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Unlike other aspects of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN) residency training, the research education curriculum and requirements are not standardized. It is unclear what constitutes core curricula in educational research programs, which components are most useful and efficacious, and how to use these findings to adapt existing programs. A multi-phase approach to (1) garner cross-sectional data from United States OBGYN Residency Program Directors and review previously published literature, (2) use Phase I and input from clinical, research and education faculty to develop a comprehensive program, and (3) evaluate the program for resident research productivity, knowledge and satisfaction. Phase I: Sixty-one (31%) Program Directors completed the survey. Most reported [less than or equal] 4 research didactics per year and no dedicated research rotation. Programs with post graduate year (PGY) level specific didactics, a research rotation, or allocated time for the Research Director role noted higher odds of resident research resulting in peer-reviewed publication. Phase II: A Resident Research Program was adapted to include a clinical and research faculty co-directorship and seven additional didactics (all of which were PGY-specific). A departmentally funded resident research grant and a repository to monitor completion of milestones and program requirements have been developed. Surveys were used to track residents' research competence and satisfaction with the research program. While resident involvement in research activities and satisfaction with opportunities for scholarly activity have improved, resident self-evaluations and mentor evaluations have not. In addition, we have not seen an increase in publications or presentations. Implementation of components of a research program associated with increased productivity did not result in increased productivity in our program, however, resident satisfaction with scholarly activity did improve.

This study was conducted to examine experiences and attitudes of midwifery student tutors during scheduled class time. Sixty-one students from 2016 to 2019, who passed the gynecology and infertility course, participated in this study as student tutors and tutees. Students' experiences were investigated with a five-point Likert-type rating scale questionnaire including 17 items in six domains. The average score, frequency, and percentage of positive and negative attitude were calculated in each domain. All participants were female with an average age of 26.3 years. Average student experiences were favorable, and their attitudes towards peer teaching were overwhelmingly positive in all domains. Class-time peer tutoring programs where students change their roles as teacher and student may be regarded as an alternative to traditional peer tutoring programs.

Contemporary design education seeks to prepare students for the workplace through studiobased learning that replicates real world practice. Design problems in the workplace have become increasingly complex and one example of this is within the area of design for healthcare, which requires multidisciplinary collaboration between various stakeholders to build knowledge in order to create new products, services systems and spaces. The complexity of these roles creates challenges for design educators in preparing students for the workplace. This paper presents a hybrid approach to address this challenge by presenting a real-world approach to design education. This entails a bottom-up approach to facilitate design research in a clinical setting to gather rich insights and needs of the clinical setting along with a top-down industry collaboration with sponsored briefs to guide students through the requirements of developing solutions in a heavily regulated field. The paper outlines examples of this process and how it was achieved in a blended model that was predominantly online in response to the changed environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The advantages of this model are threefold, students gain deep knowledge and skills through collaborating with a variety of stakeholders within health care, they gain the opportunity to validate their designs through testing and feedback with these partners and lastly students develop the connections to create opportunities for further partnerships and employment.

Mastering clinical practice is one of the hardest tasks of nursing school. It is necessary to combine professional theoretical courses with clinical nursing practice in order to qualify competent and qualified nurses. The connection between the theoretical training and clinical nursing practice, however, has not been the subject of any research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to ascertain the connection between obstetrics and gynecology theoretical courses and obstetrics and gynecology clinical practice. To assess theoretical and Clinical Practice Correlations of Comprehensive nursing students' performance in an Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Course at Woldia University, Ethiopia. A retrospective cross-sectional study employing a quantitative data collection method was carried out. The data was obtained using a data extraction checklist between September 01/2022 and September 20/2022. A total of 252 people were involved in the study, including 136 regular nursing students, 93 summer nursing students, and 23 post-basic students. Data was gathered by three nursing department academic staff members. EPI data was used to enter the obtained data, which was then exported to SPSS version 22 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed, and the Spearman's rho correlation (rs) and coefficient of determination (coef) were declared significant at a p-value of 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 252 study participants comprised 174 (69.1%) male and 74 (30.9%) female nursing students included in the current study. Clinical success in obstetrics and gynecology was strongly and favorably correlated with academic success in obstetrics and gynecology theoretical courses (rs = 0.7-0.89), p < 0.05. Moreover, linear regression results revealed 37.45% to coefficient determination for regular students, 38.2% to 47.3% for summer nursing students and 18.1% to 33% post-basic nursing students. To sum up, a significant positive association existed between students' achievements in theoretical and clinical practice of obstetrics and gynecology nursing courses. Improving students' academic performance in obstetrics and gynecology can also enhance their performance in clinical obstetrics and gynecology. However, the variance in performance in obstetrics and gynecology clinical practice was explained by academic achievement in obstetrics and gynecology theoretical courses by 22.35%.

The perineal body is located where four muscles (the superficial anal sphincter, the bulbospongiosus and both superficial transverse perineal muscles) have a common insertion at a nondescript point between the vagina or penile bulb and the anus. Health professions students have difficulty identifying its location and do not have a full appreciation of its function. Clinically, it provides support for the pelvic organs, especially in women. To help clarify the function of the perineal body, a demonstration can be performed which uses three student volunteers and a faculty member. By using one of their hands to represent the perineal muscles, a "perineal body" can be formed. As each person pulls in their respective direction, tension on the "perineal body" is formed; illustrating the concept that the perineal body provides pelvic organ support. During the demonstration, the faculty member discusses the clinical importance of the perineal body. The whole high yield demonstration takes less than two minutes to complete.

