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1,406 results on '"Choi YU"'

1. Topological beaming of light: Proof-of-concept experiment

Author

Choi, Yu Sung, Lee, Ki Young, An, Soo-Chan, Jang, Minchul, Kim, Youngjae, Shin, Seung Han, and Yoon, Jae Woong

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

Beam shaping in nanophotonic systems remains a challenge due to the reliance on complex heuristic optimization procedures. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a novel approach to topological beam shaping using Jackiw-Rebbi states in metasurfaces. By fabricating thin-film dielectric structures with engineered Dirac-mass distributions, we create domain walls that allow precise control over beam profiles. We observe the emergence of Jackiw-Rebbi states and confirm their localized characteristics. Notably, we achieve a flat-top beam profile by carefully tailoring the Dirac mass distribution, highlighting the potential of this method for customized beam shaping. This experimental realization establishes our approach as a new mechanism for beam control, rooted in topological physics, and offers an efficient strategy for nanophotonic design.

Published
2024

2. Quantum plasmonic sensing by Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry

Author

Yoon, Seungjin, Choi, Yu Sung, Tame, Mark, Yoon, Jae Woong, Polyakov, Sergey V., and Lee, Changhyoup

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

We propose a quantum plasmonic sensor using Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometry that measures the refractive index of an analyte, embedded in a plasmonic beam splitter composed of a dual-Kretschmann configuration, which serves as a frustrated total internal reflection beamsplitter. The sensing performance of the HOM interferometry, combined with single-photon detectors, is evaluated through Fisher information for estimation of the refractive index of the analyte. This is subsequently compared with the classical benchmark that considers the injection of a coherent state of light into the plasmonic beamsplitter. By varying the wavelength of the single photons and the refractive index of the analyte, we identify a wide range where a 50 % quantum enhancement is achieved and discuss the observed behaviors in comparison with the classical benchmark. We expect this study to provide a useful insight into the advancement of quantum-enhanced sensing technologies, with direct implications for a wide range of nanophotonic beamsplitter structures.

Published
2024
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13. Getting physical: Material mechanics is an intrinsic cell cue

Author

Atcha, Hamza, Choi, Yu Suk, Chaudhuri, Ovijit, and Engler, Adam J

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Stem Cell Research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Underpinning research, Mechanotransduction, Cellular, Cues, Stem Cells, Biocompatible Materials, extracellular matrix, forces, mechanobiology, niche, progenitor, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Advances in biomaterial science have allowed for unprecedented insight into the ability of material cues to influence stem cell function. These material approaches better recapitulate the microenvironment, providing a more realistic ex vivo model of the cell niche. However, recent advances in our ability to measure and manipulate niche properties in vivo have led to novel mechanobiological studies in model organisms. Thus, in this review, we will discuss the importance of material cues within the cell niche, highlight the key mechanotransduction pathways involved, and conclude with recent evidence that material cues regulate tissue function in vivo.

Published
2023

24. Tracking Cells and their Lineages via Labeled Random Finite Sets

Author

Nguyen, Tran Thien Dat, Vo, Ba-Ngu, Vo, Ba-Tuong, Kim, Du Yong, and Choi, Yu Suk

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

Determining the trajectories of cells and their lineages or ancestries in live-cell experiments are fundamental to the understanding of how cells behave and divide. This paper proposes novel online algorithms for jointly tracking and resolving lineages of an unknown and time-varying number of cells from time-lapse video data. Our approach involves modeling the cell ensemble as a labeled random finite set with labels representing cell identities and lineages. A spawning model is developed to take into account cell lineages and changes in cell appearance prior to division. We then derive analytic filters to propagate multi-object distributions that contain information on the current cell ensemble including their lineages. We also develop numerical implementations of the resulting multi-object filters. Experiments using simulation, synthetic cell migration video, and real time-lapse sequence, are presented to demonstrate the capability of the solutions.

