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The design of photocatalytic supramolecular systems composing of semiconductors and molecular metal complexes for CO2 reduction has attracted increasing attention. The supramolecular system combines the structural merits of semiconductors and metal complexes, where the semiconductor harvests light and undertakes the oxidative site, while the metal complex provides activity for CO2 reduction. The intermolecular charge transfer plays crucial role in ensuring photocatalytic performance. Here, we review the progress of photocatalytic supramolecular systems in reduction of CO2 and highlight the interfacial charge transfer pathways, as well as their state‐of‐the‐art characterization methods. The remaining challenges and prospects for further design of supramolecular photocatalysts are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language is the most significant medium of human communication and one of the most crucial marks of a nation’s identity. Language differences are becoming a major source of worry and importance in contemporary multi-ethnic states. Language policies are developed and put into practice in these nations in a way that not only considers the historical, political, economic, and cultural aspects of the nation, but also protects the relationships and interests of the many nationalities. This study is divided into the following major sections. The introduction, which is the first section, includes a discussion of the topic’s goals and rationale, a review of the literature, the methodology and organizational framework of the paper, and an explanation of the paper’s important topics. The second section provides the policy’s overall backdrop, including the political and economic climate, the state of the language, the educational system, and the industry where it is formed. Language education policy development has the following characteristics: it is heavily impacted by political economics, and language education policy at the national and state level reflects both generalities and particularities. Language teaching and learning activities include early language education for children, a focus on communication activities and teacher training, and a close integration of school and home education. There is debate over whether teaching children’s multiple languages as part of their compulsory education causes stress for them. The implications of language education programs in other regions for China are examined in the final commentary.

This paper is a case study of the personal practical knowledge of two private middle school teachers, discussing the core teaching concepts and practices of private middle school teachers and their causes. The research shows that these two teachers have their own core concepts to guide teaching practice, and found that their personal experiences The social environment in which they live affects the formation of their core ideas to varying degrees. The article focuses on the great impact of the teaching and management mode of private schools on Teachers’ education ideas, and hopes to have more research in this regard. For a long time, private schools have been subordinates to the public education system, so the academic community has not paid enough attention to private teachers for a long time, but the impact of private school teachers on students is not weaker than that of public teachers, It should receive more attention from the academic community

Supramolecular systems consisting of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and Ni complex are designed for robust photocatalytic reduction of CO2. Multiple heteroatom‐hydrogen bonding between the COF and Ni complex is identified to play a decisive role in the photoexcited electron transfer across the liquid‐solid interface. The diminution of steric groups on COF or metal complex can optimize catalytic performance, which is more attributable to the enhanced hydrogen‐bond interaction rather than their intrinsic activity. The photosystem with relatively strong strength of hydrogen bonds exhibits remarkable photocatalytic CO2‐to‐CO conversion, far superior to photosystems with supported atomic Ni or metal complex alone in the absence of hydrogen‐bond effect. Such heteroatom‐hydrogen bonds bridging electron transport pathway confers supramolecular system with high photocatalytic performance, providing an avenue to rationally design efficient and steadily available photosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supramolecular systems consisting of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and Ni complex are designed for robust photocatalytic reduction of CO2. Multiple heteroatom‐hydrogen bonding between the COF and Ni complex is identified to play a decisive role in the photoexcited electron transfer across the liquid‐solid interface. The diminution of steric groups on COF or metal complex can optimize catalytic performance, which is more attributable to the enhanced hydrogen‐bond interaction rather than their intrinsic activity. The photosystem with relatively strong strength of hydrogen bonds exhibits remarkable photocatalytic CO2‐to‐CO conversion, far superior to photosystems with supported atomic Ni or metal complex alone in the absence of hydrogen‐bond effect. Such heteroatom‐hydrogen bonds bridging electron transport pathway confers supramolecular system with high photocatalytic performance, providing an avenue to rationally design efficient and steadily available photosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]