, Griffin, Philippa, Hafeez, Sophia, Loyse, Angela, van Widenfelt, Erik, Lawrence, David S, Muthoga, Charles, Meya, David B, Tugume, Lillian, Williams, Darlisha, Rajasingham, Radha, Boulware, David R, Mwandumba, Henry C, Moyo, Melanie, Dziwani, Eltas N, Maheswaran, Hendramoorthy, Kanyama, Cecilia, Hosseinipour, Mina C, Chawinga, Chimwemwe, Meintjes, Graeme, Schutz, Charlotte, Comins, Kyla, Bango, Funeka, Muzoora, Conrad, Jjunju, Samuel, Nuwagira, Edwin, Mosepele, Mosepele, Leeme, Tshepo, Ndhlovu, Chiratidzo E, Hlupeni, Admire, Shamu, Shepherd, Boyer-Chammard, Timothée, Molloy, Síle F, Youssouf, Nabila, Chen, Tao, Shiri, Tinevimbo, Jaffar, Shabbar, Harrison, Thomas S, Jarvis, Joseph N, and Niessen, Louis W
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- 2022
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5. Attaining freshwater and estuarine-water soil saturation in an ecosystem-scale coastal flooding experiment
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Hopple, A. M., Doro, K. O., Bailey, V. L., Bond-Lamberty, B., McDowell, N., Morris, K. A., Myers-Pigg, A., Pennington, S. C., Regier, P., Rich, R., Sengupta, A., Smith, R., Stegen, J., Ward, N. D., Woodard, S. C., and Megonigal, J. P.
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- 2023
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6. Predictors of stunting among children aged 6-59 months in Kitui County, Kenya.
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Chui, Morris K., Osero, Justus O., and Mugo, Judy W.
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- 2024
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7. Evaluation of the initial 12 months of a routine cryptococcal antigen screening program in reduction of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in Uganda
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Kagimu Enock, Kiwanuka Julius, Bridget C. Griffith, Derrick Bary Abila, Morris K. Rutakingirwa, John Kasibante, Kiiza Tadeo Kandole, Richard Kwizera, Aggrey Semeere, and David B. Meya
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Asymptomatic Cryptococcal Antigenemia (CrAg) patients develop meningitis within a month of testing positive. Pre-emptive antifungal therapy can prevent progression to Cryptococcal meningitis (CM). In April 2016, a national CrAg screening program was initiated in 206 high-volume health facilities that provide antiretroviral therapy in Uganda. We report the evaluation of the CrAg screening cascade focusing on linkage to care, fluconazole therapy for 10 weeks and 6 months follow up, and ART initiation in a subset of facilities. Methods We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional survey of patients with CD4
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- 2022
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8. Circular Economy: A Product Life Cycle Perspective on Engineering and Manufacturing Practices
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Reslan, Maya, Last, Noah, Mathur, Nehika, Morris, K C, and Ferrero, Vincenzo
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- 2022
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9. Tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) to prevent tuberculosis co-infection among adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: A clinician’s perspective
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Kasibante, John, Rutakingirwa, Morris K., Kagimu, Enock, Ssebambulidde, Kenneth, Ellis, Jayne, Tugume, Lillian, Mpoza, Edward, Cresswell, Fiona, and Meya, David B.
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- 2020
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10. Foreword
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Morris, K, Yelick, KA, Zheng, Y, Filippone, S, Bradford, L, and Long, B
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- 2017
11. Modeling an elastic beam with piezoelectric patches by including magnetic effects
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Ozer, A. O. and Morris, K. A.
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,Physics - Classical Physics ,35M32, 93D15, 70Q05 - Abstract
Models for piezoelectric beams using Euler-Bernoulli small displacement theory predict the dynamics of slender beams at the low frequency accurately but are insufficient for beams vibrating at high frequencies or beams with low length-to-width aspect ratios. A more thorough model that includes the effects of rotational inertia and shear strain, Mindlin-Timoshenko small displacement theory, is needed to predict the dynamics more accurately for these cases. Moreover, existing models ignore the magnetic effects since the magnetic effects are relatively small. However, it was shown recently \cite{O-M1} that these effects can substantially change the controllability and stabilizability properties of even a single piezoelectric beam. In this paper, we use a variational approach to derive models that include magnetic effects for an elastic beam with two piezoelectric patches actuated by different voltage sources. Both Euler-Bernoulli and Mindlin-Timoshenko small displacement theories are considered. Due to the magnetic effects, the equations are quite different from the standard equations., Comment: 3 figures. 2014 American Control Conference Proceedings
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- 2014
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12. Nanomedicine for the SARS-CoV-2: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects
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Varahachalam SP, Lahooti B, Chamaneh M, Bagchi S, Chhibber T, Morris K, Bolanos JF, Kim NY, and Kaushik A
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covid-19 ,sars-cov-2 viral infcetion ,nanomedicine ,personalized covid-19 management ,drug delivery. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Sree Pooja Varahachalam,1 Behnaz Lahooti,1 Masoumeh Chamaneh,1 Sounak Bagchi,1 Tanya Chhibber,1 Kevin Morris,2 Joe F Bolanos,3 Nam-Young Kim,4 Ajeet Kaushik5 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC), Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; 2Maharashtra University of Health Sciences (MUHS), Nashik, Maharashtra 422004, India; 3Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud “Dr.Luis Edmundo Vasquez” Santa Tecla, Universidad Dr. Jose Matias Delgado, Cd Merliot, El Salvador; 4RFIC Bio Center, Department of Electronics Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea; 5NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art, and Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 3385, USACorrespondence: Ajeet KaushikNanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art, and Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 3385, USAEmail akaushik@floridapoly.eduAbstract: The newly emerged ribonucleic acid (RNA) enveloped human beta-coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection caused the COVID-19 pandemic, severely affects the respiratory system, and may lead to death. Lacking effective diagnostics and therapies made this pandemic challenging to manage since the SARS-CoV-2 transmits via human-to-human, enters via ACE2 and TMPSSR2 receptors, and damages organs rich in host cells, spreads via symptomatic carriers and is prominent in an immune-compromised population. New SARS-CoV-2 informatics (structure, strains, like-cycles, functional sites) motivated bio-pharma experts to investigate novel therapeutic agents that act to recognize, inhibit, and knockdown combinations of drugs, vaccines, and antibodies, have been optimized to manage COVID-19. However, successful targeted delivery of these agents to avoid off-targeting and unnecessary drug ingestion is very challenging. To overcome these obstacles, this mini-review projects nanomedicine technology, a pharmacologically relevant cargo of size within 10 to 200 nm, for site-specific delivery of a therapeutic agent to recognize and eradicate the SARS-CoV-2, and improving the human immune system. Such combinational therapy based on compartmentalization controls the delivery and releases of a drug optimized based on patient genomic profile and medical history. Nanotechnology could help combat COVID-19 via various methods such as avoiding viral contamination and spraying by developing personal protective equipment (PPE) to increase the protection of healthcare workers and produce effective antiviral disinfectants surface coatings capable of inactivating and preventing the virus from spreading. To quickly recognize the infection or immunological response, design highly accurate and sensitive nano-based sensors. Development of new drugs with improved activity, reduced toxicity, and sustained release to the lungs, as well as tissue targets; and development of nano-based immunizations to improve humoral and cellular immune responses. The desired and controlled features of suggested personalized therapeutics, nanomedicine, is a potential therapy to manage COVID-19 successfully. The state-of-the-art nanomedicine, challenges, and prospects of nanomedicine are carefully and critically discussed in this report, which may serve as a key platform for scholars to investigate the role of nanomedicine for higher efficacy to manage the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, nanomedicine, personalized COVID-19 management, drug delivery
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- 2021
13. Understanding the local structure of Eu3+- and Y3+-stabilized zirconia: insights from luminescence and X-ray absorption spectroscopic investigations
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Eibl, M., Shaw, S., Prieur, D., Rossberg, A., Wilding, M. C., Hennig, C., Morris, K., Rothe, J., Stumpf, T., and Huittinen, N.
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- 2020
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14. A decision support methodology for integrated machining process and operation plans for sustainability and productivity assessment
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Hatim, Qais Y., Saldana, Christopher, Shao, Guodong, Kim, Duck Bong, Morris, K. C., Witherell, Paul, Rachuri, Sudarsan, and Kumara, Soundar
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- 2020
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15. Modeling and stabilizability of voltage-actuated piezoelectric beams with magnetic effects
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Morris, K. A. and Ozer, A. O.
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,35M33, 93C20, 93B52, 70Q05 - Abstract
Models for piezoelectric beams and structures with piezoelectric patches generally ignore magnetic effects. This is because the magnetic energy has a relatively small effect on the overall dynamics. Piezoelectric beam models are known to be exactly observable, and can be exponentially stabilized in the energy space by using a mechanical feedback controller. In this paper, a variational approach is used to derive a model for a piezoelectric beam that includes magnetic effects. It is proven that the partial differential equation model is well-posed. Magnetic effects have a strong effect on the stabilizability of the control system. For almost all system parameters the piezoelectric beam can be strongly stabilized, but is not exponentially stabilizable in the energy space. Strong stabilization is achieved using only electrical feedback. Furthermore, using the same electrical feedback, an exponentially stable closed-loop system can be obtained for a set of system parameters of zero Lebesgue measure. These results are compared to those of a beam without magnetic effects., Comment: 29 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
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- 2013
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16. Inter-comparison of reflectivity measurements between GPM DPR and NEXRAD radars
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Keem, Munsung, Seo, Bong-Chul, Krajewski, Witold F., and Morris, K. Robert
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- 2019
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17. Prognostic value of circulating tumour cells in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: analysis of the concurrent once-daily versus twice-daily radiotherapy (CONVERT) randomised controlled trial
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Tay, R.Y., Fernández-Gutiérrez, F., Foy, V., Burns, K., Pierce, J., Morris, K., Priest, L., Tugwood, J., Ashcroft, L., Lindsay, C.R., Faivre-Finn, C., Dive, C., and Blackhall, F.
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- 2019
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18. Isoprene hotspots at the Western Coast of Antarctic Peninsula during MASEC′16
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Nadzir, M.S.M., Cain, M., Robinson, A.D., Bolas, C., Harris, N.R.P., Parnikoza, I., Salimun, E., Mustafa, E.M., Alhasa, K.M., Zainuddin, M.H.M., Ghee, O.C., Morris, K., Khan, M.F., Latif, M.T., Wallis, B.M., Cheah, W., Zainudin, S.K., Yusop, N., Ahmad, M.R., Hussin, W.M.R.W., Salleh, S.M., Hamid, H.H.A., Lai, G.T., Uning, R., Bakar, M.A.A., Ariff, N.M., Tuah, Z., Wahab, M.I.A., Foong, S.Y., Samah, A.A., Chenoli, S.N., Wan Johari, W.L., Zain, C.R.C.M., Rahman, N.A., Rosenstiel, T.N., Yusoff, A.H., Sabuti, A.A., Alias, S.A., and Noor, A.Y.M.
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- 2019
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19. 'False negative' CSF cryptococcal antigen with clinical meningitis: Case reports and review of literature
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Morris K. Rutakingirwa, Tadeo K. Kiiza, and Joshua Rhein
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Cryptococcal meningitis ,Lateral flow assay ,Prozone effect ,HIV ,Cryptococcosis ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
There is an increasing recognition of patients presenting with cryptococcal meningitis despite having a negative CSF cryptococcal antigen (CrAg). In this report, we describe three cases of patients with advanced immunosuppression who presented to hospital with “false negative” CSF cryptococcal antigen, two of whom had a positive fungal culture. We describe the challenge of CSF-CrAg negative cryptococcal meningitis and explore ways to overcome this challenge using newer diagnostic techniques.
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- 2020
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20. Comprehensive Standards-Based Data Collection: Essential for Valid Assessment of Program Impact.
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Lai, Morris K. and Young, Donald B.
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To get a valid picture of program impact via comprehensive data collection, combined with a focus on standards, an evaluation of a professional development program for elementary and secondary level teachers of science was carried out at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. This paper presents selected examples from the program evaluation, designed to be both exceptionally comprehensive and focused on standards, and it discusses what the evaluators learned from the overall experience. The Standards-based Teacher Education through Partnerships (STEP) program was designed to empower teachers to become leaders in the standards-based movement. The program evaluation standards of the Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluation were used to guide the evaluation design. Evaluators took a multidimensional assessment approach that included in-class case studies, videotapes of "best lessons," self-reports, in-class observations, student and teacher artifacts, teacher awards and recognitions, portfolios, performance tests, teacher-institute data, and student achievement data. Taking such a broad look at the program ensures that the essence of program impact is identified. Using multiple indicators of the achievement of project objectives allowed the triangulation and inclusion of what otherwise might be "fringe" indicators. Insights from the STEP program are summarized. (Contains 14 figures and 15 references.) (SLD)
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- 2000
21. The ClosER study: results from a three-year pan-European longitudinal surveillance of antibiotic resistance among prevalent Clostridium difficile ribotypes, 2011–2014
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Freeman, J., Vernon, J., Pilling, S., Morris, K., Nicholson, S., Shearman, S., Longshaw, C., and Wilcox, M.H.
