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Mexico is the largest avocado (

El artículo presenta un acercamiento general al programa interinstitucional Fe en Colombia, expresando de manera particular los procesos articuladores que enfocan la integración público privada en un ámbito nacional e internacional, con la participación activa y eminentemente social de las Fuerzas Militares. El propósito es mostrar, a través de los últimos cincuenta años, la evolución del concepto de Acción Integral, la doctrina y las capacidades instaladas para acompañar la institucionalidad en beneficio de las poblaciones vulnerables. Se hace a través de un análisis histórico de las experiencias y lecciones aprendidas de la relación civil-militar que han facilitado los cambios en las Fuerzas para un mayor acercamiento a la población, y una mejor combinación de seguridad y desarrollo social en las regiones más apartadas. El resultado se da mediante la creación de nuevos espacios de convivencia y construcción de confianza; integrando en toda la geografía nacional, la Fuerza Pública, instituciones del gobierno, organizaciones no gubernamentales y entidades del orden privado. En conclusión, el programa Fe en Colombia, con una acción conjunta, coordinada e interagencial lleva la presencia estatal a las regiones, planteando líneas estratégicas de desarrollo en infraestructura, vías, bienestar y educación, aumentando la credibilidad de la institucionalidad frente a la población civil.

Los peces pelagicos menores son importantes indicadores ecologicos del estado del Sistema de la Corriente de California, ya que su abundancia y distribucion se ven alteradas directamente en respuesta a los forzamientos climaticos. Estas especies forman cardumenes, consumen plancton y son forraje para niveles troficos superiores. En este trabajo se describen la s historias de vida y los patrones de distribucion de la sardina, anchoveta y dos especies de macarela que ocupan aguas del oceano Pacifico frente a la peninsula de Baja California (Mexico). Desde el punto de vista de las pesquerias (cuando la informacion esta disponible), se abordan temas relacionados con los forzamientos biofisicos que mantienen y estructuran la condicion del habitat de las especies, sus patrones de movimiento, su productividad y la estructura poblacional relativo a las subpoblaciones. A pesar de que la informacion basada en las pesquerias puede estar sesgada por la escala de operacion y las areas de disponibilidad de lo s peces, en este trabajo las capturas se utilizan como indicador es de la historia de vida de las diferentes subpoblaciones. Para evaluar la validez de varios paradigmas existentes en oceanografia pesquera, se utilizaron principalmente estudios basados en sardina. Por ultimo, con el objetivo de describir como el ambiente puede establecer la estructura poblacion al de los peces pelagicos, se discute la variabilidad espaciotemporal de las dos subpoblaciones, nortena y surena, de sardina ( Sardinops sagax ) y macarela ( Scomber japonicus ) de 2000 a 2014. En respuesta al enfriamiento re gional mantenido desde el inicio de este periodo, las subpoblaciones nortenas muestran una tendencia a contraerse hacia el sur del sistema, hasta aguas fre nte a bahia Magdalena. Estos cambios en distribucion y productividad de una poblacion parecen ser resultado de los efectos combinados de la pesca y el cambio en el clima del oceano que podrian alterar

El objetivo del presente estudio es describir algunos factores asociados a la reducida participación de las Instituciones Técnicas y Tecnológicas (ITT) afiliadas a la Asociación Colombiana de Instituciones de Educación Superior como Formación Técnica Profesional y/o Tecnológica (ACIET) en el proceso de Acreditación de sus programas ante el Sistema Nacional de Acreditación (SNA). Se sigue un método descriptivo y se recogen datos de 33 instituciones, a partir de lo cual se ofrece un panorama sobre este problema educativo.

