Search

V magistrski nalogi smo analizirali poklicne nezgode pri delu v gozdu za obdobje 2009—2018. Cilj je bil analizirati pojavnost nezgod v tem obdobju in dejavnike, ki vplivajo na nezgode, tudi morebiten vpliv luninih men. V raziskavo je bilo zajetih 863 nezgod glede na obrazce za prijavo nezgod pri delu (ER8). Nezgode smo delno analizirali tudi glede na to, ali so se zgodile podjetjem, ki imajo gozdarsko dejavnost registrirano na prvem mestu, ali drugim podjetjem, kjer je gozdarska dejavnost vsaj na drugem mestu. Rezultati kažejo zmanjšanje števila nezgod iz 99 leta 2009 na 80 leta 2018. Upadanje nezgod ni enakomerno, predvsem so vidne povečane pojavnosti nezgod po naravnih ujmah večjega obsega leta 2014, 2015 in 2018. Resnost nezgod se povečuje. Leta 2009 je bilo 91,9 % lažjih, 8,1 % težjih in nič smrtnih nezgod, leta 2018 pa 86,3 % lažjih, 12,5 % težjih in 1,3 % smrtnih nezgod. Največ nezgod se je zgodilo spomladi in v jeseni, v začetku in na koncu delovnega tedna in med 9. in 13. uro. Delavci s poklicem kmetovalec in gozdar, ribič ali lovec so najpogosteje udeleženi v nezgodah. Žarišče nezgod je med delovnima fazama sečnja in izdelava ter spravilo lesa. Največkrat so za poškodbe krivi deli dreves ter zdrsi in padci. Pri tem je nastalo največ udarcev, zvinov in nategov. Najbolj dovzetni telesni deli za poškodbe so noge od kolen navzdol ter roke. Lunine mene nimajo značilnega vpliva na razporeditev nezgod. Ukrepi za preprečevanje nezgod morajo biti usmerjeni v čas največje delovne aktivnosti, v izobraževanje neizkušenih in razbremenjevanje starejših delavcev. In this master’s thesis we analysed occupational accidents of forestry workers in Slovenia for the period 2009–2018. The purpose of the research was to analyze the occurrence of these accidents and the factors (including moon phases) that influence them. A total of 863 accident were included in this research, submitted to us via the official form for reporting accidents at work (ER8). The results show a decrease in the number of accidents from 99 in 2009 to 80 in 2018. The decline in the number of accidents is not uniform, the increase is visible after major natural disasters in 2014, 2015 and 2018. The severity of accidents is also increasing, in 2009 there was 91,9 % of minor, 8,1 % of heavier and zero lethal accidents. In 2018, there was 86,3 % of minor, 12,5 % of heavier and 1,3 % of lethal accidents. The most accidents occurred in spring or autumn, right after the start of weekdays or near the end of them and between 9. to 13. hour during the workday. Workers with occupation farmer and forester, fisherman or hunter are involved in accidents the most. Majority of accidents happened during felling and during skidding. The most common causes of injuries were parts of trees, slips and falls. This resulted predominantly in hits, sprains and strains. The most susceptible body parts are lower parts of legs and hands. Moon phases have no correlation with the distribution of accidents. Measures for the prevention of forestry accidents should be aimed at the time of maximum work activity, training of inexperienced workers and relieving older workers of the very physically demanding tasks.

Lunar phases remarkably influence the circadian cycle of living beings. Early amphibian studies date back to the 1960s, but only recently has more research been conducted in this field. Much still needs to be understood to establish the behavioral pattern of this group according to the synodic cycle. In the present study, we sought to determine (i) whether the vocalization activity was influenced by the lunar phases and (ii) whether the influence was species-specific or affects the community with equal intensity. We expected a great diversity of behaviors and adaptations. Rayleigh's test was used to verify whether the sample differs significantly from the null hypothesis; Rao's test was used to check sample size sufficiency; and the Kiviat diagram was used to evaluate the activity of the species in relation to the complete synodic cycle. We have observed 1691 individuals of 37 species over 882 d. The lunar cycle influenced 78 % of the species, with 32 % preferring the lower-albedo phases. The activity pattern of each species was established. These results suggest that the lunar phases influence the vocalization activity of most species. Therefore, there is a general pattern of activity related to the synodic cycles; however, the specificities still need to be better understood.

Yeats’s contrasting gyres are closely related to another important symbol— the circle or the Great Wheel. Yeats’s Great Wheel consists of 28 phases of the moon, each representing a different type of human incarnation. The purpose of this study is to outline a modest map with the important symbol, the moon in A Vision to help understand the Yeats poetry. For this purpose, this article deals with the 28 phases of the moon in A Vision, related to the influence on Yeats’s symbolical system.

