Search

Copyright of Cuadernos de Historia Contemporanea is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

INTIMATE GEOPOLITICS: Love, Territory, and the Future on India's Northern Threshold: By SARA SMITH. In a vivid ethnographic study of the Ladakh region in northern India, Smith provides an intricate examination of how community tensions are shaped by ethnic identities, family planning, and majoritarian politics - and one incendiary moment on a public street. Though I Intimate Geopolitics i is overtly a study of Ladakhi territorial politics as related to family dynamics, the commentary on sectarianism is relevant beyond the confines of the distant province. [Extracted from the article]

The article highlights important connections between the spoken word, handmade paper, cultural memory, and natural sustenance in books and in artworks. Topics include display of works that challenge the silos and sensory atrophy that scholar Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett critiques so eloquently, and how "Tomes" unfolded as culturally provocative outreach, using diverse collections and community experience to re-present the archives through a more public scope.

In the so-called West, feminist activists and scholars have long been traumatised by the erasure of their histories via dominant patriarchal narratives, which has served as an impediment to the intergenerational transmission of feminist knowledge. Recently, while acknowledging the very real and ongoing impact of this historical omission, some feminists have issued a call to turn away from a narrative of women's history as 'serial forgetting' and towards an acknowledgement of the affirmative capacity of feminist remembering. At the same time, memory theorist Ann Rigney has advocated for a 'positive turn' in memory studies, away from what she perceives to be the field's gravitation towards trauma and instead towards an analysis of life's positive legacies. In this article, I combine both approaches to investigate one feminist memory-keeper's archive, analysing what it reveals about 'the mechanisms by which positive attachments are transmitted across space and time'. Throughout her life, little-known 'between-the-waves' Australian feminist Ruby Rich (1888–1988) performed multiple intersecting activist activities. While she created feminist memories through her work for various political organisations, she also collected, stored and transmitted feminist memories through her campaign for a dedicated space for women's collections in the National Library of Australia. Propelled by fear of loss and inspired by hope for remembering, Rich constructed a brand of archival activism that was both educational and emotional. In this paper, I examine the strategies Rich employed to try to realise her dream of effecting intellectual and affective bonds between future feminists and their predecessors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the central underpinnings of Islamophobia is the theoretical construction of Muslim women as "Other". Going hand in hand with colonization, the overall Orientalist imaginary has depicted Muslims as misogynistic, homophobic, and gynophobic in contrast to the normal and enlightened Western European subject. Liberation psychology, as a field of decolonial work, emphasizes several main tasks one of which is the recovery of historical memory in relation to how humans see each other and the world. This paper builds on the work of recovering historical memory to emphasize the Indo-European origins of misogyny and patriarchy and the subsequent cover-up of this history as a part of the legacy of colonialism and current narratives of Islamophobia. The paper concludes that the work of psychology should include decoding reality to uncover the true nature of the origins of patriarchy, thus building new, revitalized understandings of human society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the formation of the independent state, the Ukrainian people's interest in their own history and events of the past has significantly increased. The shaping of national identity and preservation of historical collective memory plays an increasingly important role in these processes. This is to some extent true of the Cherkasy region which is one of the richest in Ukraine. Scientific research of historians and archival material which reflect the development of the workflow management systems in the society of the region is suffi- cient proof of this. Special role in the study of the region history is given to the State Archives of Cherkasy region, the leading experts of which during 1970-2013 period made a significant contribution to the implementation of recordkeeping standards and normative document regulation acts such as the Laws of Ukraine "On Electronic Documents and Electronic Document Management" and "On Electronic Digital Signature", dated May 22th, 2003, etc. As document management traditions are being produced during the centuries, investigation of electronic records management is practically possible from its initial formation stage. On the one hand, the main task of the electronic records keeping, as a relatively new phenomenon, is to adopt the best principles of traditional document management; on the other hand, it is no less important to develop new approaches to recordkeeping management, taking into account the use of electronic documents. Therefore it is important, in our opinion, to consider the main problems that accompany the practices of electronic document management as the investigated object, taking the example of Cherkasy region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a speech by Kousar J. Azam, professor at Osmania University, given at the 2010 Nagoya American Studies Summer Seminar (NASSS) at Japan's Nanzan University. The speech was given in response to the presentation of paper entitled "Exploring a Bridge between Hiroshima and the US: Tanimoto Kiyoshi and his activities in the early post war period," by Yoko Kawaguchi. Azam comments on collective memory of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan and the peace movement it sparked.

