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96 results on '"Central System"'

1. NOVEDADES COROLÓGICAS PARA LA FLORA VASCULAR DE LA SIERRA DE GREDOS S.L. (SISTEMA CENTRAL) Y LA COMARCA DE LA MORAÑA, IV.

Author: LUCEÑO GARCÉS, Modesto, RICO HERNÁNDEZ, Enrique, BARIEGO HERNÁNDEZ, Patricio, ROBLES FERNÁNDEZ, José Luis, MARUGÁN RÁBANO, Víctor Javier, QUIRÓS DE LA PEÑA, Begoña, SÁNCHEZ VILLEGAS, Manuel, PINTO CARRASCO, Daniel, DE SANDE VELICIA, Francisco J., JURADO SÁNCHEZ, Javier, ESTÉVEZ RODRÍGUEZ, Luis Fernando, SÁNCHEZ BENZ, Cecilia, SÁNCHEZ BENZ, Lea, TRUJILLO PARDO, Luis Antonio, HERNÁNDEZ GARCÍA, Francisco Javier, and SÁNCHEZ VILLEGAS, Rogelio
Subjects: ANEMONES, BLUEGRASSES (Plants), VASCULAR plants, PENINSULAS, CILIATA
Abstract: Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2024

2. Congenital hydrocephalus: a review of recent advances in genetic etiology and molecular mechanisms

Author: Xiu-Yun Liu, Xin Song, Marek Czosnyka, Chiara Robba, Zofia Czosnyka, Jennifer Lee Summers, Hui-Jie Yu, Guo-Yi Gao, Peter Smielewski, Fang Guo, Mei-Jun Pang, and Dong Ming
Subjects: Congenital hydrocephalus, Genetic disease, Central system, Cilia, Ventricle, Medicine (General), R5-920, Military Science
Abstract: Abstract The global prevalence rate for congenital hydrocephalus (CH) is approximately one out of every five hundred births with multifaceted predisposing factors at play. Genetic influences stand as a major contributor to CH pathogenesis, and epidemiological evidence suggests their involvement in up to 40% of all cases observed globally. Knowledge about an individual’s genetic susceptibility can significantly improve prognostic precision while aiding clinical decision-making processes. However, the precise genetic etiology has only been pinpointed in fewer than 5% of human instances. More occurrences of CH cases are required for comprehensive gene sequencing aimed at uncovering additional potential genetic loci. A deeper comprehension of its underlying genetics may offer invaluable insights into the molecular and cellular basis of this brain disorder. This review provides a summary of pertinent genes identified through gene sequencing technologies in humans, in addition to the 4 genes currently associated with CH (two X-linked genes L1CAM and AP1S2, two autosomal recessive MPDZ and CCDC88C). Others predominantly participate in aqueduct abnormalities, ciliary movement, and nervous system development. The prospective CH-related genes revealed through animal model gene-editing techniques are further outlined, focusing mainly on 4 pathways, namely cilia synthesis and movement, ion channels and transportation, Reissner’s fiber (RF) synthesis, cell apoptosis, and neurogenesis. Notably, the proper functioning of motile cilia provides significant impulsion for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation within the brain ventricles while mutations in cilia-related genes constitute a primary cause underlying this condition. So far, only a limited number of CH-associated genes have been identified in humans. The integration of genotype and phenotype for disease diagnosis represents a new trend in the medical field. Animal models provide insights into the pathogenesis of CH and contribute to our understanding of its association with related complications, such as renal cysts, scoliosis, and cardiomyopathy, as these genes may also play a role in the development of these diseases. Genes discovered in animals present potential targets for new treatments but require further validation through future human studies.
Published: 2024
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3. Congenital hydrocephalus: a review of recent advances in genetic etiology and molecular mechanisms.

Author: Liu, Xiu-Yun, Song, Xin, Czosnyka, Marek, Robba, Chiara, Czosnyka, Zofia, Summers, Jennifer Lee, Yu, Hui-Jie, Gao, Guo-Yi, Smielewski, Peter, Guo, Fang, Pang, Mei-Jun, and Ming, Dong
Subjects: CEREBRAL ventricles, CYSTIC kidney disease, ION channels, CEREBROSPINAL fluid, NERVOUS system
Abstract: The global prevalence rate for congenital hydrocephalus (CH) is approximately one out of every five hundred births with multifaceted predisposing factors at play. Genetic influences stand as a major contributor to CH pathogenesis, and epidemiological evidence suggests their involvement in up to 40% of all cases observed globally. Knowledge about an individual's genetic susceptibility can significantly improve prognostic precision while aiding clinical decision-making processes. However, the precise genetic etiology has only been pinpointed in fewer than 5% of human instances. More occurrences of CH cases are required for comprehensive gene sequencing aimed at uncovering additional potential genetic loci. A deeper comprehension of its underlying genetics may offer invaluable insights into the molecular and cellular basis of this brain disorder. This review provides a summary of pertinent genes identified through gene sequencing technologies in humans, in addition to the 4 genes currently associated with CH (two X-linked genes L1CAM and AP1S2, two autosomal recessive MPDZ and CCDC88C). Others predominantly participate in aqueduct abnormalities, ciliary movement, and nervous system development. The prospective CH-related genes revealed through animal model gene-editing techniques are further outlined, focusing mainly on 4 pathways, namely cilia synthesis and movement, ion channels and transportation, Reissner's fiber (RF) synthesis, cell apoptosis, and neurogenesis. Notably, the proper functioning of motile cilia provides significant impulsion for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation within the brain ventricles while mutations in cilia-related genes constitute a primary cause underlying this condition. So far, only a limited number of CH-associated genes have been identified in humans. The integration of genotype and phenotype for disease diagnosis represents a new trend in the medical field. Animal models provide insights into the pathogenesis of CH and contribute to our understanding of its association with related complications, such as renal cysts, scoliosis, and cardiomyopathy, as these genes may also play a role in the development of these diseases. Genes discovered in animals present potential targets for new treatments but require further validation through future human studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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4. Research Progress of Exogenous γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Improving Neurological Diseases by Regulating Intestinal Flora

Author: Wei HE, He SONG, Zibiao YANG, Shiwei ZHAO, Qiuyi XU, and Yan JIANG
Subjects: exogenous γ-aminobotyric acid, microbe-gut-brain axis, intestinal flora, central system, neurological disease, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract: There has been a controversy as to whether exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid can enter brain regions. The concept of "microbe-gut-brain axis" suggestes that exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid is able to enter the body through oral administration. The γ-aminobutyric acid is subsequently involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal microenvironment, which benefits the central system and provides treatment for neurological diseases. Currently, the γ-aminobutyric acid prepared by microbial method can be used as a new food raw material in certain foods and functional foods rich in γ-aminobutyric acid has been gradually developed. Literature confirms that the intake of a certain amount of γ-aminobutyric could affect nervous system function including improvement of sleep quality, depression-like behavior, behavior and cognitive disorders. This paper is to provide reference for the application of γ-aminobutyric acid in medicine and functional food with the focus on GABA preparation, the relationship between γ-aminobutyric acid and intestinal flora, the effects of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid on nervous system through intestinal flora and its preparation methods.
Published: 2023
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5. NOVEDADES COROLÓGICAS Y NOMENCLATURALES PARA LA FLORA VASCULAR DE LA SIERRA DE GREDOS (SISTEMA CENTRAL), III.

Author: SÁNCHEZ-VILLEGAS, Rogelio, DE LA PEÑA, Begoña QUIRÓS, SÁNCHEZ VILLEGAS, Manuel, DE SANDE VELICIA, Francisco Javier, CASTRO CASTRO, Joaquín, ROBLES FERNÁNDEZ, José Luis, ESTÉVEZ RODRÍGUEZ, Luis Fernando, SÁNCHEZ BENZ, Cecilia, SÁNCHEZ BENZ, Lea, MARTÍN GARCÍA, Blanca, MENÉNDEZ VALDERREY, Juan Luis, SANTERO GARCÍA, Santiago Miguel, GONZÁLEZ CARRERA, Santiago José, RICO JIMÉNEZ, Juan Carlos, ÁLVAREZ PADILLA, Israel, HERNÁNDEZ HERNÁNDEZ, Nieves, HERNÁNDEZ DE LA TORRE-BENZAL, Belén, VARGAS GÓMEZ, Pablo, and LUCEÑO GARCÉS, Modesto
Abstract: Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2022

6. NOVEDADES COROLÓGICAS PARA LA FLORA VASCULAR DE LA SIERRA DE GREDOS (SISTEMA CENTRAL), II.

Abstract: Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2020

7. Análisis de la estructura alpina de la corteza del centro de la Península Ibérica: Una sección Magneto-Telúrica a través del Sistema Central (Sierra de Gredos)

Author: Pous, Jaume, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Olaiz Campos, Antonio José, Seillé, H., De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo, Pous, Jaume, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Olaiz Campos, Antonio José, Seillé, H., and De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo
Abstract: We present a magnetotelluric profile across the Duero basin, the Central System and the Madrid basin, acquired in the framework of the TOPO-IBERIA project. The MT profile consists of 24 magnetotelluric sites over a 200 km, NS oriented profile. Five components were measured with periods ranging from 0.001 s to 500s. The dimensional analysis reveals a dominant E-W direction and 2D joint inversion of apparent resistivity, phases and tipper was carried out. The inverse resistivity model obtained has been compared with other geological and geophysical data, and it shows a resistive and homogeneous crust that extends towards the Duero basin. The main conductive anomalies are elongated and inclined bodies that are related with the main big–scale Alpine thrusts. Other superficial conductive bodies are related with the tertiary sedimentary basins. [RESUMEN]Este trabajo muestra un nuevo perfil magnetotelúrico (MT) a través del la cuenca del Duero, el Sistema central y la Cuenca de Madrid, adquirido dentro del proyecto TopoIberia. El Perfil MT consiste en 24 sondeos a lo largo de 200 km con una orientación NS. En cada sondeo se han medido cinco componentes con periodos de 0.001 a 500 s. El análisis dimensional revela una dirección dominante E-O y se ha realizado una inversión conjunta en 2D de las resistividades aparentes, fases y tipper. El modelo de resistividades obtenido ha sido comparado con otros datos geológicos y geofísicos, y muestra una estructura cortical homogénea y resistiva que se prolonga hacia la cuenca del Duero. En esta corteza aparecen cuerpos conductores inclinados y alargados en profundidad asociados a grandes cabalgamientos alpinos. Otros cuerpos conductores superficiales están claramente relacionados con las cuencas sedimentarias terciarias, MICINN, Universidad Complutense, Banco Santander, Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2023

8. Novedades corológicas y nomenclaturales para la flora vascular de la Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central), III