Objective: To investigate the influence of external factors such as lunar and meteorological effects on the frequency of birth deliveries. It includes the lunar gravitational force using the scarcely investigated lunar apogee and perigee (furthest and closest distance to earth, respectively). Material and methods: A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of all spontaneous single deliveries during a 4 year period (2015–2018). A statistical analysis was performed on the relationship of the deliveries using birth rates with qualitative lunar variables (four classic phases, lunar apogee- perigee, and super moons) and quantitative atmospheric variables (mean atmospheric pressures, mean temperature, and mean wind velocity). Results: No relationship was found between the variables studied and the birth rate. There were periods with more births in the months of May and June. Conclusion: Despite the myth on the meteorological, and in particular, the lunar influence on birth deliveries, no statistical association was found to support this. Furthermore, the classic moon phases and the lunar gravitational force do not seem to trigger birth delivery either. Resumen: Objetivo: Investigar influencia externa tanto lunar como climatológica en la frecuencia de partos. Incluye fuerza gravitacional lunar mediante apogeo y perigeo lunar apenas investigado. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo mediante revisión de historias clínicas de todos partos únicos de inicio espontaneo durante un periodo de 4 años (2015–2018). Se analiza estadísticamente la relación de los partos mediante coeficiente de nacimientos con variables cualitativas lunares (cuatro fases clásicas, apogeo-perigeo lunar y superlunas) y variables cuantitativas atmosféricas (presiones atmosféricas medias, temperatura media y velocidad media de viento). Resultados: No se encontró relación entre las variables estudiadas y el coeficiente de nacimientos. Se encontró periodicidad de partos con más nacimientos en los meses de mayo y junio. Conclusión: Pese al mito existente de la influencia meteorológica y, sobre todo, lunar en los partos, no se encuentra razón estadística que lo apoye. Además de las fases clásicas, la fuerza gravitacional lunar tampoco parece desencadenar el parto.

Resumen: Objetivo: Investigar la influencia externa tanto lunar como climatológica en la frecuencia de partos. Incluye fuerza gravitacional lunar mediante apogeo y perigeo lunar apenas investigado. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo mediante revisión de historias clínicas de todos los partos únicos de inicio espontáneo durante un periodo de 4 años (2015-2018). Se analiza estadísticamente la relación de los partos mediante coeficiente de nacimientos con variables cualitativas lunares (4 fases clásicas, apogeo-perigeo lunar y superlunas) y variables cuantitativas atmosféricas (presiones atmosféricas medias, temperatura media y velocidad media del viento). Resultados: No se encontró relación entre las variables estudiadas y el coeficiente de nacimientos. Se encontró periodicidad de partos con más nacimientos en los meses de mayo y junio. Conclusión: Pese al mito existente de la influencia meteorológica y, sobre todo, lunar en los partos, no se encuentra razón estadística que lo apoye. Además de las fases clásicas, la fuerza gravitacional lunar tampoco parece desencadenar el parto. Abstract: Objective: To investigate the influence of external factors such as lunar and meteorological effects on the frequency of birth deliveries. It includes the lunar gravitational force using the scarcely investigated lunar apogee and perigee (furthest and closest distance to earth, respectively). Material and methods: A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of all spontaneous single deliveries during a 4 year period (2015-2018). A statistical analysis was performed on the relationship of the deliveries using birth rates with qualitative lunar variables (four classic phases, lunar apogee- perigee, and super moons) and quantitative atmospheric variables (mean atmospheric pressures, mean temperature, and mean wind velocity). Results: No relationship was found between the variables studied and the birth rate. There were periods with more births in the months of May and June. Conclusion: Despite the myth on the meteorological, and in particular, the lunar influence on birth deliveries, no statistical association was found to support this. Furthermore, the classic moon phases and the lunar gravitational force do not seem to trigger birth delivery either.

The history recorded moon as the most inspiring object in the sky, but it combined with visibility issues to study the phases. This research paper proposes a novel algorithm named Sunfa Ata Zuyan (SAZ), which is meant to extend the shape detection algorithms to aim for lunar phase deceleration and overcome the difficulties encountered by the previous methods to find the moon and determine its phase. The paper sets to investigate two aims. First, propose the add-on algorithm SAZ to determine the lunar phase's data faster. Secondly, evaluate the Raspberry Pi as the main CPU due to its compact size and power as the primary processor based on the idea of a portable designed system. Then to examine the ability of the SAZ algorithm, it's combined with famous algorithms like hue, saturation and value (HSV), Canny, erosion, shape detection, and binarization has been tested on both personal computers (PC) and Raspberry Pi with the same images being compared. The results show that SAZ will help the shape detection algorithm to find the object and disclose the moon phases. Furthermore, the Raspberry Pi, functioning as a CPU, can perform as a hand-to-hand system to determine the lunar phase as a compact portable remote sensing structure.

