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34 results on '"Lin, Cailu"'

1. Linderanine C regulates macrophage polarization by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway against ulcerative colitis

Author: Lan, Mengyao, Lin, Cailu, Zeng, Lulu, Hu, Shijie, Shi, Yuan, Zhao, Yan, Liu, Xin, Sun, Jinfeng, Liang, Guang, and Huang, Mincong
Published: 2024
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2. A Trefoil factor 3-Lingo2 axis restrains proliferative expansion of type-1 T helper cells during GI nematode infection

Author: Ethgen, Lucas M., Pastore, Christopher, Lin, Cailu, Reed, Danielle R, Hung, Li-Yin, Douglas, Bonnie, Sinker, Dominic, Herbert, De'Broski R., and Belle, Nicole M.
Published: 2024
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3. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

Author: Gerkin, Richard, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria, Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine, Bakke, Alyssa, Steele, Kimberley, Farruggia, Michael, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari, Singh, Preet, Brindha, V, Olsson, Shannon, Saraiva, Luis, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Bhutani, Surabhi, DErrico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas, Philpott, Carl, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John, Reed, Danielle, Niv, Masha, Munger, Steven, and Parma, Valentina
Subjects: anosmia, chemosensory, coronavirus, hyposmia, olfactory, prediction, Adult, Anosmia, COVID-19, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Smell
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19-; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: -82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19-: -59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Published: 2021

4. Lipopolysaccharide increases bitter taste sensitivity via epigenetic changes in Tas2r gene clusters

Author: Lin, Cailu, Jyotaki, Masafumi, Quinlan, John, Feng, Shan, Zhou, Minliang, Jiang, Peihua, Matsumoto, Ichiro, Huang, Liquan, Ninomiya, Yuzo, Margolskee, Robert F., Reed, Danielle R., and Wang, Hong
Published: 2023
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5. More than smell – COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, KL, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie DC, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William EA, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper HB, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, and Walsh-Messinger, Julie
Subjects: Neurosciences, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Clinical Research, Adult, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Olfaction Disorders, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Smell, Somatosensory Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Taste, Taste Disorders, Young Adult, head and neck surgery, olfaction, somatosensation, GCCR Group Author, Biological Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (-69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020

6. Editorial: Herbal medicines and their metabolites: effects on lipid metabolic disorders via modulating oxidative stress

Author: Chen, Yunhui, primary, Xie, Yongmei, additional, Lin, Cailu, additional, and Peng, Wei, additional
Published: 2023
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7. Mere end lugtesans - COVID-19 er associeret med svær påvirkning af lugtesansen, smagssansen og mundfølelsen

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S, Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S Craig, Yanık, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T, Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K, Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M, Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Tecnologia Alimentària, Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Edinburgh, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), San Diego State University (SDSU), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Turku, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Medical Science University, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), DreamAir Llc, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Oregon State University (OSU), Ear Institute, UCL, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, Karunya University, Biruni University, Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute for Biology - Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Howard University College of Medicine, Towson University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Proteomics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Stockholm University, University of Gastronomic Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, University of Tennessee, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Guangzhou Medical University, Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Dayton, CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], University of Stirling, Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Terrazas del Club Hipico, University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University., Julien, Sabine, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senses and Food, Research Center Jülich, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro [Catanzaro, Italie] (UMG), University of Extremadura, University of Padova, Yale University School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, University of Helsinki, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of California San Diego Health, University of Brussels, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, University of São Paulo (USP), UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, FSE Campus Venlo, and RS: FSE UCV
Subjects: Male, Taste, Physiology, Smagstab, Audiology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, RATINGS, Hyposmia, Surveys and Questionnaires, CHEMOSENSITIVITY, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Viral, PALADAR, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, media_common, TASTE, US NATIONAL-HEALTH, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Sensory Systems, 3. Good health, Smell, GCCR Group Author, ddc:540, Smell loss, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Corrigendum, Coronavirus Infections, olfaction, Adult, somatosensation, medicine.medical_specialty, 663/664, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), OLFACTORY DISORDERS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), media_common.quotation_subject, Pneumonia, Viral, head and neck surgery, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Somatosensory Disorders, Young Adult, Anosmia, Sensory system, Olfaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemesthesis, Physiology (medical), Perception, medicine, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Behaviour Change and Well-being, business.industry, R-PACKAGE, 3112 Neurosciences, Pneumonia, Parosmia, COMPONENT, Smagssans, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, chemistry, Lugtetab, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lugtesans
Abstract: Correction: Chemical Senses, Volume 46, 2021, bjab050, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab050 Published: 08 December 2021 Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/- 100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- standard deviation), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis.The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020

8. Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Hannum, Mackenzie E, primary, Koch, Riley J, additional, Ramirez, Vicente A, additional, Marks, Sarah S, additional, Toskala, Aurora K, additional, Herriman, Riley D, additional, Lin, Cailu, additional, Joseph, Paule V, additional, and Reed, Danielle R, additional
Published: 2022
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9. Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: Hannum, Mackenzie E, Koch, Riley J, Ramirez, Vicente A, Marks, Sarah S, Toskala, Aurora K, Herriman, Riley D, Lin, Cailu, Joseph, Paule V, and Reed, Danielle R
Abstract: Chemosensory scientists have been skeptical that reports of COVID-19 taste loss are genuine, in part because before COVID-19 taste loss was rare and often confused with smell loss. Therefore, to establish the predicted prevalence rate of taste loss in COVID-19 patients, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 376 papers published in 2020–2021, with 235 meeting all inclusion criteria. Drawing on previous studies and guided by early meta-analyses, we explored how methodological differences (direct vs. self-report measures) may affect these estimates. We hypothesized that direct measures of taste are at least as sensitive as those obtained by self-report and that the preponderance of evidence confirms taste loss is a symptom of COVID-19. The meta-analysis showed that, among 138,015 COVID-19-positive patients, 36.62% reported taste dysfunction (95% confidence interval: 33.02%–40.39%), and the prevalence estimates were slightly but not significantly higher from studies using direct (n = 15) versus self-report (n = 220) methodologies (Q = 1.73, df = 1, P = 0.1889). Generally, males reported lower rates of taste loss than did females, and taste loss was highest among middle-aged adults. Thus, taste loss is likely a bona fide symptom of COVID-19, meriting further research into the most appropriate direct methods to measure it and its underlying mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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10. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

Author: Gerkin, Richard, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria, Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine, Bakke, Alyssa, Steele, Kimberley, Farruggia, Michael, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari, Singh, Preet, Brindha, Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon, Saraiva, Luis, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Bhutani, Surabhi, D’Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas, Philpott, Carl, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John, Reed, Danielle, Niv, Masha, Munger, Steven, Parma, Valentina, Boesveldt, Sanne, de Groot, Jasper, Dinnella, Caterina, Freiherr, Jessica, Laktionova, Tatiana, Marino, Sajidxa, Monteleone, Erminio, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Ritchie, Marina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Al Abri, Rashid, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Bignon, Emmanuelle, Cantone, Elena, Paola Cecchini, Maria, Chen, Jingguo, Dolors Guàrdia, Maria, Hoover, Kara, Karni, Noam, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa, Portillo Mazal, Patricia, Rowan, Nicholas, Sarabi-Jamab, Atiye, Archer, Nicholas, Chen, Ben, Di Valerio, Elizabeth, Feeney, Emma, Frasnelli, Johannes, Hannum, Mackenzie, Hopkins, Claire, Klein, Hadar, Mignot, Coralie, Mucignat, Carla, Ning, Yuping, Ozturk, Elif, Peng, Mei, Saatci, Ozlem, Sell, Elizabeth, Yan, Carol, Alfaro, Raul, Coureaud, G., Herriman, Riley, Justice, Jeb, Kaushik, Pavan Kumar, Koyama, Sachiko, Overdevest, Jonathan, Pirastu, Nicola, Ramirez, Vicente, Roberts, S. Craig, Smith, Barry, Cao, Hongyuan, Wang, Hong, Balungwe Birindwa, Patrick, Baguma, Marius, Ozdener, Mehmet, Bock, María, Kaushik, Pavan, Pizio, Antonella, Hakan Ozdener, Mehmet, D'Errico, Anna, Hwang, Liang Dar, Group, GCCR, Cecchini, Maria, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Yale University [New Haven], University of Tennessee, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), University of California, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Monell Chemical Senses Center, Regional Hospital West Jutland [Denmark], University of Helsinki, University of Oslo (UiO), Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology [New Delhi] (IIIT-Delhi), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), San Diego State University (SDSU), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Elena Cantone, University of Queensland - The Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), University College of London [London] (UCL), UC San Diego Health, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Howard University College of Medicine [Washington, DC, USA], Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc [Bruxelles], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Stockholm University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Towson University [Towson, MD, United States], University of Maryland System, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, University of Padova [Padova, Italy], Biruni University, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospital General de Barrio Obrero [Asunción, Paraguay] (Public Hospital Barrio Obrero ), Private practice [Milan], DreamAir Llc, Oregon State University (OSU), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Insubria, Varese, IBM Watson Research Center, IBM, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, University of Extremadura, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Radboud university [Nijmegen], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), University of California [Berkeley], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Dayton, Iran University of Medical Sciences [Tehran, Iran] (IUMS), 'Federico II' University of Naples Medical School, University of Verona (UNIVR), Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xjtu), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), The Hebrew University Medical Center, University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (GMU), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospitals, University of Padova, Kilis Yedi Aralik University, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Sancaktepe Education and Research Hospital, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], University of California San Diego Health, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York], University of Edinburgh, University of California [Merced], University of Stirling, University of London [London], Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Université catholique de Bukavu, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Technical University of Munich (TUM), University of Graz, Publica, Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, M Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian PhS, Heinbockel, Thoma, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordani, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Deni, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan N, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlf, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thoma, Hayes, John E, Reed, Danielle R, Niv, Masha Y, Munger, Steven D, Parma, Valentina, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, and UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie
Subjects: Male, Multivariate statistics, Physiology, Cross-sectional study, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], coronavirus, Logistic regression, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Hyposmia, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, Chemosensory, hyposmia, Middle Aged, Prognosis, olfactory, Sensory Systems, Smell, chemosensory, ddc:540, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, HEALTH, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anosmia, Coronavirus, Olfactory, Prediction, COVID-19, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, 663/664, Visual analogue scale, Odds, 03 medical and health sciences, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, QUALITY, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, COVID-19 symptoms, Behaviour Change and Well-being, IDENTIFICATION, business.industry, Univariate, prediction, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, anosmia, Smell impairment
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 228204.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) In a preregistered, cross-sectional study we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC=0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4
Published: 2020