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- 2018
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22. COVID-19 and the HIV care continuum in Uganda: minimising collateral damage [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
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Enock Kagimu, Jane Gakuru, Emily M. Martyn, Morris K Rutakingirwa, John Kasibante, Kenneth Ssebambulidde, Richard Kwizera, Jayne Ellis, Darlisha Williams, David B. Meya, and Fiona V Cresswell
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COVID-19 ,HIV care ,PLWHIV ,Opportunistic infections ,sub-Saharan Africa ,eng ,Science ,Social Sciences - Abstract
The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has spread across the world within months of its first description in Wuhan, China in December 2019, resulting in an unprecedented global health emergency. Whilst Europe and North America are the current epicentres of infection, the global health community are preparing for the potential effects of this new disease on the African continent. Modelling studies predict that factors such as youthful and rural population may be protective in mitigating the spread of COVID-19 in the World Health Organisation (WHO) African Region, however, with 220 million infections and 4.6 million hospitalisations predicted in the first year of the pandemic alone, fragile health systems could still be placed under significant strain. Furthermore, subsequent disruptions to the provision of services for people living with HIV, or at risk of acquiring HIV, are predicted to lead to an extra 500,000 adult HIV deaths and a 2-fold increase in mother to child transmission of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa in 2020-2021. Ignoring these predictions may have severe consequences and we risk “stepping back in time” in AIDS-related deaths to numbers seen over a decade ago. Reflecting on our current experience of the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda, we explore the potential impact of public health measures implemented to mitigate spread of COVID-19 on the HIV care continuum, and suggest areas of focus for HIV services, policy makers and governments to urgently address in order to minimise the collateral damage.
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- 2021
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23. A Norm-Referenced, Performance-Based Mathematics Test Proves To Be Better at Revealing Effects of a Student-Driven Algebra Curriculum.
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Lai, Morris K., Matsumoto, Annette N., Young, Donald B., and Dougherty, Barbara J.
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The Hawaii Learning Project (HALP) has produced an Algebra I curriculum that stresses student learning through problem solving, communication, connections, development over time, and challenging tasks. The HALP curriculum is used by more than 16,000 students in 13 states. Scores on standardized algebra tests for HALP graduates have been about the same as for students who have gone through a more traditional algebra program, but teachers of HALP students have strongly suggested that their students were doing better than students they had taught with more traditional approaches. Whether a standardized, norm-referenced commercially available test would be sensitive enough to show growth on the part of students using the HALP curriculum was studied. The most promising test available was the Harcourt-Brace GOALS: A Performance Based Measure of Achievement, which also had the advantage of having national norms and being equated scale-wise to the Metropolitan Achievement Test. GOALS scores were obtained from 190 Algebra I HALP students in Hawaii and Mississippi. Results show that this commercial, norm-referenced standardized performance-based test can reveal large gains beyond normative expectation, even though virtually no gains were shown with a more traditional standardized norm-referenced test. It is concluded that to assess the effects of an algebra program that reflects the new paradigm of curriculum recently espoused by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, commonly used algebra tests may not be valid. A test like GOALS may better reflect achievement in student-driven curricula. (Contains six tables and five references.) (SLD)
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- 1998
24. Pacific Educational Research Journal, 1998.
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Hawaii Univ., Manoa. Curriculum Research and Development Group., Berg, Kathleen F., and Lai, Morris K.
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Articles in this issue vary widely in method, content, and sample size, but come together to produce a valuable collection of knowledge about education in the Pacific Basin, with emphasis on issues of under-representation. The articles are: (1) "Effects of a Culturally Competent School-Based Intervention for At-Risk Hawaiian Students" (Douglas C. Smith, David W. Leake, and Noelani Kamekona); (2) "Creating Local Norms To Evaluate Students in a Norm-Referenced Statewide Testing Program" (Sarah S. Gronna, Amelia A. Jenkins, and Selvin A. Chin-Chance); (3) "Pacific Islanders in Higher Education: Barriers to Recruitment and Retention" (Anna L. F. Ah Sam and Nancy B. Robinson); (4) "Tutoring Southeast Asian Students at a Social Service Site" (Marjorie A. Jaasma and Linda S. Center-Anthony); and (5) "Ka Lama o ke Kaiaulu: Research on Teacher Education for a Hawaiian Community" (Kathryn H. Au and Margaret J. Maaka). Each article contains references. (SLD)
- Published
- 1998
25. (Science) Education Standards Yield Standard Data-Collection of Instruments.
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Lai, Morris K. and Young, Donald B.
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The final versions of nationally developed standards for science education have recently been published for use by practitioners, and it is obvious that these standards will have some influence on how science education is conducted. The effects of the standards on teaching and curriculum development can be anticipated, but their effects on evaluation in science education are not as obvious, although it does follow that instruments developed for evaluating a specific program that are true to the standards should be applicable to evaluation of other science education programs. Some evaluation tasks related to relevant standards found in recent literature are listed and described for STEP, a science education staff development program. Data collection instruments usually flowed readily from the standards, although their construction often required careful reading and interpretation. The STEP project was able to produce standards-based instruments such as Likert-type self-report rating scales, open-ended interview schedules, observation instruments, and program evaluation checklists. Some examples are given for: (1) teacher feedback on classroom teaching; (2) teacher feedback on effectiveness of a teacher institute; and (3) observational data collection during a training institute. The standards-based approach to evaluating a standards-based program seems to be worthwhile and efficient. An evaluation form is attached. (Contains 14 references.) (SLD)
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- 1997
26. Pacific Educational Research Journal, 1996.
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Hawaii Educational Research Association., Berg, Kathleen F., and Lai, Morris K.
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This first issue of the new "Pacific Educational Research Journal" offers articles covering diverse subjects and using diverse research methods. The new journal represents a rejuvenation of a previous publication to address educational issues specific to the Pacific region. Ethnic groups specifically addressed include Hawaiians, second-generation Japanese (Nisei), and immigrant Hmong. Topics covered include youth-risk behaviors, core curriculum, reparations for native Hawaiians, and attitudes toward bilingual education. The following articles are included: (1) "Adolescent Health Behaviors in Hawai'i: Curriculum Directions from the 1995 Hawai'i and National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys" (Beth Pateman, Susan M. Saka, and Morris K. Lai); (2) "The Struggle for Core Studies: Miles Carey at McKinley High School in the Territory of Hawai'i" (Eileen H. Tamura); (3) "The Effects of a Simulation on Student Attitudes toward Reparations for Native Hawaiians" (Linda K. Menton and Paul R. Brandon); (4) "Nutrition Background and Practices of Hawai'i Public Elementary Teachers" (Patricia J. Britten, Naomi A. Kanehiro, and Morris K. Lai); and (5) "Hmong Parents: What Do They Think about Bilingual Education?" (Fay H. Shin and Bo V. Lee). (SLD)
- Published
- 1996
27. A Journey of Hope: giving research participants a voice to share their experiences and improve community engagement around advanced HIV disease in Uganda [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
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Fiona V. Cresswell, John Kasibante, Emily M. Martyn, Lillian Tugume, Gavin Stead, Kenneth Ssembambulidde, Morris K. Rutakingirwa, Enock Kagimu, Laura Nsangi, Carol Namuju, Jane F. Ndyetukira, Cynthia Ahimbisibwe, Florence Kugonza, Alisat Sadiq, Alice Namudde, Joanna Dobbin, Diksha Srishyla, Carson Quinn, Mable Kabahubya, Conrad Muzoora, Stephen Watiti, David B. Meya, and Alison M. Elliott
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Over the last decade excellent progress has been made globally in HIV management thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout and international guidelines now recommending immediate initiation of ART in people living with HIV. Despite this, advanced HIV disease (CD4 less than 200 cells/mL) and opportunistic infections remain a persistent challenge and contribute significantly to HIV-associated mortality, which equates to 23,000 deaths in Uganda in 2018 alone. Our Meningitis Research Team based in Uganda is committed to conducting clinical trials to answer important questions regarding diagnostics and management of HIV-associated opportunistic infections, including tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis. However, clinical research is impossible without research participants and results are meaningless unless they are translated into benefits for those affected by the disease. Therefore, we held a series of community engagement events with the aims of 1) giving research participants a voice to share their experiences of clinical research and messages of hope around advanced HIV disease with the community, 2) dispelling myths and stigma around HIV, and 3) raising awareness about the complications of advanced HIV disease and local clinical research and recent scientific advances. The purpose of this Open Letter is to describe our community engagement experience in Uganda, where we aimed to give clinical research participants a greater voice to share their experiences. These activities build upon decades of work in HIV community engagement and lays a platform for future research and engagement activities.
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- 2020
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28. The Transcriptional Landscape of the Mammalian Genome
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Carninci, P., Kasukawa, T., Katayama, S., Gough, J., Frith, M. C., Maeda, N., Oyama, R., Ravasi, T., Lenhard, B., Wells, C., Kodzius, R., Shimokawa, K., Bajic, V. B., Brenner, S. E., Batalov, S., Forrest, A. R. R., Zavolan, M., Davis, M. J., Wilming, L. G., Aidinis, V., Allen, J. E., Ambesi-Impiombato, A., Apweiler, R., Aturaliya, R. N., Bailey, T. L., Bansal, M., Baxter, L., Beisel, K. W., Bersano, T., Bono, H., Chalk, A. M., Chiu, K. P., Choudhary, V., Christoffels, A., Clutterbuck, D. R., Crowe, M. L., Dalla, E., Dalrymple, B. P., de Bono, B., Della Gatta, G., di Bernardo, D., Down, T., Engstrom, P., Fagiolini, M., Faulkner, G., Fletcher, C. F., Fukushima, T., Furuno, M., Futaki, S., Gariboldi, M., Georgii-Hemming, P., Gingeras, T. R., Gojobori, T., Green, R. E., Gustincich, S., Harbers, M., Hayashi, Y., Hensch, T. K., Hirokawa, N., Hill, D., Huminiecki, L., Iacono, M., Ikeo, K., Iwama, A., Ishikawa, T., Jakt, M., Kanapin, A., Katoh, M., Kawasawa, Y., Kelso, J., Kitamura, H., Kitano, H., Kollias, G., Krishnan, S. P. T., Kruger, A., Kummerfeld, S. K., Kurochkin, I. V., Lareau, L. F., Lazarevic, D., Lipovich, L., Liu, J., Liuni, S., McWilliam, S., Babu, M. Madan, Madera, M., Marchionni, L., Matsuda, H., Matsuzawa, S., Miki, H., Mignone, F., Miyake, S., Morris, K., Mottagui-Tabar, S., Mulder, N., Nakano, N., Nakauchi, H., Ng, P., Nilsson, R., Nishiguchi, S., Nishikawa, S., Nori, F., Ohara, O., Okazaki, Y., Orlando, V., Pang, K. C., Pavan, W. J., Pavesi, G., Pesole, G., Petrovsky, N., Piazza, S., Reed, J., Reid, J. F., Ring, B. Z., Ringwald, M., Rost, B., Ruan, Y., Salzberg, S. L., Sandelin, A., Schneider, C., Schöbach, C., Sekiguchi, K., Semple, C. A. M., Seno, S., Sessa, L., Sheng, Y., Shibata, Y., Shimada, H., Shimada, K., Silva, D., Sinclair, B., Sperling, S., Stupka, E., Sugiura, K., Sultana, R., Takenaka, Y., Taki, K., Tammoja, K., Tan, S. L., Tang, S., Taylor, M. S., Tegner, J., Teichmann, S. A., Ueda, H. R., van Nimwegen, E., Verardo, R., Wei, C. L., Yagi, K., Yamanishi, H., Zabarovsky, E., Zhu, S., Zimmer, A., Hide, W., Bult, C., Grimmond, S. M., Teasdale, R. D., Liu, E. T., Brusic, V., Quackenbush, J., Wahlestedt, C., Mattick, J. S., Hume, D. A., Kai, C., Sasaki, D., Tomaru, Y., Fukuda, S., Kanamori-Katayama, M., Suzuki, M., Aoki, J., Arakawa, T., Iida, J., Imamura, K., Itoh, M., Kato, T., Kawaji, H., Kawagashira, N., Kawashima, T., Kojima, M., Kondo, S., Konno, H., Nakano, K., Ninomiya, N., Nishio, T., Okada, M., Plessy, C., Shibata, K., Shiraki, T., Suzuki, S., Tagami, M., Waki, K., Watahiki, A., Okamura-Oho, Y., Suzuki, H., and Kawai, J.
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- 2005
29. Using Differential Item Functioning Procedures To Improve Interpretation of and Performance on the Verbal Subtest of the SAT.
