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Background: The positive changes in hygienic living conditions are commonly believed to explain secular changes in body height and the age of maturity. However, it is difficult to estimate the separate impacts of these factors due to the lack of social and economic data and variations in the sources of information. We hypothesized that final male body height could be associated with various socioeconomic indicators, such as the development of the medical care system, the quality of nutrition, and the level of sanitary and hygienic conditions. Moreover, we hypothesized that male body height could be associated with the level of morbidity in the region during the time of conscript childhood (from 1 to 7 years old). Materials and methods: We used two main sources of information in the analyses. The first is the data from the Statistical Reference Book published by the Central Statistical Committee in 1929. The second is the annual data from the Statistical Reference Book published in the Russian Empire. Since the conscripts were born between 1906 and 1909, we used datasets from 1910 to 1913. To analyze the data, we used a method of analyzing interacting variables called St. Nicolas House Analysis (SNHA). Results: Our analyses revealed direct associations between the morbidity of some diseases and male body height and other anthropometric parameters. Conclusions: There are associations between conscript final body height and the morbidity of influenza, dysentery and some venereal diseases, such as chancroid and syphilis. There were no associations between conscript final body height and the level of morbidity during childhood. However, other final parameters, such as BMI, weight, and chest circumference, could be associated with the morbidity of malaria, scabies, scurvy, and scarlet fever during childhood. The prevalence of these diseases could be strongly connected with unfavorable living conditions. The results are similar for both urban and rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Variable diagnostic criteria and growth charts have been used for extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR). The objective was to assess the prevalence and concordance of EUGR in extremely-low-birthweight (ELBW) infants with the most frequent diagnostic criteria and growth charts. Materials and methods: An observational, retrospective and multicenter study was conducted from 2011 to 2020 including ELBW infants from the Spanish SEN1500 Network. EUGR prevalence was calculated at discharge using different definitions: cross-sectional (anthropometry less than the 10th centile), longitudinal (decrease of more than 1 SD from birth to discharge), "true" cross-sectional and "true" longitudinal (using the criteria previously described, excluding infants small for gestational age at birth). Concordance among Fenton, Olsen and INTERGROWTH-21st was assessed with Fleiss' Kappa coefficient. Results: The prevalence of EUGR was variable with the different definitions and growth references studied in the 7914 ELBW infants included. Overall, it was higher with Fenton for all the EUGR criteria studied by weight and length. The agreement among growth charts was substantial (κ > 0.6) for all the definitions except for longitudinal EUGR by weight (moderate, κ = 0.578). Conclusions: The prevalence of EUGR was variable in our cohort with the different diagnostic criteria and growth charts. The agreement among charts was good for all the definitions of EUGR except longitudinal EUGR by weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasado y Memoria. Revista de Historia Contemporánea is the property of Pasado y Memoria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To systematically review the Indonesian Jamu reference book and summarize the available literature on commonly used formula for conditions like hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, skin diseases, arthritis, sexual disorders, and liver health. Gaps are highlighted and recommendations are made for future studies. Methods: Relevant information was extracted from book chapters into predefined categories. PubMed and Scopus were searched systematically for clinical trials, animal studies, and in vitro experiments evaluating Jamu formula and ingredients described in the book. Thirty (30) eligible studies were analyzed regarding proposed mechanisms of action, safety and efficacy. Results: Significant anti-hyperlipidemic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective and other relevant bioactivities were demonstrated in animal models evaluating formulations containing Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma longa, Orthosiphon stamineus, celery, green tea and Caesalpinia sappan. Small pilot trials also showed beneficial effect, but clinical studies are limited regarding quality and sample sizes. Conclusion: The findings provide preliminary pharmacological evidence largely supporting traditional Jamu use. However, well-designed randomized controlled trials in larger patient samples are needed to conclusively demonstrate therapeutic efficacy and clinical safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. An accurate urine analysis is a good indicator of the status of the renal and genitourinary system. However, limited studies have been done on comparing the diagnostic performance of the fully automated analyser and manual urinalysis especially in Ghana. This study evaluated the concordance of results of the fully automated urine analyser (Sysmex UN series) and the manual method urinalysis at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Methodology. Sixty-seven (67) freshly voided urine samples were analysed by the automated urine analyser Sysmex UN series and by manual examination