Sexuality is an important part of normal human functioning. Gynecological cancer diagnosis and treatment has devastating effect on Sexual issues. Study aim was to investigate Oncology Nurses knowledge and attitudes in Relation to Provision of Sexual Health Care to Women Diagnosed with Gynecological Cancer. The study setting was conducted at oncology center, at Mansoura University Hospitals after obtaining hospital director approval. A Subject was consisted of 72 nurses who worked in gynecological oncology department. Tools: four tools were used by the researchers to collect pertinent data consisted of 1st The Self Administered Structured Schedule, 2nd tool, Sexual Health Care Scale-Attitude, 3rd tool, Facilitators about Sexuality Issue Discussion in nursing practice and 4th tool, Barriers about Sexuality Issue Discussion in Nursing Practice. Results revealed that 100% of nurses were having poor knowledge score regarding sexual health care with mean score 7.3 ±2.5. There was statistically significant relation between knowledge score and discomfort in providing sexual health care and Afraid of college's negative response (P< 0.05). While there were no statistical significant relation between knowledge score and Feeling uncertain about patient's acceptance and Lack of environmental support (P> 0.05). Majority of nurses reported that limited resources, patient embarrassment, staff shortages, patients having more things to be concerned about than having sex, inadequate education preparation, are the most important barriers to provide health sexual education. Provisions of relevant training, availability of private environment, having good nurse patient relationship, good communication are factors which facilitate provision of sexual health care. Conclusion oncology nurses have poor knowledge score and decrease feeling of discomfort domain was the most representative nurses attitude in provision of sexual health care, there are many of issues act as barriers and facilitators affecting nurses for providing sexual health care. Recommendations It is important to put sexual health education into the curriculum of nursing, in order to assess the sexual health of patients within the health care system, continuing education activities and availability of education materials could assist nurses to adequately address sexual concerns while caring for patients with cancer and More research is needed on training of the nurses to overcome the barriers and guidelines or procedures in place for dealing with sexuality-related issues with patients.

Independent academic medical centers (IAMC) are challenged to develop and support a research enterprise and maintain primary goals of healthcare delivery and financial solvency. Strategies for promoting translational research have been shown to be effective at institutions in the top level of federal funding, but not for smaller IAMCs. The research program developed at Maricopa Integrated Health System (MIHS), an IAMC, focused on identifying research enterprise drivers which have an impact on core missions for MIHS and encompassed three domains: (1) Commercial ventures; (2) Clinical practice; and (3) Civic and Community relationships. Specific mechanisms were implemented to promote research, which had an impact on each enterprise driver. Case examples in 2 clinical arenas are described in detail, Pediatrics and Obstetrics/Gynecology, to demonstrate how the strategies were applied to increase translational research and influence the research enterprise drivers. These strategies included: reducing barriers within MIHS and with partner institutions, increasing revenue generated from grants and contracts, providing grant development support, and developing sustainable collaborations with partner institutions. The value in identifying and utilizing external resources is reciprocal as ongoing research collaborations have resulted in more contract and grant awards for both MIHS and partner institutions. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)

Collaboration is essential to manage complex real world problems. We used phenomenologic methods to elaborate a description of collaboration between two departments at an academic medical center who considered their relationship to represent a model of effective collaboration. Key collaborative structures included a shared vision and commitment by leaders, rigorous quality improvement, clear delineation of roles with built-in flexibility, ongoing commitment to formal and informal communication channels and conflict resolution, relationship development grounded in respect and responsiveness, and shared training in a supportive learning environment with legitimate participation fostering skill development. This study reveals the complexity and resources required for collaboration which both explains why collaboration is not as easy to achieve and identifies processes that foster collaboration. (Contains 1 table.)

Reflective practice has become a core component in higher education studies. In the health sciences, reflective tasks are required throughout the undergraduate programmes, yet many students struggle to find value in these tasks for their present and future professional practice. Benefits that can be derived from the process are undermined by this lack of motivation for reflective engagement. Concern around the static, contained, individualist nature of reflections that often face judgement through assessment can be addressed by opening up the process to generate new potentials. In this paper, I draw on new materialism and the Baradian (2007) philosophy of diffraction to move beyond the reflective practices of representation and sameness by affirmatively working with/through differences. I refer to data collected in an ethics approved research study at the University of Cape Town (UCT), South Africa, to explain a context of unjust practices in which students learn. I demonstrate how students' reflective texts shared online on the Google Drive platform can be productive and transformative material forces that enact new knowledge, valued by students. The apparatus of text-students-events is put to work creating new possibilities to enable a socially just pedagogy in medical education.

In Zambezia province, Mozambique, cervical cancer (CC) screening was introduced to rural communities in 2010. Our study sought to determine whether women would accept screening via pelvic examination and visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) at two clinical sites near the onset of a new CC screening program. A cross-sectional descriptive study of 101 women was undertaken in two rural communities in north-central Mozambique. We assessed a woman's willingness to be screened, knowledge about CC symptoms and treatment, and her recommendations for best methods to deliver information to other women. After the interview, we offered CC screening. Fully 86% of women accepted VIA screening when it was offered, but uptake was 100% at one clinic and only 68% at another. The cause of CC was thought to be associated with promiscuous activity (49%) and curses placed on the woman (42%). All women in one rural Mozambique clinic and two-thirds at a second clinic underwent CC screening. Knowledge about CC screening was significantly associated with uptake, suggesting educational campaigns need to be undertaken. However, educators need to be cautious about linking screening with high-risk behaviors, as women who understood the link trended toward refusing screening.