Author: Sánchez Villegas, Rogelio, Quirós de la Peña, Begoña, Sánchez Villegas, Manuel, De Sande Velicia, Francisco Javier, Castro Castro, Joaquín, Robles Fernández, José Luis, Estévez Rodríguez, Fernando, Sánchez Benz, Cecilia, Sánchez Benz, Lea, Martín García, Blanca, Menéndez Valderrey, Juan Luis, Santero García, Santiago Miguel, González Carrera, Santiago José, Rico Jiménez, Juan Carlos, Álvarez Padilla, Israel, Hernández Hernández, Nieves, Hernandez de la Torre Benzal, Belén, Vargas Gómez, Pablo, Luceño Garcés, Modesto, Sánchez Villegas, Rogelio, Quirós de la Peña, Begoña, Sánchez Villegas, Manuel, De Sande Velicia, Francisco Javier, Castro Castro, Joaquín, Robles Fernández, José Luis, Estévez Rodríguez, Fernando, Sánchez Benz, Cecilia, Sánchez Benz, Lea, Martín García, Blanca, Menéndez Valderrey, Juan Luis, Santero García, Santiago Miguel, González Carrera, Santiago José, Rico Jiménez, Juan Carlos, Álvarez Padilla, Israel, Hernández Hernández, Nieves, Hernandez de la Torre Benzal, Belén, Vargas Gómez, Pablo, and Luceño Garcés, Modesto
Abstract: In the present paper we present the floristic novelties for the flora of the Sierra de Gredos resulting from the explorations of these mountains and that, mostly, are the result of the field trips of the year 2021. We present 31 chorological novelties, among which we highlight the finding in the Community of Madrid of the restricted endemic Iberodes brassicifolia (Lag.) M. Serrano, R. Carbajal & S. Ortiz. Also relevant are Herniaria hirsuta L., Rosa glauca Pourr. (new for the Spanish Central System) and Rosa coriifolia Fr. (new for Extremadura and the whole of the Sierra de Gredos), as well as Soliva sessilisRuiz & Pav., Trifolium vesiculosumSavi (new for Castilla y León) and Lepidium villarsii Gren. & Godr. subsp. villarsii (new for the Sierra de Gredos). Finally, two new nomenclatural combinations are made in the genus Tephroseris (Rchb.) Rchb.: Tephroseris balbisiana (DC.) Holub subsp. coincy (Rouy) P. Vargas & Luceño, endemic to Gredos range, and Tephroseris balbisiana subsp. elodes (Boiss. ex DC.) P. Vargas & Luceño, endemic to Sierra Nevada., El presente artículo recoge las novedades florísticas resultantes de las exploraciones de la sierra de Gredos en sentido amplio y que, mayoritariamente, son fruto de la campaña del año 2021. En esta ocasión presentamos 31 novedades corológicas, entre las que destacamos el hallazgo en la Comunidad de Madrid del endemismo de distribución restringida Iberodes brassicifolia (Lag.) M. Serrano, R. Carbajal & S. Ortiz. También son relevantes Herniaria hirsuta L., Rosa glauca Pourr. (novedades para el Sistema Central) y Rosa coriifolia Fr. (novedad para Extremadura y el conjunto de la sierra de Gredos), así como Soliva sessilis Ruiz & Pav., Trifolium vesiculosum Savi (novedades para Castilla y León) y Lepidium villarsii Gren. & Godr. subsp. villarsii (novedad para la sierra de Gredos). Por último, se llevan a cabo dos combinaciones nomenclaturales nuevas en el género Tephroseris (Rchb.) Rchb.: Tephroseris balbisiana (DC.) Holub subsp. coincy (Rouy) P. Vargas & Luceño, endémico de la sierra de Gredos, y Tephroseris balbisiana subsp. elodes (Boiss. ex DC.) P. Vargas & Luceño, endémico de Sierra Nevada
Published: 2022

9. Kink bands alpinos en rocas foliadas del basamento varisco del Sistema Central

Author: De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Díez Fernández, Rubén, Olaiz Campos, J. A., De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Díez Fernández, Rubén, and Olaiz Campos, J. A.
Abstract: La asociación espacial y cinemática entre kink bands en rocas con foliación varisca y cabalgamientos alpinos en el basamento del Sistema Central, permiten deducir que los primeros tienen una edad cenozoica, y no varisca o tardivarisca. Sistemáticamente, la dirección de los ejes de los kinks es subparalela a los cabalgamientos. Se estudian tres afloramientos clave: El Cabalgamiento de Villares de Jadraque, el Cabalgamiento de Valdesotos y el Retrocabalgamiento de El Atazar., The spatial and kinematic association between kink bands in rocks with variscan foliation and alpine thrusts in the Central System basement, allow us to deduce that the former have a Cenozoic age, and not variscan or late-variscan. Systematically, the fold axes trend of the kinks is sub-parallel to the strike of the thrusts. Three key outcrops are studied: the Villares de Jadraque thrust, the Valdesotos thrust and the El Atazar back-thrust., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2021

10. Kink bands alpinos en rocas foliadas del basamento varisco del Sistema Central

Author: Díez Fernández, Rubén [0000-0002-0379-7970], Vicente, G. de, Muñoz-Martín, Alfonso, Díez Fernández, Rubén, Olaiz, A., Díez Fernández, Rubén [0000-0002-0379-7970], Vicente, G. de, Muñoz-Martín, Alfonso, Díez Fernández, Rubén, and Olaiz, A.
Abstract: [EN] The spatial and kinematic association between kink bands in rocks with variscan foliation and alpine thrusts in the Central System basement, allow us to deduce that the former have a Cenozoic age, and not variscan or late-variscan. Systematically, the fold axes trend of the kinks is sub-parallel to the strike of the thrusts. Three key outcrops are studied: the Villares de Jadraque thrust, the Valdesotos thrust and the El Atazar back-thrust., [ES] La asociación espacial y cinemática entre kink bands en rocas con foliación varisca y cabalgamientos alpinos en el basamento del Sistema Central, permiten deducir que los primeros tienen una edad cenozoica, y no varisca o tardivarisca. Sistemáticamente, la dirección de los ejes de los kinks es subparalela a los cabalgamientos. Se estudian tres afloramientos clave: El Cabalgamiento de Villares de Jadraque, el Cabalgamiento de Valdesotos y el Retrocabalgamiento de El Atazar.
Published: 2021

11. Kink bands alpinos en rocas foliadas del basamento varisco del Sistema Central

Author: Vicente, G. de [0000-0002-7198-8517], Muñoz-Martín, A. [0000-0002-5302-5119], Díez Fernández, Rubén [0000-0002-0379-7970], Vicente, G. de, Muñoz-Martín, Alfonso, Díez Fernández, Rubén, Olaiz, A., Vicente, G. de [0000-0002-7198-8517], Muñoz-Martín, A. [0000-0002-5302-5119], Díez Fernández, Rubén [0000-0002-0379-7970], Vicente, G. de, Muñoz-Martín, Alfonso, Díez Fernández, Rubén, and Olaiz, A.
Abstract: [EN] The spatial and kinematic association between kink bands in rocks with variscan foliation and alpine thrusts in the Central System basement, allow us to deduce that the former have a Cenozoic age, and not variscan or late-variscan. Systematically, the fold axes trend of the kinks is sub-parallel to the strike of the thrusts. Three key outcrops are studied: the Villares de Jadraque thrust, the Valdesotos thrust and the El Atazar back-thrust., [ES] La asociación espacial y cinemática entre kink bands en rocas con foliación varisca y cabalgamientos alpinos en el basamento del Sistema Central, permiten deducir que los primeros tienen una edad cenozoica, y no varisca o tardivarisca. Sistemáticamente, la dirección de los ejes de los kinks es subparalela a los cabalgamientos. Se estudian tres afloramientos clave: El Cabalgamiento de Villares de Jadraque, el Cabalgamiento de Valdesotos y el Retrocabalgamiento de El Atazar.
Published: 2021

12. Kink bands alpinos en rocas foliadas del basamento varisco del Sistema Central

Author: Vicente, Gerardo de, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Díez Fernández, Rubén, Olaiz Campos, Antonio, Díez Fernández, Rubén, and Díez Fernández, Rubén [0000-0002-0379-7970]
Subjects: Geodinámica, Alpine thrusts, Sistema Central, Cabalgamientos Alpinos, Geología, Kink bands, Central System
Abstract: Comunicaciones presentadas en la LXIX Sesión Científica / Repsol virtual (Madrid) 27 de noviembre de 2020, [EN] The spatial and kinematic association between kink bands in rocks with variscan foliation and alpine thrusts in the Central System basement, allow us to deduce that the former have a Cenozoic age, and not variscan or late-variscan. Systematically, the fold axes trend of the kinks is sub-parallel to the strike of the thrusts. Three key outcrops are studied: the Villares de Jadraque thrust, the Valdesotos thrust and the El Atazar back-thrust., [ES] La asociación espacial y cinemática entre kink bands en rocas con foliación varisca y cabalgamientos alpinos en el basamento del Sistema Central, permiten deducir que los primeros tienen una edad cenozoica, y no varisca o tardivarisca. Sistemáticamente, la dirección de los ejes de los kinks es subparalela a los cabalgamientos. Se estudian tres afloramientos clave: El Cabalgamiento de Villares de Jadraque, el Cabalgamiento de Valdesotos y el Retrocabalgamiento de El Atazar.
Published: 2021

13. Novedades corológicas para la flora vascular de la Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central), II

Author: Sánchez Villegas, Rogelio, Sánchez Villegas, Manuel, Quirós de la Peña, Begoña, De Sande Velicia, Francisco Javier, Estévez Rodríguez, Fernando, Robles Fernández, José Luis, Sánchez Benz, Cecilia, Sánchez, Leandro, Román Hernández, Ramón, González Canalejo, Antonino, Martín López, Ricardo José, Rico Jiménez, Juan Carlos, Arribas Martín, Alberto, Martínez García, Blanca, Castelo Scremmer, Joaquín, Merchán Criado, Gustavo, Hernandez de la Torre Benzal, Belén, Luceño Garcés, Modesto, Sánchez Villegas, Rogelio, Sánchez Villegas, Manuel, Quirós de la Peña, Begoña, De Sande Velicia, Francisco Javier, Estévez Rodríguez, Fernando, Robles Fernández, José Luis, Sánchez Benz, Cecilia, Sánchez, Leandro, Román Hernández, Ramón, González Canalejo, Antonino, Martín López, Ricardo José, Rico Jiménez, Juan Carlos, Arribas Martín, Alberto, Martínez García, Blanca, Castelo Scremmer, Joaquín, Merchán Criado, Gustavo, Hernandez de la Torre Benzal, Belén, and Luceño Garcés, Modesto
Abstract: In the present paper, 43 chorological novelties for Gredos range (Central System, Spain) are showed. These citations are the result of the works leaning to the elaboration of the sierra de Gredos vascular flora catalogue. Some of them pose relevant disjunctions regarding their known Iberian distribution, as the cases of Myosotis hervei Sennen, Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk. and Rosa vosagiaca N.H.F. Desp. Other taxa imply novelties for the Spanish Central System, Gredos range or Ávila province. Moreover, we provide new citations of threatened taxa, with interest towards their conservation, namely Puccinellia pungens (Pau) Paunero. Eventually, some taxonomical considerations about species of difficult delimitation have been made, e. g. Delphinium halteratum-gracile and Sedum albumgypsicola complexes, En el presente artículo se citan 43 novedades corológicas para la sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central, España) que son fruto de los trabajos conducentes a la elaboración del catálogo de la flora vascular de la sierra de Gredos. Algunas suponen relevantes disyunciones con respecto al área ibérica conocida, como los casos de Myosotis hervei Sennen, Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk. y Rosa vosagiaca N.H.F. Desp. Otros táxones suponen novedades para el Sistema Central, la sierra de Gredos o la provincia de Ávila. Se aportan así mismo nuevas citas de táxones de interés de cara a su conservación, como es el caso de Puccinellia pungens (Pau) Paunero. Por último, se realizan algunas consideraciones taxonómicas sobre plantas de difícil delimitación como los complejos Delphinium halteratum-gracile y Sedum album-gypsicola.
Published: 2020