Although the relationship between religion and football has gained considerable interest during the last twenty years, scant attention has been paid to the relationship between pilgrimage and football. This paper seeks to advance the study of this relationship through an exploration of collective memory about football disasters that throws fresh light on central themes within pilgrimage studies—pilgrimage as both a journey to a sacred place and the performance of diverse rituals at such places. The paper explores, in particular, the ways in which three different tragedies involving English football clubs have been commemorated through journeys to and ritual performance at places seen as sacred to those involved in commemoration—football stadiums and urban spaces, and cathedrals and pilgrimage shrines in England, Germany and Italy. Through this analysis, we seek to show how the commemoration of football disaster is linked to pilgrimage as a process where people seek healing and reconciliation through the public performance of rituals that link the local to the global. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Victoriens & Edouardiens is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay describes a campaign by nationalist Japanese journalist Komori Yoshihisa against a public symposium and workshop on historical memory and reconciliation in East Asia held at George Washington University in 2003. When conservative politicians, led from behind the scenes by current prime minister Abe Shinzo, alleged anti-Japan bias in the Diet (parliament), the cosponsor and funder of the workshop, the Japan Foundation Center for Global Partnership, wilted under intense political pressure from the Right, lost its autonomy within the Japan Foundation, and withdrew support for the book project. A counterprotest in defense of academic freedom by senior American Japan specialists revived the workshop only to have the Foreign Ministry intervene. Funder interference-insistence on progovernment authors-undermined the project and the essay collection based on conference papers was never published. Fear of the Right led American and Japanese professors to reject a highly qualified fellowship applicant in 2015 and still haunts prominent bilateral intellectual exchange competitions. This essay's scrutiny of the Komori Affair leads it to other contemporary concerns, such as the integrity of peer review in a context of funder intervention and the compromise of US academic partners dependent on intellectual exchange activities bankrolled by foreign governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to understand the tensions inherent to the commemoration of a difficult and conflicted past and the conservation of dissonant heritage. It explores the politics of memory and identity, and the power struggles that underscore the heritagisation process through a study of the transformation of Rio de Janeiro's port in preparation to host the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Summer Olympics. The paper uses the notion of heritage dissonance to shed light upon contemporary struggles over the interpretation of the port's contested history and explores the debates that have surrounded the 'discovery' of archeological remains, which exposed a controversial past marked by collective amnesia. The paper identifies various actions, instruments, and strategies used by various actors to either support or undermine the project, from inertia and obstructionism to memorialisation and ritual agency. The analysis of these findings reveals the transformative potential of heritage, as an instrument of empowerment in the ideological battle over collective memory, and a tool of resistance against historical denial. It discusses the way debates over heritage have stimulated public debate, inflected the official historical narrative, and allowed the legacies of slavery to infiltrate collective consciousness. The paper concludes with a discussion of how heritage dissonance can engender actions leading to conflict mediation, thereby promoting reconciliation and dialogue, and, ultimately, societal change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archetypal symbols of Mazu's statues and pictorial art are the mapping of a religious concept, a way of belief, and some programmed behaviours and rituals. They are also emotional imagery used to arouse the cultural awareness of international Chinese, inspire them to help and trust each other, to encourage and to comfort each other, to share weal and woe, and to always forge ahead. From the perspectives of historical memory, visual signs, and cultural identity, this paper explores the construction of archetypal symbols for the statues and images of Mazu. In addition, this paper generalizes the foundation and methods of this construction by analyzing the artistic forms and characteristics of the surviving Mazu images and statues and comparing the rules and regulations for making statues of other religions. Moreover, we consider the function of artistic signs that refer to and symbolize broader religious concepts and beliefs. The purpose of this work is to make the image of Mazu more visually present and strengthen cultural identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A damping system always results in energy consumption. This paper studies an exponentially damped oscillator with historical memory for a viscoelastic damper structure, its stability under an initial response is analyzed analytically and verified numerically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Easter controversy of the late second century unveiled a