at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Kappa and Bland-Altman plot analyses were used to evaluate the degree of concordance and correlation of both methods, respectively. Results. Substantial (κ = 0.711 , p < 0.01), slight (κ = 0.193 , p = 0.004), and slight (κ = 0.109 , p < 0.001) agreements were found for urine colour, appearance, and pH, respectively, between the manual and automated methods. A strong and significant correlation (r = 0.593 , p < 0.001) was found between both methods for specific gravity with a strong positive linear correlation observed for red blood cell count (r = 0.951 , R 2 = 0.904 , p < 0.001), white blood cell count (r = 0.907 , R 2 = 0.822 , p < 0.001), and epithelial cell count (r = 0.729 , R 2 = 0.532 , p < 0.001). A perfect agreement of urine chemistry results in both methods was observed for nitrite 67 (100%) (κ = 1.000 , p < 0.001) with a fair agreement for protein 46 (68.7%) (κ = 0.395 , p < 0.001). A strong agreement was found in both methods for the presence of cast 65 (97.0%) (κ = 0.734 , p < 0.001) with no concordance observed for the presence of crystals (κ = 0.115 , p = 0.326) and yeast-like cells (YLC) (κ = 0.171 , p = 0.116). Conclusion. The automated and manual methods showed similar performances and good correlation, especially for physical and chemical examination. However, manual microscopy remains necessary to classify urine sediments, particularly for bacteria and yeast-like cells. Future research with larger samples could help validate automated urinalysis for wider clinical use and identify areas requiring improved automated detection capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Wikipedia is the most frequently accessed online health information resource and is well positioned as a valuable tool for public health communication and knowledge translation. The authors aimed to explore their institution's health and medical research reach by analyzing its presence in Wikipedia articles. Methods: In October 2022, a comprehensive database search was constructed in PubMed to retrieve clinical evidence syntheses published by at least one author affiliated with McMaster University from 2017 to 2022, inclusive. Altmetric Explorer was queried using PubMed Identifiers and article titles to access metadata and Wikipedia citation data. 3,582 health evidence syntheses from at least one McMaster University affiliated author were analyzed. Results: Six percent (n=219) of health evidence syntheses from the authors' institution were cited 568 times in 524 unique Wikipedia articles across 28 different language editions. 45% of citations appeared in English Wikipedia, suggesting a broad global reach for the institutions' research outputs. When adjusted for open access publications, 8% of McMaster University's health evidence syntheses appear in Wikipedia. Conclusion: Altmetric Explorer is a valuable tool for exploring the reach of an institution's research outputs. Isolating Altmetric data to focus on Wikipedia citations has value for any institution wishing to gain more insight into the global, community-level reach of its contributions to the latest health and medical evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Problem‐solving skills (PSS) help to provide a systematic approach to dealing with and managing complex problems. The overall aim of this study was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of developing and adapting a prison‐based PSS workbook for adults within a medium‐ and low‐secure hospital. Method: We used the Medical Research Council framework in our participatory mixed methods study incorporating an adapted survey (to identify what types of problems people experience in secure hospitals), a series of three interactive workshops (to co‐produce two case study examples for a workbook) and we gathered feedback from patients and hospital staff on the acceptability and feasibility of the workbook. Data from the survey were used to inform the case study examples, and the feedback from patients and hospital staff was descriptively summarised and the results consolidated. Results: In total, 82 (51%) patients took part in the survey; 22 patients and 49 hospital staff provided feedback on the workbook. The survey results indicated that patients regularly experience problems while in the hospital. Patients reported problems relating to restrictions of freedom and boredom. The workshops produced two case studies for the workbooks, with mainly positive patient and staff feedback. More work is required to improve the visual representation of the characters in the case studies, the amount and content of the language and the mechanism of the intervention delivery. Conclusion: The adaptation process proved acceptable and feasible to both patients and staff. The co‐production methodology for the workbook and feedback from patients and staff was an effective way of iteratively refining the materials to ensure that they were both meaningful and acceptable to staff and patients. Subsequent work is required to develop the workbook and evaluate the feasibility of the intervention delivery, recruitment rates, uptake and adherence to the PSS using a randomised controlled trial. Patient or Public Contribution: At each stage of the project consultation with patients and/or hospital staff was involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In physical environments and cultural landscapes, we most often deal not with separate colors, but with color combinations. When choosing a color, we usually try to "fit" it into a preexisting color context, making the new color combination harmonious. Yet are the "laws" of color harmony fundamental to our shared cognitive architecture, or are they cultural products that vary from country to country? To answer these questions