11. Corrigendum to: More than smell: COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B., Gerkin, Richard C., Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N., Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Van Den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, De Groot, Jasper H.B., Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A., Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S.C., Yanlk, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D., Hayes, John E., UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, and UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie
Subjects: Behavioral Neuroscience, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, Behaviour Change and Well-being, Physiology, Physiology (medical), ddc:540, Life Science, Sensory Systems, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, VLAG
Abstract: This is a correction notice for article bjaa041 (DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041), published 20 June 2020. An incorrect version of the caption to Figure 5 was mistakenly included in the published paper. An updated version is given below. Neither the data nor the paper's conclusions were affected by this correction. The authors sincerely apologize for the error. (A) Correlations between the 3 principal components with respect to changes in 3 chemosensory modalities (i.e., taste, smell, and chemesthesis). Shades of gray indicate positive correlation, whereas shades of red indicate negative correlations. White denotes no correlation. (B) Clusters of participants identified by k-means clustering. The scatterplot shows each participant's loading on dimension 1 (degree of smell and taste loss, PC1 on x-Axis) and dimension 2 (degree of chemesthesis loss, PC2 on y-Axis). Based on the centroid of each cluster, participants in cluster 1 (blue, N = 1767; top left) are generally characterized by significant smell, taste and chemesthesis loss. Participants in cluster 2 (orange, N = 1724; bottom center) are generally characterized by ratings that reflect smell/taste loss with preserved chemesthesis. Loadings for participants in cluster 3 (green, N = 548; right side) are generally characterized by reduced smell and taste loss, and preserved chemesthesis.
Published: 2021

12. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan N, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E, Reed, Danielle R, Niv, Masha Y, Munger, Steven D, Parma, Valentina, GCCR Group Author, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan N, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E, Reed, Danielle R, Niv, Masha Y, Munger, Steven D, Parma, Valentina, and GCCR Group Author
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19-; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: -82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19-: -59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Published: 2021

13. Corrigendum to: More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: This is a correction notice for article bjaa041 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041), published 20 June 2020. An incorrect version of the caption to Figure 5 was mistakenly included in the published paper. An updated version is given below. Neither the data nor the paper’s conclusions were affected by this correction. The authors sincerely apologize for the error.
Published: 2021

14. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

Author: Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cedric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jerome, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozturk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, Maria Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundstrom, Johan N., Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T., Santamaria, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Yanik, Huseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E., Reed, Danielle R., Niv, Masha Y., Munger, Steven D., Parma, Valentina, Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cedric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jerome, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozturk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, Maria Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundstrom, Johan N., Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T., Santamaria, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Yanik, Huseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E., Reed, Danielle R., Niv, Masha Y., Munger, Steven D., and Parma, Valentina
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0–100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19−; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19− groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: −82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19−: −59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0–10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Published: 2021
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15. The best COVID-19 predictor is recent smell loss: a cross-sectional study