14. System for tracking granulate from the container to the injection moulding machine

Author: Klančar, Max, Župerl, Uroš, and Hace, Aleš
Subjects: pnevmatski prenos materiala, udc:681.518.5:621.867.8(043.2), zalogovnik, Central system, dilute phase, CFD Post, Centralni sistem, CFD, container, razredčena faza prenosa, ANSYS Fluent, pneumatic transfer of material
Abstract: V diplomski nalogi je popisan celoten sistem, ki z materialom oskrbuje brizgalni stroj. Simuliran je tok zraka in materiala skozi sistem s programom ANSYS Fluent. Narejena je morfološka matrika in s pomočjo le-te izbrana najprimernejša rešitev za ugotovitev, kdaj sveža serija materiala doseže brizgalni stroj. Rezultati so prikazani v programu CFD Post, v obliki histogramov in slik. The whole system, that provides the material to the injection moulding machine is described in the thesis. Flow of air and material is simulated with ANSYS Fluent software. Morphological matrix is made and with its help the most suitable solution is selected for finding out when a fresh batch of material gets to the injection moulding machine. Results are shown through histograms and pictures.
Published: 2019

15. Lithospheric image of the Central Iberian Zone(Iberian Massif) using global-phase seismic interferometry

Author: J. Andrés, D. Draganov, M. Schimmel, P. Ayarza, I. Palomeras, M. Ruiz, R. Carbonell, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Junta de Castilla y León, Andrés, Juvenal, Schimmel, Martin, Carbonell, Ramón, Ruiz Fernández, Mario, Andrés, Juvenal [0000-0002-1358-0986], Schimmel, Martin [0000-0003-2601-4462], Carbonell, Ramón [0000-0003-2019-1214], and Ruiz Fernández, Mario [0000-0002-0924-8980]
Subjects: Topography, Stratigraphy, Soil Science, Seismic interferometry, Lithospheric Structure, lcsh:Stratigraphy, Geochemistry and Petrology, Lithosphere, Alpine orogeny, Seismology, lcsh:QE640-699, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Seismic interferómetry, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Structural geology, Central Iberia, Paleontology, Geology, Crust, Massif, Imbrication, Central System, lcsh:Geology, Geophysics, Interferometry, 2507.07 Tectónica, Intraplate earthquake, 2507.05 Sismología y Prospección Sísmica
Abstract: The Spanish Central System is an intraplate mountain range that divides the Iberian Inner Plateau in two sectors - the northern Duero Basin and the Tajo Basin to the south. The topography of the area is highly variable with the Tajo Basin having an average altitude of 450-500 m and the Duero Basin having a higher average altitude of 750-800 m. The Spanish Central System is characterized by a thick-skin pop-up and pop-down configuration formed by the reactivation of Variscan structures during the Alpine orogeny. The high topography is, most probably, the response of a tectonically thickened crust that should be the response to (1) the geometry of the Moho discontinuity, (2) an imbricated crustal architecture, and/or (3) the rheological properties of the lithosphere. Shedding some light on these features is the main target of the current investigation. In this work, we present the lithospheric-scale model across this part of the Iberian Massif. We have used data from the Central Iberian Massif Deformation (CIMDEF) project, which consists of recordings of an almost-linear array of 69 short-period seismic stations, which define a 320 km long transect. We have applied the so-called global-phase seismic interferometry. The technique uses continuous recordings of global earthquakes (>120ĝ' epicentral distance) to extract global phases and their reverberations within the lithosphere. The processing provides an approximation of the zero-offset reflection response of a single station to a vertical source, sending (near)-vertical seismic energy. Results indeed reveal a clear thickening of the crust below the Central System, resulting, most probably, from an imbrication of the lower crust. Accordingly, the crust-mantle boundary is mapped as a relatively flat interface at approximately 10 s two-way travel time except in the Central System, where this feature deepens towards the NW reaching more than 12 s. The boundary between the upper and lower crust is well defined and is found at 5 s two-way travel time. The upper crust has a very distinctive signature depending on the region. Reflectivity at upper-mantle depths is scattered throughout the profile, located between 13 and 18 s, and probably related to the Hales discontinuity. © Author(s) 2019., This research has been supported by the Spanish National Research Program (grant nos. CGL2014-56548-P and CGL2016-81964-REDE), the regional government of Castilla and León (project SA065P17), and the Generalitat de Catalunya (grant no. 2017-SGR-1022); Juvenal Andrés is supported by FPI (Formación de Personal Investigador) from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (grant no. BES-2015-071683).
Published: 2019
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16. Crustal structure of the Spanish Central System: Constraints from ambient noise autocorrelation and controlled source data

Author: Andrés, J., Schimmel, M., Ruiz, M., Ayarza Arribas, María Puy, González Lodeiro, F., Rodríguez Fernández, L.R., Muñoz Martín, A., Granja Bruña, J.L., Torné, M., Carbonell, R., and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Subjects: 2507.06 Geofísica de la Masa Sólida Terrestre, Wide angle seismic reflection, Central Iberian Zone, Central Iberia, 2507.05 Sismología y Prospección Sísmica, Crustal structure, Ambient noise autocorrelation, Central System, Seismic prospecting, Seismology, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract: The Spanish Central System is the most relevant topographic feature in central Iberia. Along with the surrounding Duero and Tajo basins it presents an anomalous high elevation. This high topography is, most probably, the result of a combination of deep and surface processes. The crustal thickness, geometry of the Moho discontinuity and the crustal architecture are the main targets of current research efforts developed in the area. As part of a multi-seismic project limited controlled source data has been acquired, jointly with ambient noise seismic records. The preliminary results provide relatively strong constraints on the deep structure of the Spanish Central System. The ambient seismic noise records were acquired by a set of 24 short period (2 Hz) seismic stations deployed along a 120 km long NW-SE-trending profile with a 4.8 km average spacing. The transect crossed the southern branch of the mountain range. The stations recorded the ambient seismic field continuously for a month. Processing consisted on: phase autocorrelation of the seismic noise to retrieve the zero-offset reflection response at the receivers and, time-frequency domain phase weighted stack used to stack the auto correlations. For calibration and, along the same transect, over 500 TEXANS were deployed to record a wide-angle shot gather. The recording units with an approximate station spacing of 400 m recorded relatively high amplitude crustal and Moho events. The lower crust and the crust-mantle transition are constrained by both data sets. Further more small crustal discontinuities and structures are interpreted and correlated with surface geology features. The results of the processing are compared to synthetic models to certify the validity of our interpretations, Research support, Ref: CGL2016-81964-REDE, , EU grant 730900
Published: 2018

17. Is it possible to retrieve Moho reflections from high-frequency autocorrelations of ambient noise?

Author: Andrés, J., Schimmel, M., Ayarza Arribas, María Puy, Ruiz, M., Romero, P., and Carbonell, R.
Subjects: 2507.06 Geofísica de la Masa Sólida Terrestre, Central Iberian Zone, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, 2506 Geología, 2507.05 Sismología y Prospección Sísmica, Ambient noise autocorrelation, Central System, Moho reflections, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract: [EN]This presentation describes the process to retrieve Moho reflections from autocorrelation of seismic noise data
Published: 2018

18. Conclusion

Author: Schneider, Susan, author
Published: 2011
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19. The Central System as a Computational Engine

Author: Schneider, Susan, author
Published: 2011
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20. OCPP Compatibility between a Central System and Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Author: Court, Alexandre
Subjects: ConnectorId, Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering, Centralt System, AnslutningsId, LaddningsBoxId, Charge Point, Elfordon, Laddningspunkt, Annan elektroteknik och elektronik, OCPP, Central System, ChargeBoxIdentity, EV
Abstract: Nowadays, the growing CO2 emissions is one of the main international issues. The world is becoming aware that the current climate issues start being critic and that something has to be done. In parallel, Earth starts running out of fossil fuels so alternative energies and alternative ways of producing energy have to be found. Driving electric vehicles would reduce the CO2 emissions and the use of fossil fuels. Of course, it would not make it possible to solve all the current issues but it could be part of a global solution. Over the past few years, the production of electric vehicle has grown faster and faster and consequently so did the production of electric vehicle charging stations. International and European standards have been set for electric vehicles and electrical vehicle charging stations. Besides, the growing number of charging stations entails a need of supervision. Supervision makes it possible for instance to control the charging stations remotely or to manage the transaction and the energy transmissions. Given the large number of charging station constructors and supervision system suppliers, the need of a common communication protocol was imperative. The Open Charge Alliance (OCA) has developed a standard communication protocol named Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP). This protocol is still in development but it enables the different actors to have a common communication protocol and so to possibly interconnect their systems. Given OCPP is still under construction, the communication between a charging station and a supervision system is not trivial and some adjustments usually have to be made. The aim of this Thesis is to work on the compatibility between a supervision system and several charging stations from different constructors. Idag är växande CO2-utsläpp en av de viktigaste internationella frågorna. Världen är medveten om att de nuvarande klimatfrågorna börjar bli kritiskar och att något måste göras. Parallellt börjar jorden rinner ut av fossila bränslen så alternativa energikällor och alternativa sätt att producera energi måste hittas. Användningen av elfordon skulle minska CO2-utsläppen och användningen av fossila bränslen. Naturligtvis skulle det inte göra det möjligt att lösa alla aktuella frågor, men det kan vara en del av en global lösning. Under de senaste åren har produktionen av elektriska fordon vuxit snabbare och snabbare och därmed också produktionen av elfordonens laddstationer. Internationella och europeiska standarder har fastställts för elfordon och elfordons laddstationer. Ett växande antal laddstationer medför ett behov av tillsyn. Tillsyn gör det möjligt att till exempel fjärrstyra de laddstationer eller att hantera transaktionen och energiöverföringar. Med tanke på det stora antalet laddningsstation konstruktörer och övervakning systemleverantörer, var behovet av en gemensam kommunikationsprotokoll absolut nödvändigt. Open Charge Alliance (OCA) har utvecklat ett standard kommunikationsprotokoll som heter Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP). Detta protokoll är fortfarande under utveckling, men det gör det möjligt för olika aktörer att ha ett gemensamt kommunikationsprotokoll och att eventuellt sammankoppla sina system. Med tanke på att OCPP fortfarande är under uppbyggnad, är kommunikationen mellan en laddningsstation och ett övervakningssystem inte trivialt och vissa justeringar måste oftast göras. Syftet med dettaa examensarbete är att titta på förenlighet mellan ett övervakningssystem och flera laddningsstationer från olika leverantörer.
Published: 2015

