205 results on '"BIRLESON, P."'
Search Results
2. Child behaviour checklist classification of behaviour disorder.
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Mawdsley A., Littlefield L., Birleson P., Marriage K., Salo R., Tonge B.J., Nolan T.M., Bond L., Adler R., Mawdsley A., Littlefield L., Birleson P., Marriage K., Salo R., Tonge B.J., Nolan T.M., Bond L., and Adler R. more...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the applicability of the published clinical cut-off scores of the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) for the classification of behaviour disorders. Methodology: Child Behaviour Checklists were obtained for 1342 subjects newly referred to the six major mental health centres in Melbourne. The normative community sample of 1002 7-, 12- and 15-year-olds was drawn from a school-based asthma prevalence study. Result(s): The mean total problem T-score for the children referred to mental health centres was 67 and was above the clinical range for all age groups. Using referral to psychiatric services as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the CBCL using a cut-off of <=60, was 77.4 and 83.2%, respectively. This compares favourably with the sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 82% for the American sample. Using a cut-off scare of <=63, the sensitivity was 70.5% and the specificity was 88.6%. The referred and community samples differed with respect to socio-economic status, family structure and mothers' level of education. Fifty-two per cent of the clinically referred children lived with both parents, compared with 89% of the community sample. Conclusion(s): While there are some limitations to this study in terms of both the clinic and community sample, support is provided for the usefulness and applicability of the recommended CBCL cut-off scores in an Australian population. more...
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- 2012
Catalog
3. Should youth mental health become a specialty in its own right? No
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Birleson, P., primary
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- 2009
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4. Influencia de la depresión en la ideación suicida de los estudiantes de la selva peruana.
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Astocondor Altamirano, Jhonny Vidal, Ruiz Solsol, Luis Enrique, and Mejia, Christian R.
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Copyright of Revista Horizonte Médico is the property of Universidad de San Martin de Porres and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2019
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5. The effectiveness of social training in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a systematic review and transfer analysis.
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Nejati, Vahid, Peyvandi, Aida, Nazari, Nasim, and Abadi, Fatemeh
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AUTISM spectrum disorders ,COGNITIVE psychology ,SOCIAL interaction ,SOCIAL perception ,SOCIAL skills ,CHILDREN with autism spectrum disorders - Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impaired social communication and interactions, as well as constrained and repetitive manifestations of interests and behaviors. Various interventions at cognitive and behavioral levels aim to address impaired social communication and interaction in individuals with ASD. This study systematically explores the transferability of social training in individuals with ASD, guided by the conceptual model known as the FIELD framework (Function, Implement, Ecology, Level, and Durability). Employing the PRISMA methodology, 52 original experiments were included in the study. The transfer analysis, formulated as a conceptual meta-analysis based on the effect sizes, underscores the significant impact of variables including age, severity of autism, intervention tools, intervention intensity, intervention context, and intervention duration on the transferability of social training in individuals with ASD. The transfer of skills was particularly conspicuous among younger individuals, especially in face-to-face interventions, in contrast to digital alternatives. Moreover, cognitive interventions exhibited superior transferability compared to behavioral interventions, especially when administered with a higher intervention dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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6. Psychological Profile and Quality of Life of Patients with Alopecia Areata
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Vélez-Muñiz, Rosalía del Carmen, Peralta-Pedrero, María Luisa, Jurado-Santa Cruz, Fermín, and Morales-Sánchez, Martha Alejandra
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Alopecia areata (AA) is a nonscarring alopecia with an autoimmune etiology, unpredictable course, multiple presentations, and variable psychological distress. We conducted a cross-sectional study which included 126 patients with AA. A complete medical history was documented using the Severity Alopecia Tool (SALT) to assess the severity of the disease, and the following questionnaires were applied to the participants: the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) for adults. The Child Dermatology Life Quality Index (cDLQI) and the Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale questionnaires were applied for children. Quality of life (QoL) disturbance was detected in 77.6% of adult participants, 65.9% of them had signs of depression or anxiety, and 12.8% were at risk of committing suicide. The PSS-14 average score for adults was 24.5. QoL disturbance was detected in 76.7% of children participants, and 6.3% of them showed signs of depression with the Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale. We conclude that patients with AA could experience changes in their QoL and signs of depression, anxiety, and suicide risk, mainly in the adult population, during the course of the disease. more...
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- 2019
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7. Trends in Mental Health: A Review of the Most Influential Research on Depression in Children and Adolescents.
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Mei, Fuyu and Wang, Zhidan
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DEPRESSION in adolescence ,SERIAL publications ,PSYCHIATRY ,RESEARCH funding ,SEX distribution ,DEPRESSION in children ,AUTHORSHIP ,POPULATION geography ,CITATION analysis ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,MENTAL depression - Abstract
Background: Depression is a common mental disorder in children and adolescents, with a global prevalence of approximately 33%, severely affecting their physical, mental health, and academic performance. This study aims to identify and assess the 100 most-cited articles (T100 articles) on depression in children and adolescents. Methods: The T100 articles in the field of depression were retrieved from the SCI-E and SSCI databases. A comprehensive analysis of the T100 articles was conducted, including the number of citations, countries, journals, keywords, authors, and topics. Results: Between 1981 and 2021, T100 articles in child and adolescent depression received 423 to 3949 citations. Most articles originated from the USA, with Kovacs M as the top-ranked author. The University of Pittsburgh and Columbia University published the top two T100 articles. The T100 articles were published in 36 journals, led by AMA Psychiatry. Co-occurrence keywords analyses reveal six key foci: Pathogenesis of Depression, Treatment of MDD in Children, Early Childhood Treatment, Adolescent Depression Manifestations, Gender and Depression, and Primary Care Considerations, with pathogenesis as a future trend. Conclusions: Our research presents an exhaustive list of the most highly cited articles on depression in children and adolescents. Our findings not only underscore the significance of international cooperation but also reveal a pressing need to prioritize and bolster preventive research, particularly the development and refinement of early screening and intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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8. Estudio de validez y confiabilidad de la escala de irritabilidad: ARI (Índice de Reactividad Afectiva) en población clínica de adolescentes mexicanos.
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de la Peña Olvera, Francisco Rafael, Rodríguez Delgado, Andrés, Soto Briseño, Alejandro Irvin, and Saad Manzanera, Assad Daniel
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CRONBACH'S alpha ,STATISTICAL reliability ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,ADOLESCENT psychopathology ,PRINCIPAL components analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Psiquiatria del Nino y el Adolescente (AEPNyA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2024
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9. Appearance Comparison, Body Appreciation, and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Roles of Gender, Age, and Body-Mass Index.
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Zheng, Qinliang, Chen, Meng, Hu, Jennifer, Zhou, Ting, and Wang, Peipei
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This study aimed to examine the association between appearance comparison and adolescent depressive symptoms, the mediating role of body appreciation, and the moderating roles of gender and body-mass index (BMI) among adolescents in different age groups. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 2645 Chinese students aged 12– 16 years (44.7% girls) participated. The measurements included depressive symptoms, appearance comparison, body appreciation, weight, and height. Multigroup path analysis was used to examine the moderated mediation model. Results: Compared with boys, adolescent girls presented greater levels of appearance, which increased with age. Body appreciation mediated the association between appearance comparison and depressive symptoms in girls, whereas appearance comparison directly correlated with depressive symptoms in boys. Body appreciation decreased with increasing BMI in boys but remained relatively stable in girls. Similar patterns were observed among junior and senior high school students. Conclusion: This study underscores the significant relationship between appearance comparison and adolescent depressive symptoms, suggesting varied mechanisms based on gender and BMI levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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10. Effect of the Nature of Subsequent Environment on Oxytocin and Cortisol Secretion in Maltreated Children.
