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Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of systemic inflammation, assessed by high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) levels, on prediabetes progression and regression in middle‐aged and older adults based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Methods: Participants with prediabetes from CHARLS were followed up 4 years later with blood samples collected for measuring fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The level of hs‐CRP was assessed at baseline and categorized into tertiles (low, middle, and high groups). Prediabetes at baseline and follow‐up was defined primarily according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). We also performed stratified analyses according to age, gender, BMI, the presence of hypertension, and the disease history of heart disease and dyslipidemia and sensitivity analyses excluding a subset of participants with incomplete data. Results: Of the 2,874 prediabetes included at baseline, 834 participants remained as having prediabetes, 146 progressed to diabetes, and 1,894 regressed to normoglycemia based on ADA criteria with a 4 year follow‐up. After multivariate logistics regression analysis, prediabetes with middle (0.67–1.62 mg/L) and high (>1.62 mg/L) hs‐CRP levels had an increased incidence of progressing to diabetes compared with prediabetes with low hs‐CRP levels (<0.67 mg/L; OR = 1.846, 95%CI: 1.129–3.018; and OR = 1.632, 95%CI: 0.985–2.703, respectively), and the incidence of regressing to normoglycemia decreased (OR = 0.793, 95%CI: 0.645–0.975; and OR = 0.769, 95%CI: 0.623–0.978, respectively). Stratified analyses and sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. Conclusions: Low levels of hs‐CRP are associated with a high incidence of regression from prediabetes to normoglycemia and reduced odds of progression to diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ankle‐link complex (ALC) consists of USH2A, WHRN, PDZD7, and ADGRV1 and plays an important role in hair cell development. At present, its architectural organization and signaling role remain unclear. By establishing Adgrv1 Y6236fsX1 mutant mice as a model of the deafness‐associated human Y6244fsX1 mutation, the authors show here that the Y6236fsX1 mutation disrupts the interaction between adhesion G protein‐coupled receptor V subfamily member 1 (ADGRV1) and other ALC components, resulting in stereocilia disorganization and mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) deficits. Importantly, ADGRV1 inhibits WHRN phosphorylation through regional cAMP‐PKA signaling, which in turn regulates the ubiquitination and stability of USH2A via local signaling compartmentalization, whereas ADGRV1 Y6236fsX1 does not. Yeast two‐hybrid screening identified the E3 ligase WDSUB1 that binds to WHRN and regulates the ubiquitination of USH2A in a WHRN phosphorylation‐dependent manner. Further FlAsH‐BRET assay, NMR spectrometry, and mutagenesis analysis provided insights into the architectural organization of ALC and interaction motifs at single‐residue resolution. In conclusion, the present data suggest that ALC organization and accompanying local signal transduction play important roles in regulating the stability of the ALC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evening primrose oil (EPO) is rich in linolenic acid, which has important physiological activity and attracted more and more attention. As a cold sterilization technology, irradiation is widely used in food preservation. However, the effect of irradiation on the flavour quality of EPO is unclear. The volatile aroma compounds examined by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), combined with the odour activity value, are used to identify important odours in EPO. Principal component analysis (PCA), cluster heatmap analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis are used to analyse the data to illustrate the impact of different radiation doses. The results show that the types and composition of volatile substances have changed, among which aldehydes have increased the most. Hexanal, (E,Z)‐2,4‐decadienal, and (E)‐2‐octenal, 1‐octen‐3‐ol were confirmed to play an important role in the formation of the green, fast, oily, and fishy aroma profile of EPO. In addition, the cluster analysis and PCA analysis showed that the flavour of 5 and 10 kGy was similar, but it was different from that of 1 kGy. In general, after the irradiation treatment, the flavour quality of EPO deteriorates, and the content of undesirable flavour substances increases. Additionally, the potential formation pathways and mechanism of volatile compounds were discussed. The research will help us to understand the change of the violate compounds under the γ‐irradiate process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Functional brain