profound theological and cultural debate within early Christianity. Originating from differing practices regarding the calculation of Easter dates, the dispute pitted the churches of Asia Minor against the Roman Church. This paper primarily employs a method of documentary analysis. It analyzes the accounts provided by the fourth-century historian Eusebius of Caesarea in his work The History of the Church. It is also cross-referenced with the works of second-century Christian writers. Through this process, this paper seeks to reconstruct the situation of this Easter controversy. Furthermore, it aims to uncover the struggle for apostolic authority concealed beneath the surface of this debate over dates. Central figures like Victor I and Polycrates engaged in this struggle for Apostolic authority, responding to challenges posed by heresies. Victor I leveraged his position to convene religious conferences and issue excommunication decrees against dissenting churches, laying claim to the papal primacy. However, Polycrates invoked the apostolic succession and heritage from John the Apostle to assert the legitimacy of the churches in Asia Minor, challenging Victor I's attempts at centralizing power within the Roman see. The controversy reflected broader debates over apostolic succession and ecclesiastical power structures. The Easter controversy serves as a case study of the Early Church's engagement with practical theology and the integration of religious festival culture with social backgrounds, highlighting the significance of Easter as a symbol of Christian unity and collective memory. This debate highlighted theological nuances and underscored broader issues of communal identity and the power struggle within early Christian communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper problematizes Ghatak’s Marxist treatment of the Bengali as well as the Brahmanical repertoire of cultural knowledge, for the purpose of carving out a Communist significance of the period. Rather than a recontextualization of traditional myths, the paper reads in this attitude a nostalgic particularistic abstraction of a rich array of aesthetic ideas, which are best appreciated in their diverse cultural context. The paper argues that Ghatak utilizes creative opuses of vast potential to serve political goals, with an aim of strengthening the East Bengali immigrant population in post-Partition West Bengal. The paper criticizes how Ghatak breaks down the traditions from different spatial and temporal coordinates for serving the representation of the plights of the Bengali Refugee – making a powerful integrated identity of the traumatized subject at the expense of erasing class, caste, communal and gender distinctions. In this, there is an effort to fashion an imaginary unified East Bengali sub-national entity, which is politically evened out for realization of unique identity and clout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern electronic warfare, radar intelligence has become increasingly crucial when dealing with complex interference environments. This paper combines radar agile frequency technology with reinforcement learning to achieve adaptive frequency hopping for radar anti-jamming. Unlike traditional reinforcement learning with Markov decision processes (MDPs), the interaction between radar and jammers occurs within the partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). In this context, the partial observation information available to the agent does not strictly satisfy the Markov property. This paper uses multiple layers of historical observation information to solve this problem. Historical observations can be viewed as a time series, and time-sensitive networks are employed to extract the temporal information embedded within the observations. In addition, the reward function is optimized to facilitate the faster learning of the agent in the jammer sweep environment. This simulation shows that the optimization of the agent state, network structure, and reward function can effectively help the radar to resist jamming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nigerian Middle Belt is the epicentre of violent conflicts between Fulani herders and sedentary farmers over land and agricultural resources called eco-violence; existing research has not adequately addressed the persistence of these conflicts. Using Social Representations Theory (SRT), this paper examines empirical case studies conducted in April 2018 and May 2022 in Benue State, Nigeria, to determine why these conflicts persist. The paper argues that contending parties anchor, objectify, and socially represent past contestations in pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial Nigeria in present-day realities and events in the Middle Belt, leading to the re-experience of collective memories and their consequences on people's violent collective behaviour. Consequently, people resort to violence to redress present grievances viewed through the prism of past events. To promote sustainable peace when tackling deeply-rooted conflicts, it is essential to comprehend the historical context and the significance of collective memory while employing a comprehensive strategy for conflict resolution. Implementing the Cognitive Reappraisal Technique to address issues related to collective memories is critical to this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tattoos are important markers of tribal cultural identity. As embodied texts, they not only reflect a worldview but also become repositories of historical and ontological memory. As carriers of traditions, customs, and beliefs, they