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Lai, Morris K. and Saka, Thomas
- Abstract
Two studies investigated factors affecting the scores of Hawaii students taking the verbal subtest of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). For the past several years, the mean verbal scores of Hawaii students have consistently been among the lowest 10% of all states. The first study addressed the identification of items and types of items that have been answered differentially by Hawaii students in comparison to mainland United States students. The items were identified through differential item functioning (DIF) procedures which assess performance differences between groups of individuals with the same overall scholastic aptitude. Results indicated that Hawaii students performed less well than the mainland reference group (students of equal overall scholastic aptitude) on the early items in each of the antonym sections and better than the reference group on the more difficult or later items in each section. Carelessness and unfamiliarity with the item type were identified as possible causes. The second study utilized a sample of Hawaii public school students who received brief instruction addressing the low performance on the types of items identified in the first study. Independent groups t-tests conducted between the treatment students and a sample from the original pool of 1988 examinees showed equivalence of performance on the pretest. Treatment students performed statistically significantly better than the comparison groups did after receiving the treatment. (Five tables of data are included. Contains 17 references.) (Author/RS)
- Published
- 1993
30. What is the impact of GOLD 2017 recommendations in primary care? – a descriptive study of patient classifications, treatment burden and costs
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Gayle A, Dickinson S, Morris K, Poole C, Mathioudakis AG, and Vestbo J
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COPD ,GOLD ,severity ,economics ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Alicia Gayle,1 Scott Dickinson,2 Kevin Morris,1 Chris Poole,1 Alexander G Mathioudakis,3 Jørgen Vestbo3,4 1Market Access, Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Bracknell, UK; 2Medical and Scientific Affairs, Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Bracknell, UK; 3Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; 4Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK Purpose: The changes in grading of disease severity and treatment recommendations for patients with COPD in the 2017 GOLD strategy may present an opportunity for reducing treatment burden for the patients and costs to the health care system. The aim of this study was to assess the implications of the GOLD 2017 grading system in terms of change in distribution across GOLD groups A–D for existing patients in UK primary care and estimate the potential cost savings of implementing GOLD 2017 treatment recommendations in UK primary care.Patients and methods: Using electronic health record data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), patients aged ≥35 years with spirometry-confirmed COPD, receiving care during 2016, were included. The cohort was graded according to the GOLD 2017 groups (A–D), and treatment costs were calculated, according to corresponding recommendations, to observe the difference in actual vs predicted costs.Results: When applying GOLD 2013 criteria, less than half of the cohort (46%) was assigned to GOLD A or B, as compared to 86% when applying the GOLD 2017 grading. The actual mean annual maintenance treatment cost was £542 per patient vs a predicted £389 for treatment according to the 2017 GOLD strategy.Conclusion: There is a potential to make significant cost savings by implementing the grading and treatment recommendations from the 2017 GOLD strategy. Keywords: COPD, GOLD, severity, economics
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- 2018
31. Factors influencing treatment escalation from long-acting muscarinic antagonist monotherapy to triple therapy in patients with COPD: a retrospective THIN-database analysis
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Hurst JR, Dilleen M, Morris K, Hills S, Emir B, and Jones R
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inhaled corticosteroid ,treatment step-up ,GOLD 2017 grouping ,patient over-treatment ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
John R Hurst,1 Maria Dilleen,2 Kevin Morris,3 Siân Hills,3 Birol Emir,4 Rupert Jones5 1UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK; 2Statistics, Global Product Development, Pfizer, Tadworth, UK; 3Medical Affairs, Pfizer, Tadworth, UK; 4Biostatistics, Global Product Development, Pfizer, New York, NY, USA; 5Clinical Trials & Health Research, Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK Purpose: Inappropriate use of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for COPD has clinical and economic disadvantages. This retrospective analysis of The UK Health Improvement Network (THIN) database identified factors influencing treatment escalation (step-up) from a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) to triple therapy (LAMA + long-acting β-agonist-ICS). Secondary objectives included time to step up from first LAMA prescription, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grouping (2011/2013, 2017), and Medical Research Council (MRC) grade prior to treatment escalation. Materials and methods: Data were included from 14,866 people ≥35 years old with a COPD diagnosis (June 1, 2010–May 10, 2015) and initiated on LAMA monotherapy. The most commonly used LAMA at baseline was tiotropium (92%). Results: Multivariate analysis (10,492 patients) revealed that COPD exacerbations, lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), “asthma”, MRC grade, proactive and reactive COPD primary care, elective secondary-care contact, cough, and number of short-acting bronchodilator prescriptions were positively associated with treatment escalation (P
- Published
- 2018
32. An approach for the identification of exemplar sites for scaling up targeted field observations of benthic biogeochemistry in heterogeneous environments
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Thompson, C. E. L., Silburn, B., Williams, M. E., Hull, T., Sivyer, D., Amoudry, L. O., Widdicombe, S., Ingels, J., Carnovale, G., McNeill, C. L., Hale, R., Marchais, C. Laguionie, Hicks, N., Smith, H. E. K., Klar, J. K., Hiddink, J. G., Kowalik, J., Kitidis, V., Reynolds, S., Woodward, E. M. S., Tait, K., Homoky, W. B., Kröger, S., Bolam, S., Godbold, J. A., Aldridge, J., Mayor, D. J., Benoist, N. M. A., Bett, B. J., Morris, K. J., Parker, E. R., Ruhl, H. A., Statham, P. J., and Solan, M.
- Published
- 2017
33. 1490. Predictors of Early Mortality in HIV-associated Tuberculous Meningitis
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Kagimu, Enock, primary, Bangdiwala, Ananta, additional, Kasibante, John, additional, Kabahubya, Mable, additional, Gakuru, Jane, additional, Timothy, Mugabi, additional, Namombwe, Suzan, additional, Kimuda, Sarah, additional, Kasozi, Derrick, additional, Rutakingirwa, Morris K, additional, Ssebambulidde, Kenneth, additional, Tugume, Lillian, additional, Nuwagira, Edwin, additional, Okurut, Samuel, additional, Nsangi, Laura, additional, Atukunda, Mucunguzi, additional, Ellis, Jayne P, additional, Williams, Darlisha A, additional, Musubire, Abdu Kisekka, additional, Boulware, David R, additional, Meya, David, additional, Bahr, Nathan C, additional, and Cresswell, Fiona V, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
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34. A Post-Hoc Procedure That Can Be Better than Random Assignment to Treatment.
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Lai, Morris K. and Saka, Thomas
- Abstract
An analytical procedure that uses fall kindergarten assessment data to retroactively create equivalent comparison groups for longitudinal research and evaluation studies was designed and tested, and then analytically and empirically compared with random assignment to treatment. Students entering kindergarten in Hawaii are administered the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (Revised) and the Missouri Kindergarten Inventory of Developmental Skills. In 1990, 8,909 matched pairs of students (i.e., students with 1986 fall kindergarten data and 1990 third-grade data) with data on these tests and on the Stanford Achievement Test in grade 3 were identified, and retroactive equivalent groups were created to compare a group who had received some sort of specific treatment with equivalents. Given the distribution of pretreatment scores for the treatment group, along with socioeconomic data and ethnic distribution, an equivalent distribution was created by filling the slots with appropriate individuals, also choosing the schools so as to ensure equivalence in distribution of school attrition rates. The net result was two groups with equivalent distributions. Had the design relied on random assignment to treatment, there would have been non-trivial probabilities that the groups would differ substantively on one or more of the variables. The method appeared feasible for conducting reality-based research when data allow for selection of a comparison group retroactively. Three tables present study data. (SLD)
- Published
- 1991
35. Field-Based Concerns about Fourth-Generation Evaluation Theory.
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Lai, Morris K.
- Abstract
Some aspects of fourth generation evaluation procedures that have been advocated by E. G. Guba and Y. S. Lincoln were examined empirically, with emphasis on areas where there have been discrepancies between theory and field-based experience. In fourth generation evaluation, the product of an evaluation is not a set of conclusions, recommendations, or value judgments, but rather an agenda for negotiation of claims, concerns, and issues. This approach is distinguished from the earlier three generations of evaluation which dealt with measurement, description, and judgment respectively. Approximately 10 evaluations of educational programs conducted each year by the Curriculum Research and Development Group of the University of Hawaii College of Education over the past 15 years provided data for this analysis. An example involving the evaluation of federally-funded projects is provided. The data highlight dilemmas in the attempt to provide fourth generation evaluation, beginning with the expressed desires of stakeholders for the sort of information earlier generations of evaluation provided. An internal inconsistency appears to exist in the views of Guba and Lincoln about the impossibility of generalizing from one situation to another, even as they generalize about scientific theory. Guba and Lincoln have offered a theoretical model that promises to enhance evaluation if it can be applied in the real world, although the benefits of earlier models cannot be denied. (SLD)
- Published
- 1991
36. Reading and Written Expression Performance of Ten Asian/Pacific-Islander Ethnic Groups on the Eighth Grade California Assessment Program.
- Author
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Lai, Morris K.
- Abstract
For the first time, Asian and Pacific-Islander (API) eighth-grade students taking part in the California Assessment Program (CAP) were identified as belonging to one of the following 10 API ethnic groups: Asian-Indian, Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Hmong, Japanese, Korean, Laotian, Pacific-Islander, and Vietnamese. In school districts associated with Fresno, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Sacramento, San Diego, and San Jose Unified School Districts, 7,475 students classified themselves as Asian, Pacific Islander, or Filipino. However, because only 5,821 of these students further classified themselves into one of the 10 aforementioned API subgroups, all analyses are based on the latter sample. Strong relationships were found between performance on the CAP reading and written expression subtests and the following set of variables: (1) the generation in the United States to which they belong; (2) parents' education; (3) English fluency; and (4) hours spent on homework. Even when these variables were taken into account, there remained several large differences among and within ethnic groups on their performance in the different skill areas on the test. Results indicate that California API eighth graders are extremely diverse in their reading and written expression performance, a situation clearly related to variables such as ethnic-group membership, generation in the United States, English fluency, and skill area measured. Ten data tables are included. (TJH)
- Published
- 1990
37. The value of granite outcrops for mammal conservation in Western Australia
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Morris, K D and BioStor
- Published
- 2000
38. Cost-effectiveness of single, high-dose, liposomal amphotericin regimen for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in five countries in sub-Saharan Africa: an economic analysis of the AMBITION-cm trial
- Author
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David S Lawrence, Charles Muthoga, David B Meya, Lillian Tugume, Darlisha Williams, Radha Rajasingham, David R Boulware, Henry C Mwandumba, Melanie Moyo, Eltas N Dziwani, Hendramoorthy Maheswaran, Cecilia Kanyama, Mina C Hosseinipour, Chimwemwe Chawinga, Graeme Meintjes, Charlotte Schutz, Kyla Comins, Funeka Bango, Conrad Muzoora, Samuel Jjunju, Edwin Nuwagira, Mosepele Mosepele, Tshepo Leeme, Chiratidzo E Ndhlovu, Admire Hlupeni, Shepherd Shamu, Timothée Boyer-Chammard, Síle F Molloy, Nabila Youssouf, Tao Chen, Tinevimbo Shiri, Shabbar Jaffar, Thomas S Harrison, Joseph N Jarvis, Louis W Niessen, Jack Goodall, Kwana Lechiile, Norah Mawoko, Tshepiso Mbangiwa, James Milburn, Refilwe Mmipi, Ponego Ponatshego, Ikanyang Rulaganyang, Kaelo Seatla, Keatlaretse Siamisang, Nametso Tlhako, Katlego Tsholo, Samantha April, Abulele Bekiswa, Linda Boloko, Hloni Bookholane, Thomas Crede, Lee-Ann Davids, Rene Goliath, Siphokazi Hlungulu, Regina Hoffman, Henriette Kyepa, Noma Masina, Deborah Maughan, Trevor Mnguni, Sumaiyya Moosa, Tania Morar, Mkanyiseli Mpalali, Jonathan Naude, Ida Oliphant, Achita Singh, Sumaya Sayed, Leago Sebesho, Muki Shey, Loraine Swanepoel, Madalitso Chasweka, Wezi Chimang'anga, Tipatseni Chimphambano, Ebbie Gondwe, Henry Mzinganjira, Aubrey Kadzilimbile, Steven Kateta, Evelyn Kossam, Christopher Kukacha, Bright Lipenga, John Ndaferankhande, Maureen Ndalama, Reya Shah, Andreas Singini, Katherine Stott, Agness Zambasa, Towera Banda, Tarsizio Chikaonda, Gladys Chitulo, Lorren Chiwoko, Nelecy Chome, Mary Gwin, Timothy Kachitosi, Beauty Kamanga, Mussah Kazembe, Emily Kumwenda, Masida Kumwenda, Chimwemwe Maya, Wilberforce Mhango, Chimwemwe Mphande, Lusungu Msumba, Tapiwa Munthali, Doris Ngoma, Simon Nicholas, Lusayo Simwinga, Anthony Stambuli, Gerald Tegha, Janet Zambezi, Cynthia Ahimbisibwe, Andrew Akampurira, Anamudde Alice, Fiona Cresswell, Jane Gakuru, Enock Kagimu, John Kasibante, Daniel Kiiza, John Kisembo, Richard Kwizera, Florence Kugonza, Eva Laker, Tonny Luggya, Andrew Lule, Abdu Musubire, Rhona Muyise, Carol Olivie Namujju, Jane Francis Ndyetukira, Laura Nsangi, Michael Okirworth, Joshua Rhein, Morris K Rutakingirwa, Alisat Sadiq, Kenneth Ssebambulidde, Kiiza Tadeo, Asmus Tukundane, Leo Atwine, Peter Buzaare, Muganzi Collins, Ninsima Emily, Christine Inyakuwa, Samson Kariisa, James Mwesigye, Simpson Nuwamanya, Ankunda Rodgers, Joan Rukundo, Irene Rwomushana, Mike Ssemusu, Gavin Stead, Kathyrn Boyd, Secrecy Gondo, Prosper Kufa, Edward Makaha, Colombus Moyo, Takudzwa Mtisi, Shepherd Mudzinga, Constantine Mutata, Taddy Mwarumba, Tawanda Zinyandu, Alexandre Alanio, Francoise Dromer, Olivier Lortholary, Aude Sturny-Leclere, Philippa Griffin, Sophia Hafeez, Angela Loyse, and Erik van Widenfelt
- Subjects
Malawi ,Amphotericin B ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Humans ,HIV Infections ,General Medicine ,Meningitis, Cryptococcal - Abstract
HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of AIDS-related mortality. The AMBITION-cm trial showed that a regimen based on a single high dose of liposomal amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBisome group) was non-inferior to the WHO-recommended treatment of seven daily doses of amphotericin B deoxycholate (control group) and was associated with fewer adverse events. We present a five-country cost-effectiveness analysis.The AMBITION-cm trial enrolled patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis from eight hospitals in Botswana, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. Taking a health service perspective, we collected country-specific unit costs and individual resource-use data per participant over the 10-week trial period, calculating mean cost per participant by group, mean cost-difference between groups, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per life-year saved. Non-parametric bootstrapping and scenarios analyses were performed including hypothetical real-world resource use. The trial registration number is ISRCTN72509687, and the trial has been completed.The AMBITION-cm trial enrolled 844 participants, and 814 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis (327 from Uganda, 225 from Malawi, 107 from South Africa, 84 from Botswana, and 71 from Zimbabwe) with 407 in each group, between Jan 31, 2018, and Feb 17, 2021. Using Malawi as a representative example, mean total costs per participant were US$1369 (95% CI 1314-1424) in the AmBisome group and $1237 (1181-1293) in the control group. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $128 (59-257) per life-year saved. Excluding study protocol-driven cost, using a real-world toxicity monitoring schedule, the cost per life-year saved reduced to $80 (15-275). Changes in the duration of the hospital stay and antifungal medication cost showed the greatest effect in sensitivity analyses. Results were similar across countries, with the cost per life-year saved in the real-world scenario ranging from $71 in Botswana to $121 in Uganda.The AmBisome regimen was cost-effective at a low incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. The regimen might be even less costly and potentially cost-saving in real-world implementation given the lower drug-related toxicity and the potential for shorter hospital stays.European Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Wellcome Trust and Medical Research Council, UKAID Joint Global Health Trials, and the National Institute for Health Research.For the Chichewa, Isixhosa, Luganda, Setswana and Shona translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Mathematics Education: A Cross-Cultural Study
- Author
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Whitman, Nancy C., Nohda, Nobuhiko, Lai, Morris K., Hashimoto, Yoshihiro, Iijima, Yasuyuki, Isoda, Masami, and Hoffer, Alan
- Published
- 1997
40. A Variational Calculus Approach to the Modelling of Flexible Manipulators
- Author
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Morris, K. A. and Taylor, K. J.