Published
2021
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31. Safety and Immunogenicity of the ID93 + GLA-SE Tuberculosis Vaccine in BCG-Vaccinated Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Trial

Author

Choi, Yu Hwa, Kang, Young Ae, Park, Kwang Joo, Choi, Jae Chol, Cho, Kwan Goo, Ko, Da Yeon, Ahn, Jun Ho, Lee, Boram, Ahn, Eunsol, Woo, Yun Ju, Jung, Kwangsoo, Kim, Nan Yul, Reese, Valerie A., Larsen, Sasha E., Baldwin, Susan L., Reed, Steven G., Coler, Rhea N., Lee, Hyejon, and Cho, Sang-Nae

Published
2023
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33. Correction: Reprogramming anchorage dependency by adherent‑to‑suspension transition promotes metastatic dissemination

Author

Huh, Hyunbin D., Sub, Yujin, Oh, Jongwook, Kim, Ye Eun, Lee, Ju Young, Kim, Hwa‑Ryeon, Lee, Soyeon, Lee, Hannah, Pak, Sehyung, Amos, Sebastian E., Vahala, Danielle, Park, Jae Hyung, Shin, Ji Eun, Park, So Yeon, Kim, Han Sang, Roh, Young Hoon, Lee, Han‑Woong, Guan, Kun‑Liang, Choi, Yu Suk, Jeong, Joon, Choi, Junjeong, Roe, Jae‑Seok, Gee, Heon Yung, and Park, Hyun Woo

Published
2023
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35. Seasonal and regional variations of atmospheric ammonia across the South Korean Peninsula

Author

Park, Taehyun, Singh, Rahul, Ban, Jihee, Kim, Kyunghoon, Park, Gyutae, Kang, Seokwon, Choi, Siyoung, Song, Jeongin, Yu, Dong-Gil, Bae, Min-Suk, Ahn, Junyoung, Jung, Hae-Jin, Lim, Yong-Jae, Kim, Hyun Woong, Hwang, Tae Kyung, Choi, Yu Jin, Kim, Soo-Young, Kim, Hyo Seon, Chang, Yu Woon, Shin, Hye Jung, Lim, Yunsung, Lee, Jongtae, Park, Jinsoo, Choi, Jinsoo, and Lee, Taehyoung

Published
2023
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36. Reprogramming anchorage dependency by adherent-to-suspension transition promotes metastatic dissemination

Author

Huh, Hyunbin D., Sub, Yujin, Oh, Jongwook, Kim, Ye Eun, Lee, Ju Young, Kim, Hwa-Ryeon, Lee, Soyeon, Lee, Hannah, Pak, Sehyung, Amos, Sebastian E., Vahala, Danielle, Park, Jae Hyung, Shin, Ji Eun, Park, So Yeon, Kim, Han Sang, Roh, Young Hoon, Lee, Han-Woong, Guan, Kun-Liang, Choi, Yu Suk, Jeong, Joon, Choi, Junjeong, Roe, Jae-Seok, Gee, Heon Yung, and Park, Hyun Woo

Published
2023
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43. Efficacy and safety of moderate-intensity statin with ezetimibe combination therapy in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: a post-hoc analysis of the RACING trial

Author

Park, Jong-Il, Lee, Seung-Jun, Lee, Yong-Joon, Hong, Sung-Jin, Ahn, Chul-Min, Kim, Byeong-Keuk, Ko, Young-Guk, Choi, Donghoon, Hong, Myeong-Ki, Kim, Jung-Sun, Hong, Bum-Kee, Lee, Jung-Hee, Kim, Ung, Cho, Yun-Hyeong, Shin, Won-Yong, Lim Jang, Sang-Wook Yangsoo, Kang, Woong-Chol, Park Jung, Yongwhi Young Hoon, Lee, Sung-Yoon, Kim, Kyoung Jin, Hong, Soon-Jun, Yun, Kyeong Ho, Heo, Jung Ho, Rha, Seung-Woon, Choi, Woong Gil, Lee, Wang Soo Lee, Jung, Jinok, Choi, Sunghoon, Cho, Youn Haeng, Park, Woo Jung, Youn, Changhwan, Hur, Seung Ho, Choi, Hyun Hee, Kim, Ju Han, Kim, Hyun Kuk, Choi, Yu-Jung, Lim, Sang-Wook, Park, Yongwhi, and Jang, Yangsoo

Published
2023
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49. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanol Extract from Hibiscus cannabinus L. Flower in Diesel Particulate Matter-Stimulated HaCaT Cells.