21. El Cretácico del borde meridional del Sistema Central: unidades litoestratigráficas y secuencias deposicionales

Author: García, A. and Gil, J.
Subjects: lcsh:Geology, estratigrafía secuencial, cuñas de margen de plataforma, sequence stratigraphy, Cretácico superior, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Sistema Central, shelfmargin wedges, plataformas carbonatadas, carbonates platforms, Upper Cretaceous, Central System
Abstract: The Central System is an alpine rejuvenation of the hercinian base of the Iberian Plateo The landward ends of the cretaceous carbonate platforms of the Iberian Basin croup out along the southern margino Near to the Iberian Range (NE), the cretaceous sediments are composed of shallow marine and litoral carbonate deposits. They grade towards the basin boundary (Central System) into a litoral and continental terrigenous facies. An important reduction southward of the thickness of the sedimentary succession is recognized. The stratigraphic record is organized in sixteen lithostratigraphic units and in nine depositional sequence, that can be correlationed with the chart of cycles global of Haq et al. The age of the studied deposits are Cenomanian to Campanian. The stacking pattern is agradational, with a onlap not very marked in the base, a truncation and an internal uncorformity in the Santonian age. The thickness and facies changing is due to sinsedimentary faults within a distensive context, that have a little vertical displacement. They are younger outward of the sedimentary basin.El Sistema Central es un rejuvenecimiento alpino del zócalo hercínico de la Placa Ibérica. En su borde meridional afloran las terminaciones hacia el continente de las plataformas carbonatadas cretácicas del Surco Ibérico. Los depósitos cretácicos, en las proximidades de la Cordillera Ibérica (NE) son carbonatados, de ambientes litorales y marinos someros; mientras que hacia el interior de la Placa Ibérica, pasan a depósitos terrígenos, de medios litorales y continentales. Hay también una importante reducción de los espesores en esa misma dirección. El registro estratigráfico se organiza en dieciséis unidades litoestratigráficas y en ocho secuencias deposicionales, que se correlacionan con la carta de ciclos globales de Haq et al. Los materiales estudiados abarcan desde el Cenomanense al Campaniense. La estructura de apilamiento es agradacional, con un onlap poco marcado en la base, una truncación y una discordancia interna en el Santoniense. Las variaciones de espesor y de facies son controladas por fracturas sinsedimentarias, en un marco distensivo. Ellas tienen poco salto y son más modernas hacia el exterior de la cuenca sedimentaria.
Published: 1996

22. The role of lithospheric heterogeneities in the location of the Cenozoic intraplate deformation of Iberia from finite element modeling

Author: Martín-Velázquez, S. and De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo
Subjects: Geodinámica, Cenozoic, Numerical models, Initial conditions, Tectonic shortening, Crustal shortening, Geological data, Duero Basin, Central System, Asthenosphere, Basement rock, Mountain ranges, Alpine orogeny, Lithospheric, Lithospheric structure, Mechanical behavior, Crustal thickening, Finite element modeling, Thermo-mechanical, Iberian Peninsula, Sedimentary basin
Abstract: The Cenozoic evolution of the Central System basement uplift and of the continental Duero and Madrid basins on the Iberian Peninsula occurred in a compressive context triggered by the Alpine orogeny. Although several models of deformation have been suggested, the factors that led to the development of these have not been analyzed to date. We present here finite element modeling of the intraplate deformation of the Iberian lithosphere during the Cenozoic. This modeling has taken into account the role played by (1) the tectonic shortening originating from the Pyrenean and Betic collisions, (2) the weight of Tertiary continental sediments, and (3) thermomechanical heterogeneities present in the lithosphere. The numerical model represents a lithospheric section, with a creep-type mechanical behavior, perpendicular to the Central System, and the two sedimentary basins. Both initial conditions and the results obtained have been specified based on the available geophysical and geological data. This study has enabled us to simulate the present lithospheric structure of the central Iberian peninsula: (a) the formation of the Central System relief and its horizontal shortening, (b) the basement folding in the Duero and Madrid basins, (c) the development of the root of the mountain range, and (d) the depth of the lithosphere-asthenosphere border in the interior of Iberia. The deformations occurred through a large-scale folding and thickening mechanism, by the shortening of a lithosphere that was initially thinner, and with lateral contrasts in temperatures and composition., This study has been partially supported by Consolider Ingenio 2006 Topo-Iberia CSD2006-00041, the Spanish National Research Program CGL2006-13926-C02-01-02 Topo-Iberia Foreland, and ISES.
Published: 2012

23. Development and evaluation of an autonomous wirelesssensor actuator network in logistic systems

Author: Molla Jafari, Amir Mohammad, Lang, Walter, and Kreowski, Hans-Jörg
Subjects: Optimal sample Number, 530 Physics, Sequential coordinate routing algorithm(SCAR, Central system, logistic system, Autonomous structure sustainability, prowler, Computer Science::Robotics, Wireless sensor actuator network simulation, Wireless sensor actuator network, Autonomous structure robustness, Distributed system, ddc:530, Autonomous system, Intelligent container
Abstract: In this work, definition, development and evaluation of Autonomous Wireless Sensor Actuator Network (AWSAN) is discussed. Firstly the central and distributed systems are described. Then characteristic for autonomous system are considered. Based on the feedback model it is explained how the autonomous concept is applied in sensor actuator network. The necessity of developing the intelligent container to establish autonomous logistic system and reinforcing the system performance is explained.In order to develop an autonomous network a target-oriented routing algorithm is invented. By this routing algorithm the message is routed over the minimum length tree of the network graph and directed by sequential coordinates. This routing algorithm is called SCAR. Moreover to implement the AWSAN in automation process application it was required to find an optimal sample number for the sensor. A method is introduced by which it can be answered how often the sensors should take samples from the environment. A typical sensor node for implementation is also introduced.To evaluate the sensor network, it is simulated by a Probabilistic Wireless Network Simulator (Prowler). The network energy consumption and its distribution over the nodes in network with central and autonomous structure are studied. It is shown that the autonomous network consumes less energy than the central network. In the autonomous network the network energy consumption is distributed over the nodes more even compare to central network. This claim implies that the autonomous network is more sustainable. In another simulation an apple garden humidity is taken as case study to compare the robustness of the autonomous and central networks. The result is shown that the autonomous network is more robust. According to the optimal sample number method, it is also shown that with the autonomous network better control quality is achievable and the network is more scalable. During this work the AWSAN is seen as a micro scale of large autonomous systems and with some resemblances the result are generalized to autonomous system as well. Finally it is discussed that if decision by entities becomes dependent on conditions, the above results will face challenges and shows that the merits of autonomous network are not absolute.
Published: 2010

24. Análisis de la estructura alpina de la corteza del centro de la Península Ibérica: Una sección Magneto-Telúrica a través del Sistema Central (Sierra de Gredos)

Author: Pous, Jaume, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Olaiz Campos, Antonio José, Seillé, H., De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo, Pous, Jaume, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Olaiz Campos, Antonio José, Seillé, H., and De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo
Abstract: We present a magnetotelluric profile across the Duero basin, the Central System and the Madrid basin, acquired in the framework of the TOPO-IBERIA project. The MT profile consists of 24 magnetotelluric sites over a 200 km, NS oriented profile. Five components were measured with periods ranging from 0.001 s to 500s. The dimensional analysis reveals a dominant E-W direction and 2D joint inversion of apparent resistivity, phases and tipper was carried out. The inverse resistivity model obtained has been compared with other geological and geophysical data, and it shows a resistive and homogeneous crust that extends towards the Duero basin. The main conductive anomalies are elongated and inclined bodies that are related with the main big–scale Alpine thrusts. Other superficial conductive bodies are related with the tertiary sedimentary basins. [RESUMEN]Este trabajo muestra un nuevo perfil magnetotelúrico (MT) a través del la cuenca del Duero, el Sistema central y la Cuenca de Madrid, adquirido dentro del proyecto TopoIberia. El Perfil MT consiste en 24 sondeos a lo largo de 200 km con una orientación NS. En cada sondeo se han medido cinco componentes con periodos de 0.001 a 500 s. El análisis dimensional revela una dirección dominante E-O y se ha realizado una inversión conjunta en 2D de las resistividades aparentes, fases y tipper. El modelo de resistividades obtenido ha sido comparado con otros datos geológicos y geofísicos, y muestra una estructura cortical homogénea y resistiva que se prolonga hacia la cuenca del Duero. En esta corteza aparecen cuerpos conductores inclinados y alargados en profundidad asociados a grandes cabalgamientos alpinos. Otros cuerpos conductores superficiales están claramente relacionados con las cuencas sedimentarias terciarias, MICINN, Universidad Complutense, Banco Santander, Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2012

25. Secuencia geomorfológica y reconstrucción del paisaje durante el Cuaternario en el valle del río Lozoya (Sistema Central, España)

Author: Karampaglidis, Theodoros, Benito Calvo, Alfonso, Pérez González, Alfredo José, Baquedano, Enrique, Arsuaga Ferreras, Juan Luis, Karampaglidis, Theodoros, Benito Calvo, Alfonso, Pérez González, Alfredo José, Baquedano, Enrique, and Arsuaga Ferreras, Juan Luis
Abstract: El valle del río Lozoya se ha labrado en el basamento metamórfico y granítico paleozoico del Sistema Central (Comunidad de Madrid, España), dejando una amplia secuencia de terrazas rocosas o erosivas que evidencia la compleja evolución de este valle durante el Cuaternario. La cartografía geomorfológica de estas morfologías utilizando herramientas SIG y MDE de alta resolución (MDE5 CNIG), fotografías aéreas (escalas 1:33.000), mapas geológicos (1:50.000 Serie Magna), topográficos (escala 1:5.000), e históricos, además de trabajo de campo, ha permitido distinguir 24 niveles de terraza y el cauce actual, que han sido correlacionadas con el sistema de terraza del río Jarama en la Cuenca de Madrid, y con los depósitos fluviales localizados en el sistema kárstico del yacimiento Pinilla del Valle y de la Cueva del Reguerillo, en la zona de confluencia Jarama-Lozoya. En base a estas correlaciones, los niveles del Lozoya entre T1 (+200-205 m) y T15 (+62-64 m) se situarían en el Pleistoceno Inferior, entre T16 (+50-55 m) y T20 (+17-20 m) en el Pleistoceno medio, desde quizás T21 (+12-14 m) a T22 (+6-8 m) en el Pleistoceno Superior y los niveles inferiores entre T23 (+3-5 m), T24 (+1-2 m) y T25 (actual) en el Holoceno. La cartografía y reconstrucción de los niveles de base de las terrazas rocosas ha permitido modelizar la evolución cuaternaria del Valle del Lozoya., Lozoya watershed is located in a Paleozoic rocky intracratonicorogen (NE Central System, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain).Afterwards of a detailed geomorphological mapping using GIS tools and high resolution DEM data (MDE5 CNIG), aerial photos, lithologic, topographic, and historic maps and field work, has allowed to distinguish 24 levels of terraces from the current level of the Lozoya River. These terrace system has been correlated with the fluvial terrace system formation of the Jarama River (Madrid Basin). Also we have fluvial deposits located in the karstic system of the archaeological site of the Pinilla Del Valle and at the cave of Reguerillo. Based on these correlations, we settled at the Early Pleistocene 13 levels of terraces of the Lozoya River, among T1 (+200-205 m) and T15 (+62-64 m), at the Middle Pleistocene 6 levels, among T16 (+50-55 m) and T20 (+17-20 m), at the Late Pleistocene 3 levels among T21 (+12-14 m) and T22 (+6-8 m) and at the Holocene 3 levels among T23 (+3-5 m), T24 (+1-2 m) and T25 (actual). Mapping and reconstruction of the base levels of the rock terraces has allowed us the modeling of the Quaternary evolution of the Lozoya Valley., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2012