- Published
- 1996
41. 1408 Men’s skin needs energy for proper skin recovery & the combination of compounds A & B exhibits strong antioxidant and energy-amplifying benefits
- Author
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Stafa, K., primary, Dong, K., additional, Morris, K., additional, McCarthy, J., additional, Goyarts, E., additional, Deng, B., additional, Zhao, R., additional, Cao, R., additional, Mammone, T., additional, and Pernodet, N., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
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Legate, N, Ngyuen, T-V, Weinstein, N, Moller, A, Legault, L, Vally, Z, Tajchman, Z, Zsido, AN, Zrimsek, M, Chen, Z, Ziano, I, Gialitaki, Z, Ceary, CD, Jang, Y, Lin, Y, Kunisato, Y, Yamada, Y, Xiao, Q, Jiang, X, Du, X, Yao, E, Ryan, WS, Wilson, JP, Cyrus-Lai, W, Jimenez-Leal, W, Law, W, Unanue, W, Collins, WM, Richard, KL, Vranka, M, Ankushev, V, Schei, V, DePaola, C, Lerche, V, Kovic, V, Križanić, V, Kadreva, VH, Adoric, VC, Tran, US, Yeung, SK, Hassan, W, Houston, R, Machin, MA, Lima, TJS, Ostermann, T, Frizzo, T, Sverdrup, TE, House, T, Gill, T, Fedotov, M, Paltrow, T, Jernsäther, T, Rahman, T, Machin, T, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Hostler, TJ, Ishii, T, Szaszi, B, Adamus, S, Suter, L, von Bormann, SM, Habib, S, Studzinska, A, Stojanovska, D, Janssen, SMJ, Stieger, S, Schulenberg, SE, Tatachari, S, Azouaghe, S, Sorokowski, P, Sorokowska, A, Song, X, Morbée, S, Lewis, S, Sinkolova, S, Grigoryev, D, Drexler, SM, Daches, S, Levine, SL, Geniole, SN, Akter, S, Vračar, S, Massoni, S, Costa, S, Zorjan, S, Sarioguz, E, Izquierdo, SM, Tshonda, SS, Alves, SG, Pöntinen, S, Solas, SÁ, Ordoñez-Riaño, S, Očovaj, SB, Onie, S, Lins, S, Biberauer, T, Çoksan, S, Khumkom, S, Sacakli, A, Ruiz-Fernández, S, Geiger, SJ, FatahModares, S, Walczak, RB, Betlehem, R, Vilar, R, Cárcamo, RA, Ross, RM, McCarthy, R, Ballantyne, T, Westgate, EC, Ryan, RM, Gargurevich, R, Afhami, R, Ren, D, Monteiro, RP, Reips, U-D, Reggev, N, Calin-Jageman, RJ, Pourafshari, R, Oliveira, R, Nedelcheva-Datsova, M, Rahal, R-M, Ribeiro, RR, Radtke, T, Searston, R, Jai-ai, R, Habte, R, Zdybek, P, Chen, S-C, Wajanatinapart, P, Maturan, PLG, Perillo, JT, Isager, PM, Kačmár, P, Macapagal, PM, Maniaci, MR, Szwed, P, Hanel, PHP, Forbes, PAG, Arriaga, P, Paris, B, Parashar, N, Papachristopoulos, K, Correa, PS, Kácha, O, Bernardo, M, Campos, O, Bravo, ON, Galindo-Caballero, OJ, Ogbonnaya, CE, Bialobrzeska, O, Kiselnikova, N, Simonovic, N, Cohen, N, Nock, NL, Hernandez, A, Thogersen-Ntoumani, C, Ntoumanis, N, Johannes, N, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Say, N, Neubauer, AB, Martin, NI, Levy, N, Torunsky, N, Antwerpen, NV, Doren, NV, Sunami, N, Rachev, NR, Majeed, NM, Schmidt, N-D, Nadif, K, Corral-Frías, NS, Ouherrou, N, Abbas, N, Pantazi, M, Lucas, MY, Vasilev, MR, Victoria Ortiz, M, Butt, MM, Kurfalı, M, Kabir, M, Muda, R, Rivera, MDCMCT, Sirota, M, Seehuus, M, Parzuchowski, M, Toro, M, Hricova, M, Maldonado, MA, Rentzelas, P, Vansteenkiste, M, Metz, MA, Marszalek, M, Karekla, M, Mioni, G, Bosma, MJ, Westerlund, M, Vdovic, M, Bialek, M, Silan, MA, Anne, M, Misiak, M, Gugliandolo, MC, Grinberg, M, Capizzi, M, Espinoza Barría, MF, Kurfali, MA, Mensink, MC, Harutyunyan, M, Khosla, M, Dunn, MR, Korbmacher, M, Adamkovič, M, Ribeiro, MFF, Terskova, M, Hruška, M, Martončik, M, Jansen, M, Voracek, M, Čadek, M, Frias-Armenta, M, Kowal, M, Topor, M, Roczniewska, M, Oosterlinck, M, Kohlová, MB, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Sabristov, M, Romanova, M, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Lund, ML, Antoniadi, M, Magrin, ME, Jones, MV, Li, M, Ortiz, MS, Manavalan, M, Muminov, A, Kossowska, M, Friedemann, M, Wielgus, M, van Hooff, MLM, Varella, MAC, Standage, M, Nicolotti, M, Colloff, MF, Bradford, M, Vaughn, LA, Eudave, L, Vieira, L, Lu, JG, Pineda, LMS, Matos, L, Pérez, LC, Lazarevic, LB, Jaremka, LM, Smit, ES, Kushnir, E, Ferguson, LJ, Anton-Boicuk, L, Lins de Holanda Coelho, G, Ahlgren, L, Liga, F, Levitan, CA, Micheli, L, Gunton, L-A, Volz, L, Stojanovska, M, Boucher, L, Samojlenko, L, Delgado, LGJ, Kaliska, L, Beatrix, L, Warmelink, L, Rojas-Berscia, LM, Yu, K, Wylie, K, Wachowicz, J, Desai, K, Barzykowski, K, Kozma, L, Evans, K, Kirgizova, K, Emmanuel Agesin, BB, Koehn, MA, Wolfe, K, Korobova, T, Morris, K, Klevjer, K, van Schie, K, Vezirian, K, Damnjanović, K, Thommesen, KK, Schmidt, K, Filip, K, Staniaszek, K, Grzech, K, Hoyer, K, Moon, K, Khaobunmasiri, S, Rana, K, Janjić, K, Suchow, JW, Kielińska, J, Cruz Vásquez, JE, Chanal, J, Beitner, J, Vargas-Nieto, JC, Roxas, JCT, Taber, J, Urriago-Rayo, J, Pavlacic, JM, Benka, J, Bavolar, J, Soto, JA, Olofsson, JK, Vilsmeier, JK, Messerschmidt, J, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Waterschoot, J, Moss, JD, Boudesseul, J, Lee, JM, Kamburidis, J, Joy-Gaba, JA, Zickfeld, J, Miranda, JF, Verharen, JPH, Hristova, E, Beshears, JE, Djordjevic, JM, Bosch, J, Valentova, JV, Antfolk, J, Berkessel, JB, Schrötter, J, Urban, J, Röer, JP, Norton, JO, Silva, JR, Pickering, JS, Vintr, J, Uttley, J, Kunst, JR, Ndukaihe, ILG, Iyer, A, Vilares, I, Ivanov, A, Ropovik, I, Sula, I, Sarieva, I, Metin-Orta, I, Prusova, I, Pinto, I, Bozdoc, AI, Almeida, IAT, Pit, IL, Dalgar, I, Zakharov, I, Arinze, AI, Ihaya, K, Stephen, ID, Gjoneska, B, Brohmer, H, Flowe, H, Godbersen, H, Kocalar, HE, Hedgebeth, MV, Chuan-Peng, H, Sharifian, M, Manley, H, Akkas, H, Hajdu, N, Azab, H, Kaminski, G, Nilsonne, G, Anjum, G, Travaglino, GA, Feldman, G, Pfuhl, G, Czarnek, G, Marcu, GM, Hofer, G, Banik, G, Adetula, GA, Bijlstra, G, Verbruggen, F, Kung, FYH, Martela, F, Foroni, F, Forest, J, Singer, G, Muchembled, F, 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Nicolotti, M, Colloff, M, Bradford, M, Vaughn, L, Eudave, L, Vieira, L, Lu, J, Pineda, L, Matos, L, Perez, L, Lazarevic, L, Jaremka, L, Smit, E, Kushnir, E, Ferguson, L, Anton-Boicuk, L, Coelho, G, Ahlgren, L, Liga, F, Levitan, C, Micheli, L, Gunton, L, Volz, L, Stojanovska, M, Boucher, L, Samojlenko, L, Delgado, L, Kaliska, L, Beatrix, L, Warmelink, L, Rojas-Berscia, L, Yu, K, Wylie, K, Wachowicz, J, Desai, K, Barzykowski, K, Kozma, L, Evans, K, Kirgizova, K, Agesin, B, Koehn, M, Wolfe, K, Korobova, T, Morris, K, Klevjer, K, van Schie, K, Vezirian, K, Damnjanovic, K, Thommesen, K, Schmidt, K, Filip, K, Staniaszek, K, Grzech, K, Hoyer, K, Moon, K, Khaobunmasiri, S, Rana, K, Janjic, K, Suchow, J, Kielinska, J, Vasquez, J, Chanal, J, Beitner, J, Vargas-Nieto, J, Roxas, J, Taber, J, Urriago-Rayo, J, Pavlacic, J, Benka, J, Bavolar, J, Soto, J, Olofsson, J, Vilsmeier, J, Messerschmidt, J, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Waterschoot, J, Moss, J, Boudesseul, J, Lee, J, Kamburidis, J, Joy-Gaba, J, Zickfeld, J, Miranda, J, Verharen, J, Hristova, E, Beshears, J, Djordjevic, J, Bosch, J, Valentova, J, Antfolk, J, Berkessel, J, Schrotter, J, Urban, J, Roer, J, Norton, J, Silva, J, Pickering, J, Vintr, J, Uttley, J, Kunst, J, Ndukaihe, I, Iyer, A, Vilares, I, Ivanov, A, Ropovik, I, Sula, I, Sarieva, I, Metin-Orta, I, Prusova, I, Pinto, I, Bozdoc, A, Almeida, I, Pit, I, Dalgar, I, Zakharov, I, Arinze, A, Ihaya, K, Stephen, I, Gjoneska, B, Brohmer, H, Flowe, H, Godbersen, H, Kocalar, H, Hedgebeth, M, Chuan-Peng, H, Sharifian, M, Manley, H, Akkas, H, Hajdu, N, Azab, H, Kaminski, G, Nilsonne, G, Anjum, G, Travaglino, G, Feldman, G, Pfuhl, G, Czarnek, G, Marcu, G, Hofer, G, Banik, G, Adetula, G, Bijlstra, G, Verbruggen, F, Kung, F, Martela, F, Foroni, F, Forest, J, Singer, G, Muchembled, F, Azevedo, F, Mosannenzadeh, F, Marinova, E, Strukelj, E, Etebari, Z, Bradshaw, E, Baskin, E, Garcia, E, Musser, E, van Steenkiste, I, Ahn, E, Quested, E, Pronizius, E, Jackson, E, Manunta, E, 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N., Zrimsek, M., Chen, Z., Ziano, I., Gialitaki, Z., Basnight-Brown, D. M., Ceary, C. D., Jang, Y., Ijzerman, H., Lin, Y., Kunisato, Y., Yamada, Y., Xiao, Q., Jiang, X., Du, X., Yao, E., Ryan, W. S., Wilson, J. P., Cyrus-Lai, W., Jimenez-Leal, W., Law, W., Unanue, W., Collins, W. M., Richard, K. L., Vranka, M., Ankushev, V., Schei, V., Lerche, V., Kovic, V., Krizanic, V., Kadreva, V. H., Adoric, V. C., Tran, U. S., Yeung, S. K., Hassan, W., Houston, R., Urry, H. L., Machin, M. A., Lima, T. J. S., Ostermann, T., Frizzo, T., Sverdrup, T. E., House, T., Gill, T., Fedotov, M., Paltrow, T., Moshontz, H., Jernsather, T., Rahman, T., Machin, T., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M., Hostler, T. J., Ishii, T., Szaszi, B., Adamus, S., Suter, L., Von