we conducted an experiment with 599 participants aged 18 to 76 from eight different countries, including Algeria (MA = 26.2 years; SD = 8.8; 49 men, 26 women), Belarus (MA = 19.8 years; SD = 9.1; 19 men, 63 women), Italy (MA = 29.0 years; SD = 12.8; 23 men, 67 women), Mexico (MA = 20.0 years; SD = 7.0; 34 men, 23 women), Nigeria (MA = 34.7 years; SD = 10.5; 29 men, 32 women), Russia (MA = 24.6 years; SD = 6.3; 17 men, 72 women), Saudi Arabia (MA = 24.5 years; SD = 8.6; 28 men, 38 women), and Chile (MA = 34.3 years; SD = 15.1; 35 men, 43 women). To create experimental stimuli, we used 10 color combinations composed by the Russian avant-garde artist Mikhail Matyushin and his disciples for the Reference Book of Color (1932) based on shades that were typical in architectural design—yellow ochre, light umber, light ochre, and burnt umber. We removed the "intermediary" linking color from each of the selected color triads and asked participants to adjust the color of this band according to their liking. Mapping 2995 color choices into CIELAB and CIELCh color space to identify their chromatic characteristics (hue, lightness, and chroma), we demonstrate graphically that color triads in different cultures have a different "geometry" in CIELAB color space and on the color circle. We conclude that the revealed patterns of these relationships reflect cross-cultural "shifts" in human perception of color harmony. The analysis presented in this paper will facilitate opportunities for architects, designers, and other color professionals to create culturally specific harmonic color combinations in urban environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extended breadth, brilliant historical background and powerful ancient empires lead researchers to conclude that Iran must have been powerful enough in those eras in scientific domains especially in terms of geographical knowledge. But the remaining scientific works in geographical arena isn't considerable enough. In the present study, using the literature review method, an attempt has been made to reveal few geographical references about Iran prior to the advent of Islam. These references are books, manuscripts, inscription and epopee forms. Among the books, the Avesta, Bundahisn, Denkart, and Menog-i Khrad have a significant importance. Moreover, Sahrestänihä ï Êrânsahr, The wonder and remarkability of Sagastän, History of Karkä de Bet Selök, The Chronicle of Arbela, Parthian Stations and Movses Khorenatsi are geography books that too discuss geographical issues of ancient Iran. The letters of ancient kings such as Ardashir-e Babakan, Tansar and Artabanus to Susa citizens also contain information about geography. Some inscriptions from ancient Iran have geographic concepts such as Darius, Persepolis, Susa, Xerxes I and Shapur I. There is a lack of geographers' name in ancient Iran same as scientific references about geography. Only two people named Isidore Charax and Movses Khorenatsi could be found who studied the Iranian geography, directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Two Homelands / Dve Domovini is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: International guidelines for the management of patients with low back pain (LBP) are available, but there are no India‑specific guidelines for the diagnosis and management of LBP in primary care. This article aims to provide clinical insights for the diagnosis and treatment of LBP for primary care practitioners in India. Methods: A 3‑step modified Delphi method was used to get insights and opinions from a panel of 9 multidisciplinary specialist (neurology, orthopedics, and pain management). In rounds 1 and 2, 203 and 60 statements, respectively, were circulated to the expert panel and they were asked to respond with an “agree” or “disagree” to each statement and provide comments. At least 80% of the experts had to agree for a statement to reach a concordance. More than 80% concordance was reached for 175 and 32 statements in rounds 1 and 2, respectively. Round 3 was a direct interaction with the experts. Results: There was good agreement among the expert panelist in round 3 for the consensus‑derived statements from the earlier two rounds of the survey. The panel agreed that diagnostic triage is important to exclude specific spinal pathology, routine imaging is not recommended unless suspecting serious pathology, specialist referral is needed for serious pathologies/no improvement in pain with treatment, and management is to be individualized depending on etiology and patient factors. Conclusions: Primary care physicians are the first point of contact for patients with back pain. These consensus recommendations will assist primary care physicians in India to choose an appropriate course of action for managing patients with LBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The findings from a pilot study on specific historical aspects of botanical reference books indicate that dictionaries represent a subset of branch reference literature within the corresponding scientific field, essentially serving as systematized derivatives of research studies. Primarily encapsulating informative content, these botanical dictionaries succinctly document objective academic knowledge for distinct periods. The evolution of reference books (botanical dictionaries as well) involves not only quantitative expansion but also qualitative advancements. The development of botanical vocabulary is delineated into three distinct stages, elucidating the characteristics of chronological formation and structural nuances in compendiums. Examining various botanical dictionaries exemplifies the diverse and multidimensional nature of these scholarly reference publications and their integral role in the broader landscape of encyclopedic knowledge.