26. Origin of Late Cretaceous dolomites at the southern margin of the Central System, Madrid Province, Spain

Author: Benito, M. Isabel and Mas, José Ramón
Subjects: Petrography, España, Strontium isotopes, Central System, Stable isotope, Isótopos de estroncio, Geochemistry, Dolomitization, Late Cretaceous, Spain, Cretácico Superior, Sistema Central, Dolomitización, Geoquímica, Isótopos estables
Abstract: [EN] This study focuses on the Late Cretaceous dolomitic units situated at the southern margin of the Central System in Spain. Dolomites were petrographically studied (transmited light, cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy) and geochemically characterized (Mg/Ca ratio, ä13C, ä18O, 87Sr/86Sr) to interpret the diagenetic environment in which they precipitated and to infer the possible mechanisms for dolomitization. Our data suggest that units of the lower and middle part of the section (Caballar, Castrojimeno and Burgo de Osma Fms.), although deposited in different sedimentary environments, were simultaneously dolomitized during the initial stages of burial, via the refl ux of brines derived from the overlying Valle de Tabladillo Fm. This formation consists of interbedded evaporites and dolomicrites and/or collapsed breccias and was deposited in a coastal sabkha environment, where the unit was dolomitized during the initial stages of diagenesis., [ES] Este trabajo ha consistido en la caracterizacion petrografi ca y geoquimica de las unidades dolomiticas del Cretacico Superior que se encuentran en el borde Sur del Sistema Central, en la interpretacion del ambiente diagenetico de precipitacion de las dolomias y en la defi nicion del modelo de dolomitizacion para cada una de las unidades. El estudio petrografi co, realizado mediante microscopia convencional, catodoluminiscencia y microscopia electronica, y el estudio geoquimico elemental (relacion Mg/Ca) e isotopico (ƒÂ13C, ƒÂ18O y 87Sr/86Sr) de las dolomias sugieren que las unidades que se encuentran en la parte inferior y media de la serie (formaciones Caballar, Castrojimeno y Burgo de Osma), aunque se depositaron en ambientes sedimentarios distintos, se dolomitizaron a la vez, durante las primeras etapas del enterramiento, mediante el refl ujo de salmueras procedentes de la unidad suprayacente, la Fm. Valle de Tabladillo. La Fm. Valle de Tabladillo, por su parte, esta formada una alternancia de evaporitas y dolomias o bien por brechas de colapso y su dolomitizacion tuvo lugar durante las etapas mas tempranas de la diagenesis de acuerdo con el modelo de "gsabkha"., Funds for this study were provided by a postdoctoral fellowship to the fi rst author by the Comunidad de Madrid and the European Union and by the Ministerio de Educación y Cultura of Spanish government (projects No. PB97-0298, BTE2001-026 and BTE2002-04453- C02-02). The authors would like to thank L. Wingate, G. Herrero, B. Moral, A. Fernández, and I. Sevillano for their technical support. We also thank Kyger C. Lohmann, Agustín Martín-Algarra and Alfonso Yébenes for their reviews, which have improved this paper.
Published: 2007

27. Las superficies de erosión neógenas en la zona de transición entre la Cordillera Ibérica y el Sistema Central (Guadalajara, España)

Author: Benito-Calvo, Alfonso, Pérez González, Alfredo José, Benito-Calvo, Alfonso, and Pérez González, Alfredo José
Abstract: La cartografía geomorfológica en la zona de transición entre el Sistema Central y la Cordillera Ibérica ha permitido identificar cuatro superficies de erosión, comunes en ambos orógenos. La génesis de estas superficies está relacionada con las unidades sedimentarias cenozoicas de la Cuenca de Madrid, especialmente con los sistemas de piedemonte localizados en el borde sur del Sistema Central. La superficie SE1 enlaza con un reducido afloramientos de gravas y bloques cuarcíticos, apoyados sobre un perfil de alteración en gneises. La segunda superficie (SE2), forma parameras en la Cordillera Ibérica y pediments en el Sistema Central, que conectan con un glacis con depósitos más antiguos que la unidad ocre del Turoliense superior. Por lo tanto, esta superficie se relaciona con la Unidad Intermedia, probablemente con sedimentos del Aragoniense superior, anteriores a deformaciones de dirección NE-SO que afectan a la superficie. La tercera superficie (SE3), está deformada en menor medida y su elaboración final está asociada con un glacis (Superficie de la Mierla, 1046 msnm), cuyos depósitos se apoyan discordantes sobre dicha unidad ocre y probablemente son equivalentes al desarrollo de la Superficie Poligénica del Páramo durante el Turoliense superior-Rusciniense. La superficie más reciente (SE4), conecta con un cuarto glacis del Plioceno, donde se encajan las primeras terrazas fluviales., The geomorphological mapping in the transition zone between the Central System and the Iberian Chain has allowed us to identify four planation surfaces, commons in both orogens. The genesis of these surfaces is closely related to the Cenozoic sedimentary units of the Madrid Basin, specially to the piedmont systems located in Central System margin. The oldest surface, or SE1, is located at the same morphological level that a little outcrop of gravels and blocks, burying a weathering mantle developed in gneisses. The second planation surface (SE2), forms parameras in the Iberian Chain and pediments in the Central System, connecting with a well-preserved glacis developed on piedmont deposits older than Turolian sediments (Upper Neogene Unit). Consequently, this surface is related to the Intermediate Unit, probably with Upper Aragonian sediments, previous to the deformation processes which caused NE-SO antiforms and synforms in the surface (Guadarrama direction). The third surface is deformed in lesser degree and shows a closely association with Upper Turolian sediments. However, the current morphology of the surface is associated with a glacis (La Mierla Surface, 1046 m asl), whose deposits are overlying Upper Turolian sediments and which are probably equivalents to the development of the Páramo erosional surface during the Upper-Turolian-Ruscinian. The youngest planation surface consist mainly of facets preserved in the slope valleys and connects with a four glacis of Pliocene age, which is located over the first fluvial terraces., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2010

28. Tendencias en la precipitación, por distintos inputs, en el sector central de la Península Ibérica (1958-2008)

Author: Estrela, María J., Miró Pérez, Juan Javier, Pastor Guzman, Francisco, Millán, Millán, Estrela, María J., Miró Pérez, Juan Javier, Pastor Guzman, Francisco, and Millán, Millán
Abstract: Estudios previos llevados a cabo por el Grupo de Meteorología de la Fundación CEAM para el análisis de las tendencias de la precipitación según origen genético, han permitido detectar tendencias negativas en las precipitaciones por advecciones atlánticas y advecciones continentales septentrionales, en el Este de la Península Ibérica, durante los últimos 50 años. Estas tendencias negativas han tenido una repercusión para áreas del interior del Este de la Península Ibérica que no han tenido en el litoral, debido al mayor peso que el input ‘atlánticas’ tiene en el interior. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar si se detectan las mismas tendencias descendentes en las precipitaciones de origen atlántico en el sector central de la Península Ibérica, dado que éste es el ámbito vecino al sector más interior de la Comunidad Valenciana, área donde adquieren mayor importancia las precipitaciones de origen atlántico. Para ello se ha trabajado en dos sectores, uno al Norte del Sistema Central y otro al Sur del mismo, utilizando la misma metodología desarrollada por el Grupo de Meteorología-Climatología de desagregación sinóptica. Los resultados, no sólo confirman la hipótesis al descenso de estas precipitaciones, sino que además muestran tendencias bastante generalizadas al descenso de los totales de la precipitación, sobre todo para el sector localizado al Norte del Sistema Central (meseta Norte)., Previous papers from the CEAM Group in relation to the analysis of precipitation by meteorological origin, have permitted the detection of negative trends in the precipitation for frontal systems and continental advections (Northern) in the last 50 years. These negative trends have had important repercussions in the inland areas of the Valencia Region and not on the coast. The objective of this work is to analyze if the same decreasing trends can be detected in the precipitations from the Atlantic origin in areas of the interior of the Iberian Peninsula. In order to do that we have worked in two sectors, the North and the South of the Central System. We worked with the same methodology of desaggregation. The results not only confirm the hypothesis of precipitation decrease but show generalized trends in decreasing totals precipitations, especially in the North of the Central System.
Published: 2009

29. Relaciones estratigrafías y sintectónicas de los conglomerados miocenos de Montejo de la Vega (borde SE de la cuenca del Duero)

Author: Nozal, F. and Montes Santiago, M. J.
Subjects: Stratigraphy, Synsedimentary Tectonics, Miocene, Duero Basin, Central System
Abstract: New precisions are given about the stratigraphy and chronology of the marginal conglomerate units and their associated distal fades in the SE sector of the Duero Basin are described. The syntectonic units formed during the latest episodes of Alpine uplift (Guadarrama stage) in Honrubia anticline located in the northern border fault of the Spanish Central System
Published: 2004

30. Stratigraphy and syntectonic relationships related to the Miocene conglomerate units of the Montejo de la Vega (Southeast border of the Duero Basin)

Author: Nozal, F. and Montes Santiago, M. J.
Subjects: Stratigraphy, Synsedimentary Tectonics, Miocene, Duero Basin, Central System
Abstract: New precisions are given about the stratigraphy and chronology of the marginal conglomerate units and their associated distal fades in the SE sector of the Duero Basin are described. The syntectonic units formed during the latest episodes of Alpine uplift (Guadarrama stage) in Honrubia anticline located in the northern border fault of the Spanish Central System
Published: 2004

31. Origin of Late Cretaceous dolomites at the southern margin of the Central System, Madrid Province, Spain.

Author: Benito Moreno, María Isabel, Mas Mayoral, José Ramón, Benito Moreno, María Isabel, and Mas Mayoral, José Ramón
Abstract: Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2007

