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3. REASSESSING ROUNDUP

Author

Schachtman, Nathan A., Zaruk, David, Tarone, Robert E., Kriebel, David, and Hessari, Nason Maani

Published
2020

6. IARC monographs: 40 years of evaluating carcinogenic hazards to humans.

Author

Pearce, Neil, Blair, Aaron, Vineis, Paolo, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Andersen, Aage, Anto, Josep M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Beland, Frederick A, Berrington, Amy, Bertazzi, Pier Alberto, Birnbaum, Linda S, Brownson, Ross C, Bucher, John R, Cantor, Kenneth P, Cardis, Elisabeth, Cherrie, John W, Christiani, David C, Cocco, Pierluigi, Coggon, David, Comba, Pietro, Demers, Paul A, Dement, John M, Douwes, Jeroen, Eisen, Ellen A, Engel, Lawrence S, Fenske, Richard A, Fleming, Lora E, Fletcher, Tony, Fontham, Elizabeth, Forastiere, Francesco, Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer, Fritschi, Lin, Gerin, Michel, Goldberg, Marcel, Grandjean, Philippe, Grimsrud, Tom K, Gustavsson, Per, Haines, Andy, Hartge, Patricia, Hansen, Johnni, Hauptmann, Michael, Heederik, Dick, Hemminki, Kari, Hemon, Denis, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hoppin, Jane A, Huff, James, Jarvholm, Bengt, Kang, Daehee, Karagas, Margaret R, Kjaerheim, Kristina, Kjuus, Helge, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kriebel, David, Kristensen, Petter, Kromhout, Hans, Laden, Francine, Lebailly, Pierre, LeMasters, Grace, Lubin, Jay H, Lynch, Charles F, Lynge, Elsebeth, 't Mannetje, Andrea, McMichael, Anthony J, McLaughlin, John R, Marrett, Loraine, Martuzzi, Marco, Merchant, James A, Merler, Enzo, Merletti, Franco, Miller, Anthony, Mirer, Franklin E, Monson, Richard, Nordby, Karl-Cristian, Olshan, Andrew F, Parent, Marie-Elise, Perera, Frederica P, Perry, Melissa J, Pesatori, Angela Cecilia, Pirastu, Roberta, Porta, Miquel, Pukkala, Eero, Rice, Carol, Richardson, David B, Ritter, Leonard, Ritz, Beate, Ronckers, Cecile M, Rushton, Lesley, Rusiecki, Jennifer A, Rusyn, Ivan, Samet, Jonathan M, Sandler, Dale P, de Sanjose, Silvia, Schernhammer, Eva, Costantini, Adele Seniori, Seixas, Noah, Shy, Carl, Siemiatycki, Jack, and Silverman, Debra T

Subjects
Humans, Neoplasms, Carcinogens, Environmental, Public Health, Biomedical Research, Publications, International Agencies, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Toxicology
Abstract

BackgroundRecently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also for the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that failures of IARC Working Groups to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate classification of a number of agents as carcinogenic to humans.ObjectivesThe authors of this Commentary are scientists from various disciplines relevant to the identification and hazard evaluation of human carcinogens. We examined criticisms of the IARC classification process to determine the validity of these concerns. Here, we present the results of that examination, review the history of IARC evaluations, and describe how the IARC evaluations are performed.DiscussionWe concluded that these recent criticisms are unconvincing. The procedures employed by IARC to assemble Working Groups of scientists from the various disciplines and the techniques followed to review the literature and perform hazard assessment of various agents provide a balanced evaluation and an appropriate indication of the weight of the evidence. Some disagreement by individual scientists to some evaluations is not evidence of process failure. The review process has been modified over time and will undoubtedly be altered in the future to improve the process. Any process can in theory be improved, and we would support continued review and improvement of the IARC processes. This does not mean, however, that the current procedures are flawed.ConclusionsThe IARC Monographs have made, and continue to make, major contributions to the scientific underpinning for societal actions to improve the public's health.

Published
2015

17. Targeting patients for early COVID-19 therapy; Pre-infection metabolic dysfunction, polycystic ovary syndrome and risk of severe disease in patients under 65: A Massachusetts community-based observational study.

