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1. Condensate evolution in the solar nebula inferred from combined Cr, Ti, and O isotope analyses of amoeboid olivine aggregates

Author

Jansen, Christian A., Burkhardt, Christoph, Marrocchi, Yves, Schneider, Jonas M., Wölfer, Elias, and Kleine, Thorsten

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Refractory inclusions in chondritic meteorites, namely amoeboid olivine aggregates (AOAs) and Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs), are among the first solids to have formed in the solar system. The isotopic composition of CAIs is distinct from bulk meteorites, which either results from extreme processing of presolar carriers in the CAI-forming region, or reflects an inherited heterogeneity from the Sun's parental molecular cloud. Amoeboid olivine aggregates are less refractory than CAIs and provide a record of how the isotopic composition of solid material in the disk may have changed in time and space. However, the isotopic composition of AOAs and how this composition relates to that of CAIs and later-formed solids is unknown. Here, using new O, Ti, and Cr isotopic data for eight AOAs from the Allende CV3 chondrite, we show that CAIs and AOAs share a common isotopic composition, indicating a close genetic link and formation from the same isotopic reservoir. Because AOAs are less refractory than CAIs, this observation is difficult to reconcile with a thermal processing origin of the isotope anomalies. Instead, the common isotopic composition of CAIs and AOAs is readily accounted for in a model in which the isotopic composition of infalling material from the Sun's parental molecular cloud changed over time. In this model, CAIs and AOAs record the isotopic composition of the early infall, while later-formed solids contain a larger fraction of the later, isotopically distinct infall. This model implies that CAIs and AOAs record the isotopic composition of the Sun and suggests that the nucleosynthetic isotope heterogeneity of the solar system is predominantly produced by mixing of solar nebula condensates, which acquired their distinct isotopic compositions as a result of time-varied infall from the protosolar cloud., Comment: Published gold open access in Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Published
2024
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2. Origin of isotopic diversity among carbonaceous chondrites

Author

Hellmann, Jan L., Schneider, Jonas M., Wölfer, Elias, Drążkowska, Joanna, Jansen, Christian A., Hopp, Timo, Burkhardt, Christoph, and Kleine, Thorsten

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Carbonaceous chondrites are some of the most primitive meteorites and derive from planetesimals that formed a few million years after the beginning of the solar system. Here, using new and previously published Cr, Ti, and Te isotopic data, we show that carbonaceous chondrites exhibit correlated isotopic variations that can be accounted for by mixing among three major constituents having distinct isotopic compositions, namely refractory inclusions, chondrules, and CI chondrite-like matrix. The abundances of refractory inclusions and chondrules are coupled and systematically decrease with increasing amount of matrix. We propose that these correlated abundance variations reflect trapping of chondrule precursors, including refractory inclusions, in a pressure maximum in the disk, which is likely related to the water ice line and the ultimate formation location of Jupiter. The variable abundance of refractory inclusions/chondrules relative to matrix is the result of their distinct aerodynamical properties resulting in differential delivery rates and their preferential incorporation into chondrite parent bodies during the streaming instability, consistent with the early formation of matrix-poor and the later accretion of matrix-rich carbonaceous chondrites. Our results suggest that chondrules formed locally from isotopically heterogeneous dust aggregates which themselves derive from a wide area of the disk, implying that dust enrichment in a pressure trap was an important step to facilitate the accretion of carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies or, more generally, planetesimals in the outer solar system., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2023
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3. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor levels predict survival in patients with portal hypertension undergoing TIPS

Author

Loosen, Sven H., Benz, Fabian, Mohr, Raphael, Reuken, Philipp A., Wirtz, Theresa H., Junker, Lioba, Jansen, Christian, Meyer, Carsten, Praktiknjo, Michael, Wree, Alexander, Reißing, Johanna, Demir, Münevver, Gu, Wenyi, Vucur, Mihael, Schierwagen, Robert, Stallmach, Andreas, Kunstein, Anselm, Bode, Johannes, Trautwein, Christian, Tacke, Frank, Luedde, Tom, Bruns, Tony, Trebicka, Jonel, and Roderburg, Christoph

Published
2024
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4. Assessment of Hypercoagulability in Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis by Measurement of the Hemostasis Enzymes Thrombin and Activated Protein C.

Author

Reda, Sara, Chang, Johannes, Busse, Johanna, Schwarz, Nadine, McRae, Hannah L., Müller, Jens, Strassburg, Christian P., Oldenburg, Johannes, Pötzsch, Bernd, Jansen, Christian, and Rühl, Heiko

Subjects
BLOOD coagulation, PROTEIN C, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, MYELOPROLIFERATIVE neoplasms, PROTHROMBIN, THROMBIN
Abstract

Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT), which is particularly prevalent in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), has a multifactorial pathomechanism involving the anticoagulant protein C (PC) pathway. To better characterize the hypercoagulable state in SVT we assessed its key enzymes thrombin and activated PC (APC). The study population included 73 patients with SVT, thereof 36 MPN+, confirmed by bone marrow biopsy, 37 MPN−, and 30 healthy controls. Direct measurement of the active enzyme forms of thrombin and APC in the circulation was achieved by using oligonucleotide-based enzyme capture assays (OECA). Additionally, activation markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis were measured. Plasma levels of free thrombin and APC were higher in the MPN+ than in the MPN− cohort, with 0.49 vs. <0.46 pmol/L (p = 0.0057), respectively, 1.23 vs. 0.58 pmol/L (p = 0.0122), and in healthy controls (vs. <0.46 pmol/L, p = 0.0012; vs. 0.54 pmol/L, p = 0.0035). The indirect activation markers prothrombin fragment 1+2, thrombin-antithrombin complex, and D-dimer did not differ between groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested that SVT patients with MPN can be better distinguished by APC than by conventional indirect thrombin markers. A potential application of these biomarkers to guide anticoagulant therapy and to investigate the role of the PC pathway in MPN-associated hypercoagulability should be further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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12. Balance between macrophage migration inhibitory factor and sCD74 predicts outcome in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis

Author

Wirtz, Theresa H., Reuken, Philipp A., Jansen, Christian, Fischer, Petra, Bergmann, Irina, Backhaus, Christina, Emontzpohl, Christoph, Reißing, Johanna, Brandt, Elisa F., Koenen, M. Teresa, Schneider, Kai M., Schierwagen, Robert, Brol, Maximilian J., Chang, Johannes, Zimmermann, Henning W., Köse-Vogel, Nilay, Eggermann, Thomas, Kurth, Ingo, Stoppe, Christian, Bucala, Richard, Bernhagen, Jürgen, Praktiknjo, Michael, Stallmach, Andreas, Trautwein, Christian, Trebicka, Jonel, Bruns, Tony, and Berres, Marie-Luise

Published
2021
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13. Effects of Early Placement of Transjugular Portosystemic Shunts in Patients With High-Risk Acute Variceal Bleeding: a Meta-analysis of Individual Patient Data