After struggling as a surgical specialty, obstetrics and gynecology initiated its "women's physician" program in the 1970s. This program officially defined the mostly male obstetricians and gynecologists at that time as women's primary care physicians. Using archival data, this article explains this development as a response to the specialty's dishonored position within the medical division of labor. Whatever else it was intended to be, the women's physician program, in its most developed form, aimed to galvanize the various interests within obstetrics and gynecology behind a strategy to restructure the medical division of labor serving women so that obstetricians and gynecologists controlled both the upstream positions responsible for their own case referrals and the downstream positions to which they referred their difficult cases. The article illustrates the importance of integrating insights from both macro-institutional and intra-occupational explanatory frameworks in accounting for significant developments in medicine. (Contains 1 figure and 7 notes.)

Chlamydia's role in female infertility is discussed. The relationship of this organism to other diseases such as leprosy and tuberculosis is explained. Conditions caused by Chlamydia such as Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) are described. (KR)

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic surgery requires significant training, and prior studies have shown that surgical residents lack key laparoscopic skills. Many educators have implemented simulation curricula to improve laparoscopic training. Given limited time for dedicated, in-person simulation center practice, at-home training has emerged as a possible mechanism by which to expand training and promote practice. There remains a gap in published at-home laparoscopic curricula employing embedded feedback mechanisms. METHODS: We developed a nine-task at-home laparoscopic curriculum and an end-of-curriculum assessment following Kerns six-step approach. We implemented the curriculum over 4 months with first- to third-year residents. RESULTS: Of 47 invited residents from general surgery, obstetrics/gynecology, and urology, 37 (79%) participated in the at-home curriculum, and 25 (53%) participated in the end-of-curriculum assessment. Residents who participated in the at-home curriculum completed a median of six of nine tasks (interquartile range: 3-8). Twenty-two residents (47%) responded to a postcurriculum survey. Of these, 19 (86%) reported that their laparoscopic skills improved through completion of the curriculum, and the same 19 (86%) felt that the curriculum should be continued for future residents. Residents who completed more at-home curriculum tasks scored higher on the end-of-curriculum assessment (p = .009 with adjusted R 2 of .28) and performed assessment tasks in less time (p = .004 with adjusted R 2 of .28). DISCUSSION: This learner-centered laparoscopic curriculum provides guiding examples, spaced practice, feedback, and graduated skill development to enable junior residents to improve their laparoscopic skills in a low-stakes, at-home environment.

BackgroundDuring the COVID pandemic, residency program's social media presence increased to aid in residency recruitment by attempting to increase engagement and readily available information for applicants across specialties. However, little information exists on what characteristics and content on obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) residency program accounts attract more followers or engagement.ObjectivesTo identify social media trends in OBGYN residencies and determine which aspects of programs influence the number of followers and interaction with content posted.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of ACGME accredited OBGYN programs and determined their presence on Instagram and X in the fall of 2021. Content from the thirty programs with the most followers was analyzed independently by two authors. Multivariate analysis and a linear mixed model were used to characterize and evaluate content on Instagram and X.ResultsMost programs utilized Instagram (88.5%, N = 262/296) and were managed solely by residents (84.4%, N = 108/128). Number of followers on Instagram positively correlated with features such as program size, Instagram profile duration, and Doximity rankings (p < 0.0x01). Programs on X had more followers if their profile had a longer duration, followed more individuals, or were ranked higher on Doximity. The most posted Instagram content was biographical and social in nature. Instagram posts with the highest engagement were awards and/or the Match.ConclusionsUnderstanding what social media content attracts more followers and increases engagement is crucial as it likely impacts OBGYN resident recruitment. Professional groups should establish guidelines for social media use in recruitment for the protection of both residents and applicants.