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Mizushima, Sakae G., Fujisawa, Takashi X., Shinichiro Takiguchi, Hirokazu Kumazaki, Shiho Tanaka, and Akemi Tomoda
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INSTITUTIONAL care of children ,CHILD abuse ,ABUSED children ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,OXYTOCIN - Abstract
Childhood maltreatment (CM), including abuse and neglect, is a crucial factor that distorts child development. CM is associated with alterations in numerous brain regions, and may be associated with hormonal dysregulation. This study aimed to investigate differences in secretion patterns of cortisol (CT) and oxytocin (OT) among children who experienced CM, children living in residential care facilities and in unstable environments. Among 38 maltreated children, 23 (mean age = 12.2 years, SD = 3.0) were categorized as "Settled" and 15 (mean age = 13.1 years, SD = 2.2) as "Unsettled." Twenty-six age- and gender-matched (mean age = 12.6 years, SD = 2.1), typically developing (TD) children were also included. Clinical and psychological assessments, including IQ and trauma evaluations, were conducted for all participants. Age, gender, and full-scale IQ were used as covariates in hormone analysis. Two saliva samples were collected, one on awakening and the other at bedtime. There were significant differences in the awakening CT levels of the "Unsettled" group, and in bedtime OT levels in the "Settled" group as compared with TD children, and between CM groups. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in trauma-symptomatic depression scores between the "Settled" and "Unsettled" CM group. These results suggest that CT diurnal secretions tend to be reactive to current stress rather than previous experience. OT diurnal secretions are presumably hyper-regulated for coping with the environment to survive and thrive. By measuring salivary CT/OT diurnal patterns, hormonal dysregulation of CM children living in "Settled" environments and "Unsettled" environments was indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
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11. Proposed Development and Implementation of Bullying Intervention Program on Bullied Pupils.
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Pulumbarit, Sheryll S. and Trinidad, Karen Katrina V.
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CRISIS intervention (Mental health services) ,SCHOOL bullying ,WELL-being ,BULLYING ,EXPERIMENTAL design - Abstract
School-based crisis intervention constitutes an iterative and dynamic process strategically designed to enhance the overall well-being of a school community following a crisis experience. It is an ongoing and evolving process that provides immediate support to trauma, promotes positive coping strategies, and prevents long-term psychological impairment. This research proposal endeavors to formulate and execute a comprehensive school crisis intervention program to address the well-being of bullied pupils. The primary objective is cultivating and implementing an empirically informed bullying intervention program seamlessly integrated into the school's responsive services network. Employing a program development research design incorporating qualitative and quantitative methodologies, data will be systematically collected from a cohort of 120 adolescent pupils ages 11 to 16 at schools within the De La Salle West Luzon Cluster. The outcomes of this investigation are poised to contribute significantly to establishing a standardized crisis intervention protocol in educational institutions with a specialized emphasis on addressing the pervasive issue of bullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
12. Depressive symptoms in a case series of incarcerated delinquent children and young adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury experience in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
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Saeed, Sarwar Kareem and Saeed, Ayoob Kareem
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- 2024
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13. Enhancing Emotion Regulation Skills in High-Risk Adolescents Due to the Existence of Psychopathology in the Family: Feasibility and Uncontrolled Pilot Study of a Group Intervention in a Naturalistic School Setting.
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Theodorou, Christiana, Karekla, Maria, and Panayiotou, Georgia
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- 2024
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14. Cognitive, social, and mental health functions of refugee children – screening and supportive actions at school: a study protocol.
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Lahtinen, Oskari, Kangaslampi, Samuli, Aalto, Sanni, Soosalu, Joosu, and Peltonen, Kirsi
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REFUGEE children ,HEALTH of refugees ,CHILDREN of immigrants ,IMMIGRANT children ,MENTAL health ,RESEARCH protocols - Abstract
Background: Despite a world-leading educational system, an achievement gap in educational outcomes exists between children of refugee background and native-born peers in Finland. To offer targeted support for children at schools, we need to be able to reliably assess and understand the interplay of the aspects of children's cognitive, social, and mental health functions that may explain the underachievement of refugee children. This study tests a novel research-based, universally applicable screening battery for evaluating cognitive, social, and mental health functioning of children at schools and planning supportive actions. It aims to answer research questions about a) the cognitive, social, and mental health functioning of refugee children compared with non-refugee immigrant and native-born children, b) the interplay of these different functions among refugee and other children, c) whether implementing a screening battery can inform schools in planning supportive actions for (refugee) children, and d) whether such supportive actions result in improvements in cognitive, social, and mental health functioning. Methods: Four hundred fifty children aged 10–12 will be recruited from primary schools, including 150 children of refugee background, 150 of non-refugee immigrant background, and 150 native-born Finnish children. A screening battery including tasks and questionnaires on different aspects of cognitive, social, and mental health functioning will be used to assess the children in their classrooms at the start and end of a school year. Supporting information will also be collected from parents and teachers. The information gathered will be collated into class-level feedback reports for teachers and, with parental permission, individualized reports for multiprofessional student welfare bodies, for informing supportive actions. Correlational and latent profile analyses, ANOVAs, and linear regression will be used to answer the research questions. Discussion: This study will help clarify how the interplay of cognitive, social, and mental health factors may explain underachievement at school among refugee children. It will provide evidence about the extent to which a standardized screening battery could be helpful in informing and planning supportive actions for children at schools, and whether such supportive actions can lead to positive cognitive, social, or mental health outcomes. Trial registration: The study will be preregistered on the Open Science Framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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15. Longitudinal associations between response-style strategies and abnormal eating behaviors/attitudes in adolescents: a cross-lagged panel model.
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Murayama, Yasuo, Ito, Hiroyuki, Hamada, Megumi, Takayanagi, Nobuya, Nakajima, Takahiro, Myogan, Mitsunori, and Tsujii, Masatsugu
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FOOD habits ,TEENAGER attitudes ,ADOLESCENCE ,HEALTH behavior ,MENTAL depression ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
Background: Previous studies have suggested that response-style strategies (rumination, problem-solving, and distraction) can be risk or protective factors for the development of abnormal eating behaviors/attitudes (AEB) during adolescence. However, due to limited empirical data regarding the prospective effects of these strategies on AEB, further research is needed to clarify their role in developing AEB in adolescence. Methods: This study investigated the one-year lagged effects of response-style strategies on AEB in 24,883 fourth- to eighth-grade students in Japan between 2015 and 2019 using a cross-lagged panel model. Depressive symptoms and body mass index (BMI), which are reported to relate to AEB, were also included in the analytic model. The students self-reported their levels of response-style strategies, AEB, and depressive symptoms. We also evaluated BMI based on teachers' reports. Results: We found that greater rumination significantly predicted more severe AEB in the following year among students from all grades, with small to moderate effect sizes. In addition, distraction significantly predicted more severe binge eating/purging behaviors, but with very weak small effect sizes. Problem-solving did not predict any level of AEB. Furthermore, we observed significant reciprocal relationships between response-style strategies, AEB, and depressive symptoms. Positive reciprocal associations between BMI and AEB were also found except for some intervals. Conclusions: We concluded that a decrease in rumination is critical to alleviating mental health problems, such as AEB and depressive symptoms, during adolescence. This suggests that interventions to reduce the level of rumination should be conducted in the early stages of adolescence. Trial Registration Number: Not Applicable. Plain English summary: This study examines the effects of three response styles when faced with distress—rumination, problem-solving, and distraction—on unhealthy eating behaviors. In this study, we looked at how these coping strategies are linked to unhealthy eating behaviors in 24,883 students in grades four to eight in Japan between 2015 and 2019. We checked again at year-long intervals to see if the coping strategies had any effect on the students' unhealthy eating behaviors. In addition, we considered depressive symptoms and body mass index in our analysis because these variables might also be related to unhealthy eating behaviors. We found that more rumination (i.e., a repetitive negative thinking pattern) predicted the severity of unhealthy eating behaviors and depressive symptoms in the following year across all the grades. In addition, greater depressive symptoms also contributed to an increase in unhealthy eating behaviors in the following year. Therefore, we suggest that rumination is a key factor that influences mental health during adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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16. Factors within the clinical encounter that impact upon risk assessment within child and adolescent mental health services: a rapid realist synthesis.