Objectives: To describe and compare the references cited in popular books about diet and health between the USA and Japan. Design: Books were selected based on their best-seller rankings in the diet and health category of online bookstores. We identified references throughout all pages of the books and examined the number of references, reference format (identifiable or not) and presence of specific types of references, such as systematic reviews of human research. We compared the characteristics of references between the two countries and examined related factors to citation. Setting: Cross-sectional study. Participants: Books (n 100 in each country). Results: Among 100 books from each country, sixty-five US and sixty-six Japanese books had references. Forty-five US books cited more than 100 references, against only five Japanese books. The number of books that cited systematic reviews of human research differed between the USA (n 49) and Japan (n 9). Additionally, the number of books that provided identifiable information for all references was significantly higher in the USA (n 63) than in Japan (n 42). Books whose first authors have licences of medical doctors were more likely to cite references than those without in both countries. Conclusions: Two-thirds of books about diet and health cited references in both the USA and Japan, but Japanese books cited fewer references and were less likely to cite systematic reviews and provide identifiable references than US books. Further research into the scientific reliability of information in books about diet and health is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regular Expressions (RegEx) can be employed as a technique for supervised learning to define and search for specific patterns inside text. This work devised a method that utilizes regular expressions to convert the reference style of academic papers into several styles, dependent on the specific needs of the target publication or conference. Our research aimed to detect distinctive patterns of reference styles using RegEx and compare them with a dataset including various reference styles. We gathered a diverse range of reference format categories, encompassing seven distinct classes, from various sources such as academic papers, journals, conference proceedings, and books. Our approach involves employing RegEx to convert one referencing format to another based on the user's specific preferences. The proposed model demonstrated an accuracy of 57.26% for book references and 57.56% for journal references. We used the similarity ratio and Levenshtein distance to evaluate the dataset's performance. The model achieved a 97.8% similarity ratio with a Levenshtein distance of 2. Notably, the APA style for journal references yielded the best results. However, the effectiveness of the extraction function varies depending on the reference style. For APA style, the model showed a 99.97% similarity ratio with a Levenshtein distance of 1. Overall, our proposed model outperforms baseline machine learning models in this task. This study introduces an automated program that utilizes regular expressions to modify academic reference formats. This will enhance the efficiency, precision, and adaptability of academic publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Al-Quran is Muslims' main book of belief and behaviour. The Al-Quran is used as a reference book by millions of Muslims worldwide, and as such, it is useful for Muslims in general and Muslim academics to gain knowledge from it. Many translators have worked on the Quran's translation into many different languages around the world, including English. Thus, every translator has his/her own perspectives, statements, and opinions when translating verses acquired from the (Tafseer) of the Quran. However, this work aims to cluster these variations among translations of the Tafseer by utilising text clustering. As a part of the text mining approach, text clustering includes clustering documents according to how similar they are. This study adapted the (k-means) clustering technique algorithm (unsupervised learning) to illustrate and discover the relationships between keywords called features or concepts for five different translators on the 286 verses of the Al-Baqarah chapter. The datasets have been preprocessed, and features extracted by applying TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency). The findings show two/three-dimensional clustering plotting for the first two/three most frequent features assigned to seven cluster categories (k = 7) for each of five translated Tafseer. The features 'allah/god', 'believ', and 'said' are the three most features shared by the five Tafseer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Purpose] The aim of the article is to cover the main definitions of the concept of artificial intelligence, its origins, characteristics, grounds for application, as well as direct interaction and influence on the implementation of the main tasks of justice through the use and development of artificial intelligence in the judicial procedure. [Methodology/Approach/Design] To solve the tasks set, the study employed the appropriate methods and materials of scientific research, namely dialectical, historical, statistical, sociological, and other methods of cognition of processes and phenomena, including specialised methods of grammatical consideration and interpretation of legal norms. Furthermore, an entire block of logical methods was used, including classification (upon creating a complete classification and structuring of scientific hypotheses and assumptions), extrapolation, induction and deduction, analogy, abstraction, comparison. [Findings] This paper investigates the emergence and transformation of artificial intelligence in modern technological and information relations, its gradual introduction in various spheres of life, namely the ways of implementation and the possibility of application in justice. Furthermore, the study analyses possible ways and legal consequences of introducing artificial intelligence into the e-justice system in Ukraine and proposes the stages of reformation. [Practical Implications] The materials of this study are of practical value in the implementation of the goals set for the active use of artificial intelligence tools and their gradual improvement, including the development of methodological guidelines, legislative acts covering the judicial procedure and reference books and recommendations for the interpretation of regulations that have already been adopted in the process of introducing electronic justice in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article for the first time presents a biography and considers the circumstances of the tragic death of Alexei Ivanovich Mikhailovsky, a lecturer in English and a compiler of the fundamental three-volume reference book “Teachers who studied and served at the Imperial Kazan University (1804–1904)”. Attention is paid to the conditions of Mikhailovsky’s work on a reference book in connection with the preparations for the 100th anniversary of Kazan University. The features of the material published by him as a unique source on the history of the university are revealed.