Author

Sama, Susan R., Gore, Rebecca, Bauer, Ann Z., Garber, Lawrence, Rosiello, Richard, Sundaresan, Devi, McDonald, Anne, and Kriebel, David

Subjects
ASPARTATE aminotransferase, COVID-19, POLYCYSTIC ovary syndrome, COVID-19 treatment, METABOLIC disorders, GROUP medical practice
Abstract

Introduction: The demographics of those developing severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outcomes are shifting to younger patients. In an observational study utilizing electronic health records from a Massachusetts group medical practice, we identified 5025 patients with confirmed COVID-19 from March 1 to December 18, 2020. Of these, 3870 were under 65 years of age. We investigated the hypothesis that pre-infection metabolic or immunologic dysregulation including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increased risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes in patients under 65 years of age. Materials and methods: We compared those with COVID-19 related hospitalization or mortality to all other COVID-19 patients, using a case control approach. Using logistic regression and propensity score modeling, we evaluated risk of developing severe COVID-19 outcomes (hospitalization or death) in those with pre-infection comorbidities, metabolic risk factors, or PCOS. Results: Overall, propensity score matched analyses demonstrated pre-infection elevated liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >40, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >40 and blood glucose ≥215 mg/dL were associated with more severe COVID-19 outcomes, OR = 1.74 (95% CI 1.31, 2.31); OR = 1.98 (95% CI 1.52, 2.57), and OR = 1.55 (95% CI 1.08, 2.23) respectively. Elevated hemoglobin A1C or blood glucose levels were even stronger risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes among those aged < 65, OR = 2.31 (95% CI 1.14, 4.66) and OR = 2.42 (95% CI 1.29, 4.56), respectively. In logistic regression models, women aged < 65 with PCOS demonstrated more than a four-fold increased risk of severe COVID-19, OR 4.64 (95% CI 1.98, 10.88). Conclusion: Increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in those < age 65 with pre-infection indicators of metabolic dysfunction heightens the importance of monitoring pre-infection indicators in younger patients for prevention and early treatment. The PCOS finding deserves further investigation. Meanwhile women who suffer from PCOS should be carefully evaluated and prioritized for earlier COVID-19 treatment and vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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31. Occupational Exposure to Solvents and the Risk of Lymphomas

Author

Miligi, Lucia, Costantini, Adele Seniori, Benvenuti, Alessandra, Kriebel, David, Bolejack, Vanessa, Tumino, Rosario, Ramazzotti, Valerio, Rodella, Stefania, Stagnaro, Emanuele, Crosignani, Paolo, Amadori, Dino, Mirabelli, Dario, Sommani, Letizia, Belletti, Isabella, Troschel, Loredana, Romeo, Luciano, Miceli, Giuseppe, Tozzi, Giulio Andrea, Mendico, Igino, and Vineis, Paolo

Published
2006
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37. Guidelines for improving flood-resistance for existing buildings

Author

Behm, Randall L., Coulbourne, William L., Kriebel, David L., and McKenna, Kimberly K.

Subjects
fungi, parasitic diseases, food and beverages, geographic locations, humanities
Abstract

This technical report has been developed for use in Canada in support of guidelines for improving the flood resistance of existing buildings. Currently, there are no national recommendations for assessing, evaluating, and mitigating the flood risk to existing buildings. The guidance and recommendations provided in this document are intended to assist in identifying the risk of flooding to individual buildings, and to evaluate potential mitigation techniques for implementation., Prepared by: Coulbourne Consulting for National Research Council Canada, NRC Contract No. 930582., Préparé par: Coulbourne Consulting pour National Research Council Canada, NRC Contract No. 930582.

Published
2021

38. Guide for design of flood-resistant buildings

Author

Coulbourne, William L., Kriebel, David L., Behm, Randall L., and McKenna, Kimberly K.

Abstract

This technical guidance document has been developed for use in Canada for the design of flood-resistant buildings. Currently the National Building Code (NBC) does not discuss how flood loads should be treated in Canada, including what conditions flood loads should consider, what formulas to use to determine flood loads, and how to combine flood loads with other loading conditions such as dead or live loads, wind loads, or rain or ice loads. Floodplain mapping and associated bylaws or ordinances currently are developed at the provincial level; there are no national standards that guide how flood loads should be determined and there is no uniform flood risk used in Canada since the flood risk is established at the provincial level. This guidance document is intended to address these issues at a national level., Prepared by: Coulbourne Consulting for National Research Council Canada, NRC Contract No. 930582., Préparé par: Coulbourne Consulting pour National Research Council Canada, NRC Contract No. 930582.