Bormann, S. M., Habib, S., Studzinska, A., Stojanovska, D., Janssen, S. M. J., Stieger, S., Primbs, M. A., Schulenberg, S. E., Buchanan, E. M., Tatachari, S., Azouaghe, S., Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Song, X., Morbee, S., Lewis, S., Sinkolova, S., Grigoryev, D., Drexler, S. M., Daches, S., Levine, S. L., Geniole, S. N., Akter, S., Vracar, S., Massoni, S., Costa, S., Zorjan, S., Sarioguz, E., Izquierdo, S. M., Tshonda, S. S., Miller, J. K., Alves, S. G., Pontinen, S., Solas, S. A., Ordonez-Riano, S., Ocovaj, S. B., Onie, S., Lins, S., Biberauer, T., Coksan, S., Khumkom, S., Sacakli, A., Coles, N. A., Ruiz-Fernandez, S., Geiger, S. J., Fatahmodares, S., Walczak, R. B., Betlehem, R., Vilar, R., Carcamo, R. A., Ross, R. M., Mccarthy, R., Ballantyne, T., Westgate, E. C., Ryan, R. M., Gargurevich, R., Afhami, R., Ren, D., Monteiro, R. P., Reips, U. -D., Reggev, N., Calin-Jageman, R. J., Pourafshari, R., Oliveira, R., Nedelcheva-Datsova, M., Rahal, R. -M., Ribeiro, R. R., Radtke, T., Searston, R., Jai-Ai, R., Habte, R., Zdybek, P., Chen, S. -C., Wajanatinapart, P., Maturan, P. L. G., Perillo, J. T., Isager, P. M., Kacmar, P., Macapagal, P. M., Maniaci, M. R., Szwed, P., Hanel, P. H. P., Forbes, P. A. G., Arriaga, P., Paris, B., Parashar, N., Papachristopoulos, K., Chartier, C. R., Correa, P. S., Kacha, O., Bernardo, M., Campos, O., Bravo, O. N., Mallik, P. R., Galindo-Caballero, O. J., Ogbonnaya, C. E., Bialobrzeska, O., Kiselnikova, N., Simonovic, N., Cohen, N., Nock, N. L., Hernandez, A., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Ntoumanis, N., Johannes, N., Albayrak-Aydemir, N., Say, N., Neubauer, A. B., Martin, N. I., Torunsky, N., Van Antwerpen, N., Van Doren, N., Sunami, N., Rachev, N. R., Majeed, N. M., Schmidt, N. -D., Nadif, K., Forscher, P. S., Corral-Frias, N. S., Ouherrou, N., Abbas, N., Pantazi, M., Lucas, M. Y., Vasilev, M. R., Ortiz, M. V., Butt, M. M., Kurfali, M., Kabir, M., Muda, R., Del Carmen, M. C. Tejada Rivera M., Sirota, M., Seehuus, M., Parzuchowski, M., Toro, M., Hricova, M., Maldonado, M. A., Arvanitis, A., Rentzelas, P., Vansteenkiste, M., Metz, M. A., Marszalek, M., Karekla, M., Mioni, G., Bosma, M. J., Westerlund, M., Vdovic, M., Bialek, M., Silan, M. A., Anne, M., Misiak, M., Gugliandolo, M. C., Grinberg, M., Capizzi, M., Espinoza Barria, M. F., Kurfali, M. A., Mensink, M. C., Harutyunyan, M., Khosla, M., Dunn, M. R., Korbmacher, M., Adamkovic, M., Ribeiro, M. F. F., Terskova, M., Hruska, M., Martoncik, M., Voracek, M., Cadek, M., Frias-Armenta, M., Kowal, M., Topor, M., Roczniewska, M., Oosterlinck, M., Thomas, A. G., Kohlova, M. B., Paruzel-Czachura, M., Sabristov, M., Greenburgh, A., Romanova, M., Papadatou-Pastou, M., Lund, M. L., Antoniadi, M., Magrin, M. E., Jones, M. V., Li, M., Ortiz, M. S., Manavalan, M., Muminov, A., Stoyanova, A., Kossowska, M., Friedemann, M., Wielgus, M., Van Hooff, M. L. M., Varella, M. A. C., Standage, M., Nicolotti, M., Colloff, M. F., Bradford, M., Vaughn, L. A., Eudave, L., Vieira, L., Lu, J. G., Pineda, L. M. S., Matos, L., Perez, L. C., Lazarevic, L. B., Jaremka, L. M., Smit, E. S., Kushnir, E., Wichman, A. L., Ferguson, L. J., Anton-Boicuk, L., De Holanda Coelho, G. L., Ahlgren, L., Liga, F., Levitan, C. A., Micheli, L., Gunton, L. -A., Volz, L., Stojanovska, M., Boucher, L., Samojlenko, L., Delgado, L. G. J., Kaliska, L., Beatrix, L., Warmelink, L., Rojas-Berscia, L. M., Yu, K., Wylie, K., Wachowicz, J., Charyate, A. C., Desai, K., Barzykowski, K., Kozma, L., Evans, K., Kirgizova, K., Belaus, A., Emmanuel Agesin, B. B., Koehn, M. A., Wolfe, K., Korobova, T., Morris, K., Klevjer, K., Van Schie, K., Vezirian, K., Damnjanovic, K., Thommesen, K. K., Schmidt, K., Filip, K., Staniaszek, K., Adetula, A., Grzech, K., Hoyer, K., Moon, K., Khaobunmasiri, S., Rana, K., Janjic, K., Suchow, J. W., Kielinska, J., Cruz Vasquez, J. E., Chanal, J., Beitner, J., Vargas-Nieto, J. C., Roxas, J. C. T., Taber, J., Urriago-Rayo, J., Askelund, A. D., Pavlacic, J. M., Benka, J., Bavolar, J., Soto, J. A., Olofsson, J. K., Vilsmeier, J. K., Messerschmidt, J., Czamanski-Cohen, J., Waterschoot, J., Moss, J. D., Boudesseul, J., Lee, J. M., Kamburidis, J., Joy-Gaba, J. A., Zickfeld, J., Miranda, J. F., Verharen, J. P. H., Hristova, E., Beshears, J. E., Djordjevic, J. M., Bosch, J., Valentova, J. V., Antfolk, J., Berkessel, J. B., Schrotter, J., Urban, J., Roer, J. P., Norton, J. O., Silva, J. R., Pickering, J. S., Vintr, J., Uttley, J., Kunst, J. R., Ndukaihe, I. L. G., Iyer, A., Vilares, I., Ivanov, A., Ropovik, I., Sula, I., Groyecka-Bernard, A., Sarieva, I., Metin-Orta, I., Prusova, I., Pinto, I., Bozdoc, A. I., Almeida, I. A. T., Pit, I. L., Dalgar, I., Zakharov, I., Arinze, A. I., Ihaya, K., Stephen, I. D., Gjoneska, B., Brohmer, H., Flowe, H., Godbersen, H., Kocalar, H. E., Hedgebeth, M. V., Chuan-Peng, H., Sharifian, M., Manley, H., Akkas, H., Hajdu, N., Azab, H., Kaminski, G., Nilsonne, G., Anjum, G., Travaglino, G. A., Feldman, G., Pfuhl, G., Czarnek, G., Marcu, G. M., Hofer, G., Banik, G., Adetula, G. A., Bijlstra, G., Verbruggen, F., Kung, F. Y. H., Martela, F., Foroni, F., Forest, J., Singer, G., Muchembled, F., Azevedo, F., Mosannenzadeh, F., Marinova, E., Strukelj, E., Etebari, Z., Bradshaw, E. L., Baskin, E., Garcia, E. O. L., Musser, E., Van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Ahn, E. R., Quested, E., Pronizius, E., Jackson, E. A., Manunta, E., Agadullina, E., Sakan, D., Dursun, P., Dujols, O., Dubrov, D., Willis, M., Tumer, M., Beaudry, J. L., Popovic, D., Dunleavy, D., Djamai, I., Krupic, D., Herrera, D., Vega, D., Du, H., Mola, D., Chakarova, D., Davis, W. E., Holford, D. L., Lewis, D. M. G., Vaidis, D. C., Ozery, D. H., Ricaurte, D. Z., Storage, D., Sousa, D., Alvarez, D. S., Boller, D., Rosa, A. D., Dimova, D., Marko, D., Moreau, D., Reeck, C., Correia, R. C., Whitt, C. M., Lamm, C., Solorzano, C. S., Von Bastian, C. C., Sutherland, C. A. M., Ebersole, C. R., Overkott, C., Aberson, C. L., Wang, C., Niemiec, C. P., Karashiali, C., Noone, C., Chiu, F., Picciocchi, C., Brownlow, C., Karaarslan, C., Cellini, N., Esteban-Serna, C., Reyna, C., Ferreyra, C., Batres, C., Li, R., Grano, C., Carpentier, J., Tamnes, C. K., Fu, C. H. Y., Ishkhanyan, B., Bylinina, L., Jaeger, B., Bundt, C., Allred, T. B., Vermote, B. J., Bokkour, A., Bogatyreva, N., Shi, J., Chopik, W. J., Antazo, B., Behzadnia, B., Becker, M., Bayyat, M. M., Cocco, B., Ahmed, A., Chou, W. -L., Barkoukis, V., Hubena, B., Khaoudi, A., Zuro, B., Aczel, B., Baklanova, E., Bai, H., Balci, B. B., Babincak, P., Soenens, B., Dixson, B. J. W., Mokady, A., Kappes, H. B., Atari, M., Szala, A., Szabelska, A., Aruta, J. J. B., Domurat, A., Arinze, N. C., Modena, A., Adiguzel, A., Monajem, A., Ait El Arabi, K., Ozdogru, A. A., Rothbaum, A. O., Torres, A. O., Theodoropoulou, A., Skowronek, A., Urooj, A., Jurkovic, A. P., Singh, A., Kassianos, A. P., Findor, A., Hartanto, A., Landry, A. T., Ferreira, A., Santos, A. C., De La Rosa-Gomez, A., Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A., Luxon, A. M., Todsen, A. L., Karababa, A., Janak, A., Pilato, A., Bran, A., Tullett, A. M., Kuzminska, A. O., Krafnick, A. J., Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Massey, D., Kurfali, Merve A., Collaboration, Psychological Science Accelerator Self-Determination Theory, FdR overig onderzoek, Persuasive Communication (ASCoR, FMG), and Organizational Psychology
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behavior change ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,230 Affective Neuroscience ,INTENTIONS ,L400 ,self-determination theory ,Physical Distancing ,Social Sciences ,Intention ,Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica] ,FATIGUE ,motivation ,PARENTAL PROHIBITION ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Pandemic ,Humans ,health communication ,MESSAGES ,Sociology ,Pandemics ,METAANALYSIS ,COVID-19 ,Behaviour Change and Well-being ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Social distance ,Public relations ,Motivation ,INTERNALIZATION ,business ,BEHAVIOR - Abstract
Significance\ud \ud Communicating in ways that motivate engagement in social distancing remains a critical global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study tested motivational qualities of messages about social distancing (those that promoted choice and agency vs. those that were forceful and shaming) in 25,718 people in 89 countries. The autonomy-supportive message decreased feelings of defying social distancing recommendations relative to the controlling message, and the controlling message increased controlled motivation, a less effective form of motivation, relative to no message. Message type did not impact intentions to socially distance, but people’s existing motivations were related to intentions. Findings were generalizable across a geographically diverse sample and may inform public health communication strategies in this and future global health emergencies.\ud \ud \ud \ud Abstract\ud \ud Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges.