The article "Design and development of educational organizations" is a book written by José Luís Muñoz Moreno and Joaquín Gairín Sallán that addresses the importance of continuous improvement and being open to the environment in educational organizations. The authors focus on theories, models, and intervention proposals in both schools and educational organizations linked to social and community development. The book is structured into four sections and eleven chapters that cover topics such as the philosophy of organizations, the design and development of educational organizations, the organization and management of different types of educational centers, evaluation and improvement of educational organizations, and the role of the organizational framework in innovation and research. This book is a reference for students and professionals interested in the organization and management of educational institutions. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Arts Magazine is the property of Thamar University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Background: To compare the ability of the Cox regression and machine learning algorithms to predict the survival of patients with Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Methods: Patients diagnosed with ATC were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The outcomes were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), divided into: (1) binary data: survival or not at 6 months and 1 year; (2): time-to-event data. The Cox regression method and machine learnings were used to construct models. Model performance was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), brier score and calibration curves. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was deployed to interpret the results of machine learning models. Results: For binary outcomes, the Logistic algorithm performed best in the prediction of 6-month OS, 12-month OS, 6-month CSS, and 12-month CSS (C-index = 0.790, 0.811, 0.775, 0.768). For time-event outcomes, traditional Cox regression exhibited good performances (OS: C-index = 0.713; CSS: C-index = 0.712). The DeepSurv algorithm performed the best in the training set (OS: C-index = 0.945; CSS: C-index = 0.834) but performs poorly in the verification set (OS: C-index = 0.658; CSS: C-index = 0.676). The brier score and calibration curve showed favorable consistency between the predicted and actual survival. The SHAP values was deployed to explain the best machine learning prediction model. Conclusions: Cox regression and machine learning models combined with the SHAP method can predict the prognosis of ATC patients in clinical practice. However, due to the small sample size and lack of external validation, our findings should be interpreted with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of Islamic State is one of the most popular political concepts in the Islamic world, including in Malaysia. The study was conducted to look at the development of the Islamic State concept in general and its development in Malaysia in particular. Study is carried out qualitatively where a variety of references have been fabricated references based on authentic and reliable articles, books and reference materials. Study shows that Malaysia, after 66 years of independence, has experienced Islamization by its leaders in various aspects of life and administration in order to meet the criteria as an Islamic State and a Muslim majority. This study is to show Malaysia as a sovereign country that has a Muslim king and its administration held by leaders of various religious and cultural backgrounds lead by Malay Muslim has diversified their efforts with various brands and work movements in upholding Islam as a federal religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comunicação Pública is the property of Escola Superior de Comunicacao Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cultura Latinoamericana is the property of Universidad Catolica de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research compares automatic subject metadata generation when the pre-1800s Long-S character is corrected to a standard < s >. The test environment includes entries from the third edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica, and the HIVE automatic subject indexing tool. A comparative study of metadata generated before and after correction of the Long-S demonstrated an average of 26.51 percent potentially relevant terms per entry omitted from results if the Long-S is not corrected. Results confirm that correcting the Long-S increases the availability of terms that can be used for creating quality metadata records. A relationship is also demonstrated between shorter entries and an increase in omitted terms when the Long-S is not corrected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study examined the feasibility, reach, and potential impact of using Wikipedia as a tool for hearing health promotion. Activities involved editing existing Portuguese-language Wikipedia hearing health articles, as well as translating English-language hearing health articles to Portuguese during the Wiki4WorldHearingDay2019 and Wiki4YearOfSound2020 online campaigns. The Wikipedia efforts that took place in Brazil were carried out by 10 volunteer undergraduate students in Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, in Brazil. Among new and existing Wikipedia articles, the group edited 37 articles, which attracted more than 220,000 views during the set tracking period. Students were responsible for 60% of the Portuguese-language edits during the Wiki4WorldHearingDay2019 campaign and more than 90% of the Portuguese-language edits during the first half of the Wiki4YearOfSound2020 campaign. Moreover, the quality indexes for pages either created or edited were improved in all situations by registering an increase rate ranging from 33% to 100%. Wikipedia-centered activities expanded the availability of quality scientific content, written in plain language, to the public. Students worked together in order to select topics, assess existing information, validate it, create new content, and share information—steps that contributed to the mission of health promotion and knowledge dissemination for the benefit of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Great Dictionary of Taoism, published by Huaxia Publishing House in 1994 and compiled by the Chinese Taoist Association and Suzhou Taoist Association, is the first comprehensive reference book on Taoism in the world. The dictionary has provided invaluable assistance for scholars of Taoism. However, in the last three decades, with the flourishing research on the language of Taoist literature, the inadequacies in the Great Dictionary of Taoism have gradually become apparent. Therefore, a systematic revision of this dictionary is necessary. Based on a selection of 700 typical entries with obvious problems from the Great Dictionary of Taoism, this paper conducts a detailed study of their errors from five key areas: entries, meanings, definitions, documentary evidence, and convention. By providing examples and proposing correctional suggestions, the paper aims to provide a necessary reference for the revision of the Great Dictionary of Taoism. The Great Dictionary of Taoism serves as a vital link between the sacred world and the secular society in