Introduction: Temporal niche changes can shape predator-prey interactions by allowing prey to evade predators, improve feeding efficiency, and reduce competition among predators. In addition to circadian activity patterns, the monthly lunar cycle can influence the nocturnal activity of mammals. Objective: Through camera trap surveys at sites on the Pacific slope and the Talamanca Cordillera, we investigated the patterns of circadian (day and night) and nocturnal activity during the moon phases of the jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor). Methods: We investigated the overlap and temporal segregation between pairs of each predator and its primary prey, and between its competitors using overlap analysis, circular statistics, and relative abundance, taking into account differences in habitat, seasons, and human impact between sites. Results: Our results supported the existence of a temporal niche separation between the two predator species, although both were classified as cathemeral - the jaguar was mainly diurnal, while the puma was mainly nocturnal. We found that the jaguar and puma practice different patterns of nocturnal activity during the phases of the moon, with the jaguar exhibiting a dramatic increase in activity during the full moon and the puma maintaining a more consistent level of activity throughout the moon phases. However, during the full moon, both species were more active at night and less active during the day, suggesting that they practice a temporary niche change to take advantage of hunting activities during the brightest lunar illumination of each month. We discuss predicted primary prey and competing species. Conclusion: We conclude that jaguar and puma exhibit significant niche separation in circadian and lunar activity patterns. Through these differences in temporal activity, jaguar and puma can exploit a slightly different prey base despite their similar large size. Introducción: Los cambios temporales de nicho pueden amoldar las interacciones predador-presa al permitir a la presa evadir los predadores, mejorar la eficacia de la alimentación y reducir la competición entre predadores. Además de los patrones de actividad circadianos, el ciclo lunar mensual puede influye en los patrones de actividad nocturna de los mamíferos. Objetivo: Mediante muestreos con cámaras trampa en sitios de la pendiente del Pacífico y la Cordillera de Talamanca, investigamos los patrones de actividad circadiana (día y noche) y nocturna durante las fases de la luna del jaguar (Panthera onca) y puma (Puma concolor). Métodos: Investigamos la superposición y segregación temporal entre pares de cada predador y sus presas primarias, y entre sus competidores utilizando análisis de superposición, estadísticas circulares y abundancia relativa, teniendo en cuenta diferencias de hábitat, estaciones, y de impacto humano entre los sitios. Resultados: Nuestros resultados respaldaron la existencia de una separación temporal de nicho entre las dos especies de predadores, aunque ambos fueron clasificados como catemerales, el jaguar era principalmente diurno, mientras que el puma era principalmente nocturno. Descubrimos que el jaguar y el puma practican distintos patrones de actividad nocturna durante las fases de la luna, con el jaguar exhibiendo un aumento dramático en la actividad durante la luna llena y el puma manteniendo un nivel de actividad más consistente a través de las fases lunares. Sin embargo, durante la luna llena, ambas especies fueron más activas durante la noche y menos activas durante el día, lo que sugiere que practican un cambio de nicho temporal para aprovechar las actividades de caza durante la iluminación lunar más brillante de cada mes. Discutimos las presas primarias predichas y las especies competidoras. Conclusión: Concluimos que el jaguar y el puma exhiben una separación de nicho significativa en actividad circadiana y lunar. A través de estos distintos patrones de actividad temporal, el jaguar y el puma pueden explotar una base de presas ligeramente diferente a pesar de su tamaño similar.

As orientações para o ensino de Astronomia nos anos iniciais são contraditórias em documentos oficiais da educação brasileira – não são recomendados pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN), mas estão entre os critérios de avaliação do Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD). Recentemente foi aprovada a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), documento normatizador que muda a estrutura de toda a educação básica brasileira. Suas determinações podem trazer mudanças significativas nos currículos de Ciências e nos livros didáticos. Diante desse cenário, apresentamos uma pesquisa documental, que visa identificar na BNCC o encaminhamento do ensino dos conteúdos de Astronomia nos anos iniciais. Os resultados apontam que a maior parte dos assuntos de Astronomia são determinados pela BNCC para o ensino nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Porém, conteúdos que exigem maior grau de abstração e habilidade espacial para sua compreensão como, por exemplo, estações do ano e fases da Lua, não foram indicados. Quanto à forma de abordagem, atividades de observação direta dos astros e de fenômenos celestes integram o desenvolvimento desses conhecimentos na BNCC.