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- 2022
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43. Case Report: Three's a crowd: a case report examining the diagnostic and pharmacokinetic challenges in HIV-tuberculous meningitis-malaria co-infection [version 2; referees: 2 approved]
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Jayne Ellis, Prosperity C. Eneh, Kenneth Ssebambulidde, Morris K. Rutakingirwa, Mohammed Lamorde, Joshua Rhein, Fiona V. Cresswell, David R. Boulware, and Melanie R. Nicol
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
In 2016, 10.4 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) were reported globally. Malaria also continues to be a global public health threat. Due to marked epidemiological overlap in the global burden of TB and malaria, co-infection does occur. An HIV-infected, 32-year-old male presented with a two-week history of headache with fevers to Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda. Five months prior, he was diagnosed with pulmonary TB. He endorsed poor adherence to anti-tuberculous medications. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in CSF was confirmed on Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra. On day 2, he was initiated on dexamethasone at 0.4mg/kg/day and induction TB-medications were re-commenced (rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide) for TBM. He continued to spike high-grade fevers, a peripheral blood smear showed P. falciparum parasites despite a negative malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT). He received three doses of IV artesunate and then completed 3 days of oral artemether/lumefantrine. To our knowledge this is the first published case of HIV-TBM-malaria co-infection. TBM/malaria co-infection poses a number of management challenges. Due to potential overlap in symptoms between TBM and malaria, it is important to remain vigilant for co-infection. Access to accurate parasitological diagnostics is essential, as RDT use continues to expand, it is essential that clinicians are aware of the potential for false negative results. Anti-malarial therapeutic options are limited due to important drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Rifampicin is a potent enzyme inducer of several hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, this induction results in reduced plasma concentrations of several anti-malarial medications. Despite recognition of potential DDIs between rifampicin and artemisinin compounds, and rifampicin and quinine, no treatment guidelines currently exist for managing patients with co-infection. There is both an urgent need for the development of new anti-malarial drugs which do not interact with rifampicin and for pharmacokinetic studies to guide dose modification of existing anti-malarial drugs to inform clinical practice guidelines.
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- 2019
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44. The Role of the Registry and Legal Division of the African Court of Human and People's Rights in Dispute Settlement
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Olabisi D. Akinkugbe and Morris K. Odeh
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Law - Abstract
This Essay explores whether the African Court of Human and People's Rights’ (African Court) Registry and Legal Division have a similar expansive role in the dispute settlement mechanism as the World Trade Organization's (WTO) Secretariat. The African Court is the African Union's regional body for enforcing human rights. This Essay contributes to the scholarship on African international courts by testing the central arguments in Pauwelyn and Pelc's “Who Guards the ‘Guardians of the System’? The Role of the Secretariat in WTO Dispute Settlement”1 through a comparative analysis of the role of the Secretariat within the African Court.2 Despite the growing jurisprudence and influence of Africa's international courts, they continue to be neglected by mainstream scholarship of international courts and tribunals. This is evident in Pauwelyn and Pelc's article, which does not refer to any of Africa's seven international courts and tribunals. For that matter, the article makes no reference to any international tribunal outside Europe or the United States.3 Our analysis illustrates the fact that the influence of the African Court's Registry and Legal Division (Registry) in the process for dispute settlement is not as significant and concerning as that of the WTO Secretariat. As such, the influence of the Registry on the outcome of a case is significantly limited and does not raise any legitimacy crisis like the WTO. We attribute this disparity to the operational and structural disparities between the African Court and the WTO. In the following paragraphs, we examine each of the factors that Pauwelyn and Pelc raise concerning the influence of the WTO staff in WTO panel and Appellate Body proceedings4 in the context of the functions of the African Court Registry.
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- 2022
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45. Long-term (180-day) outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19 in the REMAP-CAP randomized clinical trial
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Florescu, S, Stanciu, D, Zaharia, M, Kosa, A, Codreanu, D, Kidwai, A, Masood, S, Kaye, C, Coutts, A, MacKay, L, Summers, C, Polgarova, P, Farahi, N, Fox, E, McWilliam, S, Hawcutt, D, Rad, L, O’Malley, L, Whitbread, J, Jones, D, Dore, R, Saunderson, P, Kelsall, O, Cowley, N, Wild, L, Thrush, J, Wood, H, Austin, K, Bélteczki, J, Magyar, I, Fazekas, Á, Kovács, S, Szőke, V, Donnelly, A, Kelly, M, Smyth, N, O’Kane, S, McClintock, D, Warnock, M, Campbell, R, McCallion, E, Azaiz, A, Charron, C, Godement, M, Geri, G, Vieillard-Baron, A, Johnson, P, McKenna, S, Hanley, J, Currie, A, Allen, B, McGoldrick, C, McMaster, M, Mani, A, Mathew, M, Kandeepan, R, Vignesh, C, TV, B, Ramakrishnan, N, James, A, Elvira, E, Jayakumar, D, Pratheema, R, Babu, S, Ebenezer, R, Krishnaoorthy, S, Ranganathan, L, Ganesan, M, Shree, M, Guilder, E, Butler, M, Cowdrey, K-A, Robertson, M, Ali, F, McMahon, E, Duffy, E, Chen, Y, Simmonds, C, McConnochie, R, O’Connor, C, El-Khawas, K, Richardson, A, Hill, D, Commons, R, Abdelkharim, H, Saxena, M, Muteithia, M, Dobell-Brown, K, Jha, R, Kalogirou, M, Ellis, C, Krishnamurthy, V, O’Connor, A, Thurairatnam, S, Mukherjee, D, Kaliappan, A, Vertue, M, Nicholson, A, Riches, J, Maloney, G, Kittridge, L, Solesbury, A, Ramos, A, Collins, D, Brickell, K, Reid, L, Smyth, M, Breen, P, Spain, S, Curley, G, McEvoy, N, Geoghegan, P, Clarke, J, Silversides, J, McGuigan, P, Ward, K, O’Neill, A, Finn, S, Wright, C, Green, J, Collins, É, Knott, C, Smith, J, Boschert, C, Slieker, K, Ewalds, E, Sanders, A, Wittenberg, W, Geurts, H, Poojara, L, Sara, T, Nand, K, Reeve, B, Dechert, W, Phillips, B, Oritz-Ruiz de Gordoa, L, Affleck, J, Shaikh, A, Murray, A, Ramanan, M, Frakking, T, Pinnell, J, Robinson, M, Gledhill, L, Wood, T, Sanghavi, R, Bhonagiri, D, Ford, M, Parikh, HG, Avard, B, Nourse, M, McDonald, B, Edmunds, N, Hoiting, O, Peters, M, Rengers, E, Evers, M, Prinssen, A, Morgan, M, Cole, J, Hill, H, Davies, M, Williams, A, Thomas, E, Davies, R, Wise, M, Grimm, P, Soukup, J, Wetzold, R, Löbel, M, Starke, L, Lellouche, F, Lizotte, P, Declerq, P, Antoine, M, Stephanie, G, Jean-Pierre, E, François, B, Marion, B, Philippe, R, Pourcine, F, Monchi, M, Luis, D, Mercier, R, Sagnier, A, Verrier, N, Caplin, C, Richecoeu, J, Combaux, D, Siami, S, Aparicio, C, Vautier, S, Jeblaoui, A, Lemaire-Brunel, D, D'Aragon, F, Carbonneau, E, Leblond, J, Plantefeve, G, Leparco, C, Contou, D, Fartoukh, M, Courtin, L, Labbe, V, Voiriot, G, Salhi, S, Chassé, M, Carrier, F, Boumahni, D, Benettaib, F, Ghamraoui, A, Sement, A, Gachet, A, Hanisch, A, Haffiane, A, Boivin, A-H, Barreau, A, Guerineau, E, Poupblanc, S, Egreteau, P, Lefevre, M, Bocher, S, Le Loup, G, Le Guen, L, Carn, V, Bertel, M, Antcliffe, D, Templeton, M, Rojo, R, Coghlan, P, Smee, J, Barker, G, Finn, A, Kreb, G, Hoff, U, Hinrichs, C, Nee, J, Mackay, E, Cort, J, Whileman, A, Spencer, T, Spittle, N, Beavis, S, Padmakumar, A, Dale, K, Hawes, J, Moakes, E, Gascoyne, R, Pritchard, K, Stevenson, L, Cooke, J, Nemeth-Roszpopa, K, Gauli, B, Bastola, S, Muller, G, Nay, M-A, Kamel, T, Benzekri, D, Jacquier, S, Runge, I, Mathonnet, A, Barbier, F, Bretagnol, A, Carter, J, Van Der Heyden, K, Mehrtens, J, Morris, A, Morgan, S, Burke, T, Mercier, E, Chartier, D, Salmon, C, Dequin, P-F, Garot, D, Bellemare, D, Cloutier, È, Daher, R, Costerousse, O, Boulanger, M-C, Couillard-Chénard, É, Lauzier, F, Francoeur, C, Francois, B, Gay, A, Anne-Laure, F, Ramali, M, HC, O, Ghosh, A, Osagie, R, Arachchige, M, Hartley, M, Cheung, W, Wong, H, Seigne, P, Eustace, J, O'Callaghan, A-M, O'Brien, F, Bamford, P, Reid, A, Cawley, K, Faulkner, M, Pickering, C, Raj, A, Tsinaslanidis, G, Khade, R, Agha, G, Sekiwala, R, Smith, T, Brewer, C, Gregory, J, Limb, J, Cowton, A, O’Brien, J, Postlethwaite, K, Malakouti, S, Music, E, Ricketts, D, King, A, Clermont, G, Bart, R, Mayr, F, Schoenling, A, Andreae, M, Shetty, V, Brant, E, Malley, B, Donadee, C, Sackrowitz, R, Weissman, A, Yealy, D, Barton, D, Talia, N, Nikitas, N, Wells, C, Lankester, L, McMillan, H, Van den Oever, H, Kruisdijk-Gerritsen, A, Haidar, G, Bain, W, Barbash, I, Fitzpatrick, M, Franz, C, Kitsios, G, Moghbeli, K, Rosborough, B, Shah, F, Suber, T, Pulletz, M, Williams, P, Birch, J, Wiseman, S, Horton, S, Alegria, A, Turki, S, Elsefi, T, Crisp, N, Allen, L, Truman, N, Smith, M, Chukkambotla, S, Goddard, W, Duberley, S, Khan, M, Kazi, A, Simpson, J, Duke, G, Chan, P, Carter, B, Hunter, S, Voigt, I, Schueler, R, Blank, E, Hüning, V, Steffen, M, Goralski, P, Litton, E, Regli, A, Pellicano, S, Palermo, A, Eroglu, E, Bihari, S, Laver, RD, Jin, X, Brown, J, McIntyre, J, French, C, Bates, S, Towns, M, Yang, Y, McGain, F, McCullagh, I, Cairns, T, Hanson, H, Patel, B, Clement, I, Evetts, G, Touma, O, Holland, S, Hodge, C, Taylor, H, Alderman, M, Barnes, N, Da Rocha, J, Smith, C, Brooks, N, Weerasinghe, T, Sinclair, J-A, Abusamra, Y, Doherty, R, Cudlipp, J, Singh, R, Yu, H, Daebis, A, Ng, C, Kendrick, S, Saran, A, Makky, A, Greener, D, Rowe-Leete, L, Edwards, A, Bland, Y, Dolman, R, Foster, T, Laffey, J, McNicholas, B, Scully, M, Casey, S, Kernan, M, Brennan, A, Rangan, R, Tully, R, Corbett, S, McCarthy, A, Duffy, O, Burke, D, Linnett, V, Sanderson, A, Ritzema, J, Wild, H, Lucas, R, Marriott, Y, Andric, Z, Cviljevic, S, Br, R, Zapalac, M, Mirković, G, Khare, D, Pinder, M, Gopinath, A, Kannan, T, Dean, S, Vanmali, P, Depuydt, P, De Waele, J, De Bus, L, Fierens, J, Bracke, S, Vermassen, J, Vermeiren, D, Pugh, R, Lean, R, Qiu, X, Scanlan, J, Evans, A, Davies, G, Lewis, J, Plesnikova, Y, Khoud, A, Coetzee, S, Puxty, K, Cathcart, S, Rimmer, D, Bagot, C, Scott, K, Martin, L, Yusuff, H, Isgro, G, Brightling, C, Bourne, M, Craner, M, Boyles, R, Alexander, B, Roberts, T, Nelli, A, Rosenstein-Sisson, R, Speyer, R, Pech, Y, McCullough, J, Tallott, M, Vazquez-Grande, G, Marten, N, Liu, T, Siddiqui, A, Khanal, S, Amatya, S, Szakmany, T, Cherian, S, Williams, G, James, C, Waters, A, Prout, R, Stedman, R, Davies, L, Pegler, S, Kyeremeh, L, Moorhouse, L, Arbane, G, Marotti, M, Bociek, A, Campos, S, Van Nieuwkoop, K, Ottens, T, Visser, Y, Van den Berg, L, Van der Kraan-Donker, A, Brett, S, Arias, S, Hall, R, Paneru, H, Koirala, S, Paudel, P, Wilson, M, Vaara, S, Pettilä, L, Heinonen, J, Pettilä, V, Jain, S, Gupta, A, Holbrook, C, Antoine, P, Meziani, F, Allam, H, Cattelan, J, Clere-Jehl, R, Helms, J, Kummerlen, C, Merdji, H, Monnier, A, Rahmani, H, Studer, A, Schneider, F, Castelain, V, Morel, G, L’Hotellier, S, Ochin, E, Vanjak, C, Rouge, P, Bendjemar, L, Albert, M, Serri, K, Cavayas, A, Duplaix, M, Williams, V, Catorze, NJTADS, Pereira, TNAL, Ferreira, RMC, Bastos, JMPS, Batista, TMO, Badie, J, Berdaguer, F, Malfroy, S, Mezher, C, Bourgoin, C, Moneger, G, Bouvier, E, Muñoz-Bermúdez, R, Marin-Corral, J, Degracia, A, Gómez, F, López, M, Aceto, R, Aghemo, A, Badalamenti, S, Brunetta, E, Cecconi, M, Ciccarelli, M, Constantini, E, Greco, M, Folci, M, Selmi, C, Voza, A, Henning, J, Bonner, S, Hugill, K, Cirstea, E, Wilkinson, D, Jones, J, Altomy, M, Karlikowski, M, Sutherland, H, Wilhelmsen, E, Woods, J, North, J, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Ankert, J, Kolanos, S, Bloos, F, Simons, K, Van Zuylen, T, Bouman, A, Kumar, N, Panwar, R, Poulter, A-L, Sunkara, K, Szigligeti, G, Leszkoven, J, Rochwerg, B, Karachi, T, Oczkowski, S, Centofanti, J, Millen, T, Sundaran, D, Hollos, L, Turns, M, Walsh, J, Al Qasim, E, Alswaidan, L, Hegazy, M, Arishi, H, Al Amri, A, AlQahtani, S, Naidu, B, Tlayjeh, H, Hussain, S, Al