Author: Gerkin, Richard, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria Geraldine, Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine, Bakke, Alyssa, Steele, Kimberley, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, M. Hakan, D'Errico, Anna, Fischmeister, Florian Ph.S, Bock, María Adelaida, Domínguez, Paloma Paloma, Yanık, Hüseyin, Boesveldt, Sanne, de Groot, Jasper, Dinnella, Caterina, Freiherr, Jessica, Laktionova, Tatiana, Mariño, Sajidxa, Monteleone, Erminio, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Ritchie, Marina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Al Abri, Rashid, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Bignon, Emmanuelle, Cantone, Elena, Cecchini, Maria Paola, Chen, Jingguo, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Hoover, Kara, Karni, Noam, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Rowan, Nicholas, Sarabi-Jamab, Atiye, Archer, Nicholas, Chen, Ben, Di Valerio, Elizabeth, Feeney, Emma, Frasnelli, Johannes, Hannum, Mackenzie, Hopkins, Claire, Klein, Hadar, Mignot, Coralie, Mucignat, Carla, Ning, Yuping, Ozturk, Elif, Peng, Mei, Saatci, Ozlem, Sell, Elizabeth, Yan, Carol, Alfaro, Raul, Cecchetto, Cinzia, Coureaud, Gérard, Herriman, Riley, Justice, Jeb, Kaushik, Pavan Kumar, Koyama, Sachiko, Overdevest, Jonathan, Pirastu, Nicola, Ramirez, Vicente, Roberts, S. Craig, Smith, Barry, Cao, Hongyuan, Wang, Hong, Balungwe, Patrick, Baguma, Marius, Veldhuizen, Maria, Farruggia, Michael, Pizio, Antonella, Hakan Ozdener, M, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari, Singh, Preet, Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon, Saraiva, Luis, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fornazieri, Marco, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas, Philpott, Carl, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Group, GCCR, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John, Reed, Danielle, Niv, Masha, Munger, Steven, Parma, Valentina, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine [Jülich] (INM-1), Mersin University, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [Bethesda], Yale University [New Haven], Tennessee State University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Monell Chemical Senses Center, Regional Hospital West Jutland [Denmark], University of Helsinki, University of Oslo (UiO), Karunya University, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Research at Sidra Medicine Research Branch [Doha, Qatar], Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology [New Delhi] (IIIT-Delhi), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), San Diego State University (SDSU), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Graz, Howard University, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc [Bruxelles], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), University of Gastronomic Sciences of Pollenzo (UNISG), Stockholm University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Towson University [Towson, MD, United States], University of Maryland System, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Biruni University, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospital General de Barrio Obrero [Asunción, Paraguay] (Public Hospital Barrio Obrero ), Private practice [Milan], DreamAir Llc, Oregon State University (OSU), Cancer Center Karolinska [Karolinska Institutet] (CCK), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Insubria, Varese, Computational Biology Center (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center), IBM, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra [Pamplona, Spain] (IdiSNA), University of Extremadura, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Non-byline authors (to be listed as collaborators in PubMed under the GCCR Group Author): Sanne Boesveldt, Jasper H.B. de Groot, Caterina Dinnella, Jessica Freiherr, Tatiana Laktionova, Sajidxa Mariño, Erminio Monteleone, Alexia Nunez-Parra, Olagunju Abdulrahman, Marina Ritchie, Thierry Thomas-Danguin, Julie Walsh-Messinger, Rashid Al Abri, Rafieh Alizadeh, Emmanuelle Bignon, Elena Cantone, Maria Paola Cecchini, Jingguo Chen, Maria Dolors Guàrdia, Kara C. Hoover, Noam Karni, Marta Navarro, Alissa A. Nolden, Patricia Portillo Mazal, Nicholas R. Rowan, Atiye SarabiJamab, Nicholas S. Archer, Ben Chen, Elizabeth A. Di Valerio, Emma L. Feeney, Johannes Frasnelli, Mackenzie E. Hannum, Claire Hopkins, Hadar Klein, Coralie Mignot, Carla Mucignat, Yuping Ning, Elif E. Ozturk, Mei Peng, Ozlem Saatci, Elizabeth A. Sell, Carol H. Yan, Raul Alfaro, Cinzia Cecchetto, Gérard Coureaud, Riley D. Herriman, Jeb M. Justice, Pavan Kumar Kaushik, Sachiko Koyama, Jonathan B. Overdevest, Nicola Pirastu, Vicente A. Ramirez, S. Craig Roberts, Barry C. Smith, Hongyuan Cao, Hong Wang, Patrick Balungwe Birindwa, Marius Baguma, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, The Pennsylvania State University, University of Tennessee, University of Buenos Aires [Argentina], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Radboud university [Nijmegen], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, 119071, Russia., RespiraLibre - Centro de Otorrinolaringología, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Partenaires INRAE, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Dayton, Iran University of Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, University of Verona (UNIVR), Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], University of Southern Queensland (USQ), University of Massachusetts, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (GMU), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, University of Padova [Padova, Italy], Kilis Yedi Aralik University, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Sancaktepe Education and Research Hospital, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia]-University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], UC San Diego Health, University ofFlorida, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), University of Edinburgh, University of California [Merced], University of Stirling, University of London [London], Florida State University [Panama City], Université catholique de Bukavu, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sidra Medicine, School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, Howard University College of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva University , Geneva , Switzerland., CHU Genève, General Hospital Papageorgiou, University of Toulouse, University of Padova, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, Temple University, Julien, Sabine, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Universitad de Buenos Aires = University of Buenos Aires [Argentina], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), University of Pennsylvania-University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], University of California [Merced] (UC Merced), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), and Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cross-sectional study, Visual analogue scale, Anosmia, Audiology, Logistic regression, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Article, Odds, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Hyposmia, Humans, Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Smell, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.MHEP.OS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, Smell loss, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, Original Article, Self Report, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: BackgroundCOVID-19 has heterogeneous manifestations, though one of the most common symptoms is a sudden loss of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). We investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19.MethodsThis preregistered, cross-sectional study used a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified singular and cumulative predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery.ResultsBoth C19+ and C19-groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both single and cumulative feature models (ROC AUC=0.72), with additional features providing negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms, such as fever or cough. Olfactory recovery within 40 days was reported for ∼50% of participants and was best predicted by time since illness onset.ConclusionsAs smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19, we developed the ODoR-19 tool, a 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss. Numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4
Published: 2020

16. Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19: a preregistered, cross-sectional study