manifest the collective identity of the people and guide and bind them as a community. As such, tattooing or godna acquires a much wider significance than being a mere bodily art. It turns into an aesthetic-narrative entry point into tribal consciousness, cultural worldview, identity and history. In their engagement with their identity, the tribal writers dig deep into their cultural repository to foreground the truth of their being and becoming. In the present paper, an attempt is made to understand the nature of this tribal negotiation of 'tattooing' as a textual metaphorical tradition through a critical study of Sirawon Tulisen Khating's "Retold by Grandma-Yarla's Tattoos" and Nidhi Dugar Kundalia's "The Godna Artists of Jharkhand". The paper uses the insights from Raymond Williams's cultural theory to deconstruct and critically analyse the tribal practice of tattooing and its relational dynamics within the tribal society. Using memory as a trope and the concept of collective theory as a theoretical framework, the paper sets out to see how gender and caste/class notions are upheld during the tattooing process. Looking through the tattoo as a significant cultural practice in the tribal world, the paper also exposes the diverse class and caste hierarchies prevalent among tribals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the main findings of a research conducted at an Asia Minor post-refugee urban neighborhood located at the Greater Piraeus Region within the metropolitan area of Athens. The research took place from October 2022 to January 2023. The main findings of the research outline the issue of urban conservation in terms of urban collective memory. The paper explores the contemporary physiognomy of an urban Asia Minor refugee settlement that comes up against dereliction, uncontrolled building activity and demolitions of the old refugee houses. To explain the significance of these settlements, the paper combines literature review and field work. Field work includes original cartographic depiction of the exact location of the remaining refugee houses as well as documentation through original drawings of typical housing units in the area. The aim of the paper is to put in the forefront the issue of declaration in terms of collective memory in cases where the socio-cultural significance counterweights the architectural value of the buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the presence and potential educational impact of national exhibitions within the Auschwitz Birkenau State Museum in Poland. It takes a constructivist, personal-theoretical approach, drawing from autoethnography to explore possible visitor experiences at two of the national exhibits. Through detailed reflection on the French exhibition (Block 20) and the Dutch exhibition (Block 21), the author conducts a thematic analysis on the content in order to consider the constructions and possible intentions of the narratives presented. This is used to consider how the (relatively unvisited) exhibitions might contribute to visitors' developing understandings of the complex history of the Holocaust. Particularly, the author considers how the national exhibits might contribute to the education of young people at the museum, and, by extension, at other sites, memorials, or educational spaces. The paper concludes that the inclusion of these complex national narratives is vital in young people gaining an understanding of the Holocaust as a multi-layered event. The paper offers a model for enabling inclusive Holocaust Education that embraces: (1.) divergent historical narratives (such as those in the national exhibitions), (2.) young people's emotional engagement and responses to those narratives, and (3.) the Holocaust (and its representations) as a 'contested space' of history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines how members of the historically white possessive and supremacist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the United States (mis)appropriated Māori genealogy, known as whakapapa. The Mormon use of whakapapa to promote Mormon cultural memory and narratives perpetuates settler/invader colonialism and white supremacy, as this paper shows. The research discusses Church racism against Native Americans and Pacific Peoples. This paper uses Anthropologist Thomas Murphy's scholarship to demonstrate how problematic the Book of Mormon's religio-colonial identity of Lamanites is for these groups. Application of Aileen Moreton-Robinson's white possessive doctrine and Hemopereki Simon's adaptation to cover Church-Indigenous relations and the salvation contract is discussed. We explore collective and cultural memory, and discuss key Māori concepts like Mana, Taonga, Tapu, and Whakapapa. A brief review of LDS scholar Louis C. Midgley's views on Church culture, including Herewini Jone's whakapapa wānanga, is followed by a discussion of Māori cultural considerations and issues. The paper concludes that the alteration perpetuates settler/invader colonialism and Pacific peoples' racialization and white supremacy. Genetic science and human migration studies contradict Mormon identity narratives and suggest the BOM is spiritual rather than historical. Finally, the paper suggests promoting intercultural engagement on Mormon (mis)appropriation of taonga Māori. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the marriage between cartographic language and narrative strategies has reshaped maps with the generative capability to represent the intangible historical characters and events involved in social memories following a narrative manner. Despite these advances, rather few efforts have been spared to unveil the potential of tourism maps in a narrative form. This paper seeks to rectify the gaps in this line of research by unfolding the underlying theories and cartographic design guidelines for making narrative tourism maps. In particular, a narrative cartographic design approach is demonstrated and evidenced to be practical using the case of 'Red Boat Spirit Map', a tourism map designed for Jiaxing City, one of the most well-known destinations of China's red tourism. It is believed that the theoretical instrument and cartographic design guidelines presented in our paper are particularly relevant and can be easily adapted to more general research of narrative maps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article ponders upon ethnic proverbs containing the ethnonyms Ormianin 'Armenian', Grek 'Greek' and Zyd 'Jew', which constitute a peculiar collection of paremics determined by the former sociocultural context. The research material was collected using the NKJP and Google search engine. The paper aims at analysing the collected paremic items as carriers of ethnostereotypes, and to interpret them as textual realizations of the collective memory genre. I employ linguistic-cultural methods and the linguistics of memory in the analysis and description of the material, which allows the studied proverbs to be framed as a genre of memory participating in the transmission of images of the past. The study also takes into account the pragmatic functions of proverbs in contemporary identity discourse and the reinterpretation of meanings contained in the paremic items in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is concerned with individuals' symbolic interactions with the Charging Bull statue. We chose this statue because it is an extremely popular tourist attraction and the most visited nonhuman statue in New York City. However, there is no research devoted to understanding how visitors interact with the statue. To fill this gap in the literature, we examine people's interactions as a unique way of communicating with the Charging Bull statue in New York City through a photo analysis approach. Using the general framework of symbolic interactionism, the paper investigates poses, gestures, and more generally interactions of individuals near or with the statue to gain insights into the impact of the Charging Bull beyond a mere visual representation. The findings reveal various forms of interaction, including souvenir photography, active participation, unexpected interactions, and public-made symbolism. This study of these interactions contributes to the literature on collective memory and the study of statues. Additionally, this research highlights the inventiveness of the dynamic relationship between individuals and statues as symbols in the urban environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interconnection between the objectives of territorial development and those of the agro-ecological transition highlights the value of past knowledge in the sustainable management of resources and agro-ecological systems. However, the lack of data creates difficulties for retrospection in rural areas. This paper contributes to the search for such knowledge from the past by developing an interactive methodology capable of combining heterogeneous information sources with the activation of local collective memory. Its effectiveness is based on ensuring the interoperability of information and communication in an environment simultaneously shaped by geoinformatics and 3D geovisualisations. This virtual environment fostered participation and interactivity, supported by representations of the paleo-landscape (Ottoman period). Furthermore, synergies were achieved between information sources, which were integrated into local spatial systems. The application example involved identifying a rice field that existed between the 15th and 19th centuries in Thessaly, Greece. It is an interesting case because the research results indicated that the location and organisation of the crop, combined with the spatio-temporal coordination required, ensured the sustainable use of natural resources. The interplay between information and communication facilitated community participation and the activation of its collective memory as an information source that enriched the search itself and local intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to illustrate an often neglected, yet relevant aspect of the collective memory construction in communist Romania. In addition to other forms of collective remembrance, cinematic representations of the recent past have played a significant role for both the political regime and the Romanian society by providing political legitimacy as well as entertainment. The communist resistance was one of the most recurrent topos of collective memory, whereas underground party supporters -- the so called "illegalists" - often had to be presented as figures of identification. The cinema permitted, however, a negotiation of the recent past on different levels. Starting from these considerations and focusing on the film production „Duminică la ora 6” (Sunday at Six, Lucian Pintilie, 1966), the paper brings into discussion the communist resistance discourse during the liberalization period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to underline the specificities of Theodor Fontane's work Wanderungen durch die Mark Brandenburg as a place of remembrance – and subsequently of the places of remembrance it contains – as well as the importance that this very comprehensive text has until today for the cultural space of