32. El glaciarismo pleistoceno del Sistema Central

Author: De Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier, Carrasco González, Rosa María, De Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier, and Carrasco González, Rosa María
Abstract: El Sistema Central Español es una montaña intraplaca, originada por la reactivación de una antigua penillanura durante la orogenia Alpina. Sus cimas alomadas tienen una altura media de 1700-1800 m, en algunos sectores 1900-2000 m y en macizos locales pueden llegar a los 2300-2500 m; se trata por tanto de una montaña media, de ambiente mediterráneo continentalizado. Exceptuando Gata-Peña de Francia, en los macizos culminante de los demás sectores aparecen morfologías glaciares bien desarrolladas. Se trató de un glaciarismo de montaña con monteras y campos de hielo en algunas cimas, y glaciares de valle, ladera y circo; en etapas tardías se desarrollaron algunos glaciares rocosos. Durante la etapa de máximo avance, algunos glaciares de valle alcanzaron varios kilómetros de longitud. Estos procesos se han asignado al Pleistoceno Superior (fase equivalente a la Würm alpina) por correlación y algunos criterios de datación relativa, y se han reconocido: un periodo de máxima extensión de los hielos, al que siguió un pequeño retroceso y la etapa mayor estabilización con el desarrollo de grandes vallums morrénicos; tras un periodo de retroceso se genera un nuevo avance de menor desarrollo y que está marcado por los complejos morrénicos internos. En ambas subetapas o estadios se produjeron varias pulsaciones que han quedado registradas por las diferentes crestas de los complejos morrénicos., The Spanish Central System is an intraplate mountain range, originated during the Alpine Orogeny which caused an uplift of a former planation surface. The rolling summits reach an average altitude of 1700 to 1800 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l.), and up 2300 to 2500 at some specific massifs. It is therefore a medium height mountain, with a continental Mediterranean climate. With the exception of the Gata-Peña de Francia areas, there are well-developed glaciated morphologies on the summits of other sectors of the Central System. These were mountain glaciers, small ice caps, and ice fields on several summits, valley slope, and cirque glaciers. During the maximum advance, some valley glaciers had a length of several kilometres. In late stages, rock glaciers were formed. Correlation and relative dating, these processes have been interpreted to have occurred in the Upper Pleistocene (equivalent phase to the Alpine Würm). There are three recognized stages: 1) a period of maximum extension of the ice; 2) followed by a small retreat and the main stabilization phase, which developed big moraine vallums, and 3) a new less developed, smaller and shorter advance. This third stage is shown by internal moraine complexes. In both sub-stages one and three, several pulses took place, indicated by the different crests of the moraine complexes., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, FALSE, pub
Published: 2006

33. Dissonance cognitive et étude de la transformation d'une représentation sociale (le cas de la politique)

Author: Bonardi, Christine and Roussiau, Nicolás
Subjects: central system, transformación de la representación social, elementos periféricos, sistema central, política, disonancia cognitiva, cognitive dissonance, transformation of social representation, peripheral elements, politics
Abstract: We aim to show that certain behavioral variables may modify a social representation (in this case, of politics). The elements of the representation (connected versus non-connected, and the number one versus number three) were manipulated in a counter-attitudinal message (cognitive dissonance). The representation was only substantially modified in the case of three non-connected, peripheral elements., Nuestro objetivo es mostrar que ciertas variables conductuales pueden modificar una representación social (en este caso, de la política). Los elementos de la representación (conectado versus no conectados, y el número uno frente al número tres) fueron manipulados en un mensaje contraproducente actitudinal (disonancia cognitiva). La representación se modificó sustancialmente sólo en el caso de tres no conectados, elementos periféricos.
Published: 2000

34. Inyecciones de conglomerados en el Triásico de Pálmaces de Jadraque (Guadalajara)

Author: Rodríguez Pascua, Miguel Angel, Sánchez Moya, Yolanda, Sopeña, Alfonso, Rodríguez Pascua, Miguel Angel, Sánchez Moya, Yolanda, and Sopeña, Alfonso
Abstract: Conglomerate dykes have been observed in Buntsandstenin deposits surrounding of Palmaces de Jadraque dam (Spanish Central System southeast border). Deformed sediments by liquefaction correspond to fluvial systems of mixed load rivers of gravels and sands. Conglomerate dykes have a true tectonic control. These structures have a mean trend NW-SE and another perpendicular one, are less developed. These trends are compatible with extensional process proposed by different authors for this time. Due to tectonic control as well as the associated tectonic extensional process, liquefactions trigger mechanism could be seismic., Dirección General de Educación Superior, Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2000

35. Composition of modern stream sand derived from a mixture of sedimentary and metamorphic source rocks (Henares River, Central Spain)

Author: Arribas Mocoroa, José, Critelli, Salvatore, Le Pera, Emilia, Arribas Mocoroa, José, Critelli, Salvatore, and Le Pera, Emilia
Abstract: The Henares River, central Spain, flows westward from the Iberian Range (Mesozoic sedimentary rocks) under semiarid climatic conditions. In the middle and lower reaches, the Henares River receives sediment from three tributaries (Cañamares, Bornova and Sorbe rivers) that drain the Central System (Paleozoic crystalline rocks, low-grade metamorphic rocks, and minor amounts of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks). Modern sands from the Henares River and its tributaries offer an excellent opportunity to evaluate the importance of lithology and physiography in determining detrital modes from mixed metamorphic and sedimentary source terrain. Sand modes from the Henares River and its tributaries are quartzolithic. They plot in a restricted area on a QmFLt diagram, with low contents of feldspar and variable amounts of quartz, and carbonate, metamorphic and minor siliciclastic lithic fragments. Higher feldspar abundances in the Cañamares and Bornova stream sands are related to the erosion of gneissic rocks. By contrast, sands from Sorbe River are low in feldspar, reflecting the absence of coarse metamorphic sources. Thus, proportions of bedrock lithologies in the drainage sub-basins are the main control on detrital modes of the tributaries. In addition, slope acts on the sand productivity of source rocks. Sedimentary source rocks in the upper reaches of the three tributaries have a poor productivity in the carbonate lithic fragments (Lsc), compared with the Lsc productivity of sedimentary sources located downstream, with higher relief. The percentage of bedrock types in the source area versus petrographic indices (Lm/L, Lss/L and Lsc/L) provide a useful contrast between source and sand composition in the tributaries. Thus, the high content of metamorphic lithic grains in the lithic grain population over-represents this lithology (slate plus schist) at the source terrain. Lithic grains from sedimentary clastic sources generate few recognizable grains (Lss) in the lithic grain populati, Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2000

36. El Cretácico del borde meridional del Sistema Central: unidades litoestratigráficas y secuencias deposicionales

Author: J. Gil and A. García
Subjects: QE1-996.5, sistema central, sequence stratigraphy, estratigrafía secuencial, plataformas carbonatadas, Geology, carbonates platforms, Central System, cuñas de margen de plataforma, cretácico superior, Cretácico superior, Sistema Central, shelfmargin wedges, Upper Cretaceous
Abstract: The Central System is an alpine rejuvenation of the hercinian base of the Iberian Plateo The landward ends of the cretaceous carbonate platforms of the Iberian Basin croup out along the southern margino Near to the Iberian Range (NE), the cretaceous sediments are composed of shallow marine and litoral carbonate deposits. They grade towards the basin boundary (Central System) into a litoral and continental terrigenous facies. An important reduction southward of the thickness of the sedimentary succession is recognized. The stratigraphic record is organized in sixteen lithostratigraphic units and in nine depositional sequence, that can be correlationed with the chart of cycles global of Haq et al. The age of the studied deposits are Cenomanian to Campanian. The stacking pattern is agradational, with a onlap not very marked in the base, a truncation and an internal uncorformity in the Santonian age. The thickness and facies changing is due to sinsedimentary faults within a distensive context, that have a little vertical displacement. They are younger outward of the sedimentary basin. El Sistema Central es un rejuvenecimiento alpino del zócalo hercínico de la Placa Ibérica. En su borde meridional afloran las terminaciones hacia el continente de las plataformas carbonatadas cretácicas del Surco Ibérico. Los depósitos cretácicos, en las proximidades de la Cordillera Ibérica (NE) son carbonatados, de ambientes litorales y marinos someros; mientras que hacia el interior de la Placa Ibérica, pasan a depósitos terrígenos, de medios litorales y continentales. Hay también una importante reducción de los espesores en esa misma dirección. El registro estratigráfico se organiza en dieciséis unidades litoestratigráficas y en ocho secuencias deposicionales, que se correlacionan con la carta de ciclos globales de Haq et al. Los materiales estudiados abarcan desde el Cenomanense al Campaniense. La estructura de apilamiento es agradacional, con un onlap poco marcado en la base, una truncación y una discordancia interna en el Santoniense. Las variaciones de espesor y de facies son controladas por fracturas sinsedimentarias, en un marco distensivo. Ellas tienen poco salto y son más modernas hacia el exterior de la cuenca sedimentaria.
Published: 1996
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37. Correlación secuencial de los depósitos del Cenomanense inferior y medio del Sistema Central, Cordillera Ibérica y Cataladines