Taoism, and this study will help Taoist priests, believers, and researchers accurately understand complex Taoist ideologies and practice patterns. It is significant for the inheritance and promotion of Taoist culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The year 2023 marks the 140th anniversary of the birth of Academician Nikolay Stojanov and the 130th anniversary of the birth of Academician Daki Jordanov - two great names in the Bulgarian botanical science. It seems a good occasion to show our respect and gratitude to those scholars and university professors, who made the Bulgarian botanical science proud. Along with their concise biographical data, we shall learn about their advancement across the years in education, science, teaching and administration. Their major scientific works are also mentioned, most of which are still preferred as reference books by many Bulgarian botanists. They were our scholars, teachers, founders and first principals of the Institute of Botany with the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, organizers and chairmen of the Bulgarian Botanical Society. They used to occupy important administrative and management posts at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and Sofia University. Today, they are still constantly present with us to judge us by their high standards and enhance our self-confidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are electronic reference books visible in academic libraries? A survey administered to librarians at colleges and universities in the southern United States is used to ascertain the presence and promotion of electronic reference books in academic libraries. Findings reveal that electronic reference books are not as visible in academic libraries (both online and in library buildings) as traditional print reference is. Librarians surveyed indicate they promote electronic reference books more than print reference books. To gain an understanding of what needs more marketing, librarians should examine usage statistics. Librarians should employ a variety of ways to market and promote electronic reference books, and assess which methods work best to reach patrons. In addition, librarians and classroom faculty should work together in collection development and in endorsing the usage of electronic reference books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arte, Individuo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research aims at: rooting for the truth of the jurisprudential portrayal, showing its importance, controls, and obstacles, and the impact of portraying the jurisprudential issue on jurisprudence and contemporary calamities. It is judged by a judgment, and the understanding of the jurisprudential issue and the coming down comes in the first place for the one looking into it before asking for its ruling, and this is of great importance and narrowing the gap of disagreement, and the depiction of the jurisprudential issue has controls, including: resorting to God and seeking help from Him, and exerting the wide in the perception of the incident the correct and complete perception, and sounding the words of the people Knowledge of problematic issues and comparison between them, reference to books that deal with mentioning the problem and its answer, knowledge of the jurisprudential skills and landmarks necessary when studying contemporary emerging issues, and there are a number of obstacles to depicting the jurisprudential issue, including: distance from the generation of companions and the creation of a new understanding, negligence and lack of understanding of the issue, and intolerance The doctrine, the error in transferring from the doctrine or not standing on it, the possibility of terminology, change and alteration in matters of life, and the depiction of the jurisprudential issue has important effects on jurisprudence and contemporary issues, Including: protecting the side of the Sharia from challenging it or replacing it due to its inability to include the rulings of contemporary calamities, and the mujtahid not getting reward for his diligence, and avoiding the occurrence of error in the jurisprudential ruling, or the abnormality of his saying, or adherence to it in what contradicts the rules of the Sharia, collecting sayings, and editing the place of dispute, narrowing the gap of disagreement, differentiating between similar jurisprudential issues, avoiding error in attributing to the doctrine or the scholar, and bringing the science of jurisprudence closer and understanding its understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The educational system's support for education and research includes the library and information center, which significantly influences how people teach, learn, and conduct research. The present research investigated the extent to which undergraduate and postgraduate students from various departments at Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning (SSSIHL), Anantapur Women's Campus, make use of library resources for their academic purposes. The objective of this research is to assess the library resources, services, and facilities available at Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning (SSSIHL), specifically at Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh. A comprehensive dataset was obtained from a group of 150 students who participated in the online survey and submitted full responses. The study's result found that the majority of participants 32.67 percent visited the library twice a week. Mostly use the library to obtain books and reference materials, and the resources offered by the library. Approximately 62.67% of the participants visit the library to borrow books and read the competitive materials, and 59.33% of them used the OPAC search tool to find required documents in the library. Furthermore, a significant number of respondents (94.67 percent) consistently relied on subject textbooks for their academic needs. However, the study concluded that the extent of library resource utilization does not have a significant impact on students' academic performance. Based on the study's findings, several recommendations were proposed to enhance library usage. The most prominent suggestion was to acquire more current and pertinent information sources for the library, ensuring that students have access to the latest research and educational materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article report that the World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a monograph on Miltefosine in The International Pharmacopoeia to control the quality of Miltefosine active pharmaceutical ingredient on the market. It also presents information on the identity and quality control tests for Miltefosine, an antiprotozoal drug, including infrared spectrophotometry, thin-layer chromatography, for impurity A, determination of heavy metals, and water content.

The article presents the proposed guidelines for the quality control of Miltefosine capsules, a drug used in the treatment of leishmaniasis. It mentions that the document provides information on the definition, identity tests, and dissolution requirements for the capsules, and invites manufacturers, regulatory authorities, and other stakeholders to provide feedback on the proposed monograph to be included in The International Pharmacopoeia.