Enezi, F, Abdukahil, SA, Hopkins, P, Noble, H, O’Reilly, K, Mehta, R, Wong, O, Makanju, E, Rao, D, Sikondari, N, Saha, S, Corcoran, E, Pappa, E, Cockrell, M, Donegan, C, Balaie, M, Nickoleit-Bitzenberger, D, Schaaf, B, Meermeier, W, Prebeg, K, Azzaui, H, Hower, M, Brieger, K-G, Elender, C, Sabelhaus, T, Riepe, A, Akamp, C, Kremling, J, Klein, D, Landsiedel-Mechenbier, E, Laha, S, Verlander, M, Jha, A, Megarbane, B, Voicu, S, Deye, N, Malissin, I, Sutterlin, L, Mrad, A, Lehalleur, A, Naim, G, Nguyen, P, Ekhérian, J-M, Boué, Y, Sidéris, G, Vodovar, D, Guérin, E, Grant, C, Brain, M, Mineall, S, Paramasivam, E, Wilby, E, Ogg, B, Howcroft, C, Aspinwall, A, Charlton, S, Gould, R, Mistry, D, Awan, S, Bedford, C, Carr-Wilkinson, J, Hall, A, Gardiner-Hill, C, Maloney, C, Brunskill, N, Watchorn, O, Hardy, C, Qureshi, H, Flint, N, Nicholson, S, Southin, S, Ghattaoraya, A, Harding, D, O’Halloran, S, Collins, A, Smith, E, Trues, E, Borgatta, B, Turner-Bone, I, Reddy, A, Wilding, L, Wilson, C, Surti, Z, Aneman, A, Miller, J, White, H, Estensen, K, Morrison, L, Sutton, J, Cooper, M, Warnapura, L, Agno, R, Sathianathan, P, Shaw, D, Ijaz, N, Spong, A, Sabaretnam, S, Burns, D, Lang, E, Tate, M, Fischer, R, Biradar, V, Soar, N, Golden, D, Davey, M, Seaman, R, Osborne, A, Bannard-Smith, J, Clark, R, Birchall, K, Henry, J, Pomeroy, F, Quayle, R, Wylie, K, Sukuraman, A, John, M, Sibin, S, Leditschke, A, Finnis, M, Jongebloed, K, Khwaja, K, Campisi, J, Van Vonderen, M, Pietersma, M, Vrolijk, L, Kampschreur, L, Van Gulik, 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S, Wetherill, B, Brajković, A, Babel, J, Sever, H, Dragija, L, Kušan, I, Dushianthan, A, Cusack, R, De Courcy-Golder, K, Salmon, K, Burnish, R, Smith, S, Ruiz, W, Duke, Z, Johns, M, Male, M, Gladas, K, Virdee, S, Swabe, J, Tomlinson, H, Rohde, G, Grünewaldt, A, Bojunga, J, Petros, S, Kunz, K, Schütze, B, Weismann, D, Frey, A, Drayss, M, Goebeler, ME, Flor, T, Fragner, G, Wahl, N, Totzke, J, Sayehli, C, Hakak, S, Altaf, W, O'Sullivan, M, Murphy, A, Walsh, L, Rega La Valle, A, Bewley, J, Sweet, K, Grimmer, L, Johnson, R, Wyatt, R, Morgan, K, Varghese, S, Willis, J, Stratton, E, Kyle, L, Putensen, D, Drury, K, Skorko, A, Bremmer, P, Ward, G, Bassford, C, Sligl, W, Baig, N, Rewa, O, Bagshaw, S, Basile, K, Stavor, D, Burbee, D, McNamara, A, Wunderley, R, Bensen, N, Adams, P, Vita, T, Buhay, M, Scholl, D, Gilliam, M, Winters, J, Doherty, K, Berryman, E, Ghaffari, M, Marroquin, O, Quinn, K, Garrard, W, Kalchthaler, K, Beard, G, Skrtich, A, Bagavathy, K, Drapola, D, Bryan-Morris, K, Arnold, J, Reynolds, B, Hussain, M, Dunsavage, J, Saiyed, S, Hernandez, E, Goldman, J, Brown, C, Comp, S, Raczek, J, Morris, J, Vargas Jr., J, Weiss, D, Hensley, J, Kochert, E, Wnuk, C, Nemeth, C, Mowery, B, Hutchinson, C, Winters, L, McAdams, D, Walker, G, Minnier, T, Wisniewski, M, Mayak, K, McCreary, E, Bariola, R, Viehman, A, Daley, J, Lopus, A, Schmidhofer, M, Ambrosino, R, Keen, S, Toffalo, S, Stambaugh, M, Trimmer, K, Perri, R, Casali, S, Medva, R, Massar, B, Beyerl, A, Burkey, J, Keeler, S, Lowery, M, Oncea, L, Daugherty, J, Sevilla, C, Woelke, A, Dice, J, Weber, L, Roth, J, Ferringer, C, Beer, D, Fesz, J, Carpio, L, Colin, G, Zinzoni, V, Maquigneau, N, Henri-Lagarrigue, M, Pouplet, C, Reill, L, Distler, M, Maselli, A, Martynoga, R, Trask, K, Butler, A, Attwood, B, Parsons, P, Campbell, B, Smith, A, Page, V, Zhao, X, Oza, D, Abrahamson, G, Sheath, B, Young, P, Young, C, Lesona, E, Navarra, L, Cruz, R, Delaney, K, Aguilar-Dano, A, Gojanovic, M, Rhodes, J, Anderson, T, Morris, S, Nayyar, V, Bowen, D, Kong, J, Joy, J, Fuchs, R, Lambert, B, Tai, C, Thomas, A, Keen, A, Tierney, C, Omer, N, Bacon, G, Tridente, A, Shuker, K, Anders, J, Greer, S, Scott, P, Millington, A, Buchanan, P, Binnie, A, Powell, E, McMillan, A, Luk, T, Aref, N, Denmade, C, Sadera, G, Jacob, R, Hughes, D, Sterba, M, Geng, W, Digby, S, Southern, D, Reddy, H, Hulse, S, Campbell, A, Garton, M, Watkins, C, Smuts, S, Quinn, A, Simpson, B, McMillan, C, Finch, C, Hill, C, Cooper, J, Budd, J, Small, C, O’Leary, R, Collins, E, Holland, A, Alexander, P, Felton, T, Ferguson, S, Sellers, K, Ward, L, Yates, D, Birkinshaw, I, Kell, K, Scott, Z, Pearson, H, Hashmi, M, Hassan, N, Panjwani, A, Umrani, Z, Shaikh, M, Ain, Q, Kanwal, D, Van Bree, S, Bouw-Ruiter, M, Osinga, M, Van Zanten, A, McEldrew, R, Rashan, S, Singh, V, Azergui, N, Bari, S, Beltran, M, Brugman, C, Groeneveld, E, Jafarzadeh, M, Keijzer-Timmers, N, Kester, E, Koelink, M, Kwakkenbos-Craanen, M, Okundaye, C, Parker, L, Peters, S, Post, S, Rietveld, I, Scheepstra-Beukers, I, Schreuder, G, Smit, A, Brillinger, N, Markgraf, R, Eichinger, F, Doran, P, Anjum, A, Best-Lane, J, Barton, F, Miller, L, Richards-Belle, A, Saull, M, Sprinckmoller, S, Wiley, D, Darnell, R, Au, C, Lindstrum, K, Cheng, A, Forbes, A, Heritier, S, Trapani, T, Cuthbertson, B, Manoharan, V, Dondrop, A, Tolppa, T, Ehrmann, S, Hullegie, S, Povoa, P, Beasley, R, Daneman, N, McGloughlin, S, Paterson, D, Venkatesh, B, De Jong, M, Uyeki, T, Baillie, K, Netea, M, Orr, K, Patanwala, A, Tong, S, Cooper, N, Galea, J, Leavis, H, Ogungbenro, K, Patawala, A, Rademaker, E, Youngstein, T, Carrier, M, Fergusson, D, Hunt, B, Kumar, A, Laffan, M, Lother, S, Middeldorp, S, Stanworth, S, De Man, A, Masse, M-H, Abraham, J, Arnold, D, Begin, P, Charlewood, R, Chasse, M, Coyne, M, Daly, J, Gosbell, I, Harvala-Simmonds, H, MacLennan, S, McDyer, J, Menon, D, Pridee, N, Roberts, D, Thomas, H, Tinmouth, A, Triulzi, D, Walsh, T, Wood, E, Calfee, C, O’Kane, C, Shyamsundar, M, Sinha, P, Thompson, T, Young, I, Burrell, A, Ferguson, N, Hodgson, C, Orford, N, Phua, J, Baron, R, Epelman, S, Frankfurter, C, Gommans, F, Kim, E, Leaf, D, Vaduganathan, M, Van Kimmenade, R, Sanil, A, Van Beurden, M, Effelaar, E, Schotsman, J, Boyd, C, Harland, C, Shearer, A, Wren, J, Attanayaka, U, Darshana, S, Ishani, P, Udayanga, I, Higgins, AM, Berry, LR, Lorenzi, E, Murthy, S, McQuilten, Z, Mouncey, PR, Al-Beidh, F, Annane, D, Arabi, YM, Beane, A, Van Bentum-Puijk, W, Bhimani, Z, Bonten, MJM, Bradbury, CA, Brunkhorst, FM, Buzgau, A, Buxton, M, Charles, WN, Cove, M, Detry, MA, Estcourt, LJ, Fagbodun, EO, Fitzgerald, M, Girard, TD, Goligher, EC, Goossens, H, Haniffa, R, Hills, T, Horvat, CM, Huang, DT, Ichihara, N, Lamontagne, F, Marshall, JC, McAuley, DF, McGlothlin, A, McGuinness, SP, McVerry, BJ, Neal, MD, Nichol, AD, Parke, RL, Parker, JC, Parry-Billings, K, Peters, SEC, Reyes, LF, Rowan, KM, Saito, H, Santos, MS, Saunders, CT, Serpa-Neto, A, Seymour, CW, Shankar-Hari, M, Stronach, LM, Turgeon, AF, Turner, AM, Van de Veerdonk, FL, Zarychanski, R, Green, C, Lewis, RJ, Angus, DC, McArthur, CJ, Berry, S, Derde, LPG, Gordon, AC, Webb, SA, Lawler, PR, Comm REMAP-CAP Investigators, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Intensive Care Medicine, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Pittsburgh Foundation, PF, Amgen, Health Research Board, HRB: CTN 2014-012, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020: 101003589, Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, TBCRC, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, IRSC: 158584, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, HSF, National Institute for Health and Care Research, NIHR, European Commission, EC, National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC: 1101719, APP194811, CS-2016-16-011, GNT2008447, RP-2015-06-18, Office of Health and Medical Research, OHMR, Health Research Council of New Zealand, HRC: 16/631, Eisai, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé: PHRC-20-0147, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, BRC, Minderoo Foundation, Funding/Support : The Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-) emerging Epidemics (PREPARE) consortium by the European Union, FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 (#602525), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Research response (RECOVER) consortium by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (#101003589), the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (#APP1101719), the Australian Medical Research Future Fund (#APP2002132), the Health Research Council of New Zealand (#16/631), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Innovative Clinical Trials Program Grant (#158584) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research COVID-19 Rapid Research Funding (#447335), the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN 2014-012), the UPMC Learning While Doing Program, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the French Ministry of Health (PHRC-20-0147), the Wellcome Trust Innovations Project (215522), the Minderoo Foundation, the EU Programme Emergency Support Instrument, the NHS Blood and Transplant Research and Development Programme, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the NSW Office of Health and Medical Research, Amgen, Eisai, and the Pittsburgh Foundation. Dr Higgins is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (GNT2008447). Dr McQuilten is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (APP194811). Dr Gordon is funded by an NIHR Research Professorship (RP-2015-06-18) and Dr Shankar-Hari by an NIHR Clinician Scientist Fellowship (CS-2016-16-011). Dr Turgeon is the Chairholder of the Canada Research Chair in Critical Care Neurology and Trauma. Dr Lawler is supported by a career award from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada., and European Project: 602525,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,PREPARE(2014)
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Adult ,Male ,corticosteroid ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Critical Illness ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,antiplatelet ,Lopinavir ,Adaptive platform trial randomized controlled trial intensive care, pneumonia COVID-19 antiplatelet immunoglobulin antiviral corticosteroid immune modulation anticoagulation ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Humans ,anticoagulation ,intensive care, pneumonia ,COVID-19 Serotherapy ,Original Investigation ,Medicine(all) ,immune modulation ,Ritonavir ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Anticoagulants ,Bayes Theorem ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,antiviral ,Receptors, Interleukin-6 ,Adaptive platform trial ,randomized controlled trial ,Female ,Human medicine ,immunoglobulin ,Follow-Up Studies ,Hydroxychloroquine - Abstract
ImportanceThe longer-term effects of therapies for the treatment of critically ill patients with COVID-19 are unknown.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of multiple interventions for critically ill adults with COVID-19 on longer-term outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPrespecified secondary analysis of an ongoing adaptive platform trial (REMAP-CAP) testing interventions within multiple therapeutic domains in which 4869 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 were enrolled between March 9, 2020, and June 22, 2021, from 197 sites in 14 countries. The final 180-day follow-up was completed on March 2, 2022.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive 1 or more interventions within 6 treatment domains: immune modulators (n = 2274), convalescent plasma (n = 2011), antiplatelet therapy (n = 1557), anticoagulation (n = 1033), antivirals (n = 726), and corticosteroids (n = 401).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was survival through day 180, analyzed using a bayesian piecewise exponential model. A hazard ratio (HR) less than 1 represented improved survival (superiority), while an HR greater than 1 represented worsened survival (harm); futility was represented by a relative improvement less than 20% in outcome, shown by an HR greater than 0.83.ResultsAmong 4869 randomized patients (mean age, 59.3 years; 1537 [32.1%] women), 4107 (84.3%) had known vital status and 2590 (63.1%) were alive at day 180. IL-6 receptor antagonists had a greater than 99.9% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.74 [95% credible interval {CrI}, 0.61-0.90]) and antiplatelet agents had a 95% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.85 [95% CrI, 0.71-1.03]) compared with the control, while the probability of trial-defined statistical futility (HR >0.83) was high for therapeutic anticoagulation (99.9%; HR, 1.13 [95% CrI, 0.93-1.42]), convalescent plasma (99.2%; HR, 0.99 [95% CrI, 0.86-1.14]), and lopinavir-ritonavir (96.6%; HR, 1.06 [95% CrI, 0.82-1.38]) and the probabilities of harm from hydroxychloroquine (96.9%; HR, 1.51 [95% CrI, 0.98-2.29]) and the combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine (96.8%; HR, 1.61 [95% CrI, 0.97-2.67]) were high. The corticosteroid domain was stopped early prior to reaching a predefined statistical trigger; there was a 57.1% to 61.6% probability of improving 6-month survival across varying hydrocortisone dosing strategies.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong critically ill patients with COVID-19 randomized to receive 1 or more therapeutic interventions, treatment with an IL-6 receptor antagonist had a greater than 99.9% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control, and treatment with an antiplatelet had a 95.0% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control. Overall, when considered with previously reported short-term results, the findings indicate that initial in-hospital treatment effects were consistent for most therapies through 6 months.