portuguesNa expectativa da insercao de Astronomia no Ensino de Ciencias, desenvolvemos a investigacao cujos resultados apresentamos neste artigo. Por meio de um questionario, diversos professores de uma escola da rede publica do estado de Minas Gerais foram interpelados sobre suas limitacoes conceituais relacionadas a Astronomia, o que contribuiu com a evidenciacao de diversas dificuldades teoricas basicas, tais como: dias da semana, estacoes do ano, fases da lua e Astronomia observacional. Perante esse quadro, realizou-se a elaboracao de uma Sequencia Didatica (SD), com o apoio metodologico dos tres momentos pedagogicos: problematizacao inicial; organizacao do conhecimento; aplicacao do conhecimento. A descricao do processo de elaboracao e a Sequencia Didatica e o que apresentamos neste artigo. Participaram de nossa pesquisa estudantes do Ensino Medio da mesma escola, mais especificamente do 2o ano. A escolha pelo 2o ano foi, primeiramente, pelo fato de que a maioria dos professores selecionados ministrava aulas nessas turmas e, tambem, pela presenca de conteudos de Astronomia e de Cosmologia nas disciplinas de Geografia e de Fisica. Destacamos, ainda, que diante do que realizamos, podemos afirmar que a Astronomia e a Cosmologia podem ser instrumentos de mobilizacao a favor do Ensino de Ciencias e sobre a Ciencia. Todavia, percebeu-se, mediante as respostas coletadas junto aos professores sujeitos de nossa pesquisa, a dificuldade deles com relacao ao conhecimento dos conteudos pertinentes a essas areas da Ciencia. Por isso, buscou-se por atividades que sanassem essas limitacoes apontadas e que culminou na SD, que objetivou dar significado ao aprendizado cientifico da Astronomia e da Cosmologia, tanto para os professores em exercicio quanto para seus alunos. EnglishIn anticipation of the insertion of Astronomy in Science Education, we developed a research whose results we present in this article. Through a questionnaire, several teachers from a public school in the state of Minas Gerais were asked about their conceptual limitations related to astronomy, which contributed to perceive several difficulties in some basic concepts, such as: days of the week, seasons, moon phases, observational astronomy. Based on this observation, a Didactic Sequence entitled “visions of the sky” was elaborated. We applied the methodological support of the three pedagogical moments: initial problematization; knowledge organization; application of knowledge. We present in this article the description of the elaboration process and the Didactic Sequence. The choice for the 2nd year high school students was primarily due to the fact that most of the selected teachers were responsible for these classes and, also, due to the presence of Astronomy and Cosmology contents in the disciplines of Geography and Physics. We also emphasize that in view of what we have accomplished, we can say that Astronomy and Cosmology can be used as instruments of mobilization in favor of Science Teaching and about Science. However, it was realized, through the answers collected from the teachers subject to our research, their difficulty in relation to the knowledge of the contents relevant to these areas of Science. For this reason, activities were sought to remedy these limitations and culminating in this SD, which aimed to give meaning to the scientific learning of Astronomy and Cosmology, both for practicing teachers and for their students.

There is a proven influence of the moon on some agricultural tasks, but at level of the animals such influence has beenlittle analyzed. The objective of this research was the analyze of influence moon about some reproductive process inbovines. The results of the present investigation were obtained by X2 from a data set of 830 registrations of natural heatand 305 data of births, collected of some herds located in the Southern Region of Ecuador-South America. The studyshowed that the natural heat and the births in bovines follow a cyclical process, having a higher incidence of these processesin the phases of first quarter and full moon, while in the waning phase, the incidence is lower. Also is noted thatthe mating cows in any phase, tend to calve in the two following phases and the probability of parturition in the samephase that occurred the mating is lower. As for the synchronization of heat, the better results in the conception rate at thefirst service were obtained when the female bovine were synchronizing in the dark moon and first quarter phases. Inconclusion have influence of the moon phases in the reproductive process analyzed, so is important it’s considered fortake better results.

This action research was conducted to overcome the problem of students’mastery in the Moon phases concept for year 5 students. The 3 dimensional Moon phases model was used to improve the mastery of the students in the concept of the Moon phases. This study is also carried out to see if the students' motivation increases to study the concept of Moon phases by using 3 dimensional Moon phases model. In addition, this study was also carried out to improve the teaching practice of the Moon Phase concept through the application of 3 dimensional Moon phases model. This study was conducted on qualitatively and quantitatively. The sample of the study comprised of 5-year students. A total of 37 students with the moderate achievement of a total of 236 years 5 students in a school in Cheras were selected as sample studies. This study uses the 3D Moon phases model as independent variables and the achievement of post-test as dependent variables. This study uses two sets of objective tests for pre and post-test, questionnaire form to see the acceptance level of students on the use of Moon phases model, an analysis of the number of questions that can be answered on reinforcement training sheets and semi-structured student interviews. Analysis data is done using statistical inference and descriptive statistic. The results showed that there were significant differences in the mean of student performance in pre and post-test. While the level of acceptance of the students to the Moon phases model is at a moderate positive level. In general, the use of 3 dimensional Moon phases model contributes to improving students’ mastery for the Moon phases concept.

Variation in moonlight affects foraging, hunting and vigilance behaviours in many nocturnal species. Here, we explore the effect of moonlight on the movement and hunting behaviour of African lions. Previous studies found bright moonlight is associated with reduced hunting success; however, those studies were largely undertaken in open habitats where predators are easily seen by prey species on moonlit nights. In this study we explored whether moonlight affected hunting behaviour and success in a largely wooded environment. Measures of short-term lion movements (distance moved, displacement, and path tortuosity) derived from GPS telemetry data were used as indicators of movement behaviour. Field observations of belly distension were used to assess recent food intake. Lions had greater belly distension (indicating feeding success) on dark nights. However, this change in feeding success was not reflected by lion movement patterns – there was no evidence that these changed across moon phases. There was no evidence that lions used more covered habitats on brighter nights to facilitate concealment.