BACKGROUND: In multi-transfused thalassemia patients, serological phenotyping fails to test patient's actual blood group antigen profile due to the presence of donor red blood cell (RBC) in the circulation. This limitation of serological tests can be overcome by genotype determination using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods. The aim of this study is to compare the serological phenotyping of Kell, Kidd, and Duffy blood group systems with molecular genotyping in the normal blood donors and multi-transfused thalassaemia patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples from 100 normal blood donors and 50 thalassemia patients were tested using standard serological techniques and PCR-based methods for Kell (K/k), Kidd (Jka/Jkb), and Duffy (Fya/Fyb) blood group systems. The results were compared for concordance. RESULTS: Genotyping and phenotyping results were 100% concordant for normal blood donors whereas those for thalassemia patients showed 24% discordance. The frequency of alloimmunization in thalassemia patients was 8%. The results of genotyping were used to provide Kell, Kidd, and Duffy matched blood for transfusion therapy to thalassemia patients. CONCLUSION: The actual antigen profile in multitransfused thalassaemia patients can be reliably determined using genotyping. This would benefit in providing better antigen matched transfusion therapy to such patients hence reducing the rate of alloimmunization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To identify the social prescribing-related terminology within the peer-reviewed literature of the UK and the grey literature from Wales. Background: Social prescribing has seen a period of development that has been accompanied by a proliferation of related terminology and a lack of standardisation in the manner in which it is employed. This creates barriers to engagement and impairs communication, both between professionals and members of the public. The Wales School for Social Prescribing Research and Public Health Wales committed to the development of a glossary of terms for social prescribing, to facilitate the clarification and standardisation of the associated terminology. Here, we describe the first step in that process. Method: A scoping review of the peer-reviewed UK literature and Welsh grey literature was conducted. The titles and abstracts of 46,242 documents and the full text of 738 documents were screened. Data were charted from 205 documents. Data capture included terminology, the location within the UK of the research or intervention described in the article, and the perspective from which the article was authored. A general inductive approach was used to categorise the terms by theme. Findings: This research serves to highlight the breadth and diversity of the terminology associated with social prescribing. Results demonstrate aspects of shared commonality and clear distinction between the terminology from the two literature sources. The greatest contributions of terms were from articles that examined research and/or interventions in England and that were authored from the perspective of health or health and social care. The research indicates that nation- and sector-specific terms may not be adequately represented in the literature at large. Looking forward, it will be important to ensure that social prescribing terminology within the UK literature is culturally relevant and accurately reflects the terminology used by the workforce who encounter and deliver social prescribing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article will elucidate the concept and implementation of Islamic education (PAI) in Indonesian Islamic educational institutions. The authors wish to elucidate the concept and implementation of PAI in Indonesian Islamic educational institutions based on these issues. Using a combination of qualitative research and literature design, this research problem is addressed. The following are the study's conclusions: Due to the following variables: 1) PAI implementation does not always proceed effortlessly. First, PAI is significantly less effective at boosting student morale. Second, there is an absence of comprehension among students who adhere to their religion's tenets; third, students, including professors, are frequently exposed to radicalism. Individual devotion is the fourth element of religious ritualism. The implementation of PAI as a subject in madrasas and pesantren is nearly identical, with the exception that pesantren employs more literal references to the yellow book than madrasas, which use textbooks published by the Ministry of Religion. In Islamic institutions, PAI materials are arranged alongside tarbiyah movement materials, which is a distinguishing feature. The implementation of PAI in PTKI is integrated into a number of course materials, including Al-Qur'an, Hadith, Akidah, and Morals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie IV, Historia Moderna is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Babel A.F.I.A.L. is the property of Babel A.F.I.A.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Learning styles vary among the students at the university level which has changed from traditional to more technology pervaded strategies involving digital gadgets. The Academic libraries are being challenged to upgrade from old fashioned hard copy resources to digital libraries including electronic books. Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to assess the preferences of using printed books versus e-books. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional survey design was used to collect the data. A total of 607 students were included in the study. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Results showed that 86.8% of the students were in undergraduate program with 48.9% students in the second year of the program, 95.6% in the age group of 17–26 years and 59.5% of them being females. The study concluded that 74.6% of students prefer e-books in terms of easy to carry and 80.6% of them spent more than 1 h reading from e-books, while 66.7% of the students preferred printed books due to the ease in studying and 67.9% favored as it is easy to make notes. However, 54% of them felt studying from the digital copies difficult. Conclusion: The study concludes that the students prefer e-books as they spent more time reading from e-books and are easy to carry; while traditional printed copy is comfortable to use and easy to take notes and study for exams. Implications for practice: As many changes are happening in the instructional design strategies with the introduction of hybrid methods of teaching and learning, the findings of the study will guide the stake holders and educational policy makers to design novel and modernized educational design that has a psychological, and social impact among the students.