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- 2023
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46. 869. Oral Encochleated Amphotericin B for Cryptococcal Meningitis: a Phase II Randomized Trial
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Mucunguzi Atukunda, Enock Kagimu, Morris K Rutakingirwa, Lillian Tugume, Laura Nsangi, Abdu Musubire, Jane Gakuru, Timothy Mugabi, Andrew Akampurira, Kenneth Ssebambulidde, John Kasibante, Jayne Ellis, Edward Mpoza, Darlisha A Williams, Ann M Fieberg, Caleb Skipper, Mahsa Abassi, Kathy Huppler Hullsiek, David Meya, and David R Boulware
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Infectious Diseases ,Oncology - Abstract
Background Intravenous (IV) amphotericin B is the gold standard treatment of severe mycoses. A new orally absorbed, less-toxic formulation of amphotericin has been developed (Matinas Biopharma). We evaluated the efficacy of this novel anti-fungal agent amongst adults with cryptococcal meningitis. Methods We conducted a phase II randomized clinical trial testing oral encochleated amphotericin B (cAMB) versus IV amphotericin B for first episode cryptococcal meningitis in Kampala, Uganda from December 2020 to August 2021. Participants were HIV-positive, CSF cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) positive, and had the capacity to consent and take oral medications (GCS=15). Participants in the experimental arm received two loading doses of either IV deoxycholate amphotericin B 1.0 mg/kg/day or liposomal amphotericin 3 mg/kg/day, followed by 1.8g oral cAMB daily in 6 divided doses through 2 weeks with flucytosine (5FC) at 100mg/kg/day, and thereafter cAMB at 1.2g daily in 4 divided doses through 6 weeks. Participants in the control arm received 7 days of IV amphotericin B (deoxycholate or liposomal) with 5FC, then 7 days of fluconazole 1200mg/day. After 14 days, all participants received fluconazole 800mg/day through 10 weeks and thereafter a maintenance dose of 200mg/day. Results We randomized 40 participants to oral cAMB + 5FC and 30 control participants to IV amphotericin + 5FC. With cAMB the 30-day survival was 97.5% (39/40) and 18-week survival was 90% (36/40) compared with 87% (26/30) 18-week survival in IV amphotericin controls. The CSF Early Fungicidal Activity (EFA) was lower with oral cAMB (mean EFA = 0.42 log10Cryptococcus CFU/mL/day; 95%CI, 0.29 to 0.54) versus IV amphotericin (mean EFA = 0.52 log10 CFU/mL/day; 95%CI, 0.39 to 0.66). Among those CSF culture positive at baseline, CSF sterility was achieved by 2 weeks in 65% (24/37) of cAMB participants and 68% (17/25) of controls. Grade >=3 laboratory adverse events were more common with IV amphotericin. Grade 3–4 anaemia occurred in 10% (n=4) with cAMB versus 37% (n=11) with IV amphotericin. Grade 3 hypokalaemia (< 3mEq/L) occurred in 5% (n=2) with cAMB versus 27% (n=8) with IV amphotericin. Conclusion Novel oral cAMB appears to be a safe agent with promising efficacy for HIV-related cryptococcal meningitis. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.
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- 2022
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47. Distal jejunal obstruction due to Cryptococcus neoformans and rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection: A case report
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Kasibante, John, primary, Kagimu, Enock, additional, Rutakingirwa, Morris K., additional, Jjunju, Samuel, additional, Tugume, Lillian, additional, and Meya, David B., additional
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- 2022
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48. Cost-effectiveness of single, high-dose, liposomal amphotericin regimen for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in five countries in sub-Saharan Africa: an economic analysis of the AMBITION-cm trial
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Lawrence, David S, primary, Muthoga, Charles, additional, Meya, David B, additional, Tugume, Lillian, additional, Williams, Darlisha, additional, Rajasingham, Radha, additional, Boulware, David R, additional, Mwandumba, Henry C, additional, Moyo, Melanie, additional, Dziwani, Eltas N, additional, Maheswaran, Hendramoorthy, additional, Kanyama, Cecilia, additional, Hosseinipour, Mina C, additional, Chawinga, Chimwemwe, additional, Meintjes, Graeme, additional, Schutz, Charlotte, additional, Comins, Kyla, additional, Bango, Funeka, additional, Muzoora, Conrad, additional, Jjunju, Samuel, additional, Nuwagira, Edwin, additional, Mosepele, Mosepele, additional, Leeme, Tshepo, additional, Ndhlovu, Chiratidzo E, additional, Hlupeni, Admire, additional, Shamu, Shepherd, additional, Boyer-Chammard, Timothée, additional, Molloy, Síle F, additional, Youssouf, Nabila, additional, Chen, Tao, additional, Shiri, Tinevimbo, additional, Jaffar, Shabbar, additional, Harrison, Thomas S, additional, Jarvis, Joseph N, additional, Niessen, Louis W, additional, Goodall, Jack, additional, Lechiile, Kwana, additional, Mawoko, Norah, additional, Mbangiwa, Tshepiso, additional, Milburn, James, additional, Mmipi, Refilwe, additional, Ponatshego, Ponego, additional, Rulaganyang, Ikanyang, additional, Seatla, Kaelo, additional, Siamisang, Keatlaretse, additional, Tlhako, Nametso, additional, Tsholo, Katlego, additional, April, Samantha, additional, Bekiswa, Abulele, additional, Boloko, Linda, additional, Bookholane, Hloni, additional, Crede, Thomas, additional, Davids, Lee-Ann, additional, Goliath, Rene, additional, Hlungulu, Siphokazi, additional, Hoffman, Regina, additional, Kyepa, Henriette, additional, Masina, Noma, additional, Maughan, Deborah, additional, Mnguni, Trevor, additional, Moosa, Sumaiyya, additional, Morar, Tania, additional, Mpalali, Mkanyiseli, additional, Naude, Jonathan, additional, Oliphant, Ida, additional, Singh, Achita, additional, Sayed, Sumaya, additional, Sebesho, Leago, additional, Shey, Muki, additional, Swanepoel, Loraine, additional, Chasweka, Madalitso, additional, Chimang'anga, Wezi, additional, Chimphambano, Tipatseni, additional, Gondwe, Ebbie, additional, Mzinganjira, Henry, additional, Kadzilimbile, Aubrey, additional, Kateta, Steven, additional, Kossam, Evelyn, additional, Kukacha, Christopher, additional, Lipenga, Bright, additional, Ndaferankhande, John, additional, Ndalama, Maureen, additional, Shah, Reya, additional, Singini, Andreas, additional, Stott, Katherine, additional, Zambasa, Agness, additional, Banda, Towera, additional, Chikaonda, Tarsizio, additional, Chitulo, Gladys, additional, Chiwoko, Lorren, additional, Chome, Nelecy, additional, Gwin, Mary, additional, Kachitosi, Timothy, additional, Kamanga, Beauty, additional, Kazembe, Mussah, additional, Kumwenda, Emily, additional, Kumwenda, Masida, additional, Maya, Chimwemwe, additional, Mhango, Wilberforce, additional, Mphande, Chimwemwe, additional, Msumba, Lusungu, additional, Munthali, Tapiwa, additional, Ngoma, Doris, additional, Nicholas, Simon, additional, Simwinga, Lusayo, additional, Stambuli, Anthony, additional, Tegha, Gerald, additional, Zambezi, Janet, additional, Ahimbisibwe, Cynthia, additional, Akampurira, Andrew, additional, Alice, Anamudde, additional, Cresswell, Fiona, additional, Gakuru, Jane, additional, Kagimu, Enock, additional, Kasibante, John, additional, Kiiza, Daniel, additional, Kisembo, John, additional, Kwizera, Richard, additional, Kugonza, Florence, additional, Laker, Eva, additional, Luggya, Tonny, additional, Lule, Andrew, additional, Musubire, Abdu, additional, Muyise, Rhona, additional, Namujju, Carol Olivie, additional, Ndyetukira, Jane Francis, additional, Nsangi, Laura, additional, Okirworth, Michael, additional, Rhein, Joshua, additional, Rutakingirwa, Morris K, additional, Sadiq, Alisat, additional, Ssebambulidde, Kenneth, additional, Tadeo, Kiiza, additional, Tukundane, Asmus, additional, Atwine, Leo, additional, Buzaare, Peter, additional, Collins, Muganzi, additional, Emily, Ninsima, additional, Inyakuwa, Christine, additional, Kariisa, Samson, additional, Mwesigye, James, additional, Nuwamanya, Simpson, additional, Rodgers, Ankunda, additional, Rukundo, Joan, additional, Rwomushana, Irene, additional, Ssemusu, Mike, additional, Stead, Gavin, additional, Boyd, Kathyrn, additional, Gondo, Secrecy, additional, Kufa, Prosper, additional, Makaha, Edward, additional, Moyo, Colombus, additional, Mtisi, Takudzwa, additional, Mudzinga, Shepherd, additional, Mutata, Constantine, additional, Mwarumba, Taddy, additional, Zinyandu, Tawanda, additional, Alanio, Alexandre, additional, Dromer, Francoise, additional, Lortholary, Olivier, additional, Sturny-Leclere, Aude, additional, Griffin, Philippa, additional, Hafeez, Sophia, additional, Loyse, Angela, additional, and van Widenfelt, Erik, additional
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- 2022
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49. 869. Oral Encochleated Amphotericin B for Cryptococcal Meningitis: a Phase II Randomized Trial
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Atukunda, Mucunguzi, primary, Kagimu, Enock, additional, Rutakingirwa, Morris K, additional, Tugume, Lillian, additional, Nsangi, Laura, additional, Musubire, Abdu, additional, Gakuru, Jane, additional, Mugabi, Timothy, additional, Akampurira, Andrew, additional, Ssebambulidde, Kenneth, additional, Kasibante, John, additional, Ellis, Jayne, additional, Mpoza, Edward, additional, Williams, Darlisha A, additional, Fieberg, Ann M, additional, Skipper, Caleb, additional, Abassi, Mahsa, additional, Hullsiek, Kathy Huppler, additional, Meya, David, additional, and Boulware, David R, additional
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- 2022
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50. The significance of circulating tumour cells in breast cancer: A review
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Castle, J., Shaker, H., Morris, K., Tugwood, J.D., and Kirwan, C.C.
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- 2014
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