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Cantrell, Anna, Sworn, Katie, Chambers, Duncan, Booth, Andrew, Buck, Elizabeth Taylor, and Weich, Scott
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- 2024
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17. Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Autoevaluación de la Depresión–Revisada (EAED–R).
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Marín-Gutiérrez, Mauricio, Avalos-Tejeda, Marcelo, Palominos-Urquieta, Diego, Bastián ValleKendall, Rodolfo, and Pinto-Cortez, Cristián
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Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Diagncstico y Evaluacicn Psicolcgica is the property of Asociacion Iberoamericana de Diagnostico y Evaluacion Psicologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2024
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18. Risk and Protective Factors of Depression in Family and School Domains for Chinese Early Adolescents: An Association Rule Mining Approach.
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Wang, Chen, Zhou, Ting, Fu, Lin, Xie, Dong, Qi, Huiying, and Huang, Zheng
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ASSOCIATION rule mining ,CHINESE people ,DEPRESSION in adolescence ,SCHOOL children ,FAMILY relations ,SCHOOL failure - Abstract
Depression is one of the most common psychological problems in adolescence. Familial and school-related factors are closely related to adolescents' depression, but their combined effects need further examination. The purpose of this study was to explore the combined effects of risk/protective factors of depression in family and school domains using a sample of Chinese adolescents differing in gender, age group and left-behind status. A total of 2455 Chinese students in primary and secondary school participated in the cross-sectional survey and reported multiple risk/protective factors in family and school environments and depressive symptoms. Association rule mining, a machine learning method, was used in the data analyses to identify the correlation between risk/protective factor combinations and depression. We found that (1) Family cohesion, family conflict, peer support, and teacher support emerged as the strongest factors associated with adolescent depression; (2) The combination of these aforementioned factors further strengthened their association with depression; (3) Female gender, middle school students, and family socioeconomic disadvantages attenuated the protective effects of positive relational factors while exacerbating the deleterious effects of negative relational factors; (4) For individuals at risk, lack of mental health education resources at school intensified the negative impact; (5) The risk and protective factors of depression varied according to gender, age stage and left-behind status. In conclusion, the findings shed light on the identification of high-risk adolescents for depression and underscore the importance of tailored programs targeting specific subgroups based on gender, age, or left-behind status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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19. The Co-Occurrence of Conduct Problems and Depressive Symptoms From Childhood to Adulthood for Men: Stability Over Time and Prediction to Substance Use.
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Capaldi, Deborah M, Tiberio, Stacey S, Kerr, David CR, and Owen, Lee D
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MENTAL depression risk factors ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,PSYCHOLOGY of men ,PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability ,REGRESSION analysis ,BEHAVIOR disorders ,RISK assessment ,SOCIAL disabilities ,COMORBIDITY ,DISEASE risk factors ,CHILDREN ,ADULTS ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
The dual pathway hypothesis of risk for substance use was tested by examining risk from symptoms of conduct problems and depressive symptoms in adolescence (from ages 10-11 to 17-18 years) to substance use—including tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and other illicit drugs—in both early adulthood (approximately from ages 20 to 29 years) and middle adulthood (approximately from ages 29 to 38 years). Hypotheses were tested on a sample of boys who were at risk for conduct problems by virtue of the neighborhoods where they lived in childhood (the Oregon Youth Study; N = 206 at Wave 1). Dual-trajectory modeling (Latent Class Analysis) resulted in a 3-group solution of high, moderate, and low co-occurring symptoms. The latent class of boys with co-occurring symptoms in adolescence showed higher levels of substance use in adulthood; namely, higher levels of cannabis and illicit substance use during early adulthood compared to either of the moderate or low symptom classes, and higher use of cannabis in midadulthood than the low symptom class. Those with co-occurring symptoms also showed, overall, higher vulnerability to use of tobacco in these 2 periods, but not to higher use of alcohol. Regression analyses indicated that the higher substance use of the co-occur group of men was related to their adolescent conduct problems, but was not related to their adolescent depressive symptoms; however, these associations were nonsignificant when adolescent use of the respective substances were included in the models. Thus, the dual-trajectory hypothesis was not supported. However, the findings indicated that, as assessed in the present study, the psychopathology symptoms of boys with conduct problems in adolescence who show risk for later substance use may be complex, involving depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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20. Transmit Radiant Individuality to Offspring (TRIO) study: investigating intergenerational transmission effects on brain development.
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Izumi Matsudaira, Ryo Yamaguchi, and Yasuyuki Taki
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NEURAL development ,NEUROBIOLOGY ,BIRTHMOTHERS ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,BIRTHFATHERS ,INDIVIDUALITY ,PATERNAL age effect - Abstract
Intergenerational transmission is a crucial aspect of human development. Although prior studies have demonstrated the continuity of psychopathology and maladaptive upbringing environments between parents and offspring, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. We have begun a novel neuroimaging research project, the Transmit Radiant Individuality to Offspring (TRIO) study, which focuses on biological parent-offspring trios. The participants of the TRIO study were Japanese parent-offspring trios consisting of offspring aged 10-40 and their biological mother and father. Structural and functional brain images of all participants were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Saliva samples were collected for DNA analysis. We obtained psychosocial information, such as intelligence, mental health problems, personality traits, and experiences during the developmental period from each parent and offspring in the same manner as much as possible. By April 2023, we completed data acquisition from 174 trios consisting of fathers, mothers, and offspring. The target sample size was 310 trios. However, we plan to conduct genetic and epigenetic analyses, and the sample size is expected to be expanded further while developing this project into a multi-site collaborative study in the future. The TRIO study can challenge the elucidation of the mechanism of intergenerational transmission effects on human development by collecting diverse information from parents and offspring at the molecular, neural, and behavioral levels. Our study provides interdisciplinary insights into how individuals' lives are involved in the construction of the lives of their descendants in the subsequent generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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21. Short Video-Based Mental Health Intervention for Depressive Symptoms in Junior High School Students: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Yang, Yuting, Wang, Hao, Sha, Wen, Guo, Xiaoqin, Deng, Wei, Wang, Jingyi, and Fu, Chaowei
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Purpose: Digital interventions for adolescent mental health are emerging in high-income countries, but have faced challenges and are scarce in China. This study investigated the effect of a short video-based mental health intervention on depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.Methods: A three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in four junior high schools in Shanghai from December 2020 to December 2021 with the measurement at baseline, 6 months after study entry, and 12 months. Outcomes were collected by self-completed questionnaires administered by teachers masked to allocation. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms assessed by the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (DSRSC). Mixed effects models were used to compare psychologist-led intervention (n=428 students) and teacher-led intervention (n=385) including six short video-based sessions to usual school provision (n=751).Results: Using intention-to-treat analyses, psychologist-led intervention showed more reduction in depressive symptoms compared to usual school provision at 6 months (coefficient − 1.00, 95% CI − 1.94 to − 0.05), but not at 12 months. Using per-protocol analyses among participants who watched at least three video episodes, both psychologist-led (− 1.14, − 2.20 to − 0.09) and teacher-led intervention (− 1.23, − 2.45 to − 0.02) reduced depressive symptoms compared to usual school provision at 6 months, and the effect of teacher-led intervention persisted at 12 months (− 1.58, − 3.13 to − 0.03). Further exploration found that compared with urban students, the between-group differences for depressive symptoms in rural students were more significant (p< 0.05 for interaction) and the effects were maintained at 12 months.Conclusion: The short video-based mental health intervention showed potential to reduce depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents, and the effects were more significant if the minimum video viewing frequency was reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
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22. Knowledge and attitudes about conduct disorder of professionals working with young people: The influence of occupation and direct and indirect experience.