Copyright of Thi Qar Arts Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Of course, when the name of the Hanafī sect is mentioned, the founder Imam Abu Hanifa comes to mind, while it is clear that the name of Abu Yusuf and Imam Muhammad, who immediately took over as the spokesman of the sect, cannot be passed on without mentioning the name of the Hanafī sect. Besides these, Zufar al-Husayl and Hasan b. Ziyād will come. Abu Hanif is considered an absolute mujtahid, others are generally considered to be intra-sectarian mujtahideen. Although they all think the same about some issues, they can be divided into two or three groups in some, and they can all think differently about some issues. Among these students, Hasan b Ziyād stands out as his ravi because he narrated hadith from Abu Hanifa. He first attended Abu Hanifa's lecture ring, and when he passed away, he continued the lectures of Imam Zufar and Abu Yusuf and reached the level of ijtihad. Some of the scholars who have known him have said, “We have not seen any faqih before him.” He has trained many students. It has been claimed by some scholars that there are rumors that oppose the rumors that come with a strong ravi chain. Besides, many scholars have also modified it. There are no extant works of his. His views are reached thanks to references to his books in various Works. There is no study on the fiqh views of Hasan b Ziyād in our country. In the Islamic world, there is no study conducted on the al- Mabsut axis. In order to determine the views of Şemsüleimme es-Serahsi on the axis of al- Mubsut, it has been tried to be the first work that gives the most space to his views in a timely manner. Sarahsi notes that Hasan b Ziyād stood out among Abu Hanifa's other students in the field of asking questions, Deciphering ‘/main issues, and knowledge of accounts. It has been established that Hasan b Ziyād considers himself in opposition to the first three imams of the Hanafī sect in twenty issues related to worship. In three of these views, he considers the same as Imam Zufar. When we look at the views of Hasan b Ziyād, it is understood that he is an intra-sectarian mujtahid, since he performs ijtihad within the framework of the general procedure of the sect. It is seen that reasons such as the omen of verses related to the subject, the strength of the hadiths to be evidence, different comparisons and mental retention are effective in his thinking differently from other imams. Hasan b Ziyād thinks differently about the following issues in the department of worship: Wetting the head while performing ablution, vomiting is vomiting while praying, Bathing on Friday, well cleaning, the use of dog skin, travel betting, Friday is the adhan, performing prayer worship with sign language, Reciting the Fâtiha prayer in prayer, prayer is not accidental, an accident of prayer worship for a person who has just become a Muslim, prayer worship with the congregation, it's time for the afternoon prayer, violation of ablution during prayer, it's a nezir itikaf, alms given during the month of Ramadan, private matters related to women, farew. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper seeks to investigate the representation of a relevant number of gendered epithets in two prominent Romanian dictionaries, the most recent edition of DOOM (2021, Third Edition) and the current edition of DEX (2016, Revised Edition based on the first and second editions). Taking into account the prescriptive dimension which both these dictionaries share and the fact that they both retain their status as significant reference books in present-day Romania, the paper examines the way in which these current dictionaries choose to describe these words, arguing for the significance of the "metadata" (Nunberg, 2018; Pullum, 2018) component in the lexicographical representation of lexical items which can function as gendered insults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerns about the animal rights are more prominent than they have ever been, and people's actions are questioned in this context. Islam has introduced several fundamental principles that command us to follow for the protection of animals are integral element of the ecosystem. Despite the Prophet Muhammad's (saw) command to avoid all kinds of ill-treatment against animals, some narrations regarding the practice of marking (is'har) the sacrificial animals (hady) to be sent to the Ka'bah in order to make them distinct have led to different interpretations. The main objective of this article is to examine the narrated hadiths for their certainty and implications and to determine whether the practice of ish'ar is based on the sunnah. This work elaborates on the narrations regarding the practice of ish'ar that are present in the key reference books on hadith and uses the first-period classical sources to establish Abu Hanifa's perspective on the narrations. Some ahl al-sunnah scholars criticized Abu Hanifa for assuming ish'ar as cruelty (muthlah) and considering it makruh, in defiance of the mashhur narrations that are deemed authentic in terms of their chain of narrators. This article discusses the importance Islam places on animals and Abu Hanifa's perspective on the narrations regarding ish'ar, and the objections raised against it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the color combinations composed by the Russian avant-garde artist Mikhail Matyushin and his disciples for the Reference Book of Color (1932), summarizing their experimental research on the psychophysiology of color perception. Having extracted 90 colors from the 34 hand-painted charts of the book's first edition, we mapped these colors into CIELAB and CIELCh color space to identify their chromatic characteristics (hue, lightness, and chroma) and their combination criteria. We demonstrate graphically that each of Matyushin's color triads has a similar "geometry" in CIELAB color space and on the color circle, with the "intermediary" color much closer to the environment background color than to the main color. We conclude that the revealed patterns of these relationships are identical in all four sections of the Reference Book and reflect underlying principles of Mathyshin's theory of color as well as fundamental aspects of human perception. The analysis presented in this paper will facilitate opportunities for artists, architects, designers, and other color professionals to use Matyushin's original color charts and incorporate Matyushin's style in creating their own triads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cars is a film that tells about the life of a racer named Lightning McQueen who has big ambitions to win the prestigious racing event, the Piston Cup. Apart from being an entertainment medium, Film Cars has moral values and character education in it. The aims of this research are to (1) analyze the movie Cars to find out the moral values and character education contained in it, (2) also want to know the relevance of the moral values and character education of class X students to the film Cars. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method, with mobile phones, laptop as research instruments, and materials such as, journals, and books as references. After the data was analyzed, it was found that the car movie actually has moral values like honesty, tolerance, fairness, wisdom, discipline, compassion, helpfulness, courage, cooperation, and democratic. It also has character educations such as honesty, tolerance, hard work, curiosity, respect of achievement, love for the homeland, love of peace, social care, sociable/talkative, responsibility. The relevance of Cars movie to the moral values and character education of students can be seen from each student, and its application in everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Arts & Social Sciences (JASS) is the property of Sultan Qaboos University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)