Author

Bureau, Christophe, Abraldes, Juan G., Nevens, Frederik, Caca, Karel, Laleman, Wim, Appenrodt, Beate, Luca, Angelo, Vinel, Jean Pierre, Mössner, Joachim, Di Pascoli, Marco, Zipprich, Alexander, Sauerbruch, Tilman, Martinez-Lagares, Francisco, Ruiz-del-Arbol, Luis, Sierra, Angel, Guevara, Clemencia, Jimenez, Elena, Marrero, Jose Miguel, Buceta, Enrique, Sanchez, Juan, Castellot, Ana, Penate, Monica, Cruz, Ana, Pena, Elena, Procopeț, Bogdan, Giráldez, Álvaro, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Ibañez-Samaniego, Luis, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Martinez, Javier, Genescà, Joan, Trebicka, Jonel, Llop, Elba, Palazon, Jose Maria, Castellote, Jose, Rodrigues, Susana, Gluud, Lise L., Ferreira, Carlos Noronha, Barcelo, Rafael, Cañete, Nuria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, Jose Luis, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernández-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell’Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Calleja, Jose Luis, Jansen, Christian, Robic, Marie Angèle, Conejo, Irene, Catalina, Maria-Vega, Albillos, Agustin, Alvarado, Edilmar, Guardascione, Maria Anna, Tanțău, Marcel, Zuo, Luo, Zhu, Xuan, Zhao, Jianbo, Xue, Hui, Jiang, Zaibo, Zhuge, Yuzheng, Zhang, Chunqing, Sun, Junhui, Ding, Pengxu, Ren, Weixin, Li, Yingchun, Zhang, Kewei, Zhang, Wenguang, He, Chuangye, Zhong, Jiawei, Peng, Qifeng, Ma, Fuquan, Luo, Junyang, Zhang, Ming, Wang, Guangchuan, Sun, Minhuang, Dong, Junjiao, Bai, Wei, Guo, Wengang, Wang, Qiuhe, Yuan, Xulong, Wang, Zhengyu, Yu, Tianlei, Luo, Bohan, Li, Xiaomei, Yuan, Jie, Han, Na, Zhu, Ying, Niu, Jing, Li, Kai, Yin, Zhanxin, Nie, Yongzhan, Fischer, Petra, Horia Ștefănescu, Pop, Andreea, Laursen, Stig B., Turon, Fanny, Baiges, Anna, Ferrusquía-Acosta, José, Magaz, Marta, Cerda, Eira, Tellez, Luis, Allegretti, Giulia, Macedo, Guilherme, Haldrup, David, Santos, Patricia, Moura, Miguel, Reis, Daniela, Meireles, Liliane, Sousa, Patricia, Alexandrino, Paula, Navascues, Carmen, Augustin, Salvador, La Mura, Vincenzo, Bañares, Rafael, Diaz, Raquel, Gómez, Marta López, Ripoll, Cristina, Nicoară-Farcău, Oana, Han, Guohong, Rudler, Marika, Angrisani, Debora, Monescillo, Alberto, Torres, Ferran, Casanovas, Georgina, Bosch, Jaime, Lv, Yong, Thabut, Dominique, Fan, Daiming, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, and García-Pagán, Juan Carlos

Published
2021
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14. Efficacy of Albumin Treatment for Patients with Cirrhosis and Infections Unrelated to Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Author

Fernández, Javier, Angeli, Paolo, Trebicka, Jonel, Merli, Manuela, Gustot, Thierry, Alessandria, Carlo, Aagaard, Niels Kristian, de Gottardi, Andrea, Welzel, Tania M., Gerbes, Alexander, Soriano, German, Vargas, Victor, Albillos, Agustin, Salerno, Francesco, Durand, Francois, Bañares, Rafael, Stauber, Rudolf, Prado, Verónica, Arteaga, Mireya, Hernández-Tejero, María, Aziz, Fátima, Morando, Filippo, Jansen, Christian, Lattanzi, Barbara, Moreno, Christophe, Campion, Daniela, Gronbaek, Henning, Garcia, Rita, Sánchez, Cristina, García, Elisabet, Amorós, Alex, Pavesi, Marco, Clària, Joan, Moreau, Richard, and Arroyo, Vicente

Published
2020
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Author

Balcar, Lorenz, Mandorfer, Mattias, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, Procopet, Bogdan, Meyer, Elias Laurin, Giráldez, Álvaro, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Thabut, Dominique, Samaniego, Luis Ibáñez, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Martinez, Javier, Genescà, Joan, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Herrera, Elba Llop, Laleman, Wim, Palazón Azorín, José María, Alonso, Jose Castellote, Gluud, Lise Lotte, Ferreira, Carlos Noronha, Cañete, Nuria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, Jose Luis, Grønbæk, Henning, Hernandez Guerra, Manuel Nicolas, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell'Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco, Abraldes, Juan Gonzalez, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Nevens, Frederik, Calleja, Jose Luis, Jansen, Christian, Catalina, María Vega, Albillos, Agustín, Rudler, Marika, Tapias, Edilmar Alvarado, Guardascione, Maria Anna, Tantau, Marcel, Schwarzer, Rémy, Reiberger, Thomas, Laursen, Stig Borbjerg, Lopez-Gomez, Marta, Balcar, Lorenz, Mandorfer, Mattias, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, Procopet, Bogdan, Meyer, Elias Laurin, Giráldez, Álvaro, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Thabut, Dominique, Samaniego, Luis Ibáñez, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Martinez, Javier, Genescà, Joan, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Herrera, Elba Llop, Laleman, Wim, Palazón Azorín, José María, Alonso, Jose Castellote, Gluud, Lise Lotte, Ferreira, Carlos Noronha, Cañete, Nuria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, Jose Luis, Grønbæk, Henning, Hernandez Guerra, Manuel Nicolas, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell'Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco, Abraldes, Juan Gonzalez, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Nevens, Frederik, Calleja, Jose Luis, Jansen, Christian, Catalina, María Vega, Albillos, Agustín, Rudler, Marika, Tapias, Edilmar Alvarado, Guardascione, Maria Anna, Tantau, Marcel, Schwarzer, Rémy, Reiberger, Thomas, Laursen, Stig Borbjerg, and Lopez-Gomez, Marta