Author: Parma, Valentina, Overdevest, Jonathan B, Peng, Mei, Saatci, Ozlem, Sell, Elizabeth A, Yan, Carol H, Alfaro, Raul, Cecchetto, Cinzia, Coureaud, Gérard, Herriman, Riley D, Justice, Jeb M, Kaushik, Pavan Kumar, Koyama, Sachiko, Pirastu, Nicola, Ning, Yuping, Ramirez, Vicente A, Roberts, S Craig, Smith, Barry C, Cao, Hongyuan, Wang, Hong, Balungwe, Patrick, Baguma, Marius, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E, Reed, Danielle R, Niv, Masha Y, Munger, Steven D, Ozturk, Elif E, Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria Geraldine, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, M Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan N, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Domínguez, Paloma Paloma, Yanık, Hüseyin, Boesveldt, Sanne, de Groot, Jasper H B, Dinnella, Caterina, Freiherr, Jessica, Laktionova, Tatiana, Mariño, Sajidxa, Monteleone, Erminio, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Ritchie, Marina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Al Abri, Rashid, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Bignon, Emmanuelle, Cantone, Elena, Cecchini, Maria Paola, Chen, Jingguo, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Hoover, Kara C, Karni, Noam, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Rowan, Nicholas R, Sarabi-Jamab, Atiye, Archer, Nicholas S, Chen, Ben, Di Valerio, Elizabeth A, Feeney, Emma L, Frasnelli, Johannes, Hannum, Mackenzie, Hopkins, Claire, Klein, Hadar, Mignot, Coralie, Mucignat, Carla, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, and UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience
Abstract: COVID-19 has heterogeneous manifestations, though one of the most common symptoms is a sudden loss of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). We investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19. This preregistered, cross-sectional study used a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified singular and cumulative predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both single and cumulative feature models (ROC AUC=0.72), with additional features providing no significant model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms, such as fever or cough. Olfactory recovery within 40 days was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since illness onset. As smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19, we developed the ODoR-19 tool, a 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss. Numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (10
Published: 2020

17. More than just smell - COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

Author: Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Pizio, Antonella Di, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Fialov, Jitka Trebická, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, KL, Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Brink, Mirjam van den, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph.S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Dalton, Pamela, Freiherr, Jessica, Yan, Carol H., Groot, Jasper H. B. de, Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Klein, Hadar, Chen, Jingguo, Okamoto, Masako, Sell, Elizabeth A., Singh, Preet Bano, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S. Craig, Yanik, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Novákov, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Asl, Sara Razzaghi, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven, Hayes, John E, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Pizio, Antonella Di, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Fialov, Jitka Trebická, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, KL, Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Brink, Mirjam van den, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph.S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Dalton, Pamela, Freiherr, Jessica, Yan, Carol H., Groot, Jasper H. B. de, Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Klein, Hadar, Chen, Jingguo, Okamoto, Masako, Sell, Elizabeth A., Singh, Preet Bano, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S. Craig, Yanik, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Novákov, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Asl, Sara Razzaghi, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, generally lacked quantitative measurements, and were mostly restricted to data from single countries. Here, we report the development, implementation and initial results of a multi-lingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in three distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, 8 other, ages 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7±28.7, mean±SD), taste (-69.0±32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3±36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell, but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement This work was supported financially with discretionary funds from the Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), including a gift from James and Helen Zallie g
Published: 2020

18. More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

Author: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, and Hayes, John E
Abstract: Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (-69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
Published: 2020

19. Objective sensory testing methods reveal a higher prevalence of olfactory loss in COVID-19–positive patients compared to subjective methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Hannum, Mackenzie E, primary, Ramirez, Vicente A, additional, Lipson, Sarah J, additional, Herriman, Riley D, additional, Toskala, Aurora K, additional, Lin, Cailu, additional, Joseph, Paule V, additional, and Reed, Danielle R, additional
Published: 2020
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20. Studies of Human Twins Reveal Genetic Variation That Affects Dietary Fat Perception

Author: Lin, Cailu, primary, Colquitt, Lauren, primary, Wise, Paul, primary, Breslin, Paul A S, primary, Rawson, Nancy E, primary, Genovese, Federica, primary, Maina, Ivy, primary, Joseph, Paule, primary, Fomuso, Lydia, primary, Slade, Louise, primary, Brooks, Dennis, primary, Miclo, Aurélie, primary, Hayes, John E, primary, Sullo, Antonio, primary, and Reed, Danielle R, primary
Published: 2020
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21. Genetics of mouse Tas1r3-independent sucrose intake

Author: Lin, Cailu, Bachmanov, Alexander A., Tordoff, Michael G., Beauchamp, Gary K., and Reed, Danielle R.
Abstract: Variation in sucrose intake among inbred mouse strains is due in part to polymorphisms in the gene Tas1r3 , which encodes a sweet taste receptor subunit and engenders the Sac locus on distal mChr4. Here, we eliminated variation in this locus to discover influences of additional genetic variations on sucrose intake. We measured voluntary daily sucrose intake in an F 2 intercross with the Sac locus fixed and in several other mapping populations: backcross, reciprocal consomic, and single and double congenic strains. The chromosome mapping results implicated Scq2 , located on Chr9 between 105.7 and 106.9 Mb ( rs33653996 to rs3023231 ), Scq3 on Chr14 between 9.7 and 33 Mb ( rs3689508 to rs3669686 ), and epistasis of Scq2 with Scq1 on Chr1 (between the centromere and rs13475771 ). Mice with different combinations of Scq1 and Scq2 genotypes differed more than threefold in daily sucrose intake. This genotype variation was specific to high concentrations of sucrose and did not generalize to low concentrations of sucrose or to other sweeteners. To understand how these genetic variants increase sucrose intake, we measured resting metabolism, glucose and insulin tolerance, and peripheral taste sensitivity. We found that the combinations of Scq1 and Scq2 genotypes influenced thermogenesis and the oxidation of fat and carbohydrate. Results of the glucose, insulin tolerance, and taste tests and gustatory nerve recordings ruled out plasma glucose homoeostasis and, to a lesser extent, peripheral taste sensitivity as major contributors to the differences in voluntary sucrose consumption. Our results provide evidence that non-Sac genetic loci in mice strongly influence sucrose intake and change whole-body fuel oxidation.
Published: 2018
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22. New insight into human sweet taste: a genome-wide association study of the perception and intake of sweet substances