Berlin-Brandenburg. The paper highlights a dynamic of cultural memory that ranges from overlaying places of remembrance to the emergence of new ones. The project has been completed and illustrated with some walks undertaken by the author of the article in the footsteps of Fontane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study treats literature as a reflection of cultural memory and explores how literature mediates between mythical and cultural relations to the natural world. The paper aims to promote interdisciplinary dialogue between cultural memory, ecocriticism, and literary studies and draws on foundational texts from these disciplines and previous research that seeks to link them as a theoretical basis. By analysing the works of Gábor Devecseri, chosen as representative examples, the paper demonstrates how literature reveals the return to the deep layers of cultural memory represented in myths and the defects of the relationship between humans and nature, and how it thus contributes to the understanding of a complex (and interdisciplinary) process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses Fall River by Alexander Motyl as a novel about history and family saga. The novel entwines the past of 20th-century East-Central Europe with the individual experiences of its protagonists--Mike/Mychasko, Manya, and Stefa. They continue the American history of the family, which started in 1913 when their parents-to-be arrived from Galicia to Fall River, Mass., to leave it for Europe ten years later. The life of the three siblings epitomizes the dramatic history of Eastern Galicia and the pre-and post-WWII Ukrainian immigration to the United States. A small Ukrainian-Polish-Jewish community in the provincial Galician town of Przemyślany, where most of the action takes place, becomes a small-scale version of historical and political conflicts of the 1920s-1940s. The paper draws on Astrid Erll's theory of cultural memory and Paul Connerton's concept of forgetfulness to analyze Fall River as part of the Ukrainian cultural memory and explore the role of forgetting in the characters' identity construction, particularly their new American selves. The historical background that shapes Mike's, Manya's, and Stefa's lives reveals the entanglements of East-Central European history of the first half of the 20th century, of which the American reader knows little if anything, and addresses complex ethnic relations and political dilemmas that were part of the characters' everyday life. While history is the normative frame of reference in the novel, a sense of home and the awareness of its traumatic loss are some of the centrifugal forces of the story, which determine the characters' attitudes. They evoke the idea of uprootedness (Weil) and nostalgic memory (Boym), which will be analyzed as an essential part of immigrant narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Relaciones Internacionales (1699-3950) is the property of Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain, International Relations Studies Group (GERI) Law Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2013 Terry Cook identified four paradigms that have shaped archival theory and praxis over the last 150 years: evidence, cultural memory, societal engagement, and identity and community. More recently, Jennifer Douglas, Mya Ballin, and Sadaf Ahmadbeigi (2021) identified a fifth emerging paradigm, Person-Centred Archival Theory and Praxis. Person-centred approaches to archival science shifts the discussion from a focus on records to a focus on "the people that create, keep, use and/or are represented in records." A person-centred archival approach can also be traced to calls to better understand and consider the needs of archival users (Rhee 2015, Duff 2002) and applications of trauma-informed approaches to recordkeeping which focus on the needs of archivists, recordkeepers and creators and users of archives (Laurent & Hart 2021). This paper argues that a person-centred approach to archival theory and practice must acknowledge the deep emotional impact of working with records and the people whose lives are captured in records and who create and use archives. This leads us to the concept of the 'traumatic potentiality' of records, the heart of the original contribution of this paper, and to considering how to embed such potentiality in a trauma-informed approach to archival education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Media work is a culture-making activity affecting the ways people understand the world and, therefore, workers in the media industries have a critical role in shaping collective memories, traditions, and belief systems. While studies regarding the characteristics impacting the nature of work in the media industries have significantly been increasing over the last years, the literature in this area remains highly fragmented. This paper begins to address that shortcoming by conducting an in-depth review of 36 scholarly papers in influential journals published from 2006 to 2020 to provide a comprehensive view of the literature and its approaches. This study elaborates on the concept of media work by organizing previous efforts into five subthemes, including commonalities, contested terrain, gendered profession, emerging practices, and influencing factors. Previous research has emphasized that media workers' subjective experiences need to be explored further and more in-depth; however, if we wish to depict a more holistic but realistic picture, those experiences should be contextualized and thus linked with the specific organizational configurations and macro structures