Abstract

Background & Aims Pre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is the treatment of choice for high-risk acute variceal bleeding (AVB; i.e., Child-Turcotte-Pugh [CTP] B8-9+active bleeding/C10-13). Nevertheless, some ‘non-high-risk’ patients have poor outcomes despite the combination of non-selective beta-blockers and endoscopic variceal ligation for secondary prophylaxis. We investigated prognostic factors for re-bleeding and mortality in ‘non-high-risk’ AVB to identify subgroups who may benefit from more potent treatments (i.e., TIPS) to prevent further decompensation and mortality. Methods A total of 2,225 adults with cirrhosis and variceal bleeding were prospectively recruited at 34 centres between 2011-2015; for the purpose of this study, case definitions and information on prognostic indicators at index AVB and on day 5 were further refined in low-risk patients, of whom 581 (without failure to control bleeding or contraindications to TIPS) who were managed by non-selective beta-blockers/endoscopic variceal ligation, were finally included. Patients were followed for 1 year. Results Overall, 90 patients (15%) re-bled and 70 (12%) patients died during follow-up. Using clinical routine data, no meaningful predictors of re-bleeding were identified. However, re-bleeding (included as a time-dependent co-variable) increased mortality, even after accounting for differences in patient characteristics (adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio: 2.57; 95% CI 1.43-4.62; p = 0.002). A nomogram including CTP, creatinine, and sodium measured at baseline accurately (concordance: 0.752) stratified the risk of death. Conclusion The majority of ‘non-high-risk’ patients with AVB have an excellent prognosis, if treated according to current recommendations. However, about one-fifth of patients, i.e. those with CTP ≥8 and/or high creatinine levels or hyponatremia, have a considerable risk of death within 1 year of the index, Background & Aims: Pre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is the treatment of choice for high-risk acute variceal bleeding (AVB; i.e., Child-Turcotte-Pugh [CTP] B8-9+active bleeding/C10-13). Nevertheless, some ‘non-high-risk’ patients have poor outcomes despite the combination of non-selective beta-blockers and endoscopic variceal ligation for secondary prophylaxis. We investigated prognostic factors for re-bleeding and mortality in ‘non-high-risk’ AVB to identify subgroups who may benefit from more potent treatments (i.e., TIPS) to prevent further decompensation and mortality. Methods: A total of 2,225 adults with cirrhosis and variceal bleeding were prospectively recruited at 34 centres between 2011-2015; for the purpose of this study, case definitions and information on prognostic indicators at index AVB and on day 5 were further refined in low-risk patients, of whom 581 (without failure to control bleeding or contraindications to TIPS) who were managed by non-selective beta-blockers/endoscopic variceal ligation, were finally included. Patients were followed for 1 year. Results: Overall, 90 patients (15%) re-bled and 70 (12%) patients died during follow-up. Using clinical routine data, no meaningful predictors of re-bleeding were identified. However, re-bleeding (included as a time-dependent co-variable) increased mortality, even after accounting for differences in patient characteristics (adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio: 2.57; 95% CI 1.43-4.62; p = 0.002). A nomogram including CTP, creatinine, and sodium measured at baseline accurately (concordance: 0.752) stratified the risk of death. Conclusion: The majority of ‘non-high-risk’ patients with AVB have an excellent prognosis, if treated according to current recommendations. However, about one-fifth of patients, i.e. those with CTP ≥8 and/or high creatinine levels or hyponatremia, have a considerable risk of death within 1 year of the index bleed. Future clinical trials should

Published
2024

17. Advancing microbiome research with machine learning: key findings from the ML4Microbiome COST action

Author

D’Elia, Domenica, primary, Truu, Jaak, additional, Lahti, Leo, additional, Berland, Magali, additional, Papoutsoglou, Georgios, additional, Ceci, Michelangelo, additional, Zomer, Aldert, additional, Lopes, Marta B., additional, Ibrahimi, Eliana, additional, Gruca, Aleksandra, additional, Nechyporenko, Alina, additional, Frohme, Marcus, additional, Klammsteiner, Thomas, additional, Pau, Enrique Carrillo-de Santa, additional, Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith, additional, Hron, Karel, additional, Pio, Gianvito, additional, Simeon, Andrea, additional, Suharoschi, Ramona, additional, Moreno-Indias, Isabel, additional, Temko, Andriy, additional, Nedyalkova, Miroslava, additional, Apostol, Elena-Simona, additional, Truică, Ciprian-Octavian, additional, Shigdel, Rajesh, additional, Telalović, Jasminka Hasić, additional, Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik, additional, Przymus, Piotr, additional, Jordamović, Naida Babić, additional, Falquet, Laurent, additional, Tarazona, Sonia, additional, Sampri, Alexia, additional, Isola, Gaetano, additional, Pérez-Serrano, David, additional, Trajkovik, Vladimir, additional, Klucar, Lubos, additional, Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana, additional, Havulinna, Aki S., additional, Jansen, Christian, additional, Bertelsen, Randi J., additional, and Claesson, Marcus Joakim, additional

Published
2023
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18. Assessing the Performance of a Novel Stool-Based Microbiome Test That Predicts Response to First Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Multiple Cancer Types

Author

Robinson, Irina, primary, Hochmair, Maximilian Johannes, additional, Schmidinger, Manuela, additional, Absenger, Gudrun, additional, Pichler, Martin, additional, Nguyen, Van Anh, additional, Richtig, Erika, additional, Rainer, Barbara Margaretha, additional, Ay, Leyla, additional, Jansen, Christian, additional, Pacífico, Cátia, additional, Knabl, Alexander, additional, Sladek, Barbara, additional, Gasche, Nikolaus, additional, and Valipour, Arschang, additional

Published
2023
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19. Sarcopenia Is Associated With Development of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis Receiving Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt

Author

Praktiknjo, Michael, Clees, Caroline, Pigliacelli, Alessandra, Fischer, Stefan, Jansen, Christian, Lehmann, Jennifer, Pohlmann, Alessandra, Lattanzi, Barbara, Krabbe, Viktoria Katharina, Strassburg, Christian P., Arroyo, Vicente, Merli, Manuela, Meyer, Carsten, and Trebicka, Jonel

Published
2019
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20. Hepatic encephalopathy is not a contraindication to pre-emptive TIPS in high-risk patients with cirrhosis with variceal bleeding

Author

Rudler, Marika, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, Procopet, Bogdan Dumitru, Giráldez, Alvaro, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Càndid, Ibañez, Luis, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Genesca, Joan, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Bañares, Rafael, Krag, Aleksander, Llop, Elba, Laleman, Wim, Palazon, Jose Maria, Castellote, Jose, Rodrigues, Susana, Gluud, Lise Lotte, Noronha Ferreira, Carlos, Canete, Nouria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, Jose Luis, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernandez-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell'Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco, Abraldes, Juan G, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Larrue, Hélène, Primignani, Massimo, Nevens, Frederik, Calleja, Jose Luis, Schwarzer, Remy, Jansen, Christian, Robic, Marie Angèle, Conejo, Irene, Gonzalez, Javier Martínez, Catalina, Maria Vega, Albillos, Agustín, Alvarado, Edilmar, Guardascione, Maria Anna, Mallet, Maxime, Tripon, Simona, Casanovas, Georgina, Bosch, Jaume, Garcia-Pagan, Juan-Carlos, Thabut, Dominique, Rudler, Marika, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, Procopet, Bogdan Dumitru, Giráldez, Alvaro, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Càndid, Ibañez, Luis, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Genesca, Joan, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Bañares, Rafael, Krag, Aleksander, Llop, Elba, Laleman, Wim, Palazon, Jose Maria, Castellote, Jose, Rodrigues, Susana, Gluud, Lise Lotte, Noronha Ferreira, Carlos, Canete, Nouria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, Jose Luis, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernandez-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell'Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco, Abraldes, Juan G, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Larrue, Hélène, Primignani, Massimo, Nevens, Frederik, Calleja, Jose Luis, Schwarzer, Remy, Jansen, Christian, Robic, Marie Angèle, Conejo, Irene, Gonzalez, Javier Martínez, Catalina, Maria Vega, Albillos, Agustín, Alvarado, Edilmar, Guardascione, Maria Anna, Mallet, Maxime, Tripon, Simona, Casanovas, Georgina, Bosch, Jaume, Garcia-Pagan, Juan-Carlos, and Thabut, Dominique