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Pinchess, Chloe, Pauli, Ruth, and Tully, John
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YOUNG adults ,CONDUCT disorders in children ,PROFESSIONALISM ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,CHILDHOOD attitudes - Abstract
Background: Knowledge and attitudes of professionals both pose a potential barrier to diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. However, knowledge and attitudes about conduct disorder in professionals working with young people are poorly understood. Little is known about the impact of occupation, direct and indirect (training and education) experience, or the interrelationship between knowledge and attitudes. Methods: We conducted an online survey of 58 participants, including Psychology Staff, Teaching Staff, Care Staff, and Other Non-Clinical Staff. A questionnaire comprising three subscales (causes, treatments, and characteristics) measured knowledge. A thermometer scale measured global attitudes. Open-ended response measures were used to measure four attitude components: stereotypic beliefs (about characteristics), symbolic beliefs (about the holder's traditions), affect, and past behaviour. Primary analysis explored the impact of occupation, direct experience, and indirect experience on outcome measures. A secondary exploratory analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between knowledge and attitudes. Results: Psychology Staff had significantly more favourable global attitudes (F = 0.49, p = 0.01) and symbolic beliefs (F = 0.57, p = 0.02) towards those with conduct disorder than Teaching Staff; there were no other significant group differences in attitudes. Psychology staff had more knowledge about conduct disorder than other groups, though the differences were not significant. Direct and indirect experience were associated with greater knowledge (direct: d = 0.97, p = 0.002; indirect d = 0.86, p = 0.004) and favourable global attitudes (direct: d = 1.12, p < 0.001; indirect: d = 0.68, p = 0.02). Secondary exploratory analyses revealed significant positive correlations between: all knowledge variables with global attitudes; total knowledge with past behaviour; and affect and knowledge of causes with past behaviour. Conclusions: Psychology-based staff may have more favourable attitudes towards children with conduct disorder than teachers, primarily due to direct and indirect experience with the disorder. Our sample may have been too small to detect overall or within-group effects of knowledge or attitudes, however exploratory analyses showing a positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes suggest education may be critical in supporting teachers and other groups in their approaches to this challenging group of young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
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23. Cognitive behavior therapy for autistic adolescents, awareness and care for my autistic traits program: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
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Oshima, Fumiyo, Mandy, William, Seto, Mikuko, Hongo, Minako, Tsuchiyagaito, Aki, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Sutoh, Chihiro, Guan, Siqing, Nitta, Yusuke, Ozawa, Yoshihito, Kawasaki, Yohei, Ohtani, Toshiyuki, Masuya, Jiro, Takahashi, Noriko, Sato, Noriyuki, Nakamura, Shizuka, Nakagawa, Akiko, and Shimizu, Eiji more...
- Abstract
Background: Autistic people demonstrate focused interests, sensitivity to sensory stimulation, and, compared with the general population, differences in social communication and interaction. We examined whether a combination of the Awareness and Care for My Autistic Traits (ACAT) program and treatment-as-usual is more effective than only treatment-as-usual in increasing the understanding of autistic attributes, reducing treatment stigma, and improving mental health and social adaptation among autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians. Methods: Forty-nine adolescents and their parents/guardians were randomly assigned to either a combination of ACAT and treatment-as-usual or only treatment-as-usual. The combined group received six weekly 100-minute ACAT sessions, while the treatment-as-usual group received no additional intervention. The primary outcome was the change in understanding of autistic attributes (Autism Knowledge Quiz-Child), administered from pre- to post-intervention. The secondary outcomes included the change in Autism Knowledge Quiz-Parent, reduced treatment stigma, and improved mental health and social adaptation among autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians. A primary outcome measure scale was scored by assessors who were blind to the group assignment. Results: The combined group (both autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians) showed an increase in Autism Knowledge Quiz scores compared to those in the treatment-as-usual group. Autistic adolescents in the combined group also demonstrated a decrease in treatment-related stigma and an improvement in general mental health compared to those in the treatment-as-usual group, while there were no group differences in the change in social adaptation. For parents/guardians, there were no group differences in the change in treatment-related stigma, general mental health, adaptive skills, or attitudes toward their children. Conclusions: The ACAT program could be an effective treatment modality to increase the understanding of autistic attributes among both autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians. The ACAT program positively affects self-understanding, reduces treatment stigma, and stabilizes behavioral issues for autistic adolescents as a part of mental health measures, but it does not effectively reduce treatment barriers or improve mental health for parents/guardians. Further research should consider whether additional support for parents/guardians could be beneficial. Trial registration: : The study was registered in UMIN (UMIN000029851, 06/01/2018). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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24. Machine learning techniques for identifying mental health risk factor associated with schoolchildren cognitive ability living in politically violent environments.
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Qasrawi, Radwan, Polo, Stephanny Vicuna, Khader, Rami Abu, Al-Halawa, Diala Abu, Hallaq, Sameh, Halaweh, Nael Abu, and Abdeen, Ziad
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MENTAL health ,COGNITIVE ability ,MACHINE learning ,SCHOOL children ,POLITICAL violence - Abstract
Introduction: Mental health and cognitive development are critical aspects of a child's overall well-being; they can be particularly challenging for children living in politically violent environments. Children in conflict areas face a range of stressors, including exposure to violence, insecurity, and displacement, which can have a profound impact on their mental health and cognitive development. Methods: This study examines the impact of living in politically violent environments on the mental health and cognitive development of children. The analysis was conducted using machine learning techniques on the 2014 health behavior school children dataset, consisting of 6373 schoolchildren aged 10-15 from public and United Nations Relief and Works Agency schools in Palestine. The dataset included 31 features related to socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, mental health, exposure to political violence, social support, and cognitive ability. The data was balanced and weighted by gender and age. Results: This study examines the impact of living in politically violent environments on the mental health and cognitive development of children. The analysis was conducted using machine learning techniques on the 2014 health behavior school children dataset, consisting of 6373 schoolchildren aged 10-15 from public and United Nations Relief and Works Agency schools in Palestine. The dataset included 31 features related to socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, mental health, exposure to political violence, social support, and cognitive ability. The data was balanced and weighted by gender and age. Discussion: The findings can inform evidence-based strategies for preventing and mitigating the detrimental effects of political violence on individuals and communities, highlighting the importance of addressing the needs of children in conflict-affected areas and the potential of using technology to improve their well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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25. Transitions in mental health and addiction care for youth and their families: a scoping review of needs, barriers, and facilitators.
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Markoulakis, Roula, Cader, Hinaya, Chan, Samantha, Kodeeswaran, Sugy, Addison, Tracey, Walsh, Cathy, Cheung, Amy, Charles, Jocelyn, Sur, Deepy, Scarpitti, Michael, Willis, David, and Levitt, Anthony
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MENTAL health services ,FAMILIES ,THEMATIC analysis ,FAMILY roles ,DATA extraction - Abstract
Introduction: Transitional-aged youth (TAY) with mental health and/or addictions (MHA) concerns and their families experience significant challenges finding, accessing, and transitioning through needed MHA care. To develop appropriate supports that assist TAY and their families in navigating MHA care, their experiences of transitions in the MHA care system must be better understood. This scoping review identifies and explores the needs, barriers, and facilitators for TAY and their families when transitioning through MHA care. Methods: This scoping review commenced with a search of five relevant databases. Three research team members were involved in title, abstract, and full-text scanning and data extraction. Sources focusing on TAY anywhere between the ages of 12–29 years and meeting the study objectives were included. Extractions compiled background and narrative information about the nature and extent of the data. Analysis and synthesis of findings involved numerical description of the general information extracted (e.g., numbers of sources by country) and thematic analysis of narrative information extracted (e.g., family involvement in TAY help-seeking). Results: A total of 5894 sources were identified. Following title and abstract scanning, 1037 sources remained for full-text review. A total of 66 sources were extracted. Findings include background information about extracted sources, in addition to five themes that emerged pertaining to barriers and facilitators to access and transitions through care and the needs and roles of TAY and families in supporting help-seeking and care transitions: holistic supports, proactive preparation, empowering TAY and families, collaborative relationships, and systemic considerations. These five themes demonstrate approaches to care that can ensure TAY and families' needs are met, barriers are mitigated, and facilitators are enhanced. Conclusion: This review provides essential contextual information regarding TAY with MHA concerns and their families' needs when seeking care. Such findings lend to an enhanced understanding of how MHA programs can support this population's needs, involve family members as appropriate, reduce the barriers experienced, and work to build upon existing facilitators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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26. Promoting Recovery from Disasters, Pandemics, and Trauma: A Systematic Review of Brief Psychological Interventions to Reduce Distress in Adults, Children, and Adolescents.