RESUMOUm importante aspecto a ser considerado na produção de carvão vegetal é o longo período de resfriamento dos fornos de alvenaria, acarretando na baixa produtividade e exigindo maior número de fornos para suprir a demanda de produção. Pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas para a redução do tempo de resfriamento dos fornos retangulares, utilizando trocadores de calor. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar três modelos de trocadores de calor que promovam a redução significativa do tempo de resfriamento. A pesquisa foi realizada na unidade produtora de carvão vegetal Buritis, da Empresa Arcelor Mittal Bioflorestas, localizada na cidade de Martinho Campos, MG. Foram avaliados três diferentes trocadores de calor (Modelos 1, 2 e 3), determinando o tempo, em dias, que os fornos retangulares levavam para atingir a temperatura de 50 ºC em relação ao resfriamento natural. O Modelo 1 apresentou ganho real no tempo de resfriamento de 12,5%; o Modelo 2, ganho real de 38%; e o Modelo 3, com fluxo de gás convencional, apresentou ganho médio de 32%, enquanto no fluxo de gás invertido o ganho foi de 43%. Conclui-se que os trocadores de calor avaliados foram eficientes na redução do tempo de resfriamento dos fornos retangulares para produção de carvão vegetal, elevando, assim, a produtividade dos fornos. O trocador de calor Modelo 3, com fluxo de gás invertido, apresentou o maior ganho real no tempo de resfriamento, além do menor número de focos de incêndio durante o descarregamento do carvão vegetal. ABSTRACTAn important aspect to be considered in charcoal production is the long cooling period of the kilns, which results in low productivity and requires a large number of kilns to supply the production demand. Researches have been developed to reduce the cooling time of the rectangular kilns by using heat exchangers. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate three models of heat exchangers that promote significant reduction in cooling time. The research was conducted at ArcelorMittalBioflorestas Company, Buritis unit, located in the city of Martinho Campos, MG.Three different heat exchangers (Models 1, 2 and 3)were evaluated.Cooling time, in days, of rectangular kilns that used heat exchangers was compared to natural cooling until the temperature of 50°C. Model 1 showed a real gain of 12.5% in cooling time, while the real gain of Model 2 was 38%. Model 3 with conventional gas flow showed an average gain of 32% whereas for inverted gas flow the gain was 43%.It is concluded that the heat exchangers evaluated were effective in reducing the cooling time of the rectangular kilns for charcoal production, which raised the kilns' productivity. Heat exchanger Model 3, with inverted gas flow, had the largest gain in cooling time and the lower number of fires during charcoal discharging.

This study established the effects of a program of Active Breaks (AB) in musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), in workers of the University of Antioquia, A quantitative, quasi-experimental design was applied; groups were intervened at frequencies of 2, 3 and 4 times a week, for a period of 10 minutes each. The initial sample was 343 people and a final 187 people. The Standarized Nordic Questionnaire for MSD was applied, along with a survey. In the past 12 months, most of the population had MSD in 3 or 4 body segments such as neck, lower back, upper back and wrist. Applying the intragroups Student’s T, statistically significant p

To determine the prognostic importance of AgNORs and ki-67 in premalignant and malignant lesions in the oral cavity, we carried out a study using retroprospective phases in which 98 histologic sections.26 of mild epithelial dysplasia DEL, 15 of moderate epithelial dysplasia DEM, and 57 of invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma CECO, were stained with silver colloid stain to obtain the average number and type of AgNORs, and immunologic marker Ki-67 to obtain the percentage of cells Ki-67 (+).In both phases the average number of AgNORs and Ki-67 (+) cells was significantly greater in the CECO cases, compared to the dysplasias. The AgNORs type 1 were predominant in the DEL cases and the type 2 in the CECO cases. No statistically significant correlation (Sperman's simple range correlation) was found between the average numbers of AgNORS and the percentage of Ki-67 (+) cells in the three lesions studied. (DEL: p= 0.5113, DEM: p= 0.92 y CECO: p= 0.2584).The results suggest that the AgNOR tissue marker can be used as a routine complementary histopathologic study, since the variations in its number and distribtion indicate existence of cell alterations in a given lesion and the use of this technique is easy and inexpensive.

Background Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are food-borne pathogens of great importance and feature prominently in the etiology of developing world enteritis and travellers’ diarrhoea. Increasing antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter prevalence has been described globally, yet data from Peru is limited. Our objective was to describe the prevalence trends of fluoroquinolone and macrolide-resistant C. jejuni and C. coli stool isolates from three regions in Peru over a ten-year period. Methods Surveillance for enteric pathogens was conducted in Lima, Iquitos and Cusco between 2001 and 2010. Campylobacter stool isolates were tested for susceptibilities to ciprofloxacin, azithromycin and erythromycin. Susceptibilities were reviewed for 4652 isolates from Lima ( n = 3419), Iquitos ( n = 625) and Cusco ( n = 608). Results Comparing the study periods of 2001-2005 and 2006-2010, prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant C. jejuni isolates rose in the study areas of Lima (73.1% to 89.8%, p p C. coli rates also increased in Lima (48.1% to 87.4%, p p = 0.005). Small but significant increases in azithromycin-resistant and erythromycin-resistant C. jejuni prevalence were noted in Iquitos (2.2% to 14.9%, p p = 0.002), and erythromycin-resistant C. coli rates increased in Lima (0.0% to 5.3%, p = 0.038). The prevalence of C. jejuni isolates resistant to both ciprofloxacin and azithromycin increased in Iquitos (0.3% to 14.9%, p C. jejuni isolates resistant to both ciprofloxacin and erythromycin rose in Iquitos (0.0% to 14.9%, p C. coli prevalence increased in Lima (0.0% to 5.3%, p = 0.034). Conclusions These results have implications for the empirical management of enterocolitis in Peru. Ongoing surveillance is essential to guide appropriate antimicrobial use in this setting. Local epidemiological studies to explore the relationship between increasing antimicrobial resistance and agricultural or human antibiotic use may be valuable.