in which media work is embedded. The present review depicts how work in the media may take different meanings when addressing it through various theoretical frameworks. Our study can enrich future studies regarding the nature of media work by providing a fine-grained foundation in which researchers could understand how their given research problem(s) would be connected with the other issues that potentially impact their studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The invasion of Ukraine highlights the continued threat Russia poses to Eastern Europe. This essay describes these threats as twofold: investigating both the material realities of soldiers and weapons, as well as abstract notions like the role played by ideas and history. Discussing examples such as the "war of monuments," the Baltic forest brothers, and the Holodomor, this paper examines how contrasting approaches to history and memory can lead to conflict in the region, particularly when threats are perceived differently by competing actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a critical discourse analysis of the Gerakan 30 September (G30S) event's portrayal in Indonesian Grade XII history textbooks across various curricula from 1994 to 2013. By analysing four textbooks, the study reveals an evolving narrative of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) from a predominantly negative portrayal in earlier curricula to more nuanced and multiperspective representations in later editions. Early textbooks, aligned with the New Order's anti-communist ideology, depict the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) as a malevolent force, whereas later texts, especially under the 2013 curriculum, offer diverse viewpoints, reflecting a shift toward critical thinking and balanced historical understanding. This shift indicates changing political ideologies and educational approaches in Indonesia, highlighting the role of textbooks in shaping historical perception and national identity. The findings illuminate the transformation in educational narratives, emphasizing how these changes in textbooks are indicative of broader societal and political shifts and their significant impact on shaping collective memory and national consciousness in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reuse of construction materials has been a consistent practice throughout the history of architecture, especially prevalent during periods of transition when it was preferred for its ability to simplify installation and reduce construction costs. This practice was particularly common in late Roman urban contexts, where construction materials, especially ashlar and sculptural elements, were abundant following the abandonment of temples and public buildings. However, there are occasions when the use of spolia, or reused materials, goes beyond simple material recycling. The reuse and display of certain pieces carry complex implications involving symbology, cultural appropriation, or collective memory exercises that convey messages through new buildings. In this paper, we focus on the unique case of Hispanic Christian architectural sculptures that were "recycled" in new buildings during the first centuries of Islamic domination of the Iberian Peninsula, specifically within places of worship. Through a general analysis and review of some examples, we aim to reflect on the motivations and intentionality behind the use of certain sculptural pieces and their placement in new buildings, which is not arbitrary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper delves into the ways in which art and cultural expressions have helped to preserve the memory of the Ukrainian Revolution and how the Maidan Museum contributes to this effort. Specifically, the study explores the significance of the Maidan event in Ukraine’s national memory culture and how it is being integrated into the country’s historical narrative as part of the decommunization and decolonization processes. Additionally, the text examines how the politics of memory, as expressed through the museum’s performances and aesthetics, can serve as a tool of collective and national resistance. Ultimately, the article argues that the Maidan event is not fixed but rather dynamic, and Maidan memory plays a critical role in Ukraine’s ongoing transition away from a shared historical past with Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1999, Bruce Uhrmacher developed an analytical framework to promote the study of monuments. The framework introduced three points of analysis: 1) an analysis of referent, 2) an analysis of design, and 3) an analysis of reception. This framework focused on developing a curriculum that supported a critical, interdisciplinary study of monuments. In this paper, the authors review and reshape the previous framework, with attention on the aims of the framework (its strengths and gaps), and the role of social justice, in the wake of current events. This paper also presents a multilayered engagement with Eisnerian curriculum theory, while expanding the analytical frame to incorporate other education theorists in ways that extend the ideas into the present-day, when monuments have come to the fore of the public consciousness and debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses guidelines in promoting the growth of system scientists in the scientific discipline. Significance of collective memory in the education of system scientists about the concepts behind the system movement; Basic common characteristics of thinking in the systems movement; Factors to consider in evaluating a scientific discipline.