abnormalities, including altered cerebral perfusion and functional connectivities, have been illustrated in adults with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (aADHD). The present study attempted to explore the alterations of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and resting‐state functional connectivity (RSFC) simultaneously to understand the neural mechanisms for adults with ADHD comprehensively. Methods: Resting‐state arterial spin labeling (ASL) and blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired for 69 male aADHD and 69 matched healthy controls (HCs). The altered CBFs associated with aADHD were explored based on both categorical (aADHD vs HCs) and dimensional (correlation with aADHD core symptoms) perspectives. Then, the seed‐based RSFC analyses were developed for the regions showing significant alterations of CBF. Results: Significantly decreased CBF in the large‐scale resting‐state networks regions (eg, ventral attentional network, somatomotor network, limbic network) and subcortical regions was indicated in aADHD compared with HCs. The correlation analyses indicated that the hypoperfusion in left putamen/global pallidum and left amygdala/hippocampus was correlated with ADHD inattentive and total symptoms, respectively. Further, weaker negative functional connectivity between left amygdala and bilateral supplementary motor area, bilateral superior frontal gyrus, and left medial frontal gyrus was found in adults with ADHD. Conclusion: The present findings suggested alterations of both cerebral perfusion and functional connectivity for the left amygdala in aADHD. The combination of CBF and RSFCs may help to interpret the neuropathogenesis of ADHD more comprehensively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis syndrome that leads to coronary artery aneurysm (CAA). While echocardiography is the most important imaging modality for coronary artery assessment, a specific diagnostic biomarker complementary for CAA has not been reported. We aimed to analyze the profiles of exosomal miRNAs extracted from the serum of KD patients and controls to identify candidate biomarkers for CAA. Serum samples from 39 healthy children, 42 CAA patients, 38 coronary artery dilatation (CAD) patients and 45 virus‐infected patients including 24 EBV patients and 21 ADV patients were randomly selected. Next generation sequencing was used to analyze serum exosomal miRNA to detect differentially expressed miRNAs. Biomarker candidates were validated by qRT‐PCR. One hundred (and) ninety‐six differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were detected in CAA patients and healthy children. There were 70 DEMs and 140 DEMs in CAA patients versus CAD patients, and in CAA patients versus virus‐infected patients, respectively. We selected the three most upregulated (let‐7i‐3p, miR‐17‐3p, and miR‐210‐5p) and the three most downregulated miRNAs (miR‐6743‐5p, miR‐1246, and miR‐6834‐5p) in the DEMs, which were expressed differentially in CAA patients versus healthy children, and in CAA patients versus virus‐infected patients, not in virus‐infected patients versus healthy children, as biomarker candidates. Excluded DEMs of CAD and virus‐infected patients, let‐7i‐3p was detected by sequence data analysis as a biomarker candidate for CAA patients, and then validated by qRT‐PCR in a larger set of clinical samples. As a biomarker candidate, let‐7i‐3p provides an additional means of diagnosing CAA patients. Additionally, miRNA biomarkers complement ultrasonic imaging, allowing for greater diagnostic precision. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, flumequine (FLU) enantiomers were separated using a Chiralpak OD-H column, with n-hexane-ethanol (20:80, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for cleanup and enrichment. The limit of detection, limit of quantitation, linearity, precision, and intra/interday variation of the chiral high-performance (HPLC) method were determined. The developed method was then applied to investigate the degradation behavior of FLU enantiomers in mariculture pond water samples. The results showed that the degradation of FLU enantiomers under natural, sterile, or dark conditions was not . Chirality 28:649-655, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some new compounds ( E)-3-aryl-1-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-prop-2-en-1-ones 5a-e were prepared by 1-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-ethanone and various aromatic aldehydes. Then one pot reaction was happened by compounds 5a-e with hydrazine hydrate in acetic acid or propionic acid, respectively, to give the title compounds 1acyl-5-aryl-3-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazoles 6a-i. All structures were established by MS, IR, CHN, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hexameric 12S central subunit of transcarboxylase has been crystallized