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Lotzin, Annett, Franc de Pommereau, Alicia, and Laskowsky, Isabelle
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- 2023
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27. Role of innate and acquired resilience in behavioral system, mental health, and internet addiction among Japanese adolescents in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Takahiro Kubo, Akihiro Masuyama, and Daichi Sugawara
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INTERNET addiction ,JAPANESE people ,MENTAL health ,COVID-19 pandemic ,RESPONSE inhibition - Abstract
Background. This study examines mediation models in which behavioral inhibition and activation systems (BIS/BAS) impact internet addiction through mental health and the moderating roles of innate and acquired resilience in the models. Methods. The data set used in this study was a cross-sectional survey among 952 adolescents in July 2021. Internet Addiction Test, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, BIS/BAS scales, and Depression Self-Rating Scale were used for analysis. After controlling for gender, the mediation and moderated mediation models were examined. Results. The results revealed that depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between BIS and internet addiction and between BAS-fun-seeking (BAS-FS) and internet addiction. Innate and acquired resilience moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and internet addiction. The indirect effect of innate and acquired resilience on internet addiction via depressive symptoms was statistically significant in both low and high innate and acquired resilience. The results of conditional indirect effect analysis indicated that the depressive symptoms-internet addiction association decreased with the increase of innate or acquired resilience level. Discussion. Our results suggested that depression symptoms played a significant mediation role in the relationships between BIS/BAS and internet addiction, and higher innate and acquired resilience was associated with a reduced risk of internet addiction. BIS/BAS may be a risk for internet dependence via mental health, and innate and acquired resilience appears to serve as a protective factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2023
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28. Profil sociodémographique et clinique d'une population de consultants dans un service de psychiatrie d'un hôpital général au Sud tunisien.
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Mejdoub, Yosra, Ben Jmaa, Maissa, Abbes, Wafa, Abbes, Mouna, Yaich, Sourour, Mdhaffar, Khaoula, Damak, Jamel, Hassen, Houssem, Trablesi, Jihene, and Ghanmi, Latifa
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NOSOLOGY ,INTELLECTUAL disabilities ,MENTAL illness ,MIDDLE-aged persons ,MENTAL depression - Abstract
Copyright of Pan African Medical Journal is the property of Pan African Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2023
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29. Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Mental Health Interventions Delivered by Frontline Health Care Workers in Emergency Health Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Peng, Min, Xiao, Tao, Carter, Ben, Chen, Pan, and Shearer, James
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- 2022
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30. Mental health screening and assessment tools for forcibly displaced children: a systematic review.
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Verhagen, Ilse L., Noom, Marc J., Lindauer, Ramón J. L., Daams, Joost G., and Hein, Irma M.
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REFUGEE children ,MENTAL health screening ,PATIENT reported outcome measures ,LIFE change events ,MENTAL illness ,SENSATION seeking - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2022
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31. Risk factors for mental health in general population during SARS-COV2 pandemic: a systematic review.
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Biondi, Francesca, Liparoti, Marianna, Lacetera, Angelica, Sorrentino, Pierpaolo, and Minino, Roberta
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its social restrictions have affected mental health globally. This systematic review aims to analyze the psychological responses of the general population and its related sociodemographic risk factors, excluding the most vulnerable groups (e.g., healthcare workers, COVID-19 patients and survivors, pregnant women, people with chronic diseases or preexisting psychiatric disorders). A reproducible search from June 2020 to February 2021 was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar, following the PRISMA guidelines. Papers that (1) considered the most at-risk populations, (2) did not report sociodemographic data, and (3) did not use validated scales were excluded from our analysis. Non-English papers and review articles were also excluded. Of 1116 papers identified, 25 were included for this review (n = 162,465). The main risk factors associated with the emergence of depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder were: female gender, younger and later age, high level of education, Latino origin, free marital status, living quarantine in a house with no outdoor, negative coping strategies, close proximity to positive cases, high concern about contracting COVID-19 and living in a most affected area. High income, physical activity, resilience, family support, and a high level of knowledge about COVID-19, seems to be protective factors against the onset of psychological symptoms. In a general population, COVID-19 restrictions are linked to risk factors for psychological disorders caused by gender and sociodemographic conditions. In this regard governments should pay more attention to the public’s mental health and its risk and protective factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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32. Efficiency of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Anorexia Nervosa Treatment- Case Report.
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Rząd, Zuzanna, Szewczyk, Paweł, Rog, Joanna, and Karakuła-Juchnowicz, Hanna
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TRANSCRANIAL direct current stimulation ,ANOREXIA nervosa - Abstract
Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation with considerable potential as a treatment for many CNS disorders. Individuals suffering from eating disorders have elevated rates of lifetime depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder, also affecting specific brain regions. More studies assess the effect of brain modulation in anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aimed to evaluate the effect, tolerability and safety of tDCS stimulation in the patient with an AN diagnosis. Material and method: The therapy was implemented in an 18-year-old female hospitalized at the I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention Medical University of Lublin. The simulation was performed twice daily for 25 minutes for two weeks, 20 sessions. To assess a. anthropometric measures, bioelectrical impedance analysis was conducted; b. biological factors fasting venous blood was drawn; c. psychological aspects: Eating Attitudes Test, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Body Esteem Scale, Perceived Stress Scale were used. Results: The patient responded well to stimulation - apart from a mild headache. After tDCS sessions, improvement in anthropometric measurements, mood, and body self-esteem was observed. No severe changes in blood parameters were observed after the intervention. Conclusions: Described study case offer preliminary support for achieving meaningful clinical outcomes using transcranial stimulation. However, future clinical studies compared to the placebo group are necessary for proposing a new type of AN therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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33. Post-traumatic stress disorder interventions for children and adolescents affected by war in low- and middle-income countries in the Middle East: systematic review.
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Alzaghoul, Aseel F., McKinlay, Alison R., and Archer, Marc
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POST-traumatic stress disorder ,WAR victims ,LOW-income countries - Published
- 2022
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34. Assessment and Prediction of Depression and Anxiety Risk Factors in Schoolchildren: Machine Learning Techniques Performance Analysis.
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Qasrawi, Radwan, Polo, Stephanny Paola Vicuna, Abu Al-Halawa, Diala, Hallaq, Sameh, and Abdeen, Ziad
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MENTAL depression ,ANXIETY risk factors ,SCHOOL children ,MACHINE learning ,MEDICAL care ,MOBILE apps ,MOBILE health - Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety symptoms in early childhood have a major effect on children's mental health growth and cognitive development. The effect of mental health problems on cognitive development has been studied by researchers for the last 2 decades. Objective: In this paper, we sought to use machine learning techniques to predict the risk factors associated with schoolchildren's depression and anxiety. Methods: The study sample consisted of 3984 students in fifth to ninth grades, aged 10-15 years, studying at public and refugee schools in the West Bank. The data were collected using the health behaviors schoolchildren questionnaire in the 2013-2014 academic year and analyzed using machine learning to predict the risk factors associated with student mental health symptoms. We used 5 machine learning techniques (random forest [RF], neural network, decision tree, support vector machine [SVM], and naive Bayes) for prediction. Results: The results indicated that the SVM and RF models had the highest accuracy levels for depression (SVM: 92.5%; RF: 76.4%) and anxiety (SVM: 92.4%; RF: 78.6%). Thus, the SVM and RF models had the best performance in classifying and predicting the students' depression and anxiety. The results showed that school violence and bullying, home violence, academic performance, and family income were the most important factors affecting the depression and anxiety scales. Conclusions: Overall, machine learning proved to be an efficient tool for identifying and predicting the associated factors that influence student depression and anxiety. The machine learning techniques seem to be a good model for predicting abnormal depression and anxiety symptoms among schoolchildren, so the deployment of machine learning within the school information systems might facilitate the development of health prevention and intervention programs that will enhance students'mental health and cognitive development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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35. The roles of trait and process resilience in relation of BIS/BAS and depressive symptoms among adolescents.