Published
2021

39. Abschlussbericht ESF Nachwuchsforschergruppe E-PISA: Energieautarke, drahtlose piezoelektrische MEMS Sensoren und Aktoren in der Medizintechnik und Industrie 4.0

Author

Böttger, Simon, Bucher, Julien, Kriebel, David, Meinel, Katja, Solonenko, Dmytro, Stiebing, Martin, and Stöckel, Chris

Subjects
ddc:621.3, Medical Engineering, Wake-Up MEMS, Piezo-electric thin film, ddc:330, ddc:530, MEMS, Aluminiumnitrid, Drucksensor, Industrie 4.0, Mikrosystemtechnik, Medizintechnik, MEMS, CNT-FETs, MOEMS, Industrie 4.0, Drucksensoren, Aln, ddc:620
Abstract

Im ESF geförderten Projekt E-PISA sind verschiedene, hoch innovative, von der globalen Forschungslandschaft ausgezeichnete und gleichzeitig industrierelevante technische Entwicklungen im Bereich der Mikrosystemtechnik, Medizintechnik und Industrie 4.0 vorangetrieben worden. Fokus der technischen Entwicklung waren zum einen Grundlagenforschung und zum anderen Applikationen von Mikrosystemen auf Basis piezoelektrischer Dünnschichten mit Aluminiumnitrid und Elektronik mit Carbon-Nano-Tubes.:Liebe LeserInnen, 5 E-PISA Team 6 Innovative Applikationen 11 Innovative Technologien 13 Regionaler Bezug 15 Wissenstransfer in Zahlen 17 Piezoelektrisches Dünnschicht-Aluminiumnitrid für Mikrosysteme 19 Mikro-opto-elektro-mechanische Systeme 23 Acoustic Emission Sensoren 29 Drucksensoren für medizinische Katheter 33 Kristallwachstum 37 Innovationssysteme, Märkte und Forschungsnetzwerke 45 Zuverlässigkeit piezoelektrischer Schichtsysteme der Mikrotechnologie 51 Veröffentlichungen und Auszeichnungen 53 Zukunftsfähigkeit 61 Danksagung 63

Published
2020

49. The IARC Monographs: Updated procedures for modern and transparent evidence synthesis in cancer hazard identification

Author

Samet, Jonathan M, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Cogliano, Vincent, Jinot, Jennifer, Kriebel, David, Lunn, Ruth M, Beland, Frederick A, Bero, Lisa, Browne, Patience, Fritschi, Lin, Kanno, Jun, Lachenmeier, Dirk W, Lan, Qing, Lasfargues, Gérard, Curieux, Frank Le, Peters, Susan, Shubat, Pamela, Sone, Hideko, White, Mary C, Williamson, Jon, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Siemiatycki, Jack, White, Paul A, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, Hall, Amy L, Grosse, Yann, Bouvard, Véronique, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Ghissassi, Fatiha El, Lauby-Secretan, Béatrice, Armstrong, Bruce, Saracci, Rodolfo, Zavadil, Jiri, Straif, Kurt, Wild, Christopher P, One Health Chemisch, and One Health Chemisch

Subjects
Program evaluation, 0303 health sciences, Cancer Research, Cancer prevention, Computer science, MEDLINE, Harmonization, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Preamble, R1, 03 medical and health sciences, Editor's Choice, Oncology, Public health surveillance, Risk analysis (engineering), Neoplasms, Milestone (project management), Commentary, Carcinogens, Humans, Identification (biology), B1, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Monographs produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) apply rigorous procedures for the scientific review and evaluation of carcinogenic hazards by independent experts. The Preamble to the IARC Monographs, which outlines these procedures, was updated in 2019, following recommendations of a 2018 expert advisory group. This article presents the key features of the updated Preamble, a major milestone that will enable IARC to take advantage of recent scientific and procedural advances made during the 12 years since the last Preamble amendments. The updated Preamble formalizes important developments already being pioneered in the Monographs program. These developments were taken forward in a clarified and strengthened process for identifying, reviewing, evaluating, and integrating evidence to identify causes of human cancer. The advancements adopted include the strengthening of systematic review methodologies; greater emphasis on mechanistic evidence, based on key characteristics of carcinogens; greater consideration of quality and informativeness in the critical evaluation of epidemiological studies, including their exposure assessment methods; improved harmonization of evaluation criteria for the different evidence streams; and a single-step process of integrating evidence on cancer in humans, cancer in experimental animals, and mechanisms for reaching overall evaluations. In all, the updated Preamble underpins a stronger and more transparent method for the identification of carcinogenic hazards, the essential first step in cancer prevention.

Published
2019

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