Background: Medical malpractice is a significant global issue affecting various aspects of healthcare, including ethical, legal, and managerial perspectives. Defensive medicine, where physicians engage in excessive practices to avoid malpractice lawsuits, is prevalent. In Turkey, the impact of malpractice fears on obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYNs) has not been extensively studied. This study aims to investigate the frequency of medical malpractice lawsuits, defensive medicine practices, the prevalence of medical malpractice stress syndrome (MMSS), and potential preventive measures among OB/GYNs in Turkey. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 212 OB/GYNs in Turkey, following ethical approval. Participants completed a questionnaire on their experiences with malpractice, defensive practices, and MMSS. The survey included sociodemographic questions, standardized scales for defensive medicine practices, and MMSS‐related questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 with a 95% confidence level. Results: The majority of participants were experienced professionals aged 30–39, predominantly female, and working in the public sector with limited subspecialty training. Defensive medicine was widespread, with 95.5% of participants engaging in such practices, and 79.2% reported altering their practice due to malpractice fears. Older age, female gender, extensive experience, private sector employment, and specific subspecialties were associated with higher defensive practices and MMSS. Conclusion: Defensive medicine is common among Turkish OB/GYNs, driven by malpractice fears. The study highlights the need for improved support systems, better legal protections, and educational interventions to address defensive practices and reduce malpractice‐related stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester. Using an untargeted metabolomic approach, we sought to identify putative plasma biomarkers using tandem liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for the detection of tubal EP. This case-control study included the prospective recruitment of 50 tubal EP cases and 50 early intrauterine pregnancy controls. To avoid over-fitting, logistic regression models were developed in a randomly selected discovery group (30 cases vs. 30 controls) and validated in the test group (20 cases vs. 20 controls). In total, 585 mass spectral features were detected, of which 221 molecular features were significantly altered in EP plasma (p < 0.05). Molecular networking and metabolite identification was employed using the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) database, which identified 97 metabolites at a high confidence level. Top significant metabolites include subclasses of sphingolipids, carnitines, glycerophosphocholines, and tryptophan metabolism. The top regression model, consisting of D-erythro-sphingosine and oleoyl-carnitine, was validated in a test group and achieved an area under receiving operating curve (AUC) (95% CI) = 0.962 (0.910–1) with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 95.9%. Metabolite alterations indicate alterations related to inflammation and abnormal placentation in EP. The validation of these metabolite biomarkers in the future could potentially result in improved early diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Established in 2002, the Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group (KGOG) has presented improved clinical outcomes based on multi-center clinical trials. To date, KGOG has approved 156 studies and published 68 KGOG-led studies. The organization aims to advance gynecologic cancer research through sustained efforts and international collaboration. The Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group (KGOG) was established in 2002 and is the only organization in Korea conducting multi-center clinical trials for gynecologic cancers. Since its re-establishment as a non-profit organization in 2021, KGOG has grown significantly, now including 207 gynecologic oncology specialists from 76 hospitals. This growth is a testament to the dedication and hard work of all those involved in the organization. KGOG is committed to maximizing the activation of multi-center clinical research through policies that support patients with rare diseases and gynecologic cancer research, focusing on strengthening institutional capacity, equalizing participation opportunities, and enhancing information sharing. A significant milestone for KGOG was becoming a member of the US Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) in 2005, allowing participation in GOG clinical trials. KGOG later joined the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) and strengthened its capabilities by hosting the first Endometrial Cancer Consensus Conference—Clinical Research (ECCC-CR) in 2023. KGOG holds biannual meetings and symposia, as well as 224 operating committee meetings annually to review the discussions of the Tumor Site Committee. KGOG has conducted 156 investigator-initiated trial (IIT) or sponsor-initiated trial (SIT) studies as KGOG-led or participated in research. Currently, 18 studies are registered, and 10 are in preparation. To date, 68 papers have been published. KGOG conducts six national projects and collaborates with external organizations such as the NRG Oncology Foundation, Gynecologic Oncology Group Partners (GOG-P), GCIG, East Asian Gynecologic Oncology Trial group (EAGOT), and the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (JGOG). Through collaboration with renowned international research institutions, KGOG has significantly expanded the scope of its research, achieving noteworthy clinical outcomes. This report not only introduces the history and recent status of KGOG but also presents the exciting future direction of the organization, filled with potential breakthroughs and advancements in gynecologic oncology research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The emergence of handheld ultrasound devices capable of connecting to cell phones or tablets heralds a significant advancement in medical technology, particularly within the field of obstetrics. These devices offer the promise of immediate bedside ultrasound examinations, potentially revolutionizing patient care by enabling fetal assessments in diverse settings. Material and Methods: This prospective study aimed to validate the reliability of non‐piezo, chip‐based handheld ultrasound devices in clinical obstetric practice. Conducted in a university hospital obstetric ward, the study included 100 pregnant women between 17 and 41 weeks of gestation. Participants underwent ultrasound examinations using both conventional and portable point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) devices to compare the accuracy in estimating fetal weight and other parameters, such as cardiac activity, fetal presentation, placental location, and amniotic fluid volume. The reliability and agreement between the devices were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland–Altman plots, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The results show a near‐perfect agreement (0.98) and correlation (r = 0.98, p < 0.001) for estimated fetal weight and most biometry measurements between the two types of ultrasound devices, with slight deviations in head circumference and amniotic fluid index measurements. Subgroup analysis revealed variations in agreement and correlation rates with higher BMI and advanced gestational age, indicating areas for further refinement. Conclusions: These findings affirm the high reliability of handheld ultrasound devices for basic obstetric ultrasound evaluations, supporting their integration into daily clinical practice. This technology improves the flexibility and immediacy of prenatal care, although further research is needed to optimize its application across patient populations and treatment settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The onset of menopause leads to diminished estrogen exposure, resulting in a high morbidity burden related to menopausal symptoms. Menopausal hormonal therapy is an effective therapy that offers more advantages than disadvantages for women aged less than 60 years or who have had menopause for less than 10 years. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of menopausal symptoms, identify factors associated with menopausal symptoms, and assess the use of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 40–60 who visited the gynecological clinics of three hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2022 at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Tikur Anbessa Hospital, and Zewditu Memorial Hospital on 296 middle-aged women. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed for sociodemographic factors, utilization of menopausal hormone therapy, and prevalence of menopausal symptoms using the menopause rating scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of each subscale of menopausal symptoms. The strength of the association was measured using odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, and statistical significance was set at a value of P < 0.05. Result: The prevalence of menopausal symptoms was 89.9%. According to the menopausal rating scale, the frequency of reported symptoms was hot flushes (54.7%), muscle and joint pain (32.1%) on the somatic subscale; physical and mental exhaustion (55.1%), irritability (48.6%) on psychological subscale; and sexual problems (41.3%), bladder problems (39.2%) on urogenital subscale. This study also showed that the age of women [aOR: 0.317, 95%CI (0.102, 0.990)], and monthly family income [aOR = 0.182, 95% CI (0.041, 0.912)] were significantly associated with somatic menopausal symptoms. There was no utilization of menopausal hormonal therapy to treat menopausal symptoms and to prevent complications. Conclusion: The prevalence of menopausal symptoms is high; however, the utilization of individualized administration of menopausal hormone therapy according to symptoms is negligible. It appears essential for these institutions to work on service availability and delivery of menopausal hormone therapy for those in need of wider benefits for their clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Retaining midwives and registered nurses in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department/unit (OB/GYN) is not just a matter of organizational effectiveness and financial wellness. It's a crucial aspect of ensuring quality healthcare delivery. This study aimed to discuss the degree to which midwives and nurses in OB/GYN departments are structurally empowered, resilient, and committed to remaining at the organizations and to examine whether nurses' and midwives'sense of structural empowerment and resilience is a good predictor of their decision to stay with the organization. Methods: This study employed a unique convergent parallel mixed methods approach. The research was conducted in two distinct phases. The first phase involved a cross-sectional quantitative survey with a convenience sample of 200 midwives and nurses in OB/GYN departments. The second phase was a qualitative study utilizing semi-structured, open-ended interviews. Eighteen nurses and midwives, specifically chosen as the target population, were invited to participate in individual interviews. The data collection took place at three major hospitals in Saudi Arabia, starting in January 2023 and concluding in February 2023. Results: The study results revealed that structural empowerment and resilience were statistically significant predictors of the intent to stay in the organization (F = 35.216, p < 0.001), with 26.3% variation, the structural empowerment is higher predictor (β = 0.486, p < 0.000) to intent to stay if compared to resilience (β = 0.215, p < 0.008). Five major themes emerged from the narratives of the nurses and midwives: the nurturing of the physical and physiological, the development of the psychological, the managing finances, the restructuring of the organization, and the enrichment of the professional and occupational. Conclusion: The study's findings have significant implications for healthcare organizations. They highlight the importance of cultivating a culture of empowerment and resilience, which can serve as a powerful tool to encourage registered nurses and midwives to remain in their organizations. This insight empowers healthcare administrators, human resource managers, and obstetrics and gynecology professionals to take proactive steps toward improving retention rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During gynecological laparoscopic surgery, pneumoperitoneum and the Trendelenburg position (TP) can lead to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it remains unclear whether perioperative fluid therapy impacts ICP. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the impact of restrictive fluid (RF) therapy versus conventional fluid (CF) therapy on ICP in gynecological laparoscopic surgery patients by measuring the ratio of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) to the eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) using ultrasound. Methods: Sixty-four patients who were scheduled for laparoscopic gynecological surgery were randomly assigned to the CF group or the RF group. The main outcomes were differences in the ONSD/ETD ratios between the groups at predetermined time points. The secondary outcomes were intraoperative circulatory parameters (including mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and urine volume changes) and postoperative recovery indicators (including extubation time, length of post-anaesthesia care unit stay, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the ONSD/ETD ratio and the ONSD over time between the two groups (all p > 0.05). From T2 to T4, the ONSD/ETD ratio and the ONSD in both groups were higher than T1 (all p < 0.001). From T1 to T2, the ONSD/ETD ratio in both groups increased by 14.3%. However, the extubation time in the RF group was shorter than in the CF group [median difference (95% CI) -11(-21 to -2) min, p = 0.027]. There were no differences in the other secondary outcomes. Conclusion: In patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery, RF did not significantly lower the ONSD/ETD ratio but did shorten the tracheal extubation time, when compared to CF. Trial registration: ChiCTR2300079284. Registered on December 29, 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasound (IOLUS), a dynamic imaging technique, has emerged as a valuable instrument for guiding surgery in various medical specialties. As IOLUS provides accuracy, improved visualization, and real-time guidance, the integration of IOLUS into many surgical procedures has occurred and IOLUS assists surgeons during advanced procedures. Today, laparoscopic myomectomy has become a prominent surgical procedure in gynecology. Despite its benefits, laparoscopic myomectomy presents certain challenges. The risk of residual fibroids is higher in laparoscopic myomectomy compared to abdominal surgery. The limited depth perception and restricted range of motion can also be obstacles for surgeons, especially when dealing with deeply embedded fibroids. IOLUS has the potential to overcome these limitations. In this study, our aim was to conduct a review of the literature concerning the use of IOLUS during laparoscopic myomectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection among women and children in southwest China. Methods: A total of 8,934 specimens, including urogenital swabs and throat swabs were analyzed in this study. All samples were tested using RNA-based Simultaneous Amplification and Testing (SAT) methods. Culture and drug susceptibility tests were performed on UU positive patients. Results: Among the 8,934 patients, the overall positive rate for UU was 47.92%, with a higher prevalence observed among women of reproductive age and neonates. The majority of UU positive outpatients were women of reproductive age (88.03%), while the majority of UU positive inpatients were neonates (93.99%). Overall, hospitalization rates due to UU infection were significantly higher in neonates than in women. Further analysis among neonatal inpatients revealed a higher incidence of preterm birth and low birth weight in UU positive inpatients (52.75% and 3.65%, respectively) than in UU negative inpatients (44.64% and 2.89%, respectively), especially in very preterm and extremely preterm neonates. Moreover, the incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) among hospitalized neonatal patients was significantly higher in the UU positive group (6.89%) than in the UU negative group (4.18%). The drug susceptibility tests of UU in the neonatology, gynecology and obstetrics departments exhibited consistent sensitivity patterns to antibiotics, with high sensitivity to tetracyclines and macrolides, and low sensitivity to fluoroquinolones. Notably, UU samples collected from the neonatology department exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to azithromycin and erythromycin (93.8% and 92.9%, respectively) than those collected from the gynecology and obstetrics departments. Conclusions: This study enhances our understanding of the current epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of UU infection among women and children in southwest China. These findings can aid in the development of more effective intervention, prevention and treatment strategies for UU infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic in the past few years led to major adjustments in the provision of healthcare. This study aimed to investigate trainees' perception of impact of the pandemic on specialty training in Obstetrics & Gynaecology (O&G) in Hong Kong. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was performed on all the O&G trainees and the young fellows of the Hong Kong College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (HKCOG). The questionnaires included 5 parts: demographic data, impact on clinical activities, redeployment, educational activities and career progression. Results: A total of 104 questionnaires (92.9%) were received for final analysis. The majority of the participants had reductions in elective and emergency operations, as well as exposure to in-patient admissions and out-patient clinics in both obstetrics and gynaecology. The reduction was most significant in elective gynaecology operations. One-third (34.6%) of the participants had been redeployed to other departments, and educational activities were reduced during the pandemic. Around 58% of the trainees were concerned with the reduction in clinical exposure, and 78% worried they would not be able to log sufficient number of surgical procedures. Basic trainees were significantly more worried than higher trainees. Around half of the trainees had doubts or regrets about choosing to undergo O&G specialty training. Conclusion: The O&G trainees in Hong Kong perceived that the COVID-19 pandemic had significant negative impacts on their training. Many trainees were worried they would not be able to attain the required level of competence when they complete their specialist training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Neurological disorders in pregnancy pose a major diagnostic challenge as they are a significant contributor to mortality and morbidity in pregnancy. Neurological complications may manifest at any time during pregnancy or puerperium even after what seemed to be a normal pregnancy. A thorough understanding of the patterns of these diseases is essential for prediction and early identification. Aim: To study the aetiology, clinical profile, morbidity and mortality patterns of acute neurological emergencies in postpartum women. Materials and Methods: This hospital- based descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Government Vellore Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India between February 2021 and August 2022. A total of 76 postnatal mothers who met the inclusion criteria were selected using consecutive sampling. Details pertaining to personal, demographic, antenatal risk factors, labour/delivery and postnatal events were recorded using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0, with the data expressed as frequency and proportion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Modern management of preeclampsia can be optimized by tailoring the targeted treatment of hypertension to an individual's hemodynamic profile. Growing evidence suggests different phenotypes of preeclampsia, including those with a hyperdynamic profile and those complicated by uteroplacental insufficiency. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is believed to be a result of uteroplacental insufficiency. There is a paucity of research examining the characteristics of patients with severe preeclampsia who do and who do not develop FGR. We aimed to elucidate which hemodynamic parameters differed between these two groups. Methods: All patients admitted to a single referral center with severe preeclampsia were identified. Patients were included if they had a live birth at 23 weeks of gestation or higher. Multiple gestations and pregnancies complicated by fetal congenital anomalies and/or HELLP syndrome were excluded. FGR was defined as a sonographic estimation of fetal weight (EFW) < 10th percentile or abdominal circumference (AC) < 10th percentile. Results: There were 76% significantly lower odds of overall pulse pressure upon admission for those with severe preeclampsia comorbid with FGR (aOR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.07–0.83). Advanced gestational age on admission was associated with lower odds of severely abnormal labs and severely elevated diastolic blood pressure in preeclampsia also complicated by FGR. Conclusions: Subtypes of preeclampsia with and without FGR may be hemodynamically evaluated by assessing pulse pressure on admission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This 10-year retrospective cohort study at a single-center clinic in Germany aimed to analyze the outcomes of endometrial cancer patients and explore the impact of lymphovascular invasion (LV) on patient outcomes and disease-free survival (DFS). Identifying correlations among demographic data, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes could enhance patient management and improve survival rates. The study encompassed patients diagnosed and treated for endometrial cancer from January 2010 to December 2020. Clinical and pathological data were extracted from medical records for 311 patients, focusing on variables such as age, histological type, tumor grade, type of surgical treatment, and adjuvant therapies. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan–Meier method and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models to identify factors independently associated with survival. The study demonstrated that lymphovascular invasion significantly impacted survival outcomes on Kaplan–Meier analysis (log-rank p-value = 0.0058). Patients with LV showed a marked decrease in DFS compared to those without LV invasion, with a median DFS of 3.2 years and a hazard ratio of 2.18 (95% CI: 1.56–3.04, p < 0.001). Furthermore, high-grade tumors and p53 positivity were strongly associated with reduced DFS, with hazard ratios of 1.93 (p = 0.001) and 2.11 (p < 0.001), respectively. Patients with distant metastasis exhibited the most significant decline in survival, with a hazard ratio of 5.56 (95% CI: 2.45–10.18, p < 0.001). Despite comprehensive surgical and adjuvant therapies, these high-risk factors dictated poorer outcomes. The presence of lymphovascular invasion, high-grade tumors, and genetic markers like MSI and p53 are pivotal in predicting the course of endometrial cancer. This study underscores the necessity for aggressive management strategies in patients exhibiting these high-risk features to potentially improve prognosis and survival outcomes. The findings advocate for enhanced therapeutic strategies tailored to the biological behavior of the tumor, thereby aiming to elevate the overall survival rates for women diagnosed with endometrial cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preoperative sonographic staging in patients with suspected parametrial endometriosis is essential to plan surgical intervention and anticipate the need for a multidisciplinary approach, and thus optimize surgical outcome. The results of a recent meta‐analysis suggest that there is a need to define more accurately the ultrasonographic criteria for parametrial involvement in endometriosis. This addendum to the International Deep Endometriosis Analysis (IDEA) consensus highlights the sonographic characteristics of the parametrium and identifies ultrasound techniques to diagnose deep endometriosis in this area. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and quality of videos on YouTube about labiaplasty procedures. Material and Methods: A search was carried out on YouTube using the search terms 'labiaplasty' and 'labia minora reduction'. The first 100 videos for each keyword were evaluated and 42 videos were analyzed. The distribution of video types was examined. The videos were scored by a five-member committee using the global quality scale (GQS) and modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) scales. Videos uploaded by physicians and academicians were classified as professional, and patients, commercial entities, and allied health personnel were classified as non-professional groups. Results: The mean mDISCERN score of all videos was 2.29±0.65, while the mean GQS score was 2.75±0.67. When professional and non-professional groups were compared, the mDISCERN and GQS scores were significantly higher in the professional group (p=0.017 and p=0.010, respectively). When surgical technique videos and videos providing information about the disease or surgery were compared, there was a significant difference in video power index (VPI), viewing rate, and number of comments (p=0.001, p=0.001, and p=0.003, respectively), while there was no significant difference in terms of mDISCERN and GQS scores. Weak negative correlations were observed between the mDISCERN score and VPI (rs=-0.326, p=0.037), between the GQS score and viewing rate (rs=-0.392, p=0.010), and between the GQS score and VPI (rs=-0.382, p=0.014). Conclusion: YouTube is not a reliable source of information about labiaplasty. Low-quality videos receive more engagement. Obstetrics and gynecology associations should produce content on YouTube about this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Importance: We compile and analyze ancient literature related to Baihui (GV20) moxibustion and summarize the development of its ancient clinical application. Observations: The Chinese Medical Classic (5th edition) was used as the search source to screen and organize articles related to Baihui moxibustion to establish a database. We created indexing norms according to study characteristics and indexed books, dynasties, literary styles, disease key words, matching acupoints, combinations, moxibustion amounts, and moxa cone sizes. SPSS version 24.0 software was used to calculate the index results. A total of 320 articles that met the requirements were finally included and were attributed to 99 ancient books, spanning from the Western Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. A total of 45 keywords were used for disease evidence: the most frequent occurrences were internal medicine (primary category), limb meridians (secondary category), and head diseases (specific patterns). Conclusions and Relevance: Baihui moxibustion has been updated and developed in the literature over the ages, and the method of Baihui moxibustion is diverse. The main treatment rule of Baihui moxibustion considers the whole body and close treatment of partial diseases. Baihui moxibustion also has the rule of following meridian indications, with treatment based on syndrome differentiation and compatible application. Baihui moxibustion alone has a relatively strong effect of raising yang and lifting the sunken, which can treat the sinking of qi and deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Inguinal lymph node dissection plays an important role in the management of melanoma, penile and vulval cancer. Inguinal lymph node dissection is associated with various intraoperative and postoperative complications with significant heterogeneity in classification and reporting. This lack of standardization challenges efforts to study and report inguinal lymph node dissection outcomes. The aim of this study was to devise a system to standardize the classification and reporting of inguinal lymph node dissection perioperative complications by creating a worldwide collaborative, the complications and adverse events in lymphadenectomy of the inguinal area (CALI) group. Methods A modified 3-round Delphi consensus approach surveyed a worldwide group of experts in inguinal lymph node dissection for melanoma, penile and vulval cancer. The group of experts included general surgeons, urologists and oncologists (gynaecological and surgical). The survey assessed expert agreement on inguinal lymph node dissection perioperative complications. Panel interrater agreement and consistency were assessed as the overall percentage agreement and Cronbach's α. Results Forty-seven experienced consultants were enrolled: 26 (55.3%) urologists, 11 (23.4%) surgical oncologists, 6 (12.8%) general surgeons and 4 (8.5%) gynaecology oncologists. Based on their expertise, 31 (66%), 10 (21.3%) and 22 (46.8%) of the participants treat penile cancer, vulval cancer and melanoma using inguinal lymph node dissection respectively; 89.4% (42 of 47) agreed with the definitions and inclusion as part of the inguinal lymph node dissection intraoperative complication group, while 93.6% (44 of 47) agreed that postoperative complications should be subclassified into five macrocategories. Unanimous agreement (100%, 37 of 37) was achieved with the final standardized classification system for reporting inguinal lymph node dissection complications in melanoma, vulval cancer and penile cancer. Conclusion The complications and adverse events in lymphadenectomy of the inguinal area classification system has been developed as a tool to standardize the assessment and reporting of complications during inguinal lymph node dissection for the treatment of melanoma, vulval and penile cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technology that simulates human brain data processing, its intellectual behavior and critical thinking. Sophisticated AI models can potentially improve patient management by speeding up processes and increasing their accuracy and efficiency at a lower cost of human resources. Compared to other specialties, use of AI in gynecology remains in its infancy. It is important to understand that the available methods for clinical imaging have certain limitations, namely clinician's workload and data variably interpreted by different doctors. AI, in turn, has the potential to overcome these limitations while increasing diagnostic accuracy.Aim: to structure and analyze current published data on AI use in gynecology.Materials and Methods. A search for primary sources was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed, eLibrary and Google Scholar. The search queries included the following keywords "artificial intelligence", "gynecology", "endometrial cancer", "endometriosis", "ovarian cancer", "diagnostics", "oncogynecology" retrieved from February 2014 to February 2024. Articles were assessed according to PRISMA guidelines. After identification, before the screening stage, duplicates were excluded. At the screening stage, the titles and annotations of the identified articles were analyzed for eligibility to the review topic as well as for available full-text versions; abstracts and letters to the editorial board in scientific journals were excluded at this stage. 685 full-text articles were evaluated for eligibility, the inclusion criteria were as follows: publication in Russian or English; the study describes use of AI technologies in diagnostics or treatment of gynecological diseases. All disagreements between authors were resolved by consensus. Ultimately, 80 primary sources were included in this review.Results. AI-based systems have succeeded in image analyzing and interpreting and over the past decade have become powerful tools that have revolutionized the field of gynecological imaging. In the studies analyzed, AI was able to provide faster and more accurate forecasts and diagnostics, increasing the overall effectiveness of gynecological care. It is important to note that AI cannot fully replace doctors, but it can perfectly integrate into clinical practice, helping in the decision-making process and reducing errors in differential diagnosis and variability of interaction between different specialists. In the field of oncogynecology, undoubtedly one of the most promising aspects is the possibility of better and especially early diagnostics and, ultimately, improved patient survival.Conclusion. A great success has been achieved so far, and AI use is expected to extend in the next few years. In fact, it will take a very long way to go before AI-based technologies are fully integrated into clinical practice.