Author: Hwang, Liang-Dar, primary, Lin, Cailu, additional, Gharahkhani, Puya, additional, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, additional, Ong, Jue-Sheng, additional, An, Jiyuan, additional, Gordon, Scott D, additional, Zhu, Gu, additional, MacGregor, Stuart, additional, Lawlor, Deborah A, additional, Breslin, Paul A S, additional, Wright, Margaret J, additional, Martin, Nicholas G, additional, and Reed, Danielle R, additional
Published: 2019
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23. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

Author: Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Pizio, Antonella Di, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, and Lin, Cailu
Abstract: In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0–100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19−; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19− groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: −82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19−: −59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g. fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0–10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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24. Tissue-dependent expression of bitter receptor TAS2R38 mRNA

Author: Douglas, Jennifer E, primary, Lin, Cailu, additional, Mansfield, Corrine J, additional, Arayata, Charles J, additional, Cowart, Beverly J, additional, Spielman, Andrew I, additional, Adappa, Nithin D, additional, Palmer, James N, additional, Cohen, Noam A, additional, and Reed, Danielle R, additional
Published: 2018
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25. Personalized expression of bitter ‘taste’ receptors in human skin

Author: Shaw, Lauren, primary, Mansfield, Corrine, additional, Colquitt, Lauren, additional, Lin, Cailu, additional, Ferreira, Jaime, additional, Emmetsberger, Jaime, additional, and Reed, Danielle R., additional
Published: 2018
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26. Adiposity QTL Adip20 decomposes into at least four loci when dissected using congenic strains

Author: Lin, Cailu, primary, Fesi, Brad D., additional, Marquis, Michael, additional, Bosak, Natalia P., additional, Lysenko, Anna, additional, Koshnevisan, Mohammed Amin, additional, Duke, Fujiko F., additional, Theodorides, Maria L., additional, Nelson, Theodore M., additional, McDaniel, Amanda H., additional, Avigdor, Mauricio, additional, Arayata, Charles J., additional, Shaw, Lauren, additional, Bachmanov, Alexander A., additional, and Reed, Danielle R., additional
Published: 2017
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27. Tissue-Dependent Expression of Bitter Receptor TAS2R38 mRNA.

Author: Douglas, Jennifer E, Lin, Cailu, Mansfield, Corrine J, Arayata, Charles J, Cowart, Beverly J, Spielman, Andrew I, Adappa, Nithin D, Palmer, James N, Cohen, Noam A, and Reed, Danielle R
Subjects: *BITTERNESS (Taste), *MESSENGER RNA, *PARANASAL sinuses, *POPULATION, *SMALL intestine, *GENE expression
Abstract: TAS2R38 is a human bitter receptor gene with a common but inactive allele; people homozygous for the inactive form cannot perceive low concentrations of certain bitter compounds. The frequency of the inactive and active forms of this receptor is nearly equal in many human populations, and heterozygotes with 1 copy of the active form and 1 copy of the inactive form have the most common diplotype. However, even though they have the same genotype, heterozygotes differ markedly in their perception of bitterness, perhaps in part because of differences in TAS2R38 mRNA expression. Other tissues express this receptor too, including the nasal sinuses, where it contributes to pathogen defense. We, therefore, wondered whether heterozygous people had a similar wide range of TAS2R38 mRNA in sinonasal tissue and whether those with higher TAS2R38 mRNA expression in taste tissue were similarly high expressers in nasal tissue. To that end, we measured gene expression by quantitative PCR in taste and sinonasal tissue and found that expression abundance in one tissue was not related to the other. We confirmed the independence of expression in other tissue pairs expressing TAS2R38 mRNA, such as pancreas and small intestine, using autopsy data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression project (although people with high expression of TAS2R38 mRNA in colon also tended to have higher expression in the small intestine). Thus, taste tissue TAS2R38 mRNA expression among heterozygotes is unlikely to predict expression in other tissues, perhaps reflecting tissue-dependent function, and hence regulation, of this protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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28. Genetics of sweet taste preferences†

