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2. Associations of between- and within-day patterns of physical activity accumulation with arterial stiffness and indices of microvascular health-Evidence from The Maastricht study

Author

Lear, Rebecca, Metcalf, Brad, Hillsdon, Melvyn, Bond, Bert, Koster, A., Vandercappellen, Evelien, Galan, B.E. de, Eussen, Simone J. P. M., Pulsford, R.M., Lear, Rebecca, Metcalf, Brad, Hillsdon, Melvyn, Bond, Bert, Koster, A., Vandercappellen, Evelien, Galan, B.E. de, Eussen, Simone J. P. M., and Pulsford, R.M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 306967.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2024

3. Improving the identification of bone‐specific physical activity using wrist‐worn accelerometry: A cross‐sectional study in 11–12‐year‐old Australian children.

Author

Brailey, Gemma, Metcalf, Brad, Price, Lisa, Cumming, Sean, Rowlands, Alex, Olds, Timothy, Simm, Peter, Wake, Melissa, and Stiles, Victoria

Subjects
*WRIST, *CROSS-sectional method, *BONE density, *MATHEMATICS, *RESEARCH funding, *ACCELEROMETRY, *MULTIPLE regression analysis, *SEX distribution, *EXERCISE intensity, *WEARABLE technology, *AGE distribution, *QUALITY assurance, *PHYSICAL activity, *TIME, *CHILDREN
Abstract

Physical activity (PA) during childhood and adolescence is important for the accrual of maximal peak bone mass. The precise dose that benefits bone remains unclear as methods commonly used to analyze PA data are unsuitable for measuring bone‐relevant PA. Using improved accelerometry methods, this study identified the amount and intensity of PA most strongly associated with bone outcomes in 11–12‐year‐olds. Participants (n = 770; 382 boys) underwent tibial peripheral quantitative computed tomography to assess trabecular and cortical density, endosteal and periosteal circumference and polar stress‐strain index. Seven‐day wrist‐worn raw acceleration data averaged over 1‐s epochs was used to estimate time accumulated above incremental PA intensities (50 milli‐gravitational unit (mg) increments from 200 to 3000 mg). Associations between time spent above each 50 mg increment and bone outcomes were assessed using multiple linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, height, weight, maturity, socioeconomic position, muscle cross‐sectional area and PA below the intensity of interest. There was a gradual increase in mean R2 change across all bone‐related outcomes as the intensity increased in 50 mg increments from >200 to >700 mg. All outcomes became significant at >700 mg (R2 change = 0.6%–1.3% and p = 0.001–0.02). Any further increases in intensity led to a reduction in mean R2 change and associations became non‐significant for all outcomes >1500 mg. Using more appropriate accelerometry methods (1‐s epochs; no a priori application of traditional cut‐points) enabled us to identify that ∼10 min/day of PA >700 mg (equivalent to running ∼10 km/h) was positively associated with pQCT‐derived measures of bone density, geometry and strength in 11–12‐year‐olds. Highlights: Accelerometry methods that are commonly used to assess free‐living, bone‐relevant physical activity (PA) are not well suited to measuring bone‐specific characteristics of PA (short bursts of high‐impact activity).Processing raw acceleration data using much shorter epochs (1‐s) and using incremental 50 mg intensity thresholds (rather than traditional, broad intensity thresholds) enabled a bone‐specific, beneficial intensity to be identified.The methods outlined provide a means for more precisely assessing free‐living bone‐relevant PA and permit the transparent and reproducible analysis of raw accelerometry data, which will enhance our ability to quantify dose‐response associations in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Does physical activity moderate the association between shorter leukocyte telomere length and incident coronary heart disease? Data from 54,180 UK Biobank participants

Author

Xiang, Meiruo, primary, Pilling, Luke C., additional, Melzer, David, additional, Kirk, Ben, additional, Duque, Gustavo, additional, Liu, Rui, additional, Kuchel, George A., additional, Wood, Andrew R., additional, Metcalf, Brad, additional, Diniz, Breno S., additional, Hillsdon, Melvyn, additional, and Kuo, Chia-Ling, additional

Published
2023
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25. A common haplotype of the glucokinase gene alters fasting glucose and birth weight: Association in six studies and population-genetics analyses

Author

Weedon, Michael N., Clark, Vanessa J., Yudong Qian, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, Timpson, Nicholas, Ebrahim, Shah, Lawlor, Debbie A., Pembrey, Marcus E., Ring, Susan, Wilkin, Terry J., Voss, Linda D., Jeffrey, Alison N., Metcalf, Brad, Ferrucci, Luigi, Corsi, Anna Maria, Murray, Anna, Melzer, David, Knight, Bridget, Shields, Bev, Smith, George Davey, Hattersley, Andrew T., Di Rienzo, Anna, and Frayling, Tim M.