Author: Carenas, B., García-Hidalgo, J. F., García Quintana, Álvaro, Gil, J., Segura, M., and Soria, N.
Subjects: Cordillera Ibérica, Catalánides, Lithostratigraphic units, Sequential stratigraphy, Catalonian Ranges, Central System, Depositional sequences, Unidades litoestratigráficas, Estratigrafía secuencial, Secuencias deposicionales, Cenomanense, Sistema Central, Cenomanian, Iberian Ranges
Abstract: [ES] Se correlaciona detalladamente el Cenomanense inferior y medio a lo largo de una transversal Este-Oeste a la Cuenca Ibérica, desde el Sistema Central hasta las Catalánides, identificándose ocho litosomas con rango de Miembro. Se identifica un conjunto inferior terrígeno, con tres Miembros, y otro superior principalmente dolomítico en el que se distinguen cinco Miembros; se reconoce además la presencia de cuatro Capas de margas (Chera, Pinarueco, Poveda y Pozuel). Este conjunto inferior terrígeno se incluye en la Fm. Arenas de Utrillas, y el conjunto superior dolomítico en la Fm. Dolomías de Cortes de Pallás. Estos materiales corresponden a dos secuencias deposicionales de 3er orden: Una basal, solo presente en la zona central, y formada casi exclusivamente por depósitos costeros, que se interpreta en función de datos regionales como una secuencia deposicional menor de 4º. orden (parasecuencia). Y otra superior, mejor desarrollada y limitada por dos discontinuidades de extensión regional; en esta se pueden diferenciar hasta cuatro secuencias deposícionales menores, de 4.º orden (parasecuencias), formadas, a su vez, por secuencias de orden menor (5.º y 6.º) que permiten interpretar las parasecuencias en términos de Cortejos Sedimentarios, en este caso de 4º orden. La parte superior de los materiales estudiados, principalmente calcárea, se interpreta como un Cortejo Sedimentario transgresivo (TST) y de alto nivel del mar (HST), correspondiente a un ciclo eustático de 3er orden, el cual estaría compuesto por Cortejos Sedimentarios menores de bajo nivel del mar (LST), transgresivos (TST) y de alto nivel del mar (HST) de 4º orden. La parte basal, principalmente margosa, se interpreta en parte, como el Cortejo de bajo nivel del mar (LST) que corresponde al ciclo de 3º Orden descrito anteriormente y en parte, al borde de un HST de 3541 orden infrayacente, sólo representado aquí por su parte más alta y en facies mas somera., [EN] This paper deals with a detailed correlation of the Lower-Middle Cenomanian sediments along an East-West section of the Iberian Basin from the Central System to the Catalonian Ranges, where eight distinct lithosomes (Membcrs) have been distinguished. The base is composed of terrigenous sediments of the Utrillas Formation including three Members, and the marly and dolomitie Cortes de Pallás Formation, at the top, includes another five Menbers; besides four marly Beds (Chera, Pinarueco, Poveda and Pozuel) have been also distinguished. The entire succession is interpreted as composed by two 3rd order Depositional Sequences, each bounded by regional discontinuites. The basal Sequence appeas only in the central zone being composed exclusively by coastal sediments; it is interpreted as formed by a single parasequence of a Highstand System Tract (HST) weII-developed in other areas of thc basin (Maestrazgo). The upper Sequence is composed of four parasequences, being represented a Lowstand (LST), a Transgressive (TST) and a Highstand System Tracts (ItT). Parasequences are also composed of minor-order sequences (4th and Sth), whosc arrangement clearly suggest an interpretation based on System Tracts concepts; thus, there is 4th order LST, TST and HSTsuperimposed to the 3rd order Ssytems Tracts, being possible that a 4th order LST be included in a 3rd order HST., El presente trabajo ha sido realizado dentro del Proyecto nº PB9O-0086 de la D.C.l.C.Y.T. (Instituto de Geología Económica, C.S.I.C.-U.C.M., Madrid).
Published: 1994

38. Correlación secuencial de los depósitos del Cenomanense inferior y medio del Sistema Central, Cordillera Ibérica y Catalánides

Author: Segura, Manuel, Carenas, Beatriz, García Hidalgo, J.F., García, A., Soriano, N., Gil, J., Segura, Manuel, Carenas, Beatriz, García Hidalgo, J.F., García, A., Soriano, N., and Gil, J.
Abstract: Se correlaciona detalladamente el Cenomanense inferior y medio a lo largo de una transversal Este-Oeste a la Cuenca Ibérica, desde el Sistema Central hasta las Catalánides, identificándose ocho litosomas con rango de Miembro. Se identifica un conjunto inferior terrígeno, con tres Miembros, y otro superior principalmente dolomítico en el que se distinguen cinco Miembros; se reconoce además la presencia de cuatro Capas de margas (Chera, Pinarueco, Poveda y Pozuel). Este conjunto inferior terrígeno se incluye en la Fm. Arenas de Utrillas, y el conjunto superior dolomítico en la Fm. Dolomías de Cortes de Pallás. Estos materiales corresponden a dos secuencias deposicionales de 3er orden: Una basal, solo presente en la zona central, y formada casi exclusivamente por depósitos costeros, que se interpreta en función de datos regionales como una secuencia deposicional menor de 4. orden (parasecuencia). Y otra superior, mejor desarrollada y limitada por dos discontinuidades de extensión regional; en esta se pueden diferenciar hasta cuatro secuencias deposicionales menores, de 4º orden (parasecuencias), formadas, a su vez, por secuencias de orden menor (5º y 6º) que permiten interpretar las parasecuencias en términos de Cortejos Sedimentarios, en este caso de 42 orden. La parte superior de los materiales estudiados, principalmente calcárea, se interpreta como un Cortejo Sedimentario transgresivo (TST) y de alto nivel del mar (HST), correspondiente a un ciclo eustático de 3er orden, el cual estaría compuesto por Cortejos Sedimentarios menores de bajo nivel del mar (LST), transgresivos (TST) y de alto nivel del mar (HST) de 4º orden. La parte basal, principalmente margosa, se interpreta en parte, como el Cortejo de bajo nivel del mar (LST) que corresponde al ciclo de 3er Orden descrito anteriormente y en parte, al borde de un HST de 3541 orden infrayacente, sólo representado aquí por su parte más alta y en facies mas somera., This paper deals with a detailed correlation of the Lower-Middle Cenomanian sediments along an East-West section of the Iberian Basin from the Central System to the Catalonian Ranges, where eight distinct lithosomes (Membcrs) have been distinguished. The base is composed of terrigenous sediments of the Utrillas Formation including three Members, and the marly and dolomitie Cortes de Pallás Formation, at the top, includes another five Menbers; besides four marly Beds (Chera, Pinarueco, Poveda and Pozuel) have been also distinguished. The entire succession is interpreted as composed by two 3rd order Depositional Sequences, each bounded by regional discontinuites. The basal Sequence appeas only in the central zone being composed exclusively by coastal sediments; it is interpreted as formed by a single parasequence of a Highstand System Tract (HST) weII-developed in other areas of thc basin (Maestrazgo). The upper Sequence is composed of four parasequences, being represented a Lowstand (LST), a Transgressive (TST) and a Highstand System Tracts (ItT). Parasequences are also composed of minor-order sequences (4th and Sth), whosc arrangement clearly suggest an interpretation based on System Tracts concepts; thus, there is 4th order LST, TST and HSTsuperimposed to the 3rd order Ssytems Tracts, being possible that a 4th order LST be included in a 3rd order HST., D.G.l.C.Y.T. (Instituto de Geología Económica, C.S.I.C.-U.C.M., Madrid)., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 1994

39. Tendencias en la precipitación, por distintos inputs, en el sector central de la Península Ibérica (1958-2008)

Author: Millán Millán, Francisco Pastor Guzman, Javier Miró Pérez, and María José Estrela Navarro
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geografía, Meteorology, Geography, Planning and Development, lcsh:G1-922, Tendencias, Atlantic frontal systems, Central System, Desagregación de la precipitación, Peninsula, Inputs de precipitación, Sistema Central, Advecciones atlánticas, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Inputs of precipitation, Physical geography, Precipitation, Trends, lcsh:Geography (General), Disaggregate the precipitation series
Abstract: Estudios previos llevados a cabo por el Grupo de Meteorología de la Fundación CEAM para el análisis de las tendencias de la precipitación según origen genético, han permitido detectar tendencias negativas en las precipitaciones por advecciones atlánticas y advecciones continentales septentrionales, en el Este de la Península Ibérica, durante los últimos 50 años. Estas tendencias negativas han tenido una repercusión para áreas del interior del Este de la Península Ibérica que no han tenido en el litoral, debido al mayor peso que el input ‘atlánticas’ tiene en el interior. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar si se detectan las mismas tendencias descendentes en las precipitaciones de origen atlántico en el sector central de la Península Ibérica, dado que éste es el ámbito vecino al sector más interior de la Comunidad Valenciana, área donde adquieren mayor importancia las precipitaciones de origen atlántico. Para ello se ha trabajado en dos sectores, uno al Norte del Sistema Central y otro al Sur del mismo, utilizando la misma metodología desarrollada por el Grupo de Meteorología-Climatología de desagregación sinóptica. Los resultados, no sólo confirman la hipótesis al descenso de estas precipitaciones, sino que además muestran tendencias bastante generalizadas al descenso de los totales de la precipitación, sobre todo para el sector localizado al Norte del Sistema Central (meseta Norte). Previous papers from the CEAM Group in relation to the analysis of precipitation by meteorological origin, have permitted the detection of negative trends in the precipitation for frontal systems and continental advections (Northern) in the last 50 years. These negative trends have had important repercussions in the inland areas of the Valencia Region and not on the coast. The objective of this work is to analyze if the same decreasing trends can be detected in the precipitations from the Atlantic origin in areas of the interior of the Iberian Peninsula. In order to do that we have worked in two sectors, the North and the South of the Central System. We worked with the same methodology of desaggregation. The results not only confirm the hypothesis of precipitation decrease but show generalized trends in decreasing totals precipitations, especially in the North of the Central System. Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia a través de los proyectos GRACCIE (Programa CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 CSD2007-00067), NIEVA (CGL2008-04550), y por la Comisión Europea mediante el proyecto integrado CIRCE (Proj. No. 036931-2). La Fundación CEAM está financiada por la Generalitat Valenciana y Fundación Bancaja.
Published: 2009
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40. Caracterization of the graphitiyed carbonaceous matter in the Early Silurium of the Serrazyn Syncline, Central System

Author: Fernández Barrenechea, J., Rodas, M., and Arche, A.
Subjects: Anoxia, Graphite, Central System, Low-grade hetamorphism, Silurian
Abstract: The lower part of the Silurian Serrazin Slates contain an exceptional accumulation of carbonaceous matter in the Serrazín Syncline (Segovia). Low grade Hercynian metamorphism had it transformed into graphite and/or meta anthracite. Organic matter accumulated in anoxic seafloors during the Early Silurian marine transgression, probably due to upwelling and phytoplankton blooms La parte más baja de las pizarras silúricas de Serrazín contiene una increíble acumulación de materia carbonosa en el sinclinal de Serrazín, Segovia. La metamorfosis herciniana de bajo grado la transformó en grafita y/o meta antracita. La materia orgánica se acumuló en fondos marinos anóxicos durante el Silúrico temprano, probablemente por la surgencia y floraciones de fitoplancton.
Published: 1990

41. Depósitos de abanicos aluviales distales en la unidad inferior del pérmico del borde noreste del Sistema Central

Author: Pérez Mazarío, F.
Subjects: Alluvial fam, Permian, Central System
Abstract: This paper deals with the sedimentological features of the Permian lowermost lithostratigraphic unit in the northeastern edge of the Spanish Central System. Three major sequences are established. They result in a ciclicity development of alluvial fan distal facies, Este artículo trata las características sedimentológicas de la unidad inferior litoestratigráfica del Pérmico del borde noreste del Sistema Central. Se establecen tres grandes secuencias, las cuales dan como resultado un desarrollo cíclico de facies distales de abanico aluvial.
Published: 1990

42. Caracterización clastométrica de los depósitos detríticos de cabecera de arroyos en el Sistema Central: influencia de la litología del área fuente

