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Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(HUCMSCs) in cerebral palsy (CP) mice. Methods The exosomes from HUCMSCs were verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analyzer(NTA) and Western blot. The animals were randomly divided as sham operation group (sham group, n=8), model group[CP group, n=8, hypoxic induction after unilateral common carotid artery ligation combined with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) infection] and model exosome group (CP-Exo group, n=8, 125 μg exosomes was injected intravenously). Neuromotor function, the ability of grasping and balance were evaluated by Longa score, grid test and pole climbing test. The pathological lesion in brain tissue was observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, the synaptic structure of neurons was observed by TEM, the survival of neurons was detected by toluidine blue staining, and the expression levels of PSD-95 and synaptophysin (SYP) were detected by Western blot. Results The exosomes isolated were spherical and double-membrane vesicles with an average particle size of 123nm, which expressed TSG101 protein. In animal behavior tests, Longa score in CP group was significantly higher than sham group(P＜0.01) and CP-Exo group (P＜ 0.05). There was no plaque necrosis found in exosome group and the incidence of nerve fiber demyelination in the white matter area was significantly reduced than in the CP group (P＜0.01). The synaptic structure of the sham group was relatively normal, while the other two groups showed varying degrees of pathological changes. The general trend of pathological changes was CP group＞CP-Exo group＞ sham group. The number of Nissl bodies in hippocampal pyramidal cells in CP group was significantly less than that in sham group(P＜0.01), however, which was also less than that in CP-Exo group (P＜ 0.01). The expression of PSD-95 and SYP in CP group was significantly lower than that in sham group (P＜0.01), and the levels PSD-95 and SYP in CP-Exo group was significantly higher than those in CP group(P＜0.01). Conclusions HUCMSCs exosomes can promote the recovery of neural function of cerebral palsy mice, reduce synaptic damage and protect neuron cells by increasing the expression of PSD-95 and SYP.

Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cell(MSC-EXOs)carry lipids,proteins,nucleic acids and other signaling substances, which play an important role in intercellular communication, immune regulation and vascular regeneration. MSC-EXOs in pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis and other lung diseases can improve the function of the lung tissue and treat lung diseases by regulating different signaling pathways, reducing cell inflammatory reaction, regulating immune function, improving the function of mitochondria, promoting angiogenesis, reducing pulmonary vascular remodeling and etc.,which provides new ideas for the treatment of refractory lung diseases in the future.

The role of seed mucilage in the moist environments of monsoonal subtropics is poorly understood. We studied germination of six forb species from subtropical monsoonal China. Mucilage presence had little to no effect on germination percentage (G%), except for a significant decline for the large-seeded Prunella vulgaris. Dark treatments reduced G% for all species, while the combination of mucilage removal and high temperatures delayed the mean germination time (MGT). Seed fresh mass was negatively correlated with G%, but only for intact seeds incubated at 12/12 hours of 25/35 [degrees]C. The MGT of de-mucilaged seeds varied with seed shape index, also under the warmer temperature regime. Temperature and light are fundamental to drive germination processes, and the presence of mucilage influences MGT of subtropical monsoonal species. Presence or absence of mucilage had little to no difference in germination percentage, but can be important to drive germination timing, also promoting water uptake and seed adhesion to soil. Key words: mucilage, germination, photoperiod, seed traits, temperature, forbs Le role du mucilage des graines dans les environnements humides des regions subtropicales de mousson est mal compris. Les auteurs ont etudie la germination de six especes d'herbes non gramineennes de la Chine subtropicale de mousson. La presence de mucilage n'avait que peu ou pas d'effet sur le pourcentage de germination (G%), a l'exception d'une baisse significative chez Prunella vulgaris a grosses graines. Les traitements a l'obscurite reduisaient le G% chez toutes les especes, tandis que la combinaison de l'elimination du mucilage et des temperatures elevees retardait le temps moyen de germination (TMG). La masse fraiche des graines etait negativement correlee avec le G%, mais seulement chez les graines intactes incubees 12/12 heures a 25/35 [degrees]C. Le TMG des graines demucilaginees variait en fonction de l'indice de forme des graines, egalement sous un regime de temperatures plus chaudes. La temperature et la lumiere sont fondamentales pour mener les processus de germination, et la presence de mucilage influence le TMG des especes subtropicales de mousson. Il n'y avait que peu ou pas de differences dans le pourcentage de germination en fonction de la presence ou de l'absence de mucilage, mais celui-ci peut etre important pour determiner le moment de la germination, favorisant egalement l'absorption d'eau et l'adhesion des graines au sol. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : mucilage, germination, photoperiode, caracteristiques des graines, temperature, herbes non gramineennes, Introduction The production of mucilage on a seed/fruit dispersal unit during hydration (myxodiaspory) can serve one of several functions. It may protect the seed from predators and pathogens (Kreitschitz 2012; [...]