Abstract

Background: A pre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (pTIPS) reduces mortality in high-risk patients with cirrhosis (Child-Pugh C/B+active bleeding) with acute variceal bleeding (AVB). Real-life studies point out that <15% of patients eligible for pTIPS ultimately undergo transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) due to concerns about hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The outcome of patients undergoing pTIPS with HE is unknown. We aimed to (1) assess the prevalence of HE in patients with AVB; (2) evaluate the outcome of patients presenting HE at admission after pTIPS; and (3) determine if HE at admission is a risk factor for death and post-TIPS HE. Patients and methods: This is an observational study including 2138 patients from 34 centres between October 2011 and May 2015. Placement of pTIPS was based on individual centre policy. Patients were followed up to 1 year, death or liver transplantation. Results: 671 of 2138 patients were considered at high risk, 66 received pTIPS and 605 endoscopic+drug treatment. At admission, HE was significantly more frequent in high-risk than in low-risk patients (39.2% vs 10.6%, p<0.001). In high-risk patients with HE at admission, pTIPS was associated with a lower 1-year mortality than endoscopic+drug (HR 0.374, 95% CI 0.166 to 0.845, p=0.0181). The incidence of HE was not different between patients treated with pTIPS and endoscopic+drug (38.2% vs 38.7%, p=0.9721), even in patients with HE at admission (56.4% vs 58.7%, p=0.4594). Age >56, shock, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score >15, endoscopic+drug treatment and HE at admission were independent factors of death in high-risk patients. Conclusion: pTIPS is associated with better survival than endoscopic treatment in high-risk patients with cirrhosis with variceal bleeding displaying HE at admission.

Published
2023

21. Advancing microbiome research with machine learning: key findings from the ML4Microbiome COST action

Author

D'Elia, Domenica, Truu, Jaak, Lahti, Leo, Berland, Magali, Papoutsoglou, Georgios, Ceci, Michelangelo, Zomer, Aldert, Lopes, Marta B, Ibrahimi, Eliana, Gruca, Aleksandra, Nechyporenko, Alina, Frohme, Marcus, Klammsteiner, Thomas, Pau, Enrique Carrillo-de Santa, Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith, Hron, Karel, Pio, Gianvito, Simeon, Andrea, Suharoschi, Ramona, Moreno-Indias, Isabel, Temko, Andriy, Nedyalkova, Miroslava, Apostol, Elena-Simona, Truică, Ciprian-Octavian, Shigdel, Rajesh, Telalović, Jasminka Hasić, Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik, Przymus, Piotr, Jordamović, Naida Babić, Falquet, Laurent, Tarazona, Sonia, Sampri, Alexia, Isola, Gaetano, Pérez-Serrano, David, Trajkovik, Vladimir, Klucar, Lubos, Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana, Havulinna, Aki S, Jansen, Christian, Bertelsen, Randi J, Claesson, Marcus Joakim, D'Elia, Domenica, Truu, Jaak, Lahti, Leo, Berland, Magali, Papoutsoglou, Georgios, Ceci, Michelangelo, Zomer, Aldert, Lopes, Marta B, Ibrahimi, Eliana, Gruca, Aleksandra, Nechyporenko, Alina, Frohme, Marcus, Klammsteiner, Thomas, Pau, Enrique Carrillo-de Santa, Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith, Hron, Karel, Pio, Gianvito, Simeon, Andrea, Suharoschi, Ramona, Moreno-Indias, Isabel, Temko, Andriy, Nedyalkova, Miroslava, Apostol, Elena-Simona, Truică, Ciprian-Octavian, Shigdel, Rajesh, Telalović, Jasminka Hasić, Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik, Przymus, Piotr, Jordamović, Naida Babić, Falquet, Laurent, Tarazona, Sonia, Sampri, Alexia, Isola, Gaetano, Pérez-Serrano, David, Trajkovik, Vladimir, Klucar, Lubos, Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana, Havulinna, Aki S, Jansen, Christian, Bertelsen, Randi J, and Claesson, Marcus Joakim

Abstract

The rapid development of machine learning (ML) techniques has opened up the data-dense field of microbiome research for novel therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic applications targeting a wide range of disorders, which could substantially improve healthcare practices in the era of precision medicine. However, several challenges must be addressed to exploit the benefits of ML in this field fully. In particular, there is a need to establish "gold standard" protocols for conducting ML analysis experiments and improve interactions between microbiome researchers and ML experts. The Machine Learning Techniques in Human Microbiome Studies (ML4Microbiome) COST Action CA18131 is a European network established in 2019 to promote collaboration between discovery-oriented microbiome researchers and data-driven ML experts to optimize and standardize ML approaches for microbiome analysis. This perspective paper presents the key achievements of ML4Microbiome, which include identifying predictive and discriminatory 'omics' features, improving repeatability and comparability, developing automation procedures, and defining priority areas for the novel development of ML methods targeting the microbiome. The insights gained from ML4Microbiome will help to maximize the potential of ML in microbiome research and pave the way for new and improved healthcare practices.

Published
2023

22. Advancing microbiome research with machine learning: key findings from the ML4Microbiome COST action

Author

Klinische infectiologie en microb. lab., Infectious Diseases and Immunology - KLIF, D'Elia, Domenica, Truu, Jaak, Lahti, Leo, Berland, Magali, Papoutsoglou, Georgios, Ceci, Michelangelo, Zomer, Aldert, Lopes, Marta B, Ibrahimi, Eliana, Gruca, Aleksandra, Nechyporenko, Alina, Frohme, Marcus, Klammsteiner, Thomas, Pau, Enrique Carrillo-de Santa, Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith, Hron, Karel, Pio, Gianvito, Simeon, Andrea, Suharoschi, Ramona, Moreno-Indias, Isabel, Temko, Andriy, Nedyalkova, Miroslava, Apostol, Elena-Simona, Truică, Ciprian-Octavian, Shigdel, Rajesh, Telalović, Jasminka Hasić, Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik, Przymus, Piotr, Jordamović, Naida Babić, Falquet, Laurent, Tarazona, Sonia, Sampri, Alexia, Isola, Gaetano, Pérez-Serrano, David, Trajkovik, Vladimir, Klucar, Lubos, Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana, Havulinna, Aki S, Jansen, Christian, Bertelsen, Randi J, Claesson, Marcus Joakim, Klinische infectiologie en microb. lab., Infectious Diseases and Immunology - KLIF, D'Elia, Domenica, Truu, Jaak, Lahti, Leo, Berland, Magali, Papoutsoglou, Georgios, Ceci, Michelangelo, Zomer, Aldert, Lopes, Marta B, Ibrahimi, Eliana, Gruca, Aleksandra, Nechyporenko, Alina, Frohme, Marcus, Klammsteiner, Thomas, Pau, Enrique Carrillo-de Santa, Marcos-Zambrano, Laura Judith, Hron, Karel, Pio, Gianvito, Simeon, Andrea, Suharoschi, Ramona, Moreno-Indias, Isabel, Temko, Andriy, Nedyalkova, Miroslava, Apostol, Elena-Simona, Truică, Ciprian-Octavian, Shigdel, Rajesh, Telalović, Jasminka Hasić, Bongcam-Rudloff, Erik, Przymus, Piotr, Jordamović, Naida Babić, Falquet, Laurent, Tarazona, Sonia, Sampri, Alexia, Isola, Gaetano, Pérez-Serrano, David, Trajkovik, Vladimir, Klucar, Lubos, Loncar-Turukalo, Tatjana, Havulinna, Aki S, Jansen, Christian, Bertelsen, Randi J, and Claesson, Marcus Joakim