Fracto-emission signals (Acoustic Emission AE, Electromagnetic Emission EME, and Neutron Emission NE), triggered by high-frequency pressure waves at the different scales, can be used as a promising tool for environmental protection against seismicity. So far, no reliable method has been developed yet for the successful application of earthquake prediction because the physical mechanism of earthquakes and precursors is at present poorly understood, as well as the estimation of the so-called “earthquake preparation zone”. On the other hand, recent studies are also re-evaluating the possible correlation between seismic activity and lunar periodicity. Since July 2013 an in-situ experimental campaign has started at a gypsum mine located in Northern Italy, revealing the strong seismic forecasting potentialities of the fracto-emission peaks by means of a dedicated monitoring platform and a multi-modal statistical analysis. In the present paper, an innovative interpretation of the earthquake preparation area is proposed, and the new experimental evidences obtained at the gypsum mine are reported confirming the previous results (Carpinteri and Borla, 2017). Finally, the relationship between small magnitude earthquake swarms occurred in the surroundings of the mine and the Moon phases is also investigated.

The purpose of the presented article is to study the strategy of the Hublot company at all stages of its life cycle, and the tasks of the study include the study of the history of the company's development and its competitive advantages in the watch market. Aspects of competition in the luxury watch sector are reviewed, as well as measures taken by the company's management to mitigate the effects of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020.

Even though the educational researchers have developed and implemented various educational strategies to teach the concepts of the phases of the Moon and the formation of the lunar eclipse more effectively, many studies conducted by them in recent years reveal that the teachers still do not understand the causes and scientific processes related to the phases of the Moon phases and lunar eclipse. In addition, this situation shows that there are deep problems in teaching the subjects of Moon phases and lunar eclipse to students. Examining the main causes of learning difficulties in the phases of the Moon and lunar eclipse, this study is designed on the basis of development and implementation of a project supported by STRCT (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) in order to discuss the possible solutions. A 5-day activity program including basic astronomy education was applied to science teachers by using the model developed within the scope of the project, and the changes in mental models of the teachers in the subjects of Moon phases and lunar eclipse were examined. This research was carried out with 29 teachers voluntarily participating in the project in the field of Science. In this study in which qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were applied together, as a result of the evaluation of the obtained data, it was observed that the project was very successful in understanding the phases of the Moon and the causes of the lunar eclipse. The obtained results were interpreted by comparing them with the literature. Son yıllarda eğitim araştırmacılarının yaptığı birçok araştırma, Ay’ın evreleri ve Ay tutulmasının oluşması kavramlarını daha etkili bir şekilde öğretmek için çeşitli eğitim stratejileri geliştirip uygulamalarına rağmen, öğretmenlerin Ay’ın evreleri ve Ay tutulmasının oluşma nedenlerini ve bilimsel süreçlerini hala kavrayamadıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu durum, Ay’ın evreleri ve Ay tutulması konularının öğrencilere öğretilmesinde derin sorunlar yaşandığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Ay’ın evreleri ve Ay tutulması konularındaki öğrenme zorluklarının temel nedenlerinin araştırılarak, olası çözümlerin tartışılması için TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) tarafından desteklenen bir proje geliştirilmesi ve uygulanması üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Proje kapsamında geliştirilen model kullanılarak fen bilimleri öğretmenlerine temel astronomi eğitimi konularını da kapsayan 5 günlük bir etkinlik programı uygulanmış ve öğretmenlerin Ay’ın evreleri ve Ay tutulması konularındaki zihinsel modellerinin değişimleri incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma Fen Bilimleri alanında projeye gönüllü olarak katılan 29 öğretmen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nitel ve nicel veri toplama yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucu, Ay’ın evreleri ve Ay tutulmasının oluşum nedenlerinin kavranmasında oldukça başarılı olunduğu gözlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar literatürle karşılaştırılarak yorum yapılmıştır. Article visualizations

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a percepção espaço-temporal de crianças da pré-escola, através do trabalho de sala de aula relacionado aos fenômenos de dia/noite, fases da Lua e estações do ano. Para tanto, foram aplicados três cronogramas de entrevista, um para cada fenômeno, atividades de observação e registro do Sol e da Lua ao longo de seis meses e uma visita ao planetário. A metodologia de investigação utilizada foi mista, quanti e qualitativa, utilizando a fenomenografia como método de pesquisa e, como instrumentos para a coleta dos dados, foram utilizados registros audiovisuais das entrevistas, desenhos das crianças e anotações do diário de bordo da professora acerca das observações. A análise do diário e das entrevistas foi feita através da análise textual discursiva enquanto a análise dos desenhos dos alunos fez uso da teoria de Piaget sobre as fases do desenho infantil. Os resultados indicaram que o ensino da Astronomia deve ser cuidadosamente ajustado à faixa etária da Educação Infantil, se mostrando de suma importância, uma vez que as crianças já trazem consigo uma bagagem sobre estes fenômenos, associada à suas vivências diárias.