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Akihiro Masuyama, Takahiro Kubo, Hiroki Shinkawa, and Daichi Sugawara
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MENTAL depression ,RESPONSE inhibition ,COGNITIVE therapy ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,TEENAGE girls - Abstract
Background: Extensive literature revealed the relations of depression with behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS) as vulnerability and with resilience separately. Besides, the concept of resilience is still broad and ambiguous. Thus, this study aimed to reveal the mediation of two aspects of resilience: trait and process, in the relations of BIS and BAS to depression among adolescents. Methods: The data set used in this study was a cross-sectional survey among 965 adolescents. The obtained data from the self-reported questionnaires used in this study were as below: Depression Serf-Rating Scale for Children (DSRS-C), Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Activation System Scale (BIS/BASS), and Bidimensional Resilience Scale (BRS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to verify the hypothesized relations among BIS/BAS, trait and behavior resilience, and depressive symptoms. Results: The obtained indices of fit from SEM were good or sufficient (2 = 562.911, df = 96, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.925; NFI = 0.913; RMSEA = 0.073, 90% CI [0.067, 0.079]; SRMR = 0.066). And the modeling showed that both BIS/BAS directly and indirectly influenced to depression. The indirect effects of BIS/BAS were mediated only trait resilience except the indirect effect of BIS via behavioral resilience. Discussion: Our results suggested that trait resilience played a significant mediation role in the relationships between BIS/BAS and depression. Trait but not process resilience could be considered suitable as an intervention target in line with decreasing depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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36. Vagus nerve stimulation in 15 children with therapy resistant epilepsy; its impact on cognition, quality of life, behaviour and mood.
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Hallböök, Tove, Lundgren, Johan, Stjernqvist, Karin, Blennow, Gösta, Strömblad, Lars-Göran, and Rosén, Ingmar
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VAGUS nerve ,EPILEPSY ,THERAPEUTICS ,NEURAL stimulation ,COGNITIVE ability - Abstract
Summary: Purpose:: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a neurophysiologic treatment for patients with refractory epilepsy. There is growing evidence of additional quality of life (QOL) benefits of VNS. We report the effects of VNS on seizure frequency and severity and how these changes are related to cognitive abilities, QOL, behaviour and mood in 15 children with medically refractory and for surgery not eligible epilepsy. Methods:: Initially, and after 3 and 9 months of VNS-treatment, 15 children were investigated with Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-R), Wechlser Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC-III) depending on the child''s level of functioning, a Visual Analogue Scale for validating QOL, Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) for quantifying behaviour problems, Dodrill Mood Analogue Scale and Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale, and the National Hospital Seizure Severity Scale (NHS3). A diary of seizure frequency was collected. Results:: Six of 15 children showed a 50% or more reduction in seizure frequency; one of these became seizure-free. Two children had a 25–50% seizure reduction. Two children showed increased seizure frequency. In 13 of 15 children there was an improvement in NHS3. The parents reported shorter duration of seizure and recovery phase. There were no changes in cognitive functioning. Twelve children showed an improvement in QOL. Eleven of these also improved in seizure severity and mood and five also in depressive parameters. Conclusion:: This study has shown a good anti-seizure effect of VNS, an improvement in seizure severity and in QOL and a tendency to improvement over time regarding behaviour, mood and depressive parameters. The improvement in seizure severity, QOL, behaviour, mood and depressive parameters was not related to the anti-seizure effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
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- 2005
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37. An Evaluation of the Acceptability, Appropriateness, and Utility of a Bibliotherapy for Children of Parents With a Mental Illness.
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Vetri, Kelly, Piché, Geneviève, and Villatte, Aude
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CHILDREN of people with mental illness ,PARENTS with disabilities ,CHILD psychopathology ,BIBLIOTHERAPY ,SCHOOL children ,CHILDREN'S books - Abstract
Background: Children of parents with a mental illness are at higher risk for various psychiatric problems and adaptive difficulties compared to those of parents without mental health problems. Certain preventive psychoeducational interventions target these children to promote their well-being and resilience and prevent the emergence of adaptive difficulties. However, few such interventions have been developed and evaluated specifically for elementary school-aged children of parents with a mental illness. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate an interpersonal psychotherapy-based book targeting children living with a parent with a mental illness. Methods: The study examines children, parents and psychosocial workers' perception of the acceptability, appropriateness and utility of the book. In total, 22 participants answered online open-ended questions after reading the book. Results: The book was highly appreciated and positively perceived by the families and psychosocial workers. Results suggest that children, parents and psychosocial workers viewed it as an appropriate and useful tool for supporting children with a parent with a mental illness. The present study reveals that the bibliotherapy appears well adapted to the developmental level of school-age children. Discussion: This study presents a book that shows promise for supporting the resilience of elementary school-aged children having a parent with a mental illness. Results highlight the importance of tailoring the content and modalities of interventions to the developmental level, needs and preferences of elementary school-aged children. The relevance of a collaborative method is also discussed, thus providing knowledge regarding this type of approach for the development of interventions targeting children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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38. The Brain Structural-Functional Vulnerability in Drug-Naive Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Insights From the Hippocampus.
- Author
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Weng, Yifei, Yi, Cuili, Liang, Hongyan, Lin, Kezhao, Zheng, Xiaohuang, Xiao, Jihong, and Han, Haiwei
- Subjects
JUVENILE idiopathic arthritis ,TEMPORAL lobe ,HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain) ,BLOOD sedimentation ,SPHERICAL harmonics - Abstract
Objective: Leveraging an integrative multimodal MRI paradigm to elaborate on the hippocampus-derived structural and functional changes in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to explore potential correlations within the "joint-inflammation-brain" axis during the period of central neural system (CNS) development. Methods: Twenty-one patients with JIA all completed the multimodal MRI scanning, laboratory tests, and neuropsychological assessments; meanwhile, 23 matched controls were recruited. We then harnessed the spherical harmonics with a point distribution model (SPHARM-PDM) and the ROI-to-voxel functional connectivity (FC) to measure the hippocampal shape and hippocampo-cortical FC patterns. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the potential links in neuroimaging features with disease-related indices. Results: Compared to controls, JIA patients only presented an atrophic tendency in the posterior part of the bilateral hippocampus. The hippocampo-cortical FC revealed the between-group divergences mainly located at the pain matrix, striatum, and temporal lobe. Remarkably, the enhanced FC between the right hippocampus and postcentral cortex is positively correlated with the disability index, while the weakened FC of right anterior hippocampus with right insula and that of left posterior hippocampus with left superior temporal gyrus was inversely related to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anxiety status, separately. Conclusion: As with macroscopic damages, the altered functional-connectome patterns of the hippocampus in JIA patients might be more sensitive to detect the early neuropathological changes. Moreover, the functional disturbances were demonstrated associated with the physical disability, inflammation, and emotional status. These findings may enlighten us on the underlying neuropathological mechanism of CNS comorbidities in JIA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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39. The Behavioral and Emotional Profile of Pediatric Tourette Syndrome Based on CBCL in a Chinese Sample.