Published
2023

23. Alcohol-related liver disease phenotype impacts survival after an acute variceal bleeding episode

Author

Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Villagrasa, Ares, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, Bataller, Ramón, Giráldez, Álvaro, Procopet, Bogdan, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Thabut, Dominique, Ibáñez-Samaniego, Luis, Albillos, Agustin, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Llop, Elba, Laleman, Wim, Palazón, Jose María, Castellote, José, Rodrigues, Susana, Gluud, Lise L., Ferreira, Carlos N., Cañete, Nuria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, José Luis, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernández-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Alessandra Dell'Era, Senzolo, Marco, Abraldes, Juan G., Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Tantau, Marcel, Guardascione, Maria Anna, Alvarado, Edilmar, Rudler, Marika, Bañares, Rafael, Martínez, Javier, Robic, Marie Angèle, Jansen, Christian, Calleja, José Luis, Nevens, Frederik, Bosch, Jaime, Ventura-Cots, Meritxell, García-Pagán, Juan Carlos, Genescà, Joan, for the International Variceal Bleeding Observational Study Group; Baveno Cooperation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Villagrasa, Ares, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, Bataller, Ramón, Giráldez, Álvaro, Procopet, Bogdan, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Thabut, Dominique, Ibáñez-Samaniego, Luis, Albillos, Agustin, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Llop, Elba, Laleman, Wim, Palazón, Jose María, Castellote, José, Rodrigues, Susana, Gluud, Lise L., Ferreira, Carlos N., Cañete, Nuria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, José Luis, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernández-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Alessandra Dell'Era, Senzolo, Marco, Abraldes, Juan G., Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Tantau, Marcel, Guardascione, Maria Anna, Alvarado, Edilmar, Rudler, Marika, Bañares, Rafael, Martínez, Javier, Robic, Marie Angèle, Jansen, Christian, Calleja, José Luis, Nevens, Frederik, Bosch, Jaime, Ventura-Cots, Meritxell, García-Pagán, Juan Carlos, Genescà, Joan, and for the International Variceal Bleeding Observational Study Group; Baveno Cooperation

Abstract

[Background & Aims] Alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) encompasses a high mortality. AH might be a concomitant event in patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB). The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of AH in patients with AVB and to compare the clinical outcomes of AH patients to other alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) phenotypes and viral cirrhosis., [Methods] Multicentre, observational study including 916 patients with AVB falling under the next categories: AH (n = 99), ALD cirrhosis actively drinking (d-ALD) (n = 285), ALD cirrhosis abstinent from alcohol (a-ALD) (n = 227) and viral cirrhosis (n = 305). We used a Cox proportional hazards model to calculate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of death adjusted by MELD., [Results] The prevalence of AH was 16% considering only ALD patients. AH patients exhibited more complications. Forty-two days transplant-free survival was worse among AH, but statistical differences were only observed between AH and d-ALD groups (84 vs. 93%; p = 0.005), when adjusted by MELD no differences were observed between AH and the other groups. At one-year, survival of AH patients (72.7%) was similar to the other groups; when adjusted by MELD mortality HR was better in AH compared to a-ALD (0.48; 0.29–0.8, p = 0.004). Finally, active drinkers who remained abstinent presented better survival, independently of having AH., [Conclusions] Contrary to expected, AH patients with AVB present no worse one-year survival than other patients with different alcohol-related phenotypes or viral cirrhosis. Abstinence influences long-term survival and could explain these counterintuitive results.

Published
2023

24. Alcohol-related liver disease phenotype impacts survival after an acute variceal bleeding episode

Author

Villagrasa, Ares, Hernandez-Gea, Virginia, Bataller, Ramon, Giraldez, Alvaro, Procopet, Bogdan, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Thabut, Dominique, Ibanez-Samaniego, Luis, Albillos, Agustin, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Llop, Elba, Laleman, Wim, Palazon, J. M., Castellote, Jose, Rodrigues, Susana L., Gluud, Lise N., Ferreira, Carlos, Canete, Nuria, Rodriguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf L., Mundi, Jose, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernandez-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell'Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco G., Abraldes, Juan, Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Romero-Gomez, Manuel, Tantau, Marcel A., Guardascione, Maria, Alvarado, Edilmar, Rudler, Marika, Banares, Rafael, Martinez, Javier A., Robic, Marie, Jansen, Christian L., Calleja, Jose, Nevens, Frederik, Gluud, Lise Lotte, Bosch, Jaime, Ventura-Cots, Meritxell C., Garcia-Pagan, Juan, Genesca, Joan, Villagrasa, Ares, Hernandez-Gea, Virginia, Bataller, Ramon, Giraldez, Alvaro, Procopet, Bogdan, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Thabut, Dominique, Ibanez-Samaniego, Luis, Albillos, Agustin, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Llop, Elba, Laleman, Wim, Palazon, J. M., Castellote, Jose, Rodrigues, Susana L., Gluud, Lise N., Ferreira, Carlos, Canete, Nuria, Rodriguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf L., Mundi, Jose, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernandez-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell'Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco G., Abraldes, Juan, Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Romero-Gomez, Manuel, Tantau, Marcel A., Guardascione, Maria, Alvarado, Edilmar, Rudler, Marika, Banares, Rafael, Martinez, Javier A., Robic, Marie, Jansen, Christian L., Calleja, Jose, Nevens, Frederik, Gluud, Lise Lotte, Bosch, Jaime, Ventura-Cots, Meritxell C., Garcia-Pagan, Juan, and Genesca, Joan

Abstract

Background & AimsAlcohol-related hepatitis (AH) encompasses a high mortality. AH might be a concomitant event in patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB). The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of AH in patients with AVB and to compare the clinical outcomes of AH patients to other alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) phenotypes and viral cirrhosis. MethodsMulticentre, observational study including 916 patients with AVB falling under the next categories: AH (n = 99), ALD cirrhosis actively drinking (d-ALD) (n = 285), ALD cirrhosis abstinent from alcohol (a-ALD) (n = 227) and viral cirrhosis (n = 305). We used a Cox proportional hazards model to calculate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of death adjusted by MELD. ResultsThe prevalence of AH was 16% considering only ALD patients. AH patients exhibited more complications. Forty-two days transplant-free survival was worse among AH, but statistical differences were only observed between AH and d-ALD groups (84 vs. 93%; p = 0.005), when adjusted by MELD no differences were observed between AH and the other groups. At one-year, survival of AH patients (72.7%) was similar to the other groups; when adjusted by MELD mortality HR was better in AH compared to a-ALD (0.48; 0.29-0.8, p = 0.004). Finally, active drinkers who remained abstinent presented better survival, independently of having AH. ConclusionsContrary to expected, AH patients with AVB present no worse one-year survival than other patients with different alcohol-related phenotypes or viral cirrhosis. Abstinence influences long-term survival and could explain these counterintuitive results.