Subjects
Glucokinase -- Research, Human population genetics -- Research, Fasting -- Research, Birth size -- Research, Birth weight -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

The role of variation of glucokinase (GCK) in the determination of fasting glucose and birth weight is examined using a tagging single-nucleotide polymorphism (tSNP) approach. A comprehensive analysis of common variation of the glucokinase gene has indicated that this is the first gene to be reproducibly associated with fasting glucose and fetal growth.

Published
2006

45. Longitudinal evaluation of bone mass, geometry and metabolism in adolescent male athletes. The PRO-BONE study

Author

Swolin-Eide, Diana, primary, Hansson, Sverker, additional, Magnusson, Per, additional, Ronne, Maria, additional, Heideman, Malene, additional, Schou, Anders, additional, Laursen, Jens Ole, additional, Wedderkopp, Niels, additional, Husby, Steffen, additional, Molgaard, Christian, additional, Ubago-Guisado, Esther, additional, Vlachopoulos, Dimitris, additional, de, Moraes Augusto Cesar, additional, Torres-Costoso, Ana, additional, Wilkinson, Kelly, additional, Metcalf, Brad, additional, Sanchez-Sanchez, Javier, additional, Gallardo, Leonor, additional, Gracia-Marco, Luis, additional, Tseretopoulou, Xanthippi, additional, Amin, Nadia, additional, Mushtaq, Talat, additional, Chaplais, Elodie, additional, Naughton, Geraldine, additional, Greene, David, additional, Duclos, Martine, additional, Masurier, Julie, additional, Dutheil, Frederic, additional, Thivel, David, additional, Courteix, Daniel, additional, Cheuk, Ka-Yee, additional, Wang, Xiaofang, additional, Yu, Fiona W P, additional, Tam, Elisa M S, additional, Ng, Bobby K W, additional, Ghasem-Zadeh, Ali, additional, Zebaze, Roger, additional, Seeman, Ego, additional, Cheng, Jack C Y, additional, Lam, Tsz-Ping, additional, Kutilek, Stepan, additional, Formanova, Daniela, additional, Senkerik, Marian, additional, Skalova, Sylva, additional, Markova, Daniela, additional, Langer, Jan, additional, Vracovska, Martina, additional, Pikner, Richard, additional, Fejfarkova, Zlatka, additional, Barker, Alan R, additional, Fatouros, Ioannis G, additional, Avlotini, Alexandra, additional, Knapp, Karen K, additional, Moreno, Luis A, additional, Williams, Craig A, additional, Ortega, Francisco B, additional, Ruiz, Jonathan R, additional, and Avloniti, Alexandra, additional

Published
2017
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47. DNA methylation of SIRT1, the longevity gene, in blood from children at 5–7 years exhibits temporal stability and predicts adiposity in adolescence

Author

Clarke-Harris, Rebecca, Hosking, Joanne, Wilkin, Terence J., Pinkney, Jonathan, Jeffery, Alison, Metcalf, Brad S., Godfrey, Keith M., Lillycrop, Karen, Burdge, Graham, and Price, Leonie

Abstract

Our preliminary findings show that the methylation status of specific CpG loci in the peroxisomal proliferator-gamma-co-activator-(PGC)-1α promoter in blood at age 5-7 years predicted later adiposity in the children age 14 years. PGC1α is a downstream effector of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a gene which has been shown to influence lifespan in a range of species and which is known to regulate energy metabolism in different tissues. We, therefore, have investigated the temporal stability of specific CpG loci within the promoter of SIRT1 during childhood and whether the CpG loci that exhibited temporal stability predicted adiposity.

Published
2013
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48. Peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor-gamma-co-activator-1alpha promoter methylation in blood from children at 5–7 years predicts their adiposity from 9 to 14 years

Author

Clarke-Harris, Rebecca, Hosking, Joanne, Wilkin, Terence J., Pinkney, Jonathan, Jeffery, Alison, Metcalf, Brad S., Godfrey, Keith M., Voss, Linda, Lillycrop, Karen, Burdge, Graham, and Price, Leonie

Abstract

We have investigated the effect of increasing age in childhood on the methylation of specific CpG loci in the peroxisomal proliferator-gamma-co-activator-(PGC)-1α promoter that have been shown previously to be related to its transcriptional activity in adults (3). We then determined whether loci that exhibited temporal stability predicted adiposity.

Published
2013
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49. Technical reliability of the CSA activity monitor: the early bird study

Author

Metcalf, Brad S., Curnow, John S. H., Evans, Colin, Voss, Linda D., and Wilkin, Terence J.

Subjects
Computer Science and Applications Inc. -- Product information, Medical equipment and supplies industry -- Product information, Exercise equipment -- Evaluation, Health, Sports and fitness
Abstract

The technical performance of the CSA accelerometer-based activity monitor is evaluated to understand the role of physical activity in reducing fat mass. The CSA monitor is a uniaxial accelerometer that measures acceleration using a cantilevered beam with a mass attached to the unfixed end.

Published
2002

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