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Cui, Yonghua, Chu, Jiahui, Li, Yanlin, and Li, Ying
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TOURETTE syndrome ,SYNDROMES in children ,CHILD Behavior Checklist ,MOVEMENT disorders ,NEUROBEHAVIORAL disorders ,HYPERACTIVITY - Abstract
Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder that has a unique status of a quintessentially neuropsychiatric condition at the interface of neurology (movement disorder) and psychiatry (behavioral/emotional condition). However, the behavioral and emotional profile has seemed to be neglected in the literature thus far. This study aimed to investigate the behavioral and emotional profile of TS. Methods: A total of 124 patients aged 6–16 years with TS were included in this study, including age- and sex-matched health control, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) groups. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to screen the behavioral and emotional profile of the TS and other compared groups. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) was used to assess TS tic severity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the difference between the TS and other compared groups. Results: The results showed that the eight factors of the CBCL had no association with motor tics, vocal tics, or tic severity (p > 0.05). However, positive correlations were identified between functional impairments (subscales of YGTSS) and thought problems (TP) and rule-breaking behavior (RBB). Based on the eight-factor profile of the CBCL, TS showed a similar profile to MDD but different from ADHD and OCD, which showed similar profiles. Conclusions: Based on the assessment of the CBCL of TS, it was found that "pure" TS might show fewer behavioral and emotional problems than OCD, ADHD, and MDD. Similar behavioral and emotional profiles were identified between TS and MDD, but not OCD and ADHD. More attention needs to be paid to the thought problems and rule break problems in the CBCL in the screening stage, which might have a potential influence on the functional impairments of TS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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40. Evaluating the effectiveness of a transdiagnostic universal prevention program for both internalizing and externalizing problems in children: two feasibility studies.
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Kishida, Kohei, Hida, Noriko, and Ishikawa, Shin-ichi
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SCHOOL children ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,MENTAL health personnel ,FEASIBILITY studies ,TEACHERS - Abstract
Background: The present study examined the effectiveness of the Universal Unified Prevention Program for Diverse Disorders (Up2-D2) for internalizing and externalizing problems for children aged 9–11 years. Methods: We used two feasibility studies. The Up2-D2 entailed 12 sessions delivered by teachers; each session was developed based on cognitive-behavioral and positive psychological interventions. In Studies 1 and 2, 58 elementary school children aged 9–11 and 73 elementary school children aged 10–11 attended the Up2-D2. The teachers in Study 1 received 1.5 h of on-site teacher training for learning rationales for interventions, how to run the program, and received ongoing supervision by professionals with mental health expertise. In contrast, the teachers in Study 2 were given self-learning DVD materials in place of on-site training and ongoing supervision. Results: Mixed models revealed that general difficulties, which is total score of both internalizing and externalizing problems, decreased in Study 1 but not in Study 2. Additional analyses for children with subclinical general difficulties revealed that general difficulties, internalizing problems, and externalizing problems decreased in Study 1, whereas in Study 2, general difficulties and internalizing problems decreased, except for externalizing problems. Conclusions: These results suggest that on-site teacher training and ongoing supervision are imperative for improving general difficulties in children at a universal level. In addition, universal preventive interventions by classroom teachers without on-site training and continuous supervision might be efficacious for reducing general difficulties and internalizing problems for children with subclinical difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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41. Internet addiction patterns of rural Chinese adolescents: Longitudinal predictive effects on depressive symptoms and problem behaviors.
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Sun, Yadong, Shao, JingJin, Li, Jiamei, and Jiang, Yue
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INTERNET addiction ,CHINESE people ,MENTAL depression ,VIDEO games ,H7N9 Influenza - Abstract
Few studies have systematically investigated the internal heterogeneity of internet addiction to determine the longitudinal predictive effects on depressive symptoms and problem behaviors, especially among the rural adolescents. Via two waves of data collection, this study conducted a survey among 1,194 rural adolescents in China (M
age = 14.53, SD = 0.72). A latent profile analysis was conducted to explore the various patterns of behaviors and influential factors of internet addiction. These results were then used to predict the probability of depressive symptoms and problem behaviors. The findings are as follows: (1) According to the behavioral patterns uncovered, internet addiction among rural adolescents can be divided into four subgroups: normal internet use (41%), low internet addiction (39%), high internet addiction (9%), and overuse of online games (11%). (2) The distribution of internet addiction patterns among rural adolescents were significantly correlated with gender, deviant peer affiliation, and parental alienation. (3) Adolescents in the high internet addiction and overuse of online game categories generally had more depressive symptoms and problem behaviors than those in the normal-use category. These findings indicate considerable heterogeneity in internet addiction among rural adolescents in China. Specifically, gender, deviant peer affiliation, and parental alienation are the risk factors for the internet-addiction profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
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42. The Mental Health Impacts of COVID-19 on PK–12 Students: A Systematic Review of Emerging Literature.
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Naff, David, Williams, Shenita, Furman-Darby, Jenna, and Yeung, Melissa
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- 2022
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43. The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders Among Japanese Children: A Pilot Study.
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Fujisato, Hiroko, Kato, Noriko, Namatame, Hikari, Ito, Masaya, Usami, Masahide, Nomura, Tomoko, Ninomiya, Shuzo, and Horikoshi, Masaru
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JAPANESE people ,COGNITIVE therapy ,MENTAL depression ,FUNCTIONAL status ,MEDICAL protocols - Abstract
At present, there is no established cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating emotional disorders in Japanese children. Therefore, we introduced the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children (UP-C) in Japan and adapted it to the Japanese context. We then examined its feasibility and preliminary efficacy using a single-arm pretest, posttest, follow-up design. Seventeen Japanese children aged between 8 and 12 years (female n = 11; male n = 6; M = 10.06 ± 0.97 years) with a principal diagnosis of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, or depressive disorders, and their parents were enrolled in the study. The primary outcome was the overall severity of emotional disorders as assessed by psychiatrists using the Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale. Secondary outcomes included child- and parent-reported anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and functional status. No severe adverse events were observed. The feasibility was confirmed by the low dropout proportion (11.76%), high attendance proportion (children: 95.6%; parents: 94.6%), and sufficient participant satisfaction. Linear mixed models (LMMs) showed that the overall severity of emotional disorders and child- and parent-reported anxiety symptoms improved from pre-treatment to post-treatment, and that these treatment effects were maintained during the 3-month follow-up period. Additionally, child- and parent-reported functional status improved from pre-treatment to the 3-month follow-up. In contrast, child-reported depressive symptoms improved from pre-treatment to follow-up, but there was no significant change in parent-reported depressive symptoms between pre-treatment and other time points. These findings demonstrate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the Japanese version of the UP-C, suggesting that future randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are warranted (Clinical trial registration: UMIN000026911). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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44. A multi-modal MRI analysis of brain structure and function in relation to OXT methylation in maltreated children and adolescents.
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Nishitani, Shota, Fujisawa, Takashi X., Hiraoka, Daiki, Makita, Kai, Takiguchi, Shinichiro, Hamamura, Shoko, Yao, Akiko, Shimada, Koji, Smith, Alicia K., and Tomoda, Akemi
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- 2021
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45. The association of different parenting styles among depressed parents and their offspring's depression and anxiety: a cross-sectional study.
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Wang, Yanrong, Shi, Honglan, Wang, Yuan, Zhang, Xuan, Wang, Juan, Sun, Yaoyao, Wang, Jianwen, Sun, Jiwei, and Cao, Fenglin
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PARENTS ,APATHY ,MENTAL depression ,PARENTING ,CHILD development ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Background: Parenting styles play a critical role in children's development, especially for those in families with a depressed parent. To date, no study has explored whether youth perceptions of parenting style are heterogeneous in families with a depressed parent or whether heterogeneous parenting styles are associated with children's internalizing symptoms. Methods: Participants were children aged 8–16 years who had a parent with major depressive disorder; they were enrolled through their parents, who were outpatients at two hospitals in Ningxia. Parenting styles were measured using the Parental Bonding Instrument. Youth depression and anxiety were measured using the Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children and the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders, respectively. We applied latent profile analysis to identify the subtypes of parenting styles with similar patterns. Differences between subtypes in relation to demographic variables and parenting style scores were calculated using one-way ANOVAs, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, and chi-squared tests. Bivariate logistic analyses were conducted to examine the associations between parental bonding subtypes and children's depression and anxiety. Results: Four parenting styles were identified through latent profile analysis: care-autonomy, overprotection-indifference, indifference, and undifferentiated parenting. Youth with care-autonomy parents had a lower risk of depression (OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06–0.41) and anxiety (OR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.10–0.48), while indifference parenting increased children's risk of depression (OR: 5.29; 95% CI: 1.30–21.54) more than undifferentiated parenting. Conclusions: Children with a depressed parent had heterogeneous perceptions of parenting styles. Mothers' and fathers' parenting styles were largely congruent. Care-autonomy parenting (high care and high autonomy) may decrease children's risk of depression, whereas indifference parenting (low care and autonomy) may increase their risk of depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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46. Anxiety and depression in school-age patients with spinal muscular atrophy: a cross-sectional study.