We present the development and validation of a new assessment tool, the Moon Phases Concept Inventory for Middle School (MPCI-MS), a concept inventory about the phases of the moon targeting students aged 10 to 14 years old. Items in the questionnaire are based on a careful examination of the concept domain of phases of the moon, ideas and concepts necessary to understand the mechanism of lunar phases, as chosen by a panel of seven professional astronomers. Questions and multiple-choice answers were tested for readability with 5th grade students, tested for reading level, and submitted to a second panel of professional astronomers to check for face and construct validity of the items. The MPCI-MS was tested with N=296 students from grade 5 in elementary school to secondary 2 (M_{age}=10.2 to 14.1). One item about global perspective on lunar phases had to be removed because of poor psychometric properties. The revised MPCI-MS has a post-test Cronbach alpha score of 0.786 and good overall psychometric properties: the mean difficulty index for the MPCI-MS pretest is 0.47, and 0.61 for the post-test; mean point-biserial correlation (post-test) is 0.376. Test-retest without instruction at one-week interval showed high test-retest reliability [M_{pre}=13.696, M_{post}=14.523; t(45)=1.315, p=0.192]. We conclude that the MPCI-MS is a reliable and valid instrument that can discriminate between novices and experts, and can be used to assess 10 to 14 year-old students’ learning gains on the topic of lunar phases. The final version of MPCI-MS is a 19-item instrument, including two new questions about eclipses, that takes between 15 and 25 min for students to complete.

Bu çalışmada Fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin Ay’ın Evreleri konusu hakkında oluşturdukları modellerin 2018 Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı kazanımları doğrultusunda incelenmesi ve bu model fotoğraflarına Fen Bilimleri öğretmenlerince yapılmış yorumlar incelenerek öğretmenlerin model hakkındaki algıları ve yüklediği anlamların anlaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda Facebook’taki 2 farklı eğitim içerikli grupta 5. Sınıf “Güneş, Dünya ve Ay” ünitesi kapsamında Ay’ın evrelerine ait model fotoğrafları ve bu fotoğraflara yapılan yorumlar incelenmiştir. Araştırmada olgubilim (fenomenoloji) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2018 Eylül ve 2019 Ekim ayları arasında sosyal medya platformu olan Facebook’ta Fen Bilimleri üzerine paylaşımların yapıldığı iki gruba üye olup, “Ay’ın Evreleri” ile ilgili model fotoğrafları paylaşmış ve bu fotoğraflarına yorum yapmış 18 Fen Bilimleri öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda 18 model fotoğrafı incelenmiş ve model fotoğraflarına Fen Bilimleri öğretmenlerince yapılan yorumlar irdelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda 18 model fotoğrafının 3 tanesi kendimizi Dünya’dan Ay’a bakıyormuş gibi hayal ettiğimizde görülen evreler olarak sunulurken, 15 tanesi Ay’ın evrelerinin Dünya’dan görünüş şekilleriyle ilgili sunulmuştur. Fen Bilimleri öğretmenlerinin Ay’ın evreleri konusunda kafa karışıklığının olduğu, model yapımında özensiz davrandıkları, ucuz ve basit materyaller kullandıkları, Güneş, Dünya ve Ay’ın büyüklük sıralamasına dikkat etmedikleri, dönme ve dolanma yönlerini somut bir şekilde göstermedikleri, kazanımları modellerde yeterince yansıtamadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuçlar doğrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur., In this study, it was aimed to examine the models created by science teachers on the subject of the Phases of the Moon in line with the subjects of the 2018 Science Curriculum and to understand the teachers' perceptions about the model and the meanings they attribute by examining the comments made by the Science teachers on these model photos. Model photos belonging to the phases of the Moon and the comments made to these photos were examined within the scope of the 5th grade "Sun, Earth and Moon" unit in 2 different educational groups on Facebook. Phenomenology method was used in the research. The study group of the research consisted of 18 Science teachers who were members of two groups where they shared their postings on Science on Facebook, the social media platform, between September 2018 and October 2019, shared model photos about "Phases of the Moon" and commented on these photos. In this direction, 18 model photos were examined and the comments made by Science teachers on the model photos were examined. As a result of the research, it was found that 3 of the 18 model photos were made as phases seen when we imagine ourselves from the Earth to the Moon, while 15 of them were made about the phases of the Moon from the Earth. It turned out that science teachers were confused about the phases of the Moon, behaved sloppy in model making, used cheap and simple materials, did not pay attention to the order of magnitude of the Sun, Earth and Moon, did not show the rotation and entanglement directions in a concrete way, and could not adequately reflect the gains in models. Suggestions were made in line with the results.