Published
2023

28. Blood metabolomics uncovers inflammation-associated mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential mechanism underlying ACLF

Author

Moreau, Richard, Clària, Joan, Aguilar, Ferran, Fenaille, François, Lozano, Juanjo, Junot, Christophe, Colsch, Benoit, Caraceni, Paolo, Trebicka, Jonel, Pavesi, Marco, Alessandria, Carlo, Nevens, Frederik, Saliba, Faouzi, Welzel, Tania M., Albillos, Agustin, Gustot, Thierry, Fernández, Javier, Moreno, Christophe, Baldasarre, Maurizio, Zaccherini, Giacomo, Piano, Salvatore, Montagnese, Sara, Vargas, Victor, Genescà, Joan, Solà, Elsa, Bernal, William, Butin, Noémie, Hautbergue, Thaïs, Cholet, Sophie, Castelli, Florence, Jansen, Christian, Steib, Christian, Campion, Daniela, Mookerjee, Raj, Rodríguez-Gandía, Miguel, Soriano, German, Durand, François, Benten, Daniel, Bañares, Rafael, Stauber, Rudolf E., Gronbaek, Henning, Coenraad, Minneke J., Ginès, Pere, Gerbes, Alexander, Jalan, Rajiv, Bernardi, Mauro, Arroyo, Vicente, Angeli, Paolo, BALDASSARRE, MAURIZIO, Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse (SPI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Moreau, Richard, Clària, Joan, Aguilar, Ferran, Fenaille, Françoi, Lozano, Juanjo, Junot, Christophe, Colsch, Benoit, Caraceni, Paolo, Trebicka, Jonel, Pavesi, Marco, Alessandria, Carlo, Nevens, Frederik, Saliba, Faouzi, Welzel, Tania M., Albillos, Agustin, Gustot, Thierry, Fernández, Javier, Moreno, Christophe, Baldasarre, Maurizio, Zaccherini, Giacomo, Piano, Salvatore, Montagnese, Sara, Vargas, Victor, Genescà, Joan, Solà, Elsa, Bernal, William, Butin, Noémie, Hautbergue, Thaï, Cholet, Sophie, Castelli, Florence, Jansen, Christian, Steib, Christian, Campion, Daniela, Mookerjee, Raj, Rodríguez-Gandía, Miguel, Soriano, German, Durand, Françoi, Benten, Daniel, Bañares, Rafael, Stauber, Rudolf E., Gronbaek, Henning, Coenraad, Minneke J., Ginès, Pere, Gerbes, Alexander, Jalan, Rajiv, Bernardi, Mauro, Arroyo, Vicente, and Angeli, Paolo

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cirrhosis, Inflammation, Systemic inflammation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Metabolome, Decompensation, Biomarkers, CANONIC study, Multiorgan failure, Small-molecules, Kidney, Hepatology, Catabolism, business.industry, Lipidomic, Organ dysfunction, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Biomarker, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Multiorgan failure, Small-molecules, Immunology, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Background & Aims: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which develops in patients with cirrhosis, is characterized by intense systemic inflammation and organ failure(s). Because systemic inflammation is energetically expensive, its metabolic costs may result in organ dysfunction/failure. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the blood metabolome in patients with cirrhosis, with and without ACLF. Methods: We performed untargeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry in serum from 650 patients with AD (acute decompensation of cirrhosis, without ACLF), 181 with ACLF, 43 with compensated cirrhosis, and 29 healthy individuals. Results: Of the 137 annotated metabolites identified, 100 were increased in patients with ACLF of any grade, relative to those with AD, and 38 comprised a distinctive blood metabolite fingerprint for ACLF. Among patients with ACLF, the intensity of the fingerprint increased across ACLF grades, and was similar in patients with kidney failure and in those without, indicating that the fingerprint reflected not only decreased kidney excretion but also altered cell metabolism. The higher the ACLF-associated fingerprint intensity, the higher the plasma levels of inflammatory markers, tumor necrosis factor alpha, soluble CD206, and soluble CD163. ACLF was characterizedbyintense proteolysis andlipolysis; aminoacid catabolism; extra-mitochondrial glucose metabolism through glycolysis, pentose phosphate, and D-glucuronate pathways; depressed mitochondrial ATP-producing fatty acid beta-oxidation; and extramitochondrial amino acid metabolism giving rise to metabotoxins. Conclusions: In ACLF, intense systemic inflammation is associated with blood metabolite accumulation and profound alterations in major metabolic pathways, in particular inhibition of mitochondrial energy production, which may contribute to the development of organ failures. Lay summary: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which develops in patients with cirrhosis, is characterized by intense systemic inflammation and organ failure(s). Because systemic inflammation is energetically expensive, its metabolic costs may result in organ dysfunction/failure. We identified a 38-metabolite blood fingerprint specific for ACLF that revealed mitochondrial dysfunction in peripheral organs. This may contribute to organ failures. (C) 2019 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2020
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29. Elective Surgery but not Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Precipitates Acute‐On‐Chronic Liver Failure

Author

Chang, Johannes, Bamarni, Avend, Böhling, Nina, Zhou, Xin, Klein, Leah‐Marie, Meinke, Jonathan, Duerr, Georg Daniel, Lingohr, Philipp, Wehner, Sven, Brol, Maximilian J., Rockstroh, Jürgen K., Kalff, Jörg C., Manekeller, Steffen, Meyer, Carsten, Spengler, Ulrich, Jansen, Christian, Arroyo, Vicente, Strassburg, Christian P., Trebicka, Jonel, and Praktiknjo, Michael

Subjects
Original Article, Original Articles, RC799-869, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology
Abstract