Author: Palomares Herranz, Marta, Tortosa, A., Arribas Mocoroa, José, Palomares Herranz, Marta, Tortosa, A., and Arribas Mocoroa, José
Abstract: Se caracterizan texturalmente los depósitos detríticos actuales generados en las zonas de cabecera de arroyos que drenan macizos constituidos por una única litología (granítica, gnéisica o pizarroso-esquistosa) en el Sistema Central. Dicha caracterización se basa en el análisis de las distribuciones clastométricas realizadas a partir de intervalos de tamaños de grano comprendidos entre 5,65 mm y 0,062 mm. Las distribuciones se caracterizan por presentar una o varias poblaciones, siendo la población transportada por saltación la más importante cuantitativamente. Las poblaciones transportadas por tracción y suspensión solamente están presentes en algunas muestras. Se han podido establecer los límites que separan cada una de las poblaciones, así las poblaciones de tamaños de grano inferiores a 0,27 mm han sido transportadas en suspensión y las de tamaños superiores a 1,5 mm lo han hecho por tracción. Por otra parte mediante los parámetros estadísticos de Md, So y Sk (mediana, selección y asimetría, respectivamente) es posible diferenciar entre depósitos de origen granítico, gnéisico y pizarroso-esquistoso. Los sedimentos de origen granítico poseen una mediana de 1,49 mm, selección «moderada» (So 1,63) y asimetría, en general, hacia tamaños gruesos (Sk = 0,92). Los depósitos de origen gnéisico poseen una mediana baja (Md 1,3 mm), selección «pobre» (So = 2, 23) Y asimetría hacia tamaños finos (Sk = 1,1); mientras que los depósitos de origen pizarroso-esquistoso poseen una mediana alta (Md = 4,47 mm), selección «muy pobre» (So = 2,45) Y asimetría hacia tamaños gruesos (Sk 0,98). Como conclusiones, cabe destacar que aparte de los factores que clásicamente se han venido considerando como determinantes de la morfología de las distribuciones clastométricas de los depósitos detríticos (medio de transporte y sedimentación), la litología del área fuente incide directamente en dicha morfología en sedimentos generados bajo condiciones de corto periodo de transporte y alta energía, Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 1990

43. Tectónica y procesos metalogénicos de la zona Tamajón-Campillo de Rana. Sistema Central

Author: Vindel, E., de Vicente, G., Martínez Frías, J., and Monterrubio, S.
Subjects: lcsh:Geology, Silver Mineralizations, Tectónica, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Sistema Central, Tectonic, Central System, Mineralizaciones de plata
Abstract: The mineralogical, textural and structural features of Tamajon-Campillo de Ranas ore deposit, are studied in relation to the main silver district, (Hiendelanencina zone). The sulphides and sulphosalts have got similar chemical composition in both mineralizations and the deposition took place into the same geotectonic setting.En este trabajo se analizan las características mineralógicas. texturales y estructurales de la mineralización de Tamajón-Campillo de Ranas y su relación con el yacimiento argentífero principal (Zona de Hiendelaencina). Se establece una correlación paragenética de los sulfuros y sulfosales de ámbas zonas y se plantea una formación conjunta. dentro de un mismo encuadre geotectónico.
Published: 1987

44. Cuantificación de la deformación asociada a la falla de Berzosa (Sistema Central Español)

Author: González Casado, J.M., Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo De, González Casado, J.M., and Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo De
Abstract: En relación con la zona de cizalla dúctil de Berzosa Honrubia que actúa durante la segunda fase de deformación Hercínica, se han calculado los elipsoides de deformación finita asociados a la misma. Para el cálculo se usan los métodos de Ramsay (1967), Dunnet (1969), y Fry (1979). Los resultados muestran una variación en el tipo de elipsoide a lo largo de la traza de la zona de cizalla. En los extremos tienen valores K>l. y en la parte central de K < 1 . Estos valores se interpretan en función de la variación de la orientación entre la traza cartográfica de la falla y la dirección de transporte tectónico, localizándose los elipsoides con valores de K < 1, en la región donde la dirección de movimiento Y la traza son normales, y los elipsoides con K>l en la región donde son paralelos, In the ductil shear zone of Berzosa Honrubia, active during the Hercynic second phase, finite strain ellipsoids have been calculated. Methods of Rarnsay, Dunnet, and Fry have been used for this calculation. The results show a variation in the strain elipsoid shape through the shear zone trace. The central part hlts strain ellipsoids with K < 1 and in the edges it has ellipsoids with K> 1. Interpretation of those values is based on the variation in the orientation of the fault cartographic trace and tectonic transport direction. Ellipsoids with K < 1 are dominant in areas where the trace fault and the tectonic transport direction are normal. The values of K> 1 are located where the trace and tectonic transport direction are parallel, Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, FALSE, pub
Published: 1987

45. Estructuras distensivas y procesos metamórficos asociados en la Zona de Cizalla de Berzosa

Author: González Casado, José Manuel, Casquet Martín, César, González Casado, José Manuel, and Casquet Martín, César
Abstract: Evidence of a late-metamorphic extensionaf shear activity has been found along the central part of the Berzosa Shear Zone, as evidenced by structures. This event could be correlated with a period of regional extension, found elsewhere in the Spanish Central System., Depto. de Mineralogía y Petrología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 1988

46. Medida de la deformación de pliegues en el extremo oriental del Sistema Central español

Author: González Casado, José Manuel, Fernández Rodríguez, Carlos, González Casado, José Manuel, and Fernández Rodríguez, Carlos
Abstract: We propase an areal distribution for the second phase hercynian folds in the eastermost part of the Spanish Central System, based on their morphological charactheristics. The analysis of these data allows us to ca/cu/ate the shortening anc/. the flattening responsable for the Hercynian second phase., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 1987

47. Análisis poblacional de la fracturación tardihercínica en el sector central, del Sistema Central Ibérico

Author: Capote Del Villar, Ramón, González Casado, J.M., Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo De, Capote Del Villar, Ramón, González Casado, J.M., and Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo De
Abstract: En la región comprendida entre Cercedilla, El Espinar y Robleao de Chavela (Sistema Central), se han observado una serie de zonas de cizalla ductiles que cortan a las estructuras Hercínicas anteriores; son de dirección N80-NllOE y poseen movimientos de tipo normal. Este tipo de régimen distensivo concuerda con tipos deformacionales descritos por otros autores en el Sistema Central Español. En la misma zona están también presentes una serie de diques y fallas frágiles que corresponden a un régimen deformacional inicialmente de tipo distensión uniaxial, según N5-NlOE. Las principales direcciones de fraturación se concretan en dos familias muy próximas (N80E y NlOOE), o en una única familia según N90E. A favor de esta última dirección, y en régimen de tipo extensión uniaxial se emplazan una serie de porfidos graníticos, muy característicos del área estudiada. Debido al temprano emplazamiento de estos diques ya los planos de movimiento deducibles para unos y otros tipos de fallas, pensamos que ambos eventos han de tener una cierta relación temporal. La distensión uniaxial pasa en el tiempo, mediante aumento de las compresiones de dirección N95-NIOO E, a tectónica de tipo de desgarre. A toda esta evolución deformacional se le denomina «Etapa Malagon». Estos desgarres afectan de una manera dúctil, si bien sin recristalizaciones posteriores, a los diques de podido granítico, que aun se están emplazando. Posteriormente, y ya dentro de la tectónica netamente de tipo frágil, se produce un régimen deformacional de tipo desgarre, con dirección de compresión N50E que termina en distensión radial, que hemos denominado «Etapa Hiendelaencina». En esta fase se emplazan diques de cuarzo y baritina de direcciones N20E y N80E., In the regio n between Cercedilla, El Espinar and Robledo de Chavela (Middle Occidental Sector of the Central System) a series of ductile shear zones have be en observed that cut to the former Hercynian structures with N80-NIOO trends and having normal movement. This extensive regime agrees with other previous works. There are, in the same area, a series of dykes and brittle faults that correspond to a deformational regime with uniaxial extension (initially from N5 to NIO). The main fault trends are N80 and NlOO (or only one with N90 trend). Following this last direction a series of granitic dykes are emplaced. This dyke emplacement and the movement scheme make us think in a certain temporal relation between them. The uniaxial extension changes, with an increase of the compresive axis (N95-NlOO), to a strike-slip fault tectonics. We will call this deformational evolution, «Malagon Phase». Subsequently, and in a clear brittle tectonics, it is produced a deformational regime of strike slip type with a direction of compression of N50E, ending in a radial extension named «Hiendelaencina Phase», with emplacement of quartz and baryte dykes with N20 and N80 trends., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, FALSE, pub
Published: 1987

48. Relaciones blastesis deformación del granate en la zona de cizalla de Berzosa

Author: González Casado, José Manuel, Casquet Martín, César, González Casado, José Manuel, and Casquet Martín, César
Abstract: Deformation partitioning is responsible for the various textural and compositional features shown by garnets in the Berzosa Shear Zone. This process is time-and spacedependent across the fault., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 1987

49. Vzduchotechnika pro základní školu

Author: Rubinová, Olga, Blasinski, Petr, Hanák, Pavel, Rubinová, Olga, Blasinski, Petr, and Hanák, Pavel
Abstract: První část bakalářské práce se věnuje problematice větrání na školách. Druhá část se zabývá návrhem vzduchotechniky pro první a druhé nadzemní podlaží školského objektu. V poslední části je zpracována dokumentace těchto vzduchotechnických zařízení., The first part of the bachelor thesis deals with the issue of ventilation at schools. The second part deals with the design of air-conditioning for the first and second floor of the school buil-ding. The last part deals with the documentation of these air-conditioning equipment.

50. Řízení a správa dobíjecích stanic pro elektrická vozidla s využitím technologií LPWA.

Author: Dvořák, Radim, Mikulášek, Michal, Mačina, Martin, Dvořák, Radim, Mikulášek, Michal, and Mačina, Martin
Abstract: Bakalárska práca sa zaoberá prenosom OCPP (Open Charge Point) protokolu pomocou LPWA (Low -- Power Wide Area technologii). Na začiatku teoretickej časti je popísaný protokol OCPP, kde je kladený dôraz na bezpečnosť protokolu. Ďalej sú popísané LPWA technológie a ich parametre. V praktickej časti je predstavená komunikácia medzi OCPP klientom a OCPP serverom a popísané kľúčove prvky sprostredkovania tejto komunikácie. Ďalej sa zaoberá dokončením implementácie protokolu OCPP v jazyku Python a skompletovaním merania pomocou modulu BG77. Výsledkom praktickej časti je skompletované meranie pomocou LPWA modulu na lokalitách, ktoré sú zobrazené na vytvorenej mape. Výsledkom práce je popis nameraných hodnôt a zhodnotenie využitia LPWA technológii na prenos OCPP protokolu., The bachelor thesis deals with the transmission of OCPP (Open Charge Point) protocol using LPWA (Low -- Power Wide Area technology). At the beginning of the theoretical part is described the OCPP protocol, where the emphasis is put on the security of the protocol. Next, the LPWA technologies and their parameters are described. In the practical part, the communication between the OCPP client and the OCPP server was introduced and the key elements are described mediating this communication. It further discusses the completion of the implementation of the OCPP protocol in Python and the completion of the measurement using the BG77 module. The practical part results in a completed measurement using the LPWA module on the sites that are shown on the generated map. The result of the work is a description of the measured values and an evaluation of the use of LPWA technology for OCPP protocol transmission.

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