Neighborhoods and urban contexts are full of potential hidden inside them in an intangible form and can be used for their development and sustainability. Therefore, studying, discovering, and using them can help revive worn and historical textures. These mental factors include things not in the city's outward appearance but in its heart and memory. The mindscape of the city includes everything that has meaning for its residents. Collective memories lead to strengthening their sense of belonging. The sense of belonging and collective memory is one factor that promotes social participation in the neighborhood and urban contexts. Social involvement is an efficient factor in facilitating neighborhood management, attracting investment, and helping environmental issues. Finally, it plays an influential role in sustaining life in urban contexts. Despite the plans that have been made to promote the sense of collective memory and increase the sense of belonging to the place, Chicago's Bronzeville neighborhood has yet to achieve its growth and prosperity as in the past. Therefore, this paper focuses on studying how mindscape can help the sustainability and development of cities. The research method in this paper is based on document study, the review of documents related to prominent research in the fields of objective landscape, place identity, sense of place, and surface, and was carried out by descriptive-analytical research method. The method of collecting information is in two forms: documentary and field. Field information will be collected through two questionnaires (see Appendices A and B) from residents and experts. In this research, after reviewing and studying the documents and analyzing the field data, we present the proposed model of the influential factors of the mental landscape in the sustainability of urban contexts and draw the following conclusions: The concept of the mindscape holds significant importance in the context of creating sustainable cities and communities. It encompasses belonging, collective memories, and factors promoting social participation. Safeguarding and nurturing collective memory, the sense of place, belonging, and social participation are crucial in sustaining the mindscape and ensuring the long-term well-being of urban environments. By prioritizing these elements, cities and communities can foster a stronger connection between residents and their surroundings, resulting in a more vibrant and resilient urban fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the role of community interventions in post-conflict settings. The focus is on peacebuilding through the shaping of collective memories, achieved through the transformation of social ties. By addressing community interventions, this paper opens the black box between interventions by formal institutions (such as peace treaties, trials, or truth commissions) and outcomes. It is based on a study of one specific cross-community initiative in Belfast, Northern Ireland, which - in 2012 - employed a Transitional Justice Grassroots Toolkit. Document analysis is complemented by interviews with participants and organizers to reveal the role of pedagogical practices, mediated by cohort effects, in facilitating cultural transformation through group interactions. This paper suggests how community interventions can change collective memories, cultural trauma, and related identities of the conflict, away from their polarized and polarizing forms, and it explores implications for future peace and social justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the memoryscapes of Cieszyn Silesia, Orawa and Spisz in a context of the border conflicts of the twentieth century. The regions located on the current Czech-Polish and Slovak-Polish border have lived through paralleled histories of the border demarcation after WWI, which was unprecedented there. In both cases the national minorities were left behind the border, outside of their home states. Their stories and memories are, however, not being researched together. This paper contrasts the patterns of memory production related to the border shifts in the landscape in both regions. Emphasis is placed on the memory sites, their narratives and memory activism related to the conflicting past. The results show that the main axes of both memory debates are contrasting. While the conflict over Cieszyn Silesia was most shaped by the short war in 1919, the lesser-known dispute over Orawa and Spisz was marked by numerous smaller incidents, assimilation efforts and a layer of post WWII violence. This has important consequences for the memory production. The other important differentiating factor is the scope of memory activism inside of the national minority group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the meaning‐making work of historical, cultural, and visual references in the 2022 anti-Zero-COVID policy protests in China. Characterized by homemade protest placards, the wave of 2022 grassroots protests were striking, typically citing well-known historical quotes, written in red paint, or the use of plain white paper. Using the frameworks of affect theory and analyses of visual culture, I draw attention to underexamined forms of Chinese cultural and visual traditions of protest, and address the following empirical questions: Which national visual cultural references are mobilized in this contemporary protest; how do people repurpose specific cultural idiosyncrasies to voice political dissent; and how do these references contribute to local political meaning‐making and community-making? Via a qualitative analysis of such signs, this study identifies three types of cultural resources permissible by the state that became co‐opted in the protests: 1) literature from anti-imperial times, 2) motivational slogans and symbols from the cultural revolution, and 3) the contemporary technique of censorship. These references are appropriated for the potential afforded by their recognizability, their affective function to articulate the political cause, and their ability to bypass censorship and generate communities across national and regional boundaries. Examining the A4 Revolution as a paradigmatic case, I argue visual historical citation holds significant aesthetic, affective, and political value, particularly in its capacity to mobilize the masses within undemocratic environments. The affective visuals used in the protests can be read as a performative, strategic, and psychosocial device of "critical inheritance from the bottom up," one that invites citizens to re-access cultural memory and critique the oppressive present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]