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OBJECTIVE: Assessing the activities of daily living (ADL) is important in cognitive impairment. The everyday cognition scale includes 12 items (ECog-12). It evaluates complex ADLs and executive functions. This scale can differentiate healthy elderly people from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well as MCI from dementia patients. Our aim is to validate a Turkish version of ECog-12. METHODS: The study group consisted of 40 healthy elders, 40 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 40 patients with MCI. In addition to T-ECog-12, test - your memory-Turkish version (TYM-TR), Geriatric Dementia Scale (GDS), the Blessed orientation-memory-concentration (BOMC), and Katz ADL tests were administered to all participants for concurrent validity. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha test showed excellent internal consistency (0.93). When T-ECog-12 was compared to the other tests, strong positive correlations were found between the GDS and BOMC; in addition, strong negative correlations were found between Katz ADL and TYM-TR scale. ECog-12 was found to be sensitive in differentiating healthy individuals from individuals with dementia (AD and MCI) (Area under the curve [AUC]=0.82, Cl=0.74-0.89). It was found to have low sensitivity in discriminating between MCI and healthy individuals (AUC=0.52, Cl=0.42-0.63). CONCLUSION: T-ECog-12 was found to be reliable and valid for Turkish population. This scale is reliable and effective in diagnostic distinguishing healthy individuals from dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related lockdown may have a negative effect on the neuropsychiatric status of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. In this study, it was aimed to find future implications by evaluating the neuropsychiatric conditions of AD cases during total and partial lockdown periods. Methods: It is a prospective, cross-sectional, and multicenter study that includes AD cases which have been followed for at least 1 year by outpatient clinics from different regions of Turkey. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, mobility, existence of social interactions, clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale, and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) for total and partial lockdown were questioned by the caregivers with the help of case files of the patients. Results: A total of 302 AD cases were enrolled to the study (mean age: 78±8 years, mean duration of education: 5.8±9 years). The total comorbidity ratio was found to be 84%, with the most frequent comorbidity being hypertension. The mean NPI score was 22.9±21 in total lockdown and 17.7±15 in partial lockdown, which is statistically significantly different. When lockdown periods were compared with the total scores of NPI scores according to gender, existence of social interactions, mobility, and comorbidities were found higher in the total lockdown than the partial lockdown. When switching from total lockdown to partial lockdown, the presence of comorbidities, mobility, and CDR were found to be factors that had a significant effect on NPI scores. In regression analysis, CDR score was found as the most effective parameter on the neuropsychiatric status of AD cases for both lockdown periods. Conclusion: When lockdown-related restrictions were reduced, the neuropsychological conditions of AD cases were significantly improved. Lockdown rules should be considered with these data in mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metamorphopsia is the visual misperception of the shape of objects. Retinal diseases, especially those affecting the macula, are responsible for the majority of cases. However, it can also be seen during migraine attacks, epileptic seizures and damage to visual pathways in the brain.Infarction in the splenium of the corpus callosum may cause visual agnosia, prosopometamorphopsia, alexia and amnesia. We describe here a case of isolated metamorphopsia caused by splenial infarction in the absence of any other neurological symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related lockdown may have a negative effect on the neuropsychiatric status of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. In this study, it was aimed to find future implications by evaluating the neuropsychiatric conditions of AD cases during total and partial lockdown periods., Methods: It is a prospective, cross-sectional, and multicenter study that includes AD cases which have been followed for at least 1 year by outpatient clinics from different regions of Turkey. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, mobility, existence of social interactions, clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale, and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) for total and partial lockdown were questioned by the caregivers with the help of case files of the patients., Results: A total of 302 AD cases were enrolled to the study (mean age: 78±8 years, mean duration of education: 5.8±9 years). The total comorbidity ratio was found to be 84%, with the most frequent comorbidity being hypertension. The mean NPI score was 22.9±21 in total lockdown and 17.7±15 in partial lockdown, which is statistically significantly different. When lockdown periods were compared with the total scores of NPI scores according to gender, existence of social interactions, mobility, and comorbidities were found higher in the total lockdown than the partial lockdown. When switching from total lockdown to partial lockdown, the presence of comorbidities, mobility, and CDR were found to be factors that had a significant effect on NPI scores. In regression analysis, CDR score was found as the most effective parameter on the neuropsychiatric status of AD cases for both lockdown periods., Conclusion: When lockdown-related restrictions were reduced, the neuropsychological conditions of AD cases were significantly improved. Lockdown rules should be considered with these data in mind., Competing Interests: None declared., (©Copyright 2022 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital.)