Background and purpose: The incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has increased annually with the popularity of mammography screening. However, current treatment strategies are mostly based on the results of prospective randomized clinical trials in western countries. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics, recurrence patterns and prognostic factors of Chinese DCIS patients, hoping to optimize clinical decision-making. Methods: Medical records of 1 185 DCIS patients treated in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from January 2008 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rate, disease-free survival (DFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the COX proportional hazards regression model. Results: With a median follow-up of 61 months, 50 treatment failure events were observed, including 16 locoregional recurrences, 30 contralateral breast cancer events and 4 distant metastases. The 5-year OS rate, LRFS rate and DFS rate were 99.9%, 98.7% and 96.6%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the positive status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was related to higher risk of local recurrence and the LRFS rate was poor (P=0.029). Conclusion: The patient with DCIS was associated with favorable prognosis. HER2 positivity was the risk factor for poor LRFS.

The ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide is a crucial route for producing biodegradable polylactides (PLAs). Developing an efficient catalyst for this process poses significant challenges. Herein, we report the successful incorporation of nickel during the crystallization of ZIF-67, the derivation of the abundant and stable CoO source, to obtain the composite magnetic Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 using the solid-state thermal (SST) method. The characterization of the resulting materials revealed that nickel atoms are well dispersed in the composite CoO@ZIF-67, imparting additional magnetic properties. The composite Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 demonstrated superior performance as a heterogeneous catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide compared to reference materials such as Ni-Hmim, CoO, ZIF-67, and CoO@ZIF-67. Furthermore, the magnetic property of Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 offers practical advantages, enabling easier separation and recycling of the catalyst. Notably, the SST method facilitates the single-step synthesis of composite magnetic Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 under solvent-free conditions, representing a significant advancement in catalyst development. This approach not only simplifies the synthesis process but also inspires further developments of heterogeneous magnetic catalysts for a variety of effective and diverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the development of predictive biomarkers for radiotherapy outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The study integrates the Radiosensitivity Index (RSI) with the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) TNBC classification to identify a specific TNBC subpopulation that exhibits radioresistance and an increased risk of local recurrence post-radiotherapy. The study identifies the SERPINB5 gene as a potential therapeutic target for radioresistance in high-risk TNBC patients. The research also reveals distinct immunological profiles in TNBC patients with radioresistant tumors, highlighting the importance of immune modulation in radioresistance. The study concludes that the integration of RSI and FUSCC TNBC subtypes can refine recurrence risk assessment and inform personalized radiotherapy approaches for high-risk TNBC patients. [Extracted from the article]

Near‐infrared (NIR)‐triggered shape memory hydrogels with promising mechanical strength hold immense potential in the field of biomedical applications and soft actuators. However, the optical and mechanical properties of currently reported hydrogels usually suffer from limited solubility and dispersion of commonly used photothermal additives in hydrogels, thus restricting their practical implementations. Here,, a set of NIR‐responsive shape memory hydrogels synthesized by polyaddition of diisocyanate‐terminated poly(ethylene glycol), imidazolidinyl urea (IU), and p‐benzoquinone dioxime (BQDO) is reported. The introduction of IU, a hydrogen bond reinforcing factor, significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the hydrogels, allowing for their tunable ranges of the ultimate tensile strength (0.4–2.5 MPa), elongation at break (210–450%), and Young's modulus (190–850 kPa). The unique hydrogels exhibit an intrinsic photothermal effect because of the covalently incorporated photothermal moiety (BQDO), and the photothermal supramolecular hydrogel shows controllable shape memory capabilities characterized by rapid recovery speed and high recovery ratio (>90%). This design provides new possibilities for applying shape memory hydrogels in the field of soft actuators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]