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The controlled secondary self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules in solution is theoretically and practically significant in amphiphilic molecular applications. An amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) dimer, namely LA-(CD)2, has been synthesized, wherein one lithocholic acid (LA) unit is hydrophobic and two β-CD units are hydrophilic. In an aqueous solution at room temperature, LA-(CD)2 self-assembles into spherical micelles without ultrasonication. The primary micelles dissociates and then secondarily form self-assemblies with branched structures under ultrasonication. The branched aggregates revert to primary micelles at high temperature. The ultrasound-driven secondary self-assembly is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and Cu2+-responsive experiments. Furthermore, 2D NOESY NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy results indicate that the formation of the primary micelles is driven by hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions, whereas host-guest interactions promote the formation of the secondary assemblies. Additionally, ultrasonication is shown to be able to effectively destroy the primary hydrophilic-hydrophobic balances while enhancing the host-guest interaction between the LA and β-CD moieties at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the public have been paying more attention to the construction of ecological civilization in that such problems as ecological destruction and environmental pollution occur frequently. Understanding the status of ecological civilization construction is not only a premise for the public to orderly participate in the construction of ecological civilization, but also of benefit to prevent the happening of unfavorable acts to ecological environment, handle environmental issues timely, and help achieve the goals of ecological civilization construction smoothly and fast. However, the system of right to know in China falls behind the times, with many deficiencies in terms of right subject, right object and right protection. Therefore, it is essential that the scope of right subject should be expanded, the scope of confidential information should be strictly limited, and the judicial relief should be perfected so as to provide legal protection of the public's right to know in the construction of ecological civilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Large complex micelles based on H-shaped terpolymers (poly(ethylene glycol))(poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate))-polytetrahydrofuran-(poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)) (poly(ethylene glycol)) ((PEG)(PDMA)-PTHF-(PDMA)(PEG)), with proper block ratio, are obtained through ultrasonic vibration. However, similar micellar morphology is not found using other traditional methods, such as evaporation and dialysis. According to the predicted thermodynamic analysis, large complex micelles consisting of several multimicelles are a result of the cooperative effects of ultrasonic vibration, hydrophobic–hydrophilic block ratio, and H-shaped branched architecture. These findings may lead to new strategies in designing supramacromolecular materials that exhibit special properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]