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome associated with organ failure and high short‐term mortality. Presence of ACLF at interventions, such as surgery or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), has been shown to determine outcome, but those interventions have also been attributed to precipitate ACLF in different studies. However, dedicated investigation for the risk of ACLF development in these interventions, especially in elective settings, has not been conducted. Patients with cirrhosis undergoing elective surgery were propensity score matched and compared to patients receiving TIPS. The primary endpoint was ACLF development within 28 days after the respective procedure. The secondary endpoint was 3‐month and 1‐year mortality. In total, 190 patients were included. Within 28 days, ACLF developed in 24% of the surgery and 3% of the TIPS cohorts, with the highest ACLF incidence between 3 and 8 days. By day 28 after the procedure, ACLF improved in the TIPS cohort. In both cohorts, patients developing ACLF within 28 days after surgery or TIPS placement showed significantly worse survival than patients without ACLF development at follow‐up. After 12 months, mortality was significantly higher in the surgery cohort compared to the TIPS cohort (40% vs. 23%, respectively; P = 0.031). Regression analysis showed a European Foundation Chronic Liver Failure Consortium acute decompensation (CLIF‐C AD) score ≥50 and surgical procedure as independent predictors of ACLF development. CLIF‐C AD score ≥50, C‐reactive protein, and ACLF development within 28 days independently predicted 1‐year mortality. Conclusion: Elective surgical interventions in patients with cirrhosis precipitate ACLF development and ultimately death, but TIPS plays a negligible role in the development of ACLF. Elective surgery in patients with CLIF‐C AD ≥50 should be avoided, while the window of opportunity would be CLIF‐C AD

Published
2021

30. Cardiac involvement in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension: MRI detects myocardial fibrosis and oedema similar to compensated cirrhosis

Author

Isaak, Alexander, primary, Chang, Johannes, additional, Mesropyan, Narine, additional, Kravchenko, Dmitrij, additional, Endler, Christoph, additional, Bischoff, Leon, additional, Böhling, Nina, additional, Pieper, Claus C, additional, Kuetting, Daniel, additional, Strassburg, Christian P, additional, Attenberger, Ulrike, additional, Jansen, Christian, additional, Praktiknjo, Michael, additional, and Luetkens, Julian A, additional

Published
2022
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33. Cardiac involvement in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension: MRI detects myocardial fibrosis and oedema similar to compensated cirrhosis.

Author

Isaak, Alexander, Chang, Johannes, Mesropyan, Narine, Kravchenko, Dmitrij, Endler, Christoph, Bischoff, Leon, Böhling, Nina, Pieper, Claus C, Kuetting, Daniel, Strassburg, Christian P, Attenberger, Ulrike, Jansen, Christian, Praktiknjo, Michael, and Luetkens, Julian A

Subjects
STATISTICS, KRUSKAL-Wallis Test, CONFIDENCE intervals, ANALYSIS of variance, CARDIOMYOPATHIES, FIBROSIS, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, CASE-control method, MANN Whitney U Test, T-test (Statistics), DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, RESEARCH funding, PORTAL hypertension, DATA analysis software, ODDS ratio, DATA analysis, EDEMA, LONGITUDINAL method, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Aims The exact role of portal hypertension in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy remains unclear, and it is uncertain whether cardiac abnormalities also occur in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH). This magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study aimed to evaluate the presence of subclinical myocardial dysfunction, oedema, and fibrosis in NCPH. Methods and results In this prospective study (2018–2022), participants underwent multiparametric abdominal and cardiac MRI including assessment of cardiac function, myocardial oedema, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and abdominal and cardiac mapping [T1 and T2 relaxation times, extracellular volume fraction (ECV)]. A total of 111 participants were included [44 participants with NCPH (48 ± 15 years; 23 women), 47 cirrhotic controls, and 20 healthy controls]. The cirrhotic group was dichotomized (Child A vs. Child B/C). NCPH participants demonstrated a more hyperdynamic circulation compared with healthy controls (cardiac index: 3.7 ± 0.6 vs. 3.2 ± 0.8 L/min/m², P = 0.004; global longitudinal strain: −27.3 ± 4.6 vs. −24.6 ± 3.5%, P = 0.022). The extent of abnormalities indicating myocardial fibrosis and oedema in NCPH was comparable with Child A cirrhosis (e.g. LGE presence: 32 vs. 33 vs. 69%, P = 0.004; combined T1 and T2 elevations: 46 vs. 27 vs. 69%, P = 0.017; NCPH vs. Child A vs. Child B/C). Correlations between splenic T1 and myocardial T1 values were found (r = 0.41; P = 0.007). Splenic T1 values were associated with the presence of LGE (odds ratio, 1.010; 95% CI: 1.002, 1.019; P = 0.013). Conclusion MRI parameters of myocardial fibrosis and oedema were altered in participants with NCPH to a similar extent as in compensated cirrhosis and were associated with splenic markers of portal hypertension, indicating specific portal hypertensive cardiomyopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. The chondrite breccia of Antonin ( L4 ‐5)—A new meteorite fall from Poland with a heterogeneous distribution of metal

Author

Bischoff, Addi, Patzek, Markus, Peters, Stefan T. M., Barrat, Jean‐alix, Di Rocco, Tommaso, Pack, Andreas, Ebert, Samuel, Jansen, Christian A., Kmieciak, Kryspin, Bischoff, Addi, Patzek, Markus, Peters, Stefan T. M., Barrat, Jean‐alix, Di Rocco, Tommaso, Pack, Andreas, Ebert, Samuel, Jansen, Christian A., and Kmieciak, Kryspin

Abstract

On July 15, 2021, a huge fireball was visible over Poland. After the possible strewn field was calculated, the first and so far only sample, with a mass of 350 g, was discovered 18 days after the fireball event. The Antonin meteorite was found August 3, 2021, on the edge of a forest close to a dirt road near Helenow, a small suburb of the city of Mikstat. The rock is an ordinary chondrite breccia and consists of equilibrated and recrystallized lithologies. The boundaries between different fragments are difficult to detect, and the lithologies are of petrologic type 5 and type 4. The rock is moderately shocked (S4) and contains local impact melt areas and thin shock veins. The low-Ca pyroxene and olivine are equilibrated (Fs20.6 and Fa24.0, respectively), typical of L chondrites. The L chondrite classification is also supported by O isotope data and the results of bulk chemical analysis. The Ti isotope characteristics confirm that Antonin is related to the noncarbonaceous (NC) meteorites. One of the studied thin sections shows an unusual metal–chondrule assemblage, perhaps indicating that the metal in the chondrite is heterogeneously distributed, which is, however, not clearly visible in the element abundances.

Published
2022
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39. Cohort study evaluating predictors of therapeutic success after sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Author

Grandt, Josephine, Chang, Johannes, Turler, Andreas, Jansen, Christian, Schierwagen, Robert, Schröder, Tatjana, Praktiknjo, Michael, Strassburg, Christian P, Spengler, Ulrich, Trebicka, Jonel, Gluud, Lise Lotte, Grandt, Josephine, Chang, Johannes, Turler, Andreas, Jansen, Christian, Schierwagen, Robert, Schröder, Tatjana, Praktiknjo, Michael, Strassburg, Christian P, Spengler, Ulrich, Trebicka, Jonel, and Gluud, Lise Lotte

Abstract

Background: Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for several patients, but some may not achieve sufficient weight loss. We therefore evaluated predictors of adequate weight loss defined as ≥50% excess weight loss (EWL). Methods: Retrospective cohort study including patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB) followed for 12 months. Results: A total of 170 patients [81.2% female, age 42 years, 19.4% type 2 diabetes (T2D), body mass index (BMI) 49.4 kg/m2] were included. Type of surgery was SG (71.2%) or RYGB (28.8%). After surgery, the median BMI decreased to 34.9 (30.0-40.5) kg/m2. The median %EWL was 57.7 (41.6-69.7). Pre-operative weight loss was not associated with %EWL (P=0.25). Patients who achieved therapeutic success had a lower baseline median BMI of 48.0 (IQR, 42.9-51.6) kg/m2 whereas those who did not had a median BMI of 52.0 (IQR, 48.0-58.5) kg/m2 and the baseline BMI was correlated with the %EWL (P<0.001). Gender, age, and surgical method did not predict therapeutic success. The baseline BMI and T2D were the only predictors in logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: A lower baseline BMI and absence of T2D predicted therapeutic success and %EWL. RYGB and SG performed equally well, but the proportion of patients with T2D was higher in RYBG what may have influenced the outcome. Additional research is needed to evaluate the findings.