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Yao, Mei, Xia, Yu, Feng, Yijie, Ma, Ying, Hong, Yi, Zhang, Yanyi, Chen, Jie, Yuan, Changzheng, and Mao, Shanshan
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MENTAL depression ,SPINAL muscular atrophy ,ANXIETY ,DRUG accessibility ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neurogenetic disease which involves multisystem dysfunctions such as respiratory, digestive, and motor disorders. Anxiety, depression and other psychological disorders often accompany severe chronic physical diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression along with their influencing factors among school-age patients with SMA.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on school-age SMA patients in China. Patients aged 8-18 years with a genetic diagnosis of 5qSMA were invited to answer a questionnaire composed of sociodemographic and clinical questions, then to complete the Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders and Depression Self-Rating Scale for depression and anxiety level evaluation. At the end of the questionnaire, further questions assessed the subjective anxiety and subjective depression of patients' caregivers and their expectations for their child's future.Results: Complete data were available for 155 patients. The sample included 45.8% boys and 54.2% girls; 65.2% were type II, 27.1% were type III, and the remainder were type I SMA. Rates of anxiety and depression in these school-age SMA patients were 40.0% and 25.2%, respectively. Gender, age, and disease type were not associated with anxiety or depression, but respiratory system dysfunction, digestive system dysfunction, skeletal deformity, rehabilitation exercise, academic delay, specialized support from school, household income level, caregivers' subjective anxiety, and caregivers' expectations were significantly related to both anxiety and depression.Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of anxiety and depression in school-age SMA patients in China. Professional psychological care maybe included in the standard of care. These results also call for possible targets for intervention such as reducing complications, improving drug accessibility, retaining normal schooling, strengthening school support, and enhancing the ability of the caregivers of SMA patients to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, so improving the mental health of SMA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2021
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47. Factors Influencing the Implementation of Patient Navigation Programs for Adults with Complex Needs: A Scoping Review of the Literature.
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Kokorelias, Kristina M, Shiers-Hanley, Jessica E, Rios, Jorge, Knoepfli, Amanda, and Hitzig, Sander L
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Patient navigation is a model of care that aims to improve access to care by reducing the complexity of navigating health, education, and social services across the continuum of care and care settings. Little is known about the processes that facilitate or impede the implementation of patient navigation programs (PNPs). We conducted a scoping review to identify and summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the implementation and outcomes of existing implemented PNPs. We employed a 6-stage scoping review framework to identify and review eligible articles. Sixty-articles met the inclusion criteria (58 peer-reviewed and 2 grey literature). The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research served as the theoretical framework during analysis to help extract factors relevant to implementation of navigator programs. Results of the scoping review are reported thematically. Influences on implementation were identified: (a) planning to ensure alignment with organizational need (b) funding (c) multidisciplinary engagement (d) establishing workflow (e) mechanisms for communication (f) stakeholders to encourage buy-in (g) appropriate caseload (h) in kind resources. PNPs improve the experiences of patients and families. The findings of this scoping review provides implementation considerations of PNPs across global care settings. Strategies for overcoming pragmatic and logistical issues must be developed for optimal implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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48. The Association of Mental Health Problems With Preventive Behavior and Caregivers' Anxiety About COVID-19 in Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
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Suzuki, Kota and Hiratani, Michio
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COVID-19 ,MENTAL health ,ASSOCIATION of ideas ,CAREGIVERS ,ANXIETY ,FEAR - Abstract
We examined the association of mental health problems with preventive behavior and caregivers' anxiety in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and their caregivers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Data were obtained from 227 pairs of children with NDD and their caregivers in a clinic in Fukui Prefecture, Japan, from October 1 to December 31, 2020. During this period, the activities of children and caregivers were not strongly restricted by the public system. Caregivers' anxiety about children's activities was positively associated with caregivers' and children's fears of COVID-19 and children's depressive symptoms. Children's preventive behavior was negatively associated with children's depressive symptoms. These findings suggested that caregivers' fear of COVID-19 stemmed from worry about the relationship between children's activity and COVID-19 infection, and children might have reflected caregivers' expressions of concern. In schools and clinics, practitioners educate children on how to engage in preventive behavior against COVID-19. Our results support the effectiveness of such practices in mitigating mental health problems in children with NDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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49. Symptom measures in pediatric narcolepsy patients: a review.
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Ouyang, Hui, Gao, Xuguang, and Zhang, Jun
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NEUROLOGICAL disorders ,SEVERITY of illness index ,HYPERSOMNIA ,CHILD Behavior Checklist ,NARCOLEPSY ,SYMPTOMS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,EVALUATION ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to provide a summary of the measures to assess narcoleptic symptoms or complications in pediatric narcolepsy patients. Methods: We searched in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) for measures of narcoleptic symptoms for pediatric patients. Further review was conducted if relevant questionnaires or information were mentioned. Results: There were only two narcolepsy-specific questionnaires, the narcolepsy severity scale and Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale, neither of them was developed or validated in the pediatric population. For cataplexy, all the measures were study-specific diaries and were not validated questionnaires. For excessive daytime sleepiness, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was most frequently used to measure excessive daytime sleepiness in children. For nighttime sleep, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire was most frequently used. For depression, the Children Depression Inventory was the most frequently used. For attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, the Child Behavior Checklist was the most frequently used. For quality of life, KIDSCREEN was most frequently used. Conclusions: At present, there is a lack of disease-specific and validated questionnaires for pediatric narcoleptic patients. This need can be met by modifying and adjusting the existing adult questionnaires and developing new questionnaires for pediatric narcoleptic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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50. A Systematic Review of Autobiographical Memory and Mental Health Research on Refugees and Asylum Seekers.
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Khan, Sanjida, Kuhn, Sara K., and Haque, Shamsul
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PSYCHIATRIC research ,POLITICAL refugees ,AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL memory ,RIGHT of asylum ,POST-traumatic stress disorder ,MENTAL health - Abstract
Research examining trauma, memory, and mental health among refugee and asylum-seeking people has increased in recent years. We systematically reviewed empirical work focusing on the link between autobiographical memory and mental health among these populations. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018095888). Six major databases were searched in August-2020 with no time limit for publication. Following PRISMA Statement guidelines, 22 articles reporting ten quantitative, nine qualitative, and three mixed-method studies were selected from 254 articles identified in the initial search. A basic convergent and qualitative meta-integration technique was employed for data extraction. Four recurrent themes were extracted: (1) memory activation method, (2) memory features, (3) memory content, and (4) refugee mental health. Theme 1 illustrates that narrative interviews, important event recall, and cue word methods were used in most studies. Theme 2 highlights that memories of refugee people were often less specific, inconsistent, and negative-focused. Retrieval failure was also common among these people. Theme 3 reveals that refugee and asylum-seeking people frequently discussed their abandoned identities, lost resources, injustices, ongoing sufferings, and pointless futures. Finally, theme 4 identifies the prevalence of various mental health conditions like Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, depression, helplessness, and anger among these people. The results are discussed in the context of the current autobiographical memory and mental health theories, considering refugee-specific experiences in the asylum process and refugee status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2021
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