Author

Han, Ji-Ye, Kim, Shin-Kyeom, Lim, Do-Won, Kwon, Osoung, Choi, Yu-Rim, Kang, Chan-Ho, Lee, Yun Jung, and Lee, Young-Mi

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Diesel Particulate Matter (DPM) is a very small particulate matter originating from cities, factories, and the use of fossil fuels in diesel vehicles. When DPM permeates the skin, it causes inflammation, leading to severe atopic dermatitis. Hibiscus cannabinus L. (Kenaf) seeds and leaves possess various beneficial properties, including anti-coagulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanol extract of Hibiscus cannabinus L. flower (HCFE) in HaCaT cells stimulated with 100 μg/mL of DPM. Methods: The anthocyanin content of HCFE was analyzed, and its antioxidant capacity was investigated using the DPPH assay. After inducing inflammation with 100 ug/mL of DPM, the cytotoxicity of HCFE 25, 50, and 100 ug/mL was measured, and the inhibitory effect of HCFE on inflammatory mediators was evaluated. Results: Anthocyanin and myricetin-3-O-glucoside were present in HCFE and showed high antioxidant capacity. In addition, HCFE decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, and MCP-1, and significantly reduced the gene expression of CXCL10, CCL5, CCL17, and CCL22, which are known to increase in atopic dermatitis lesions. Furthermore, HCFE reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and down-regulated the activation of NF-κB, MAPKs. Inhibition of the NLRP-3 inflammasome was observed in DPM-stimulated HaCaT cells. In addition, the restoration of filaggrin and involucrin, skin barrier proteins destroyed by DPM exposure, was confirmed. Conclusions: These data suggest that HCFE could be used to prevent and improve skin inflammation and atopic dermatitis through the regulation of inflammatory mediators and the inhibition of skin water loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Research of Optical Properties and Biocompatibility in Different Zones of Multilayered Translucent Zirconia on Hydrothermal Aging.

Author

Kim, Ju-Hyun, Yang, Ye-Jin, Ahn, Jin-Soo, Shin, Soo-Yeon, Lee, Jung-Hwan, and Choi, Yu-Sung

Subjects
YTTRIUM oxides, PATIENT satisfaction, CONTACT angle, OPTICAL properties, SURFACE properties
Abstract

Objective: We assessed the changes in optical properties and biocompatibility of transition zones in multilayered translucent monolithic zirconia exposed to prolonged hydrothermal aging and compared the results to those with different yttrium oxide contents. Materials and Methods: Four types of zirconia blocks from IPS e.max ZirCAD were used: 3Y-TZP e.max ZirCAD LT (ZL), 4Y-TZP e.max ZirCAD MT (ZM), 5Y-TZP e.max ZirCAD MT Multi (ZT), and 3Y/5Y-TZP e.max ZirCAD Prime (ZP). A total of 120 specimens (15.0 mm diameter and 1.5 mm height) were fabricated and divided into three groups (n = 10). The aging process for the specimens was conducted in an autoclave set to 134 °C and 0.2 MPa, with durations of 0 h (control), 5 h (first aged), and 10 h (second aged). The optical properties and biocompatibility were analyzed, followed by a statistical analysis of the data (α = 0.05). Results: Before and after aging, ZL and ZP exhibited the lowest color changes. ZT exhibited the highest average transmittance and translucency parameter values, while ZL had the lowest. The water contact angle test showed the highest value in ZM and lowest in ZL across all the aging stages. ZL, ZM, and ZP showed a considerable decrease in the water contact angle; however, ZT did not. A cell counting kit-8 assay showed ZL had the highest value, while ZM had the lowest. A filamentous actin test exhibited the highest value in ZL and lowest in ZM. In the vinculin analysis, ZL and ZT exhibited the lowest values, whereas ZM and ZP had the highest. Conclusion: 3Y/5Y-TZP exhibited a balanced performance across critical parameters, such as color stability, translucency, and biocompatibility, aligning with 3Y-TZP. While 5Y-TZP demonstrated superior translucency, it confirmed the lowest color stability, whereas 3Y-TZP achieved the highest biocompatibility. These properties provide clinicians with a reliable material option that ensures superior esthetic outcomes and long-term prognosis, ultimately contributing to improved patient satisfaction and clinical longevity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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