Published
2022

42. Combination of Fat-Free Muscle Index and Total Spontaneous Portosystemic Shunt Area Identifies High-Risk Cirrhosis Patients

Author

Faron, Anton, primary, Abu-Omar, Jasmin, additional, Chang, Johannes, additional, Böhling, Nina, additional, Sprinkart, Alois Martin, additional, Attenberger, Ulrike, additional, Rockstroh, Jürgen K., additional, Luu, Andreas Minh, additional, Jansen, Christian, additional, Strassburg, Christian P., additional, Trebicka, Jonel, additional, Luetkens, Julian, additional, and Praktiknjo, Michael, additional

Published
2022
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47. Alcohol-related liver disease phenotype impacts survival after an acute variceal bleeding episode

Author

Villagrasa, Ares, Hernández-Gea, Virginia, Bataller, Ramon, Giráldez, Álvaro, Procopet, Bogdan, Amitrano, Lucio, Villanueva, Candid, Thabut, Dominique, Ibañez-Samaniego, Luis, Albillos, Agustin, Bureau, Christophe, Trebicka, Jonel, Llop, Elba, Laleman, Wim, Palazon, J M, Castellote, Jose, Rodrigues, Susana, Gluud, Lise L, Ferreira, Carlos N, Cañete, Nuria, Rodríguez, Manuel, Ferlitsch, Arnulf, Mundi, Jose L, Gronbaek, Henning, Hernández-Guerra, Manuel, Sassatelli, Romano, Dell'Era, Alessandra, Senzolo, Marco, Abraldes, Juan G, Zipprich, Alexander, Casas, Meritxell, Masnou, Helena, Primignani, Massimo, Krag, Aleksander, Silva-Junior, Gilberto, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Tantau, Marcel, Guardascione, Maria A, Alvarado, Edilmar, Rudler, Marika, Bañares, Rafael, Martinez, Javier, Robic, Marie A, Jansen, Christian, Calleja, Jose L, Nevens, Frederik, Bosch, Jaime, Ventura-Cots, Meritxell, García-Pagan, Juan C, and Genescà, Joan

Subjects
alcohol, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, cirrhosis, alcohol-related hepatitis, 610 Medicine & health, abstinence
Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS Alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) encompasses a high mortality. AH might be a concomitant event in patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB). The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of AH in patients with AVB and to compare the clinical outcomes of AH patients to other alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) phenotypes and viral cirrhosis. METHODS Multicentre, observational study including 916 patients with AVB falling under the next categories: AH (n = 99), ALD cirrhosis actively drinking (d-ALD) (n = 285), ALD cirrhosis abstinent from alcohol (a-ALD) (n = 227) and viral cirrhosis (n = 305). We used a Cox proportional hazards model to calculate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of death adjusted by MELD. RESULTS The prevalence of AH was 16% considering only ALD patients. AH patients exhibited more complications. Forty-two days transplant-free survival was worse among AH, but statistical differences were only observed between AH and d-ALD groups (84 vs. 93%; p = 0.005), when adjusted by MELD no differences were observed between AH and the other groups. At one-year, survival of AH patients (72.7%) was similar to the other groups; when adjusted by MELD mortality HR was better in AH compared to a-ALD (0.48; 0.29-0.8, p = 0.004). Finally, active drinkers who remained abstinent presented better survival, independently of having AH. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to expected, AH patients with AVB present no worse one-year survival than other patients with different alcohol-related phenotypes or viral cirrhosis. Abstinence influences long-term survival and could explain these counterintuitive results.

Published
2021
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49. Assessment of atherosclerotic plaque burden with an elastin-specific magnetic resonance contrast agent

Author

Makowski, Marcus R., Wiethoff, Andrea J., Blume, Ulrike, Cuello, Friederike, Warley, Alice, Jansen, Christian H.P., Nagel, Eike, Razavi, Reza, Onthank, David C., Cesati, Richard R., Marber, Michael S., Schaeffter, Tobias, Smith, Alberto, Robinson, Simon P., and Botnar, Rene M.

Subjects
Diagnosis, Usage, Research, Atherosclerotic plaque -- Diagnosis -- Research, Contrast media -- Usage -- Research, Elastin -- Research -- Usage, Magnetic resonance imaging -- Usage -- Research
Abstract

Cardiovascular imaging has been used for several decades to investigate vessel wall changes associated with atherosclerosis. Assessment of plaque burden, progression of disease and the evaluation of response to therapies [...], Atherosclerosis and its consequences remain the main cause of mortality in industrialized and developing nations. Plaque burden and progression have been shown to be independent predictors for future cardiac events by intravascular ultrasound. Routine prospective imaging is hampered by the invasive nature of intravascular ultrasound. A noninvasive technique would therefore be more suitable for screening of atherosclerosis in large populations. Here we introduce an elastin-specific magnetic resonance contrast agent (ESMA) for noninvasive quantification of plaque burden in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. The strong signal provided by ESMA allows for imaging with high spatial resolution, resulting in accurate assessment of plaque burden. Additionally, plaque characterization by quantifying intraplaque elastin content using signal intensity measurements is possible. Changes in elastin content and the high abundance of elastin during plaque development, in combination with the imaging properties of ESMA, provide potential for noninvasive assessment of plaque burden by molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Published
2011
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50. Terahertz imaging: applications and perspectives

Author

Jansen, Christian, Wietzke, Steffen, Peters, Ole, Scheller, Maik, Vieweg, Nico, Salhi, Mohammed, Krumbholz, Norman, Jordens, Christian, Hochrein, Thomas, and Koch, Martin

Subjects
Imaging systems -- Methods, Imaging systems -- Technology application, Terahertz radiation -- Research, Technology application, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, and especially THz imaging, holds large potential in the field of nondestructive, contact-free testing. The ongoing advances in the development of THz systems, as well as the appearance of the first related commercial products, indicate that large-scale market introduction of THz systems is rapidly approaching. We review selected industrial applications for THz systems, comprising inline monitoring of compounding processes, plastic weld joint inspection, birefringence analysis of fiber-reinforced components, water distribution monitoring in polymers and plants, as well as quality inspection of food products employing both continuous wave and pulsed THz systems. [c] 2010 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 110.6795, 300.6495, 120.4290, 160.5470.

Published
2010

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