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Pavement distresses are among the major problems that affects to a decisive extent on the using (operational capacity) the roads and reducing their service life. Therefore, its require to limitation this distresses and knowing the reasons that lead to appearing this distresses and give the correction during the construction of roads. The major distresses is the rutting which increases at intersections and the check points when the vehicle is stopping. The reinforcement pavement layer became an important step of design and the reconstruction of pavement layers which is control of almost distress, reduce the maintenance cost, and provide long service life of roads. In this study will study using the mats of palm fronds in reinforcement pavement layers instead industrial materials due to existence the palms with large quantity in Iraq. The result display the using the mats of palms fronds reduce the rutting percent 96.7, 88.3, 83.3 at 40, 50, 60 ºC respectively at surface course according the test by wheel track machine.

Genetic screens in Drosophila melanogaster have long been used to identify genes found in a variety of developmental, cellular, and behavioral processes. Here we describe the characterization and mapping of a mutation identified in a conditional screen for genetic regulators of cell growth and cell division. Within a Flp/FRT system, mutant G.3.2 results in a reduction of mutant tissue and a rough eye phenotype. We find that G.3.2 maps to the gene cnk , providing further support that cnk is a critical gene in Drosophila eye development. This mutant was characterized, mapped and sequenced by undergraduate students within the Fly-CURE consortium., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present., (Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.)

Arsenic and 5 heavy metals (nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead) were quantitated in surface water (n = 18) and soil/ore samples (n = 45) collected from 5 land uses (oil palm converted from forest, oil palm in peat swamp, bare land, quarry and forest) in the Selangor River basin by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Geographic information system (GIS) was used as a spatial analytical tool to classify 4 land uses (forest, agriculture/peat, urban and bare land) from a satellite image taken by Landsat 8. Source profiling of the 6 elements was conducted to identify their occurrence, their distribution and the pollution source associated with the land use. The concentrations of arsenic, cadmium and lead were also analyzed in maternal blood (n = 99) and cord blood (n = 87) specimens from 136 pregnant women collected at the University of Malaya Medical Center for elucidating maternal exposure as well as maternal-to-fetal transfer. The source profiling identified that nickel and zinc were discharged from sewage and/or industrial effluents, and that lead was discharged from mining sites. Arsenic showed a site-specific pollution in tin-tungsten deposit areas, and the pollution source could be associated with arsenopyrite. The maternal blood levels of arsenic (0.82 ± 0.61 μg/dL), cadmium (0.15 ± 0.2 μg/dL) and lead (2.6 ± 2.1 μg/dL) were not significantly high compared to their acute toxicity levels, but could have attributable risks of chronic toxicity. Those in cord blood were significantly decreased in cadmium (0.06 ± 0.07 μg/dL) and lead (0.99 ± 1.2 μg/dL) but were equivalent in arsenic (0.82 ± 1.1 μg/dL) because of the different kinetics of maternal-to-fetal transfer., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)