Author: Bachmanov, Alexander A, Bosak, Natalia P, Floriano, Wely B, Inoue, Masashi, Li, Xia, Lin, Cailu, Murovets, Vladimir O, Reed, Danielle R, Zolotarev, Vasily A, and Beauchamp, Gary K
Subjects: stomatognathic system, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, food and beverages, Article
Abstract: Sweet taste is a powerful factor influencing food acceptance. There is considerable variation in sweet taste perception and preferences within and among species. Although learning and homeostatic mechanisms contribute to this variation in sweet taste, much of it is genetically determined. Recent studies have shown that variation in the T1R genes contributes to within- and between-species differences in sweet taste. In addition, our ongoing studies using the mouse model demonstrate that a significant portion of variation in sweetener preferences depends on genes that are not involved in peripheral taste processing. These genes are likely involved in central mechanisms of sweet taste processing, reward and/or motivation. Genetic variation in sweet taste not only influences food choice and intake, but is also associated with proclivity to drink alcohol. Both peripheral and central mechanisms of sweet taste underlie correlation between sweet-liking and alcohol consumption in animal models and humans. All these data illustrate complex genetics of sweet taste preferences and its impact on human nutrition and health. Identification of genes responsible for within- and between-species variation in sweet taste can provide tools to better control food acceptance in humans and other animals.
Published: 2011

29. Body Composition QTLs Identified in Intercross Populations Are Reproducible in Consomic Mouse Strains

Author: Lin, Cailu, primary, Fesi, Brad D., additional, Marquis, Michael, additional, Bosak, Natalia P., additional, Theodorides, Maria L., additional, Avigdor, Mauricio, additional, McDaniel, Amanda H., additional, Duke, Fujiko F., additional, Lysenko, Anna, additional, Khoshnevisan, Amin, additional, Gantick, Brian R., additional, Arayata, Charles J., additional, Nelson, Theodore M., additional, Bachmanov, Alexander A., additional, and Reed, Danielle R., additional
Published: 2015
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30. Reply: taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: Hannum, Mackenzie E, Koch, Riley J, Ramirez, Vicente A, Marks, Sarah S, Toskala, Aurora K, Herriman, Riley D, Lin, Cailu, Joseph, Paule V, and Reed, Danielle R
Abstract: A letter to the editor of the journal "Chemical Senses" acknowledges concerns about overestimating taste loss as a symptom of COVID-19. The overestimate may have been due to including studies that used unvalidated sensory tests and had biased participant selection. The authors of the letter admit to including six biased studies and have removed them from the analysis, with no change in the outcomes or conclusions. They also mention the importance of including studies with validated methods in future meta-analyses. [Extracted from the article]
Published: 2023
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31. QTL Analysis of Dietary Obesity in C57BL/6byj X 129P3/J F2 Mice: Diet- and Sex-Dependent Effects

Author: Lin, Cailu, primary, Theodorides, Maria L., additional, McDaniel, Amanda H., additional, Tordoff, Michael G., additional, Zhang, Qinmin, additional, Li, Xia, additional, Bosak, Natalia, additional, Bachmanov, Alexander A., additional, and Reed, Danielle R., additional
Published: 2013
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32. QTL Analysis of Dietary Obesity in C57BL/6byj X 129P3/J F2 Mice: Diet- and Sex-Dependent Effects.

Author: Lin, Cailu, Theodorides, Maria L., McDaniel, Amanda H., Tordoff, Michael G., Zhang, Qinmin, Li, Xia, Bosak, Natalia, Bachmanov, Alexander A., and Reed, Danielle R.
Subjects: *OBESITY, *DIET, *HERITABILITY, *NUTRITIONALLY induced diseases, *DISEASE susceptibility, *NUCLEOTIDE sequence, *LABORATORY mice
Abstract: Obesity is a heritable trait caused by complex interactions between genes and environment, including diet. Gene-by-diet interactions are difficult to study in humans because the human diet is hard to control. Here, we used mice to study dietary obesity genes, by four methods. First, we bred 213 F2 mice from strains that are susceptible [C57BL/6ByJ (B6)] or resistant [129P3/J (129)] to dietary obesity. Percent body fat was assessed after mice ate low-energy diet and again after the same mice ate high-energy diet for 8 weeks. Linkage analyses identified QTLs associated with dietary obesity. Three methods were used to filter candidate genes within the QTL regions: (a) association mapping was conducted using >40 strains; (b) differential gene expression and (c) comparison of genomic DNA sequence, using two strains closely related to the progenitor strains from Experiment 1. The QTL effects depended on whether the mice were male or female or which diet they were recently fed. After feeding a low-energy diet, percent body fat was linked to chr 7 (LOD = 3.42). After feeding a high-energy diet, percent body fat was linked to chr 9 (Obq5; LOD = 3.88), chr 12 (Obq34; LOD = 3.88), and chr 17 (LOD = 4.56). The Chr 7 and 12 QTLs were sex dependent and all QTL were diet-dependent. The combination of filtering methods highlighted seven candidate genes within the QTL locus boundaries: Crx, Dmpk, Ahr, Mrpl28, Glo1, Tubb5, and Mut. However, these filtering methods have limitations so gene identification will require alternative strategies, such as the construction of congenics with very small donor regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2013
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33. Worldwide study of the taste of bitter medicines and their modifiers.