Abstract Background The onset of menopause leads to diminished estrogen exposure, resulting in a high morbidity burden related to menopausal symptoms. Menopausal hormonal therapy is an effective therapy that offers more advantages than disadvantages for women aged less than 60 years or who have had menopause for less than 10 years. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of menopausal symptoms, identify factors associated with menopausal symptoms, and assess the use of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 40–60 who visited the gynecological clinics of three hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2022 at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Tikur Anbessa Hospital, and Zewditu Memorial Hospital on 296 middle-aged women. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed for sociodemographic factors, utilization of menopausal hormone therapy, and prevalence of menopausal symptoms using the menopause rating scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of each subscale of menopausal symptoms. The strength of the association was measured using odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, and statistical significance was set at a value of P

Abstract Background During gynecological laparoscopic surgery, pneumoperitoneum and the Trendelenburg position (TP) can lead to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it remains unclear whether perioperative fluid therapy impacts ICP. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the impact of restrictive fluid (RF) therapy versus conventional fluid (CF) therapy on ICP in gynecological laparoscopic surgery patients by measuring the ratio of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) to the eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) using ultrasound. Methods Sixty-four patients who were scheduled for laparoscopic gynecological surgery were randomly assigned to the CF group or the RF group. The main outcomes were differences in the ONSD/ETD ratios between the groups at predetermined time points. The secondary outcomes were intraoperative circulatory parameters (including mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and urine volume changes) and postoperative recovery indicators (including extubation time, length of post-anaesthesia care unit stay, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay). Results There were no statistically significant differences in the ONSD/ETD ratio and the ONSD over time between the two groups (all p > 0.05). From T2 to T4, the ONSD/ETD ratio and the ONSD in both groups were higher than T1 (all p

(1) Background: This study aimed to quantify and evaluate the publication rate and discrepancies of functional urology abstracts from international conferences, and to explore the interdisciplinary contributions of urology and gynecology to the field. (2) Methods: A retrospective bibliometric and content analysis was conducted on abstracts presented between 2015 and 2019 at the EAU and ICS congresses, focusing on functional-urological keywords. A discrepancy scoring system ranging from 0 (minor discrepancies) to 3 (significant discrepancies) assessed the consistency between conference abstracts and full-text publications, and an in-depth analysis determined the disciplinary origin of these publications. (3) Results: Between 2015 and 2019, 53% of EAU and 57% of ICS congress abstracts were published as full-text articles, with minor discrepancies in 38% of EAU and 49% of ICS publications, and significant discrepancies in 17% from both. Urology departments dominated publications, contributing 68% at EAU and 55% at ICS, whereas gynecology contributed only 1% at EAU and 12% at ICS. (4) Conclusions: This study illuminates the need for improved reporting standards and interdisciplinary collaboration in functional urology, as well as increased gynecology research in functional urology-related fields, suggesting that addressing these issues is crucial for advancing the field and enhancing patient care.