Yermishev O. V. The impact of the moon phase on the balance of the autonomous nervous system and the functional health of men of different age groups. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(1):176-187. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.01.020 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.01.020 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3728181 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 20.12.2019. Revised: 25.12.2019. Accepted: 31.01.2020. THE IMPACT OF THE MOON PHASE ON THE BALANCE OF THE AUTONOMOUS NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE FUNCTIONAL HEALTH OF MEN OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS O. V. Yermishev Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology 600-richya St.21, 21021, Vinnytsia, Ukraine Tel: +380676504433. e-mail: o.yermishev@donnu.edu.ua ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5854-9678 Abstract Introduction. The autonomic nervous system is the main regulatory mechanism of a living organism that provides homeostasis. Objective: to investigate the effect of the Moon phases on the autonomic balance of the human body, the ratio of sympathetic nervous system activity to the parasympathetic nervous system and the functional health of the population. Materials and methods. 1592 males of different age were examined with the help of functional vegetative diagnostics according to the method of V. Makats. The bioelectric activity of 12 symmetric pairs of functionally active zones of the skin (24 FAZ), 12 on the hands and 12 on the feet, which reflect the functional activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems were studied. Results. In the male group aged 3-6 years old, the chaotic pattern of functional dependencies is related to the physiological and functional immaturity of the adaptation processes and the speed of their formation and stabilization in the body of children. In the male group of 12-15 years old in different phases of the Moon the changes in activity indicators of functional systems with much smaller amplitude are observed, though the nature and direction of changes in activity remain similar, which indicates the stabilization of adaptation mechanisms in the body. In the male group aged 21-50 years old maximum amplitude fluctuations in the functional activity of the systems and vegetative homeostasis are observed in the new Moon and the full one, which indicates a decrease in adaptation processes associated with age-related decrease in physiological and biochemical processes in the body and the appearance of the organism in the body. Conclusions. It has been established that the change of the Moon phases leads to significant changes in the functional activity and homeostasis of the body of men of different age groups. On-phase Moon activity indicators of functional systems duplicating the norm line have the same orientation, differing in amplitude, forming age-specific features of the tone of the autonomic nervous system. Key words: Moon; Moon phases; autonomic nervous system balance; health

Studies on activity rhythms are pivotal for the management of invasive alien species, as they provide basic insights into species basic ecology and may increase the success of control programs. The coypu Myocastor coypus, introduced from South America for fur farms, has become one of the most invasive rodents in Europe. Introduced coypus may affect crop productions, as well as natural vegetation and the breeding success of wading birds. In this study, we examined activity data collected through intensive camera-trapping in three Italian areas, including two natural areas in Northern and Central Italy, and a suburban area in Central Italy. Coypus were mostly diurnal in areas characterised by low predator pressure and, at night, they are mostly active in bright moonlight. Conversely, where predators, human pressure or numerical control programmes are present, coypus remarkably shift their behaviour towards crepuscular and night hours. In these last areas, nocturnal activity increased as moonlight decreased, possibly to reduce predation risk or encounters with humans. Where winter temperature are low, diurnal habits may have developed as a physiological adaptation and a strategy to preserve energy, potentially achieving a cost/effective thermal balance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s42991-020-00052-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Patrícia da Silva Sessa Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Pós-Graduação em Ensino e História das Ciências e da Matemática, São Bernardo do Campo, 2020. O presente estudo se insere numa perspectiva de pesquisa qualitativa, que aborda quatro grandes temáticas: "ensino de astronomia", "alfabetização científica", "modelos no ensino de ciências" e "práticas epistêmicas". Nosso principal objetivo de pesquisa é identificar quais são as práticas epistêmicas mobilizadas pelos estudantes durante uma sequência didática (SD) de astronomia e analisar como elas se relacionam com as atividades e principais etapas desta SD e com a construção de modelos. Para tanto, em uma das etapas metodológicas, desenvolvemos uma sequência didática de astronomia cujo o tema central foi a "Lua" e temáticas relacionadas a esse astro (fases da Lua, eclipses e História das Ciências). Aplicamos essa sequência durante aulas de Ciências do 8º ano em uma escola particular localizada na cidade de Arujá-SP. Os dados analisados nesta pesquisa têm origem na coleta de dados realizada durante essa aplicação, que ocorreu por meio de gravações de áudio e vídeo, observação participante, diário de campo e produções escritas dos alunos. A partir das análises, delimitamos a ocorrência de episódios, organizados a partir das três primeiras aulas da sequência, onde o foco principal foram as "fases da Lua". As gravações audiovisuais foram transcritas e as produções escritas escaneadas, para que a partir disso fizéssemos a interpretação e categorização das práticas epistêmicas mobilizadas pelos estudantes nessas situações. Para tal, elaboramos, a partir dos dados coletados e dos referenciais teóricos da área, nosso próprio conjunto de práticas epistêmicas, acompanhado de descritores para as mesmas. Verificamos que certas práticas são mobilizadas mais vezes em determinada etapa da SD, enquanto que outras começam a ser mobilizadas apenas quando determinada atividade se inicia. Nesse contexto, nossos resultados indicam relações entre a construção de modelos, a mobilização de práticas e as etapas e atividades em desenvolvimento da SD, sendo possível perceber que algumas atividades e/ou etapas da sequência estimulam e incentivam o trabalho de certas práticas epistêmicas em detrimento de outras. Nossos resultados também revelam, brevemente, algumas concepções dos estudantes a respeito do fenômeno das fases da Lua. The present study is part of a qualitative research perspective, which addresses four major themes: "astronomy education", "scientific literacy", "models in science education" and "epistemic practices". Our main research objective is to identify which epistemic practices are mobilized by students during a didactic sequence (DS) of astronomy and analyze how they are related to the activities and main stages of this DS and to the construction of models. For that, in one of the methodological stages, we developed a didactic sequence of astronomy whose central theme was the "Moon" and themes related to this celestial star (phases of the Moon, eclipses and History of Sciences). We applied this sequence during 8th grade science classes at a private school located in the city of Arujá-SP. The data analyzed in this research originates from the data collection performed during this application, which occurred through audio and video recordings, participant observation, field diary and students' written productions. From the analysis, we delimited the occurrence of episodes, organized from the first three classes of the sequence, where the main focus was the "phases of the Moon". The audiovisual recordings were transcribed and the written productions scanned, so we could, from that, interpret and categorize the epistemic practices mobilized by students in these situations. To this end, we developed, based on the data collected and the theoretical references of the area, our own set of epistemic practices, accompanied by descriptors for them. We found that certain practices are mobilized more often at a certain stage of DS, while others begin to be mobilized only when a certain activity begins. Therefore, our results indicate relationships between the construction of models, the mobilization of practices and the stages and activities in development of DS, being possible to perceive that some activities and/or stages of the sequence stimulate and encourage the work of certain epistemic practices in detriment of others. Our results also reveal, briefly, some students' conceptions about the phenomenon of the phases of the Moon.