Author: Nguyen H, Lin C, Bell K, Huang A, Hannum M, Ramirez V, Christensen C, Rawson NE, Colquitt L, Domanico P, Sasimovich I, Herriman R, Joseph P, Braimah O, and Reed DR
Abstract: The bitter taste of medicines hinders patient compliance, but not everyone experiences these difficulties because people worldwide differ in their bitterness perception. To better understand how people from diverse ancestries perceive medicines and taste modifiers, 338 adults, European and recent US and Canada immigrants from Asia, South Asia, and Africa, rated the bitterness intensity of taste solutions on a 100-point generalized visual analog scale and provided a saliva sample for genotyping. The taste solutions were five medicines, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), moxifloxacin, praziquantel, amodiaquine, and propylthiouracil (PROP), and four other solutions, TAF mixed with sucralose (sweet, reduces bitterness) or 6-methylflavone (tasteless, reduces bitterness), sucralose alone, and sodium chloride alone. Bitterness ratings differed by ancestry for two of the five drugs (amodiaquine and PROP) and for TAF mixed with sucralose. Genetic analysis showed that people with variants in one bitter receptor variant gene ( TAS2R 38) reported PROP was more bitter than did those with a different variant (p= 7.6e-19) and that people with either an RIMS2 or a THSD4 genotype found sucralose more bitter than did others (p=2.6e-8, p=7.9e-11, resp.). Our findings may help guide the formulation of bad-tasting medicines to meet the needs of those most sensitive to them.
Published: 2024
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34. Thiazolidinediones are partially effective bitter blockers.

Author: Nguyen H, Lin C, Sasimovich I, Bell K, Huang A, Leszkowicz E, Rawson NE, and Reed DR
Abstract: Purpose: The bad bitter taste of some medicines is a barrier to overcoming non-compliance with medication use, especially life-saving drugs given to children and the elderly. Here we evaluated a new class of bitter blockers (thiazolidinediones; TZDs)., Methods: In this study, two TZDs were tested, rosiglitazone (ROSI) and a simpler form of TZD, using a high-potency sweetener as a positive control (neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, NHDC). We tested bitter-blocking effects using the bitter drugs tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF), a treatment for HIV and hepatitis B infection, and praziquantel (PRAZ), a treatment for schistosomiasis, by conducting taste testing with two separate taste panels: a general panel (N=97, 20-23 yrs, 82.5% female, all Eastern European) and a genetically informative panel (N=158, including 68 twin pairs, 18-82 yrs, 76% female, 87% European ancestry). Participants rated the bitterness intensity of the solutions on a 100-point generalized visual analog scale., Findings: Participants in both taste panels rated the bitter drugs TAF and PRAZ as less bitter on average when mixed with NHDC than when sampled alone. ROSI partially suppressed the bitterness of TAF and PRAZ, but effectiveness differed between the two panels: bitterness was significantly reduced for PRAZ but not TAF in the general panel and for TAF but not PRAZ in the genetically informative panel. ROSI was a more effective blocker than the other TZD., Implications: These results suggest that TZDs are partially effective bitter blockers, suggesting other TZDs should be designed and tested with more drugs and on diverse populations to define which ones work best with which drugs and for whom. The discovery of bitter receptor blockers can improve compliance with medication use., Competing Interests: Declarations of interest: none
Published: 2023
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34 results on '"Lin, Cailu"'

1. Linderanine C regulates macrophage polarization by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway against ulcerative colitis

2. A Trefoil factor 3-Lingo2 axis restrains proliferative expansion of type-1 T helper cells during GI nematode infection

3. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

4. Lipopolysaccharide increases bitter taste sensitivity via epigenetic changes in Tas2r gene clusters

5. More than smell – COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

6. Editorial: Herbal medicines and their metabolites: effects on lipid metabolic disorders via modulating oxidative stress

7. Mere end lugtesans - COVID-19 er associeret med svær påvirkning af lugtesansen, smagssansen og mundfølelsen

8. Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

9. Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

10. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

11. Corrigendum to: More than smell: COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

12. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

13. Corrigendum to: More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

14. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

15. The best COVID-19 predictor is recent smell loss: a cross-sectional study

16. Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19: a preregistered, cross-sectional study

17. More than just smell - COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

18. More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

19. Objective sensory testing methods reveal a higher prevalence of olfactory loss in COVID-19–positive patients compared to subjective methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis

20. Studies of Human Twins Reveal Genetic Variation That Affects Dietary Fat Perception

21. Genetics of mouse Tas1r3-independent sucrose intake

22. New insight into human sweet taste: a genome-wide association study of the perception and intake of sweet substances

23. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms.

24. Tissue-dependent expression of bitter receptor TAS2R38 mRNA

25. Personalized expression of bitter ‘taste’ receptors in human skin

26. Adiposity QTL Adip20 decomposes into at least four loci when dissected using congenic strains

27. Tissue-Dependent Expression of Bitter Receptor TAS2R38 mRNA.

28. Genetics of sweet taste preferences†

29. Body Composition QTLs Identified in Intercross Populations Are Reproducible in Consomic Mouse Strains

30. Reply: taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

31. QTL Analysis of Dietary Obesity in C57BL/6byj X 129P3/J F2 Mice: Diet- and Sex-Dependent Effects

32. QTL Analysis of Dietary Obesity in C57BL/6byj X 129P3/J F2 Mice: Diet- and Sex-Dependent Effects.

33. Worldwide study of the taste of bitter medicines and their modifiers.

34. Thiazolidinediones are partially effective bitter blockers.

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34 results on '"Lin, Cailu"'

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