in both free and substrate-bound forms. The apo crystals belong to the cubic space group P4232, with unit-cell parameters a = b = c = 188.5 Å, and diffract to 3.5 Å resolution. Crystals of two substrate-bound complexes, 12S with methylmalonyl CoA and 12S with malonyl CoA, are isomorphous and belong to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 115.5, b = 201.4, c = 146.9 Å, β = 102.7°. These crystals diffract to 1.9 Å resolution with synchrotron radiation. Two useful heavy-atom phasing derivatives of methylmalonyl CoAbound crystals have been obtained by co-crystallization or crystal soaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Title triazolyldihydropyrazoles (V) are prepared as potential anti-tuberculosis agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title mol­ecule, C10H14F6N2O2, possesses a crystallographically imposed centre of symmetry. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into two-dimensional crimped layers parallel to the bc plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the title compound, C16H24O8P2, the P atoms adopt slightly distorted tetra­hedral geometries as components of six-membered rings adopting chair conformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease, has prolonged courses, repeated attacks and resistance to treatment. The traditional narrow spectrum UVB treatment has an established efficacy on skin lichen planus, and high safety. However, most of ultraviolet phototherapy devices have a huge volume, thereby cannot be used in the treatment of OLP. Lymphocytic infiltration is evident in the lesions of lichen planus, and the direct irradiation of 308-nm excimer laser can induce apoptosis of the T lymphocytes in skin lesions, thereby has a unique therapeutic effect on the diseases involving T lymphocytes. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of 308-nm excimer laser in the treatment of OLP. A total of six OLP patients were enrolled into this study, and further pathological diagnosis was conducted, then 308-nm excimer laser was used in the treatment. The efficacy of 308-nm excimer laser in the treatment of OLP was satisfactory. The clinical symptoms of five patients were significantly improved. In two patients, the erosion surface based on congestion and the surrounding white spots completely disappeared, and clinical recovery was achieved. Three patients achieved partial remission, that is, the erosion surface healed, congestion and white spot area shrunk by more than 1/2 of the primary skin lesions. In the remaining one patient, the erosion surface had not completely healed after treatment, and congestion and white spot area shrunk by less than 1/2 of the primary skin lesions. Only one patients had developed mild pain during the treatment, and this symptom alleviated by itself. The 308-nm excimer laser therapy can serve as a safe and effective treatment for OLP., (© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

The title compound, (C(2)H(8)N)(C(5)H(12)NO)[ZnCl(4)], was synthesized by hydro-thermal reaction of ZnCl(2) with 4-methyl-morpholine in a dimethyl-formamide solution. The asymmetric unit is composed of half a [ZnCl(4)](2-) anion, half a 4-methyl-morpholin-4-ium cation and half a dimethyl-ammonium cation, all located on mirror planes parallel to ac. All the amine H atoms are involved in inter-molecular N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, building up an infinite chain parallel to the c axis.

The asymmeric unit of the title compound, [Co(C(10)H(9)N(4)O(2)S)(2)(C(5)H(5)N)(2)]·0.5H(2)O, contains the distorted octa-hedral trans-[Co(sdz)(2)(py)(2)] (sdz is the sulfadiazine anion and py is pyridine) complex mol-ecule and a half-mol-ecule of water, which lies on a twofold rotation axis. A three-dimensional network is generated by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the complex and the water mol-ecules.

The title compound, C(22)H(27)NO(11), was synthesized by the reaction of 4,5-diacet-oxy-6-acetoxy-methyl-3-amino-tetra-hydro-pyran-2-yl acetate and 2-hydr-oxy-3-methoxy-benzalde-hyde in ethanol. The mol-ecule contains two six-membered rings, one of which is in a chair conformation, and an intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond is present.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Ni(C(10)H(9)N(4)O(2)S)(2)(C(5)H(5)N)(2)]·0.5H(2)O, contains the distorted octa-hedral trans-[Ni(sdz)(2)(py)(2)] (sdz is the sulfadiazine anion and py is pyridine) complex mol-ecule and half of a water mol-ecule. A three-dimensional network is generated by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯O inter-actions between the complex and the water mol-ecules.

In the title compound, C(15)H(14)O(5), an intramolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, the molecules form inversion dimers linked by pairs of O-H⋯O bonds, which are further linked by C-H⋯O interactions.