Preliminary research conducted in Warsaw in the 1970s and 2000s showed that roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) stayed in forest habitat and avoided anthropogenic areas. Activity and exploration patterns of animals are shaped by indices of anthropogenic disturbances, elevated in large cities. The aims of the study were (1) to compare the presence of roe deer in natural and anthropogenic habitats of Warsaw during three periods: 1976–1978, 2005–2008 and 2017–2021, based on snow tracking on transect routes (681.2 km in total), and (2) to describe the presence and activity of roe deer in relation to human disturbances in selected urban forests in its reproductive period (March–August), based on camera trap survey (2019–2020, 859 observations, 5317 trap-days in total). The number of tracks was higher in natural habitat during all three periods, with the highest value in 2017–2021 (9.85/km/24h). The peak of roe deer activity was recorded at dusk, and it changed with moon phases between spring and summer. Landscape connectivity and level of light pollution did not affect the activity pattern of roe deer. Our research showed that roe deer inhabiting urban areas avoided human presence by using well-covered habitats and being active in periods when the level of human disturbance was lower.

Cette recherche est une étude de cas réalisée en classe de CM2 lors d’une séquence visant à expliquer les phases de la Lune. Dans notre étude, nous nous sommes focalisés sur les consignes, considérées comme des incitations à l’action de l’enseignant, en relation avec les activités des élèves. Nous avons étudié en quoi les caractéristiques des consignes en termes de modélisation et de représentations sémiotiques influencent les éléments pris en compte par les élèves dans leurs productions orales et écrites. Nous mettons notamment en évidence le fait que les élèves mobilisent préférentiellement le niveau des objets à celui du modèle et que les représentations sous forme de dessins sont également privilégiées. This research is a case study in a fifth grade class during a teaching sequence aiming to explain the Moon phases. In our study, we focused on the teacher’s instructions, considered as actions prompts, in relation to the student’s activities. We investigated how the characteristics of instructions in terms of modeling and semiotic registers influenced the elements taken into account by the students to produce oral and written answers. We especially highlight that students preferentially mobilize the object level to that of the model, and that the register of the drawing is predominating in answers.

Background Approximately 11% of the German population are convinced that certain moon phases and moon signs may impact their health and the onset and clinical course of diseases. Before elective surgery, a considerable number of patients look to optimize the timing of the procedure based on the lunar cycle. Especially patients awaiting living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) commonly look for an adjustment of the date of transplantation according to the moon calendar. This study therefore investigated the perioperative and long-term outcome of LDKT dependent on moon phases and zodiac signs. Methods Patient data were prospectively collected in a continuously updated kidney transplant database. Two hundred and seventy-eight consecutive patients who underwent LDKT between 1994 and December 2009 were selected for the study and retrospectively assigned to the four moon phases (new-moon, waxing-moon, full-moon, and waning-moon) and the corresponding zodiac sign (moon sign Libra), based on the date of transplantation. Preexisting comorbidities, perioperative mortality, surgical outcome, and long-term survival data were analyzed. Results Of all LDKT procedures, 11.9, 39.9, 11.5, and 36.5% were performed during the new, waxing, full, and waning moon, respectively, and 6.2% during the moon sign Libra, which is believed to interfere with renal surgery. Survival rates at 1, 5, and 10 years after transplantation were 98.9, 92, and 88.7% (patient survival) and 97.4, 91.6, and 80.6% (graft survival) without any differences between all groups of lunar phases and moon signs. Overall perioperative complications and early graft loss occurred in 21.2 and 1.4%, without statistical difference (p > 0.05) between groups. Conclusion Moon phases and the moon sign Libra had no impact on early and long-term outcome measures following LDKT in our study. Thus, concerns of patients awaiting LDKT regarding the ideal time of surgery can be allayed, and surgery may be scheduled independently of the lunar phases.